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Index Note: Page numbers in italics refer to fi gures; those followed by “T” refer to tables. AAFC research stations, 175 Adams, John Quincy, 148 AGP, 415, 417 Brandon breeding program, adaxial strand, 407 agricultural biorefi nery, 592, 593 173, 175–176 addition lines Agriculture and Agri-Food Ottawa breeding program, 172, and centromere mapping, 64 Canada, see AAFC 173, 175 FISH analysis, 116 research stations ABA hormone physical mapping technology, Agrobacterium-mediated and aleurone PCD, 411 72, 90 transformation, 133, and drought tolerance, 289, 297 RH mapping technology, 75 134–135, 136, 169, 194T abaxial bundle, 407 wheat/barley, 74, 87, 113–114 agrochemical environmental abduction, 597 additive main effects and concerns, 161 abiotic stresses, 89, 282–299 multiplicative interaction Agropyron cristatum (crested breeding for resistance, 181, (AMMI) model, 283 wheatgrass), 15 196–197 adjuncts, cereal, in malting, 479, air processing, 554 identifying associated genes, 67 485, 497, 509 Alberta Field Crop Development model building, 283 in Chinese beer, 499 Centre/Lacombe breeding plant mechanisms of response, liquid, 485 program, 173, 176 296 adp gene, 68 albumins, Osborne fractions, 418 pleiotropic effects, 293 Aegilops speltoides, 44 alcoholic beverages. See also beer; tolerance, quantifying, 582–583 Aegilops tauschii, 44 distilling abscisic acid, 46 affi nity concept, 583 distilled, 499–500 abscisic acid hormone, see ABA Affymetrix GeneChip arrays, alcohols, as fl avoring agents, 493 hormone 88–89 aldehydes, Strecker, 493 Ac/Ds transposon tagging process, mapping technology, 72, 90, 114 ale, 494 94ACE fi le viewer, 100 reverse genetics tool, 93 aleurone acetic acid, 501 SFP identifi cation, 67 blue, 264 acetolactate synthesis, 226 COPYRIGHTEDafl atoxins, 523 MATERIALgrains, 412 acid soil tolerance, 202, 289 AFLP-generated markers layers, 403–404, 411–412, 415, acidic soils, 268, 274 branched-5 gene, 68 454 acrospires, 483, 508 BYMV resistance, 168 PCD, 411 acrylamide, 512–513 mapping technology, 64–65, 74, Alexis cultivar, 163 actin-depolymerizing factor, 87, 201 Alexis x Sloop population, 200, 202 104–105 yield QTL identifi cation, 125 alfalfa, 249, 343 activation tagging process, 96 Agilent Ink Jet in situ Synthesis Ali Kosh site, 46 Activator transposase (AcTPase) (IJISS) microarray, 93 alkaline subsoils, 269 gene, 96 AGOUEB, 87, 123 alkyresorcinols, 429 allele introgression using MAs, Barley: Production, Improvement, and Uses. Edited by Steven 126–128 E. Ullrich © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. alm gene, 68 603 604 Index alpha-amylase, 488, 491, 494, 500, health problems from H. ArrayExpress database, 100 501, 511 murinum murinum seed Aruso cultivar, 257 alpha-glucosidases, 491 dispersal, 32 ascospores, 308, 311, 320 alpha-tocopherol, 541 seed dispersal by, 15, 26, 31 ash, in barley kernel, 536, 542 alpha-tocotrienol, 541 Anisolepis section, 23, 33–35 Asia, Stenostachys perennials in, als gene, 68 Anson cultivar, 378 39–40. See also West Asia ALT gene, 268 anther culture technology, 167 Aspergillus kawachii, 500 alternate hosts anther gene expression analysis, association genetics, 583 of Russian wheat aphid, 367 398 Association Genetics of UK Elite aluminum toxicity, 104, 197, 201, Anthere cultivar, 167 Barley, 87, 123 267, 268, 289 anthesis, 396, 398 association studies, 66, 124–126, Amagi Nijo x WI-2585 anthocyanin content, 429 182, 294, 565–566 population, 200, 201 antibiosis, 373 Atlas cultivar, 264 AMBA, 178, 181, 182–183 and Hessian fl y, 377 atmospheric water, effect on American Malting Barley antibiotic resistance genes, 135 temperature, 586 Association, Inc. (AMBA), anticlinal walls, 401 atomic force microscopy (AFM), 178, 181, 182–183 antioxidant activity, 429, 430 117 amino acids, 536 antioxidants, in barley kernel, 541, attractors, 576 in barley, 540T 542 A-type starch granules, 414 excessive, and yeast, 505 antipodal complex, development aur-a1/aur-a2 genes, 68 in malt, 479 and structure, 397 Australia and Strecker aldehydes, 493 antipodal nuclei, and RNA barley exports, 9 AMMI model, 283 synthesis, 397 barley improvement scheme, ammonium nitrate, 239, 253 antixenosis, 373 188–191 ammonium polysulfi de, 247 Apetala/fruitful-like genes, 392 barley production, 186–204, ammonium sulfate, 247 Apex cultivar, 163 187T, 260–264, ammonium thiosulfate, 247 Aphelinus albipodus, 366 261–262T, 263T amo1 gene, 537 Aphelinus asychis, 366 breeding objectives/strategies, amplicons, TILLING Aphidius rhopalosiphi, 375 193–196, 197–198 examination of, 94 aphids, 166, 180, 250, 276, 355 cereal cropping areas map, amplifi ed fragment length and bacterial symbionts, 369 259 polymorphism, see as BYDV vector, 333 cropping environment, AFLP-generated markers resistance to, 40, 374 258–260 AMY2-BASI, 464 apples, world production of, 9 disease resistance research, amylases, 478, 488, 491, 501, 511, Arabidopsis, 48 198–202 512 Arabidopsis homolog, 102, 103, 104 farming system, barley’s place amylase-to-amylopectin ratio, Arabidopsis thaliana, 527 in, 266–267 413–414 homologous CBFs, 286 feed barley cultivars, 191T amyloglucosidase, 492, 500 arabino-(1/f2«/f04)-/f2b/f0-D- MAB/MAS usage, 200–204 amylolitic enzyme transgenic xylans, 416–417 malting barley export markets, research, 137 arabinogalactan peptide, 415, 417 187–188 amylopectin, 413, 536, 547 arabinoxylans, 457, 457, 459, regional selection traits, 194T amylose, 413, 491, 536, 547, 549 489–490, 538, 544, 549, risk from Russian wheat aphid, amylose extender phenotypes, 554–555, 556 359 413 Aramir cultivar, 163 seeding dates, 270–271 Anaphes fl avipes, 380 Arapiles cultivar, 190 seeding rates, 271 anastasmosis groups (AGs), 336 Arapiles x Franklin population, state barley production, 187T anatomy of the barley kernel, 535 203 tillage practices, 277–278 anemochorous dispersal, 18 archesporial cell, 395 types of barley grown, animals Arizona barley, 36 264–265 barley as fodder, 31 (see feed armyworm, 276, 355 wheat production, 260, 261, barley) aroma hops, 486 262 Index 605 Australian National Cereal Rust balanced tertiary trisomics system, progenitor identifi cation, 144 Control Program 133 quality testing, 502–507, (NCRCP), 199 Bale cultivar, 257 504T Australian plague locust, 276 Balling, Kurt, 496 reactions to greenbug Australian Winter Cereal bananas, world production of, 9 biotypes, 370T Molecular Marker bannocks, 533 reactions to Russian wheat Program (AWCMMP), barberry, 311. See also Berberis aphid biotypes, 364T 189 bare patch, 249, 277, 278, 336, reproduction and dispersal, Australian Winter Cereals 345 17–18, 48–49 Collection, 147 Barke cultivar, 163, 170 (see also dispersal) automatic sequencing barley. See also individual strains as a rice extender, 534 technologies, 76 and Hordeum species signifi cance of, 3–4 Avenae, divergence of Triticeae adaptation, 4, 5 Vulgare section, 26–33 from, 16 as animal fodder (see feed world production of, 5–7, 6T avenin-like proteins, 421–422 barley) world trade in, 10T AvrMla/AvrMla1 powdery backcrosses, 22 barley amylase/subtilisin mildew-containing strains, closest related general, 16 inhibitor, 425 105 distribution of species, 6–7, 7T, Barley Australia (BA), 193 AWCMMP, 189 16–17 barley bob, 548, 551 awn traits, 97 divergence from wheat, 14, 16, Barley Breeding Australia (BBA), AXs, 415, 416–417 21 190, 191 azadirachtin triterpinoid, 375 domestication of, 14, 42–49 Barley CGC, 154 Azure cultivar, 183 evolution and phylogeny, Barley Coordinated Agricultural 20–22 Project, see CAP B hordein, 419–421 gene pools and gene transfer, Barley DB online resource, 101 B1 hordein sequence schematic, 22–23 barley fl our 421 genetic research, 4 world trade in, 8, 8T B1601 cultivar, 183 genomes and chromosomes, Barley1 GeneChip, see Affymetrix BAC vector system 18–20 GeneChip arrays clone in situ hybridization, 71 global trade in, 8–12 Barley Genetic Stocks AceDB, clone minimum tiling path, as grain, world trade estimates, 101 100–101 8T Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN), contigs, 75–78, 76T habitats, 17 64, 68 libraries, 76, 86, 114, 117 history of taxonomy, 23 barley mild mosaic virus, see Morex library, 77, 88 as human food (see food, BMMV physical mapping/genome human) Barley Mutant Database, 101 sequencing, 87–88 kernel anatomy, 535 barley stem gall midge, 277 whole-genome fi ngerprinting, (see also kernels) barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), 77T landrace germplasm collections, 94–95 backcross breeding strategy 146 barley stripe rust resistance, see Australian breeding program, lpa mutation, 526 BSR resistance 197–198 malt-grade, impediments to barley thrips, 250 for disease resistance, 199–200 production of, 242 Barley Yellow Dwarf: 42 Years of and MAS usage, 204 malting (see malting barley) Progress (ed. D’Arcy and segregating populations, 124 morphology, 16 D’Arcy), 308 bacteria, as plant pathogens, 307, NSGC descriptor list, 154T barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), 308 origins and varieties, 14–15 276, 332–334, 333, 355, bacterial artifi cial chromosome pathogens, overview, 307–308 360, 372–373, 374 inserts, see BAC vector plant canopy spectrometric aphid vector, 166 system overview, 582–583 European breeding programs, bacterial blight, 334–336, 335 processing of, for human food 166 balady bread, 550 consumption, 551–554, 552 MAB/MAS usage, 168, 204 606 Index barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) world trade estimates, 8T production of, 36 (cont’d) belg season, East Africa, 253, 256 weed, excessive, in silage barley, marker development, 201, 203 production system, 257 248 pathovar P-PAV, 136 Belga cultivar, 256, 257 Bioraf demonstration project, 592