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Russian Japanology Review. 2018 RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF Russian Japanology Review. 2018 ––––––––––– RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Institute of Oriental Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Far Eastern Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences Association of Japanologists of Russia ––––––––––– RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Institute of Oriental Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Far Eastern Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences Association of Japanologists of Russia ––––––––––– RUSSIAN JAPANOLOGY REVIEW Vol. 1 On the occasion of the 200th Anniversary of the Institute of Oriental Studies of RAS MOSCOW 2018 Editors: Streltsov D. V. Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor, Head of Department of Afro-Asian Studies, MGIMO-University, Chairman of the Association of Japanologists of Russia E-mail: [email protected] Grishachev S. V. Ph.D. (History), Associate professor, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH) Moscow City University (MCU), Executive secretary of Association of Japanologists of Russia. E-mail: [email protected] With compliment to Japan Foundation and The International Chodiev Foundation. Russian Japanology Review. Vol. 1 / Ed. by D. Streltsov, S. Grishachev. Moscow: «AIRO–ХХI», 2018, 168 p. The Russian Japanology Review contains several recent academic pub- lications by Russia scholars in the sphere of Japanese studies. Russian edi- tions of these works have been published in 2017 in Yezhegodnik Yaponiya (Yearbook Japan) and e-journal ‘Yaponskiye issledovaniya’ (Japanese Studies in Russia) mainly (some articles were published in other scientific journals of Russia). Yearbook Japan and Japanese studies in Russia the organs of the Association of Japanologists. The purpose of this project is broader international promotion of the results of japanese studies in Russia and the introduction of the academic activities of Russian Japanologists. Yearbook Japan was founded in 1972. At present it is the core Russian academic periodical in the sphere of Japanese Studies. Traditionally it rubricates articles in four large sections – politics, economics and society, history, and culture. The quarterly e-journal ‘Japanese studies in Russia’ founded in 2016 propagates the results of academic studies in every research area of Japanology. Both editions are published under the auspice of Association of Japanologists in cooperation with Institute of Oriental Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) and Institute of Far Eastern Studies of RAS. ISВN 978-5-91022-371-8 © Institute of Oriental Studies of RAS, 2018. © Association of Japanologists, 2018. © «AIRO–ХХI», 2018, layout. CONTENT Streltsov D. V. Editor’s foreword ………………………………..………………… 7 Dobrinskaya O. A. Sato Naotake: the way of a diplomat ……………………………… 9 Dyakonova E. M. Nature and/or poetry? Based on “A Poem of One Hundred Links Composed by Three Poets at Minase” (Minase Sangin Hyakuin, 1488) ……… 25 Lebedeva I. P. Japan: Society of middle class …………………………………….. 40 Malashevskaya M. N. Mongolia in Japan’s Eurasian Policy (1997 – 2017) ……………… 55 Meshcheryakov A. N. Ethnologist Yanagita Kunio: Long road to recognition ………… 72 Simonova-Gudzenko E. K. The role of place names in the political culture of medieval Japan … 91 Streltsov D. V. Russian-Japanese relations: Systemic crisis or new opportunities? … 110 Timonina I. L. Creativity as economic resource: Japan’s practice ………………… 120 Toropygina M. V. On organization of poetic material in medieval japanese collections (Shinsanjurokkasen and Koyasan Kongozanmai-in tanzaku) ……… 137 Shchepkin V. V., Kartashev V. V. Ritual and Law: Reception of Adam Laxman’s expedition in Japan … 149 About authors ………………………….………………………… 159 Appendix A The bibliographic list of publications in Yearbook Japan for 2017 … 160 Appendix B The bibliographic list of publications in “Japanese Studies in Russia” for 2016–2017 ……………………………………..……………… 162 ––––––––––––––– Dear friends, I am honored to present the first volume of ‘Russian Japanology Re- view’, which is a new English digest of academic works by Russian scholars specializing in different spheres of Japanese studies – history, diplomacy, domestic politics, economics and culture. The papers of the volume have al- ready been published in Russian in different specialized editions, mostly un- der auspice of Russian Association of Japanologists – the quarterly journal Yaponskiye Issledovaniya (Japanese Studies in Russia) and Yezhegodnik Ya- poniya (Yearbook Japan). The aim of this project is to broad the readership of Russian academic work in the sphere of Japanese Studies. I strongly hope that the edition will attract attention of different categories of readers, including specialists, stu- dents, practitioners and educated laymen. I would be happy to receive all possible forms of feedback that would enable us to improve the edition, which we intend to publish on a regular base. Two works are dedicated to Japanese diplomacy. Maria Malashevskaya dwells upon the evolution of Japanese-Mongolian relations in the context of Japan’s Eurasian diplomacy adopted in 1997 by the Hashimoto cabinet. Dmitry Streltsov analyzes the recent development in Russo-Japanese rela- tions. He emphasizes the differences in strategic thinking of both countries towards economic cooperation, which has become one of the major obstacles in its further development. Two articles address the problems of Japanese diplomatic history. Vasiliy Shchepkin and Kirill Kartashov focus their attention on the ritual features as the foundation for receiving Adam Laxman’s expedition, the first Russian mission to Japan. An attempt to cover the biography of Sato Naotake, the last ambassador of militarist Japan in the Soviet Union and a prominent Japanese diplomat, is made in the paper by Olga Dobrinskaya. Another historical paper written by Aleksander Mescheryakov presents the biography by Yanagita Kunio (1875–1962), an outstanding Japanese ethnologist who gained official recognition and nationwide fame in the post- war period. The problems of modern Japanese economy and society are addressed in the papers of Irina Lebedeva and Irina Timonina. The first author examines the influence of education democratization, the ideology of lifetime employ- ment, government policies of supporting weak sectors on the formation of the Japan’s middleclass. The second work analyzes mechanisms of government support for creative industries which pursue the goal of boosting the domestic demand, expanding the country’s capacity for exports, and creation of jobs. Three works deal with Japanese culture. Elena Dyakonova’s essay con- siders the creative activities by Iio Sogi, the best known renga master of Ja- pan. Ekaterina Simonova-Gudzenko’s article focuses on the role and place of toponyms in the medieval Japanese political culture. The third author, Maria Toropygina, analyzes in her article the problem of selection and organization of material of two medieval poetic collections, Shinsanjurokkasen and Koyasan Kongozanmai-in tanzaku, created in the middle of the 13th and the middle of the 14th centuries. Please, enjoy the reading. I look forward for your critical analysis and suggestions that would help us to bring you more updates on the progress of this edition in its next volumes. Dmitry Streltsov, Chairman of the Russian Association of Japanologists Sato Naotake: The way of a diplomat Olga Alekseevna DOBRINSKAYA The article covers the biography of Sato Naotake, a prominent Japanese diplo- mat and statesman. He is mostly known in Russia as the last ambassador of militarist Japan in the Soviet Union. However, his career was much more comprehensive and noteworthy. Sato Naotake had become witness to the most dramatic period in the history of Japan, being a participant in many world events that had an effect on shaping Japan’s development up to 1945. Keywords: Sato Naotake, diplomacy, Japan, Russia, USSR, League of Na- tions, Second World War. The fate of Sato Naotake was inextricably linked to Russia and the Soviet Union. Naotake started his career as a young attaché in St. Petersburg, and completed his diplomatic mission as the ambassador to Moscow by receiv- ing the Soviet declaration of war. Russia mostly knows Sato as the last am- bassador of militarist Japan to the Soviet Union, but his diplomatic and polit- ical activity was way broader and much more multifaceted, and we would like to speak about it in this article. Childhood and youth: from Tanaka to Sato The history of the family to which Tanaka (Sato) was born in 1882 goes back to the Tsugaru samurai clan from the Aomori prefecture. According to the family chronicle, during the Tensho period (1573–1586) the clan’s pro- genitor, Tarogoro Tanaka, gave his life to save his master, Tsugaru Tameno- bu. The master showed his gratitude by awarding the “Souemon” (guard of the right gate) title to Tanaka, and his family remained Tsugaru’s vassals one generation after another until the Meji Restoration. Naotake’s father, Konroku Tanaka, received samurai and Western educa- tion (Rangaku), and learned Russian from an Orthodox priest, Father Niko- lai, in Hakodate (presumably, it was Nikolai Kasatkin). Konroku Tanaka al- so wanted to study in Russia, but the Boshin Civil War changed his plans. After the war, Tanaka Sr. joined the police, and held high-ranking positions in various prefectures. In 1903, Naotake Tanaka was adopted by the family of Yoshimaro Sato, an old friend of the Tanaka family. There was no male heir in the Sato fami- ly, and Naotake Tanaka changed his name on the orders from his biological father, and married Yoshimaro Sato’s daughter,
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