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Vorwort / Foreword Karl-Fritz Daiber /Gerdien Jonker (eds.) Local forms of religious organisation as structural modernisation: Effects on religious community building and globalisation Lokale Formen religiöser Organisation als strukturelle Modernisierung: Einflüsse auf die religiöse Gemeinschaftsbildung und Prozesse der Globalisierung Dokumentation eines Workshops am Fachbereich Evangelische Theologie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Alte Universität, 2.-6.Oktober 2002 Gefördert von der VolkswagenStiftung Hannover Marburg 2003 Local forms of religious organisation as structural modernisation: Effects on religious community building and globalisation Lokale Formen religiöser Organisation als strukturelle Modernisierung: Einflüsse auf die religiöse Gemeinschaftsbildung und Prozesse der Globalisierung Karl-Fritz Daiber /Gerdien Jonker (eds.) Philipps Universität Marburg 2003 Alle Rechte vorbehalten ISBN 3-8185-0377-X Dieses Dokument ist auf dem Archivserver der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg unter http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/uni/2003/0001 gespeichert Vorwort / Foreword.................................................................................................................... 5 Gerdien Jonker/ Karl-Fritz Daiber: The Beginning ................................................................... 7 Karl-Fritz Daiber: Bericht über den Verlauf .............................................................................. 9 Karl-Fritz Daiber: English Abstract: Report on the Discussions ............................................. 17 Lectures and Comments ........................................................................................................... 19 1. Religious Organisation Building in Europe and Turkey.................................................. 19 Karl-Fritz Daiber:The Unfinished Transformation of the Christian Parish System into Membership-based Organisations - Aspects of Modernisation in German Churches ..... 19 Emel Topcu-Brestrich: Islamic Organization in Turkey.................................................. 31 Gerdien Jonker: Forming Muslim Religion in Germany: ................................................ 50 Martin Baumann: Organising Hindu traditions in Europe, the case of Tamil Migrants from Sri Lanka ................................................................................................................. 64 Barchunova T. V., Ph. D.: Faith-based communities of practice in Novosibirsk ............ 76 2. Religious Organisation Building in East Asia.................................................................. 91 Hongkong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Nepal und Pakistan ......................................................... 91 Lai Chi-Tim: Hong Kong Daoism: A Study of Daoist Altars and Lü Dongbin Cults..... 91 Karl-Fritz Daiber: Local Buddhist Organisations in Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia and Nepal ........................................................................................................................................ 103 Jamal Malik: Local forms of religious organisation as structural modernisation. Impacts on religious community-building and globalisation....................................................... 113 Korea .............................................................................................................................. 121 Cha Ok-Soong:The Donghak Religion and the Modernization of Korea - With a Focus on the Donghak Peasant War ......................................................................................... 121 Keum Jang-Tae: Adaptation of Confucian Organizations to the Contemporary Korean Society............................................................................................................................ 135 3. Theoretical Discussion ................................................................................................... 145 Peter Beyer: Forming Religion in Global Society: From Organization to Invisibility.. 145 Mady A. Thung-Laeyendecker: Comments on main themes of the workshop.............. 164 Gerhard Wegner: What is Religion, if looked upon by „Organisation“?....................... 171 Matthias König: Comments "Local Forms of Religious Organisation as Structural Modernisation. Effects on Community-Building and Globalisation"............................ 173 Teilnehmer / Participants ....................................................................................................... 178 Local forms of religious organisation as structural modernisation, Marburg 2003 5 Vorwort / Foreword Erste Überlegungen zu dem hier dokumentierten Workshop beruhten auf Beobachtungen in zwei unterschiedlichen Forschungsfeldern: einmal im Rahmen von Forschungen über Entwicklungen des Islam in Deutschland. Zum anderen bei Beobachtungen von Neuentwicklungen im Rahmen des koreanischen Konfuzianismus und Buddhismus. In beiden Fällen ging es um religiöse Organisationsbildungen, die Formen organisatorischer Gemeindebildungen im Christentum entsprachen. Wir danken der VolkswagenStiftung dafür, daß durch die Förderung des Workshops die empirische Basis dieser Beobachtungen verbreitert werden konnte und die weitere theoretischen Diskussion angestoßen wurde. Die vorliegende, von der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg betreute Internet-Veröffentlichung publiziert der Beiträge der Teilnehmer, Vorüberlegungen der Organisatoren und eine erste Auswertung in der Gestalt des einführendes Berichts, der in der ersten Fassung der VolkswagenStifung vorgelegt worden ist. Leider konnten nicht alle Arbeitspapiere veröffentlich werden. Es fehlen die Beiträge von Cha Seong Hwan über den Wonbuddhismus in Korea und die Beiträge von Mansor Noor Mohd über die Situation in Malaysia. Wir bedauern dies, konnten es aber nicht ändern. Zu danken haben wir dem Fachbereich Evangelische Theologie der Philipps Universität für finanzielle und organisatorische Hilfen sowie Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern der Universität, die uns tatkräftig unterstützt haben. Zu danken haben wir insbesondere den Teilnehmern der Tagung, die sich bereitwillig auf die Themenstellung eingelassen haben. Während der Arbeit ist ein Stück Gemeinsamkeit des Forschens erwachsen, die über die Tage in Marburg hinausreicht. März 2003 The preparation for the workshop that is documented below started from two different observations in two different parts of the world. Karl-Fritz Daiber observed in Korea new developments in the organisation of Korean Buddhism and Confucianism. Gerdien Jonker noticed a similar development in Muslim community organisation in Europe. Without knowledge of the other’s experiences, we both observed new forms of religious organisation that seemed to come close to Christian forms of community building. Once we began to compare these observations, a thesis began to materialize and the idea of a workshop that would encompass empirical descriptions of religious organisation in different religions was born. Thanks to the VolkswagenStiftung who offered us the financial aid to bring together scholars from different parts of the world, it was possible to create a larger empirical basis for our thesis. During the workshop, scholars of Religion doing fieldwork in Hongkong, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Turkey, Siberia (Novosibirsk), the USA and Europe compared their findings. The result offered us a common basis to contemplate the theoretical impact of what appears to be a global change in religious organisation. In the following the reader will find the contributions of the participants (except for two) and some of our preliminary thoughts plus a first conclusion. However, to our distress the papers of both Cha Seong Hwan on Wonbuddhism in Korea and Mansor Noor Mohd on the situation in Malaysia could not be published. 6 Local forms of religious organisation as structural modernisation, Marburg 2003 We are grateful to the Faculty of Protestant Theology at Marburg University who supported us financially and in many other ways. A heartfelt thanks also goes to the students and members of staff who lent us a helping hand with the actual organisation. Last but not least we say thank you very much indeed to our workshop participants who were willing to accept our suggestions and to look at ”their” field of research with our questions in mind. It has created a field of common interest and exchange that surpasses our meeting in Marburg. March 2003 Gerdien Jonker Karl-Fritz Daiber Local forms of religious organisation as structural modernisation, Marburg 2003 7 Gerdien Jonker/ Karl-Fritz Daiber: The Beginning Outlines of a Workshop „Religious Belonging and Organised Religion” According to Max Weber the societal character of any existing religion by necessity crystallises its religious ideas. This observation on the variety of religious forms is still valid today. For example Christianity in its manifold shape focuses on Jesus Christ's representation on earth and as a consequence struggles time and again over legitimate leadership. Contrary to Christians, Muslims feel the weight of their assignment that individuals should stand up for their lord by themselves and consequently try to avoid the settling down of intermediaries But due to the character of modernity a tension has appeared. The ongoing internal differentiation of society, - its accompanying compulsion towards professionalisation and bureaucratisation, has created an new set of institutional expectations. The way religions still continue to present themselves in non- or half-organised forms now clashes with the scheme of modern society to communicate on the
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