Appendix One CORE VOCABULARIES1 Balkan Slavic Languages2 English Serbo-Croatian Bulgarian Macedonian Serbian Croatian No Cyrilic script Latin script Cyrilic script Latin transcription Cyrilic script Latin transcription 001 all ɫɜɢ svi ɜɫɢɱɤɢ vsiþki site site 002 and ɢ i ɢ i ɢ i 003 animal ɠɢɜɨɬɢʃɚ životinja ɠɢɜɨɬɧo životno ɠɢɜɨɬɧo životno 004 arm ɪɭɤɚ ruka ɪɴɤa răka ɪaɤa raka 005 ashes ɩɟɩɟɨ pepeo ɩɟɩɟɥ pepel ɩɟɩɟɥ pepel 006 at ɤɨɞ kod ɩɪɢ pri ɤaj kaj 007 back ɥeɻa leÿa ɝɪɴɛ grăb ɝɪɛ grb 008 bad ɥɨɲ loš ɥɨɲ loš ɥɨɲ loš 009 bark ɤɨɪɚ kora ɤɨɪɚ kora ɤɨɪɚ kora 010 because ɡɚɬɨ ɲɬɨ zato što ɡɚɲɬɨɬɨ zaštoto ɡɚɬɨa ɲɬɨ zatoa što 011 belly ɬɪɛɭɯ trbuh ɤɨɪɟɦ korem ɦɟɜ mev 012 berry ɡɪɧo zrno ɡɪɧo zrno ɡɪɧo zrno 013 big ɜɟɥɢɤɢ veliki ɝɨɥɹɦ goljam ɝɨɥeɦ golem 014 bird ɩɬɢɰɚ ptica ɩɬɢɰɚ ptica ɩɬɢɰɚ ptica 015 bite ɭʁɟɫɬɢ ujesti ɭɯaɩɜɚɦ uxapvam aɩe ape 016 black ɰɪɧ crn ɱeɪeɧþeren ɰɪɧ crn 017 blood ɤɪɜ krv ɤɪɴɜ krăv ɤɪɜ krv 018 blow ɞɭɜɚɬɢ duvati ɞɭxɚɦ duxam duva duva 019 bone ɤɨɫɬ kost ɤɨɫɬ kost ɤɨɫɤa koska 020 breast ɝɪɭɞɢ grudi ɝɪɴɞɢ grădi ɝɪaɞɢ gradi 021 breathe ɞɢɫɚɬɢ disati ɞɢɲɚ diša ɞɢɲɟ diše 1 The Balkan Slavic, Romanian and Modern Greek vocabularies were compiled by Pepijn Hendriks (Serbo- Croatian, Bulgarian and Macedonian), Jeroen Bakker (Romanian) and Bart de Vries (Modern Greek) – student interns at the University of Leiden, working in the framework of the Spinoza Project. The Tosk Albanian, Gheg Albanian, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian and Balkan Romani vocabularies were elicited from native speakers of those languages: Agim Poloska (Tosk Albanian), Avzi Mustafa (Gheg Albanian), Kocea and Verula Nicea (Aromanian), Dionisie PapaĠafa (Megleno-Romanian), Bajrami Severdžan (Arli); all of them living in Macedonia. Pepijn Hendriks, Jaroen Bakker and Bart de Vries have provided phonological and morphological analyses of the Slavic, Romance and Modern Greek vocabularies. These analyses have been entered into the Spinosa Project areal typological data base. (cf. http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/spls). The citation form for verbs is the infinitive for Serbo-Croatian and Megleno-Romanian, the short (suffix- less) infinitive Romanian, the 1st person singular present indicative form for Bulgarian, Aromanian, Tosk and Geg Albanian and Modern Greek, the 3rd person singular imperfective present indicative form for Macedonian and the 3rd person singular active present indicative for Arli Balkan Romani. 2 As pointed out in the introductory chapter (Chapter One), the term “Serbo-Croatian” refers to a language which has officially been dissolved and replaced by “Serbian”, “Croatian” or “Bosnian”. Since the relevant formal aspects of the latter languages are the same, the all-embracing label “Serbo-Croatian” has been used throughout the book, the terms “Serbian” and “Croatian” being used whenever reference to distinct uses are being made. In this table the Serbian usage has been represented in the Cyrilic script; the Croatian usage in the Latin script. Note, however, that in Serbia both the Cyrilic and the Latin alphabets are officially accepted and interchangeably used. 657 658 AppendixO ne English Serbo-Croatian Bulgarian Macedonian Serbian Croatian No Cyrilic script Latin script Cyrilic script Latin transcription Cyrilic script Latin transcription 022 brother ɛɪɚɬ brat ɛɪɚɬ brat ɛɪɚɬ brat 023 burn ɝɨɪɟɬɢ gorjeti ɝɨɪɹ gorja ɝɨɪɢ gori 024 child ɞɟɬɟ djete ɞɟɬɟ dete ɞɟɬɟ dete 025 claw ɤɚɧʇɚ kandža ɧɨɤɴɬ nokăt ɤɚɧʇɚ kandža 026 clothing oɞeʄa odjeüa ɞɪeɯɢ drexi aɥɢɲɬa ališta 027 cloud oɛɥɚɤ oblak oɛɥɚɤ oblak oɛɥɚɤ oblak 028 cold ɯɥɚɞɚɧ hladan ɫɬɭɞɟɧ studen ɫɬɭɞɟɧ studen 029 come ɞoʄɢ doüi ɢɞɜaɦ idvam ɞoaɼa doaƧa 030 cook ɤɭɜɚɬɢ kuhati ɝɨɬɜɚ gotva ɝɨɬɜɢ gotvi 031 count ɛɪojaɬɢ brojati ɛɪoɹ broja ɛɪoɢ broi 032 cry ɩɥɚɤɚɬɢ plakati ɩɥaɱɚ plaþa ɩɥaɱe plaþe 033 cut seʄɢ sjeüi ɪɟɠɚ reža seɱɟ seþe 034 dance ɢɝɪɚɬɢ plesati ɬɚɧɰɭɜɚ tancuvam ɬɚɧɰɭɜɚ tancuva 035 dark ɬɚɦaɧ taman ɬɴɦeɧ tămen ɬeɦeɧ temen 036 day ɞɚɧ dan den ɞeɧɞeɧ den 037 die ɭɦɪɟɬɢ umrjeti ɭɦɢɪaɦ umiram ɭɦɢɪa umira 038 dig ɤɨɩaɬɢ kopati ɤɨɩaɹ kopaja ɤɨɩa kopa 039 dirty ɩɪʂɚɜ prljav ɦɪɴɫɟɧ mrăsen ɧɚɫɟɧ gnasen 040 dog ɩɚɫ pas ɤɭɱɟ kuþe ɤɭɱɟ kuþe 041 down ɞoɥe dolje ɞoɥɭ dolu ɞoɥɭ dolu 042 drink ɩɢɬɢ piti ɩɢɹ pija ɩɢe pie 043 dry ɫɭɜ suh ɫɭx sux ɫɭɜ suv 044 dull ɬɭɩ tup ɬɴɩ tăp ɬaɩ tap 045 dust ɩɪɚɲɢɧa prašina ɩɪɚx prax ɩɪɚɜ prav 046 ear ɭɜo uvo ɭxo uxo ɭɜo uvo 047 earth ɡeɦʂɚ zemlja ɡeɦɹ zemja ɡeɦja zemja 048 eat jeɫɬɢ jesti jaɞa jada jaɞe jade 049 egg jaje jaje ɹɣɰe jajce jajɰe jajce 050 eight oɫaɦ osam oɫeɦ osem oɫɭɦ osum 051 eye oɤo oko oɤo oko oɤo oko 052 fall ɩaɫɬɢ pasti ɩɚɞɚɦ padam ɩɚɼɚ paƧa 053 far ɞɚɥɟɤ dalek ɞɚɥɟɱɟɧ daleþen ɞɚɥɟɱɟɧ daleþen 054 fat ɦɚɫɬ mast ɦɚɡɧɢɧɚ maznina ɦɚɫɬ mast 055 father oɬaɰ otac ɛaɳa bašta ɬɚɬɤo tatko 056 fear ɩɥɚɲɢɬɢ ɫe plašiti se cɬɪaxɭɜɚɦ ce straxuvam se ce ɩɥɚɲɢ se plaši 057 feather ɩɟɪɨ pero ɩɟɪɨ pero ɩɟɪɨ pero 058 few ɦaɥɨ malo ɦaɥɤo malko ɦaɥɤɭ malku 059 fight ɛɨɪɢɬɢ ce boriti se ɛopɹ ce borja se ce ɛoprɢ ce bori 060 fire ɜɚɬɪa vatra oɝɴɧ ogăn oɝoɧ ogon 061 fish pɢɛa riba pɢɛa riba pɢɛa riba 062 five ɩeɬ pet ɩeɬ pet ɩeɬ pet 063 float ɩɥoɜɢɬɢ ploviti ɩɥaɜaɦ plavam ɩɥɢɜa pliva 064 flow ɬeʄɢ teüi ɬɟɤa teka ɬɟɱɟ teþe 065 flower ɰɜeɬ cvjet ɰɜeɬe cvete ɰɜeʅe cveʅe 066 fly ɥeɬeɬɢ letjeti ɥeɬa leta ɥeɬa leta 067 fog ɦɚɝɥɚ magla ɦɴɝɥɚ măgla ɦɚɝɥɚ magla 068 foot ɧoɝa noga ɤraɤ krak ɧoɝa noga 069 four ɱeɬpɢþetri ɱeɬɢpɢþetipi ɱeɬpɢþetri 070 freeze ɫɦɪɡɧɭɬɢ smrznuti ɡaɦɪɴɡɜaɦ zamrăzvam ɡaɦɪɡɧɭɜɚ zamrznuva 071 full ɩɭɧ pun ɩɴɥeɧ pălen ɩoɥɧ poln 072 give ɞaɬɢ dati ɞɚɜɚɦ davam ɞɚɜɚ dava 073 good ɞoɛap doɛar ɞoɛɴp dobăr ɞoɛap dobar 074 grass ɬpaɜa trava ɬpeɜa treva ɬpeɜa treva Core Vocabularies 659 English Serbo-Croatian Bulgarian Macedonian Serbian Croatian No Cyrilic script Latin script Cyrilic script Latin transcription Cyrilic script Latin transcription 075 green ɡeɥeɧ zelen ɡeɥeɧ zelen ɡeɥeɧ zelen 076 guts ɰpeɜa creva ɱepɜa þerva ɰpeɜa creva 077 hair ɤoca kosa ɤoca kosa ɤoca kosa 078 hand pɭɤa ruka pɴɤa răka paɤa raka 079 he oɧ on ɬoɣ toj ɬoj toj 080 head ɝɥaɜa glava ɝɥaɜa glava ɝɥaɜa glava 081 hear ɱɭɬɢ þuti ɱɭɜaɦþuvam cɥɭɲa sluša 082 heart cpɰe srce cɴpɰe sărce cpɰe srce 083 heavy teɠɚɤ težak ɬeɠɴɤ težăk teɠoɤ težok 084 here oɜɞe ovdje ɬɭɤ tuk oɜɞe ovde 085 hit ɭɞɚpaɬɢ udariti ɭɞpɹɦ udrjam ɭɞɢpa udira 086 hold ɞpɠɚɬɢ držati ɞɴpɠɚ dărža ɞpɠɢ drži 087 horn poɝ rog poɝ rog poɝ rog 088 house ɤɭʄa kuüa ɤɴɳa kăšta ɤɭʅa kuʅa 089 how ɤaɤo kako ɤaɤ kak ɤaɤo kako 090 hundred cɬo sto cɬo sto cɬo sto 091 hunt ɥoɜɢɬɢ loviti ɥoɜa lova ɥoɜɢ lovi 092 husband ɦɭɠ muž ɦɴɠ măž ɦaɠ maž 093 I ja ja aɡ az jac jas 094 ice ɥɟɞ led ɥɟɞ led ɦpaɡ mraz 095 if aɤo ako aɤo ako aɤo ako 096 in ɭ u ɜ v ɜo vo 097 kill ɭɛɢɬɢ ubiti ɭɛɢɜaɦ ubivam ɭɛɢɜa ubiva 098 knee ɤoɥɟɧo koljeno ɤoɥɹɧo koljano ɤoɥɟɧo koleno 099 know ɡɧɚɬɢ znati ɡɧɚɹ znaja ɡɧɚe znae 100 lake jeɡɟpo jezero eɡɟpo ezero eɡɟpo ezero 101 laugh cɦɟjaɬɢ ce smijati se cɦɟɹ ce smeja se ce cɦɟe se smee 102 leaf ɥɢɫɬ list ɥɢɫɬ list ɥɢɫɬ list 103 left (side) ɥeɜɢ levi ɥɹɜ ljav ɥeɜ lev 104 leg ɧɨɝa noga ɤraɤ krak ɧɨɝa noga 105 lie ɥɟɠɚɬɢ ležati ɥɟɠɚ leža ɥɟɠɢ leži 106 lip ɭcɧa usna ɭcɬɧa ustna ɭcɧa usna 107 live ɠɢɜɟɬɢ živjeti ɠɢɜɟɹ živeja ɠɢɜɟe živee 108 liver jeɬpa jetra ɱɟɪɟɧ ɞpoɛ þeren drob ɰpɧɞpoɛ crn drob 109 long ɞɭɝ dug ɞɴɥɴɝ dălăg ɞoɥɝ dolg 110 louse ɜaɲ vaš ɜɴɲɤa văška ɜoɲɤa voška 111 man ɦɭɲɤapaɰ muškarac ɦɴɠ măž ɦaɠ maž 112 many ɦɧɨɝo mnogo ɦɧɨɝo mnogo ɦɧɨɝɭ mnogu 113 meat ɦɟɫo meso ɦɟɫo meso ɦɟɫo meso 114 milk ɦɥɟɤo mljeko ɦɥɹɤo mljako ɦɥɟɤo mleko 115 moon ɦɟɫɟɰ mjesec ɥɭɧa luna ɦɟɫɟɱɢɧa meseþina 116 mother ɦajɤa majka ɦaɣɤa majka ɦajɤa majka 117 mountain ɩɥɚɧɢɧa planina ɩɥɚɧɢɧa planina ɩɥɚɧɢɧa planina 118 mouth ɭɫɬa usta ɭɫɬa usta ɭɫɬa usta 119 name ɢɦe ime ɢɦe ime ɢɦe ime 120 narrow ɭɡɚɤ uzak ɬɟɫɟɧ tesen ɬɟɫɟɧ tesen 121 navel ɩɭɩɚɤ pupak ɩɴɩ păp ɩaɩoɤ papok 122 near ɛɥɢɡɚɤ blizak ɛɥɢɡɴɤ blizăk ɛɥɢɡoɤ blizok 123 neck ɜpaɬ vrat ɜpaɬ vrat ɜpaɬ vrat 124 new ɧɨɜ nov ɧɨɜ nov ɧɨɜ nov 125 night ɧoʄ noüɧoɳ nošt ɧoʅ noʅ 126 nine ɞɟɜɟɬ devet ɞɟɜɟɬ devet ɞɟɜɟɬ devet 127 nose ɧɨɫ nos ɧɨɫ nos ɧɨɫ nos 660 AppendixO ne English Serbo-Croatian Bulgarian Macedonian Serbian Croatian No Cyrilic script Latin script Cyrilic script Latin transcription Cyrilic script Latin transcription 128 not ɧe ne ɧe ne ɧe ne 129 old ɫɬɚɪ star ɫɬɚɪ star ɫɬɚɪ star 130 one jeɞaɧ jedan eɞɧo edno eɞeɧ eden 131 other ɞɪɭɝɢ drugi ɞɪɭɝ drug ɞɪɭɝ drug 132 person ɱoɜɟɤ þovjek ɱoɜɟɤ þovek ɱoɜɟɤ þovek 133 play ɢɝɪɚɬɢ igrati ɢɝɪɚɹ igraja ɢɝɪɚ igra 134 pull ɜɭʄɢ vuüi ɞɴpɩaɦ dărpam ɜɥeɱɟ vleþe 135 push ɝɭpaɬɢ gurati ɛɭɬɚɦ butam ɛɭɬɤɚ butka 136 rain ɤɢɲa kiša ɞɴɠɞ dăžd ɞoɠɞ dožd 137 red ɰɪɜɟɧ crven ɱeɪɜɟɧ þerven ɰɪɜɟɧ crven 138 right ɩɪɚɜɢ pravi ɩɪɚɜ prav ɩɪɚɜ prav 139 right(side) ɞɟɫɧɢ djesni ɞɹɫeɧ djasen ɞɟɫeɧ desen 140 ripe ɡpeo zreo ɡpɹɥ zrjal ɡpeɥ zrel 141 river peɤa rjeka peɤa reka peɤa reka 142 road ɩɭɬ put ɩɴɬ păt ɩaɬ pat 143 root ɤopeɧ korjen ɤopeɧ koren ɤopeɧ koren 144 rope ɭɠɟ uže ɜɴɠe văže jaɠe jaže 145 rotten ɬɪɭo truo ɝɧɢɥ gnil ɝɧɢɥ gnil 146 round ɨɤɪɭɝao okrugao ɤɪɴɝɴɥ krăgăl ɬɪɤaɥeɡeɧ trkalezen 147 rub ɬɪʂaɬɢ trljati ɬɪɢɹ trija ɬɪɢe trie 148 salt co so coɥ sol coɥ sol 149 sand ɩecaɤ pjesak ɩɹcɴɤ pjasăk ɩecoɤ pesok 150 say reʄɢ reüi ɤaɡɜaɦ kazvam ɜeɥɢ veli 151 scratch ɝɪeɛaɬɢ grebati ɞɪaɩaɦ drapam ɝɪeɛe grebe 152 sea ɦoɪe more ɦoɪe more ɦoɪe more 153 see ɜɢɞɟɬɢ vidjeti ɜɢɠɞaɦ viždam ɝɥɟɞɚ gleda 154 seed ceɦe sjeme ceɦe seme ceɦe seme 155 seven ceɞaɦ sedam ceɞaɦ sedam ceɞyɦ sedum 156 sew ɲɢɬɢ šiti ɲɢɹ šija ɲɢe šie 157 sharp oɲɬap oštar ocɬɴp ostăr ocɬep oster 158 shoot ɩɭɰaɬɢ pucati cɬpeɥɹɦ streljam ɩɭɤa puka 159 short ɤpaɬaɤ kratak ɤɴc kăs ɤɭc kus 160 sing ɩeɜaɬɢ pjevati