Malay-English Vocabulary, Containing Over 7000

'U/'^>'^^^^'' £s,: ^^ / ...J.i'- CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 081 220 968 The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924081220968 : rialay-English = Vocabulary = Containing over 7000 Malay Words or Phrases with their English equivalents, together with aiN APPENDIX Of Household, Nautical and Medical Terms etc. BY Rev. V. Q. 5H ELLA BEAR, Missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church " Author of " A Practical Malay Grammer etc. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Price 9Z.OO. SINGAPORE PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY THE METHODIST PUBLISHING HOUSE. 1912. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. This vocabulary has been prepared for use in connection with my '' Practical Malay Grammar." It was originally intended to incorpor- ate with the Grammar an English-Malay and a Malay-English Voca- bulary, each containing some three or four thousand words, but in Tiew of the fact that most jieople require a vocabulary containing as large a number of words as possible and are subjected to much dis- appointment and annoyance when they find that their vocabulary does not contain just the very word which they require, it has been thought better to publish the vocabularies separately and to make them an complete as is consistent with the low price at which such works are «xpected to sell. The list of words which is here offered to the public contains over «ix thousand words and phrases. Tn such a list it is of course impossible to include all the Malay words which may be met with in even a very limited range of Malay reading, and the student will no doubt meet with some expressions in conversation with Malays which will not be found in this vocabulary. Great care, however, has been iaken in the selection of the words, and it is hoped that very few Tvhich are in common use or are likely to be needed by the student in ihe first two or three years of his study of the langaiage have been, emitted. In this vocabulary, as in the " Practical Malay Grammar," the -Malay words are printed in roman letters only. Comparatively few Europeans make any serious attempt to learn the Arabic character, and those who do will no doubt require a dictionary rather than a vocabulary. The omission of the Arabic characters has enabled the printers to put out this work in a very compact form and at a cost considerably below what it would otherwise have been. The great defect of Malay vocabularies printed in the Eoman character has always been the difficulty of finding many of the words owing to variations of spelling. This has been particularly the case in regard to the romanization of the short vowel sound, which even in the same work has been represented by different letters in different words, according to the derivation of the word or the fancy of the ?iuthor, so that in many cases the studcHt has had'to hunt for a word in two or three different places liefore he has "been able to find it. This difficulty has been obviated in this work by the adoption of the «ame system of romanization which has been used in my Grammar and in all the other Malay publications of the Methodist Publishing House. V Preface. Its peculiar featute is the entire omission of the short vowel. This makes it just as easy to find a word containing the short vowel as it i& in a Malay dictionary printed in the Arabic character, for instead of haying to Look up such a word as nschaya or psaka under two or three different vowels, the student will-be able to' j5nd it at once from the sound. It is believed that this ^vill be found to be a very great ad- vantage. The introduction should be carefully studied by those who desire to make an intelligent use of this vocabulary. Part of the introduc- .tion has been Teproduced from the Grammar, but there will also be- iound a large amount of entirely new matter explaining the use of prefixes and suffixes, the accentuation of .Malay words, and the use and pronunciation of foreign words, etc. The student should not fail .to make the fullest use of the Grammar, not only on account of the importance of thoroughly understanding the grammatical constnictioa of the language, but also because he will otherwise be unable to pro- fit by the frequent references made in the vocabulary -to the numbers of the paragraphs in the Grammar, where fuller information will be found in regard to the use of certain words than could be given in a. vocabulary. Derived words will only be found under their roots. Owing t» the immen,se number and variety of the derived forms in the Malay language, this is the only arrangement which is at all satisfactory, and has been adopted in all dictionaries and in one or two vocabularies. At first the student will no doubt have some difficulty in finding out what is the root of some of the derivatives, and it will be necessary for him to make himself thoroughly acquainted with the use of prefixes and affixes; this, however, will be found to be a blessing in dis- guise, for it is impossible to read or speak the Malay language intellit- gentlj' without a thorough -understanding of the derived forms. An appendix containing lists of English words with their Malay equivalents has been added. The vocabulary itself contains manj'' similar lists ; for instance a list of the different classes of workmen will lie found under tukarg, a list of the classifiers or numeral coefficients under s-, cloths under Jcain, stones under hatu, etc. The lists of nautical terms and diseases should be of special use to sailors and doctors respectively, and housekeepers will find a veiy complete list of foods and household terms. In the preparation of this vocabulary I am particularly indebted to Favre's Malay-French Dictionary and to Klinkert's Malay-Dutch Pocket Dictionary. When in doubt as to the precise meaning of a- word I have occasionally referred to Wilkinson's Dictionary, Part I^ but as the second part has nqj; yet been published this work has only been referred to in regard to such words as come in the first half of the Malay alphabet. My list of words has been compared with other vocabularies in order to ensure that no important word has been omitted. Several alterations and additions have been made at the Preface. suggestion of Dr. Luering, and my thanks are clue to liim for the valuable assistance which he has rendered me by reading and criticis- ing the manuscript previous to publication. ^ ' -' W. G. Shellabeae. Singapore, July, 1902. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. The demand for a new edition of this vocabulary has enabled me to correct a few errors which crept into the first edition, and to add a number of words which, though not in frequent use, are liable to be met with by the students An attempt has also been made in this edition to indicate words which are peculiar to the Malay spoken by the " Babas," or Straits- born Chinese, and some of their differences of pronunciation. The difference between Baba Malay, and the language as it is spoken by the Malays themselves, consists, however, not merely in such variations as can be shown in a vocabulary. There is a radical difference in the structure of the sentences. For the most part the same words are used, but the idiom is different, and would require a more thorough elucida- tion than could be given in the introduction to a vocabulary. It is hoped, however, that the Baba Malay words here given, marked (B.),, will help to explain some of the peculiarities of pronunciation met with in the Settlements, where Chinese influence predominates. W, G. S. Singapore, July, 1912. — INTRODUCTION. The Vowels. The five vowels have the continental sounds : a as in father. o as in hole. e as the .ey in they. u as in rude. i as in ravine. In open syllables these vowel sounds have always a greater degree of intensity than in closed syllables. In addition to the above there is in Malay, as in nearly all Orien- tal languages, another simple vowel sound which is often called the short vowel sound. In the different systems of romanizing, this short vowel sound has been variously represented by a, a, e,, e, i, i, u. u; but all these different methods of representing this vowel sound are open to the great objection that they mislead Europeans and even natives into giving it an incorrect pronunciation, and in a dictionary they have the additional disadvantage o£ giving rise to so much divers- ity and uncertainty in the spelling of words containing the short vowel that prolonged search is often necessary before it can be dis- covered which of these vowels has been used by the lexicographer to represent the short vowel in the particiilar word which is being sought for. Experience has shown that the best way to spell words containing the short vowel with a view to helping tlie student to a correct pronunciation, is to omit the vowel altogether, and it is believed that the omission of the vowel will obviate the difficulty of finding such words in the vocabulary. The exact sound of the short vowel should be learnt if possible from a Malay; it is almost identical with the half-vowel sound in the first syllable of such words as " machine " and " balloon." Wlien two vowels come together, both must be sounded, but the first must be run into the second; thus au has very nearly the sound of ow in "cow," as pisau, mau; and ai has almost the sound of the English i in "ice," as, smyai, pahai.

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