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Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia During the and Byzantine Period Roman

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Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia During the and Byzantine Period Roman After his victory over Mithradates VI the and transformed the territory. This vol- GH 32 Roman general Pompey founded a num- ume reviews current knowledge regarding Landscape Dynamics and Settlement ber of cities in order to shape the newly these new founded Roman cities in rela- founded Roman province in the inland of tion to their territories, necropoleis and Patterns in Northern Anatolia the conquered former Pontic kingdom, sanctuaries. It consists of 18 articles, which in the southern Black Sea region. This explore dynamics in settlement patterns, during the Roman and Byzantine Period sparked the beginning of an intense pro- architecture, urban and mortuary spaces, cess of urban and rural development peak- monetary circulation and epigraphic habit. Edited by Kristina Winther-Jacobsen ing in the 2nd century AD and continuing Some articles present the results of recent until the Byzantine period, a level of in- field research, others review little known and Lâtife Summerer tensity never accomplished in northern material ripe for new interpretations, Anatolia until today. The reorganization while new archaeological data is provided of space through the development of new by the reports of rescue excavations car- urban centers affected the whole region ried out by local museums. Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia during the and Byzantine Period Roman www.steiner-verlag.de VSWG Alte Geschichte Geographica Historica – 32 Franz Steiner Verlag Franz Steiner Verlag Lâtife Summerer ISBN 978-3-515-11214-7 Kristina Winther-Jacobsen / / Kristina Winther-Jacobsen Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia during the Roman and Byzantine Period Edited by Kristina Winther-Jacobsen and Lâtife Summerer geographica historica Begründet von Ernst Kirsten, herausgegeben von Eckart Olshausen und Vera Sauer Band 32 Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia during the Roman and Byzantine Period Edited by Kristina Winther-Jacobsen and Lâtife Summerer Franz Steiner Verlag The publication of this volume was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research as part of the research project ‘Where East meets West’. Typesetting: Vera Sauer Copy-editing: Gina Coulthard Cartography: Richard Szydlak Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.d-nb.de> abrufbar. Dieses Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist unzulässig und strafbar. © Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2015 Druck: Laupp & Göbel, Nehren Gedruckt auf säurefreiem, alterungsbeständigem Papier. Printed in Germany. ISBN 978-3-515-11214-7 (Print) ISBN 978-3-515-11216-1 (E-Book) Zum Geleit Im Rahmen des vom Danish Council for Independent Research geförderten Forschungs- projekts Where East meets West veranstalteten Kristina Winther-Jacobsen und Lâtife Summerer im April 2014 in Amasya/Türkei ein Kolloquium mit dem Titel ›Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia during the Roman and Early Byzantine Period‹. Thematisch schloss sich diese Veranstaltung an das Kolloquium ›Space, Place and Identity in Northern Anatolia‹ an, das 2012 ebenfalls im Rahmen des Projekts Where East meets West unter der Leitung von Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen in Kolding/Däne- mark stattgefunden hatte und dessen Akten als Band 29 der Reihe Geographica Historica er- schienen sind. Der nun vorliegende Band entspricht nicht nur inhaltlich im engeren Sinn, sondern auch gleichsam ideell ganz der Konzeption der Geographica Historica. Einmal mehr zeigt sich, wie fruchtbar es ist, wenn Vertreter verschiedener Forschungsdisziplinen internatio- nal zusammenarbeiten. Vor allem aber demonstriert dieser Band, welches Potential speziell im Bereich der Archäologie, damit aber auch der Historischen Geographie die Vernetzung universitärer und musealer, überregional und regional organiserter Forschung birgt. Eckart Olshausen und Vera Sauer Contents Illustrations . 11 Kristina Winther-Jacobsen and Lâtife Summerer Introduction . 17 The dynamics of landscapes: cities and territories Philip Bes Roman-period finds from the Cide region . 23 Owen Doonan Settlement and economic intensification in the late Roman/ early Byzantine hinterland of Sinop . 43 Peri Johnson How did the landscape of Pompeiopolis become Roman? . 61 Kristina Winther-Jacobsen Contextualizing Neoklaudiopolis: a glimpse at settlement dynamics in the city’s hinterland . 83 Peter Bikoulis, Hugh Elton, John Haldon and Jim Newhard Above as below: The application of multiple survey techniques at a Byzantine church at Avkat . 101 Max Ritter The end of late antiquity in Paphlagonia: disurbanisation from a comparative perspective . 119 Report Celal Özdemir Preliminary results of rescue excavations at the Sanctuary of Zeus Stratios near Yassıçal, Amasya province . 135 8 Contents The dynamics of mortuary space: necropoleis, graves and grave monuments Pavol Hnila Rural necropoleis and settlement dynamics: Thoughts on Roman and Byzantine graves at Oymaağaç Höyük, Samsun province . 147 Vera Sauer Two coins from Oymaağaç Höyük: Appendix to Rural necropoleis and settlement dynamics by P. Hnila . 165 Julia Koch From funerary doorstones in Pompeiopolis to tracing local identity from the Phrygian Highlands to Inner Paphlagonia . 171 Reports Muzaffer Doğanbaş Preliminary results of rescue excavations in the Roman and Byzantine necropoleis of Amasya (1977–2014) . 193 İlkay İvgn Results of a rescue excavation in the village of Zafer, near Tekkeköy, Samsun province . 205 The dynamics of decoration: sculptures and mosaics Baran AydIn, Laura Buccino and Lâtife Summerer Honoured, beheaded and buried: A new deposit of statues from Amastris . 219 Luisa Musso Dynamics of mosaic design in northern Anatolia in the Roman and early Byzantine periods . 239 Report Esra Keskin Preliminary results of rescue excavations in 2013 at a Roman mosaic-paved building in the village of Yavru, Amasya province . 285 Contents 9 The dynamics of circulation: roads, inscriptions, coins Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen and Rainer M. Czichon Ancient Roads and Bridges of the Vezirköprü District . 295 Christian Marek Epigraphy and the provincial organisation of Paphlagonian cities in the Roman Empire . 307 Vera Sauer The coinage of Neoklaudiopolis and Pompeiopolis against the background of the minting practices of Pontic and Paphlagonian cities during the Roman Imperial period . 329 Indices Ancient personal names . 341 Modern personal names . 343 Places . 348 Sources . 353 Illustrations Kristina Winther-Jacobsen and Lâtife Summerer, Introduction 1. Group photo taken in Amasya during the seminar, 22nd April, 2014 Philip Bes, Roman-period finds from the Cide region 1. Roman-period sites in the Black Sea area mentioned in the text 2. Concentrations of predominantly Roman-period ceramic finds in the study area 3. Top part of an early Roman gravestone 4. The bridgehead along the Devrekani at Atköprü 5. Fragments of amphorae from Cide Owen Doonan, Settlement and economic intensification in the late Roman/ early Byzantine hinterland of Sinop 1. Map of the Sinop promontory showing locations mentioned in the text 2. Topographic map of the Demirci valley showing sample tracts and Roman-period archaeological loci 3. Map of the interior of the Demirci valley and the site L97-101 4. Local ceramics from locus L97-101 5. Survey tracts of locus L99-21 (Karapınar) 6. Ceramics from L99-21 (Karapınar) 7. Kiln from Eldevüz in the Demirci valley 8. Map of Kırkgeçit çayı survey area 9. Survey areas in Çakıroğlu and Erikli quadrats Peri Johnson, How did the landscape of Pompeiopolis become Roman? 1. Map of central northern Turkey 2. Map of the environs of Pompeiopolis 3. Map of features and places in the environs of Pompeiopolis mentioned in the geomorphological description 4. Map of the cemeteries near Pompeiopolis 5. Map of the Çetmi and Donalar areas 6. Map of the Tepedelik area 7. Manigünez Tepeleri 8. Map of the Alisaray area 9. Map of the Aşağıemerce area and the confluence of the Aşağıçayı with the Gökırmak 10. Harmanyeri and Sivritepe Kristina Winther-Jacobsen, Contextualizing Neoklaudiopolis: a glimpse at settlement dynamics in the city’s hinterland 1. Map of the sites in the survey area discussed in the text 2. Georesistivity map of Papaz Tarlası 3. Gridded survey map of Papaz Tarlası indicating the subsurface structures and other recorded features 4. Functional categories recorded in transect lines across Papaz Tarlası 5. Selection of pottery from Papaz Tarlası 12 Illustrations 6. Stela from Papaz Tarlası 7. Selection of pottery from the Christian sanctuary on the Doyran-Tepeören road 8. Map of the Tepeören settlement system 9. Selection of pottery from Roman Tepeören 10. Selection of pottery from the Tepeören-Merzifon road settlement Peter Bikoulis, Hugh Elton, John Haldon and Jim Newhard, Above as below: The application of multiple survey techniques at a Byzantine church at Avkat 1. Location of Beyözü/Avkat and the survey area 2. Inscription, church spolia and architectural pieces 3. Exposed section of wall 4. Densities of total counts of artefacts in the Avkat region 5. Structure extents based on GPR survey 6. Super-intensive survey: illustration of methods 7. Super intensive survey areas 8. Artefacts collected during the super-intensive survey
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