Las Matemáticas Del Islam
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Queen Buran Podcast Outline
Queen Buran Podcast Outline Episode outline and show notes for episode 295, titled Queen Buran, Astrologer in 9th Century Baghdad, with Chris Brennan and guest Ali A. Olomi. https://theastrologypodcast.com/2021/03/12/queen-buran-astrologer-in-9th-century-baghdad/ Episode released on March 12, 2021. Most of what follows represents Chris’ outline for the episode that he wrote in preparation for the interview, integrated with some comments and changes from Ali. Outline Introduction ● Recorded on Wednesday, March 10, 2021, starting at 9:07 AM in Denver. ● This is the 295th episode of the show. ● Today I’m going to be talking with Ali A. Olomi ● Our topic is Buran of Baghdad, who lived in the 9th century. ○ She was a queen during the early Islamic Golden Age ○ Married to one of the great caliphs, al-Ma’mun. ○ She is the first woman we know of by name to have practiced astrology. Introduce Ali and talk about his work ● Ali is a Historian of Middle East & Islam ○ Focuses on politics, gender, Islamic esotericism, astrology, folklore. ● Host of the Head on History Podcast, which is available on Patreon: ○ Posts on jinn, magic, and astrology ○ https://www.patreon.com/headonhistory ● Twitter: https://twitter.com/aaolomi Background on Early Women in Astrology ● Background about previous work on women in ancient astrology. ● I have a small section on this in my book titled Hellenistic Astrology. ○ Also talked about it in episode 86 while I was writing the book. ● Women were not typically afforded the same education as men in ancient times. ● As a result we don’t know the names of any ancient women who did astrology. -
Mathematicians
MATHEMATICIANS [MATHEMATICIANS] Authors: Oliver Knill: 2000 Literature: Started from a list of names with birthdates grabbed from mactutor in 2000. Abbe [Abbe] Abbe Ernst (1840-1909) Abel [Abel] Abel Niels Henrik (1802-1829) Norwegian mathematician. Significant contributions to algebra and anal- ysis, in particular the study of groups and series. Famous for proving the insolubility of the quintic equation at the age of 19. AbrahamMax [AbrahamMax] Abraham Max (1875-1922) Ackermann [Ackermann] Ackermann Wilhelm (1896-1962) AdamsFrank [AdamsFrank] Adams J Frank (1930-1989) Adams [Adams] Adams John Couch (1819-1892) Adelard [Adelard] Adelard of Bath (1075-1160) Adler [Adler] Adler August (1863-1923) Adrain [Adrain] Adrain Robert (1775-1843) Aepinus [Aepinus] Aepinus Franz (1724-1802) Agnesi [Agnesi] Agnesi Maria (1718-1799) Ahlfors [Ahlfors] Ahlfors Lars (1907-1996) Finnish mathematician working in complex analysis, was also professor at Harvard from 1946, retiring in 1977. Ahlfors won both the Fields medal in 1936 and the Wolf prize in 1981. Ahmes [Ahmes] Ahmes (1680BC-1620BC) Aida [Aida] Aida Yasuaki (1747-1817) Aiken [Aiken] Aiken Howard (1900-1973) Airy [Airy] Airy George (1801-1892) Aitken [Aitken] Aitken Alec (1895-1967) Ajima [Ajima] Ajima Naonobu (1732-1798) Akhiezer [Akhiezer] Akhiezer Naum Ilich (1901-1980) Albanese [Albanese] Albanese Giacomo (1890-1948) Albert [Albert] Albert of Saxony (1316-1390) AlbertAbraham [AlbertAbraham] Albert A Adrian (1905-1972) Alberti [Alberti] Alberti Leone (1404-1472) Albertus [Albertus] Albertus Magnus -
Strategies of Defending Astrology: a Continuing Tradition
Strategies of Defending Astrology: A Continuing Tradition by Teri Gee A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology University of Toronto © Copyright by Teri Gee (2012) Strategies of Defending Astrology: A Continuing Tradition Teri Gee Doctorate of Philosophy Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology University of Toronto 2012 Abstract Astrology is a science which has had an uncertain status throughout its history, from its beginnings in Greco-Roman Antiquity to the medieval Islamic world and Christian Europe which led to frequent debates about its validity and what kind of a place it should have, if any, in various cultures. Written in the second century A.D., Ptolemy’s Tetrabiblos is not the earliest surviving text on astrology. However, the complex defense given in the Tetrabiblos will be treated as an important starting point because it changed the way astrology would be justified in Christian and Muslim works and the influence Ptolemy’s presentation had on later works represents a continuation of the method introduced in the Tetrabiblos. Abû Ma‘shar’s Kitâb al- Madkhal al-kabîr ilâ ‘ilm ahk. âm al-nujûm, written in the ninth century, was the most thorough surviving defense from the Islamic world. Roger Bacon’s Opus maius, although not focused solely on advocating astrology, nevertheless, does contain a significant defense which has definite links to the works of both Abû Ma‘shar and Ptolemy. As such, he demonstrates another stage in the development of astrology. -
Adam and Seth in Arabic Medieval Literature: The
ARAM, 22 (2010) 509-547. doi: 10.2143/ARAM.22.0.2131052 ADAM AND SETH IN ARABIC MEDIEVAL LITERATURE: THE MANDAEAN CONNECTIONS IN AL-MUBASHSHIR IBN FATIK’S CHOICEST MAXIMS (11TH C.) AND SHAMS AL-DIN AL-SHAHRAZURI AL-ISHRAQI’S HISTORY OF THE PHILOSOPHERS (13TH C.)1 Dr. EMILY COTTRELL (Leiden University) Abstract In the middle of the thirteenth century, Shams al-Din al-Shahrazuri al-Ishraqi (d. between 1287 and 1304) wrote an Arabic history of philosophy entitled Nuzhat al-Arwah wa Raw∂at al-AfraÌ. Using some older materials (mainly Ibn Nadim; the ∑iwan al-Ìikma, and al-Mubashshir ibn Fatik), he considers the ‘Modern philosophers’ (ninth-thirteenth c.) to be the heirs of the Ancients, and collects for his demonstration the stories of the ancient sages and scientists, from Adam to Proclus as well as the biographical and bibliographical details of some ninety modern philosophers. Two interesting chapters on Adam and Seth have not been studied until this day, though they give some rare – if cursory – historical information on the Mandaeans, as was available to al-Shahrazuri al-Ishraqi in the thirteenth century. We will discuss the peculiar historiography adopted by Shahrazuri, and show the complexity of a source he used, namely al-Mubashshir ibn Fatik’s chapter on Seth, which betray genuine Mandaean elements. The Near and Middle East were the cradle of a number of legends in which Adam and Seth figure. They are presented as forefathers, prophets, spiritual beings or hypostases emanating from higher beings or created by their will. In this world of multi-millenary literacy, the transmission of texts often defied any geographical boundaries. -
18 Medidas.Indd
Número 17 - 18. Nueva época 1.er y 2.º semestre de 2018 AWRAQRevista de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e islámico contemporáneo AWRAQRevista de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e islámico contemporáneo DIRECCIÓN Pedro Martínez-Avial, director general de Casa Árabe CONSEJO DE REDACCIÓN Karim Hauser Elena González Nuria Medina Olivia Orozco Javier Rosón SECRETARÍA DE AWRAQ [email protected] WEB Y SUSCRIPCIÓN www.awraq.es EDITORES Casa Árabe. c/ Alcalá, 62. 28009 Madrid (España) www.casaarabe.es Nota: Los artículos de la parte central de este número de Awraq son resultado del encuentro multidisciplinar que tuvo lugar en la sede de Casa Árabe en Córdoba del 20 al 22 de septiembre de 2017, en colaboración con la Fundación Ramón Areces y bajo la dirección académica de Mònica Rius Piniés (Universidad de Barcelona) y Cristina de la Puente (CSIC), bajo el título «Ciencia en al- Ándalus». El presente volumen cuenta con la coordinación académica de la profesora de la sección de Estudios Árabes del Departamento de Filología Clásica, Románica y Semítica de la Universidad de Barcelona Mònica Rius-Piniés. Copyright © Casa Árabe © de los textos: sus autores. © de los anuncios: los anunciantes. Todos los derechos reservados. Gráfica: Hurra! Estudio ISSN: 0214-834X Depósito legal: M-40073-1978 Imprenta: Imprenta Tecé Número 17-18. Nueva época 1.er y 2.º semestre de 2018 CARTA DEL DIRECTOR 3 EL TEMA: CIENCIA EN AL-ÁNDALUS Introducción. Mònica Rius 5 La ciencia en al-Ándalus y su papel como puente entre la ciencia árabe y la europea. Julio Samsó 9 Los sabios de origen andalusí y su aportación a la ciencia otomana. -
Islom Ensiklopediyasi
Islom Ensiklopediyasi ISLOM ENSIKLOPEDIYASI Zuhriddin Husniddinov tahriri ostida Taqrizchi: akademik Ne’matulla Ibrohimov © «O’zbekiston milliy entsiklopediyasi» Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2004 LOTIN ALIFBOSI A B D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z O’ G’ Sh Ch - A - ABBOSIYLAR - arab xalifalari sulolasi (750-1258), Muhammad (sav) ning amakilari Abbos avlodlari. Abu Muslim qo‘zg‘oloni natijasida hokimiyat tepasiga kelgan. Dastlabki poytaxti - Kufa sh. "Saffoh" ("Xunrez") laqabi bilan mashhur bo‘lgan Abul Abbos Abdulloh sulolaning birinchi xalifasi edi. Ikkinchi xalifa Saffohning ukasi Abu Ja’far Mansur (754-775) Bag‘dod sh.ga asos solib, poytaxtni shu yerga ko‘chirdi. A. hukmronligining dastlabki davrida mulkchilik munosabatlari o‘sib, savdo-sotiq rivojlandi. Bag‘dod Sharqning yirik savdo markaziga aylandi, ilm-fan ravnaq topib, falsafa, matematika, tabiiyot va b. fanlarga oid ko‘plab asarlar yaratildi. Andalusiya (Ispaniya) dan tashqari butun musulmon mamlakatlari - Mag‘rib, Hindiston, Movarounnahr A. qo‘li ostiga o‘tdi. Bular xalifalikning iqtisodiy negizini, siyosiy va harbiy qudratini mustahkamladi. Ayniqsa Horun ar-Rashid va uning o‘g‘li Ma’mun zamoni A. sulolasining gullagan davri edi. 9-a.ning ikkinchi yarmidan boshlab A. xalifaligi zaiflasha boshladi, Afrikada ag‘labiylar, Misrda tuluniylar, Xuroson va Movarounnahrda somoniylar A. xalifaligidan ajrab chiqdilar. 10-a.ning boshiga kelib faqat Bag‘dod va uning atroflaridagina siyosiy hokimiyat A. qo‘lida qoldi. Harbiy kuchlar turk sarkardalari qo‘liga o‘tib ketdi. Ular xohlagan vaqtlarida xalifalarni almashtira olar edilar. 10-a. o‘rtalariga kelib A. siyosiy hokimiyatni tamoman qo‘ldan boy berib, musulmonlarning diniy xalifasi (payg‘ambar o‘rinbosari)gina bo‘lib qoldilar. -
The Early Ibn Ezra Supercommentaries: a Chapter in Medieval Jewish Intellectual History
Tamás Visi The Early Ibn Ezra Supercommentaries: A Chapter in Medieval Jewish Intellectual History Ph.D. dissertation in Medieval Studies Central European University Budapest April 2006 To the memory of my father 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 6 Introduction............................................................................................................................... 7 Prolegomena............................................................................................................................ 12 1. Ibn Ezra: The Man and the Exegete ......................................................................................... 12 Poetry, Grammar, Astrology and Biblical Exegesis .................................................................................... 12 Two Forms of Rationalism.......................................................................................................................... 13 On the Textual History of Ibn Ezra’s Commentaries .................................................................................. 14 Ibn Ezra’s Statement on Method ................................................................................................................. 15 The Episteme of Biblical Exegesis .............................................................................................................. 17 Ibn Ezra’s Secrets ....................................................................................................................................... -
Māshāʾallāh Ibn Atharī (Sāriya)
From: Thomas Hockey et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer Reference. New York: Springer, 2007, pp. 740-741 Courtesy of http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_907 Māshāʾallāh ibn Atharī (Sāriya) Ari Belenkiy Alternate name Messahala Died circa 815 Māshāʾallāh (from mā shāʾ Allāh, i. e., “that which God intends”) was a Jewish astrologer from Basra. Ibn al‐Nadīm says in his Fihrist that his name was Mīshā, meaning Yithro (Jethro). Māshāʾallāh was one of the leading astrologers in 8th‐ and early 9th‐century Baghdad under the caliphates from the time of al‐Manṣūr to Maʾmūn, and together with al‐Nawbakht worked on the horoscope for the foundation of Baghdad in 762. Ibn al‐Nadīm lists some 21 titles of works attributed to Māshāʾallāh; these are mostly astrological, but some deal with astronomical topics and provide us information (directly or indirectly) about sources (i. e., Persian, Syriac, and Greek) used during this period. This valuable information also comes from the Latin translations of some of Māshāʾallāh's works, some of which are no longer extant in Arabic. A selection of the works by Māshāʾallāh includes De scientia motus orbis (On Science of the Movement of Spheres), preserved in Latin translation, containing an introduction to astronomy as well as a study of Aristotle's Physics, both based on Syriac sources. Ptolemy and Theon of Alexandria are mentioned, but the planetary models are pre‐Ptolemaic Greek and similar to those found in 5th‐century Sanskrit texts, Kitāb fī al‐qirānāt wa‐ʾl‐adyān wa‐ʾl‐milal (A book on conjunctions, Religions, and communities), an astrological history of mankind, attempts to explain major changes based on conjunctions of Jupiter and Saturn; a discussion of eclipses is preserved in a Latin translation by John of Seville and a Hebrew translation by Abraham ibn ʿEzra, and a commentary on the armillary sphere. -
E Se O Berço Da Álgebra Fosse Islâmico, Ela Seria Terrorista?
E se o berço da Álgebra fosse islâmico, ela seria terrorista? SUMÁRIO APRESENTAÇÃO DO E-BOOK 4 RECOMENDAÇÕES DIDÁTICAS PARA USO DESSE E-BOOK 5 ESTRUTUTA DO CADERNO E OBJETIVOS 7 CAPÍTULO 1: O CONTEXTO ISLÂMICO MEDIEVAL 8 CAPÍTULO 2: O ESTUDIOSO ISLÂMICO AL-KHWARIZMI 17 CAPÍTULO 3: FOLHEANDO O LIVRO “ÁLGEBRA” DE AL-KHWARIZMI 20 REFERÊNCIAS 29 4 APRESENTAÇÃO DO E-BOOK O e-book E se o berço da Álgebra fosse islâmico, ela seria terrorista? é um recurso didático desenvolvido durante o mestrado profissional do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ensino de Ciências Naturais e Matemática (PPGECNM/CCET/UFRN), sob orientação da professora Dra. Bernadete Barbosa Morey. Esse material objetiva apresentar ao professor em formação inicial e/ou continuada o personagem histórico islâmico al-Khwarizmi, que viveu na transição dos séculos VIII-IX d. C, sua obra mais conhecida, a Álgebra, e o contexto histórico e cultural em que ele viveu e produziu sua obra. Apesar de ser relativamente fácil encontrar na internet informações sobre al- Khwarizmi, tais informações frequentemente são superficiais. Sendo assim, nosso intuito é tornar acessível ao professor um texto mais circunstanciado que dê cabo das informações sobre o contexto histórico, político e social em que viveu al-Khwarizmi, sobre o lugar onde ele produziu suas obras, assim como sobre sua obra matemática propriamente dita. O e-book foi organizado em três partes, sendo que a primeira parte destinada a apresentação do contexto do mundo islâmico, a segunda destinada a apresentação do estudioso al-Khwarizmi e por fim, a terceira destinada à descrição da Álgebra de al-Khwarizmi. -
Learn Islam in Your Language KALEMAH
Learn Islam in your language KALEMAH KALEMAH ISLAMIC CENTER is a community center for all. Kalemah was founded in 2007 and is managed by a Board of Emirati Nationals, an Executive Committee and a staff of over a dozen full- time employees. We operate based on charitable donations from philanthropic individuals, organizations and governmental bodies. We are a non profit organization officially registered under the Islamic Affairs and Charitable Activities Department (IACAD) Government of Dubai. Our Mission: To propagate the pristine, unadulterated teachings of Islam to Muslims and non-Muslims in Dubai in the most effective and appropriate way. Our Vision: The souls of a nation, connected to their Creator. Ikhtiṣār ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth By Ibn Kathīr (d.774H) All praise be to Allāh and may peace be upon His chosen slave. To proceed: Verily the science of the prophetic narrations, in which a group of scholars – old and new – have taken an interest in speaking about; like al-Hākim, al-Khatīb, those who preceded them from the scholars and those who came after from the Hufāz of this nation. It is from the most complete/important and beneficial sciences which I would love to comment on in a beneficial, comprehensive summarised manner to reach the benefits, and to make easy the obscure matters. The book that I relied upon to abridge is [by] al- Shaykh al-Imām al-Alāmah Abū Amr ibn al- Salāh – May Allāh encompass him with His mercy – from the well-known books amongst the students of this field, and maybe some of the skilful from the young have memorised it – treading behind him, to divide that which has been opened, to summarise that which has been explained, and to organise that which has preceded. -
Islamic Civilization: Astronomers, Mathematicians, Geographers
Selected Astronomers, Mathematicians, Geographers, and Cartographers in Islamic Civilization A website list of astronomers, mathematicians, geographers and cartographers within Islamic civilization is compiled below, whose cultures came from the Middle East, Central Asia, Spain and North Africa during and after the classical age of Islam, with Muslim, Christian, Jewish, or Sabean faith backgrounds. The SALAM Library also has resource books with encyclopedic articles or essays about the topic. A more comprehensive glossary of scientists including the names below appears in Jim Al- Khalili’s The House of Wisdom: How Arabic Science Saved Ancient Knowledge and Gave Us the Renaissance. New York: Penguin, 2011. Astronomers: Al- Battani - https://www.famousscientists.org/al-battani/ Al- Biruni - https://www.britannica.com/biography/al-Biruni Al- Fadl ibn Nawbakht - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Fadl_ibn_Naubakht Al- Farghani - http://www.muslimheritage.com/scholars/al-farghani Al- Fazari - http://www.muslimheritage.com/scholars/ibrahim-al-fazari Ibn al- Haythem - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ibn-al-Haytham Masha’Allah (Manasseh) - http://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/843096 Ibn al- Shatir- http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095955504 http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Ibn_al-Shatir_BEA.htm Al-Shirazi -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutb_al-Din_al-Shirazi Ibn Sina - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Avicenna Nasr al-Din al-Tusi- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nasir-al-Din-al-Tusi al –Urdi- http://www.muslimheritage.com/scholars/al-urdi -
Al-Khwarizmi, Abu'l-Hamid Ibn Turk and the Place of Central Asia in The
Al-Khwarizmi, Abu’l-Hamid Ibn Turk and the Place of Central Asia in the History of Science and Culture IMPORTANT NOTICE: Author: Prof. Dr. Aydin Sayili Chief Editor: Prof. Dr. Mohamed El-Gomati All rights, including copyright, in the content of this document are owned or controlled for these purposes by FSTC Limited. In Production: Amar Nazir accessing these web pages, you agree that you may only download the content for your own personal non-commercial use. You are not permitted to copy, broadcast, download, store (in any medium), transmit, show or play in public, adapt or Release Date: December 2006 change in any way the content of this document for any other purpose whatsoever without the prior written permission of FSTC Publication ID: 623 Limited. Material may not be copied, reproduced, republished, Copyright: © FSTC Limited, 2006 downloaded, posted, broadcast or transmitted in any way except for your own personal non-commercial home use. Any other use requires the prior written permission of FSTC Limited. You agree not to adapt, alter or create a derivative work from any of the material contained in this document or use it for any other purpose other than for your personal non-commercial use. FSTC Limited has taken all reasonable care to ensure that pages published in this document and on the MuslimHeritage.com Web Site were accurate at the time of publication or last modification. Web sites are by nature experimental or constantly changing. Hence information published may be for test purposes only, may be out of date, or may be the personal opinion of the author.