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THE V OF PUBLISHED BY THE ASSOCIATION FOR ASIAN STUDIES, INC. Volume XXXVI, Number i November 1976 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.219, on 25 Sep 2021 at 18:54:20, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911800078852 The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. i Lane Hall, The University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 Officers of the Association. President: MARIUS B. JANSEN. Princeton University. Vice President: JOHN M E( HOLS. Cornell University. Secretary-Treasurer: RHOADS MURPHEY. University of Michigan. Editor, Journal of Asian Studies: RALPH W. NICHOLAS. University of Chicago. Editor, Monographs, Occasional Papers, and Reference Series: PAUL WHEATLEY. University of Chicago. And the Board of Directors. Board of Directors. President. Vice President, and Secretary-Treasurer; Past President: PING-TI HO. University of Chicago. 1974-1977: DANIEL S. LEV, University of Washington: Tsi'LiN MEI. Cornell University: JOHN MESKILL fat large), Barnard College: ROBERT K SAKAI. University of Hauah: and W HOWARD WRIGGINS, Columbia University. 1975-1978: CAROLYN M. ELLIOTT. Welles/ey College: CHAR- LOTTE FL'RTH (at large), California Slate University, Long Beach: MARLEIGH G. RYAN. University of Iowa; LYMAN P. VAN SLYKE, Stanford University; and PALL WHEATLEY, University of Chicago. 1976-1979: PAUL A. COHEN (at large), Wellesley College; HILDRED GEERTZ, Princeton University; Sl'SAN L. Hi'NT- INGTON. Ohio Slate University; EVELYN S. RAWSKI, University of Pittsburgh; and HIROSHI WAGATSUMA, University of California, Los Angeles. Executive Committee. President, Vice President. Past President, and Secretary-Treasurer; Chair. China and Inner Asia Regional Council: ROBERT A. KAPP, University of Washington; Chair, Northeast ASM Regional Council: MARLENE J. MAYO, University of Maryland; Chair. South Asia Regional Council: HAROLD A. GOULD. University of Illinois; and Chair, Southeast Asia Regional Council: PAIL WHEATLEY, University of Chicago. Past Presidents. ARTHUR W. HUMMEL (1948). Library of Congress. CHARLES S. GARDNER (1949I. Harvard University. HAROLD S. QriCLEV (1950). University of Minnesota. ROBERT B. HALL (1951), University of Michigan. RUPERT EMERSON (1952). Harvard University. FELIX M. KEESING (1953), Stanford University. KENNETH S I.ATOURETTE (1954), Yale University. EDWIN O. REISCHAUER (1955). Harvard University. L. CARRINGTON GOODRICH (1956), Columbia University. HUGH BORTON (1957). Columbia University. JOHN K. FAIRBANK (1958), Harvard University. GEORGE B. CRESSEY (1959). Syracuse Univer- sity. W. NORMAN BROWN (i960). University of Pennsylvania. LAURISTON SHARP (1961). Cornell Univer- sity. EARL H. PRITCHARD (1962), University of Chicago. WILLIAM W LOC.KWOOD (1963), Princeton University. ARTHUR F. WRIGHT (1964). Yale University. KNIGHT BIGGERSTAEF (1965), Cornell University. KARLJ. PELZER (1966), Yale University. JOHN W. HALL (1967), Yale University. HOI.DEN FURBER (1968). University of Pennsylvania. W. THEODORE DE BARY (1969), Columbia University. CORA DUBOIS (1970). Harvard University. C. MARTIN WILBUR (1971). Columbia University. ROBERT E. WARD (1972). University of Michigan. GEORGE McT. KAHIN (1973), Cornell University. RICHARD D. LAMBERT (1974). University of Pennsylvania. PING-TI HO (197V. University of Chicago. Staff of the Association. CAROL JEAN JOHNSON, Administrative Officer. VICTORIA G. SPANG. Comptroller. GAY Cox, Journal Advertising and Records Supervisor. MARGARET BEARDSI.EY. Membership Secretary The Journal of Asian Studies Formerly the Far Eastern Quarterly University of Chicago, 1126 East 59th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Editor: RALPH W. NICHOLAS, University of Chicago. Associate Editor: BERNARD S. SILBERMAN. Univer- sity of Chicago. Assistant Editors: China. ROXANE WITKE. State University of New York, Btnghamton; ANTHONY C. YU. I'mversity of Chicago. Japan, KAREN W BRAZEI.L. Cornell University. South Asia. JOHN F RICHARDS. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Southeast Asia. DAVID K. WYATT. Cornell University. Book Review Editors: China and Inner Asia. ROBERT A. KAPP. University of Washington. Korea, E. DAVID ROCKSTEIN. Indiana University, Bloomington. Southeast Asia, ALFRED B HUDSON. University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Editorial Assistant: AMY ARNETT KNOESPEL. Manuscript Editor: MARTA R. NICHOLAS. Sponsoring Institutions: The University of Michigan The University of Chicago Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.219, on 25 Sep 2021 at 18:54:20, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911800078852 Vol. XXXVI, No. i November 1976 CONTENTS Articles 5 A Philosophy of Hindu Rank from Rural West Bengal MARVIN DAVIS 25 Parish Guilds and Political Culture in Village Japan WINSTON DAVIS 37 NishioSuehiro and the Japanese Social Democratic STEPHENS, LARGE Movement, 1920-1940 57 Economic Concentration and Monopoly in Japan— EUGENR ROTWEIN A Second View 79 The Cultural Bases of Factional Alignment and Division J. BRUCE JACOBS in a Rural Taiwanese Township 99 Workers' Politics in Shanghai I.YNN T. WHITE HI Book Reviews Asia General 117 CHENERY AND SYRQUIN, Patterns of Development 7930-/970 GEORGE ROSEN ERB AND KALLAB (eds.), Beyond Dependency: The Developing World Speaks Out 119 BOY D, Satan and Mara FRANK E. REYNOLDS 120 SHAFTEL. An Understanding of the Buddha L. s. COUSINS 121 i.iu ET Ai.. (eds.), K'uei Hsing: A Repository of FRANCIS A. WESTBROOK Asian Literature in Translation Central Asia JOHN STREET 121 LiGETi (ed.), Researches in Altaic Languages Articles in the Journal of Asian Studies represent neither the views of the Association for Asian Studies nor those of the Editors. The Editor is responsible for the final selection of the content of the Journal and reserves the right to reject any material deemed inappropriate for publication. Responsibility for opinions expressed and for the accuracy of facts published in articles rests solely with the individual authors. COPYRIGHT © 1976 BY THE ASSOCIATION FOR ASIAN STUDIES, INC. All Rights Reserved Requests for permission to reprint should be directed to the Secretariat. The Journal is indexed in the Social Sciences 6 Humanities Index and Book Review Index and abstracted in Historical Abstracts and Amlrica: History and Life. It is also available on film through Univer- sity Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.219, on 25 Sep 2021 at 18:54:20, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911800078852 THE JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES China 123 CREEL, Shen Pu-hai IGNATIUS J. H. TS AO 124 BODDE, Festivals in Classical China JACK L. DULL 126 1.0, The Life and Thought of Yeh Shih GEORGE HATCH 127 HAEGER (ed.), Crisis and Prosperity in Sung China CONSTANCE A. JOHNSON 129 SO, Japanese Piracy in Ming China during the 16th EDWARD L. DREYER Century 130 OXNAM, Ruling from Horseback: Manchu Politics in the H. LYMAN MILLER Oboi Regency, 1661-1669 BRYANT AVERY 131 FAY, The Opium War 1840-1842 MARILYN B. YOUNG 132 FAIRBANK (ed.), The Missionary Enterprise in China and America EDWARD FRIEDMAN 135 HSIEH, Chinese Historiography on the Revolution of 1911 ROBERT A. KAPP 136 1.1, The Japanese Army in North China, 1937-11)41 KUN CHANG 137 DOBSON, A Dictionary of the Chinese Particles DAVID R. KNECHTGES 138 POKORA (trans.), Hsin-lun (New Treatise) and Other Writings by Huan T'an EDWARD H. SCHAFER 139 OWEN, The Poetry of Meng Chiao and Han Yii 140 GIBBS AND Li, A Bibliography of Studies and Translations FREDERICK P. BRANDAUF.R of Modern Chinese Literature NANCY J. OI.SEN 141 KESSEN (ed.), Childhood in China SHERMAN G. COCHRAN 142 PERKINS (ed.), China's Modern Economy in Historical Perspective Japan J. PAS 145 FUJIWARA, The Way to Nirvana: The Concept of the MARLEIGH GRAYER RYAN Nembutsu in Shan-tao's Pure Land Buddhism PAUL MCCARTHY 146 INOUE, The Roof Tile ofTempyo KENNETH I.. RICHARD 148 TAKAHASHI, Poems of a Penisist LAWRENCE OLSON 149 KIJIMA (ed.), The Poetry of Postwar Japan LAWRENCE F. ROSENSWEIG 150 CARY (ed.), War-Wasted Asia: Letters 1945-46 HIROSH1 WAGATSUMA 152 PALMORE, The Honorable Elders 153 PLATH (ed.), Adult Episodes in Japan Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.219, on 25 Sep 2021 at 18:54:20, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911800078852 154 MASSEY, Youth and Politics in Japan ELLIS S. KRAUSS 155 FRANK (ed.), The Japanese Economy in International SOLOMON B. I.EVINE Perspective 157 ODAKA, Toward Industrial Democracy: Management and KOYA AZUMI Workers in Modern Japan South Asia ASHIN DAS GUPTA 158 PEARSON, Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat M. ATHAR AI.I 160 RICHARDS, Mughal Administration in Golconda M. N. PEARSON 161 SHERWANI ANDJOSHI (eds.), History of Medieval Deccan, 1295-1724. Volume II: Mainly Cultural Aspects 162 DAYANANDA, Manohar Malgonkar I.EEI.A WOOD 164 KOHM (ed.), Modern Indian Short Stories: An Anthology SURJIT DUI.AI NANDY (ed.), Modern Indian Poetry 165 KARNANI, Nissim Ezekiel KARINF. SCHOMER 165 SASTRI, Ananda K. Coomaraswamy RICHARD A. PERRY 166 HARI.E, Gupta Sculpture MICHAEL W. MEISTF.R 167 BAI.ASUBRAHMANYAM, Early Chola Temples MICHAEL W. MEISTER VENKATARAMAN, Laddigam (A Later Chola Temple) NATARAJAN, The City of the Cosmic Dance: Chidambaram 168
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  • Notes and References

    Notes and References

    Notes and References Introduction 1. T.H. Marshall, Class, Citizenship and Social Development (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1965), p. 72. 1 The Asian Order 1. They captured the last of the Abbasid caliphs and, to avoid offending heaven by shedding the blood of princes, put him in a sack to be trampled to death by horses. They also destroyed Mesopotamia’s ancient irrigation systems with effects lasting to the present day. 2. Meaning ‘divine wind’. The same word was used, almost seven centuries later, for the suicide flyers who tried to stem attacks on Japan in the closing months of the Second World War. They caused heavy losses to the US fleet. 3. The Serb military aristocracy quickly became a standard part of the Ottoman forces – quite contrary to later south Slav mythology. 4. Trade took time to develop, as the Mongols had destroyed the trading cities of Central Asia and slaughtered their inhabitants, except for useful artisans who were carted off to the Far East. 5. cf. Louis Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne 1403–33 (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994). 6. Clearly, if China’s 1980s and 1990s policies of one-child families succeeded, within a couple of generations Chinese children would have no brothers, sisters, aunts, uncles or cousins. The inherited structures of Chinese society would disintegrate. 7. Was that cultural imperialism? V.S. Naipaul has commented that: A convert’s world view alters. His holy places are in Arab lands; his sacred language is Arabic. His idea of history alters.