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Scarabs and Cylinders with Names
BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN EGYPT AND EGYPTIAN RESEARCH ACCOUNT TWENTY-FIRST YEAR, 1915 SCARABS AND CYLINDERS WITH NAMES ILLUSTRATED BY THE EGYPTIAN COLLECTION IN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON BY W. M. FLINDERS PETRIE HON. D.C.L., LL.D., L1TT.D.. F.R.S., F.B.A., HON. F.S.A. (SCOT.), A.R.I.B.A. MEMBER OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY MEMBER OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF ANTHROPOLOGY MEMBER OF THE ROMAN SOCIETY OF ANTHROPOLOGY MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY OF NORTHERN ANTIQUARIES MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN PIIILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY BDWARDS PROFESSOR OF EGYPTOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON LONDON SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN EGYPT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, GOWER STREET, W.C. AND CONSTABLE (G CO. LTD., 10 ORANGE STREET, LEICESTER SQUARE AND BERNARD QUARITCH, 11 GRAFTON STREET, NEW BOND STREET '917 PRINTED BY =*=ELL, WATSON AND VINEY, L~., LONDON AND AYLESBURY. BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN EGYPT AND EGYPTIAN RESEARCH ACCOUNT GENERAL COMMITTEE (*Bxecutiz~z ibfenibsus) Hon. JOHN ABERCROMBY Prof. PERCYGARDNCR *J. G. MILNE WALTERRALLY Rt. Hon. Sir G. T. GOLDIE KOBERTMOND HENRYBALFOUR Prof. GOWLAND Prof. MONTAGUE Rev. Dr. T. G. BONNEY Mrs. J. R. GREEN WALTERMORRISON Prof. R. C. BOSANQUET Rt. Hon. F.-M. LORDGRENFELL *Miss M. A. MURRAY Rt. Hon. VISCOIJNT BRYCEOF Mrs. F. LL. GRIFFITH Prof. P. E. NEWBERRY DECHMONT Dr. A. C. HADDON His Grace the DUKE OF Dr. R. M. BURROWS Dr. JESSE HAWORTH NORTHUMBERLAND. "Prof. J. B. BURY(Cliairr~~an) Rev. Dr. A. C. HEADLAM F. W. PERCIVAL *SOMERSCLARKE D. G. HOGARTH Dr. PINCHES EowARn CLODD Sir H. H. HOWORTH Dr. G. W. PROTHERO Prof. BOYDDAWKINS Baron A. -
Magic in Ancient Egypt *ISBN 0292765592*
MAGIC IN ANCIENT EGYPT Geraldine Pinch British Museum Press © 1994 Geraldine Pinch Published by British Museum Press A division of British Museum Publications 46 Bloomsbury Street, London WCiB 3QQ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record of this tide is available from the British Library ISBN O 7141 0979 I Designed by Behram Kapadia Typeset by Create Publishing Services Printed in Great Britain by The Bath Press, Avon COVER Detail of faience plaque showing the protective lion-demon, Bes, c. ist century AD. FRONTISPIECE and BACK COVER One of the giant baboon statues in the area of the ruined temple of Thoth at Hermopolis, I4th century BC. Hermopolis was famous as a centre of magical knowledge. Contents Acknowledgements 7 1 EGYPTIAN MAGIC 9 2 MYTH AND MAGIC 18 3 DEMONS AND SPIRITS 3 3 4 MAGICIANS AND PRIESTS 47 5 WRITTEN MAGIC 61 6 MAGICAL TECHNIQUES 76 7 MAGIC FIGURINES AND STATUES 90 8 AMULETS 104 9 FERTILITY MAGIC 120 10 MEDICINE AND MAGIC 133 11 MAGIC AND THE DEAD 147 12 THE LEGACY OF EGYPTIAN MAGIC 161 Glossary 179 Notes 181 Bibliography 183 Illustration Acknowledgements 18 6 Index 187 Acknowledgements o general book on Egyptian magic can be written without drawing on the specialised knowledge of many scholars, and N most particularly on the work of Professor J. F. Borghouts and his pupils at Leiden. The recent translations of the Graeco-Egyptian magical papyri by a group of scholars including H. D. Betz and J. H. Johnson are essential reading for anyone interested in Egyptian magic. I gratefully acknowledge the inspiration provided by a seminar series on Egyptian magic held at Cambridge University in 1991; especially the contributions of John Baines, Janine Bourriau, Mark Collier and John Ray. -
HERMES AEGYPTIACUS. Egyptological Studies for B.H. Stricker On
67 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LIV N° 1/2, januari-april 1997 68 J. Janssen (Carrying Torches) propose de traduire par «porter des flambeaux» une expression rare des ostraca de Deir el Medineh (fj mhd) qui apparaît parfois en relation avec des manifestations de protestation. L. Kákosy (Ouroboros on magical healing statues) réunit FARAONISCH EGYPTE quelques exemples du motif du serpent qui se mord la queue, dont deux inédits d’une statue de Naples. HERMES AEGYPTIACUS. Egyptological Studies for B.H. M. Malaise (Le persea, l’olivier, le lierre et la palme dans Stricker on his 85th birthday. Edited by Terence la religion égyptienne tardive) rassemble une abondante DuQuesne, Oxford, DE Publications, 1995 = Discussions documentation sur l’usage que l’on fait de ces quatre végé- in Egyptology Special Number, 2. (15 ≈ 21 cm; 189 p., taux dans la symbolique funéraire par suite de leur caractère frontispiece = portrait, fig., ill.). ISBN 0-9510704-6-0; sempervirent. Pr. £ 40. D. Meeks (Le foie, Maât et la nature humaine) étudie la signification du foie (mizt) dans la mythologie et la métapho- Ce recueil consacré par les soins de Terence Duquesne rique égyptienne. Il note l’équivalence de Maât et du foie de aux 85 ans de B.H. Stricker porte un titre significatif: l’Her- Râ, la fonction de l’organe comme siège de la personnalité mès égyptien, en fait, ne serait-il pas le Jubilaire lui-même, intime et de la vitalité. Le foie, sans être mentionné expressé- qui a consacré tant de travaux subtils à l’interprétation des ment, semble être la relique osirienne du 11e nome de HE, et écrits les plus «hermétiques» de la littérature religieuse est apparemment attribué à la 7e heure de la nuit dans une liste égyptienne? Il ne saurait être question dans le compte rendu décrivant le passage du soleil à travers le corps, selon une de ces mélanges que de signaler rapidement le contenu des inscription astronomique de l’Osireion d’Abydos. -
Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
Journal of Egyptian Archaeology Past and present members of the staff of the Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Stelae, Reliefs and Paintings, especially R. L. B. Moss and E. W. Burney, have taken part in the analysis of this periodical and the preparation of this list at the Griffith Institute, University of Oxford This pdf version (situation on 14 July 2010): Jaromir Malek (Editor), Diana Magee, Elizabeth Fleming and Alison Hobby (Assistants to the Editor) Naville in JEA I (1914), pl. I cf. 5-8 Abydos. Osireion. vi.29 View. Naville in JEA I (1914), pl. ii [1] Abydos. Osireion. Sloping Passage. vi.30(17)-(18) Osiris and benu-bird from frieze. see Peet in JEA i (1914), 37-39 Abydos. Necropolis. v.61 Account of Cemetery D. see Peet in JEA i (1914), 39 Abydos. Necropolis. Ibis Cemetery. v.77 Description. see Loat in JEA i (1914), 40 and pl. iv Abydos. Necropolis. Ibis Cemetery. v.77 Description and view. Blackman in JEA i (1914), pl. v [1] opp. 42 Meir. Tomb of Pepiankh-h. ir-ib. iv.254 View. Blackman in JEA i (1914), pl. v [2] opp. 42 Meir. Tomb of Pepiankh-h. ir-ib. iv.255(16) Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Stelae, Reliefs and Paintings Griffith Institute, Sackler Library, 1 St John Street, Oxford OX1 2LG, United Kingdom [email protected] 2 Group with calf from 2nd register. Petrie in JEA i (1914), pl. vi cf. 44 El-Riqqa. Finds. iv.87 Part of jewellery, temp. -
Early Dynastic Egypt
EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT Toby A.H.Wilkinson London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. © 1999 Toby A.H.Wilkinson All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt/Toby A.H.Wilkinson p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.378) and index. 1. Egypt—History—To 332 B.C. I. Title DT85.W49 1999 932′.012–dc21 98–35836 CIP ISBN 0-203-02438-9 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-20421-2 (Adobe e-Reader Format) ISBN 0-415-18633-1 (Print Edition) For Benjamin CONTENTS List of plates ix List of figures x Prologue xii Acknowledgements xvii PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Egyptology and the Early Dynastic Period 2 2 Birth of a Nation State 23 3 Historical Outline 50 PART II THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORITY 4 Administration 92 5 Foreign Relations 127 6 Kingship 155 7 Royal Mortuary Architecture 198 8 Cults and -
Algol As Horus in the Cairo Calendar: the Possible Means and the Motives of the Observations
Open Astron. 2018; 27: 232–263 Research Article Sebastian Porceddu*, Lauri Jetsu, Tapio Markkanen, Joonas Lyytinen, Perttu Kajatkari, Jyri Lehtinen, and Jaana Toivari-Viitala Algol as Horus in the Cairo Calendar: the possible means and the motives of the observations https://doi.org/10.1515/astro-2018-0033 Received Feb 15, 2018; accepted May 04, 2018 Abstract: An ancient Egyptian Calendar of Lucky and Unlucky Days, the Cairo Calendar (CC), assigns luck with the period of 2.850 days. Previous astronomical, astrophysical and statistical analyses of CC support the idea that this was the period of the eclipsing binary Algol three millennia ago. However, next to nothing is known about who recorded Algol’s period into CC and especially how. Here, we show that the ancient Egyptian scribes had the possible means and the motives for such astronomical observations. Their principles of describing celestial phenomena as activity of gods reveal why Algol received the title of Horus Keywords: Algol, Horus, ancient Egyptian Astronomy, variable stars, the Cairo Calendar, hemerologies 1 Introduction ies (Porceddu et al., 2008; Jetsu et al., 2013; Jetsu and Porceddu, 2015), we use only the best preserved continuous calendar which is found on pages recto III-XXX and verso The ancient Egyptian texts known as the Calendars of I-IX of papyrus Cairo 86637.The other texts and fragments Lucky and Unlucky Days, or hemerologies, are literary contained in the same papyrus are ignored from this analy- works that assign prognoses to each day of the Egyp- sis because the connection of these fragments to the main tian year (Wells, 2001a, p117-118), (Leitz, 1994, p1-2) (Bacs, calendar is not apparent and we do not know what year 1990, p41-45) (Troy, 1989, p127-147) and (Helck et al., 1975– they describe, so combining any data points from these 1992, p156). -
Us Vs. Them: Dualism and the Frontier in History
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2004 Us vs. them: Dualism and the frontier in history. Jonathan Joseph Wlasiuk The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Wlasiuk, Jonathan Joseph, "Us vs. them: Dualism and the frontier in history." (2004). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5242. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5242 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY The University of Montana Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. **Please check "Yes” or "No" and provide signature** Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission Author’s Signature: Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author’s explicit consent. 8/98 US VS. THEM: DUALISM AND THE FRONTIER IN HISTORY by Jonathan Joseph Wlasiuk B.A. The Ohio State University, 2002 presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts The University of Montana April 2004 Approved by: lairperson Dean, Graduate School Date UMI Number: EP40706 AH rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
Algol As Horus in the Cairo Calendar 233 Radius Than Algol A
Open Astron. 2018; 27: 232–264 Research Article Sebastian Porceddu*, Lauri Jetsu, Tapio Markkanen, Joonas Lyytinen, Perttu Kajatkari, Jyri Lehtinen, and Jaana Toivari-Viitala Algol as Horus in the Cairo Calendar: the possible means and the motives of the observations https://doi.org/10.1515/astro-2018-0033 Received Feb 15, 2018; accepted May 04, 2018 Abstract: An ancient Egyptian Calendar of Lucky and Unlucky Days, the Cairo Calendar (CC), assigns luck with the period of 2.850 days. Previous astronomical, astrophysical and statistical analyses of CC support the idea that this was the period of the eclipsing binary Algol three millennia ago. However, next to nothing is known about who recorded Algol’s period into CC and especially how. Here, we show that the ancient Egyptian scribes had the possible means and the motives for such astronomical observations. Their principles of describing celestial phenomena as activity of gods reveal why Algol received the title of Horus Keywords: Algol, Horus, ancient Egyptian Astronomy, variable stars, the Cairo Calendar, hemerologies 1 Introduction dated to 1271-1163 B.C. (Bakir 1966, p2-5), (Van Walsem 1982, p233) and (Helck et al. 1975–1992, p156), and pub- lished by Abd el-Mohsen Bakir. As in all our three pre- The ancient Egyptian texts known as the Calendars of vious studies (Porceddu et al. 2008; Jetsu et al. 2013; Lucky and Unlucky Days, or hemerologies, are literary Jetsu and Porceddu 2015), we use only the best preserved works that assign prognoses to each day of the Egyptian continuous calendar which is found on pages recto III- year (Wells 2001a, p117-118), (Leitz 1994, p1-2) (Bacs XXX and verso I-IX of papyrus Cairo 86637. -
On-Going Investigations at the Predynastic to Early Dynastic Site of Kafr Hassan Dawood: Copper, Exchange and Tephra
On-going Investigations at the Predynastic to Early Dynastic site of Kafr Hassan Dawood: Copper, Exchange and Tephra Fekri A. Hassan, Université française d’Égypte, Cairo, Egypt Geoffrey J. Tassie, TOPOI Excellence Cluster, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany Thilo Rehren, UCL Qatar, Qatar Joris van Wetering, United Kingdom1 Continued analysis of material – primarily for certain graves dug into this layer in the ceramic – excavated during the 1990s at the south of the site that did not have any grave Predynastic to Early Dynastic cemetery site goods and has also given a terminus ante quem of Kafr Hassan Dawood (KHD) in the Wadi for all the graves below this layer. Archaeomet- Tumilat has allowed seven phases of use to be allurgical analysis of a copper bowl from grave identifi ed. Th is process has been greatly helped 913 has shown that it was made of arsenical by the acquisition of further archival material copper, which probably came from the Sinai. of the 1989 to 1995 excavations. Th e assigning Th e large amount of copper artefacts found at of these phases was also aided by the dating KHD may indicate its function as a node on of tephra from a layer covering First Dynasty the interregional exchange network between graves; it has provided a terminus post quem the Sinai and the Memphite region. 1. Thanks to Dr Victoria Smith (University of Oxford, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art) for her analysis of the tephra and Prof. Arlene Rosen (Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin) for her analysis of the phytoliths. -
Ä G Y P T I S C H E
Ä g y p t i s c h e Geschichte Ä g y p t e n Ägyptische Genealogie und Geschichte nach Erkenntnis von Gotthard Matysik Pharao Tutanchamun Pharaonen-Thron Nofretete Ägyptologen: Champollion Jean Francois (Franzose), entzifferte 1822 die ägyptischen Hieroglyphen Belzoni (Italiener), der Sammler Lepsius (Deutscher), der Ordner Mariette (Franzose), der Bewahrer Petrie (Engländer), der Messende u. Deuter Schlögl (Schweiz) Historiker der Geschichte Ägyptens: Manetho, ägyptischer Hohepriester in Heliopolis, * in Sebennytos im 3. Jahrhundert v. Chr., Verfasser einer nicht original überlieferten Pharaonengeschichte mit ihrer Einteilung in 30 Dynastien. Diodorus Sicullus, aus Sizilien, griechischer Historiker, 1. Jahrhundert v. Chr., Verfasser einer ägyptischen Geschichte Prf. Kenneth Kitchen (Ägyptologe). Verfasser des „The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt“ von 1973 Dr. David Rohl, Verfasser von „Pharaonen u. Propheten“ u. „Das Alte Testament auf dem Prüfstand“ von 1996 Herrscher in ä g y p t e n Stufenmastaba von König Djoser Felsentempel von Abu Simbel Das Schwarze Land (ägyptisch: Kemet) war der Wohnsitz des Horus, eines lebenden Königs u. seiner göttlichen Mutter Isis. Das Rote Land (ägyptisch: Deschret), die riesige Wüste, das Reich der Gefahr u. des Unheils, regiert von Seth (ägyptisch: Set Sutech), dem Gott des Chaos. Pharao (Titel) = par-o = großes Tor (ähnlich der „hohen Pforte) Vordynastische Periode vor 3200 bis 3150 vor Chr. um 3400 v. Chr. Onyxkopfstandarte Fingerschnecke Fisch Pen-abu um 3300 Elefant Funde könnten seinen Namen tragen, Lesung unsicher. Stier um 3250 Rinderkopfstandarte, vermutl. Kleinkönig von Skorpion I. besiegt. Skorpion I. um 3250 v. Chr. Skorpion I. in Oberägypten. Schrift und Bewässerungsanlagen wurden eingeführt. Grab in Abydos 1988 entdeckt. -
Ecclesiastes (1987)
ISBN 0-664-22803-8 ,!7IA6G4-cciadd!:t;K;k;K;k 6.00 x 9.00 6.00 x 9.00 .441 ,!7IA6G4-cciadd! BH JAMES L. CRENSHAW ECCLESIASTES THE OLD TESTAMENT LIBRARY General Editors PETER ACKROYD, University of London JAMES BARR, Oxford University BERNHARD W. ANDERSON, Princeton Theological Seminary JAMES L. MAYS, Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Virginia Advisory Editor JOHN BRIGHT, Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Virginia JAMES L. CRENSHAW A Commentary THE WESTMINSTER PRESS PHILADELPHIA © 1987 James L. Crenshaw All rights reserved-no part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review in magazine or newspaper. Scripture quotations from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible are copy righted 1946, 1952, © 1971, 1973 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. and are used by permis sion. Excerpts from James B. Pritchard, ed., The Ancient Near East: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures, copyright© 1958 by Princeton University Press, are reprinted by permission of the publishers. Book design by Gene Harris First edition Published by The Westminster Press® Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 98765432 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Crenshaw, James L. Ecclesiastes : a commentary. (The Old Testament library) Bibliography: p. 1. Bible. O.T. Ecclesiastes-Commentaries. I. Title. II. Series. BS1475.3.C74 1987 -
Thinking About Archeoastronomy
Thinking about Archeoastronomy Noah Brosch The Wise Observatory and the Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69972, Israel Abstract I discuss various aspects of archeoastronomy concentrating on physical artifacts (i.e., not including ethno-archeoastronomy) focusing on the period that ended about 2000 years ago. I present examples of artifacts interpreted as showing the interest of humankind in understanding celestial phenomena and using these to synchronize calendars and predict future celestial and terrestrial events. I stress the difficulty of identifying with a high degree of confidence that these artifacts do indeed pertain to astronomy and caution against the over-interpretation of the finds as definite evidence. With these in mind, I point to artifacts that seem to indicate a human fascination with megalithic stone circles and megalithic alignments starting from at least 11000 BCE, and to other items presented as evidence for Neolithic astronomical interests dating to even 20000 BCE or even before. I discuss the geographical and temporal spread of megalithic sites associated with astronomical interpretations searching for synchronicity or for a possible single point of origin. A survey of a variety of artifacts indicates that the astronomical development in antiquity did not happen simultaneously at different locations, but may be traced to megalithic stone circles and other megalithic structures with possible astronomical connections originating in the Middle East, specifically in the Fertile Crescent area. The effort of ancient societies to erect these astronomical megalithic sites and to maintain a corpus of astronomy experts does not appear excessive. Key words: archeoastronomy, megaliths, stone circles, alignments Introduction This paper deals with “archeoastronomy” in a restricted sense.