LUPUS WARRIOR Nick Cannon Lives with Lupus—And Has Never Been Busier PG

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July/August 2016 $4.95

HOW PTSD CAN AFFECT ANYONE— NOT JUST VETERANS PG. 54 MEN’S HEALTH

T Therapy Risks HEALTHY and Benefits BEAUTY pg. 16

Pretty Feet for FOOD Summer FAMILY & pg. 21 PARENTING The Great Does Your Kid Join Seth and Lauren Zucchini Miller Rogen to pg. 59 CHECKUP Need Therapy? pg. 42 raise awareness for Alzheimer's. Why You Need PAGE 23 Vaccines pg. 61

LIVING HEALTHY

Can You Train Your Brain? pg. 18 LUPUS WARRIOR Nick Cannon lives with lupus—and has never been busier PG. 48 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Contents FEATURES

Pg. 48

Download WebMD Magazine Fighting for FREE on the App Store and Through Google Play. In 2012, actor, comedian, and musician Nick Cannon

was diagnosed with lupus. Today, he’s never been busier.

In addition to hosting America’s Got Talent, and ONCE I GOT working on a seemingly CONTROL ... endless list of projects, he I FELT LIKE“ makes time to raise aware- LIVING“ WITH ness about lupus and inspires others living with LUPUS MADE a chronic disease. ME A BETTER PERSON.

PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder not only afflicts IN EVERY ISSUE soldiers and others in war zones. Anyone who Pg. is touched by trauma can 5 develop this devastating EDITOR’S NOTE condition. But many TAKE 10 people don't know about Pro baseball player civilian PTSD and that Anthony Rizzo knows treatment can help. about winning—on the field and off. A cancer survivor, he opens Pg. up about how the disease changed him, and reveals his secrets 54 for staying in shape year-round.

Pg.

CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: STEVEN BRAHMS; JIM MCISAAC/GETTY IMAGES; BRIAN STAUFFER BRIAN IMAGES; MCISAAC/GETTY JIM BRAHMS; STEVEN LEFT: TOP FROM CLOCKWISE 66

Cover photograph by Steven Brahms W ebMD.COM 2 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Contents JULY/AUGUST 2016

HEALTHY START HOT TOPICS: The sneaky reason you may be eating too much cake, new concerns about e-cigarettes, the effects of coffee Pg. on your brain as you age, and more news you can use.

7 LIVING HEALTHY WEBMD ON THE STREET: Our experts come to the rescue of a park ranger looking for snack ideas and safety tips for her Pg. work outdoors. • MEN’S HEALTH: Weigh the benefits and risks of testosterone therapy. • WORK IT OUT: Get fit while staying cool—hit the pool! • MIND MATTERS: Is it possible to change 13 your brain? Research indicates yes—with training.

HEALTHY BEAUTY Pg. EXPERT PICKS: Summer sun and heat can harm your skin. Our expert's tips and product suggestions have you 19 covered. • BEAUTY SMARTS: How to keep your feet healthy and looking great all summer long. Plus: Aisle Do and Dirty Secret

Pg. FAMILY & PARENTING PREGNANCY: Simple ways for expectant moms to survive 39 summer heat and humidity. • BABY TALK: Need-to-know info about potentially harmful chemicals in your home. • KIDS' HEALTH: Anxiety is the most common psychiatric disorder in kids. Learn how to get help. • PARENTING: Secrets to Pg. raising an unselfish child. • PET HEALTH: Hot weather can 58 be dangerous for your pets. Know what to watch for. FOOD IN SEASON: Delicious, nutritious, and versatile, zucchini is the star of three standout summer recipes.

Seth Rogen and Lauren Miller Rogen go for the laughs Pg. 23 LOOK INSIDE! with a college fundraising contest for Alzheimer’s disease research. Plus, acne myths busted, veggie diet options, pot and prescription drug warnings, and plenty of other news for students heading back to campus.

WEBMD CHECKUP Pg. Vaccines save lives and prevent disease—and they aren’t just for kids. • BY THE NUMBERS: We take a closer look at cataracts. • LIVING WELL: Learn how to keep psoriasis 61 flare-ups in check. • YOUR SMILE: Why dentists are often the first to spot sleep apnea. • MY STORY: A reader shares her story of healing from domestic abuse.

W ebMD.COM 3 JULY/AUGUST 2016 If you have multiple sclerosis (MS), you have a unique understanding of living with the condition. That's why we want to hear from you. Because although we have a history of scientiﬁ c achievement, you're the expert on living with MS. When it comes to MS, it's time to listen to you.

Let’s get the conversation started at Amy, living with MS MyMSVoice.com/MS

81325ge_a.indd 1 5/19/16 4:22 PM EDITOR’S NOTE

THE ZIKA VIRUS: Stay Informed at WebMD.com The Zika virus continues to dominate health news headlines this summer. To answer your questions and keep you abreast of the latest developments, we’ve gathered helpful information in one place on WebMD.com. Visit “The Zika Virus: What You Should Know” for basics about the virus, If you love watching America’s Got testing and treatment details, videos from experts, a map of potential risk to Talent, you know Nick Cannon as U.S. cities, a continually updated list of countries on the CDC travel advisory, one of the show’s long-time hosts. What you and measures you can take to avoid this mosquito-borne disease. may not know is that he is also a self- described lupus warrior. In this issue, Cannon opens up to WebMD about living with lupus, a chronic autoimmune disorder. He tells us about his fears Access Now! following his diagnosis, lessons he’s learned along the way, and the positive outlook he’s developed to cope with the disease. Download the free Digimarc About 50 million Americans live with 1 Discover app, available at iTunes and Google Play. some form of an autoimmune disorder such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or psoriasis. Look for this Open the app. Hold your device icon on pages With these conditions, the body’s immune 2 4 to 7 inches away from the throughout system mistakes healthy cells for invaders activated icon (shown at right) to scan it. the magazine. and attacks them; the results can be dev- Your phone will alert you when Digimarc astating. On July 25, WebMD will launch a Discover recognizes the image. new special report with Good Morning Amer- Your browser will open to display ica co-anchor Robin Roberts called “Path 3 a web page where you can access to a Breakthrough.” We’ll explore recent WebMD articles, videos, slideshows, and medical advances that aim to help people more content or download WebMD apps. who have autoimmune disorders live better lives. The series also takes a look at some of the most promising scientific advances for treating cancer and other conditions. CONNECT WITH US! Also this month, voting is open for our Subscribe to a newsletter! WebMD Health Heroes People’s Choice webmd.com/newsletters Award. We invite you to visit WebMD. com/healthheroes and vote for your favor- Download Like WebMD! WebMD facebook.com/webmd ite candidate who works the hardest to Magazine improve health and wellness in America. for FREE Tweet us! on the twitter.com/webmd We look forward to receiving your votes! App Store and Google Pin with us! Play. pinterest.com/webmd/ webmd-magazine

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W ebMD.COM 5 JULY/AUGUST 2016 395 HUDSON ST., NEW YORK, N.Y. 10014 EDITOR IN CHIEF PUBLISHER NEW YORK Kristy Hammam Vanessa Cognard Michele Brown EDITORIAL DIRECTOR DIRECTOR, BUSINESS [email protected] Colleen Paretty OPERATIONS 212-624-3819 EXECUTIVE EDITOR Mathew Reynders Claudia Fern Jennifer Fields SENIOR DIRECTOR, [email protected] 212-624-3728 SENIOR EDITOR MARKETING Sylvia Davis Kathleen Cusack Patria Rodriguez VICE PRESIDENT, EDITORIAL DEVELOPMENT SALES OPERATIONS [email protected] Stephanie Snipes ANALYST 212-417-9542 Kisha Jackson ART DIRECTOR John Schaetzle John Todd [email protected] 212-624-3787 DIGITAL EDITOR ADVERTISING SALES Alyson West CHICAGO CHIEF MEDICAL EDITOR Tracy Kennedy WEST COAST Michael W. Smith, MD [email protected] Nicole Jones 312-416-9275 MEDICAL EDITORS [email protected] Brunilda Nazario, MD Anna Novinger 213-718-5550 Hansa Bhargava, MD [email protected] Arefa Cassoobhoy, MD, MPH 312-416-9278

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WebMD Magazine is distributed to doctors’ offices throughout the U.S., online at WebMD.com, and by download from the App Store or Google Play.WebMD Magazine is not responsible for advertising claims. WebMD Magazine (ISSN 1553-9946), Vol. 12, No. 5, is published by WebMD, LLC and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission of WebMD, LLC. All editorial content is reviewed by our board-certified physicians, is for informational purposes only, and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. WebMD does not endorse any specific product, service, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your health care provider with any questions regarding a medical condition and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read in WebMD Magazine. If you think you have a medical emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately. © 2016 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.

W ebMD.COM 6 JULY/AUGUST 2016 HEALTHY START HOTTOPICS! FACTS AND STATS FOR KICKING BACK (HEALTHFULLY) THIS SUMMER

90% Percentage of skin aging due to the sun’s rays. Source: Skin Cancer Foundation 160°F Minimal temperature at which burgers are considered safe to eat. 24% Source: FDA Percentage of boaters in the United States who wear life jackets. Source: U.S. Coast Guard

240k— 440k 22 lbs Number of people diagnosed with The amount of Lyme disease each year. ice cream the Source: Plos One average person in the A watermelon is made U.S. eats per year. Vanilla is the most up of 92% water. Source: Watermelon Board popular flavor, followed by mint chip and cookies and cream. Source: International Dairy Foods Association 2 HOURS EACH YEAR, more than Amount of time you can safely leave food sitting outside during a picnic. But in temperatures of 90°F or higher, 11 MILLION food is only safe for 1 hour. kids and adults go to camp in the U.S.

GETTY IMAGES (8) GETTY IMAGES Source: FDA Source: American Camp Association

W ebMD.COM 7 JULY/AUGUST 2016 HEALTHY START JUMP START

You have no doubt The Icing on the Cake heard about post- That thick slab of cake on the cake-mix box looks inviting, but traumatic stress try not to serve yourself that much. The serving pictured on most disorder, or PTSD, and the devastating boxes has about 134% more calories than the serving size described effects the condi- on the label—and it has frosting, which isn’t included in the label’s tion can wreak on calorie count. That picture influences you, too. Researchers soldiers who witness showed people cake-mix boxes and told them to choose an appro- horrific events on battlefields. priate serving. Most people helped themselves to too much cake. But you may not But when researchers showed them a box that said, “frosting realize that PTSD not included on nutrition labeling,” people chose smaller slices. can affect anyone Source: Public Health Nutrition who undergoes a traumatic event that has nothing to do with war. Health experts call it civilian PTSD. A por- E-CIG tion of people who survive a car crash, WARNING a violent crime, or Many e-cigarette makers tout their products as a natural disaster, a safe alternative to smoking. But e-cigs aren’t to name just a few harmless. Researchers tested the breathing of examples, go on 54 young adults after they used an e-cigarette. to have debilitat- Half were healthy and half had asthma. Tests ing nightmares, of respiratory function showed that e-cig users’ flashbacks, anxiety breathing was impaired for up to 30 minutes attacks, and other after “smoking” the electronic device. Just symptoms of PTSD. as with regular cigarettes, the effects were And many don’t get worse for people with asthma. treatment or even Source: CHEST know they can be cured. One young man in our story on page 54 survived a brutal mugging and almost died. He healed physically but was haunted by reminders long after the event. “I just wanted to run away as far as possible from them,” he says. He eventually Average60 age of people sought treatment. Check out our story who have a severe to learn how he was heart attack. Two able to move beyond the PTSD that once decades ago that was 64. dominated his life. 1,698 The younger age Number of ER visits related to swallowing wire grill brush bristles from 2002 to 2014. reflects increasing obesity Colleen Paretty Be careful: Bristles can stick to the grill and diabetes rates. Editorial Director when you clean it and end up in your food. [email protected] Source: American College

CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: FOOD COLLECTION/GETTY IMAGES; MUTLU KURTBAS/GETTY IMAGES; RICK LEW/GETTY IMAGES; SDART/GETTY IMAGES SDART/GETTY IMAGES; LEW/GETTY RICK IMAGES; KURTBAS/GETTY MUTLU IMAGES; COLLECTION/GETTY FOOD LEFT: TOP FROM CLOCKWISE Source: Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery of Cardiology Annual Meeting

W ebMD.COM 8 JULY/AUGUST 2016 HEALTHY START CAFFEINATED BRAIN BOOST Your morning joe may help keep you sharp as you age. A small group of adults, ages 55 to 91, went off caffeine for a week. Researchers gave them several tests of attention and reaction times on day 1 and day 7 of the caffeine-free week. On days 8 and 9, the researchers gave the tests again, this time an hour after group members got a cup of coffee. Half of them got regular coffee; the others got decaf. Those who drank caffeinated coffee completed some attention tests with fewer errors and faster 176 reaction times than their decaf peers. Source: Cognitive Neuroscience Number of U.S. Society Annual Meeting kids who go to the ER for skateboarding accidents every day. Source: Journal of Injury Epidemiology

.com Hot Hits What’s trending on WebMD.com right now*

The Dukan diet Acupuncture Adult ADHD Gluten-free recipes Vitamin D deficiency Asperger’s syndrome Fibromyalgia symptoms Bedbugs Apple cider vinegar Medical marijuana Skin rashes Stress symptoms

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WHY TEENS NEED MORE ZZZs Lack of sleep could put teens in danger. In a study of more than 50,000 high school students, the likelihood of five risky behaviors was much higher for kids who slept less than seven hours a night. Sleep-deprived teens were more likely to ride in a car without a seat belt, ride with a drunk driver, drink and drive, text and drive, and bike without a helmet. Teenagers need more sleep than adults; studies show they require at least nine hours and 15 minutes a night. Source: CDC PHOTODISC/GETTY IMAGES; WESTEND61/GETTY IMAGES; NEAMOV/THINKSTOCK IMAGES; WESTEND61/GETTY IMAGES; PHOTODISC/GETTY

W ebMD.COM 9 JULY/AUGUST 2016 B:17.5” T:15.5” S:15”

Ask your healthcare professional about BELVIQ®

What is BELVIQ®?

BELVIQ is an FDA-approved prescription weight- • Low blood sugar: Weight loss can cause low loss medication that, when used with diet and blood sugar in people taking medicines for type exercise, can help some overweight (Body Mass 2 diabetes, such as insulin or sulfonylureas. Blood Index [BMI] ≥27 kg/m2) adults with a weight-related sugar levels should be checked before and while taking BELVIQ. Changes to diabetes medication may medical problem, or adults living with obesity be needed if low blood sugar develops. (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), lose weight and keep it o . • Painful erections: If you have an erection lasting It is not known if BELVIQ when taken with other more than 4 hours while on BELVIQ, stop taking prescription, over-the-counter, or herbal weight- BELVIQ and call your doctor or go to the nearest loss products is safe and e ective. It is not known if emergency room right away. BELVIQ changes your risk of heart problems, stroke, • Slow heartbeat: BELVIQ may cause your heart to or death due to heart problems or stroke. beat slower. • Decreases in blood cell count: BELVIQ may cause Important Safety Information your red and white blood cell counts to decrease. • Increase in prolactin: BELVIQ may increase the • Pregnancy: Do not take BELVIQ if you are pregnant amount of a hormone called prolactin. Tell your or planning to become pregnant, as weight loss doctor if your breasts begin to make milk or a milky o ers no potential beneﬁ t during pregnancy and ﬂ uid, or if you are a male and your breasts increase BELVIQ may harm your unborn baby. in size. • Serotonin Syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant • Most common side e ects in patients without Syndrome (NMS)-like reactions: Before using diabetes: Headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, dry BELVIQ, tell your doctor about all the medicines you mouth, and constipation. take, especially medicines that treat depression, FDA approved for B:11.75”

your body. † You are encouraged to report negative side e ects BELVIQ was evaluated in 3 clinical studies involving overweight adults (with at least 1 weight-related medical condition) and obese adults. • Call your All 3 studies compared people taking BELVIQ plus diet and exercise to people using diet and exercise alone (placebo). The results of the fi rst Depression or thoughts of suicide: of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/ doctor right away if you notice any mental changes, 2 studies (involving 7,190 people without diabetes) showed that 47.1% of people taking BELVIQ lost 5% or more of their body weight compared medwatch or call 1-800-FDA-1088. especially sudden changes in your mood, behaviors, with 22.6% of the placebo group. People taking BELVIQ also had signifi cant improvements in their blood pressure and cholesterol levels. thoughts, or feelings, or if you have depression or A third clinical study (involving 604 overweight people with type 2 diabetes) showed that 37.5% of people taking BELVIQ lost 5% or more of thoughts of suicide. their body weight compared with 16.1% of the placebo group. People taking BELVIQ also had signifi cant improvements in their blood sugar levels. Nearly one-half of all participants completed the fi rst 2 studies; nearly two-thirds of the participants completed the third study. BELVIQ® is a registered trademark of Arena Pharmaceuticals GmbH. ©2016 Eisai Inc. BELV-US0226 03/2016 ‡ Restrictions apply.

FS:7.25” FS:7.25” F:7.75” F:7.75” B:17.5” T:15.5” S:15”

Ask your healthcare professional about BELVIQ®

What is BELVIQ®?

• Most common side e ects in patients with weight loss T:10.5” migraines, mental problems, or the common S:10” cold. These medicines may cause serious or life- diabetes: Low blood sugar, headache, back pain, threatening side e ects if taken with BELVIQ. Call cough, and fatigue. Adding BELVIQ® to your healthy routine may help you take weight loss further and may help lower blood your doctor right away if you experience agitation, • Nursing: BELVIQ should not be taken while hallucinations, confusion, or other changes in breastfeeding. pressure.* In clinical studies, BELVIQ® helped some people lose weight and keep it o more e ectively mental status; coordination problems; uncontrolled • Drug interactions: Before taking BELVIQ, tell compared with diet and exercise alone.† Ask your healthcare professional if BELVIQ® is right for you. muscle spasms; muscle twitching; restlessness; your doctor if you take medicines for depression, racing or fast heartbeat; high or low blood pressure; migraines, or other medical conditions, such as: sweating; fever; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; or sti triptans; medicines used to treat mood, anxiety, muscles. psychotic or thought disorders, including tricyclics, • Valvular heart disease: Some people taking lithium, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, medicines like BELVIQ have had heart valve selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake problems. Call your doctor right away if you inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or 2X experience trouble breathing; swelling of the arms, antipsychotics; cabergoline; linezolid (an antibiotic); Proven as effective legs, ankles, or feet; dizziness, fatigue, or weakness tramadol; dextromethorphan (an over-the-counter as diet and exercise alone that will not go away; or fast or irregular heartbeat. (OTC) common cold/cough medicine); OTC Before taking BELVIQ, tell your doctor if you have or supplements such as tryptophan or St. John’s Wort; have had heart problems. or erectile dysfunction medicines. • Changes in attention or memory: BELVIQ may slow • BELVIQ is a federally controlled substance ‡ your thinking. You should not drive a car or operate (CIV) because it may be abused or lead to drug Sign up for monthly savings and free support. heavy equipment until you know how BELVIQ dependence. a ects you. • Mental problems: Taking too much BELVIQ may For more information about BELVIQ®, talk to Visit StartBELVIQ.com or call 1-855-BELVIQ1 (1-855-235-8471) cause hallucinations, a feeling of being high or in your healthcare professional and see the Patient PROMO CODE: WM a very good mood, or feelings of standing outside Information on the reverse side. * Though it is not a blood pressure treatment, BELVIQ may lower blood pressure. your body. † You are encouraged to report negative side e ects BELVIQ was evaluated in 3 clinical studies involving overweight adults (with at least 1 weight-related medical condition) and obese adults. • Call your All 3 studies compared people taking BELVIQ plus diet and exercise to people using diet and exercise alone (placebo). The results of the fi rst Depression or thoughts of suicide: of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/ doctor right away if you notice any mental changes, 2 studies (involving 7,190 people without diabetes) showed that 47.1% of people taking BELVIQ lost 5% or more of their body weight compared medwatch or call 1-800-FDA-1088. especially sudden changes in your mood, behaviors, with 22.6% of the placebo group. People taking BELVIQ also had signifi cant improvements in their blood pressure and cholesterol levels. thoughts, or feelings, or if you have depression or A third clinical study (involving 604 overweight people with type 2 diabetes) showed that 37.5% of people taking BELVIQ lost 5% or more of thoughts of suicide. their body weight compared with 16.1% of the placebo group. People taking BELVIQ also had signifi cant improvements in their blood sugar levels. Nearly one-half of all participants completed the fi rst 2 studies; nearly two-thirds of the participants completed the third study. BELVIQ® is a registered trademark of Arena Pharmaceuticals GmbH. ©2016 Eisai Inc. BELV-US0226 03/2016 ‡ Restrictions apply.

FS:7.25” FS:7.25” F:7.75” F:7.75” B:8.625” T:7.75” S:7”

IMPORTANT PATIENT INFORMATION • over-the-counter supplements such as tryptophan or an erection lasting more than 4 hours whether it is painful or Read the Patient Information that comes with BELVIQ® (BEL-VEEK) St. John’s Wort not, stop using BELVIQ and call your doctor or go to the nearest (lorcaserin hydrochloride) tablets before you start taking it and • medicines to treat erectile dysfunction emergency room right away. each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This • Slow heartbeat. BELVIQ may cause your heart to beat slower. page does not take the place of talking with your doctor about Ask your doctor or pharmacist for a list of these medicines, if you Tell your doctor if you have a history of your heart beating slow your medical condition or treatment. If you have any questions are not sure. or heart block. about BELVIQ, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. Know all the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your • Decreases in your blood cell count. BELVIQ may cause your doctor and pharmacist when you get a new medicine. red and white blood cell count to decrease. Your doctor may What is BELVIQ? do tests to check your blood cell count while you are taking BELVIQ is a prescription medicine that may help some obese How should I take BELVIQ? BELVIQ. adults or overweight adults who also have weight related medical • Take BELVIQ exactly as your doctor tells you to take it. • Increase in prolactin. The medicine in BELVIQ may increase problems lose weight and keep the weight off. the amount of a certain hormone your body makes called • Your doctor will tell you how much BELVIQ to take and when prolactin. Tell your doctor if your breasts begin to make milk or BELVIQ should be used with a reduced calorie diet and increased to take it. physical activity. a milky discharge or if you are a male and your breasts begin – Take 1 tablet 2 times each day. It is not known if BELVIQ is safe and effective when taken with to increase in size. – Do not increase your dose of BELVIQ. other prescription, over-the-counter, or herbal weight loss products. – BELVIQ can be taken with or without food. The most common side effects of BELVIQ include: It is not known if BELVIQ changes your risk of heart problems or • Your doctor should start you on a diet and exercise program • headache when you start taking BELVIQ. Stay on this program while you stroke or of death due to heart problems or stroke. • dizziness are taking BELVIQ. It is not known if BELVIQ is safe when taken with some other • fatigue • Your doctor should tell you to stop taking BELVIQ if you do not medicines that treat depression, migraines, mental problems, or • nausea the common cold (serotonergic or antidopaminergic agents). lose a certain amount of weight within the first 12 weeks of treatment. • dry mouth It is not known if BELVIQ is safe and effective in children under • constipation 18 years old. • If you take too much BELVIQ or overdose, call your doctor or go to the nearest emergency room right away. • cough • low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in patients with diabetes BELVIQ is a federally controlled substance (CIV) because • back pain it contains lorcaserin hydrochloride and may be abused What should I avoid while taking BELVIQ? or lead to drug dependence. Keep your BELVIQ in a safe • Do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know place, to protect it from theft. Never give your BELVIQ to how BELVIQ affects you. BELVIQ can slow your thinking. Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers anyone else, because it may cause harm to them. Selling you or that does not go away. or giving away this medicine is against the law. What are the possible side effects of BELVIQ? These are not all the possible side effects of BELVIQ. For more BELVIQ may cause serious side effects, including: information, ask your doctor or pharmacist. • Serotonin Syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may Who should not take BELVIQ? (NMS)-like reactions. BELVIQ and certain medicines for report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Do not take BELVIQ if you: depression, migraine, the common cold, or other medical • are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. BELVIQ may problems may affect each other causing serious or life- How do I store BELVIQ?

threatening side effects. Call your doctor right away if you start Store BELVIQ at room temperature between 59°F to 86°F (15°C B:11.75” T:10.5” harm your unborn baby. S:9.75” to have any of the following symptoms while taking BELVIQ: to 30°C). Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or no longer needed. What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking – mental changes such as agitation, hallucinations, BELVIQ? confusion, or other changes in mental status Before you take BELVIQ, tell your doctor if you: – coordination problems, uncontrolled muscle spasms, or Keep BELVIQ and all medicines out of the reach of muscle twitching (overactive reflexes) children. • have or have had heart problems including: – restlessness – congestive heart failure – racing or fast heartbeat, high or low blood pressure General information about the safe and effective use of – heart valve problems – sweating or fever BELVIQ. – slow heartbeat or heart block – nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than • have diabetes – muscle rigidity (stiff muscles) those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use BELVIQ for • have a condition such as sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give BELVIQ to • Valvular heart disease. Some people taking medicines or leukemia other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It like BELVIQ have had problems with the valves in their heart. • have a deformed penis, Peyronie’s disease, or ever had an may harm them. Call your doctor right away if you have any of the following erection that lasted more than 4 hours symptoms while taking BELVIQ: This Patient Information summarizes the most important • have kidney problems information about BELVIQ. If you would like more information, – trouble breathing • have liver problems talk with your doctor. You can ask your doctor or pharmacist for – swelling of the arms, legs, ankles, or feet • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant information about BELVIQ that is written for health professionals. – dizziness, fatigue, or weakness that will not go away • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if BELVIQ For more information, go to www.BELVIQ.com Website or call – fast or irregular heartbeat passes into your breastmilk. You and your doctor should decide 1-888-274-2378. if you will take BELVIQ or breastfeed. You should not do both. • Changes in your attention or memory. • Mental problems. Taking BELVIQ in high doses may cause What are the ingredients in BELVIQ? psychiatric problems such as: Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including Active Ingredient: lorcaserin hydrochloride prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal – hallucinations Inactive Ingredients: silicified microcrystalline cellulose; supplements. – feeling high or in a very good mood (euphoria) hydroxypropyl cellulose NF; croscarmellose sodium NF; colloidal BELVIQ may affect the way other medicines work, and other – feelings of standing next to yourself or out of your body silicon dioxide NF; polyvinyl alcohol USP; polyethylene glycol NF; medicines may affect how BELVIQ works. (disassociation) titanium dioxide USP; talc USP; FD&C Blue #2 aluminum lake; Especially tell your doctor if you take medicines for depression, • Depression or thoughts of suicide. You should pay attention and magnesium stearate NF. migraines or other medical conditions such as: to any mental changes, especially sudden changes, in your This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and • triptans, used to treat migraine headache mood, behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. Call your healthcare Drug Administration. provider right away if you have any mental changes that are • medicines used to treat mood, anxiety, psychotic or thought Rx Only new, worse, or worry you. disorders, including tricyclics, lithium, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), selective serotonin-norepinephrine • Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who also take medicines used to treat reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors BELVIQ® is a registered trademark of Arena (MAOIs), or antipsychotics type 2 diabetes mellitus. Weight loss can cause low blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who also take Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Zofingen, Switzerland • cabergoline medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (such as insulin Manufactured by Arena Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Untere • linezolid, an antibiotic or sulfonylureas). You should check your blood sugar before you Brühlstrasse 4, CH-4800, Zofingen, Switzerland • tramadol start taking BELVIQ and while you take BELVIQ. Distributed by Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677 • dextromethorphan, an over-the-counter medicine used to treat • Painful erections (priapism). The medicine in BELVIQ can ©2013 Eisai Inc. BELV1061 10/13 the common cold or cough cause painful erections that last more than 6 hours. If you have LIVING HEALTHY

Get Active, Get Healthy

Thanks to brand-new research, you have four more reasons to break a sweat.

1. It keeps your brain young. In a recent study, people who didn’t exercise much saw a plummet in their thinking skills when they got older. Active people fared much better— staving off about 10 years of aging.

2. It may curb hunger. Forget starving yourself. Scientists at England’s Loughborough University found that women who cut calories by not eating felt hungrier and ended up eating almost one-third more at a buffet meal than women who burned calories via exercise.

3. It soothes your back. Got an achy back? A new report published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that exercise may cut your risk of having an episode of low-back pain.

4. It may ward off Alzheimer’s disease. Whether you prefer racquetball or golf, you’re in luck. A new study suggests many types of physical activity boost your brain structure and slash your Alzheimer’s risk. —Kara Mayer Robinson FANGXIANUO/GETTY IMAGES FANGXIANUO/GETTY

W ebMD.COM 13 JULY/AUGUST 2016 LIVING Trail HEALTHY

BUG CONTROL “To enjoy the outdoors and avoid mosquito bites, cover your body as much as possible with Blazer a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, We pound the pavement to get expert and socks. Consider wearing permethrin-treated clothing. It’s answers to your pressing health questions toxic to mosquitoes. For skin that’s not covered, apply sunscreen Photograph by Sharon Suh and on top of that, a bug repellent like DEET. The added benefit is that you will protect yourself from ticks as well.”

ENERGY MIX Arefa Cassoobhoy, MD, MPH “Portable snacks that will keep WebMD Medical Editor you energized and satisfied need to include a source of protein and smart carbs. Trail mix made with nuts, seeds, dried fruit, and whole grain cereal is a hiker’s SKIN SMARTS favorite. More great options include nut butter and apple, high- “Apply SPF 30 or higher sunscreen protein granola bars, veggies (one shot glass-worth for all and hummus, low-sodium jerky exposed areas of the body), and and dried fruit, cheese and whole then reapply it every two hours. grain crackers, or hard-cooked Also wear a wide-brimmed eggs and rice cakes.” hat that shades the nose and ears. Sun-protective clothing has become more fashion-forward and affordable, and it offers built-in SPF protection. Don’t forget your sunglasses and SPF 30 lip balm, as the eyes and lips show aging first.” Kathleen Zelman, MPH, RD, LD WebMD Director of Nutrition

Mohiba Tareen, MD Medical Director, Tareen Dermatology, Roseville, Minn.

IN A PINCH

“To remove a tick, you can use clean tweezers to grab the tick close to the skin. Steadily pull upwards. If a small part of the tick remains in the skin, try to remove it with the tweezers. Afterward, clean the bite area with WEBMD ON THE STREET soap and water or rubbing alcohol. Place the tick in a sealed plastic bag or flush it down the toilet.” Jessica Gonzalez

Park Ranger, 32 Gateway National Recreation Area Brooklyn, N.Y.

Byard Edwards, MD Nephrologist, Atlanta In 2011, Brooklyn, N.Y., native and park ranger Jessica Gonzalez got involved with a national parks outreach program called, Your Park! Your Health! “We educate people BE PREPARED on the recreational opportunities that exist in the park, and help “Start with the basics in your first-aid kit, like sunblock, tweezers, them think of the park as scissors, different-sized bandages, a place to improve their health,” gauze, tape, and antibiotic/ she says. Gonzalez also considers her hydrocortisone ointment. I’d also own health as she packs for have bottled water to help treat a day on the park’s trails and water- dehydration and clean dirty cuts. ways. “What snacks can I make For insect bites and other allergic or bring that are nutritious and will reactions I’d add Benadryl, keep my energy up?” she asks. but more life-threatening reactions The downsides to working outdoors require an Epipen or Auvi-Q. You could place a tampon are environmental hazards, and a pad in your kit for bleeding or like sunburn and biting ticks and puncture type wounds.” mosquitoes. In case of minor emergencies, she brings along a first-aid kit. “What basic medical supplies should I carry with me?” she asks. —Stephanie Watson

Brunilda Nazario, MD WebMD Lead Medical Editor THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS SECTION ARE OF THE EXPERTS AND ARE NOT THE OPINIONS OF WEBMD. WEBMD DOES NOT ENDORSE ANY SPECIFIC PRODUCT, SERVICE, OR TREATMENT. Want more news like this? Sign up for the Men’s Health Newsletter at LIVING WebMD.com. HEALTHY LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

MEN’S HEALTH Talking ‘T’ Therapy NEW RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY MAY NOT PROVIDE THE PAYOFFS MEN HOPE FOR—AND MAY COME WITH RISKS

By Matt McMillen

Testosterone replacement therapy (T therapy for short) may not be the fountain of youth for aging men. A large, NIH-funded study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in February reports that testosterone, touted for its ability to jumpstart libido, did little to improve a man’s abilities in the bedroom. “The trial showed modest benefits in sexual activity and functions,” says study co-author Shalender Bhasin, MD, an endocrinologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. However, those sexual benefits may not last, the year-long study concluded. By the end, they had begun to taper off. “And improvements in other areas were less clear,” says Bhasin. Men with low T—below 275 nano- QUESTIONS may have other causes. And the risks grams per deciliter of blood—commonly FOR YOUR DOCTOR and benefits for aging men have not feel down or depressed, and the study CONCERNED ABOUT LOW T? been established. showed that testosterone therapy did Bhasin and his colleagues’ study give a slight lift to their mood. But Bradley Anawalt, MD, endocrinolo- addresses the question of T therapy’s T therapy had little impact on their gist and professor of medicine at effectiveness. Yet it was not large energy or levels of physical activity. University of Washington enough or long enough to settle the These results arrive at a time when Medicine in Seattle, suggests asking question of safety. “With the widespread the number of men undergoing T therapy your doctor these questions: use of testosterone, the issue of safety is on the rise. Between 2009 and 2013, has become even more important, but prescriptions nearly doubled, from Do I have a health problem that we don’t know the long-term risks of 1.3 million to 2.3 million. The FDA has is likely due to low testosterone? testosterone therapy,” Bhasin explains. approved T therapy to treat medical con- For instance, studies of T therapy’s Are there any lifestyle ditions that affect testosterone produc- impact on heart health have had modifications, such as weight tion, such as diseases of the testes, the conflicting results. Some research loss, that could help improve pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus. suggests it does harm; other research low testosterone? But doctors write four in five T indicates the opposite. Concerns therapy prescriptions for men ages 40 What benefit, if any, am I likely to get about the risk of prostate cancer in to 74, though the FDA has not approved from testosterone therapy? men who take testosterone over many its use to counter the gradual decline in years also remain unresolved. testosterone that occurs with age. What side effects should According to the FDA, symptoms I expect? What are the potential Reviewed by Sheldon Marks, MD WebMD Medical Reviewer

DEAN MITCHELL/GETTY IMAGES MITCHELL/GETTY DEAN commonly associated with low T serious side effects?

W ebMD.COM 16 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Read Swimming for Fitness, an article at WebMD.com. LIVING HEALTHY LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

WORK IT OUT In the Swim WANT TO EXERCISE OUTDOORS BUT CAN’T BEAR THE HEAT? PLUNGE INTO THE POOL TO KEEP YOUR COOL

By Kara Mayer Robinson

GEAR UP SOME ACCESSORIES YOU MIGHT FIND HANDY TO ENHANCE YOUR SWIM WORKOUT, ACCORDING TO COMPETITIVE SWIMMER AND TRAINER KIM EVANS:

ESSENTIALS Goggles They protect your eyes and make seeing underwater easier. They don’t have to be expensive. Just be sure they fit snugly and don’t leak. Swimsuit Save the bikini or swim trunks for the beach. When swimming for fitness, wear a suit that’s comfortable and Swimming is a spectacular cardio workout that builds workout of 45 to 60 minutes designed for swimming. endurance, flexibility, and strength. Water provides or 1,500 to 2,000 meters. constant resistance—about 12% to 14% more than you get on Perfect your form. The EXTRAS land—so your muscles get a major workout. It also keeps you better your form, the easier it Kickboard cool, so you can exercise longer without getting tired or is to swim. The happy result: Try a kickboard to overheated. Buoyancy means no pounding or jarring. You’ll last longer. stay afloat as you focus Most strokes target multiple muscles at once. Kicking fires Try to relax your body. on your legs up your legs. “Even the push off the wall is a strengthening If you tighten up, you’ll sink or your breathing. exercise. It works the lower legs really well,” says competitive too low in the water. Keep Pull buoy swimmer and ACE-certified trainer Kim Evans. Want a stron- your hips up near the surface. Place a pull buoy ger core? Focus on the breaststroke or butterfly. Looking for Streamline your stroke and be between your legs to stay upper body strength? Try freestyle or the backstroke. efficient in the water. Focus afloat while targeting your upper body. To score big gains, try to swim at least twice a week and on lengthening each stroke. follow these tips from Evans: Reach out and grab the water, Fins then pull it past you. Wearing fins can help you perfect the flick at the Think turtle, not hare. and so on, says Evans. For freestyle and the end of your kick and work Swimming is hard, especially “When you can do about 200 backstroke, rotate your body your legs harder. in the beginning. “Going meters or eight lengths with- as you stretch out your arm. slow is fine,” Evans says. It’s out stopping, then you can For the breaststroke and but- better to nail down your form move on to different speeds,” terfly, use a fluid motion and before bumping up your Evans says. engage your core. speed or distance. Try work-rest intervals. Try to swim one length of Swim for a few minutes or Reviewed by the pool (with good form). a few laps, then rest and Brunilda Nazario, MD WebMD Lead Medical Editor

FROM TOP: EFENZI/GETTY IMAGES; MBBIRDY/GETTY IMAGES MBBIRDY/GETTY IMAGES; EFENZI/GETTY TOP: FROM Then work up to two, three, repeat. Shoot for a total

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MIND MATTERS Your Unique Self STUDIES SHOW THAT LIFE EXPERIENCES SHAPE, EXPAND, AND EVOLVE BRAIN FUNCTION

By Sonya Collins

What makes you you? BRAIN TRAINING The way you act, the STUDIES SHOW THAT WHEN YOU LEARN NEW way you live, things that THINGS, PHYSICAL have happened to you? The CHANGES TAKE PLACE IN YOUR BRAIN. answer is all of the above. These factors that come For example, MRIs together to form the unique show changes in person you are leave inter- people’s brains after connected imprints on your they practice music or learn a language. brain, new research shows. More examples from But they are not necessarily recent research: permanent. You can possibly change them. In people who learned Researchers at the to juggle, brains made adaptations in just University of Oxford paired seven days. the MRI brain scans of 461 people with detailed informa- People who repeatedly tion each had provided about practiced a difficult themselves through tests and whole-body balancing task showed develop- questionnaires. The scientists ments in their brains wanted to find any correla- in as little as two days, tion between brain activity connection between tradi- two lights flashing simulta- and the brain contin- and people’s skills, lifestyles, tionally positive skills and neously. Connections, they ued to change for up and experiences. traits and those 200 brain say, mean that two different to six weeks. They found 200 brain regions. Those in the study regions communicate with regions that correlated with who had more positive each other. the skills, traits, and lifestyle traits—say, higher income, While this study didn’t factors they had studied. more education, good explore which comes first— Some of those regions related memory, large vocabulary— the brain connections or the to imagination, decision- had stronger connections skills and experiences related making, personal beliefs, and between many of the 200 to them—the researchers values—functions that are brain regions than people suspect it’s a mixture of both. “uniquely human,” says who had more of the traits You have innate abilities Karla Miller, PhD, who considered negative, such as built into your brain, but new co-authored the study with rule breaking, anger, sub- experiences and acquired her husband and colleague stance use, and poor sleep. skills also shape your brain. Stephen Smith, DPhil. Both The researchers considered “Direct practice or learning are biomedical engineering brain regions “connected” will improve those skills, and professors at Oxford. when an MRI showed activity that will—by definition—be Reviewed by The researchers then in two or more of these areas reflected in brain changes,” Patricia A. Farrell, PhD WebMD Medical Reviewer

FROM TOP: SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/GETTY IMAGES; LEANDER NARDIN/STOCKSY LEANDER IMAGES; LIBRARY/GETTY PHOTO SCIENCE TOP: FROM found an interesting at the same time. Imagine Smith says.

W ebMD.COM 18 JULY/AUGUST 2016 HEALTHY BEAUTY

DIY Scalp Treatments Shiny, bouncy strands may get all the glory, but experts like Julien Farel of Julien Farel Restore Salon and Spa in New York City agree that cleansing and moisturizing your scalp is just as important. He recommends these simple DIY treatments:

Flaky? Just dry? A monthly salt scrub (yes, on your scalp) Olive oil is a great moisturizer because it is could help minimize some of the flakes. closest in chemical structure to the skin’s natu- Mix a couple tablespoons of coarse salt into ral oil than any other naturally occurring a glob of shampoo to create a paste. Gently oil. Loaded with antioxidants, it keeps the massage the mixture into your scalp for scalp moisturized and hair soft. Apply a half cup a minute, and then rinse and condition as of warm olive oil on your scalp and damp hair. usual. How it works: The salt breaks down oil Leave on for one hour before shampooing out.

FABRICE LEROUGE/ONOKY/GETTY IMAGES LEROUGE/ONOKY/GETTY FABRICE and buildup so they easily wash away. —Ayren Jackson-Cannady

W ebMD.COM 19 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Read Are You Getting Sneaky Sun Damage?, a blog post at HEALTHY WebMD.com. BEAUTY LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

EXPERT PICKS Summertime Musts SIX EXPERT PRODUCT PICKS AND TIPS TO HELP YOU LIMIT WARM WEATHER SKIN PROBLEMS

By Ayren Jackson-Cannady Fixer Upper Bye-Bye Burn 2 Skinmedica 1 Vitamin C and E Complex Cortizone-10 Ointment ($10.49) 1 ($100) “While your goal is to avoid a sunburn “Summer skin care is at all costs (a risk factor for skin cancer more than just applying later on), apply any over-the-counter (and reapplying) SPF. Add cream that contains aloe vera or soy a skin corrector to your to the inflamed area, and follow with a 2 routine; this one is rich in hydrocortisone 1% cream to soothe the antioxidants and can help burn and calm the inflammation.” prevent the damage from ultraviolet rays.”

Protection Act 3 La Roche-Posay 5 6 Anthelios Mineral Ultra Light Sunscreen Fluid, SPF 50 ($33.50) “In addition to wearing a broad-brimmed hat and sunglasses, protect 3 your skin with a mineral- Lip Tip based sunscreen like 6 Solar Protection this one, which works Formula Liptect ($20) by sitting on top of “The delicate and fragile the skin to deflect and lips are critically in need scatter damaging UV of protection—especially rays away. Be sure to during balmy summer reapply sunscreen months. This stick has an every two hours.” SPF 45 and a combination of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, powerful sunscreen ingredients.”

Cool It Down 5 Avene Thermal Spring Water Spray ($18.50) Hydration Sensation “Sometimes it’s so hot that you can feel 4 Neocutis Hyalis ($64) the heat radiating off of your skin. Use a “This serum contains premium-grade spray like this to instantly hydrate your skin hyaluronic acid, which acts as a water and cool it off. Keep it in the refrigerator for fountain for your skin. It helps even out maximum effect, or inyour purse or beach the skin and repairs the dullness and dry- bag for easy access.” ness caused by the summer sun.”

Jeffrey Fromowitz, MD Reviewed by Karyn Grossman, MD dermatologist in Boca Raton, Florida WebMD Medical Reviewer

PHOTOGRAPH BY JEFFREY WESTBROOK; PROP STYLING: WENDY SCHELAH/HALLEY RESOURCES SCHELAH/HALLEY WENDY STYLING: PROP WESTBROOK; JEFFREY BY PHOTOGRAPH THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS SECTION ARE OF THE EXPERTS AND ARE NOT THE OPINIONS OF WEBMD. WEBMD DOES NOT ENDORSE ANY SPECIFIC PRODUCT, SERVICE, OR TREATMENT.

W ebMD.COM 20 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Watch How to Care for Your Feet and Toenails, HEALTHY a video at WebMD.com. BEAUTY LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

BEAUTY SMARTS Sole Survival TAKE CARE OF YOUR FEET ALL THROUGH SANDAL WEATHER

By Liesa Goins

THE CASE AGAINST FLIP-FLOPS The weather may be perfect for minimalist flip-flops, but spending too much time in them can be unhealthy. Here’s why, according to Suzanne Levine, DPM, a podiatric surgeon in New York City:

They provide little to no support. The thin, rubbery flip-flops you can buy at almost any store provide virtually no cushion, so standing and walking stresses your feet.

Your feet are overexposed. The slim, lightweight profile makes them effortless to slip on, but those skinny straps offer no protection from bumping, scraping, or hitting foreign objects.

They aren’t designed for long-term wear. Flip-flops should only be worn in the locker room or from the car to the beach. Do not wear them for extended periods of time—especially In the summer your feet are more only look unattractive, but can also lead if you’re going to be walking exposed than usual. And skimpy to other health issues. in an urban environment. summer footwear creates the potential for Taking care of the skin on your feet to pre- Otherwise you’re exposing a host of issues, says Jason Ahuero, MD, vent blisters, calluses, cracks, and dry skin your feet to bacteria, an assistant professor of orthopedic surgery isn’t just a cosmetic issue, says Beth Pearce, fungus, yeast, and other health risks that thrive in at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. DPM, a podiatrist in St. Augustine, Florida. public spaces. Here’s some expert advice to ensure your “Skin is the first barrier to fight organisms feet look their best and stay healthy well like fungus, bacteria, and viruses that feet past Labor Day. are vulnerable to,” she explains. “Cracks and “My motto is treat your feet the way wounds mean the barrier is compromised you treat your face,” says Suzanne Levine, and gives organisms an opportunity to gain DPM, a podiatric surgeon in New York City. access and cause infections.” She tells her patients to cleanse the feet Spending time in the water causes your and protect them with moisturizer and skin to dry out, Pearce says. After swimming

sunscreen. Any exposed skin is vulnerable and splashing, the water evaporates, pulling Reviewed by to sunburn and adding moisture helps pro- moisture from your skin. Plus, summer Mohiba K. Tareen, MD WebMD Medical Reviewer

FROM TOP: FABRICE LEROUGE/GETTY IMAGES; 101CATS/GETTY IMAGES 101CATS/GETTY IMAGES; LEROUGE/GETTY FABRICE TOP: FROM tect from cracking and flaking—which not footwear is often open-toed and open-backed,

W ebMD.COM 21 JULY/AUGUST 2016 HEALTHY BEAUTY BEAUTY SMARTS TK TK

which allows skin to stone after a shower to dehydrate further (closed Dirty Secret lightly file down calluses. Help! I plucked my brows completely off. shoes trap in moisture). How can I fix this? The length of your toenails Since the soles of your feet also affects your foot health. don’t have oil glands, you With patience and proper care, your brows will “Longer nails are predis- grow back; they need an average of one to two months end up with scaly heels to grow back one centimeter of brow hair. Try these posed to injury as well as and cracks on the balls of tips to help the process along (or at least camouflage fungal and other infections,” your feet. Hydrating skin is them until they’ve grown back). Levine warns. Show off your the obvious—and simple— Fill ‘em in. toes in sandals by cutting solution. Pearce suggests Use an eyebrow pencil (like Anastasia Beverly Hills your nails straight across to using a lotion immediately Brow Wiz, $21) to fill in the sparse areas with tiny dashes be even with the tops of your after you shower and that look like little brow hairs. Go over the marks with toes, she advises. applying another layer before a brow brush for a more natural, feathered look. It may seem counterin- bed. Look for a product with Handle with care. tuitive, but your favorite an emollient and salicylic When your brow hairs do finally grow back, try to avoid shoes—those flimsy flip-flops plucking all the time. Over-tweezing can damage the acid, Pearce says; the salicylic follicles and lead to ingrown hair or irritation. Instead, (see sidebar) and strappy acid exfoliates thick, dead use an electric trimmer like the Panasonic Facial sandals—can also keep your surface skin so the emollient Trimmer with Pivoting Head Design, $19.99, for better feet from looking their can penetrate and hydrate grip and guidance to not over trim. best if you don’t look for key more effectively. Eat right. features. “Unfortunately The look of calluses, A well-balanced diet that includes daily doses of summer footwear is often thick skin that tends to protein (which is the main component of hair) helps not good for feet,” Ahuero form over joints, can make contribute to hair follicle growth. says. His advice is to look for —Fumi Ozaki, licensed esthetician/instructor, makeup artist, you hesitant to wear open- “O” de Kirei skin care clinic, Los Angeles a supportive footbed—one toed shoes. “Skin hardens that doesn’t allow the foot or builds up over areas of to slide forward or move too bony prominence,” Ahuero explains. “Over time this thick much side to side. The slipping and sliding stresses skin, caus- skin can become painful and can be dangerous for people ing cracks, blisters, and calluses. In addition, a good footbed with diabetes if they develop an ulceration underneath.” should offer cushioning that relieves pressure on heels and Regular pedicures should keep calluses from becoming balls of the feet. That should be all you need to kick summer problematic, Ahuero says. He also suggests using a pumice off on the right foot.

AISLE DO

“One of my favorite products is Intellishade—a tinted moisturizer that acts like four products in one: a sunscreen, moisturizer, anti-ager, and skin-perfecting tint that PRODUCT PICK hydrates and provides a beautiful glow. The pigment works on all skin tones and helps Revision Skincare create a flawless complexion. However, the formula may require more blending on Intellishade Tinted darker skin tones for a seamless effect. I love it for summer because it has both physical Moisturizer With and chemical sunscreen to block UVA and UVB rays. The peptides help stimulate col- Sunscreen ($48) lagen production and the vitamin C offers antioxidant benefits and brightens the skin. The smell is subtle, yet pleasant and the lotion has a lightweight, silky feel. I use it on EXPERT my face as well as my arms and legs. People with oily skin can use a matte version that Jody Comstock, MD offers the same perks of the original formula.” dermatologist, Tucson, Arizona TOP: IMAGE SOURCE/GETTY IMAGES SOURCE/GETTY IMAGE TOP:

W ebMD.COM 22 JULY/AUGUST 2016 @WebMD

H ilarity for INSIDE THE ISSUE JUMP Charity U START Seth Rogen and his wife, Lauren Next-gen health Miller Rogen, go for the laughs tracking, food with a popular college fundraising label smarts, and a contest to raise money for student athlete’s Alzheimer’s disease research health questions answered

WELL AND GOOD Tips on acne, sleep, and going vegetarian

THE CHECKUP The truth about marijuana, study drugs, ADHD, and STDs

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JUST NOW JUMP START #TRENDING NOW TAKE 10: Have you tried the hourglass workout? It’s weight- BREAKFAST Number of lifting for your upper body In just 10 minutes a day, female college combined with moves to you could increase your students. 11.5 Compare that create a tiny waist and a energy and curb your to just under round backside that work appetite, lower your risk MILLION 9 million males. together to give you that for diabetes and heart Source: SWEAT IT coveted hourglass shape. disease, counteract the National Center for Education Just when you thought Sound too good to be true? consequences of sleep Statistics there was nothing your It probably is. Your body deprivation and—get activity tracker can’t do, type and unique pattern of this—improve your math soon that wristband could fat distribution are mostly performance! How? Stud- contain a flexible sweat in your genes. Genetic ies show that the answer is sensor that sends crucial researchers have found simple: eating breakfast. information about you about 70 different places Want to get more bang straight to your phone. The in the human genome—a for your breakfast buck? new sensors, invented by person’s complete set of Make sure it includes engineers at University of genetic material—that some protein, which keeps Number of California, Berkeley, can can predict hip-to-waist you feeling full longer. hours per week most college detect through chemicals ratio and where your fat For perfect balance, try students spend 11+ preparing for in sweat whether you’re is stored. But don’t stop protein-rich plain Greek class run-down, dehydrated, or exercising and eating yogurt with fruit and a HOURS getting dangerously hot. right. That’s still the best whole grain topping. Source: National Survey Source: Nature HOT TOPICS way to control your weight Source: NIH of Student and stay in shape. Engagement Source: Nature

CHECK THE LABEL Before you toss that “organic” What you DIRTY SECRET cereal into your cart, check Infectious diseases, such Percentage out the nutrition label. HEALTY SNACKING as meningitis, can spread of college Front-of-package claims like wherever large groups freshmen who n eed to get work at off- “calcium builds strong bones” ON A BUDGET gather—like your dorm. campus jobs. and “made with whole grain” Want to cut calories and fat Meningitis outbreaks have By senior year, 58% of students say nothing about whether and save a few bucks? Make afflicted several college have off- the product is objectively going your own microwave campuses in the last few 32% campus jobs. good for you. According to the popcorn! Toss 1/3 cup of years. The CDC recom- Source: FDA, “healthy” foods contain popcorn kernels with a mends first-year college National Survey of Student no more than three grams fat, teaspoon of oil. Pour kernels students who’ve never had Engagement one gram saturated fat, 480 into a brown paper lunch the vaccine, or who had milligrams sodium per serv- bag and fold over two to it before age 16, get the ing, and at least 10% of your three times. Microwave for shot before they go off to required daily vitamin A and about three minutes—until school. If you haven’t had

C, calcium, iron, protein, and the pops are three to five the shot, visit your student fiber. A study of 2,200 cereals seconds apart. Get creative health center. WebMD Campus Life is distributed to college campuses and doctors’ offices throughout the U.S., and by download from the App and prepared meals found with seasonings. Source: CDC Store or Google Play. WebMD Campus Life is not responsible for advertising claims. WebMD Campus Life (ISSN 1553-9946), Vol. that front-of-package claims 12, No. 3, is published by WebMD, LLC and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission of WebMD, LLC. Source: Kim Larson, RD were not a good indicator of All editorial content is reviewed by our board-certified physicians, is for informational purposes only, and is not intended to be whether a food was healthy. a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. WebMD does not endorse any specific product, service, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your health care provider with any questions regarding a medical condition and never Source: Journal of Food Science disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read in WebMD Campus Life. If you COVER IMAGE: CHUCK ZLOTNICK; ZLOTNICK; CHUCK IMAGE: COVER FIRMA/STOCKSY STUDIO PAGE: THIS think you have a medical emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately. 2016 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved. HIRAO/STOCKSY YUKO

CAMPUS LIFE 24 SUMMER 2016 CAMPUS LIFE 25 SUMMER 2016 practice, use a foam roller Q. After a long volley- STUDENT BODY to release the tension and ball practice, my shoul- increase blood flow to your der starts to get very muscles. Icing generally sore. Is there anything isn’t recommended. Though I can do before the next Chat it might help with soreness, practice to cut down on it may decrease strength any pain? and performance.” A: “A light aerobic or

—Michael W. Smith, dynamic warm-up before Session MD, CPT, WebMD Chief practice and a proper Medical Editor cooldown afterward are very important to Q: If I start feeling dehy- decrease pain and inju- drated on the court, ries. In between prac- what can I drink to get tices, work on strength- s a middle schooler studies and bring them with back in the game? ening, especially your A in Norcross, Georgia, you to the game so that you A: “Plain water is good, but rotator cuff, shoulder Shelby King wanted no can use any downtime you studies show that athletes blade, core, and hip/leg part of volleyball, but she have during the weekend to drink more and hydrate muscles for a stable base decided to give the sport a refresh your memory.” better when the water has of support. Stay hydrated

chance. Seven years later, —Sherrie Bourg Carter, a flavor. Sports drinks offer before, during, and after King is a standout outside PsyD, author, High Octane a balance of fluid with elec- a workout. Your goal is to hitter on the NYU women’s Women: How Superachievers trolytes you lose through have optimal flexibility volleyball team. Not only Can Avoid Burnout sweat during vigorous phys- and balanced strength does she compete in the ical exercise. These electro- for practice, and avoid toughest conference in Q: If I have an early lytes, including sodium and over-training.”

her division, but she also practice and class right potassium, help your body —Mary Ann Wilmarth, majors in sports, fashion, after, what are some more quickly absorb the PT, DPT, OCS, C E O, and entertainment law and quick breakfast options? water in the sports drink, Back2Back Physical

plans to go to law school. A: “Include a source of pro- speeding up the hydration Therapy DECILLIS FERNANDO College-level volleyball is tein and carbs with optional process.”

much more intense than healthy fats. Ideas: Greek —Carolyn O’Neil, MS, high school, and NYU plays yogurt, berries, and granola RDN, author, The Slim some of the top teams in with nuts; egg sandwich Down South Cookbook the country, “so I really with lean ham and sliced have to step up my game.” tomato on whole grain toast; Q: Usually after practice King wants to make sure or a smoothie with avocado, I have a lot of energy. she balances school and spinach, a tablespoon of How can I calm down play—especially when she protein powder, and fruit or before class begins? has big matches—so she 100% juice.” A: “To transition from the

doesn’t burn out. —Kathleen Zelman, MPH, court to the classroom, —Stephanie Watson RD, LD, WebMD Director talk to your coach about of Nutrition optimizing your cool-down Q: What are the best routine to move into a ways to deal with the Q: When my volleyball calmer zone. Also, try extreme stress of a big classes and practice are yoga or mindfulness test and a long weekend back-to-back, should I classes to exercise and of volleyball? use the time in between to train your mind. You’ll learn A: “Prepare in advance! stretch or ice my body? how to focus your energy Anticipate how many hours A: “Treat your volleyball and stay in the moment. you will need to study to sessions as one long work- It’ll help you quickly settle do well on the test, then out. Keep your muscles in and be attentive in class. incorporate those hours into warm and stretch them And, it’ll improve your your schedule before the out with light range-of- volleyball game!”

long weekend of volleyball. motion movements, like —Arefa Cassoobhoy, Make succinct notecards arm swings, side bends, and MD, MPH, WebMD of major points from your lunges. If you’re sore after Medical Editor

CAMPUS LIFE 26 SUMMER 2016 STEPHEN CURRY TWO-TIME MVP

DRINK BRITA®

D R I NK CLEA NER, HE A L T HIE R *, AMAZING ™

*Vs. tap water. Seth Rogen wants to hang out with you. No, really, he does. All you’ve got to do is throw a party in the name of Alzheimer’s disease.

The Interview actor and his wife, Lauren Miller THINK YOUR BRAIN HAS REACHED ITS MAX POTENTIAL? Rogen, are on a mission to raise awareness Nope. It won’t be fully developed until your mid-20s. The stuff you do now—like partying and watching and funds for Alzheimer’s, an irreversible brain TV—can change how it’s wired. Here’s how: disease that slowly chips away at a person’s NUTRITION = BRAINPOWER. ability to think and complete simple tasks. Eating well keeps your brain sharp and boosts your memory. For an extra kick, down plenty of brainpower foods Alzheimer’s eventually leads to severe disability, like vegetables, berries, cherries, fish, and walnuts. where you don’t recognize your family and MARIJUANA LASTS LONGER THAN YOU THINK. friends, can’t communicate, and need constant care. Smoking weed has short-term and long-term effects. Doing it regularly shrinks your ability to remember and process info. It may even chip COVER STORY away at your intelligence.

BINGE DRINKING MESSES WITH YOUR MEMORY. Hilarity Blowing off steam with a few drinks is ok. But binge drinking can blow your chances of healthy brain development. To fend off memory After Lauren’s mom was with Seth to play at your event. and coordination problems, stay diagnosed with Alzheimer’s at Tally the most cash and you’ll for below the cutoff: four drinks in two the surprisingly young age of score a visit. hours for guys, three for women. 55, they created Hilarity for But you’d better get Charity and have raised more movin’ or UVM may edge STRESS IS A STRAIN. than $5 million for research you out. “The same school Charity U A recent University of Florida study and home care. Every year keeps winning,” Rogen says. suggests a link between stress and HFC hosts a variety show “The University of Vermont Seth Rogen and Lauren Alzheimer’s disease. Stress is tough with mega-talent like Aziz just crushes it, over and to avoid when you’re in college. If you feel overwhelmed, see a school Ansari, Mindy Kaling, and over and over again.” On his Miller Rogen look to college counselor for coping strategies. James Franco. In 2014, they last visit, Rogen brought students like you to help launched HFC U, a college fellow actor Chris Mintz- Afundraising contest. Plasse. They did a live audio raise money and awareness SCREENTIME IS BEST IN SMALL DOSES. Here’s where you come commentary of their movie for Alzheimer’s disease A new study suggests watching in: Host a fundraiser (kick- Superbad. Mintz-Plasse even tons of TV—and not being active— ball tournament, Instagram partied with the students BY KARA MAYER ROBINSON can diminish brain function when scavenger hunt, danceathon, afterward. REVIEWED BY MICHAEL W. SMITH,MD you’re older. Balance TV, movie, and WEBMD CHIEF MEDICAL EDITOR video streaming time with an hour whatever your jam) and you We caught up with Seth, at the campus fitness center. can win a visit from Seth. HFC 34, and Lauren, 33, just as he U gives you a total fund-raising wrapped production on his toolkit: CrowdRise page, party new series Preacher, which ideas, official fliers, a video you can catch on AMC.

CAMPUS LIFE 28 SUMMER 2016 CAMPUS LIFE 29 SUMMER 2016 Q: HFC U has reached When Seth started talking longer to get to. But who 230 campuses in just a about it, people were like, Seth is in movies is not neces- couple of years. How’d “This guy? Why is this guy sarily who he is in real life. this happen so fast? affected by Alzheimer’s?” He’s a very lovely, sensitive, Seth: I think people in Alzheimer’s affects every- caring person and partner to college are often looking one. It’s not just an old me and to my whole fam- for causes. I’m amazed at person’s disease. Seth, as ily. It’s been an opportunity Props to UVM’s Pi Kappa how active they get. Young a youngish, fun person…it to show what an amazing, Alpha fraternity, who people seem to want to do was a real wake-up call wonderful human he is. took home this year’s trophy. By raising a good things. They haven’t to a lot of people. Seth: I agree. [Laughs.] whopping $28,431, they been beaten down by the scored an exclusive early screening of Preacher negativity of the universe as Q: You’ve scored many Q: Did getting involved with Seth Rogen and much yet. celebs to perform at with Alzheimer’s Lauren Miller Rogen. This is their third Lauren: When they learn fundraisers. Is it easy to change your lifestyle victory. What gives? We about it, they come to a get them on board? choices? asked college seniors John, Ryan, and Griffen place of, “Wow, I had no Seth: At first they were just Lauren: An unfortunate Fox (above), fraternity idea.” They’re all really a little confused as to why I part of Alzheimer’s is that brothers (and real-life brothers, too—triplets, passionate—not about win- was asking them to partici- it’s not curable. There are in fact) to reveal what’s ning a visit from Seth but in pate in Alzheimer’s. Once I a number of things that in their secret sauce. fighting against the disease talked about it and they saw people talk about that #1 and raising awareness, it wasn’t just some lark (that could affect it. They talk GIVING BACK which is cool. The students I was stoned one day and was about coconut oil or diet In 2014, Ryan Fox saw a video clip of Seth Rogen speaking to Congress about come up with all these like, “Let’s do an Alzheimer’s and exercise, eating healthy, the need for Alzheimer’s funding. It really creative fundraisers charity!”), it was actually a lifestyle. We absolutely pay hit home because he and his brothers and these really cool ideas. meaningful thing. People attention to those things had recently lost their grandfather to Alzheimer’s. Ryan sent the link to John have been very receptive. more than we did before, and Griffen, who agreed HFC was a Q: What do many Miley Cyrus was one of the but it’s still such a mystery. powerful way to honor their grandfather. people not realize about easiest performers to obtain. The brain is such uncharted Their fraternity brothers jumped on board, too. They saw how tough Alzheimer’s? James Franco, the second territory at this point. I can Alzheimer’s was on the Fox family Seth: If they’re anything we proposed it to him, he only imagine how every- and wanted to help. like I was, I didn’t realize was incredibly enthusiastic. thing we do probably affects # 2 how completely devastating As far as the comedians go, our brains. EFFICIENCY and incapacitating it was. if they’re available, they’ll In 2014, the fraternity hosted a talent The way it’s portrayed a lot, do it. It’s been really nice Q: How do you spend show. Success! In 2015, they sold “cookies for a cause.” But peddling it’s like people forgetting and encouraging to see how your downtime? baked goods to college students on their keys and their shoes. willing people are to do what Seth: We’re watching the Friday nights wasn’t exactly a gold But the reality is far differ- they normally get paid to O.J. show [FX’s American mine. They collected cash, but it was a major time and energy suck. This ent and far more depressing. do—for free. Crime Story: The People v. year, they got smart, hosting a talent O.J. Simpson]. It’s the show and selling cookies on the side. Q: Why are you the Q: Lauren, does greatest show ever. They sold about 350 show tickets (at $5 a pop) and invited anyone on perfect spokesperson dealing with Alzheimer’s Lauren: We spend a lot campus who wanted to perform— for Alzheimer’s? bring out Seth’s serious of time with our dog—she’s singers, bands, sports teams, and clubs. Seth: [Both laugh.] I side? How is he with a Cavalier King Charles #3 would never pretend that your mom? spaniel. We eat a lot. We’re DEEP POCKETS I am! There are much Lauren: My mom was diag- not exciting. We need a But the big money—about 75%—came more qualified people who nosed so early on in our rela- better answer for this, Seth. from deep-pocketed donors. The fraternity brothers tapped their parents could be doing this. tionship, so Seth and I say Seth: Well, we’re pretty to fork over funds (which the Foxes say Lauren: I’m going to that it might have torn down boring. [Pauses.] We eat was surprisingly easy). They also posted disagree with that, actually. walls that would’ve taken Buffalo wings a lot? donation requests on Facebook, sent emails, and picked up the phone to ask family and businesses to donate. Turns out people are generally happy to get behind the cause. For the Foxes, that was the whole point. Hanging out with Seth and Lauren is icing on the cake. Join the effort on Twitter (#HFC or @Hilar4Charity), Instagram (@hilarityforcharity), or online (hilarityforcharity.org). PREVIOUS SPREAD: CHUCK ZLOTNICK; THIS PAGE: JUDE DOMSKI/GETTY IMAGES FOR HILARITY FOR CHARITY HILARITY FOR FOR IMAGES DOMSKI/GETTY JUDE PAGE: THIS ZLOTNICK; CHUCK SPREAD: PREVIOUS

CAMPUS LIFE 30 SUMMER 2016 ARE YOU A COLLEGE STUDENT THAT

Hates Alzhemier’s & loves Seth Rogen?

Join Hilarity for Charity® University to help KICK ALZ IN THE BALLZ!

HFC U is a nationwide program that encourages and supports college groups to throw their very own Hilarity for Charity events to raise awareness and much needed funds for ﬁ ghting Alzheimer’s disease.

In addition, to supporting an amazing cause, the school that raises the most money for HFC U wins a campus visit from Seth Rogen.

Visit hilarityforcharity.org to learn more and sign up! SKIN TIPS M Y T H 3 You can get acne WELL from sweating. AND GOOD Acne TRUTH: While sweat alone can’t cause acne, a condition called acne mechanica is Myths caused by a combination of heat and friction, and developed by people who sweat under their helmets, tight- Busted fitting clothing, snug gym bag straps, and headbands. 1 BY M y T H 1 AYREN JACKSON- M Y T H 4 CANNADY Eating junk REVIEWED BY MOHIBA food makes you Washing your TAREEN,MD, WEBMD break out. face more MEDICAL REVIEWER frequently pre- TRUTH: New research links vents breakouts. diet to acne. Foods with a high-glycemic level (think: TRUTH: Over-washing your white breads, sugary drinks, face can make acne worse. and processed foods) may Cleansing any more than trigger the production of twice a day can dry the skin, androgens, a hormone re- which forces it to produce sponsible for oil production. more oil to compensate. Extra oil could lead to pore Wash once or twice a day with clogging and pimples. So a gentle, non-comedogenic instread of nixing them from (meaning it won’t clog your your diet completely, nosh on pores) cleanser like CeraVe French fries, chocolate bars, Hydrating Cleanser, says and milkshakes sparingly. Rebecca Kazin, MD, a dermatologist at the Washing- M Y T H 2 ton Institute of Dermatologic Sun exposure Laser Surgery. If your skin helps clear up feels dry or tight afterward, acne. apply a light moisturizer.

M Y T H 5 TRUTH: While “drying out acne” in the sun may seem Applying tooth- like a good idea, serious paste to a zit will damage may happen instead. clear it up. A suntan may help mask the redness of zits, but only TRUTH: Read Top 8 Acne Treatment The thinking is that temporarily. The risk of skin Mistakes at WebMD.com. toothpaste dries out a zit and cancer isn’t worth a tan; try therefore gets rid of it. While a bronzer or self-tanner on it may feel like it’s working, your face instead. toothpaste contains ingredients that can irritate skin. Stick to spot treatments, like “Benzoyl peroxide is one and kills acne-causing and wash off after about of the most effective bacteria. The secret is in the a minute. But remember: Clean and Clear Advantage AISLE DO ingredients for treating acne, patented delivery system Benzoyl peroxide can Acne Spot Treatment, Kazin but it can also be irritating that reduces the itch and bleach towels, so I suggest PANOXYL 4% if you have sensitive skin. sting that’s common with rinsing off well and using says. These contain salicylic BENZOYL This thick, creamy face other products infused with a white towel to dry your acid or benzoyl peroxide, PEROXIDE ACNE cleanser is the exception. It benzoyl peroxide. face.” —Marc Glashofer, CREAM WASH gently removes dirt, helps “Lather the cleanser MD, dermatologist, Garden which studies show can help ($11.99) to open up clogged pores, over your face once a day City, N.Y. clear up breakouts. JOVANOVIC/STOCKSY JOVO

The opinions expressed in this section are of the experts and are not the opinions of WebMD. WebMD does CAMPUS LIFE 32 SUMMER 2016 not endorse any specific product, service, or treatment. 1. 2 . 3. STRESS—OUT! STAY ON TOP SLEEP. ADD BREAKS. OF YOUR WORK. Lack of sleep Schedule down With papers, exams, and a nonstop social life to juggle, it’s Procrastination is a big source causes stress time between no wonder 80% of students feel stressed out. Managing college of stress. “Keeping up is the levels to soar. “Aim classes. Turn off your is a “constant balancing act,” says June Pilcher, PhD, a psychology secret.” Pace yourself. Do a for seven and a cellphone and go for professor at Clemson University in Clemson, S.C. She offers these little work each day to avoid a half hours a night, a walk. “It calms the tips to keep stress from overwhelming you. last-minute crush. minimum.” body and the brain.”

YOU ASKED Not-So-Well Rested Q: “My sleeping schedule is very erratic. I hardly have any nights where I sleep for the regular eight hours. How does this irregular sleeping affect my health?”

EMILY ZHAO, 22 SENIOR, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA

A: With an overload of impossible with your crazy activities and too little schedule, but a routine time to fit them in, it’s no can help. Try to fall asleep wonder college students are and wake up at the same notoriously bad sleepers. times each day—even on When you don’t sleep weekends. Keep your dorm enough, you can’t think room dark and cool. And clearly, you’re more likely turn off your computer to have mood issues, and and cellphone 30 minutes you could even gain weight. prior to bedtime to have The recommended seven an opportunity to unwind to nine hours might seem and relax.

—Lakshmy Ayyar, MD, assistant professor of medicine, pulmonary, critical care, and sleep Read 10 Things to Hate About Lost Sleep

DANIL NEVSKY/STOCKSY DANIL medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas at WebMD.com. Go Veg! If you’ve thought of going vegetarian or vegan—or are simply veg-curious—you’re in good company: Some 18 percent of college students consider themselves vegetarian. So whether you want to dabble in (or dive into) the world of plant-based eating, you’ll find lots of entry points along “the vegetarian spectrum.” Try a few and keep it healthy by including a variety of produce, protein, and starch (preferably from whole grains or starchy vegetables). Here, Rachel Meltzer Warren, MS, RD, author of The Smart Girl’s Guide to Going Vegetarian, describes some options.

VEGAN The most restricted type of plant-based eaters, vegans don’t eat any animal products whatsoever (sometimes including honey).

Foods to include: Lentils, beans, Pros: Done right, and tofu (which give you iron, zinc, it’s super healthy— and protein), nuts and seeds (protein for both you and and healthy fats), whole grains and the planet. a variety of fruits and vegetables Cons: Takes a lot (healthy starches, vitamins, minerals, of planning to do and phytonutrients). right.

LACTO-OVO VEGETARIAN The standard vegetarian diet includes no meat, poultry, GOTTA or seafood but does include dairy and egg products. Foods to include: Pros: Easier to follow than The vegan options, a vegan diet; lots of health HAVE IT— plus yogurt, milk, benefits. cheese, and eggs. Cons: Too easy to rely on cheese as a swap for meat (No turkey your opinion, for lunch? Cheese sandwich! No chicken in my burrito? Cheese burrito!)—and that can raise your that is! cholesterol.

WebMD Campus Life wants PESCATARIAN to hear from you about the These folks eat a vegetarian diet, plus seafood; they avoid stories and features in this issue. poultry and red meat. Foods to include: Everything Pros: Some health in the lacto-ovo vegetarian benefits (like heart Go online to take diet, plus seafood. Oily fish, disease prevention) like salmon and tuna, give are linked to eating a brief survey: you omega-3 fatty acids— fish. good for your brain and heart. Cons: If you’re going veg for ethical WebMD.com/ reasons, this can campuslifesurvey be hard to justify.

REDUCITARIAN Completing the survey This is a new phrase to describe people who aim to reduce their intake of meat. To try this approach, simply make an effort will enter you in our to eat more meatless meals than you currently do. sweepstakes for a Pros: It’s a forward-thinking Cons: With no chance to win one of ten approach, and allows anyone clear-cut definition, to jump on board to do a little it may be hard $25 gift cards. more than they did yesterday to follow this one. without a big commitment.

NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. A PURCHASE WILL NOT INCREASE YOUR CHANCES OF WINNING. OPEN ONLY TO LEGAL RESIDENTS OF THE 50 UNITED STATES AND BY KERRI-ANN JENNINGS THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA WHO ARE 18 AND OLDER. REVIEWED BY HANSA BHARGAVA, MD, WEBMD MEDICAL EDITOR VOID WHERE PROHIBITED. Sweepstakes ends September 30, 2016. For official rules, prize descriptions and odds disclosure, visit www.webmd.com/campuslifesurvey. Sponsor: WebMD, LLC, 395 Hudson St, New York, NY 10014.

CampusLife_Survey_1-3_Jul-Aug_PR.indd 1 6/16/16 11:10 AM THE CHECKUP

Q: Is it safe to smoke marijuana? YOU ASKED A: Am I going to say that smoking weed isn’t fun? No, I’m not. But be mindful that Weeding even using it once puts you at risk. It can harm the still developing brains of 18- to Out the 24-year-olds, potentially causing mood changes, anxiety, psychosis, and cognitive decline, which will affect Truth your academic performance. It makes driving dangerous and ups your vulnerability to sexual victimization. And the more frequently you use it, the more your risk goes up for these and other problems. So think before you light up that joint. Marijuana use could affect —Scott Krakower, DO, your attention and memory, and assistant unit chief, impact your schoolwork. psychiatry, Zucker Hill Hospital, Glen Oaks, N.Y.

1 . 2. 3. 4 . 5. HEAD SAFE, NOT BUGGING OUT OF SEEING GET THEE TO THE CASE SORRY OUT ACTION RED “Any head injury “If you had “If you’ve got a “If an injury “A fever and a HEALTH CENTER! that causes you to unprotected sex and stomach bug and causes pain rash could mean lose consciousness are worried about can’t keep anything that can’t be measles, German Not sure if you need to even briefly needs pregnancy, time down—which is controlled by measles, chicken visit campus health to be checked out really matters, so get really common— over-the-counter pox—all highly services? Here are five as soon as possible,” to health services,” you’ll quickly get painkillers or you contagious,” says David Baron, MD, situations where you Baron says. “Most much worse due can’t use the Baron. “You’re executive director pharmacists can to dehydration injured limb or living in close don’t want to wait. of the Arthur Ashe dispense morning- and electrolyte joint at all, get it quarters with Student Health after pills without a imbalances,” Baron evaluated right large numbers & Wellness Center doctor’s appointment. says. “If it lasts longer away,” Baron says. of people, so at UCLA, says. Then, schedule than eight to 12 hours “If you can’t walk we will want to BY MATT Mc MILLEN “You could have testing for sexually or you feel you’ll or even limp on diagnose, treat, a concussion or REVIEWED BY transmitted diseases, pass out, get to your your ankle, for and if necessary, BRUNILDA NAZARI0, MD bleeding in the like gonorrhea, health center. It’s example, it’s likely isolate you

KAMIL BIALOUS KAMIL WEBMD LEAD MEDICAL EDITOR brain.” chlamydia, and HIV.” easily correctable.” fractured.” ASAP.”

CAMPUS LIFE 35 SUMMER 2016

STUDY DRUGS R x for T rouble It may be common to take prescription “study drugs” to keep you going, but it’s not smart

efore you graduate, B chances are someone’s going to offer you a prescription stimulant—to help you study, pull an all-nighter, or bump up your grades. Don’t fall for a “study drug.” It’s illegal, it’s bad for you, and it’s bad for your GPA. If you have a diagnosed condition like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 1/3 (ADHD), stimulants such One third of U.S. college as Adderall and Ritalin are students say they take a non-prescribed stimulant both helpful and safe. But to help them study. for other people, stimulants counter your exhaustion and stimulants also indicate poor Source: do much more harm than inability to focus. academic performance or NIH good. They boost blood pres- “It becomes a vicious decreasing academic perfor- sure and heart rate, putting cycle,” says Stacy Andes, EdD, mance over time, which is you at risk for stroke. And director of health promotion the opposite of what students they lead to addiction. at Villanova University in expect,” Andes says.

Stimulants also spoil sleep Villanova, Pennsylvania. And —Matt McMillen and rob you of your appetite, that vicious cycle may just too little of which often leads sink your grades. “Students REVIEWED BY AREFA CASSOOBHOY, MD, MPH to more stimulant abuse to who say they’re abusing WEBMD MEDICAL EDITOR

Your mind wanders in class. because their symptoms ASK FOR HELP Nadeau recommends CONDITION: ADHD You can’t get and stay raised no red flags in their “ADHD becomes evident you pay attention to organized. Sound familiar? pre-college years. This when the demands of any new difficulties and Feeling distracted and These are a few of the is particularly true for the situation are greater make an appointment with disorganized? Maybe this is why. hallmark signs of attention girls, who seldom display than you can meet,” says student health services deficit hyperactivity disorder the hyperactivity often Kathleen Nadeau, PhD, right away, before your

REVIEWED BY (ADHD), and it could be characteristic of ADHD. clinical director of the grades start to slip and HANSA BHARGAVA, MD behind your newfound Smart, driven students with Chesapeake ADHD Center anxiety begins to build. WEBMD MEDICAL EDITOR struggles in school. supportive parents can often in Silver Spring, Maryland, — Matt McMillen Many students with the ace high school despite the and author of A College disorder have not been disorder. But that frequently Survival Guide for

previously diagnosed changes in college. Students With ADD or LD. BOROS/STOCKSY BEATRIX

CAMPUS LIFE 36 SUMMER 2016 SEX ED STDs 101

Don’t let a lack of knowledge about STDs turn you into another statistic

ere’s a fact that should symptoms, especially right H wake you up: Young after you catch them. adults contract half of the If you have had unsafe 20 million cases of HPV, sex or if a condom broke, chlamydia, trich, gonorrhea, get tested within two to HIV, and other sexually three weeks, says J. Dennis transmitted diseases (STDs) Fortenberry, MD, MS, chair diagnosed each year in the of the American Sexual U.S. Many STDs (also called Health Association’s board STIs, or sexually transmit- of directors and a professor ted infections) have no of pediatrics and medicine at Indiana University. “The sooner you’re tested, the sooner you’re treated, TRIPLE THREAT “All STDs Protect yourself from the most common sexually transmitted diseases can cause complications, STD HOW IT’S WHOM SYMPTOMS TREATMENT PREVENTION SPREAD IT AFFECTS and most

Human Via vaginal, Men and Rare, but can No Vaccine of those Papillomavirus oral, and women include genital treatment complications (HPV) anal sex with warts, cervical, for someone who penile, throat, and the virus. are a product has the virus anal cancers. of a longer Chlamydia Through Men and Often occurs Treated with Latex time without vaginal, oral, women without symptoms antibiotics. condoms and anal but can cause Untreated, treatment.” sex with abnormal discharge it can someone who from the penis permanently has it and vagina and a harm a woman’s the sooner you let your burning sensation ability to have during urination. children. partner know, the better the outcome,” Fortenberry Trichomoniasis Spread Men and Symptoms rarely Treated with Latex says. “All STDs can cause (aka trich) during women occur but can antibiotics. condoms complications, and most sex include itching Untreated, it in or around the can increase of those complications are genitals, discomfort risk of other a product of a longer time during urination or STDs and sex, and abnormal complicate without treatment.” discharge. pregnancies. —Matt McMillen

REVIEWED BY

MAURO GRIGOLLO/STOCKSY MAURO BRUNILDA NAZARIO, MD, WEBMD LEAD MEDICAL EDITOR

CAMPUS LIFE 37 SUMMER 2016 Healthy lifestyle.

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Calming Tiny Nerves

School days are just around the corner, but your child probably isn’t ready to let go of summer yet. Joan Munson, PhD, a psycho therapist in Boulder, Colorado, helps you get your child emotionally ready for school.

Expect pushback. Younger children may whine or be more aggressive or clingy. Older kids may start sleeping until noon or mouthing off. “That’s how fear and anxiety manifest in the pre-teen and teen years,” Munson says.

Stay calm. Make openings for your children to talk about how they’re feeling: “I know school’s starting. That can be hard. I remember middle school was scary.” A prickly tween may snarl back, “It’s NOT hard!” But just gently make clear that your door’s open for discussion, says Munson.

Transition slowly. Over the last few weeks of summer, schedule pool time or play dates with kids who will be in their class. Review summer reading. Move meals and bedtimes back to school-year schedules. “Ease back into a school routine, rather than making frenzied changes in that last week,” Munson says. —Gina Shaw BLEND IMAGES/KIDSTOCK/GETTY IMAGES IMAGES/KIDSTOCK/GETTY BLEND

W ebMD.COM 39 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Get the WebMD Pregnancy App to keep track every day, until that FAMILY& special day. PARENTING LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

is partly the result of your No matter which activity expanding uterus putting you do outdoors, remember pressure on your leg veins to slather on a thick layer of and slowing blood circulation. SPF 30 or higher sunscreen Fluid retention also causes beforehand. Your skin is just swelling. Though it might as prone to damaging burns seem counterintuitive, Gos- now as it was before you sett suggests that you drink conceived. Sun exposure can more fluids—especially water. also worsen melasma—dark The extra liquid will flush patches on the face that are salt (which can contribute to so common during these swelling) out of your system nine months that they’re and keep you hydrated in often called the “mask of hot weather. Extra fluids can pregnancy.” If you have also prevent urinary tract melasma, throw on a broad- infections, which become brimmed hat and a pair of more likely during pregnancy UV-protective sunglasses for as your urinary tract widens, added protection. giving bacteria an easier Arm yourself against entry route. summer bugs, too. The Activity also combats foot biggest insect threat to and ankle swelling, Gossett pregnancy is the mosquito- says. “The reason is that borne Zika virus, which has when you walk or run or been linked to increased exercise, the squeezing of rates of the birth defect, PREGNANCY your leg muscles helps move microcephaly. Because of that fluid up where it’s sup- this very serious risk, “Preg- posed to be.” Swimming is nant women absolutely Summer Bump one of the best types of exer- should not travel to any area cise to do during pregnancy. where Zika virus has been HOW TO KEEP YOUR COOL WHEN YOU’RE EXPECTING It cools you off, and, “When reported,” Gossett says. you’re in the water, it takes a If your partner visits the By Stephanie Watson lot of pressure off your hips, Caribbean, Mexico, Cen- lower back, and joints.” tral America, or any other Pregnancy comes with at Northwestern University Swim as much as you want, regions where Zika is known its own set of physical Feinberg School of Medicine. but avoid riskier water sports to spread, use condoms for trials and tribulations—the To stay cool, take advan- like scuba diving. The drop in the rest of your pregnancy. backaches and sore breasts, tage of your more spacious pressure can put your baby Men can transmit the virus the urgent bladder, the maternity wardrobe. Wear at risk for decompression to their partners during sex. restless sleep. Schlepping loose, flowing summer sickness, a life-threatening a swollen belly through dresses and lightweight, condition that causes gas Reviewed by bubbles to form in the blood- Nivin C.S. Todd, MD the summer heat and breathable clothes made WebMD Medical Reviewer humidity only magnifies from cotton and other stream and tissues. the discomfort. natural fibers. Also give your That’s because “pregnant feet some breathing room in women are more sensitive comfortable sandals or can- ? ASK YOUR OB/GYN to the heat,” thanks to vas shoes. Shoes should offer 1. How much extra fluid should I drink? increased body temperature good support and cushion. 2. Which exercises are safest? and weight, says Dana Gos- Whenever you can, prop up 3. Which activities should I avoid? sett, MD, chief of general your feet to relieve swelling in 4. How can I relieve swollen ankles and feet?

PEATHEGEE INC/GETTY IMAGES INC/GETTY PEATHEGEE obstetrics and gynecology your feet and ankles, which 5. What are the signs that I’m overheated?

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BABY TALK Safe Haven CHECK YOUR HOME FOR PRODUCTS THAT COULD BE RISKY FOR YOUR BABY

By Stephanie Watson

health effects of these chemicals, but they’ve been linked in early studies to cancer, reproductive problems, and developmental issues. Use fragrance-free products, or buy ones marked phthalate-free instead. Flame retardants. Couch cush- ions, carpets, and TVs—almost every- where you look in your home, you’ll see something treated with fire retardant. One class called polybrominated diphe- nyl ethers (PBDEs) may disrupt hormones in the body. Research has linked exposure with delayed development, early puberty, and other health effects in children. Companies have phased out PBDEs, but other flame retardant chemicals are still in use. Many retail- ers, including Crate and Barrel, La-Z- Boy, and IKEA, have removed all flame Many common household items Pesticides. Chemical bug killers retardants from their furniture. If you contain hazardous substances, have been linked to cancer, immune don’t plan to purchase new furniture, some of which can interfere with the problems, and nervous system damage. check that foam isn’t peeking out of body’s hormones. These chemicals One study found boys with detectable your current sofa and chairs. might not pose a problem for you, but levels of a common household pesticide Plastics. Bisphenol A (BPA) they could affect your baby’s health. in their urine were twice as likely to is a chemical ingredient in plastic “Babies’ bodies are still immature, have ADHD symptoms as boys without products that mimics the effects of the and they lack the ability to clear chemi- these levels. If you have a bug problem, hormone estrogen in the body. After cals and other substances quickly,” says use natural pest control products or researchers linked BPA to health prob- Kimberly Yolton, PhD, developmental sticky traps instead of chemical sprays. lems, including obesity, early puberty, psychologist, epidemiologist, and Cleaners. Some commercial home and prostate and ovarian cancers, professor of pediatrics at Cincinnati cleaning products contain harsh companies pulled this substance from Children’s Hospital Medical Center. chemicals such as chlorine, formal- their baby bottles, sippy cups, and other Babies’ main exposure to chemicals dehyde, and solvents that can burn products. Yet a 2011 study found the is by breathing in or eating them. skin, irritate eyes, damage lungs, and chemicals used to replace BPA might Chemical particles that land in floor increase cancer risk in large enough not be any safer. Almost all the BPA-free dust can ultimately end up in a baby’s exposures. Check the Environmental products researchers tested leached mouth. Dusting and vacuuming is one Working Group’s Guide to Healthy estrogen-like chemicals into foods. Don’t way to keep these chemicals away from Cleaning or Mother Earth Living for put plastic bottles and sippy cups in your child. a list of greener cleaners. the microwave or dishwasher. Heat can Don’t panic and throw out every Soap, shampoo, detergent, and cause small amounts of the chemical to product you own, but “be edu- creams. Almost every scented per- leach into foods and drinks. cated about what’s in your home,” sonal care product and plastic you buy Yolton recommends. Watch out for contains chemicals called phthalates. Reviewed by Hansa Bhargava, MD WebMD Medical Editor

SVETIKD/GETTY IMAGES SVETIKD/GETTY these items: Researchers don’t yet know the full

W ebMD.COM 41 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Read Anxiety Disorders in Children, an article at FAMILY& WebMD.com. PARENTING LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

KIDS’ HEALTH Young and Anxious THINK YOUR CHILD MAY NEED HELP? HERE’S HOW TO FIND THE RIGHT PROFESSIONAL

By Gina Shaw

By changing the thoughts, CHOOSING you can change the feelings. A THERAPIST For anxiety disorders, it’s TO FIND THE RIGHT essential to combine CBT ONE FOR YOUR CHILD, FOLLOW THESE STEPS with exposure therapy, in SUGGESTED BY PSYCHO which the child gradually LOGIST JONATHAN COMER, PhD. and systematically con- fronts situations or objects Search for therapists that they’re afraid of.” in the online directory For example, if your child established by the has anxiety about riding Association for Behav- ioral and Cognitive in elevators, the therapist Therapies. would help them slowly approach the fear. First, Ask how long the thera- they might push the button pist does in-session to call the elevator and just exposure therapy for anxiety. “Many thera- look inside when the doors pists say they do CBT for open. Next, they might take anxiety, but they don’t Does your 8-year-old psychiatric disorders later one step in, leaving one do in-session exposure,” daughter worry that in life like panic attacks and foot in the hallway. Another Comer says. “That’s you’ll get into a car crash social phobias. Treatment step might be going all like making an omelet without the eggs. The when you drive to work? can change the world for the way inside, but hold- active ingredient in CBT Does your 10-year-old son your child—you just have to ing the emergency button for anxiety is exposure become upset and panicky find the right therapy. so the doors won’t close. to the fears.” at the thought of meeting Several psychotherapy “This might all be across new kids at a birthday options exist, including several weeks,” Comer Ask how long the therapist expects treatment party? You might be dealing family, group, and play says. “What’s important to last. It shouldn’t be with an anxiety disorder. therapies. An approach is that they are practicing more than four months. Anxiety is the most com- called cognitive behavioral their skills in increasingly “Extended treatment mon psychiatric disorder therapy (CBT) is commonly frightening situations, with aimed at finding the root affecting children, according considered to be the most a therapist they are com- cause of the anxiety is usually not helpful, to the Child Mind Institute. effective treatment for anxi- fortable with.” because the causes More than 40% of the 17.1 ety in children, according Cognitive behavioral are many. There’s no million U.S. kids diagnosed to Jonathan Comer, PhD, therapy is very effective, ‘single bullet’ model of with a psychiatric condition an associate professor of but therapy alone doesn’t childhood anxiety. Even have some type of anxiety psychology and psychiatry always get a child’s anxiety awareness of the cause doesn’t help change under control. If the anxi- disorder, and more than 8% at Florida International things,” Comer says. are severely impaired by University who specializes in ety persists, prescription their anxiety. But 80% of childhood anxiety disorders. medications—particularly

children with anxiety dis- “It focuses on the fact that certain antidepressants— Reviewed by orders don’t get treatment, thoughts, behaviors, and can be useful in treating an Roy Benaroch, MD WebMD Medical Reviewer

IZABELA HABUR/GETTY IMAGES HABUR/GETTY IZABELA which can lead to serious feelings are all connected. anxiety disorder.

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noted around 2000. We’ve become more competitive and self-focused with the rise of reality television; even musical lyrics that once said ‘Two hearts beat as one’ now say ‘I this,’ and ‘I that.’ In books we’re seeing far more ‘I’s’ and fewer ‘we’s.’ Kids used to want to grow up and become something, do something. Now they simply say: ‘rich and famous.’” What is the antidote to the Me-Me- Me Era? Turns out teaching empathy— the ability to put oneself in another’s shoes and imagine how that person feels—to children as young as age 1 or 2, and continuing to both model and reinforce empathy until they’re old enough to leave home, is key. So how do you combat narcissism and instill empathy in your children? Borba offers these nine ideas: 1. Develop emotional literacy. In an age of texting, kids fail to recognize facial cues and voice intonation. To understand their own feelings and the feelings of others, PARENTING Borba advises “regular, scheduled unplugged time. Take back the family meal. Put down the cellphone Me, Myself—and I? and talk. Eye to eye. So you can see and hear each other’s expressions HOW TO TEACH EMPATHY TO YOUR CHILDREN and meaning.” IN A SELFIE-OBSESSED WORLD 2. Make a family mission By Lauren Paige Kennedy statement. “Tell your kids: ‘This is what our family stands for: You are You probably do it. If your among younger generations? Are kids expected to be kind. Caring. Socially children are preteens or older, losing their sense of compassion and responsible to others.’ Create a sign they surely do it, too: take endless community? of this statement and hang it on the “selfies” to document life’s moments, Yes, maintains Michele Borba, EdD, refrigerator, so they see and inter- however inconsequential. Fuss with author of Unselfie: Why Empathetic nalize it everyday.” Parents must filters to display an enhanced version Kids Succeed in Our All-About-Me also practice what they preach. of reality. And then post these curated World. Unsettling research she out- 3. Stay “other” focused. “Teach shots to an array of social networks, lines in her book suggests a staggering your kids to ask: ‘How would I feel as chasing after new followers and “likes” 58% rise in self-centered thoughts, that other person?’ Ask this when you for positive affirmation. aspirations, and actions among Amer- discipline. Ask them when you watch Your kids also probably text ican college kids across demographics TV. Point to a character who goes rather than talk, their devices both during the past three decades, with a through something difficult and ask: an instrument for, and a barrier to, 40% decrease in empathic behavior. ‘What does she need to feel better?’ true communication. “The ‘selfie syndrome’ is not Ask it enough and empathy kicks in.” Is this growing level of navel gaz- entirely about photo-taking and 4. Read good books. Introduce ing and indirect exchange promot- social networks,” Borba explains. “It literary fiction, such as Charlotte’s ing a rise in narcissism and loss of refers to a shift in our overall culture Web, Borba suggests, with rich moral

SILKE WOWERIES/GETTY IMAGES WOWERIES/GETTY SILKE empathy in our culture, especially to hyperindividualism, a change first dilemmas to teach empathy. “The

W ebMD.COM 44 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Read Help! My Kid Is a Jerk, FAMILY& an article at WebMD.com. PARENTING LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

young adult novel Wonder is another great example,” she says. 5. Just breathe. Kids need to learn how to manage their emotions through self-regulation. “When stress builds, we sometimes all go into survival mode and turn off empathy,” Borba says. “Deep breathing is a way to get to a more mindful state. I tell kids to take slow, deep breaths from their tummy. You can teach even the youngest children this technique. It’s fabulous for teens. It helps them to chill out.” 6. Practice kindness. If you behave kindly, kindness becomes a habit. “I know of a family that “If you behave trol.’ The second is ‘chunk it’: ‘I can instructs their kids as they’re leaving get through the next five minutes.’ for the day to do two randomly kind kindly, kindness When those five minutes are done, things and report back at dinner. Sim- becomes a habit.” say it again to take small steps toward ple stuff, like smiling at another child, conquering a problem. The third is or opening the door for a teacher. I turns telling the problem without deep breathing, which drives away promise, they love the positive rein- interruption or put-downs, narrow fear. And the fourth is doing a mental forcement they receive. It develops a the choices toward a solution, decide rehearsal to visualize success.” caring mindset, and not just during on it, shake hands—and let it go.” 9. Grow a difference-maker! the holidays. Have fun with this: cre- 8. Stick your neck out. Children “Parents need to give their kids ate a basket of kindness index cards who learn moral courage become opportunities to serve and give back and let the kids come up with ideas. future leaders, according to Borba, … and, just as important, they need to Everyday, tell them to pick two.” who has studied the works and follow their passions, and encourage 7. Teach conflict resolution. biographies of 30 Nobel Prize win- kids to chase their own,” Borba says. “Team players are collaborators and ners. “They’re the kids who can’t “Also, use newspapers, and not for problem-solvers when conflicts arise,” stand bullying or seeing another kid doom and gloom; all the negative can says Borba. Still, society can be so upset,” says Borba. Still, it can be be numbing. Find uplifting stories and competitive. “I encourage younger daunting to take a stand. “The Navy read them to kids before bed to fill kids to work out conflicts with games Seals learn four techniques to pass them with the wonder of the world.” of Rock-Paper-Scissors, which teaches rigorous training tests for challeng- empathy through play. An oldie but ing situations,” she adds. “Teach Reviewed by Hansa Bhargava, MD a goodie.” She instructs older kids to them to your kids. The first is posi- WebMD Medical Editor

ADAM HESTER/GETTY IMAGES HESTER/GETTY ADAM “Stop, listen to their feelings, take tive self-talk: ‘I’m calm and in con-

W ebMD.COM 45 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Check out Prevent Outdoor Pet Hazards, a slideshow at FAMILY& WebMD.com. PARENTING LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

PET HEALTH Keeping Their Cool PETS CAN OVERHEAT EASILY DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS. FOLLOW THIS ADVICE TO PROTECT THEM

By Sonya Collins

What’s the harm in heat? Dogs and cats cool off through panting, not sweating. When the heat becomes more than their bodies can regulate, pets can suffer heatstroke, which can cause irreversible organ damage and even death. Pets can get too warm when they’re in a hot place for too long— like inside a parked car—or when they overexert themselves. Of course, dogs are more likely to do this than cats. “Dogs have more of a desire to please us, so they run along with us and keep going even when they’re tired or hot,” Schoeffler says. Some pets may be at greater risk of serious harm than others. Brachyce- phalic dogs and cats—the ones with the cute flat faces, such as pugs, bulldogs, and Persian cats—have an especially low tolerance for heat. “They can’t move as much air through their nose and mouth. That means they can’t dissipate heat as quickly as others, and they’re predisposed to becoming overheated,” Schoeffler says. Overweight pets, the very young, the very old, and The dog days of summer are pets with pre-existing heart or respi- near (or here). But the heat is ? ASK YOUR VET ratory problems might also be more no picnic for your pet. “Dogs and cats 1. When is it too hot for outdoor pets susceptible to injury from heat. don’t sweat like we do, so heat affects to stay outside all day? Keep pets cool. You can help keep them differently. Becoming overheated 2. What kind of exercise can I do your pet cool with a few simple tips. can be a life-threatening condition,” with my dog on hot days? Never leave your pet in a parked car. says Gretchen Schoeffler, DVM, chief 3. Would shaving my dog help keep “Even on a relatively cool day, if the of Emergency and Critical Care at him cool? sun is out, the inside of a car can get Cornell University College of Veterinary 4. Does my pet need sunscreen? really hot very quickly,” Schoeffler says. Medicine. You can help your four-legged What kind can I use? Make fresh water available at friends keep cool when you know the 5. What’s the best product to keep my all times—indoors and out. Make signs of overheating, how to prevent it, pets free of fleas, ticks, and heartworms? sure pets have access to shade when

JOVO JOVANOVIC/STOCKSY JOVO and what to do when it happens. 6. How do I check for ticks? they’re outside.

W ebMD.COM 46 JULY/AUGUST 2016 FAMILY& PARENTING

Limit outdoor exercise on hot days. “If you’re out on a run and your “If your dog If it feels hot to you, it’s even hotter dog wants to stop and sit down, pay for your pets. Be extra careful when attention to that. Don’t push them wants to stop humidity is high—it inhibits pets’ to do more than they want to do,” and sit down, ability to pant. Take walks during the Schoeffler says. cooler hours of the day. And don’t What should you do? pay attention forget, your dog is barefooted. Try If you think your pet is overheated, to that. Don’t to stay off hot surfaces, like black cool him down slowly. Cooling down asphalt. It can burn little paws. too fast can cause more problems. push pets to If your dog has a thin coat, you Get into the shade or indoors with do more than can limit sun exposure by putting air conditioning. Wet your pet with sunscreen on him. You can use a spe- lukewarm water under a faucet or a they want to do.” cial pet formulation or some human hose. Don’t submerge him in a tub sunscreens, but not the ones that or sink. That could cool him down contain zinc oxide. These can be toxic too fast. And don’t cover your wet for pets. pet with a wet towel or anything else When you’re out in the summer for that matter. Let the airflow reach heat with your furry friends, pay him. Offer small amounts of drinking attention to signs of overheating and water frequently. As your pet cools heatstroke. They include panting; down, call your veterinarian for fur- excessive drooling; a racing heart; ther instructions. dark red tongue, gums, or inner ears, which should be light pink; diarrhea; Reviewed by Will Draper, DVM vomiting; dizziness; lack of coordina- WebMD Medical Reviewer

JOVO JOVANOVIC/STOCKSY JOVO tion; and lethargy.

W ebMD.COM 47 JULY/AUGUST 2016 FIGHTING THROUGH In 2012, Nick Cannon was diagnosed with the autoimmune disease lupus. Scared and confused, he worried about his future. Four years later he’s thriving, and wants to show others that living with a chronic illness is not an end, but a new beginning.

BY MATT Mc MILLEN PHOTOGRAPHY BY STEVEN BRAHMS

W ebMD.COM 48 JULY/AUGUST 2016 W ebMD.COM 49 JULY/AUGUST 2016 A Wakeup Call t the tail end of 2011, Cannon began to feel fatigued and his knees started Nick’s Advice to swell. A few days into 2012, he was hospitalized in Aspen, Colorado, Nick Cannon doesn’t think of himself as where he’d been celebrating New a role model. “A role is Year’s with his then-wife Mariah Carey something you play.” But and their 1-year-old twins, Monroe if you have a chronic and Moroccan. His kidneys, he soon illness—or simply need to improve your health— learned, had begun to fail. At first, his follow his script. doctors could not identify the cause. Eat right to “No one understood it, I think, because of feel your best. how confusing lupus is and how long it takes “You get out of your A body what you put into to diagnose someone with it,” Cannon recalls. your body. It makes such OME MORNINGS, “The doctors were quite nervous and scared. an amazing difference.” Nick Cannon struggles 30 minutes to get out of bed. There was a lot of whispering going on around Plan work, play, “I don’t necessarily look sick, but there are me. I’m like, hey, I’m a full grown man, you’ve and other activities times when I wake up and I can’t move,” says got to talk to me about this. What’s going on?” according to Cannon, who talks candidly about lupus, the The reaction of Cannon’s doctors does not what you can do. chronic illness that was diagnosed in 2012 and surprise Gary S. Gilkeson, MD, a professor of “It’s really about time management and adjust- Sthat he’ll live with for the rest of his life. “It’s a medicine at the Medical University of South ing. More than saying, ‘I tough disease.” Carolina in Charleston. can’t do something,’ it’s At the moment, the 35-year-old comedian, “It’s difficult to diagnose lupus because most about prioritizing.” musician, actor, director, and producer is at a primary care physicians don’t see it very often, Find humor wherever NASCAR track in Memphis, where he’s at work so it’s not high on their radar,” says Gilkeson, and whenever you can. “We laugh to keep from on the eighth season of his popular MTV improv who chairs the Lupus Foundation of America’s crying. Laughter is comedy series Wild ’N Out. Medical-Scientific Advisory Council and is not the best medicine. Also in the works for this summer is season involved in Cannon’s care. “Common symptoms I definitely feel that way. If anything, I try not to eleven of America’s Got Talent, which Cannon has such as fatigue, joint pain, and skin rashes take life too seriously.” hosted since 2009. He calls both “the best sum- could be due to a variety of causes.” Seek comfort mer jobs in the world.” Systemic lupus erythematosus, better known when you need it. “Currently, I’m on 12 television shows, I’ve got simply as lupus, is a chronic autoimmune disease “For me, in the early movies coming out this year, music, and that causes the body’s immune system to attack days, that meant a lot touring,” Cannon says. “People are like, man, I healthy tissue. Normally, the immune system of prayer, a lot of meditation, and having thought you were supposed to be slowing down.” goes into action only against viruses, bacteria, people who really loved He knows he needs to. Last July, his hectic and other health threats. An estimated 1.5 million and cared about me schedule landed him in the hospital. He had Americans have lupus. Though 90% of them are being around.” developed dangerous blood clots and other lupus women, the smaller number of men with the dis- However you can, complications. He snapped a selfie while in his ease tend to fare more poorly, though it’s not clear find the positives. “Once I got control over bed. His Instagram confession read, “Sometimes why, says Gilkeson. it and took destiny into I can be a little too bull headed and stubborn. I Lupus develops most often in people between my own hands, I felt like gotta stop running my body to the ground.” the ages of 15 and 44. While anyone can get living with lupus made me a better person.” Cannon, used to nights with little to no sleep, lupus, African-Americans, Latinos, and Native to working nonstop, now has to work at finding Americans are at higher risk, likely due to Put your health first. “I make sure each and and maintaining a balance. “Before the lupus, I genetic factors. every morning that the was always one who burned the candle at both Most Americans in the age group at the high- first thing I take care ends. That still drives me quite a bit. But with est risk of lupus know little or nothing about of is myself. That is my number one priority.” that mentality comes a responsibility to take care the disease. Cannon had never heard of it at of myself.” the time of his diagnosis and it scared him. He worried especially for his children. Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD “The first thing I asked when I was diag- WebMD Lead Medical Editor nosed was does this mean my children have the

W ebMD.COM 50 JULY/AUGUST 2016 “I’m just as vibrant and as fly and as exciting as I’ve ever been, if not more now that I have the disease.”

“I’m just as vibrant and as fly and as exciting as I’ve ever been, if not more now that I have the disease.”

W ebMD.COM 51 JULY/AUGUST 2016 “I always let my kids know that they don’t need to worry, dad’s going to be OK.” Check out A Visual Guide to Understanding Lupus, a slideshow at WebMD.com. LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

possibility of contracting the disease,” Cannon as much as possible while maintaining a balance says. “The doctors put me at ease and let me so that I don’t overhydrate.” know that it didn’t really work that way. That The biggest challenge he continues to face: Take Charge was a relief. I always let my kids know that they getting enough sleep. Chronic illnesses like don’t need to worry, dad’s going to be OK. That’s “My doctor demanded that I get at least six lupus can strain relation- ships, lead to anxiety and something that I try to put forward each and hours and try to stretch it to eight, but I was depression, and leave you every day.” a guy who was getting zero to two hours some feeling helpless. Don’t Doctors also don’t understand what causes nights,” says Cannon, who is also chief brand let that happen, says Los lupus. Several factors may play a role, including officer for Radio Shack. “I take pride in how Angeles-based psychologist Debra Borys, PhD, the hormone estrogen, genetics, and environ- hard I work, but I’ve learned that my symptoms who specializes in working mental influences. Smoking, for example, may flare up when I overexert myself.” with patients as they increase a person’s risk; so can certain types of But his new life has been tough. confront chronic disease. Here’s what you can do: viral infections. “Different people have different “Making real changes—it takes time and it triggers,” says Gilkeson. isn’t the easiest thing to do. A lot of people make Collect evidence It can be hard to stick to Like many people with lupus, Cannon has lifestyle changes for a certain period of time to lifestyle changes, so log a complication called lupus nephritis, which get in shape. I’m doing it to stay alive.” how you feel in a daily causes the disease to target the kidneys. African- journal, says Borys. You’ll Americans and those diagnosed with lupus as likely see that you do Giving Back better on days when you children develop lupus nephritis more often annon’s not in this only for him- follow your prescribed than other lupus patients. Most do well with self. Soon after his diagnosis, he regimen, and that will proper medication and lifestyle changes, but began efforts to raise awareness help you stick to it. 10% to 30% will eventually require regular about lupus. He started a You- Talk openly A chronic illness can be dialysis or a kidney transplant. Tube series called the “Ncredible tough on you and your Fortunately, doctors caught Cannon’s lupus Health Hustle,” which docu- partner. For example, you early, before it had a chance to do real damage mented his daily life with lupus. may feel guilty because to his kidneys. He says his long-term outcome He teamed up with the Lupus you can’t do things you used to do. Don’t looks bright. In fact, he feels better than ever. Foundation of America to film a shy away from difficult “I’m just as vibrant and as fly and as exciting public service announcement in topics. Instead, Borys as I’ve ever been, if not more now that I have the August 2014. That same month, says, set aside time to disease,” says Cannon, who practices martial he served as the Grand Marshall calmly discuss how each of you feel and find ways arts, lifts weights, and meditates. “I see it as a for the LFA’s Walk to End Lupus Now event to restore your relation- blessing, not a curse. I have lupus, lupus does Cin Washington, D.C. He’s also participated in ship’s equilibrium. not have me.” events in Los Angeles. Make a plan “If I can be an inspiration for others with Are you goal-oriented? Lifestyle Changes the condition or a similar condition, then I Make your illness a project, Borys advises. upus has required Cannon to adapt to wear that with pride and embrace the duty Plan out steps to comply new rules. His diet, for example, has wholeheartedly,” he says. “Stepping up and with your treatment goals changed dramatically. In an effort to being the face of lupus has actually helped me and stay on top of control the high blood pressure that get through it.” your to-do list. lupus nephritis invariably causes, he has He wants others with lupus—or any chronic Search inside

Borys recommends mind-, cut out processed foods, a major source illness—to learn from his example and follow fulness and other forms of sodium. He now chooses fish over his lead. “Don’t sit dormant, whatever you do. of meditation, relaxation meat as his main source of protein. And Don’t let it eat you away. Keep your mind active, training, guided imagery, he’s learned to love fruits and vegetables. keep your body active if possible. That’s always and, if you can safely prac- L tice it, restorative yoga. “I love to snack, but now I make sure those my message. When something like this is placed Face reality snacks are healthy, like berries and fruit instead in front of you, instead of folding and cowering The disease may require of candy,” says Cannon, who cops to a sweet in a corner, say, ‘All right, this was given to me to you to slow down, so pace tooth. “I’ve become kind of a nerd about that.” hold up and show people that I can beat this and yourself rather than He also drinks a gallon of water a day. “Water be as strong as possible.’ push yourself. has been my savior,” Cannon says. “The disease “Until my last day, I’ll hold my head high as a attacks my kidneys, so I need to keep hydrated lupus warrior.”

W ebMD.COM 53 JULY/AUGUST 2016 NOT JUST A WOUND OF WAR, POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER CAN AFFLICT ANYONE WHO UNDERGOES TRAUMA

BY KATHERINE KAM ILLUSTRATIONS BY BRIAN STAUFFER

W ebMD.COM 54 JULY/AUGUST 2016 W ebMD.COM 55 JULY/AUGUST 2016 THE SIGHT OF A STREET LAMP FLOODS SAL SCHITTINO’S MIND WITH ANXIETY. “A LIGHT POST MAKES MY HEART RACE,” HE SAYS, “ESPECIALLY AT NIGHT OR ON A SIDE STREET.”

Two years ago, he slumped against a lamppost in a Baltimore Medicine, has seen people come through the University Medical alley at 4 a.m., almost dying. Schittino, a 24-year-old visitor Center’s trauma unit after being injured in car or construction from Ellicott City, Maryland, had gone out for pizza and was accidents, falling from heights, or being shot or stabbed. walking back to join friends when a teenager snatched his cell- Patients went home treated physically, but not mentally. “We phone. Then he attacked Schittino with a knife, stabbing him knew that there was a tremendous amount of need that wasn’t in the heart, lung, abdomen, and back. being addressed,” Conrad says. He now directs a program to “It was very overwhelming. I was bleeding out quite heav- screen all trauma patients for symptoms of PTSD, depression, ily,” Schittino says. “Of course, I did understand that I probably and substance abuse. Those with symptoms are referred to wasn’t going to live. I remember wanting to grab ahold of some- mental health services. one or something for some comfort or a feeling of not being so In Oakland, California, Mark Balabanis, PhD, a psycholo- alone. That was really scary—the fact that it was just me.” gist in private practice, has treated PTSD patients from all He passed out. Someone in a nearby home called 911. A walks of life—civilians and veterans. The two groups report rescue crew rushed him to a trauma hospital, where surgeons similar symptoms, he says, including some that stem from the performed open-heart surgery to save his life. body’s fight-or-flight response: feeling tense and easily star- In the crime’s aftermath, Schittino, now 26, developed post- tled, hypervigilance, intrusive memories, flashbacks, night- traumatic stress disorder. The old Sal, an affable young man mares, and avoiding reminders of the trauma. pursuing a career as a psychologist, felt grateful for surviving. For Schittino, the reminders were haunting. “I just wanted to He drew solace from family and friends. He returned to work run away as far as possible from them,” he says. At first, even as an assistant in a mental health hospital. walking down the street was terrifying. “I was constantly looking But a new Sal confounds him. He has cried for long stretches in front of me, behind me. I wanted to see every way at all times.” in his bedroom, screamed anxiously in the woods near his home, In his nightmares, “There was someone coming to attack and struggled with nightmares and flashbacks of being stabbed me in some fashion and I was absolutely helpless,” he says. brutally. His old self, he says, “cannot comprehend the level, the In his waking hours, flashbacks invaded for a few seconds. magnitude of the trauma that happened.” “Right before, I get this feeling of panic. The event of that Many view PTSD as a “wound of war,” afflicting soldiers who night—it always goes back to me sitting by myself and then have been shot or bombed, sometimes losing comrades. But I get stabbed. I literally couldn’t see what was happening PTSD also strikes civilians traumatized by violent crime, rape, in front of me in real life.” kidnapping, domestic violence, severe accidents, terrorism, While it’s hard to confront one’s PTSD-related fears, avoid- natural disasters, and other events that expose them to serious ing triggers and memories tends to perpetuate anxiety, Bala- harm or death. Physical injury isn’t required; even a threat, like banis says. He teaches patients that the original trauma was having a gun pressed to one’s body, can prompt PTSD. So can dangerous, but the memories are not harmful, even though witnessing a terrifying event. they trip the fight-or-flight response that makes a person feel Most traumatized people adjust with time; only a minor- unsafe again. “We have to show them that memories will not ity will develop PTSD. For the latter, warning signs include overwhelm or injure them,” he says. great distress and disruption of life for more than a month, according to the National Center for PTSD. It estimates that 8 million people in the United States have PTSD in a given TREATING PTSD year. About 10% of women will have the disorder at some point PTSD treatment takes several forms. Prolonged exposure in their lives, compared to 4% of men. therapy aims to desensitize patients to the trauma and things But many people don’t know that PTSD affects civilians and associated with it. By talking over and over with a therapist that treatment can aid recovery. Untreated PTSD poses serious about the traumatic event, people become less fearful and risks, including an increased chance of suicide and abuse of learn to gain more control over their thoughts and feelings. alcohol or drugs to numb distress. Sometimes, exposure therapy happens in the outside world. For example, one of Balabanis’s patients quit driving after a bad crash and couldn’t look at the type of car involved. RAISING AWARENESS He took her to a car lot, exposing her to the same type of In some parts of the country, doctors are taking an active stance. vehicle until she lost her fear. In New Orleans, Erich Conrad, MD, an associate professor of With hypervigilant patients—those who scan the environ- clinical psychiatry at the Louisiana State University School of ment compulsively for threats—Balabanis coaches them

W ebMD.COM 56 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Read What Triggers PTSD?, an article at WebMD.com.

LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

me from making any effort to push it down into my unconscious,” he says. “The strides that I made in such a short period were so helpful.”

TOWARD A NEW SELF Those touched by trauma know that it can strike anyone without warning, cleaving a life into before and after. Many patients integrate a traumatic experience into their lives and form a narrative, “a testimony about what they’ve gone through,” Bala- banis says. “They know how difficult the world can be, but they also find within themselves great resilience. Some will even want to help other people through trauma.” For Schittino, the trauma still catches him off-guard and the narrative is still forming. Recently at work, he checked on a patient in her room. When she didn’t respond, PTSD SYMPTOMS Flashbacks or Racing heart or sweating he looked at her face. To his horror, reliving the trauma PTSD symptoms can develop right Being easily startled over and over he realized that she had died. “That after people go through a terrifying Feeling tense or on edge Bad dreams incident brought everything back to event that threatens life or safety, Hypervigilance or if they witness it. In some cases, Frightening or the surface,” he says. “It made me Difficulty sleeping though, symptoms don’t develop intrusive thoughts think again that I almost died and Angry outbursts until months or years after the Avoiding places, events, I had to deal with the fear from that. incident. According to the National or objects that are Losing interest in Center for PTSD, these symptoms reminders of the trauma activities one used The anxiety got so overwhelming. may include: Emotional numbness to enjoy It was like a thought of mine that I didn’t want to confront.” The woman’s death prompted new during neighborhood walks to stop scrutinizing people for soul-searching. “I always wanted to focus on being grateful,” he signs of danger or conflict. says, “for still being able to do so many things, for so many peo- Other PTSD treatments include cognitive therapy and ple around me who love and support me. I didn’t want to give medications, including antidepressants. With cognitive ther- space for questioning, ‘Why me? Why did it have to happen?’” apy, patients learn to recognize inaccurate or negative thought But being forced to grapple with those painful questions, he patterns, for instance blaming themselves for the trauma. By says, “was a relief.” Instead of suppressing the sense of unfair- challenging the distortions, they can diminish distress. ness and the terror of death, he is making his way toward a new Some therapists use eye movement desensitization and self, post-trauma. reprocessing (EMDR). It’s unclear how this nontraditional “I feel like I still have a lot to work through,” he says. But psychotherapy technique works, but proponents believe that as a psychology graduate student, he hopes to help trauma rapid eye movements help the brain to process traumatic survivors and those with PTSD someday. memories and weaken their emotional power. A patient thinks His old self is surely gone, he says. “Once this trauma hap- about the distressing images and feelings while a therapist pened, this new person was not ‘me’ anymore,” he says. “I had guides eye movements with her hand or an object. to create new meaning for myself in life.” A counselor treated Schittino with EMDR, waving a pointer to direct his eye movements. “She’d say, ‘Allow yourself to Reviewed by Arefa Cassoobhoy, MD, MPH, WebMD Medical Editor experience the feeling. Really dig deep.’ I think that it kept

W ebMD.COM 57 JULY/AUGUST 2016 FOOD

IN SEASON Go Green By Erin O’Donnell Recipes by Kathleen Zelman, MPH, RD, LD

Backyard gardens and farmers markets around the country brim with a summer staple: zucchini. This humble squash is a nutritional standout, says Gila Daman, MS, RDN, CDN, a dietitian at Jacobi Medical Center in the Bronx, New York City. “It’s a much more vibrant vegetable than people give it credit for,” she says. A single medium zucchini has just 33 calories, but almost 60 percent of an adult’s daily value of immune-protective vitamin C and 17% of manganese, a trace mineral important for bone health. Zucchini also contains lutein and zeaxanthin, potent antioxidants beneficial for eye health. Leave the tender skin intact; many of the nutrients hide there. Daman, who helps kids grow zucchini in a community garden for her hospital’s family weight-management program, praises zucchini for its mild, delicate flavor, which partners well

TOHRU MINOWA/A.COLLECTIONRF/GETTY IMAGES MINOWA/A.COLLECTIONRF/GETTY TOHRU with many other ingredients. “It doesn’t take much to turn zucchini into a really delicious meal.”

W ebMD.COM 58 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Sign up for The Daily Bite Newsletter at WebMD.com and get featured recipes FOOD from WebMD’s Health Recipe Finder. LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

Dice Game This vibrant vegetable medley can be served hot, cold, or at room temperature for the ultimate summer side dish. It makes great picnic fare along with grilled chicken.

Zucchini Confetti Makes 6 servings Ingredients 2 tbsp olive oil 1 large red pepper, diced ½ jalapeño pepper, seeded and minced (optional) 2 medium ears fresh corn, husked 1 tbsp minced shallot 4 medium zucchini, diced ½ cup chopped scallions email ½ cup chopped fresh cilantro this ¼ tsp cumin recipe! ½ tsp kosher salt freshly ground pepper to taste

Directions 1. Heat oil in a large pan over medium Stacked Up heat. Cook the peppers, corn, and These veggie stacks feature several stars of summer produce. They dress up shallot until soft. your plate and pair well with simple entrées, such as fish. For faster meal prep, 2. Add zucchini and scallions, and continue cooking until tender. grill the zucchini, eggplant, and onion slices in advance. Remove pan from heat. 3. Stir in cilantro. Season with cumin, Grilled Zucchini, Eggplant, Directions salt, and pepper. Serve. and Tomato Stacks 1. Make dressing: In a small bowl, Per serving Makes 6 servings combine buttermilk, chopped basil, mayonnaise, vinegar, garlic, and pep- 101 calories, 3 g protein, 13 g carbohydrate, Ingredients per. Whisk to combine, 5 g fat (1 g saturated fat), 3 g fiber, 5 g sugar, 3 zucchini, sliced lengthwise and set aside. 215 mg sodium. Calories from fat: 46% in 12 (¼-inch) slices 2. Coat grill or griddle pan with cooking 1 medium eggplant, spray, and heat to medium-high heat. cut into 6 (½-inch) slices The word 3. Brush zucchini, eggplant, and onion “zucchini” is 1 large sweet onion, slices with olive oil on both sides. Grill email Italian for cut into 6 (½-inch) slices vegetables 3–5 minutes per side or this “small squash." 2 tbsp olive oil until tender and marked with grill lines. recipe! 2 large heirloom or beefsteak 4. To assemble each stack, place tomatoes, cut into one slice of eggplant on each plate, 6 (½-inch) slices and top with an onion slice, tomato 6 large fresh basil leaves slice, and one basil leaf. Drape (plus more for garnish) 2 strips of zucchini, forming an ‘X,’ ¼ tsp kosher salt on top of each stack. freshly ground pepper 5. Sprinkle stacks with salt and pep- ⅓ cup blue cheese crumbles per. Drizzle dressing and crumbled or goat cheese cheese atop each stack; garnish with a basil leaf. Serve warm or at Dressing room temperature. ⅓ cup low-fat buttermilk 1 tbsp chopped fresh basil Per serving 2 tbsp light mayonnaise 147 calories, 5 g protein, 14 g carbohydrate, 2 tsp cider vinegar 9 g fat (2 g saturated fat), 8 mg cholesterol, 1 garlic clove, minced 5 g fiber, 7 g sugar, 262 mg sodium.

FOOD STYLING: DEB WAHL DEB STYLING: FOOD freshly ground pepper to taste Calories from fat: 54%

Photographs by Dan Whipps W ebMD.COM 59 JULY/AUGUST 2016 FOOD

Zucchini is part of the plant family that includes melons, pumpkins, cucumbers, and gourds.

Refresher Course BREAKFAST 411 This chilled soup is like air-conditioning in email a bowl. For the best flavor, make it a day ahead this and serve with a large salad for a light summer recipe! meal. Or offer it as a first course or in place of a vegetable. If zucchini blossoms are available, use thin slices as a garnish. (They’re edible!)

Creamy Zucchini Soup 2. Reduce heat to medium low. Makes 6 servings Add chicken stock and 2 tbsp parsley. Simmer until veg- Ingredients etables are soft, about 7–9 1 medium onion, sliced minutes. Remove from heat. 3. Add vegetables and broth 2 tbsp olive oil Fruit Forward Breakfast to a blender or food processor. 1 tbsp unsalted butter From juicy peaches and plump raspberries to Process until smooth. Return 4 medium zucchini, ends crispy watermelon and scarlet cherries, sum- soup to pot, add yogurt, and trimmed, shredded mer’s fruit harvest is in full swing. Turn fresh fruit adjust seasoning to taste. 3 garlic cloves, minced into a complete morning meal by adding some Chill 2–3 hours or overnight. 1 tsp dried marjoram protein (such as yogurt) and fat (nuts or seeds). Before serving, garnish with ½ tsp kosher salt These three breakfast ideas show you how: freshly ground pepper to remaining parsley. taste Per serving • Smoothie bowl: Use a smoothie as a base for 2 cups unsalted chicken stock even more fresh berries and some crunchy ⅓ cup fresh parsley, divided 129 calories, 8 g protein, 10 g carbohydrate, 7 g fat (2 g saturated stuff, such as a sprinkle of toasted buckwheat 1 cup plain nonfat Greek or hemp seeds. yogurt fat), 5 mg cholesterol, 2 g fiber, 5 g sugar, 250 mg sodium. Directions vCalories from fat: 50% • Mediterranean platter: Eat wedges of watermelon with chunks of feta cheese, a drizzle of 1. In a large Dutch oven over olive oil and some torn fresh mint. medium heat, sauté onion in olive oil and butter until lightly • Morning sandwich: Top a slice of raisin walnut browned, 5–7 minutes. bread (or another whole grain bread) with low- Add zucchini, garlic, marjoram, fat ricotta cheese and sliced strawberries. salt, and pepper, and cook —Kerri-Ann Jenningsv 3–4 more minutes. Reviewed by Hansa Bhargava, MD WebMD Medical Editor SMOOTHIE BOWL: S W/EYEEM/GETTY IMAGES W/EYEEM/GETTY S BOWL: SMOOTHIE

W ebMD.COM 60 JULY/AUGUST 2016 CheckupTAKING CARE, LIVING WELL

The deadly smallpox virus, left, was eradi- cated thanks to a vaccine.

Why We Need Vaccines

Louis Pasteur created the first laboratory-developed Researchers continue to work on potential vac- vaccine—for chicken cholera—in 1879. But the concept cines for numerous diseases, including HIV, malaria, of inoculation may date as far back as the year 1000 AD and tuberculosis. Doctors use experimental vaccines in China. Early practitioners ground smallpox scabs into in clinical trials to treat cancer. Like other vaccines, a powder and blew it into the nostrils of their patients. these treatments aim to trigger the immune system By 1700, the practice had reached Africa, India, and the to fight the disease. The FDA has already approved a Ottoman Empire. Early inoculation began in 1721 in the vaccine for prostate cancer. U.S. during a smallpox outbreak in Boston. Vaccines aren’t just for kids. Almost everyone should Thanks to vaccines, the World Health Organization get a flu shot every year. HPV vaccines are for women declared a worldwide end to smallpox in 1980. Vaccines under age 26 and men under age 21. Doctors recom- have greatly reduced the prevalence of other diseases, mend shingles and pneumonia vaccines for older such as measles and polio, which was declared eliminated adults. And adults should get a Tdap shot (that’s from the U.S. in 1979. The Centers for Disease Control tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis [whooping cough]) and Prevention estimates that vaccines will save the lives once, and then a Td (tetanus) booster every 10 years of more than 732,000 children born in the last 20 years thereafter. Pregnant woman should receive a Tdap and keep more than 21 million of them out of the hospital. shot once during each pregnancy. —Sonya Collins SCIENCE ARTWORK/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/GETTY IMAGES LIBRARY/GETTY PHOTO ARTWORK/SCIENCE SCIENCE

W ebMD.COM 61 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Checkup

Reviewed by Arefa Cassoobhoy, MD, MPH, WebMD Medical Editor

BY THE NUMBERS CATARACTS FACTS AND STATS ABOUT TOP HEALTH ISSUES

By Heather Hatfield Up to five #1 Ranking of cataract surgery % m nutes among most common 50Risk of secondary Length of time needed to treat secondary surgeries performed each cataracts after surgery cataracts in an outpatient procedure year in the U.S. 90% Nearly Approximate percentage of cataract surgeries that are successful in improving vision MILLION25 Number of people in the U.S. who have cataracts

40s to 50s Age when people might start to develop cataracts

50 Number of servings of fruits and vegetables you +60s MILLION should have each day to help prevent cataracts, Age when cataracts are most Number of people in making sure you get enough vitamins C and E likely to impair vision the U.S. who are projected to 5 have cataracts by 2050 70% 53% Percentage of white Americans who Percentage of black Americans who 51% have cataracts by age 80 have cataracts by age 80

Ranking of Worldwide, percent cataracts as of people who are blind # a cause of >2 million because of cataracts blindness Number of surgeries performed each year to treat cataracts Sources: American Optometric Association, National Eye Institute, World1 Health Organization DIGITALVISION VECTORS/GETTY IMAGES VECTORS/GETTY DIGITALVISION

W ebMD.COM 62 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Check out Home Remedies for Psoriasis, a slideshow Checkup at WebMD.com. LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5 Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD, WebMD Lead Medical Editor

LIVING WELL PSORIASIS FOUR HEALTH HABITS TO HELP KEEP FLARE-UPS IN CHECK

By Christina Boufis

“I’ve had psoriasis from electronics at least an for as long as I can hour before bedtime. remember,” says Carleigh Talk to your doctor if Morba, 25. “It started with you’re not able to get seven just a few spots on my arm,” to eight hours of sleep as a child. “Then it went because of psoriasis symp- head to toe. Since then it’s toms, Duffin says. been a long journey of Get help for depres- coming in and out of sion. People with psoriasis remission with flare-ups are twice as likely to have since that time.” depression compared with Psoriasis is an autoim- those who don’t have the mune disease that most condition, according to often causes red, scaly, well- the National Psoriasis defined patches on the skin Foundation. Talk to your that itch, hurt, or sometimes doctor if you’ve lost inter- bleed. While there’s no est in things you once cure, knowing what lifestyle enjoyed, are lacking energy, changes to make and talking or have trouble focusing to your doctor about what or sleeping. Treating treatment is right for you depression is “important is the best way to manage to the whole picture of psoriasis, says Kristina Callis treating your psoriasis,” Duffin, MD, MS, associate very effective for psoriasis,” pain and itch, can disturb Duffin says. professor of dermatology at Duffin says. Most often this sleep,” Duffin says. “But “It’s easy to go down the the University of Utah. treatment uses narrowband the other way around also rabbit hole once you’re in Try these tips: UVB light, which research is true—poor sleep may a serious flare-up,” Morba Cut calories. “The shows can help ease symp- also make psoriasis worse, says. Visiting her doctor’s disease tends to worsen toms, she explains. much like stress can trig- office for light therapy, tips with some people who gain What about natural sun- ger psoriasis.” for eating healthier, and weight,” Duffin says. In light or tanning beds? While How to get out of this finding a support commu- fact, a 2014 study published Duffin says that doctors can catch-22? Practice good nity has helped tremen- in the Journal of Dermatol- keep people from getting sleep hygiene, Duffin says. dously, she says. “Half the ogy found losing weight burned and monitor their Go to bed and wake up at battle is mental when it and exercising significantly psoriasis response with in- the same time; sleep in a comes to this disease, and improved psoriasis in those office light treatment, that’s quiet, cool, darkened room; that’s something I con- who were overweight. “I tell not true for natural sunlight limit caffeine; and unplug stantly work on.” people to eat lots of vegeta- or tanning beds; the latter bles and fruit and restrict produce mostly UVA rays, carbohydrates in general,” which isn’t helpful for pso- ? 5 QS FOR YOUR DOCTOR 1. What can I do to avoid flares? which can help with weight riasis and increases the risk 2. What is the best treatment for me? loss, says Callis Duffin. of skin cancer, she says. 3. Should I try light therapy? Consider light therapy. Get your zzzs. “Symp- 4. How do I know if I have depression? “Ultraviolet light therapy is toms of psoriasis, such as 5. Do I need to be screened for psoriatic arthritis? SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/GETTY IMAGES LIBRARY/GETTY PHOTO SCIENCE

W ebMD.COM 63 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Read Am I at Risk for Sleep Apnea?, Checkup an article at WebMD.com. LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5 Reviewed by Eric Yabu, DDS, WebMD Medical Reviewer

YOUR SMILE THE DAILY GRIND HOW SLEEP APNEA DIAGNOSES OFTEN START WITH YOUR DENTIST

By Jodi Helmer

Struggling with 3 QUESTIONS snoring and sleepless- SLEEP APNEA EXPERT ness? Call your dentist. MARTHA CORTÉS, DDS, Snoring and sleep distur- SUGGESTS ASKING bances are often signs of YOUR DENTIST: obstructive sleep apnea and your oral health could Is a night guard enough? be to blame. An over-the-counter “A lot of patients are night guard might not be surprised that I ask sufficient, and may even make sleep apnea about their sleep,” says worse. “If you’re wearing Martha Cortés, DDS, through the night a dentist in private practice guard, it might be time in New York who special- to see a specialist,” izes in sleep apnea. But says Cortés. A custom “a dentist is often the dental appliance earliest diagnostician of can reduce grinding— sleep disorders.” and the cavities, The National Sleep headaches, and jaw pain Foundation estimates it causes—and help with that 18 million Americans sleep apnea. have sleep apnea. The condition causes repeated breakage as well as inflamed symptom of sleep apnea) Is my periodontal breathing interruptions and receding gums. A spike are also signs. disease a sign throughout the night; the in cavities can also be a Gasping for breath causes of a bigger problem? pauses can last from a sign of grinding because people to wake up repeat- “If there’s a lot of decay, few seconds to minutes the force damages teeth, edly, which diminishes sleep it could be a result and may occur 30 or more making them susceptible to quality and causes fatigue. of grinding and sleep times per hour. These cavity-causing bacteria. Untreated, sleep apnea is apnea,” Cortés says. pauses happen because At night while sleeping, linked to an increased risk of How do I know if I have the muscles in the back of “When you tense your high blood pressure, cardio- sleep apnea? the throat are flaccid, the jaw and grind your teeth, vascular disease, diabetes, Chronic snoring is it sends a message to tongue is too large, or the and obesity. the most common sign jaw is too small, causing your brain to wake up so When a dentist suspects of sleep apnea. Other airway obstructions. you can take a breath,” sleep apnea, he or she will symptoms include The first sign of sleep Cortés explains. often recommend a sleep daytime drowsiness, apnea is often tooth grind- Grinding is just one study. (Note that although waking up with a dry ing (also called bruxism). oral health indicator of dentists are well versed in mouth or sore Dentists look for worn sleep apnea. A small jaw, the symptoms and treat- throat and morning tooth surfaces, a good indi- tongue with scalloped ments, only a medical headaches. If you have cator that a patient grinds edges, or redness in the doctor can make an official any of these symptoms, his or her teeth. Grinding throat (caused by excessive diagnosis of sleep apnea, bring them up to can cause tooth wear and snoring, which is another Cortés says.) your dentist. WESTEND61/GETTY IMAGES WESTEND61/GETTY

W ebMD.COM 64 JULY/AUGUST 2016 Get a list of Crisis Assistance Checkup Resources at WebMD.com. LEARN HOW ON PAGE 5

MY STORY HER CALL FOR HELP A 911 DISPATCHER TELLS HER STORY OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

By Tamara Neal

“Baltimore County. 911.” things at home and didn’t Often before I could think about what might hap- even get the next words out, pen in the future. “May I help you?” the caller One day I couldn’t take it would say, “Get somebody any longer and confronted my out here!” husband. He picked up my I remember one woman who computer and threw it down whispered, “My husband won’t the steps at me. As I ran from let me go to work.” I could hear the computer flying through a man walking into a room as the air, I finally had the cour- I listened on the line until the age to call 911. My husband police arrived. fled like a thief in the night. As a former 911 dispatcher The police told me I could get for many years, I came to know a restraining order to keep that domestic violence has no him away from the house and particular age, ethnic group, me; I followed through. or financial status and can Family and close friends happen to anybody, anywhere, provided the support that including me. I needed to help me through I was 34 years old, married the divorce process. Many to an alcoholic and had two victims of domestic violence young children. My then- do not have a support group; husband verbally and emotion- however, the National Domes- ally abused me on a regular tic Violence Hotline is staffed basis, but I was too embar- 24 hours a day by trained rassed to face the truth. I did counselors who can provide not want friends and family crisis assistance. members to know that I had another TAMARA’S LIFE LESSONS Now I’m 53 and married to my soul failed relationship. I suffered in silence. mate, the man I went to my senior I could have been one of those who “Any kind of abuse—physical, prom with. I repaired my self-esteem called 911 for help for domestic violence. emotional, or verbal—is abnormal, from the verbal abuse by attending and you will never be able to change But as a dispatcher living in the same any abusive relationship that women’s support groups; they taught jurisdiction, I’d be calling my co-workers. you refuse to acknowledge.” me how to love myself again. I’m now I couldn’t face that, so I lived a lie. a certified relationship coach and I felt my job would be on the line if those “The first step in changing any domestic violence advocate. at the call center knew my home life toxic relationship is recognizing it Domestic violence is such a taboo and breaking the silence.” was unstable. I was depressed and I felt topic. People try to pretend it doesn’t like I suffered from undiagnosed post- “Many people who suffer domestic exist. I’ve read that the number of traumatic stress disorder from the stress violence are isolated by their abuser. American women who’ve lost their lives at work and home. Reach out and get help.” to domestic violence is greater than the But I developed a defense mechanism number of casualties from the Iraq and “If you have never been physically to stay in the moment when I was at abused by your emotional abuser, Afghanistan wars. Too many women work so I could remain present for the don’t wait around until you are. suffer in silence. I know because I was callers who needed me. I let go of the Your time may be running out.” one of them. ELI MEIR KAPLAN MEIR ELI

W ebMD.COM 65 JULY/AUGUST 2016 TAKE 10 10 QUESTIONS Anthony Rizzo Major League Baseball Player, Chicago Cubs

You were wanted to do: Get diagnosed drafted and play 1 with Hodgkin in the major leagues, lymphoma, the big leagues. a type of cancer, right at the start of your What do career. How did you you do to respond to that news? 7 stay in shape It was definitely very during the shocking. I was 18 off season? years old and on top I do cardio in the of the world, playing morning, then I work professional baseball out with weights. while all of my friends I also do Pilates or were off at college. I yoga, or I’ll swim. had no idea what can That’s my routine, cer was or anything about three hours about chemotherapy. spread out throughout the day four to five Who helped times a week. During you get the season, it’s usually 2 through that about an hour, hour time and and a half, three or through treatment? four times a week. My doctors were really encouraging Do you make at all times. They laid it a point to out the treatment and 8 eat well what had to be done. year-round? We never had any What’s for breakfast? doubts that I would I do the best I can, be cured. My family but I come from a was also there for me heavy Italian back every step of the way, ground, so I love to my mom, my dad, my eat. But I do try to put brother, my grand in what’s best for my mother…that kept body. For breakfast, I me strong. have a smoothie with protein, spinach, kale, How did your assistance. To be able times financially. Their back, so to put the and some berries. experience to live a normal life on son or daughter is sick, uniform back on and Then, a half hour 3 with cancer a day to day basis is and money is not easy play again—that was later, I’ll have some change you? amazing. to come by. We help an amazing feeling. eggs or oatmeal. I try not to take any pay their bills; we help thing for granted. Your experi- in any way that we can. When did you Any guilty- I know that’s such a ence led you know that pleasure cliché, but waking 4 to create the What was it 6 baseball was 9 foods? up in the morning Anthony like to return your sport? Definitely and being able to get Rizzo Family Founda- 5 to baseball, I always loved playing pasta with my mom’s up on my own and tion. What’s its once you baseball, all sports, meat sauce. brush my teeth is just number one goal? were in remission? really. But in high something that I’m so We raise money for It was emotional, for school, when people What’s grateful for because pediatric cancer sure. Going through started to tell me that your ideal I see so many kids patients and cancer that whole sickness, I could get drafted 10 day off? who are going through research. We help as it was terrible. And it and play profession Just to sit treatment for cancer many families as we took a few months of ally, I think that’s when around, relax, and or other illnesses possibly can as they being in remission to it really started kicking enjoy doing nothing.

JIM MCISAAC/GETTY IMAGES MCISAAC/GETTY JIM and need 24-hour go through the tough fully get my strength in. That’s all I really —Matt McMillen

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