DOCSLIB.ORG

Diarrhoea Dialogue

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diarrhoea Dialogue ISSUE No. 2 BREAST OR BOTTLE weamng toods based on local products; better health education, training and information on infant feeding; and We were delighted that so many readers commented on the the preparation of an international code of marketing tin of baby milk powder in the picture from the Philippines practice. The International Baby Food Action Network is on page seven of the fist issue of Diarrhoea Dialogue. acting as a watchdog meanwhile to discourage milk power Everyone needs to be very much aware of the dangers advertising which influences mothers not to breastfeed involved when bottle-feeding becomes fashionable in parts their babies. Obviously there is still a long way to go but the of the world where the milk powder will inevitably be way is becoming more clearly signposted. Papua New mixed with unsafe water in an unclean bottle, in insufficient Guinea seems to have got off to a flying start by making amounts. Poverty and ignorance are to blame, not the feeding bottles available only on prescription.(*) We hope mothers, if bottle-feeding replaces breastfeeding and the to hear what is happening in other countries to help meet feeding bottle becomes the baby-killer through diarrhoea1 the WHO/UNICEF recommendations. disease and malnutrition. 1 Code of marketing practice 1980. The Lancet vol I: 1239-1240 WHO/UNICEF 1979 Joint WHO/UNICEF meeting on infant and young child feeding. WHO, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland 2 Aidou J et al 1979 Bottle-feeding and the law in Papua New Guinea. The Lancet ~011: 155 WHO READS DIARRHOEA DIALOGUE The first and most important group we aim to reach are the primary health care workers - those who are actually caring for children with diarrhoea. Within this group, there will be people with little or no knowledge of English. We hope that their trainers will help here by passing on the information in the newsletter and translating useful articles (see note on page two). Secondly, we are aiming at health planners and administrators who need to know about the dimensions and nature of the diarrhoea problem, so that they can apply their management skills to combat it. The third group are scientists and research workers who require information about new methods and techniques being tried out in other parts of the world, but may not have the opportunity of seeing all the relevant journals and papers. Finally, we hope to reach all those who have a general interest in health matters. In each issue of the newsletter we intend to have items that will be of interest to all these groups. If you feel that the balance is wrong, let us have Better health eduaNio0 00 infant feeding. your views. WHO photo by J. Abcede. Response to the first issue of Diarrhoea Dialogue has Diarrhoea Dialogue is well aware of the many sides to the shown that the newsletter is reaching all of its target baby food controversy; later issues will highlight some of groups. Many of you have written to us already to give your these. Meanwhile it is good to see that the 33rd World views on the content, design and future development of the Health Assembly in May endorsed the recommendations publication. We have been delighted and encouraged by from the WHO/UNICEF meeting on infant and young your response and the evidence that the newsletter will child feeding, held in October of last year.(‘) These ask for serve a real need. promotion of breastfeeding; work on the development of W.A.M.C. and K.M.E. In this issue . 0 Jon Rohde discusses the importance of drinking in diarrhoea AHRTAG 0 what are the signs of dehydration? Appropriate Health Resources 8 0 news from Bangladesh, Turkey and The Gambia Technologies Action Group Ltd 0 questions and answers Diarrhoea Dialogue 1 news n n n news n n n news n n n news n n n Oral rehydration ORT in Turkey Several interesting results emerged bibliography from an oral rehydration therapy (ORT) field study carried out in Ankara last year. Auxiliary nurse midwives were assigned to give ORT at home and to teach mothers to use the fluid. The ingredients were provided pre-packaged, mostly by UNICEF. The study was preceded by an in- formation drive to educate the mothers on the need for early administration of the rehydration fluid and the im- casual factor in weanhg diarrhoea. portance of feeding a child suffering WHO photo by J. Mohr This is a very valuable review, which from diarrhoea. Members of the United Kingdom summarises 133 publications dealing The mothers’ acceptance of ORT Medical Research Council Dunn Nutri- with oral therapy of diarrhoea. The was high. It was found that consump- tion Unit carried out a study in Keneba, contents are set out in chronological tion of the oral fluid increased when its a subsistence farming community in order under five different headings: taste was good. Some of the locally The Gambia. They discovered that a history, clinical trials, composition, made mixtures were not found to be as high proportion of food consumed by impact and implementation. Each palatable as the one supplied by infants and young children was over- paper, study or letter is reviewed, often UNICEF, and this was reflected in the grown with bacteria. More thorough with a short comment on the relevance acceptance of fluid by the children. caoking methods failed to prevent con- of the authors’ conclusions. Some Another interesting observation was tamination, the most effective solution articles naturally cover several topics the clear preferences of the mothers to being to eat the food as soon as possible and there is adequate cross-referencing. use ready-made packages rather than after preparation. It provides important reference text the “pinch and scoop” method. Unfortunately, the conveniently thin for field and research workers con- In the Turkish experience, the use of gruels given to infants when breast- cerned with diarrhoea1 disease. Could ORT can be increased bv: feeding has stopped are not only poor it be improved in any way? It contains 0 participation of the community in nutritionally but also easily contami- indexes by author and country, but not the programme nated. During the rainy season when by subject. An alternative to a subject 0 provision of the ingredients in pack- diarrhoea1 illness is at a peak, levels of index might be to break down the five ages carrying health education food and water contamination are also major titles into sub-titles for the main messages to the mothers greatest. The seasonal nature of in- areas covered. 0 distribution of the packages through tensive farming also results in a lower- Even with the concerted efforts of grocers’ stores, in addition to the ing of the standards of child care at this individuals and organisations all over health services, to ensure availa- time. the world, diarrhoea1 disease and its bility Barrel1 R. A. E., Rowland M. G. M. serious consequences are likely to be a 0 inclusion of ORT in the curriculum 1979 Infant foods as a potential source problem for many years. Readers of of medical students and adopting of diarrhoea1 illness in rural West Diarrhoea Dialogue have already been this method of treatment in hos- Africa. Transactions of the Royal asking for an annotated bibliography pitals. Society of Tropical Medicine and about diarrhoea1 disease. This publi- Bertan M., Egeman A. 1979 ORT: Hygiene ~0173 (1): 85-90. cation meets that need and will be of the Turkish experience. WHO practical value well into the future. Chronicle ~0133: 132. However, because knowledge about Reproduction and prevention and management of diar- rhoea is constantly increasing, the translation bibliography will need to be revised Infant foods and We are happy for readers to translate and updated every year or two. It is and reproduce articles or abstracts good to know there are plans to do this. weanling diarrhoea from Diarrhoea Dialogue in their own Free copies of the bibliography are In rural areas of The Gambia where publications with a suitable acknow- available from PAHO, 525, Twenty- there may be a shortage of firewood, it ledgement to AHRTAG. Please send third Street, N. W., Washington D.C., is common practice to prepare enough us a copy! Many of you have written to 20037, U.S.A. infant foods to last all day rather than ask whether the newsletter will be Baumslag Net al 1980 Oral for one meal. The food frequently published in other languages in the rehydration therapy: an annotated becomes contaminated, especially future. Translation into French, bibliography. Pan American Health during the rainy season. This con- Spanish, Portuguese and Arabic is Organization. ~~112, Spanish and tamination may be a casual factor in being planned and we will keep you English, free. weanling diarrhoea. informed about availability. 2 Diarrhoea Dialogue, issue 2, August 1980. Produced quarterly by AHRTAG at 85 Marylebone High Street, London Wl M 3DE. news n n n news n n n news n n n news n n n panied by fever, vomiting and abdomi- hospital for a ten day follow up. Age, Stickiness and nal pain. The rate of secondary infection socio-economic status and neighbour- ranges from 20-25 per cent. In hos- hoods were matched in selecting con- sickness pitalized cases, the mortality rates for trols. Two to three pieces of soap and A symposium held at the Ciba Founda- severe shigellosis have been from 10 to earthenware pitchers for carrying tion in May discussed the relationship 15 times higher than for cholera - water were supplied to the study between the adhesion of micro- indicating that simple rehydration is families.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Feeding Your Baby 6 Months to 1 Year
    Feeding Your Baby 6 months to 1 year 1 Feeding your baby is about many things: • It’s about nutrition. • It’s about forming a close bond with your baby. • It’s about helping your baby feel secure and loved. • It’s about your baby’s growth and development. • It’s about developing life-long healthy eating habits. Health Canada recommends that breastmilk is the only food your baby needs until your baby is 6 months old. Infants should start iron-rich foods at 6 months with continued breastfeeding for 2 years or longer. • Breastfeeding is healthy, natural, convenient, and free. • Breastmilk contains antibodies that lower the chance of your baby getting sick. 2 Vitamin and Mineral Supplements Fluoride Fluoride helps children develop strong teeth. Do not give fluoride supplements to your baby before 6 months of age. It can harm your baby’s developing teeth. At 6 months of age, your baby may need fluoride drops if your water supply does not contain fluoride. Some communities do not put fluoride in the water. Check with your local public health office or dentist to see if the water in your community is fluoridated. Talk to your health care provider for more information. Vitamin D Vitamin D is needed for bone growth. Most babies, no matter the season or where they live, need a supplement of vitamin D starting at birth. Currently, Health Canada recommends that all breastfed, healthy term babies receive 400 IU (International Units) of liquid vitamin D supplement each day. Infant formula contains added vitamin D. Babies who are formula fed but are drinking less than 1000 ml or 32 ounces a day, would benefit from 400 IU vitamin D supplement each day.
    [Show full text]
  • 2004-2008 Questionnaire
    1 First, we would like to ask a few questions 6. How tall are you without shoes? about you and the time before you got pregnant with your new baby. Please check Feet Inches the box next to your answer. OR Centimeters 1. Just before you got pregnant, did you have health insurance? Do not count Medicaid. 7. During the 3 months before you got K No pregnant with your new baby, did you K Yes have any of the following health problems? For each one, circle Y (Yes) if you had the 2. Just before you got pregnant, were you problem or circle N (No) if you did not. on Medicaid? No Yes K No a. Asthma . N Y K Yes b. High blood pressure (hypertension) . N Y c. High blood sugar (diabetes) . N Y d. Anemia (poor blood, low iron) . N Y 3. During the month before you got pregnant e. Heart problems . N Y with your new baby, how many times a week did you take a multivitamin or a prenatal vitamin? These are pills that contain many 8. Before you got pregnant with your new different vitamins and minerals. baby, did you ever have any other babies who were born alive? K I didn’t take a multivitamin or K No Go to Page 2, Question 11 a prenatal vitamin at all K K 1 to 3 times a week Yes K 4 to 6 times a week K Every day of the week 9. Did the baby born just before your new one weigh 5 pounds, 8 ounces (2.5 kilos) or less 4.
    [Show full text]
  • What's in My Baby's Food? | Healthybabyfood.Org | II SAFETY STANDARDS
    NEW TESTS SHOW THE 6 TYPES OF BABY FOOD PARENTS SHOULD LIMIT - AND SAFER CHOICES What’s in my baby’s food? A national investigation finds 95 percent of baby foods tested contain toxic chemicals that lower babies’ IQ, including arsenic and lead Report includes safer choices for parents, manufacturers and retailers seeking healthy foods for infants IN PARTNERSHIP WITH Healthy Babies Bright Futures | Jane Houlihan, Research Director and Charlotte Brody, National Director | October 2019 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Authors: Jane Houlihan, MSCE, Research Director, and Charlotte Brody, RN, National Director, Healthy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................1 Babies Bright Futures Promising signs of progress must accelerate to protect babies. ......................................................................1 Healthy Babies Bright Futures (HBBF) would like to thank Parents can make five safer baby food choices for 80 percent less toxic metal residue. ................................2 the following people and organizations for their support: Fifteen foods account for more than half of the risk. Rice-based foods top the list. .......................................3 A network of groups and individuals around the country made this study possible by purchasing Parents, baby food companies, farmers, and FDA all have a role cereals at their local stores: Alaska Community Action in measurably reducing babies’ exposures. .......................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Feeding Your Baby
    _~Äó=eÉäé cÉÉÇáåÖ=~åÇ=fããìåáòáåÖ=vçìê=_~Äó cáêëí=bÇáíáçåW=NVTR cáêëí=oÉîáëáçåW=NVUM pÉÅçåÇ=oÉîáëáçåW=NVUQ qÜáêÇ=oÉîáëáçåW=NVVM cçìêíÜ=oÉîáëáçåW=NVVR cáÑíÜ=oÉîáëáçåW=NVVU páñíÜ=oÉîáëáçåW=OMMM pÉîÉåíÜ=oÉîáëáçåW=OMMP báÖÜíÜ=oÉîáëáçåW=OMMT mêÉé~êÉÇ=ÄóW= mêáåÅÉ=bÇï~êÇ=fëä~åÇ=aÉé~êíãÉåí=çÑ=eÉ~äíÜ _~Äó=eÉäé=oÉëçìêÅÉë `çããìåáíó `çããìåáíó=aáÉíáíá~å mìÄäáÅ=eÉ~äíÜ=kìêëÉ qáÖåáëÜ UUOJTPSS ^äÄÉêíçå URVJUTOM lÛiÉ~êó URVJUTOP URVJUTOM=EUTONF tÉääáåÖíçå URQJTORV pìããÉêëáÇÉ UUUJUNRS=EUNRTF UUUJUNSM hÉåëáåÖíçå UPSJPUSP `Ü~êäçííÉíçïå PSUJRPRT=ERPRPF=ERMTNF PSUJQRPM jçåí~ÖìÉ UPUJMTNV UPUJMTSO pçìêáë SUTJTMRN=ETMRRF SUTJTMQV iÉååçñ=fëä~åÇ=eÉ~äíÜ=`ÉåíêÉ UPNJOTNN ^ÄÉÖïÉáí=eÉ~äíÜ=`ÉåíêÉI=pÅçíÅÜÑçêí STSJPMMT=EORORF i~iÉÅÜÉ=iÉ~ÖìÉ qÜÉ=i~iÉÅÜÉ=iÉ~ÖìÉ=áë=~=Öêçìé=çÑ=ãçíÜÉêë=ïÜç=Ü~îÉ=ÄêÉ~ëíÑÉÇ=íÜÉáê=Ä~ÄáÉëK=qÜÉó=çÑÑÉê=ÜÉäé=~åÇ=~ÇîáÅÉ íç=íÜçëÉ=ïÜç=éä~å=íç=ÄêÉ~ëíÑÉÉÇ=çê=~êÉ=ÅìêêÉåíäó=ÄêÉ~ëíÑÉÉÇáåÖK=få=~ÇÇáíáçåI=íÜÉáê=ãçåíÜäó=ãÉÉíáåÖë éêçîáÇÉ=áåÑçêã~íáçå=~åÇ=ëìééçêí=íç=ãçíÜÉêëK=cÉÉä=ÑêÉÉ=íç=Åçåí~Åí=~=Öêçìé=äÉ~ÇÉê=áå=óçìê=~êÉ~=Ñêçã=íÜçëÉ äáëíÉÇ=ÄÉäçïW `Ü~êäçííÉíçïå `Üêáë=lêíÉåÄìêÖÉê STRJOOPV `çJäÉ~ÇÉê jÉä~åáÉ=t~äëÜJcê~ëÉê RSVJNSMQ `çããìåáíó i~Åí~íáçå=`çåëìäí~åíë eçëéáí~äë ^äÄÉêíçå URPJOPPM lÛiÉ~êó oáí~=^êëÉå~ìäíI=URVJUTOP URVJUTOM qóåÉ=s~ääÉó = UPNJTVMM pìããÉêëáÇÉ _~êÄ=máåÉ~ìI=UUUJUNSM QPOJORMM pìããÉêëáÇÉ açåå~=t~äëÜI=QPOJORMM QPSJVNPNI=Éñí=NPN Éñí=OPQ=çê=QPSJVNPNI=Éñí=OPQ= `Ü~êäçííÉíçïå qÜÉêÉë~=qê~áåçêI=PSUJQRPN oçëÉã~êó=aê~âÉI= UVQJOOST=EOOSUF UVOJSSTTEÜF UVQJOMMQ=EaáÉíáíá~åF UVQJOQQM=EmÉÇë=`äáåáÅF j~êáäóå=kçêíçåI UVQJRNRN=EÜFI=UVOJUTQQEïF jçåí~ÖìÉ UPUJMTTT pçìêáë SUTJTNRM
    [Show full text]
  • Guide and Recipes for Introducing Solid Foods
    Guide and recipes for introducing solid food Public Health dietitians – Vitalité Health Network Table of content Breastfeeding . 5 Introducing your baby to solid food . 5 Textures . 6 Examples of finger foods . 6 Cues that your baby is hungry or has had enough to eat . 7 Meal frequency and amount of food . 7 Roles and responsibilities of parents and the child . 8 Family meals . 8 Open cup (glass without a lid) . 9 Water . 9 Food to avoid . 10 Most common food allergens . 11 Homemade food for your baby Preparation . 12 Practical accessories . .. 12 Cooking vegetables or fruits . 13 Cooking meat, poultry or fish . 14 Cooking meat alternatives . 14 Safe storage of baby food . 15 Thawing and reheating homemade food . 15 Recipes Oatmeal and buckwheat pancakes . 16 Breastmilk French toast . 16 Iron-rich cookies . 17 Mini frittatas . 18 Mini lentil loaves . 19 | 3 | PUBLIC HEALTH DIETITIANS – VITALITÉ HEALTH NETWORK Guide and recipes for introducing solid food This guide provides practical tips and simple recipes to safely start giving your baby solid food . See Loving Care: 6 to 12 Months for more information . GUIDE AND RECIPES FOR INTRODUCING SOLID FOOD | 4 | 02-2019 Breastfeeding Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months and should be continued, with appropriate solid food, for up to the age of 2 or more . Around the age of 6 months, your baby will need solid food to meet all of his or her needs (if born full term and healthy) . Your baby is ready for solid food when he or she is able to: • hold his or her head up; • sit up, lean forward, and straighten up; • try to pick up food and put it in his or her mouth; • show you that he or she no longer wants food .
    [Show full text]
  • Starting Solid Foods
    Starting Solid Foods The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends when babies have doubled their birthweight (often around 4 children be introduced to foods other than breast milk or months), it may be time to introduce food. Your baby’s doctor infant formula when they are about 6 months old depending will advise you when it’s the right time to introduce solid food. on the baby’s readiness and nutritional needs. Generally, Signs that your baby is What should I feed my baby first? developmentally ready: • Traditionally, single-grain, iron-fortified cereals • Your baby can sit with little or no support. made for babies are introduced first. Baby cereals can be mixed with breast milk, formula, or water. • Your baby has good head control. • Once your baby is doing well eating cereal off • Your baby opens her mouth and leans forward a spoon, it may be time to introduce single- when food is offered. ingredient puréed vegetables, fruit, or meat. • Your baby’s tongue-thrust reflex is gone or The order in which foods are introduced doesn’t diminished. This reflex, which prevents infants matter, but go slow. Introduce one food at a time from choking, also causes them to push food out and wait several days before trying something else of their mouths. new. This will let you identify any foods that your baby may be allergic to. NOTE: NOTE: The AAP recommends breastfeeding as the sole Do not put baby cereal in a bottle, because your source of nutrition for your baby for about 6 baby could choke.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing a Puppy with Vomiting and Diarrhoea!
    Managing a puppy with vomiting and diarrhoea! This guide outlines the most important factors in nursing a sick puppy through a severe bout of vomiting and diarrhoea (gastroenteritis). Most of these remedies can be made at home or purchased from a chemist and even the most severe of bugs - even parvovirus - can be successfully managed without veterinary assistance by following these simple guidelines. Warmth Keep the room temperature up – ideally around 25C Young puppies have no reserves of body fat and when unable to keep food down they rely on external heat to keep their body temperature up. A thermometer bought from the chemist or most large supermarkets should be used to check the rectal temperature if possible - normal temperature is 101°F to 102°F/38°C to 39°C. Hydration A puppy needs about half a teaspoon (2.5mls) of water intake every hour per kilogram bodyweight to maintain itself when in good health (e.g. 10mls or two teaspoons for a 4kg puppy). However when losing fluids through diarrhoea and vomiting this requirement is increased two or even four- fold. Dehydration is what eventually leads to death from gastroenteritis irrespective of the underlying cause. Weigh your puppy on some kitchen scales (in e.g. a shoe-box) or pick him up when standing on some bathroom scales and subtract the difference. This gives you an idea of the amount of food and water needed as well as dosages of medication required. If not eating or drinking voluntarily then syringe an electrolyte solution into the side of the mouth, giving no more than 2.5mls per mouthful.
    [Show full text]
  • Southdale Pediatrics Guidelines for Starting Solid Foods
    Southdale Pediatrics Guidelines for Starting Solid Foods When can babies start solids? Most infants are ready at 4-6 months of age. Signs that your baby is ready to try solids: Steady head control. Your infant does not need to sit up alone but his/her head should not be wobbly. Showing interest. If you notice your baby watch you eat or drink and he/she seems focused on the utensil or cup as you bring it up to your mouth. Choose a time of day when you have plenty of time and are not rushed. It takes extra time and patience when your baby is learning a new way of eating. Do not make your baby eat from a spoon if he/she cries or turns away when you feed her. Go back to breastfeeding or bottle-feeding for a few days or a week before trying again. Remember that starting solid foods is a gradual process and each baby is different. Readiness to start solids will vary. Always use a spoon to feed your baby solids. Do not put cereal or other solid foods in a bottle. Most babies start to lose the tongue-pushing reflex around 4 months of age. However, it is common for babies to push out the first few bites onto their face or bib. To make it more enjoyable for your baby, give him/her a drink of breastmilk or formula first, then start with half a spoonful or less of solid food and then another sip of breastmilk or formula. Encourage family meals from the beginning.
    [Show full text]
  • Food for Baby's First Year
    Eat Fish, Choose Wisely Infants 6 months and older can eat 1 to 2 servings a week of a variety of Food fish that are lower in mercury. The serving size is 1 ounce. Some fish low in mercury are: canned light tuna, catfish (farm-raised), pollock, salmon, shad, tilapia, whitefish, and whiting. for Due to their mercury content, do not eat the following: Shark, King Mackerel, Swordfish, Tilefish, Orange Roughy, Bigeye Tuna, Blackfin Tuna, Little Tunny, Cobia, and Marlin. Baby's If you eat fish caught by family or friends, check for local or state fish advisories. In Florida, some of the fish advisories say do not eat OR eat no more than once per month the following fish: Black Crappie, Chain First Pickerel, Crevalle Jack, Great Barracuda, and Largemouth Bass. Do not feed your baby these foods: Year • honey—This can cause food poisoning. Also, avoid foods made with honey such as honey graham crackers and yogurt with honey. • corn syrup and other sweet syrups This pamphlet contains general guidelines for feeding • candies, chocolate, cake, and pie healthy babies. Talk with the nutritionist or health care • foods and drinks with artificial sweeteners provider for more information on feeding your baby. • soda and sweetened drinks • all types of coffee and tea • baby food desserts Pediatricians recommend babies be breastfed until at • food with added spices, seasonings, salt, and fat such as french fries and breaded fried least 1 year of age or older. foods If you are thinking about giving infant formula (artificial baby milk) to your • cheese made with raw (unpasteurized) milk breastfed baby, talk with the nutritionist or health care provider.
    [Show full text]
  • Feeding Your Baby the First Year
    Breastmilk or formula is all Offer 100% fruit juice Offer finger foods Ø Give juice only in a cup. Ø Try small pieces of 0-6 baby needs. 7 10-12 Ø Both have enough water for Juice in the bottle soft foods that months months months your baby. You don’t need is bad for baby’s baby can pick up. to give any extra water. teeth. Ø Let baby touch and Ø Give juice once a day, and only 2 to 4 ounces. play with foods to Ø Use WIC juice (or other unsweetened, get used to them. 100% fruit juice) diluted with water. Ø Baby will make a mess! Be ready to Ø Don’t use fruit drinks, Kool-aid, or soda. clean up spills. Ø Give drinks in a cup every day. Keep nursing or Start infant cereal Ø Offer drinks in a cup with each meal giving bottles 3 or 4 times a day. Ø Feed all baby foods and snack. 5 - 6 with a spoon. Ø Enjoy eating meals with your baby. months Ø Start with rice cereal. Then try oatmeal and barley. Give wheat and mixed cereals Add cooked chicken, fish, meats, cooked beans, tofu, egg yolks after baby is 8 months old. 7-8 Ø Mix cereal with breastmilk, formula or water. Ø Use plain, strained baby meats. months Ø Keep nursing or offering bottles 4 to 6 times a day. You can also mash or grind your Happy first birthday! own plain, cooked foods. Ø Continue to breastfeed your 1 Ø Instead of buying mixed dinners, mix plain baby baby as long as you would like.
    [Show full text]
  • Child Abuse While at Portsmouth (1976)
    Allegations of Medical Neglect: Checking the Facts Bruce J. McIntosh, M.D. Co-Interim Statewide Medical Director Child Protection Team System Bruce J. McIntosh, M.D. Workshop Moderator . Received M.D. degree from the University of Florida College of Medicine (1970) . Completed residencies in Pediatrics at the Yale-New Haven Medical Center and the Navy Regional Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia . Began working in the field of child abuse while at Portsmouth (1976) . Certified by the American Board of Pediatrics in the sub-specialty of Child Abuse Pediatrics . Presently serving as Co-Interim Statewide Child Protection Team Medical Director Investigating Allegations Objectives of Workshop . Define and describe the Medical Complex Child and the challenges such children present for their families . Provide basic medical information on specific medical conditions commonly resulting in reports of medical neglect . Introduce the use of disease-specific checklists to assist in gathering information about families’ understanding of their child’s medical condition and in identifying potential barriers to successful management of the child in the home . Assist you in enabling these children to remain safely in their homes while eliminating recidivism, i.e., repeated reports on the same child Evaluating Allegations of Medical Neglect Schedule Topic Speaker ___ Time Allocation Introduction McIntosh 5 minutes The Medically Complex Child Elliott 35 minutes Diabetes Shapiro 15 minutes Failure to Thrive Shapiro 15 minutes Break 15 minutes Asthma Dully 15 minutes Eczema Dully 15 minutes Dental Problems McIntosh 15 minutes Obesity Pena 15 minutes Summation McIntosh 5 minutes Medical Neglect Definition . The failure to provide or the failure to allow needed care as recommended by a health care practitioner for a physical injury, illness, medical condition, or impairment, or .
    [Show full text]
  • Feeding Your Baby  Your Baby Is the Best Judge of How Much to Eat
    SOME IMPORTANT 1 Bottles are for water and formula only! Babies like to THINGS cuddle and to be held while drinking their bottle and it helps pre- vent ear infection, choking, and overeating. TO No cereal (use a spoon) REMEMBER No Kool-Aid, pop or sports drinks To protect baby’s teeth and prevent choking, do not let baby fall asleep with a bottle. WIC Division SOLIDS 2 Solids should be given by spoon, never in a bottle. Offer small amounts at first, make food thin and smooth by mixing it with a little formula or breast milk. 3 Never force your baby to finish a bottle or food. 4 AT FEEDING TIME Feeding Your Baby Your baby is the best judge of how much to eat. You and your baby are learning about Baby is full when he/she stops nursing/sucking/eating and each other. Relax, hold your baby close. body feels relaxed. Love is just as important as milk for your baby’s health. Overfeeding can lead to weight and eating problems. 5 BABY FOOD FORMULA SCHEDULE SHOPPING TIPS BABY’S AGE Ounces per Number of Total ounces (in months) feeding feedings per day 0 – 4 weeks 3 - 4 6 - 8 18 - 24 1 4 - 5 5 - 6 20 - 30 2 5 - 6 5 25 - 30 3 6 - 7 4 - 5 24 - 35 Buy plain fruits (peaches, 4 7 - 8 4 - 5 28 - 40 pears, etc.) Avoid fruit 5 7 - 8 4 - 5 28 - 40 desserts 6 7 - 8 3 - 4 28 - 32 (puddings, the first twelve months cobblers, etc.) When baby is 6 months old and takes more than 32 ounces of formula, consider starting solid foods.
    [Show full text]