604 0 1 9 745 6 88

Special Study

Juniata and W e s tern D iv i sions Pe nnsylv ani a Mai n Li ne Canal Printed on recycled paper by D av id F ritz B l m nsen A . erle C e e

Juniata and W e ste rn D iv isions Pe nn sylv ani a Mai n Li ne Canal

United States Department of the Interior National Park Se rvice

A CKNOWLEDG EMENTS

Numerous people gave of their time and aided us in researching and writing this report . Our

' thanks go to Randall Cooley and his staff at America s Industrial Heritage Project . William

Wolford of Indiana , Pennsylvania , walked the canal divisions and recorded the extant features

e as well as photographed them . W valued the efforts of the people in the Pennsylvania

of Historical and Museum Commission, Division Archives and Manuscripts, in Harrisburg,

Pennsylvania .

iii

ACKNOWLEDG EMENTS

Numerous people gave of their time and aided us in researching and writing this report . Our

’ thanks go to Randall Cooley and his staff at America s Industrial Heritage Project . William

of Wolford Indiana , Pennsylvania , walked the canal divisions and recorded the extant features

r We as well as photog aphed them . valued the efforts of the people in the Pennsylvania

Historical and Museum Commission, Division of Archives and Manuscripts, in Harrisburg,

Pennsylvania .

iii A cknowledgement s

List of Photographs Western Division Juniata Division

An f P Chap ter I . Overview o th e Juniata and Western Divisions of the ennsylvania Main Line Canal

Background Early Pennsylvania Canal Proposals Main Line Canal Construction The Juniata Division The Western Division Canal Operation Sale of the Main Line Abandonment

E h n Chapter II . xtant Features of t e Western and Juniata D ivisio s

Western Division Juniata Division

t E A i R P rt i n t t n Chap er III . xtant rch val ecords e a ni g o the Juniata and Wes er D ivisi ons of the Pennsylvania Mai n Line Canal

Part A Bibliographical Essay ’ r i Part B Listing of Archival Materials Derived From Hube t s M . Cummings ’ Pennsylvania Board of Canal Commissioners Records with Allied Records of anal om anies hartered b the ommonwealth escri tive Index C C p C y C , D p , Concentrating on Records Concerning the Juniata Division and the Western Division ’ Part C Listing of Archival Materials Derived from Adelaide R . Hasse s Bibli ography Index of Economic Material in Documents of the States of the United States , Concentrating on Documents Concerning the Juniata Division and the Western Division of the Pennsylvania Main Line Canal ' Sim netti s Part D Listing of Archival Materials Derived from Martha L . o ' Inventory of Canal Commissioners Maps in the Pennsylvania State Archives (1 968)

B ibliography LIST O F PHOTOG RAPHS

Western D ivision

Photograph 1 The lower end of the culvert at mile The arched canal culvert is visible inside a larger railroad culvert Photograph 2 Site of outlet lock 1 at mile Only the depression on the left remains of this lock Photograph 3 Site of lift lock 2 at mile The circular depression in the center contains the site of this lock Canal with water at mile Site of guard lock 2 at mile This view looks through the remains at the guard lock Photograph 6 Remnant of the Flat Run towpath bridge west abutment at mile Photograph 7 Remnant of the Flat Run towpath bridge east abutment at mile Remains of the towpath at mile Remains of a Long Run towpath bridge abutment at mile Photograph 1 0 View down Blackleg’ s Creek at the site of the aqueduct at mile Photograph 1 1 Site of the canal in Canal Park in Saltsburg at mile ' Photograph 1 2 Foundation of the lock 8 locktend er s house in Canal Park in Saltsburg at mile Photograph 1 3 Remains of the canal viewed from the High Street bridge in Saltsburg at mile Remains of an arched canal culvert at mile Remains of an arched canal culvert at mile View through the area at the site of lock 9 at mile Canal with water at mile Remnant of the waste gate at mile Site of the Elder' s Run aqueduct at mile Site of lock 1 1 at mile Remains of the canal and towpath (on left) at mile Canal with water at mile Site of lock 1 6 at mile Basin and canal above dam and guard lock 5 at mile Photograph 25 Remains of the arched towpath culvert at mile Photograph 26 Remains of the west abutment of the McG ee Run towpath bridge at mile Canal with water at mile Remains of an arched canal culvert at mile Remains of the towpath at mile Site of lock 4 at mile Well preserved arched canal culvert at mile Remains of a canal bridge abutment at mile Remains of a towpath crossover bridge abutment at mile Photograph 34 Remains of guard lock 1 at mile Photograph 35 Remnant of the southwest abutment of dam 1 at mile Photograph 36 Remains of a revetment wall at mile Photograph 37 View through lock 5 showing the intact stone walls at mile View of the canal prism with some water at mile Remains of guard lock 2 at mile Remains of the revetment wall above guard lock 2 and the dam at mile Photograph 41 Remnant of the towpath crossover bridge south abutment at mile Photograph 42 Remains of the waste gate at the lower end of lock 8 at mile Photograph 43 Remains of the Tubmill Creek aqueduct east abutment at mile which has been incorporated into a later railroad bridge Photograph 44 Remains of the Lockport aqueduct wing walls and abutments at mile which have been incorporated into a later railroad bridge ’ Photograph 45 Partly collapsed end of the Reed s Run canal culvert at mile Photograph 46 Canal prism with water at mile Photograph 47 Remains of the upper end of the guard bank at dam 4 at mile

Remains of the top of the East Reservoir dam used as a feeder for canal water at Hollidaysburg Photograph 49 Remains of the canal channel with some water at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 50 Site of the canal channel at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 51 Northeast abutment of Three Mile Dam at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 52 Site of outlet lock 33 with the towpath bridge abutment on the right at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 53 A view of the towpath across the Juniata River and above the pipeline at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 54 Remains of the towpath bridge west abutment at mile below Hollidaysburg which has been incorporated into a railroad bridge

vi Photograph 55 Remnant of the south wall of guard lock 25 at ’ Sch mucke r s Dam at mile below Hollidaysburg ’ Photograph 56 Remains of the Sch mucker s Dam north abutment at mile below Hollidaysburg ’ Photograph 57 Remains of guard lock 23 at Porter s Dam at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 58 Remnant of a wing wall and abutment at Small Aqueduct at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 59 A pier of Large Aqueduct at mile below Hollidaysburg which has been incorporated into a railroad bridge Photograph 60 Site of lift lock 2 1 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 6 1 The remnant of lift lock 20 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 62 A shallow depression marks the site of outlet lock 1 6 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 63 A well preserved flat lintel stone towpath culvert at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 64 A well preserved flat lintel stone towpath culvert at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 65 Crumbling stone remains of the Little Water Street Dam northwest abutment at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 66 A well preserved stone wall at the Water Street inlet at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 67 Remains of the canal channel along side of a road between Alexandria Borough and Porter Township at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 68 Partial remains of a stone side wall at lift lock 9 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 69 View down the remains of guard lock 5 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 70 Canal channel with water at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 71 Site of lift lock 2 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 72 Remains of lift lock 1 at mile below Hollidaysburg Photograph 73 Remains of the guard lock at the Raytown Feeder Dam at mile below Huntingdon E N N S Y LV A N IA

PE NNS YLVANIA MAIN LINE CANAL

We s te rn Div i s i on J uni ata Div i s i o n

unia y re

OO NA

WEST VIRGINIA

VIRGINIA

Loc at lo n North

Pe nns ylvania Main Line Canal Unite d S tate s Department Of The Interior National Park S e rvice ’ DS C February 93 957 20053 Not To S cale AN RVIEW O F U IA A AND W R I I I CHAPTER I. OVE THE J N T ESTE N D V S ONS O F THE PENNSYLVANIA MAIN LINE CANAL

B ACKG ROUND

Y During the American colonial period several towns such as Boston , New ork, Philadelphia ,

and Baltimore developed into main trading ports . Merchants in those locations prospered . At

first their main domestic trading areas were nearby, but gradually these sources of trade

of extended over ever greater distance . By the time the American Revolution , a sufficiently large number of people had moved westward to warrant the extension of trade routes farther

and farther inland . Consequently, competition arose among these port city merchants to

of capture more western trade, because their prosperity depended upon the amount

commerce they could attract to their home port . Transportation improvements were required

to . S w on facilitate this trade As a result, soon after the United tates its independence from

r . Great B itain, merchants of the northeastern ports began to focus on turnpike construction

One of these first roads was completed between Philadelphia and Lancaster, Pennsylvania in

1 7 4. 9 1 81 1 . Another, which ultimately became the National Road , started in with federal aid

Over turnpike miles had been built before the boom ended in the early 1 8205 .

As the turnpike era ebbed, canal construction came to the fore . Merchants saw this new form

i to . of of transportation as super or land travel The success the Erie Canal, which connected

Y n Y to Albany, New ork on the Hudson River to Buffalo o Lake Erie and thus New ork City

1 82 A 5 . Albany via the Hudson by October , stimulated other work number of canals which

to provided access tidewater ports soon followed . The Pennsylvania Main Line Canal and

2 Railroad system was among the more important of these waterways chartered in the 1 8 03 .

EARLY PENNSYLVANIA CANAL PR OPO S ALS

The earliest suggestion for the development of a water route to western Pennsylvania was

1 advanced before the American Revolution . This proposal in 760 called for a Juniata

. 1 786 . Allegheny passage Nothing more, however, was heard of it until At that point, a debate n f r i began o the desire o a canal to cross the state . The discussion reached suff cient magnitude

of 1 790 McCla by the fall that one promoter, Daniel y, began to look for a water route from the mouth of Stony Creek (Johnstown) to Poplar Run on the Franktown branch of the Juniata

In 1 791 River . , based upon his survey, a committee in the state legislature recommended that

the Juniata , Conemaugh, and Kiskiminetas Rivers be made navigable and that a portage road

A be built over the llegheny Mountains . The suggestions were not taken seriously, however,

Y 1 until New ork began to build the Erie Canal .

A 1 7 1 f 1 1 At fter 9 thoughts in Pennsylvania o a canal languished until 8 3 . that time David Reid

i did and James Clarke brought a canal proposal before the state leg slature, but it not receive

of Y 1 81 7 favorable attention . When the state New ork began construction on the Erie Canal in , a number of newspapers and civil leaders in Pennsylvania began to advocate a state - owned

canal system for their state . This movement was led by men from Pittsburgh who appealed

for support from Philadelphia merchants . Even though it meant an increase in business, the

S Philadelphia merchants hesitated to lend their voices in support . tate government officials

to . wavered, as well, when it came committing the state to such a project It was viewed as

too . not costly Pennsylvania canal proponents could nudge the state into action , so they took

1 823 . another tack in when, by that year, large sections of the Erie Canal Opened Reports circulated about the rapid development of the area through which the Erie Canal ran and the

i As large toll revenues derived from the traff c . a result, Pennsylvania canal supporters sent

D C . 6 1 823 . delegates to attend a canal convention in Washington, on November , Although

not . these men sought federal aid for canal construction, they did succeed No federal money

was made available for a state canal system . It became clear that, if a canal were to be built,

2 the state government would have to build it .

1 . u us u a a or a oad" m a o and ov a o th e es o se to th e e a a J li R bin, C n l R ilr I it ti n Inn ti n in R p n Eri C n l in h ad e h a a mo e and l f a h Am i a h oso h a So os o v o . 51 a 7 o sa o s o t e e e P il lp i , B lti r , B t n , , p rt Tr n cti n f r c n P il p ic l ci ty h ad e h a: Th Am m h v f th e e e a h oso h a So e 1 9 a . He din er o e e s e s o o (P il lp i ric n P il p ic l ci ty, ; E rl J y g , C pr n i Hi t ry e s v a a a a S s e m h a u a A e o to th e A e h e o a e a oad o o : a e # 1 S a e P nn yl ni C n l y t , wit P rtic l r tt nti n ll g ny P rt g R ilr , P rti n Pl n , t pl " e d u e and o ev e u e IV : 1 -2 e s th e A e h e o a e a oad Na o a s o B n T nn l L ng L l , (J n , typ cript in ll g ny P rt g R ilr ti n l Hi t ric S e a A h e u e u e The ea Ame a a a s: The hesa eake and Oh o Canal and the e s va a it libr ry; rc r B tl r H lb rt, Gr t ric n C n l C p i P nn yl ni a a ev e a d Oh : Th h o e A u . a Co . 1 904 1 70. C n l (Cl l n , i rt r H Cl rk , )

2 . mas v 1 h o S . e d o e ss v e s o a of es e e s v a a dia a mes e s a a a h T R i , Pr gr i Hi t ri n W t rn P nn yl ni , In n Ti (P nn yl ni ), M rc , " 1 882 A v a h O o f th e o s o f d . s o o u a e s o e ed w h th e u d and e a o S a e ; l r L Bi p, C rr pt Pr ctic C nn ct it B il ing p r ti n t t W rk e s v a a Ya e Rev ew 1 5 Fe ua 391 o e u ou h and a e eu a The e s va a ai P nn yl ni , l i ( br ry ; R b rt Mcc ll g W lt r L b , P nn yl ni M n

Canal Yo Pa . z Th Am e e e a a a and a s o a o e e 1 8. Lin ( rk, ric n C n l Tr n p rt ti n C nt r,

2 1 823 Although Pennsylvanians failed to attract federal aid during the November convention,

their efforts began to bear fruit in their state assembly . A mainline canal bill, which had been

1 823 introduced in the legislature in , received a favorable report by that body in December

f r - 27 1 824. o of that year . It became law on March , This act provided a three man commission under whose direction a canal route would be explored between the Susquehanna and

Allegheny Rivers . With a limited deadline the commission concentrated on finding a method

Comemau h by which the sources of the Juniata and g Rivers could be connected, since they

felt that these rivers were the logical route for a canal . All did not function smoothly,

one i tw o . however, for commissioner disagreed with the f ndings of the other men As a result,

i two commissioners, James Clarke and Jacob Holgate, filed a report with the leg slature on

2 1 825 S February , which strongly recommended a route along the usquehanna and Juniata

k A . Rivers in the east and the Conemaugh, Kis iminetas, and llegheny Rivers in the west

Trczi uln Charles y y, the third commissioner, soon followed with a minority report in which

3 he doubted the wisdom of using the Juniata Route .

In the meantime a group composed principally of Philadelphia merchants organized the

Pennsylvania Society for the Promotion of Internal Improvements in the Commonwealth in

1 824. late Led by Matthew Carey, this organization espoused a railroad to connect

z r to Philadelphia with Pittsburgh . In their eal to develop a railroad , the g oup helped organize

A 4 6 1 825. an Internal Improvement Convention which met at Harrisburg from ugust to , The f o . A preponderance the delegates, however, favored a canal lthough the railroad proponents

" - 3 . u a a or a oad" 20 2 1 am e de so Th e v o u o e ade e and A a d o me R bin , C n l R ilr ; Willi B n r Wil n , E l ti n , D c nc b n n nt of th e A e h e o a e a oad A ua Re o o the Se e a o e al A a s o the ommo wea h o ll g ny P rt g R ilr , in nn l p rt f cr t ry f Int rn ff ir f C n lt f e s va a or the Yea d u e 30 1 899 a IV: Rai oad a al Nav a o e e a h and e e ho e om a es P nn yl ni f r En ing J n , , P rt lr , C n , ig ti n, T l gr p T l p n C p ni

h W - ad e h a : m . S a e Ra xli x e h e sus o the U ed S a es: a s o a o as h o D C (P il lp i t nl y y, liii; T nt C n f nit t t Tr n p rt ti n (W ingt n , " " ov e me O e - d 736 737 a A . a o s Th e Old u a a a a a nd o a e a oa G rn nt Printing ffic , ; H rry J c b , J ni t C n l P rt g R ilr , in ' - eo e A . o e d . B a ou s F H Th o e ss 1 59 s u d ed Yea s 1 846 1 946 A oo a Pa . : e G rg W lf, , l ir C nty ir t n r r , ( lt n , Mirr r Pr , ; " eo e oh so a d a h h e s an ae s oh s o and th e e s v a a a a Ka e e e d . G rg J n n, E rl Gil , R lp Mic l , J n t wn P nn yl ni C n l , in rl B rg r, , oh s ow : The S o o a U u Va h m 2 1 a S . av s e e o s ow Pa . z o h s o F ood useu 5 J n t n t ry f niq ll y (J n t n , J n t wn l M , ; T rring D i , A H s o B a o u l . 1 o v o P . z 4 e r i . a s u a Na o a s o a As so a o . 8 Hub t s i t ry f l ir C nty, (H rri b rg, ti n l Hi t ric l ci ti n , Inc , ; M ' umm s e s va a Boa d o a a omm ss o R o d f d s e s e s a s u Pa . : u e au o a o e o C ing , P nn yl ni r f C n l C i i n r c r (H rri b rg, B r L b r R c r , 1 o a d . e s ed . ia: a an F v ; e s va o o d ede a v ol. 3 h ad e h a: e s a a s o a H w r M J nkin , , P nn yl n C l ni l r l, (P il lp i P nn yl ni Hi t ric l u h A " s ss . 279 M ull h , ; cC ou and eu a, The e s va a a e a a 1 8; . . a s , Th e P bli ing n g L b P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, J E W tkin o a e a oad and th e New o a e a oad 1 47 u u sh e d m a us 1 896 th e A e h e o a e P rt g R ilr P rt g R ilr , , np bli n cript ( ) in ll g ny P rt g a oad Na o a s o Si e a h m f O l o a e a oad A o a o as A . o ue s o o d o o R ilr ti n l Hi t ric t libr ry; T L g , Hi t ry P rt g R ilr , lt n Mirr r e s v a a F e ua 1 3 1 939 h m ( , , ; o as . h a m a The Valle o the o emau h A oo a Pa . z um P nn yl ni ) br ry T J C p n , y f C n g ( lt n , Mccr " e 79 za e h e a Th e - 4 M h m a , ; u d of th e e s v a a a a 1 826 1 83 . A. es s o u D rn Eli b t Mill r Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l, , T i , C l bi U v e s 1 949 ni r ity, . continued to press their position, they lost their impetus when the chief railroad exponent,

4 t o . Matthew Carey, switched favor a canal

4 1 825 On November , , soon after the canal proponents celebrated their victory at the Internal

i . Improvements Convention, the Er e Canal was completed This situation brought dire

A f to . o circumstances Philadelphia lready hard hit by the completion the National Road ,

’ much of the merchants remaining commerce was taken by New York City . Trade with

Pittsburgh and the west almost ended . To make matters worse, many Philadelphia financial

5 institutions entered bankruptcy .

M AIN LINE CANA L CONS TRUCTION

The 1 824 Canal Commission and its dual reports proved to be unpopular throughout the

one . state, since only canal route was examined As a result, petitions were sent to the

i leg slature from various areas of the state requesting the consideration of other routes . Diverse business and agricultural interests throughout much of the state saw the practical benefi t to

their individual communities if the canal passed through their area . In response, the state

A 1 1 1 825. legislature passed another canal bill which became law on pril , It called for the

f - o . establishment a five member Board of Canal Commissioners Organized in July, this board was charged with examining seven possible canal routes between the east and west areas of

6 the state and selecting one route for construction .

Although the five - member canal board had not made its report by the time the state

i 1 826 leg slature met in January , the desire to begin canal construction led that body to

2 1 826 . . 5 produce a canal construction bill It became law on February , This act committed the

" state to build a Pennsylvania Canal which would connect Philadelphia with Pittsburgh . It

" M - 4. cCullo u h and eu a The e s va a a e a a 1 8 u Canal o r a oad" 25 29 o ue g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; R bin , R ilr ; L g , " f l s o o O d o a e a oad h a ma The Valle o the o emau h 79 . Hi t ry P rt g R ilr ; C p n , y f C n g ,

M Cullou h and u a Th a a 1 c e e e s v a e a a 9. g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l,

' " mm r a " 25 so 6 . u s e s va a Boa d o a a omm ss o e s Re o ds 2 u a a o oad C ing , P nn yl ni r f C n l C i i n r c r , ; R bin , C n l R ilr ; Wil n , " Th e v o u o e ade e and A a d o me of th e A e h e o a e a oad x e i s e s va a E l ti n , D c nc b n n nt ll g ny P rt g R ilr , liii; J nk n , P nn yl ni " o o ia a nd Fede al : 280 a Th e u d o f th e e s v a a a a 1 826 25 u e The ea C l n l r , III ; Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l , ; H lb rt, Gr t Am a e a a s 1 81 . ric n C n l ,

of - width the entire canal was sixty four feet . All brush and trees had to be grubbed on both

sides for at least forty feet from the center . Lift lock dimensions were fifteen feet wide and

ninety feet long except on the Eastern division where the width was seventeen feet . A four

1 0 foot wide spillway was provided on the uphill side of each lock .

Although no connecting route between the Eastern and Western canal divisions had been

to 1 826 1 827 initially established , engineers began report by late and early in favor of the

1 27 . 8 Juniata River route When the state legislature convened in , legislators heeded this

Sh ulz e advice . As a result, the canal legislation passed that year and signed by Governor on

’ 9 1 827 for April , provided the initiation of the Juniata division from Duncan s Island on the f east to Lewistown . This act also approved the extension o the Western division from the mouth of the Kiskiminetas up that ri ver and the Conemaugh for forty- four miles to a point

1 1 near Blairsville .

24 1 828 . Further extensions of the canal were enacted on March , At that time the Juniata division received authorization to continue from Huntingdon to the highest practicable point

which was at Hollidaysburg . On the west side the act provided for an extension from

Blairsville to the highest practicable point on the Conemaugh which was at Johnstown . With

of this authority, the entire length of the main line was located . It consisted five segments

1 03 - A 1 27 a mile Western division , a thirty six mile llegheny Portage Railroad, a mile Juniata

- - tw o division, a forty three mile Eastern division, and an eighty mile Philadelphia and

’ 1 2

90 . Columbia Railroad . The Main Line s length covered more than 3 miles

Canal construction proved to be much more expensive than anticipated . Engineering cost

estimates were always well below actual needs . Although large amounts of money were

1 0. Mc ull h n n e e C o u a d e u a The e s va a a e a a 35 S o . e e a d au . g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; c tt D H b rling P l M H b rling, h a A h 1 u do se a T 22 . 1 21 Se o 00 eo o a v es a o : ou U o ass o e . . 5 . P II rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp Pr j ct , R , L R , cti n , H nting n " ou e s v a a e a ed for e s v a a e a me of a s o a o s 9- 0 and Fed eral h a C nty, P nn yl ni (Pr p r P nn yl ni D p rt nt Tr n p rt ti n Di trict Hig w y Adm s a o 27 ini tr ti n , .

1 1 . The a e o the e s va a S a e m oveme s 1 4 u ou h and eu a The e s va ia a e M in Lin f P nn yl ni t t I pr nt , ; Mcc ll g L b , P nn yl n M in Lin " " a a 22-23 a Th e u f h d o t e e s v a a a a 44. C n l, ; Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l,

M l - 1 2 . cCu lou h and e u a The e s va a a e Canal 24 25 e e and e e h ase g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin , ; H b rling H b rling, P II " " A h aeo o a v e s a o : ou U o ass 21 a Th e u d of th e e s v a a a a 51 The rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp , ; Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l, ; ai e o th s S a m r m 4 e e va a e ove e s 1 . M n Lin f P nn yl ni t t I p nt , ’ borrowed each year, it was never enough to cover the canal board s expenditures . When the

board spent its yearly monetary allotment, it would notify the contractors . These concerns usually continued to construct their segment because they knew that the legislature would

provide the necessary funds in its next session . Frequently, however, the Canal

for Commissioners were careless with the funds, they awarded contracts to friends or political

for . allies higher sums than necessary Contractors, too, took advantage of the lax situation

and claimed compensation for more men or animals than worked for them . Thus more money

than necessary was expended in canal construction . Few, if any, people were ever prosecuted

1 3 for cheating the state .

1 2 By 8 9 two portions of the canal in the Eastern and Western divisions were completed . The

As introduction of water in these sections permitted their use by canal boats . a result, tolls

f - on o . were collected for the first time . These tolls were charged the basis a ton mile Those

1 829 charges announced in assessed flour, meat, cheese, beer, salt, and fish, as well as farm

f - - o . products and household goods at the rate two cents per ton mile Pig iron , and broken

- - a- castings were levied at one and half cents with coal and iron ore at one cent, and sand , clay,

- earth, gravel, bleached ashes, and manure at three fourths of a cent . The highest rates of four

cents were placed on such valuables as furs and pelts . Canal boats which conveyed passengers were charged twenty - five cents per mile or ten cents a mile for the boat and one

A . t cent per mile for each passenger over eight years of age, as the owners decided the same time the toll for passengers on freight boats was one - half cent for those over twelve

1 4 years old .

THE JUNIATA DIVI S ION

i A 1 2 ct A 9 8 7. The Juniata division was authorized by the state leg slature with the of pril ,

not i Work, however, did beg n on the entire division at the same time . The legislature

’ empowered the canal commission to construct only the forty - five miles between Duncan s

1 3 . McCullou h and eu a The e s va a a e Canal 27 28 sh o o u a es o e e d h g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin , ; Bi p , C rr pt Pr ctic C nn ct wit th e u d and O e a o of th e S a e f e v - o s o s a a 396 399 407 409. B il ing p r ti n t t W rk P nn yl ni , , ,

1 4 - . McCullou h a nd e u a The e s va a a e a a 89 91 The a e o the e s va a S a e g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; M in Lin f P nn yl ni t t m m ove e s 1 5 . I pr nt , Act 24 1 828 Island and Lewistown at first . It was not until the of March , that the legislature granted an extension of the canal from Lewistown to the highest expedient and practical point

’ on the Juniata River and thus officially established the line s entire route . Contracts were let

1 828 to build the segment between Lewistown and Huntingdon in , but the commissioners did

on 1 not focus the final canal portion between Huntingdon and Hollidaysburg until June ,

- 1 83 1 . 27 28 The completion celebration was held on November ,

’ The Juniata division began near the head o f Duncan s Island on the Susquehanna River

approximately one and a half miles beyond the pool at the end of the Eastern division . It crossed the Susquehanna River by means of a 600- foot long aqueduct to the south bank of

’ the Juniata River . At North s Island , some nineteen miles up that river, the narrow gap through the Tuscarora Mountain dictated that the canal be switched to the north side of the

- to Juniata . Here an eight foot dam on the river provided the slack water necessary convey

boats across the river . Boats were towed across the river by means of an endless rope ferry .

On the east side of Mount Union the canal again crossed to the south side of the river only to return to the north bank four miles west of that village . Above Huntingdon the Juniata

River served for slackwater navigation on approximately sixteen of the thirty-eight miles

between that borough and Hollidaysburg . Fourteen river dams served to create the slackwater

1 6 pools . In this same segment the canal switched from river bank to river bank seven times .

Since the course of the Juniata progressed through rough and mountainous country for most

of its length, construction of a canal in this area proved difficult . Contracts for work on the

’ canal from Duncan s Island to Lewistown were let in the fall of 1 827. These work compacts were allotted on the basis of half- mile segments with separate awards for such features as

locks, dams, aqueducts, and bridges . Later contracts for the Lewistown to Huntingdon and

the Huntingdon to Hollidaysburg segments followed this same allotment principal . The

physical obstacles posed by the rugged country slowed work, but unanticipated high water,

disease outbreaks among workers, and inefficient contractors also contributed to the laggardly

1 5. u ou h and e u a The e s lva ia a e a a e e and e e h ase Mcc ll g L b , P nn y n M in Lin C n l, H b rling H b rling, P II " A h aeo o a v e s a o : o u U o ass 26 a Th e u d o f th e e s v a a a a rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp , Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l ,

- 1 826 1 834, 78 .

1 M ll 6 . cCu o u h and eu a The e s va a a e a a 41 46 e e and e e h ase g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, , ; H b rling H b rling, P II " A h ae o o a v e s a o : o u U o ass 23 . rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp ,

8 1 828 building pace . In the spring and summer of , as the work progressed in snaillike fashion

below Lewistown, the principal assistant engineer Alexander C . Twining with four others i surveyed a route between that town and Huntingdon . They recommended the r ver route

on 20 1 828 . which was officially accepted by the canal commissioners August , The commissioners did not let contracts for the final segment from Huntingdon to Hollidaysburg

not until the route to Huntingdon was all but complete . As a result, these final contracts were

1 1 831 . awarded until June , It was originally intended to have this component terminate at

Frankstown where three branches of the Juniata joined to form a natural site for a canal basin .

to When the landowner rejected a bid purchase his land , John Blair, a member of the state

tw o legislature from Huntingdon County, succeeded in having the canal terminate miles

north in a basin at Hollidaysburg .

1 832 Upon completion of the Juniata division in November , the engineers had accomplished

f 82 . i . o 5 an exceedingly diff cult task In its mile length , there was a rise feet three inches

- of To overcome such a height required eighty eight locks . As a result, there was an average

- one lock every mile and a half. Four of these locks were constructed of cut stone masonry .

S - even locks were built with rubble stone laid in mortar . The other seventy seven locks were

- made with wooden frames which were planked watertight with four inch thick boards .

- Twenty five covered aqueducts carried the canal over tributaries and the Juniata . Except for one , these aqueducts were wooden structures supported by stone piers and abutments . They

’ ranged in length from the 600 foot long aqueduct at Duncan s Island to one of twenty- six feet

- at Newton Hamilton . The one exception was an experimental cast iron structure which was

e cov red with iron plates . It had a cut stone floor laid in cement . In addition to the aqueducts,

- tw o forty road and over sixty farm bridges crossed the canal . These spans were built of wood

with stone abutments . The farm bridges, however, were narrower and of lighter construction .

- Other canal features included seventeen dams and hundreds of culverts and waste weirs . S everal feeders were built to maintain a water supply . These included a short feeder which

led to a small supply basin at Hollidaysburg . The water for this basin came from the

of A Beaverdam and Frankstown branches the Juniata River . mile long feeder brought water

Ra stow n to from the y branch the canal just below Huntingdon . These sources did not supply

f r o . sufficient water during dry periods, especially the Hollidaysburg basin The problem was

1 M - 7. cCullou h and eu a The e s va a a e a a 44 45 e e and e e h a se g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; H b rling H b rling, P II " " " A h aeo o i a v e s a o : ou U o ass 25- 3 1 Th e u d f th s v 4 a o e e a a a a 8 78 . rc l g c l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp , ; Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l , ,

9 not solved until fifteen years later when new feeders were built . In addition to the basins, small harbors were placed at strategic points along the route so that boats could tie up at

1 8 night and all but passenger boats could put up on Sunday .

- k Irish immigrants formed the workforce . They performed hard, back brea ing work at the rate

1 1 1 2 of twelve or more hours per day . Wages usually ran around $ to $ per month including

1 828 tools, board , and drink . In those instances, such as when sickness and death reduced the

1 6 1 8 . workforce, pay would rise to $ to $ per month For this money a man was expected to

dig fifteen cubic yards of earth or three feet of canal per day . Most of this work was done by

using a pick, shovel, and wheelbarrow . In those areas with a preponderance of rock, blasting

was necessary . Other men lined the canal prism with puddle which was a special clay laid

t to the thickness of two o three feet to prevent any water loss . Although the Irish laborers

of not or were often stereotyped as quarrelsome drunks, most those men did drink to excess

to . partake in the general brawls attributed them In fact, many of the Irish remained in the

1 9 area after the canal completion to become landowners and businessmen .

Contractors averaged various construction rates depending upon the type of soil encountered .

They usually received ten cents per yard to excavate earth and gravel . Hard pan brought a

of - return twelve cents per yard, while loose rock earned twenty five cents, and solid rock

- - i averaged thirty seven to forty f ve cents . Embankments were built for thirteen to fourteen

to cents per cubic yard and puddling was applied for fifteen cents a yard . The cost construct the Juniata division came to a total of

on 27 1 832 The formal opening of the Juniata division November , did not mean that regular

traffic could use the canal . It was discovered that a number of contractors did not conform

to to . the construction standards . As a result, some lock walls had be replaced In other instances the trunks of aqueducts had to be lengthened because they were so short that

M ll - e h ase 1 8 . cCu ou h and e u a The en s va a a e a a 43 46 1 1 4 e e and e g L b , P n yl ni M in Lin C n l, , ; H b rling H b rling, P II A haeo v o a e s a o : ou U o ass 2 1 23 30. rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp , , ,

- 1 9. u ou h and eu a The e s va a a e a a 53 54 e e and e e h ase Mcc ll g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; H b rling H b rling, P II " " A h aeo o a v es a o : ou U o ass 27 28 a Th e u d o f th e e s v a a Canal 53 . rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp , , ; Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni ,

M - th s va a S a e 20. cCullou h and eu a The e s va a a e a a 53 55 The a e o e e g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; M in Lin f P nn yl ni t t Im rov n ’ nt m a a a s 21 1 e n s 55 u e The ea A e . p , ; H lb rt, Gr t ric n C n l ,

1 0 embankments washed out at either end . Puddling had to be replaced at a number of culverts

of where it proved to be so thin that there was excessive water loss . Repairs over the winter

’ 21 - 1 832 33 permitted the division s Opening to regular traffic in the spring .

THE WES TERN DIVIS ION

to Like the Juniata division , the Western division proved difficult construct, especially the

segments between Pittsburgh and the Kiskiminetas River, and Johnstown to Blairsville . Although the state legislature authorized the first section up the Allegheny River between

26 1 826 not . Pittsburgh and the Kiskiminetas River on February , , work did begin promptly

S . on to Nathan Roberts, who had worked as an engineer the Erie Canal , began survey the route, but he soon found that the terrain on the east side of the Allegheny provided a more

precarious passage than the opposite side . When he proposed to shift the route to the west

of to side that river, the citizens of Pittsburgh loudly protested , for they wanted the canal

no t . terminate in their city and across the river As a result, a compromise had to be reached whereby the canal route occupied the west shore of the Allegheny to a point just north of

Pittsburgh . The canal was then brought by aqueduct across the Allegheny into Pittsburgh .

Finally, work began on this stretch of the line in September

9 1 827 i - On April , the state leg slature gave permission for a forty four mile extension of the

of Western division from the mouth the Kiskiminetas, up that waterway and its tributary the

to . 24 1 828 Conemaugh Blairsville By the Act of March , the final segment was authorized

23 from Blairsville along the Conemaugh to Johnstown .

1 03 The mile long Western division route, upon leaving Pittsburgh, crossed the Allegheny to

its western side . It followed that shore to a point opposite the mouth of the Kiskiminetas .

Here, the canal recrossed the Allegheny and followed the south side of the Kiskiminetas for

1 2 . McCullou h and e u a The e s va a a l 47 e Cana . g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin ,

2 2 . Mc Cullou h and eu a The e s va a a e Ca nal 48 a Th e u d o f th e e s v a a g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin , ; Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni

a a , 35 40 75 The a e o the e s va a S a e m ovem 1 4 , ; e s . C n l , M in Lin f P nn yl ni t t I pr nt ,

23 . The a e o the e s va a S a e m ov m McC ll h M in Lin e e s, 1 4; u ou a nd e u a The e s va a a e f P nn yl ni t t I pr nt g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin " ana , 51 a Th e u d o f th e e s v 44 1 ; a a a a 5 . C l Pr tt, B il ing P nn yl ni C n l , ,

1 1 A six miles up that river to Leechburg . dam on the river at that village permitted slackwater

i f r A nav gation o seven miles to pollo . Leaving the river at Apollo the route followed the north side of the waterway past Saltsburg and then crossed on an aqueduct to the south shore

where it passed through the Conemaugh tunnel . Exiting that passageway, boats once more used the slackwater of the river for a short way before entering the canal once more on the

f A o . to north side the Conemaugh fter a brief run on the north, the canal crossed the stream

the south side . Passing Livermore, the canal again entered the river for a short distance .

Again , it left the river to traverse the south shore as far as the Lockport aqueduct which once

more transported the canal to the north bank . Except for a brief section of slackwater

Hill . navigation at Laurel , the Western division remained along the north shore to Johnstown

- Of the total distance, slightly more than twenty seven miles were slackwater and

24 - approximately seventy six were served by the canal .

’ The Western division s topography could be said to be divided into tw o segments . In the thirty miles from Johnstown to Blairsville the average fall was eight feet per mile thus

- necessitating about one lock per mile . The remaining seventy three miles to Pittsburgh fell at

on a more gentle rate of three feet per mile and , therefore, required a lock an average of one f r o . . a little over two miles Consequently, the Western division had sixty locks Unlike the

- Juniata division, these locks were all constructed of cut stone laid in mortar . Each lock had

- cast iron paddle gates with eight to the lock . The other features, which were constructed in

a like manner with those of the Juniata division , comprised sixteen covered aqueducts, ten

- - - 1 52 river dams, sixty four culverts, thirty nine waste weirs, two tunnels, and road and farm bridges . The first tunnel built on the Western division was only the third tunnel to open in

S . the United tates Located on the Conemaugh below Blairsville, this foot tunnel served

825 as a cutoff to avoid following a circuitous course of that stream . A second tunnel of feet

’ A was bored through Grant s Hill in Pittsburgh . change in the route, however, left it

25 unused .

for - Like the Juniata division , contracts were let half mile segments with locks and other

on features placed under separate contract . Contractors were about as reliable as the other

24 Mc ull h - . C ou and e u a The e s va a a e Canal 52 53 . g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin ,

- 2 McC ll h h ea Am a a a s 21 1 . 5. u ou and e u a The e s va ia a n e a a 52 58 60 u e T e e g L b , P nn yl n M i Lin C n l, , ; H b rt, Gr t ric n C n l ,

1 2 was at the point the Eastern division of the canal joined with the railroad from Philadelphia

of f r at the borough Columbia . Vessels then had to be unloaded at Hollidaysburg o the trip

via the portage railroad over Allegheny Mountain to Johnstown . Here the cargo was reloaded

4 . 1 83 for the haul to Pittsburgh By the fall of , the smallest boats were placed on trucks and

S hauled over the portage railroad . oon boats were constructed in two sections separated by bulkheads so that they could be hauled in segments on the portage railroad and rejoined in

28

. dev elO ed . the canal Ultimately, three and four section boats were p

Boat crews varied with the vessel . Captains using the canal solely during daylight needed

only a crew of a steersman and a driver . Boats running day and night, however, required a

tw o tw o crew, in addition to the captain , consisting Of steersmen, drivers, and possibly a

cook . Passenger boat crews were normally larger and could include a scullion or porter

steward as well as one or two other hands . Monthly wages for these laborers netted the

60 25 20 5 captain about $ , a steersman received $ , a cook $ , and a driver earned between $ to

1 " 0. w h o not . $ Drivers, tended to be young boys, were paid until the end of the season

During the busy season boats plied the canal in one direction or the other at fifteen to twenty

- minute intervals . In a representative season, which averaged thirty six weeks, boats

arrived at Hollidaysburg from the east . Two to three of the daily arrivals were passenger vessels while the remainder were either freight or a combination of passenger and freight . The

of larger vessels which operated around the clock required six mules to draw them . Three

these animals were used at a time in sixteen mile stretches . They were driven along the

S towpath by a young boy who usually walked in rain or sunshine behind them . maller boats

To which halted at night, Operated with as few as one mule . protect the banks from erosion ,

S i the canal commissioners set a speed limit Of four miles per hour . peeders could be f ned as

1 0. . much as $ With written permission, a boat could exceed the speed limit Frequently, the

first class passenger boats traveled faster than the limit with or without permission . Passenger

- i - to of vessels had the right o way . Other boats were required steer to the far side the canal S and allow their rope to go slack when overtaken by a passenger vessel . uch boats could

M ll - - - 1 4 T o th 28 . cCu ou h and e u a The e s va a a e a a 57 58 94 95 98 1 00 1 06 6 he a e e g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, , , , , ; M in Lin f e s a a S a m o m v e ve e s 50. P nn yl ni t t I pr nt ,

29 M . cCullou h nd u a e a The en s va a a e Canal 1 06 . g L b , P n yl ni M in Lin ,

1 4 average eighty to 1 00 miles per day while the slower freights made only twenty- five to forty

30 five miles .

Delays in travel were frequent . Holdups could occur at locks and slow the usual time of three

to . minutes that it took pass a lock In addition to boats waiting a turn at locks, a seasonal lack

Of water caused problems . Frequently, traffic slowed significantly in the months of August,

S . eptember, and October from lack of water On the other hand too much water could disrupt l canal Operations as well . Freshets or f oods could pour unneeded water into the canal and

with this water came sediment which could silt the bottom . In addition such water sometimes

tow . swept away aqueducts and sections Of the path Dams, which provided slackwater

f o . sections, Often gave way in the face flood water The stream water then could not support

traffic . Sometimes an Old boat would sink and obstruct the channel . Other times rodents

not would burrow into the canal embankment causing a leak which, if detected , could result

in a washout . Leaks were taken with such seriousness that, during the boating season ,

to . individuals were hired to walk the canal look for leaks If such holes were detected , the watchman would plug them wi“th stones and straw and then ram earth and clay into them as a further protective measures

Many canal repairs were accomplished during the winter . If an early freeze did not occur, the

-u canal would be drained for repair work . In addition the sediment build p would be removed

z by workers who labored in very unpleasant conditions . If the canal fro e before it could be

s drained , the ice accumulation could damage the prism o that spring repairs would be needed

of before the canal could be placed into use . Ice also frequently caused the disintegration dams which supported the slackwater sections and thus navigation was delayed until these

32 structures were replaced .

30 . u ou h and eu a The e s va a a e Canal 88- 89 95- 96 The a e o the e s va ia S a e Mcc ll g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin , , ; M in Lin f P nn yl n t t m m ove e s 50 . I pr nt ,

M - 31 . cCullou h and eu a The e s va a a e a a 1 1 5 1 39 1 40 e e and e e h ase g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, , ; H b rling H b rling, P II " A h aeo o a v es a o : ou U o ass 22 24 rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp , , .

32 . u o u h and eu a The e s va ia a e a a 1 1 5 1 40 Mcc ll g L b , P nn yl n M in Lin C n l, , .

1 5 S ALE O F THE MA IN LINE

At of the time construction , many people thought that the canal would produce large sums

ff for the state treasury . When the canal failed to generate enough revenue to pay o the

to . construction debt, taxes were required meet debt payments Citizens of the state thereby

As concluded that the canal operation was mismanaged . a result, it was easy for the governor and legislature to persuade the public that it was in the interest of the state to sell the canal

1 842 . In when financial difficulties beset the state in keeping with this feeling, the legislature

gave authority to the governor to advertise for bids . The state found only two offers when

4 on 27 1 8 2 . the bids were opened July , Both bids, which covered only parts of the canal , were

33 dismissed for failing to make a reasonable offer .

A to Act 29 1 844. nother effort was made divest the state of the canal by the of April , This legislation offered to transfer the canal and railroads to any person or corporation for

of provided that it would be maintained and operated forever . When a number

to . people objected the sale, the state placed the issue before the voters The referendum

No to O f . revealed that the public desired get rid the canal concern , however, came forward

with an offer to purchase it .

The Main Line sale issue died for ten years . When the Pennsylvania Railroad completed its

1 854 . line across Pennsylvania in , the state decided it was again time to sell its public works

o f 27 1 854 to The Act April , reduced the sale price but the purchaser was still

A required to maintain and Operate the canal forever . lthough it was the intent of the

i to leg slature entice the Pennsylvania Railroad into buying the line , neither that transportation

1 855 . concern nor any other group made an offer . Once more the state proposed a sale in May

At that time the Pennsylvania railroad made a counter Offer to buy the line for

’ T with the intent to abandon the portage railroad and the canal s Western division . o consign

S a portion of the Main Line to disuse gave the legi slature pause for thought . tate leaders

decided not to accept the offer . They changed their collective minds, however, and by the Act

- 33 . u ou h and eu a The e ns lva a a e a a 33 1 52 1 53 . Mcc ll g L b , P n y ni M in Lin C n l, ,

4 - 3 . b d . 1 1 4 53 5 . I i ,

1 6 ’

1 6 1 857 . of May , the Pennsylvania Railroad s terms were accepted As a result, that railroad

25 1 bought the Main Line on June and took possession on August ,

Despite the fact that the Main Line did not generate sufficient tolls to make it a paying

on . proposition, it did have a tremendous economic impact the state It opened the western

of part of the state to settlement and promoted the rapid growth towns along the route, furnished merchants with a cheap distribution system both within the state and to the regi on

o f o f . west Pennsylvania , and provided thousands persons with employment When

considered in those terms, the Main Line was a huge success .

A BAND ONM ENT

1 857 1 899 Between the time the Pennsylvania Railroad purchased the Main Line in and , that

transportation company slowly abandoned portions of the old public works system . The

portage railroad was immediately discontinued . This break in the line left the Western

division separated from the rest . Consequently, the portion of the Western division between Johnstown and Blairsville was deserted in 1 863 followed by the remainder of that division

1 4 A 86 . s in for the Juniata division , thirteen miles between Hollidaysburg and Williamsburg

were discontinued in 1 872 . Three years later an additional eighteen miles from Williamsburg

A n to Petersburg were forsaken . nother segment closed in 1 876 so that the canal o longer

1 888 carried traffic above Huntingdon . In the section between Huntingdon and Newton

m A f 1 . Ha ilton fell into disuse . great lood in 889 ended all operations above Newport Ten

37 years later the Pennsylvania abandoned the remainder of the Juniata division .

of S Little remains the old Main Line today . ucceeding floods have taken their toll to speed

. of destruction In a number areas, the Pennsylvania Railroad filled the prism and constructed

- - on . l tracks it It has even been used for highway rights oi way in areas . On the o d Juniata

- 35 . McCullo u h and e u a The e s va a a e Canal 1 58 1 6 1 u e The ea Ame a a a s 2 1 5 g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin , ; H lb rt, Gr t ric n C n l , ; " e e and e e h ase A h aeo o 22 a v es a o : ou U o ass . H b rling H b rling, P II rc l gic l In tig ti n M nt ni n Byp ,

36 . The a e o the e s va a S a m m e ove e s 1 1 . M in Lin f P nn yl ni t t I pr nt ,

M 37. cCullou h and eu a The e s va a ai e a a 1 64 1 66 e e and e e h ase g L b , P nn yl ni M n Lin C n l, , ; H b rling H b rling, P II " A h ae o o a v e s a o : Mou U o ass 22 rc l gic l In tig ti n nt ni n Byp , .

1 7 r division the best prese ved remains can be found at The Locusts, a campground west of

Lewistown where a short segment of the prism has been restored and fi lled with water . Three

of locks and a short distance of the prism have been preserved at Lockport . A number well

preserved features are found just east of Newton Hamilton . These items include feet

tw o of the prism , a guard lock associated with the Aughwick feeder dam , lift locks, a canal

of basin , remains the Beaver Dam Creek aqueduct, remains of a public bridge, and the ruins

’ ’

f l r An l cktender s . o a ocktende s house . intact o house is located just west of Newton Hamilton

As Some intact canal sections can also be found between Kistler and Newton Hamilton . for

the Western division , longer abandonment has taken a greater toll, but ruins of locks and

aqueduct pier abutments can be periodically found . The best preserved remains can be found

in the Blairsville area . In addition the foot long Conemaugh Tunnel still exists although

38 one entrance has been filled .

- 38 . u o u h a nd e u a The e s va a a e a a 1 72 1 77 e e and e e h ase Mcc ll g L b , P nn yl ni M in Lin C n l, ; H b rling H b rling, P II " A h aeo o a v e a - 2 s o : Mou U o ass 22 24 5. rc l gic l In tig ti n nt ni n Byp , ,

1 8 I X A F A R CHAPTER I. E T NT E TU ES O F THE WESTERN AND J UNIATA DIVISIONS

WES TERN DIVI S ION

’ The Pennsylvania Mainline Canal Western Division , in the counties covered by the America s

Industrial Heritage Project area , runs for miles between canal mile at Freeport,

to . where it crossed the Allegheny River above Pittsburgh, mile in Johnstown Owing

of to the fact that this division was the first the canal segments to be abandoned , time has

taken a greater toll on its features . The best preserved remnant can be found in the section

above Blairsville . Consequently, any potential preservation / restoration effort should focus

here . An excellent canal channel containing water with a nicely preserved towpath is located in this area between miles to One of the best preserved locks lock 5 with its cut stone walls is intact in this segment at mile All photographs were taken in

January February 1 991 .

of Mile The earthen portion the Freeport Aqueduct abutment remains, but the stone abutment part 1 5 mi ssmg although several cut stones from it can be found lying about 200 feet f south o the area .

Mile to In this area a remnant of the canal channel remains, but it basically

appears as a slight depression along side of the railroad track which runs atop of the towpath . Water can be found in the channel at mile and for a distance of about 500 feet

At can beginning at mile mile an arched canal culvert, now partly collapsed , be seen inside a later railroad culvert (Photograph

Mile to In this segment the canal made use of the Kiskiminetas River for slackwater navigation . Between miles and railroad track occupies the former

. f towpath Little trace of the towpath remains in the rest o this segment .

Mile to In this portion the Western Division left the river and returned to a canal

. At A 1 2 channel miles and in North pollo, the areas occupied by locks and are

1 9 1 evident, but nothing remains of the locks except some cut stone at lock and earthen abutments at lock 2 (Photographs 2 and Water half fills the canal channel for several hundred feet at mile (Photograph Water can also be found in the channel for over a mile between miles 44 and

Mile to In this length of the division the Kiskiminetas River provided slackwater

’ l ktend er navigation with the towpath following the river bank . The foundation for a oc s

of 2 of house, earthen parts the abutments for guard lock , and a few cut stone the north abutment of dam 2 are visible at mile (Photograph Some cut stone remains from a towpath culvert at mile A fairly intact stone towpath revetment wall is located at mile Cut stone and earth from the east and west towpath bridge abutments at Flat Run survive at mile (Photographs 6 and 7) with a nearby cut stone towpath revetment wall at mile The towpath remains visible between mile (Photograph 8) and mile

’ A few stones remain from the lock 4 locktend er s house at mile and the guard lock at mile A poorly defined earthen portion of the north towpath bridge abutment is located at mile (Photograph Between mile and railroad tracks obscured the

towpath .

to ow n . Mile For these miles, the canal occupied its channel In some places a

railroad grade covered the towpath . Water can be found in the canal channel between miles

to to At and mile adjacent to a railroad culvert, some stones

’ 5 locktend er s remain from lock while nearby, at mile the foundation of a house are

’

. 1 0 . visible Photograph , taken at mile shows the site of an aqueduct over Blackleg s Creek In Saltsburg the borough has established a canal park at mile along which the route can be traced by a green space (Photograph At that same location the foundation for the lock

’ 8 locktend er s house is situated (Photograph Nearby, a slight depression at mile shows the course of the canal channel (Photograph

to - Mile In this approximately ten and three fourth mile area , beginning about

- of S three fourth a mile up stream from altsburg, the canal and towpath can be readily traced

- 6 75 68 0 . and , in several locations at miles and , it still contains water In a section between miles to the canal made use of slack water navigation in the Conemaugh

. S Tw o River ome remnants of other canal features can be found as well . arched culverts

20 mile Poorly defined stone mark the site of a revetment wall, called the great Wall, at mile (Photograph Lock 5 at mile is one o f the best preserved locks of the Western Division with its cut stone walls intact (Photograph It is the only one capable

f of being restored to working order . A view o the canal channel at mile shows some water present (Photograph Scattered stone mark the site of guard lock 2 at mile

’ (Photograph In addition the foundation stones of a locktender s house are visible at mile Some cut stones indicate the location of a revetment wall above guard lock and dam 2 at mile (Photograph Only a few dispersed stone indicate the site of lock 6 at mile

while little remains of the abutment of the towpath crossover bridge at mile (Photograph Hardly any distinguishing features mark the site of lock 7 and the waste

’ gate at mile The foundation stone of a locktend er s house are present at that mile . Little can be found at the location of lock 8 at mile except for a small stone wall from the adjacent waste gate at mile (Photograph Nothing remains at mile to indicate

A f r Tubmill the site of lock 9. remnant of the east abutment wall o the Creek aqueduct at mile has subsequently been incorporated into a railroad bridge (Photograph The same fate befell the Lockport aqueduct at mile as the abutments and wing wall were used for a later railroad bridge (Photograph A partly collapsed culvert can be found at the site where the canal crossed Reed ’ s Run at mile (Photograph Nearby at mile water

occupies the canal channel remains (Photograph Finally, at mile a garbage dump

partly fills the canal .

Mile to In this section the canal is either very poorly defined or has ceased to

F exist . or the most part the later construction of the Pennsylvania Railroad line was

responsible for the destruction in this section .

Mile to Nothing remains of the canal between these miles except for a short section of the towpath visible below the railroad grade between mile and and in the area of mile Several stones can be seen at the site of the upper end of the guard bank at dam 4 (Photograph Development in and around Johnstown has obliterated the canal

features .

22 m e Th e c e d ca Ph o tograph Th e lower end o f th e culv ert at il ar h nal culve rt is visible inside a la rger railroad culve rt

h e Photograph Site o f outle t l o ck 1 at mile O nly th e de pression o n t le ft remains of this lock

23 Th e cula de e ss o n in th e Ph o to graph Site o f lift lock 2 at mile cir r pr i cente r co ntains th e site of thi s lo ck

Ph o tograph Canal with water at mile

24 Ph oto graph Site of guard lock 2 at mile This view l ooks through the remains at th e guard l ock

Ph otogr aph Remna nt of th e Flat Ru n towpath brid ge we st abutment at mile

25 d e eas a u me Photograph Remnant of the Flat Run towpath bri g t b t nt at mile

m e Ph oto graph Remains o f th e towpath at il

26 me n at m e Photo graph Remains O f a Long Run towpath brid ge abut t il

’ Ph otograph Vie w do wn Blackle g s Cre e k at th e site of th e aque duct at mile

27 m e Ph oto graph Site o f th e canal in Canal Park in Saltsburg at il

’ in Cana a Ph oto gr aph F oundatio n o f th e lock 8 lockte nde r s h ouse l P rk in Saltsbu rg at mile

28

n u v e at m e Photo graph Remains of an arched ca al c l rt il

h e s e o f o 9 at m e Photo graph Vie w throu gh th e area at t it l ck il

30 Photograph Canal with wate r at mile

Ph otograph Remnant of th e was te ga te at mile

31 ’ Ph o tograph Site of th e Eld e r s Run aque duct at mile

Ph otograph Site of lock 1 1 at mile

32 h e cana and o a o n e at m e Ph oto graph Re mains o f t l t wp th ( l ft) il

Photo gr aph Canal with wate r at mil e

33

culvert at mile

of th e west abutme nt McG ee towpath at mile 0 f oc 1 6 at m e 71 . Ph oto graph Site o l k il

d ua d o 5 at m e B asin and c ana ab ov e d am an g r ck i Ph o to graph l l l

34

Photograph Canal with water at mile

Ph otograph Remains of an arche d ca nal culve rt at mile

36 Ph o to graph Remains of th e towp ath at mile

Ph oto graph Site o f lock 4 at mile

37 Ph otograph Well pre se rve d arched canal culve rt at mile

Ph oto graph Remains of a canal brid ge abutme nt at mile

38 Ph oto graph Remains of a towpath cr oss ove r bridge abutme nt at mile

Ph o to graph R emains o f gu ard lo ck 1 a t mile

39 u men of dam 1 at m e Ph oto graph Re m nant of th e southwe s t ab t t il

l t mi e Ph o t o graph Re mains of a rev e tme nt wal a l

40 h o ne Ph otograph Vie w through lock 5 sh owing t e intact st walls at mile

Ph otograph View of th e canal pri sm wi th so me wa te r at mile

41 2 at mi e Ph oto graph Remains of guard lock l

ua d oc Ph oto graph Remains of th e revetme nt w all ab ov e g r l k and dam at mile

42

' Partly collap sed e nd of the Reed s Run canal culv ert at mile

hmgraph Canal prism with wate r mile bmill C ee a ue du e as a u me n m e Ph o to graph Re mains of th e Tu r k q ct t b t t at il d d e which h as been inco rpo rate d into a late r railro a bri g

h Lo o a ue d u t n a ls and a u me n Ph o t o gra ph Re mains of t e ckp rt q c wi g w l b t ts d n o a a e a oad at mil e which h av e b ee n i nco rporate i t l t r r ilr bridge

44 ’ t Photo graph Partly collap se d end o f th e Ree d s Run canal culv e rt a mile

Pho to graph Canal prism with wate r at mile

45 f th e ua d an at dam Ph oto graph Rem ains o f th e uppe r e nd o g r b k mil e

46

Weste rn Divi s i o n Se cti o n 3

JUNIATA D IVI S ION

The Pennsylvania Mainline Canal Juniata Division , in the three counties covered by the

’ America s Industrial Heritage Project area, runs for approximately miles between canal mile 1 at Hollidaysburg to mile immediately above Huntingdon where the mile numbers f begi n to repeat to mile 22 below Newton Hamilton . Segments o the canal prism which

occasionally contain water, intermittent portions of the towpath as well as the ruins of locks,

culverts, aqueduct piers and abutments, towpath bridge piers and abutments , and dam

abutments can be periodically found along this area of the canal . Relatively intact features are

scattered along the route, but at such distances that difficulty would be incurred to combine f . o them for interpretive purposes Basically, little remains the canal in Huntingdon County,

Mifflin while some features can be seen in Blair County . The best segment is found in County

of of in the Newton Hamilton area . One the best preserved segments canal prism and

A of towpath is found between mile to small, well preserved section the towpath is

located between mile and Two, flat lintel stone towpath culverts, which are in good

of condition , can be found at miles and The greatest concentration canal features

with some intactness are found just down stream from Newton Hamilton . These items

u 25 include feet of the canal prism , g ard lock associated with the Aughwick feeder

24 26 of dam , lift locks and , a canal basin , remains the Beaver Creek dam aqueduct, remains

’ ’ f l k n r o oc tend er s . lockte d e s of a public bridge, and the ruins a house An intact house along f o . with a visible portion canal is located just west of Newton Hamilton Consequently, any

All preservation / restoration effort should be focused in this area . photographs were taken in

' 1 1 January / February 99 .

A Hollidaysburg to Mile Nothing remains of the canal or its basin at Hollidaysburg . remnant of the Eastern Dam on the Juniata River can be seen about miles south of

A Hollidaysburg (Photograph reservoir behind this dam supplied water for the canal, but

1 882 this body of water was drained in February when the dam was breached . The feeder

channel between the reservoir and the canal was subsequently covered by a railroad grade . A remnant of the canal prism is fi rst found between mile and That area of channel contains some water . The prism with water can be next observed between mile and

Again a visible channel appears between miles and Water appears in that length of line at mile (Photograph 49) and at mile One of the best preserved prism and towpath

53 areas is found between mile to (Photograph Between mile and the Juniata

of River served as slackwater navigation . Only scattered remnants the towpath remain in this

of i area . The final section visible channel in the f rst ten miles is located between mile and

N o remains of locks or other canal features are to be found in this length of the canal .

Mile to Slackwater navigation began just before mile and continued to mile

The Three Mile Dam across the Juniata River at mile regulated the water for the

of slackwater navigation . Remains this dam include the northeast stone abutment (Photograph

51 ) and a remnant of the southwest abutment . One of the stone abutments for the towpath bridge at mile can be seen at the site of outlet lock 33 (Photograph Slackwater navigation began again at mile to mile The west abutment of the towpath bridge leading to canal navigation remains at mile along with a trace of the towpath bridge

- stone pier in the river . For approximately one half mile beginning at mile the canal

towpath exists (Photograph Little vestige of the canal can be found in Williamsburg .

30. Downstream at mile some stonework remains at the upper end of lift lock A small,

but well preserved , section of the towpath is located between mile and The stone abutments and piers of the towpath bridge at mile where slack water navigation

occurred , are present, but they have been incorporated into a later railroad bridge

(Photograph At mile the stone northwest abutment of guard lock 27 marks the end

S of the short segment of slack water navigation . ome stonework at mile indicates the area

where a feeder stream met the canal at a juncture of slackwater navigation . Canal boats used

’ this slackwater for less than a mile to mile At that point Sch mucker s Darn regulated the

’ for Sch mucker s water level this slack water segment . The stone abutments for Dam and the stone side walls of guard lock 25 are still present (Photographs 55 and Again the canal returned to slack water navigation between miles and At mile the remains

of the stone walls of guard lock 24 have been covered with garbage and fill . Nothing remains

’ of Porter s Dam at mile but the stone walls of guard lock 23 are present (Photograph

Mile to In this segment a railroad grade has destroyed the canal in a number of

locations . Where it remains visible, the canal tends to be a shallow depression . Two well preserved flat lintel stone culverts at miles and are the best features in this canal

A segment . t mile the remnant o f an abutment wall and a wing wall exist from the Small

Aqueduct (Photograph Nearby, at mile the abutment walls and a pier remain from

54 the Large Aqueduct (Photograph but this stonework has been incorporated into a railroad

21 bridge . A few stones form the vestige of lift lock at mile (Photograph The

’ foundation stones from a locktend er s house are located at mile Several stones mark the site of lift lock 20 at mile (Photograph Only a shallow depression at mile reveals the site of outlet lock 1 6 (Photograph The remains of a stone revetment wall are found at mile Well preserved towpath culverts with a flat lintel stone covers are located at miles and (Photographs 63 and A remnant of another canal culvert remains at mile Crumbling stones mark the site of the Little Water Street Dam (Photograph A stone wall exists at the Water Street inlet at mile (Photograph At mile from the Borough of Alexandria to Porter Township a slight depression once contained the canal

9 prism (Photograph Lift lock , at mile retains a partially intact stone wall at one end, while at the other end the wall has collapsed (Photograph

to of . Mile In this segment upstream from Huntingdon , little remains the canal Some areas have been filled and leveled as that from mile to while one section down

31 34 from mile has a road constructed over it, and the region between miles and has

been flooded . Beginning at mile to mile the canal channel appears as a slight

depression . At mile scattered stones mark the location of an aqueduct abutments and

a pier base . Between mile and the canal channel has been filled and the towpath

levelled . From mile to the canal channel is visible, but a road has been constructed atop the towpath . In this segment some scattered stones remain from lift lock 7 while lift lock 8 has been buried . A depressed section with a few stones indicates the site of lift lock 6 . Slackwater navigation occurred between mile and The towpath used to pull boats

At . o f along this area has disappeared the end the slackwater segment, at mile nothing

. 5 remains of the Petersburg dam Guard lock at mile has mostly been filled with earth, but the stones from the lock sides are still in place (Photograph Water remains in the canal channel between mile and (Photograph Beginning at mile to the

4 ’ canal and its features a towpath bridge, outlet lock , Piper s dam , and guard lock 3 have been flooded . Only with difficulty can the canal channel be identified between mile and In that area a slight depression remains at the site of lift lock 2 (Photograph 71 ) and some stones mark the location of lift lock 1 (Photograph In the slackwater navigation segment which covers the section from mile to railroad track has destroyed the

55 f towpath through much o the distance . The towpath is only visible between mile and

Mile 0 above Huntingdon to mile 22 below Newton Hamilton in this final canal segment

little remains of the canal except for the Newton Hamilton area . The Pennsylvania Railroad

track has obliterated much of the canal remains through Huntingdon . Just south of the canal between mile and the abutment remains of the Raytown feeder dam are visible along

’ with the stone remnants of the guard lock at that dam (Photograph A locktend er s house

is located just west of Newton Hamilton . A number of well preserved features are found just east of Newton Hamilton beginning at mile These remains include of the canal

u 25 A 26 24 prism , g ard lock associated with the ughwick feeder dam , lift locks and , a canal

of basin, remains of the Beaver Creek darn aqueduct, remains a public bridge , and the ruins

’ of l ckt n r a o e de s house .

Ph o to graph Re mains of th e top o f th e East Re se rvoir d am use d as a fe ed er for canal wate r at Hollid aysburg

56

e o men o f ee M e D am at m e Ph o to graph North east abut t Thr il il b l w Ho llid aysburg

th e 33 th e o a d e a u men o n Ph oto gr aph Site of outle t lo ck with t wp th bri g b t t da s u right at mile b elow H olli y b rg

58 nd a ov e th e Ph o to graph A v iew o f th e to wp ath acro s s th e Juni ata Ri v e r a b pipeline at mile b elo w Holli d aysbu rg

m e Ph o to gr aph Re mains o f th e towp ath bri dge we st abutme nt at il b elow H ollidaysburg which h as b ee n inc orp o rate d into a railroad brid ge

59 ’ Sch mucke r s f th e ou a l o f ua d oc 25 at Ph otograph Remnant o s th w l g r l k da s u D am at mile below H olli y b rg

’ u me n at m e m ns o f th e Sch mucke r s D am no a Ph o to gra ph Re ai rth b t t il b elow H ollidaysbu rg

60 ’ D am at mi e e o Ph o to graph Re mains of gu ard l ock 23 at Po rter s l b l w H ollidaysb urg

A u e du at Ph o to graph R emnant o f a wing w all and abu tme nt at Small q ct mile b elow H ollid aysburg

6 1 Ph oto graph A pie r o f La rge Aqueduct at mil e below H ollidaysburg which h as been incorporate d into a railroad bridge

Ph oto graph Site of lift lo ck 2 1 at mil e b elow Hollidaysburg

62 f o 20 at m e e o o da s u g Ph otograph Th e re mnant o lift l ck il b l w H lli y b r

at m e Ph o tograph A sh all o w de pression ma rks the site o f outle t lock il below H ollidaysbu rg

63 m Ph o tograph A well preserved flat lintel stone towpath culvert at ile below H ollidaysburg

m Ph oto graph A well pre served flat lintel stone to wpath culve rt at ile below H ollidaysburg

64

f a oad e ee Photo graph Remains of th e canal ch annel alo ng side o r b tw n m e e o Alexandria Borough and Po rter Township at il b l w H ollidaysburg

9 at m e Ph oto graph Partial remains of a stone sid e wall at lift lock il b elow H ollidaysburg

66 f oc 5 m e e o Photograph Vie w down the remains o guard l k at il b l w H ollidaysburg

Photo graph Canal channel with wate r at mile bel ow H ollidaysb urg

67 da u Ph oto graph Site o f lift lock 2 at mile bel ow Holli ysb rg

m e e o o d s Ph otograph Remains of lift lock 1 at il b l w H lli ay burg

68 Photo graph Remains of the guard lock at the Raytown Feeder D am at mile below Huntingdon

69

J un i ata Di vi s i o n S e cti o n 1 Pe nns ylv a ni a Ma i n Li ne Ca na l Unite d State s De partme nt Of Th e Inte rior I Nationa l Park S erv ice ' DS C Augus t 92 I 957 2 004 1

X A AR I A R R R AI I G CHAPTER III . E T NT CH V L ECO DS PE T N N TO THE J UNIATA AND WESTERN DIVISIONS O F THE PENNSYLVANIA MAIN LINE CANAL

PART A B IB LIOG RAPH ICAL ES SAY

of 1 . The best single listing archival materials regarding the Pennsylvania Canal is a

235 Hubertis . Typescript volume of pages prepared by M Cummings, a Research Associate

S o f 1 959. for the Bureau of Land Records, tate Pennsylvania , in The full bibliographical entry regarding Cummings ’ work is as follows

’ Huber is A t . Cummings, M Pennsylvania Board of Canal Commissioners Records with llied

Records of Canal Companies Chartered by the Commonwealth, Descriptive Index .

Bureau of Land Records, Anthony G . Reese Director . Pennsylvania Department of

1 959. t Internal Affairs, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania , (Typescrip )

1 959 In an Introduction, Cummings stated that the documents listed were, in , held in custody

1 1 S . 99 by various branches of the Pennsylvania tate government Recent consultation, in , with

the Pennsylvania Historical Museum Commission , Division of Archives Manuscripts,

’ Harrisburg, revealed that most of the documents listed in Cummings compilation are now

A ’ held by the aforementioned rchives Manuscripts Division . Nonetheless, Cummings work

still serves as a useful guide for these records, even if some of them may by preserved in

different repositories in Harrisburg . The records of the Juniata Division are listed between 67 80 ’ pages and of Cummings work . The records of the Western Division are listed between

99 1 1 1 of See pages and the same book . part B of this chapter for a copy of these entries from

’ Cummings compilation .

2 . A second major listing of archival materials regarding the Juniata Division and the

Western Division of the Pennsylvania Canal is found in a huge bibliographical compilation

. for 1 07 1 done by Adelaide R Hasse the Carnegie Institution between 9 and 922 . The full bibliographical entry reads as follows :

77 R. . Index o Economic Material in ocuments o the States o the United Hasse, Adelaide , compiler f D f f t 1 Sta s . i e . 85 1 3 . 6 DC Carneg e Institution , Publication No , Vols in , Washington , 1 07- 1 22 9 9 .

The material in question is in the volume labelled Part I, covering the letters A to E . It is

A A A D A Y A A ’ S N S S . listed under C N L LACK W TER NAVIGATION, PENN LV NI Hasse s

focus was on the states of California , Delaware, Illinois, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts,

Y . New Hampshire, New Jersey, New ork, Ohio, Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , and Vermont

Many of the Pennsylvania documents listed are held in the Pennsylvania Division of Archives and Manuscripts in Harrisburg; some Hasse entries indicate other locations of individual

copies of certain documents, but these must be considered with caution , since the listings

1 were compiled between 907 and 1 922 . The entries on canals in Pennsylvania covered more

4 379 to 85. than a hundred pages, from page The listings for the Juniata Division extended

44 4 1 4 from page 7 to 51 ; the listings for the Western Division extended from page 45 to 55.

of These latter listings are reproduced in part C this chapter, using the format, usages,

abbreviations, and methods utilized by Hasse .

r 3 . The third significant bibliography fo source materials relating to the Juniata and Western

Divisions of the Pennsylvania Canal is a typescript listing of maps done for the Division of

A S 1 968 . rchives and Manuscripts in Harrisburg by Martha L . imonetti in

The full bibliographical entry for this compilation is as follows

S ’ L . imonetti, Martha , compiler . Inventory of Canal Commissioners Maps in the Pennsylvania

- S 1 7 " 1 81 0 1 881 . tate Archives; Record Group , Records of the Land Of ce, Map Books, A of Division of rchives and Manuscripts, Bureau Archives and History, Pennsylvania i 1 968 . t Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg, (Typescr p )

The entries on the Juniata and Western Division of the Pennsylvania Canal are scattered

1 9 . throughout the page bibliography In the interests of brevity and clarity, only the entries relating to the Juniata and Western Divisions will be reproduced in part D of this chapter,

of stating the Map Book Number, the span years covered in that map book, and the Box

i Number where it is f led in the Pennsylvania Archives . Otherwise, the entries in part D follow

S 1 968 . the usages of punctuation, spelling, style, and format provided by Ms . imonetti in

78 I PART B LIS TIN G O F ARCH IVAL MA TERIALS D ERIVED FROM HUB ERT S M . CUMMIN G S ’ P ENNSYLVANIA B OARD O F CANAL CO MMISSIO NERS ’ RE CO RDS WI TH ALLIED REC RDS O F CANAL CO MPANIE CHAR TERE D B Y THE COMMO NWEALTH O S , DESCRIP TIVE INDEX R R R S R A , CONCENT ATING ON ECO D CONCE NING THE JUNIAT D IVIS ION AND TH E WES TERN DIVIS ION

The listings here will replicate the alphabetical numerical designators used by Cummings as

of . on well as his format methods and modes abbreviation The entries the Juniata Division,

’ 67 80 : reproduced below, are from pages through of Cummings compilation

W2 - 1 4 e . S : . JUNIATA DIVI ION Contracts Bridges, etc

of Here, where indexing is according to the names contractors, beyond " " Ki sh ico uillas Contracts for Bridges (foot, farm , towpath , public, across the q

Feeder, across the Juniata River at North Island, which are commonly on printed forms and signed by either Acting Commissioner James Clarke or S uperintendent James Taggart, are miscellaneous contracts for repairs, for

casting parts, for lock gates, etc .

W2 - e 1 . 5. JUNIATA DIVISION Contracts : Fences

’ Here, where indexing is according to contractors names and the subject matter to is limited strictly fences, contracts are regularly on printed forms and entered into between contractors and Acting Commissioner James Clarke n S (sometimes desig ated as superintendent) , or uperintendent James Taggart, S f r . o or uperintendent James K Moorhead , with arrangements inspection by

r. Engineers Dewitt Clinton , I , Edward F . Gay, or another engineer .

- WZ . 1 e 6 . S 1 JUNIATA DIVI ION Contracts : Sections Vol .

’ to Here, where indexing is according contractors names and the subject matter

is limited strictly to sections, contracts are regularly on printed forms and are

entered into by contractors chiefly with James Clarke , designated here as

superintendent . The contracts are drawn to meet plans exhibited by Engi neer

Dewitt Clinton, Jr .

W2 - e 1 . 7 A A S : S V l 2 JUNI T DIVI ION Contracts ections o .

’ Here, where indexing is according to contractors names and the subject matter

is limited strictly to sections, contracts are regularly on printed forms and are

entered into by contractors with James Clarke, sometimes designated acting

commissioner, sometimes superintendent . They are drawn to meet plans

exhibited by Engineer Dewitt Clinton , Jr .

79 - 1 8 . S W2 e . JUNIATA DIVI ION Frankstown Line

: S . Contracts ections, bridges, etc

’ Here, where indexing is according to contractors names, the subject matter is

. on limited to sections and bridges Contracts, printed forms, are entered into

by contractors and Superintendent James Taggart . Construction is to be according to designations of the engineers : The canal banks to be so constructed that the water may at all places be at least forty feet wide at the

- top water line, twenty eight feet wide at bottom , and four feet deep .

W2 - 1 9. e . JUNIATA DIVISION Frankstown Line

: . Contracts Locks, waste weirs, culverts, etc

to Here, where the title should have been extended include guard locks, weigh ’ ’ w ei h mas ters to locks, g houses, and dams, indexing is according contractors

names . Contracts, the majority of them on printed forms, are entered into

chiefly with Superintendent Taggart .

W2 - 2 0. : . e . S JUNIATA DIVI ION Contracts Lock houses, aqueducts, etc

: Here, the title is not adequate beyond lock houses and aqueducts, contracts

for both locks and the repair of locks are included .

Indexing is according to the names of the contractors . Contracts, the majority

of them entered into by Acting Commissioner James Clarke, are in both for printed and holograph forms . Here are the early contracts all aqueducts on : Cococalamus the division Delaware Run, Big Buffalo Creek, Creek, the Juniata ’ ’ of at the head Jack s Narrows, Beaver Creek, Jack s Creek, Lost Creek, Mill ’ ’ S S B ri h tfield s Creek, tanding tone Creek, Wakefield s Creek, g Run, ’ Kishico uillas S q Creek, the Juniata River at haver s Ford , the Juniata River at ’ Duncan s Island .

Here also is the contract for building the Ki sh icoquillas Feeder .

W2 - 2 1 . A e . S : . JUNI TA DIVI ION Contracts Turnpike roads, etc

: not for Here, the title is highly inadequate the volume contains only contracts for turnpike and township roads, but also contracts waste weirs, sluices, and

culverts, as well as a number of them for the Eastern Reservoir, with printed

forms of specifications for dams connected with reservoirs attached .

3 Particularly interesting is item , which contains an Article of Agreement between Acting Commissioner James Clarke and David Cummings to S 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 complete the turnpike road that has been displaced by ections , , , , , 1 2 1 1 4 1 f " 3 8 o . , , , and the Juniata Canal

The earlier contracts are commonly entered into by Acting Commissioner

r. James Clarke, with mentions of Engineers Dewitt Clinton, J , Alexander

Twining, and James Ferguson .

- W2 . 2 7. A S V l e o . 2 JUNIAT DIVI ION Land Damage Claims, etc .

of Here are claims property holders and others, uncalendared , but running in

1 1 . f r 830 857 o . scattered years, They are indexed Dysert, J and then from Y r no o te . Landis, I through y, Mary

- W2 e 28 . A A S . 3 , JUNI T DIVI ION Land Damages and other claims Vol

Here the title of the volume is deceptive . The book reveals only a few claims connected with the division and only a minority of correspondence with that

canal division .

of no t [The remainder this entry is reproduced here, as it deals with materials

d o not . that pertain to the Juniata Division, and which are quite lengthy ]

- 2 W2 e . A A 9a . JUNI T DIVISION Field notes of the survey and level of the Juniata by the Pennsylvania Canal Commissioners (James Trczi uln Clarke, Jacob Holgate, and Charles y y) in the

fall of 1 824.

7 These notes indicate John Gerhart as chief leveler . They are paper bound, 1 " and by 0 and are contained in a manilla envelope .

F or : Trczi uln : the map of this survey, see Charles y y Plan and Profile of the A 1 . 9 llegheny Mountain , etc (Map Book , i)

W2 - e . 29b A S A . JUNI TA DIVI ION Explorations for a canal route across the llegheny Mountain

This volume contains reports of engi neers on surveys made in 1 825

353 1 826 William Wilson on the Northern Route, miles, January

on 365 20 1 826 . John Mitchell the West Branch Route, miles, January 4 This report includes his Field Book No . and is contained in a manilla

envelope .

on i 394 24 Judge Francis W . Rawle the Clearf eld Route, miles, January 1 826

267 r 1 824 John Davies on the Juniata Route, miles, as su veyed in by the

late Commissioners James Clarke, Jacob Holgate, and Charles

T rczi uln 1 825 28 1 825. y y and in by himself, November

of su ra 1 4. For profiles the several explored routes, p , see Map Book

82 - 4 W2 2 . A S . . e . 9c JUNI TA DIVI ION Land Damages, etc Vol

: Here, the title is misleading the volume is filled with correspondence, but a part of which is connected with the division per se; much of it concerns other

divisions .

‘ [Since most of the material in the remainder of this entry does not relate to the

not . Juniata Division , it is reproduced here There are two items, however, that " Wm do : . relate Represented are Darlington, canal commissioner; John Davies, exploratory engineer for a route along the Juniata in and " General ’ 1 825 D av ies s Abner Lacock, canal commissioner interested in in John

exploration for a route along the Juniata .

2 - 1 0. A . . W e . 3 S JUNI TA DIVI ION Releases, etc , Damage Compensation Vol

Y C . This volume, indexed from Aitken , J . W . through oder, , Heirs of, records releases and awards or study of proper damage compensation for injury to

properties as well as awards for services . Uncalendared , its records deal chiefly 1 2 1 for the years 8 8 833 .

Indexed are the names of a few divisional officials: Acting Commissioner

S . S James Clarke, uperintendent J . K Moorehead , late uperintendent Evered S Oles, and uperintendent James Taggart .

W2 - 1 . e . 3 A A . 2 S . JUNI T DIVI ION Releases, etc , Damage Compensation Vol

W . This volume, indexed from Aitken , J . through Wright, Jacob, records releases and awards or study of proper damage compensation for injury to

properties as well as awards for services . Uncalendared , its records relate to 1 2 8 8 1 841 . a scattering of years,

Indexed are the names of a few divisional officials : Supervisor William Reed; S S uperintendent James Taggart; upervisors James Wharton , John Whittaker,

and David Woods . The names of Acting Commissioner James Clarke and of S uperintendent James Taggart often appear in the items included . The name

of Thos . L . Wilson , secretary to the Canal Board , is also indexed .

W2 - e . 32 . S 1 826 1 840 JUNIATA DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , 1 Vol .

Letters and reports of canal commissioners, engineers, and contractors during

the years indicated .

1 7 1 8 of An interesting report occurs in items and , An Estimate the Juniata to on Canal from Lewistown Huntingdon , predicated the contract and assigned prices of the lettings of 1 2 October and 1 9 November

r. Officials and contractors indexed are Colonel Dewitt Clinton , J , locating i A eng neer; cting Commissioner James Clarke; David Cummings, supervisor;

83 i S James Ferguson, eng neer; imeon Guilford, locating engineer, collaborating

.; Edw . . i ; with Dewitt Clinton , Ir F Gay, eng neer Hopkins Patterson , W m . contractors; James Milliken , contractor; John Mitchell, canal commissioner;

B . Mitchell, supervisor; J . K . Moorhead , superintendent; Robert Orr, S S Huntingdon dam contractor; Robert tockton , supervisor; and uperintendent

James Taggart .

W - 2 e . 33 . S 1 826 1 840 JUNIATA DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , 2 Vol .

Letters and reports, chiefly of engineers, superintendents, and supervisors .

A A mong names indexed are those of Joseph dams, weighmaster at

Hollidaysburg; J . P . Bailey, engineer; John Bingham , forwarder; David

A . Cummings, supervisor; Ennis, collector at Hollidaysburg; James Langton,

; ; . . ; supervisor John Mitchell, canal commissioner J K Moorhead , superintendent

Mc ra h Wm . G t . Francis , supervisor; James Milliken, contractor; E Morris, engi neer on the Juniata Division and the Eastern Reservoir; Supervisor Thomas ’ B r an S Wm O S . y ; upervisor George Patton; upervisor Price; John Piper, weighmaster at Hollidaysburg; Supervisor Joseph Ritter; Supervisor Robert S S A tockton; ylvester Welch, engineer on the llegheny Portage Railroad and the Wi lin S . S . es t Western Division; upervisor James Wharton; J g, weighmaster at

Hollidaysburg; Thomas L . Wilson , secretary to the Canal Board; and S upervisor David Woods .

W - 2 e . 34. S 1 841 1 858 JUNIATA DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , V l 1 o .

r . Letters and reports, chiefly of engineers, superintendents, and supe visors

A mong names indexed are those of John Bingham , forwarder; James Clarke, o f r president the Canal Board; David Cummings, supe visor; Casper Dull , of supervisor the Upper Division; John Dougherty, forwarder and designer of

; . A . ; . S . e ; S section boats J Gamble, canal commissioners J I key upervisor James

M rmi r. W . . cCo ck Langton; C , collector at Hollidaysburg; David Mitchell, J , M S to . cCo secretary the Canal Board; W . R y, collector at Lewistown; upervisor ’ ’

B r n nn r . S . . O a S O Co o T y ; upervisor Evered Oles; James , forwarder; J Patton , Sh u ert S collector at Huntingdon; Supervisor Joseph Ritter; J . B . g ; upervisor

. . ; . . . David Woods; Thos L Wilson , secretary to the Canal Board and J and J D

- Whetham , rope makers .

W2 - A A 1 841 1 858 e . 35. S JUNI T DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , 2 Vol .

o f Letters and reports, chiefly engineers, superintendents , and supervisors

A Co . mong names indexed are those of Bingham , Dock , forwarders; James

Clarke, canal commissioner; David Cummings, supervisor; Casper Dull ,

supervisor; John Dougherty, forwarder and designer of section boats; Wm . B .

84

- f 24. S W2 . WE TERN DIVISION Contracts :

Locks, lock sections, tunnels, repairs

Generally, this title is accurate .

for Commonly, the contracts for locks, work on sections having locks, and for 1 827 1 830 repair work on locks are signed , , by Acting Commissioners Abner

S . S Lacock and James tevenson or, then and for some years afterwards, by S S . uperintendent amuel Jones Usually, contracts for locks are accompanied by

printed specifications .

1 2 - 1 4 A 7 9. Articles of greement in manuscript form bearing upon tunnels " through the hill at the loup [sic] on the Conemaugh " ’ Kiskiminetas and through Grant s Hill at Pittsburgh . These Articles range from 1 827 to 1 835 and show the signatures of S Commissioners A . Lacock and Jas . S . tevenson and of

S S Mc a e . uperintendents amuel Jones and James F . C gu

1 44- 1 4 1 82 5. These contracts date from 3 June 7 and are signed by Acting Commissioner Abner Lacock and the contractors; they reveal the earliest plans for the Grant ’ s Hill Tunnel at Pittsburgh and for the ’ Suke s to locks beyond , descending along Run the Monongahela

River .

- f 2 . W2 . 5 WESTERN DIVISION Contracts : Aqueducts

: - Here, the title is inadequate the volume, beyond its first fifty four items

on 55- 1 25 bearing aqueducts, contains items which bear on bridges and bridge

- embankments and items 1 26 236 which bear on culverts .

Generally the contracts for aqueducts are of the early period 1 826 1 830 and carry the signatures successively of Acting Commissioners Lacock and Stevenson; but item 1 1 reveals an Article of Agreement for new construction of the Freeport Aqueduct across the Allegheny which contains the name of

. . 1 854 Engineer T G Pomeroy as of the year , when he was directing work on A the New llegheny Portage Railroad .

Beyond this aqueduct and others at Deer Creek, Pine Creek, etc . , perhaps the for most interesting one is that crossing the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh , which a number of Articles appear in addition to the earliest one signed 3 June 1 827 by Acting Commissioner Lacock and by Sylvanus Lothrop for the LeB ar n contractors o and Lothrop .

All contracts carry with them detailed specifications .

W2 . 26 . S S : f WE TERN DIVI ION Contracts Walls, dams, and repairs

Generally, this title is correct, although it might refer specifically to slope walls

of . and to various types dams, including tumbling dams

86 - for 1 828 1 840 1 1 58 . Contracts slope walls, from , which are signed by

a succession of acting commissioners, superintendents, and other

S . S . A as . S . S S : . officials Lacock, J tevenson , amuel Jones, Jamison ,

and Absalom Morris .

- f 1 2 1 . o 59 3 Contracts for dams, tumbling dams, and repairs to dams, all s u ra which bear the same signatures as those, p , for generally the

same years .

The index relates chiefly to contractors, although the name of James D . Harris, i S eng neer, and that of herman Bills, who was both the superintendent of the

Allegheny Feeder and a contractor, appear in it .

27 S S : W2 f . WE TERN DIVI ION Contracts Lock houses and repairs

This title would be more precise had it included Miscellaneous Repairs .

f r 1 48 . Contracts o lock houses signed by Acting Commissioner Abner Lacock and by Superintendent Samuel Jones and dated chiefly

from 1 828 to 1 830.

4 -2 for of 9 56 . Contracts a great range services and materials are dated irregularly from 1 828 to 1 840 and bear the signatures of

S . S S S . Commissioners Lacock and tevenson, of uperintendents

S . Jamison and amuel Jones, and of other officials

2 W2 . 1 8 . S S . f WE TERN DIVI ION Damage Claims, Vol

E . A . . Here, indexed from llegheny Butler Plank Road Co through Moore, W , 1 829 1 854 uncalendared but running through many scattered years, , are

claims for injuries done to land and properties, for payments for services in

arrears, and for materials furnished to the division .

W2 - f 2 . 9. S 2 S Vol . WE TERN DIVI ION Damage Claims,

P . M. S Here, indexed from Anderson , , through choenberger, , uncalendared but 1 829 1 853 running through scattered years, , are claims for injuries done to for for land and properties, payments services in arrears, and for materials to furnished the division .

S The names of Francis Rawn hunk, secretary to the Canal Board , and of Peter S choenberger, ironmaster, are indexed .

’ - 1 33 1 51 . O Connor Claims of James and Company, forwarders, for injuries " to Enter rise done their boat, p , through gross negligence and fault of state officers (the lock keeper and the foreman of the division)

4 1 851 . a little west of Bolivar, on November

87 - W2 f 0. S 3 S . 3 . WE TERN DIVI ION Damage Claims, Vol

Z Here, indexed from Baines, Jos . through egh, Daniel, uncalendared but 1 828 1 860 running through scattered years, , are claims for injuries done to for for land and properties, payments in arrears for services, and materials

furnished to the division .

’ Canal Board award of $400 to James O Connor and Co . for injury to incinnati on 7 1 851 done the section boat C November , when it struck a stone in the canal just below the Freeport Aqueduct and " knocked a hole in its bow .

- 1 . W2 f. 3 WESTERN DIVISION Damage cases

Here, indexed from Andrews, W . B . J . through Wilson and Lynch , are claims

of contractors and property holders against the Canal Board .

’ McF arland s 52 74. Claims connected with the flooding of William salt works by reason of obstructions in the Conemaugh caused by the

building of the Pennsylvania Canal .

1 2 - 1 1 Coltart 0 0. Entries which illustrate the difficulties Dilworth had after ’ they had accepted a contract to continue the arch of the Grant s

Hill Tunnel on its Monongahela end on 5 August 1 835.

W2 - f 2 3 . S . WE TERN DIVISION Releases and damage compensation

This almost wholly unindexed volume records, through scattered years, n for to o f releases sig ed by claimants injuries land , for loss crops, for unpaid

services, etc .

Canal officials acknowledging these releases are most commonly Acting

Commissioner Abner Lacock and Superintendent Samuel Jones .

w h o A release from David Leech of Leechburg, will profit much to later on as a forwarder on the Pennsylvania Canal, S to - uperintendent Jones for damage done his saw mill, store, and

warehouse, carding machine, lands, crops, stables, houses, walls, 1 1 and cellars by the construction of the new dam at Leechburg, A 1 832 pril , for which he has been allowed

W2 - f 3 . l 1 . V 3 S S o . WE TERN DIVI ION Contractors for Relief,

k S S . Here, indexed from Bills, herman through Welch, , are contractors ma ing f r S o . appeal relief for various causes Prominent among them is herman Bills, who will later be the superintendent of the Allegheny Feeder

Among engineers certifying to the validity of appeals are Sylvester Welch and

A . . B Warford .

88

- W2 2 . . S S 1 826 1 843 g WE TERN DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , 2 Vol .

Indexed here are items bearing on petitions, etc .

A Wm . Important figures indexed are ndrew Boggs, substitute collector for B . f A Sr. o Foster, , at Pittsburgh; the Council llegheny; the Council of Freeport;

ll . . . . to . Wm B Foster, Esq , collector at Hollidaysburg; Wm B Foster, toll collector S of Wm . . at Pittsburgh, father B Foster, engineer, and his brother tephen

- Wm A S Foster, the song writer; . Ingram , collector at llegheny; uperintendents S S . S . amuel Jones and Jamison; Abner Lacock, acting commissioner; S McCa ue McIlv aine to upervisor James F . g ; Joseph , secretary the Canal Board; Mc nn ll S S A . Co e upervisors lex and heldon Marks; James Moorhead, collector E at Blairsville; Supervisor Absalom Morris; Engineer Wm . . Morris; James S Potts, collector at Johnstown; John M . nowden of Pittsburgh; Francis Rawn S S to . hunk, secretary the Canal Board; Charles L chlatter, principal engineer See : S S ( urveys and Correspondence, I, Index); ylvester Welch, construction engineer on the Allegheny Portage Railroad and principal engineer on the

Western Division .

W - 2 . 3 . S S 1 826 1 843 g WE TERN DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents ,

Vol . 3

Indexed here are numerous items bearing on appointments, accounts, claims, ’ A coal, complaints, contracts, the collector s office in llegheny Town , fines,

frauds, improvements, iron, prosecutions, reservoirs, and tolls .

Important figures indexed are Wm . Bingham of the Bingham Line, forwarder;

James Clarke, canal commissioner; Charles Ellet, Ir . , bridge builder here, in S 1 843 - to eptember , recommending a wire suspension aqueduct replace the Wm A . . damaged aqueduct across the llegheny at Pittsburgh; E Morris, S McElro A engineer; upervisor Absalom Morris; William y, collector at llegheny; M ’ . cFadde n 8: O nn r Co . Co o M , forwarders; James , forwarder; James Potts, S r A collector at Johnstown; John nodg ass, superintendent, llegheny Portage

Railroad; Thos . L . Wilson, secretary to the Canal Board; David Watson, i supervisor; and John White, assistant eng neer .

S S 1 844 1 859 WE TERN DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , 1 Vol .

Indexed here are numerous items bearing on accounts, the aqueduct at

Pittsburgh, appointments, bridges, complaints, contracts, dams, drawbacks,

repairs, reports, resignations, salaries, tolls, and water and water power .

Important figures indexed are James Clarke, president of the Canal Board;

r. James Dickey, contractor; Wm . B . Foster, I , engineer; James Fleming, collector E r dw . . S . S . at Pittsburgh; F Gay, engineer; John Gadd , supe visor; Jamison, Wm superintendent; Wilson Knott, supervisor; David Leech, forwarder; . LeB a r on r. ; . . , contractor; David Mitchell, I , secretary to the Canal Board J K

90 A to Robble s tow n Co . Moorhead; lexander Plumer, secretary the Bridge ; John A A . Roebling, inventor of wire rope and builder of the Pittsburgh queduct;

S A . John nodgrass, superintendent, llegheny Portage Railroad; Thomas L

A . . Wilson , secretary to the Canal Board; B Warford , engineer; David Watson ,

S i . supervisor; and ylvester Welch , eng neer

- 1 844 1 859 W2 . S S 5 . g WE TERN DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents , 2 V ol .

Important figures indexed here are James Clarke, president of the Canal Board;

W . . R . Clarke, superintendent; Levi G Clover, collector at Pittsburgh; John

r. Fleming, collector at Pittsburgh; Wm . B . Foster, J , engineer and here canal

S S . S . commissioner; James Gillespie, collector at Freeport; uperintendent

8: Co . . Jamison; Leech , forwarders; David Mitchell, Ir , secretary to the Canal

McPh e rson A . S . Board; J . K . Moorhead , contractor; upervisor Wm ; John

Roebling, inventor of wire ropes and builder of the aqueduct at Pittsburgh; C . A S S . . G . nowden , Pittsburgh physician; upervisor David Watson; and N

Wasson , collector at Johnstown .

W2 - 1 844 1 859 . 6 . S S g WE TERN DIVI ION Reports and Miscellaneous Documents ,

Vol . 3

Indexed here are a few items bearing on petitions and wages .

a Names of division offici ls and a few correspondents indexed are Perry Baker,

S . collector at Pittsburgh; Thomas Bingham , forwarder; Wm . Boyers,

supervisor; Levi G . Clover, collector at Pittsburgh; James Clarke, former canal commissioner and president o f the Board; Supervisor Joseph Clark; S McPh erson S . . 8: . S . Co uperintendent Jamison; D Leech , forwarders; William ,

. . ; S . . supervisor (or J K Moorhead , contractor upervisor J M S A Orr; upervisors lex . Powell and John Peters; Israel Painter, canal f T . G . o commissioner; Pomeroy, engineer and superintendent the New A S r llegheny Portage Railroad; John mith, supervisor; Jacob Ulam , supe visor;

and Thomas L . Wilson , secretary to the Canal Board .

W2 - 7 g. WESTERN DIVISION Pine Creek and Allegheny Line Contracts : Sections

’

8: . 8: . Co Indexed here, from Alvord Co through Washburn , Dan l , are the names of contractors who signed Articles of Agreement (chiefly in printed A A 1 826 : form) with cting Commissioner Abner Lacock in ugust to dig,

embank, puddle, and construct, etc . the one hundred and thirteen sections of

the Line .

W2 - g. 8 . WESTERN DIVISION Stony Creek Feeder

: . Contracts Bridges, waste weirs, etc

The title of this volume is somewhat of a misnomer; it omits mention of such

important items as buildings (brick dwellings, weigh houses, weigh scales,

91 and water rights (rights granted to manufacturers to use surplus water

at locks for industrial purposes) .

8: Y McConnell 8: The names of contractors, from Artz Dobbins through oung, h Co . w o , sign Articles of Agreement with early canal officials such as Acting

S . S S S Commissioners A . Lacock and Jas . tevenson and uperintendent amuel 1 826 1 830 S r A Jones during , and with later ones like upe visor bsalom

Morris, are fully indexed .

W2 - E . S S g 9. WE T RN DIVI ION Ligonier Line Contracts: Sections

A 8: McFarland Here, indexed from nderson , David through Whittlesey , are the 1 826 1 830 of A names of contractors who, between and , sign Articles greement A " S . S with cting Commissioners A . Lacock and James tevenson to dig,

and . embank, puddle, construct, etc . the sections of the Ligonier Line

W2 - 1 0. g. WESTERN DIVISION Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh Line Contracts : Sections

Windrum McKee no . Here, indexed from Anderson , J through and , are the w h o 1 827 1 829 A A names of contractors , between and , sign rticles of greement A with cting Commissioner Abner Lacock to dig, embank, puddle, and

K k . construct, etc . the sections of the is iminetas and Conemaugh line

AR P T C LI S TING OF ARCHIVAL M ATERIALS DERIVED F ROM ADELA ID E R . H A S S E ' S B IB LIOG RAPHY INDEX O F E CONOMIC MATERIAL IN D O CUMENTS O F THE S TA TES O F THE UNI TED S TA TES N RA M S , CONCE T TING ON DOCU ENT CONCERNING THE JUNIATA D IVIS ION AND T HE WES TERN D IVI S ION OF T HE PENNSYLVANIA MAIN LINE CANAL

CANALS AND SLACK- WATER NAVIG ATION : INDIVIDUAL UNDERTAKINGS

IUNIATA DIVISION

Extended from junction of the Susquehanna and Juniata to Hollidaysburg . See no t also above, [ here] Main Line .

1 827- 1 8 35. Report of superintendent of Juniata Division . In Documents as follows :

James Clarke, supt . 1 827 - 1 827: 1 04 1 1 . comrs . 5 7 in Report canal (series , no

Paging from Senate ed . (v . 1 - 828 1 2 . e 8 9 S e . below, Group B

92

S ylvester Welch, engineer " 1 4 - c m rs . 8 83 in A . R . canal o 3

1 8 . r com s . 35 in A R . canal

Occurs in all editions except House dept . ed . 1 6 - 1 8 n 83 38 ot found .

Wm . E . Morris, engineer

1 A . R c mrs . 839 in . canal o 1 4 8 0 . . c mr in A R canal o s .

Occurs in all editions except Sen. dept . ed .

1 841 . . mr in A R canal co s .

i S . Pag ng from enate doc ed .

Paging from House doc . ed .

Paging from Collected docs .

Omitted from dept . editions .

non- serial

1 f . 0. o Feb Report of [select] committee (Clarke) apptd . to consider practicability a am 1 82 4: 606 water communication between Middletown and Pittsburgh . (S e 3 / S : of ame, separate, entitled Report the committee to whom was referred the subject 1 24 1 Wi s tlin rtr. 8 . . . n. . . S . e 3 of the Juniata and Conemaugh Canal p , J g, p , pp

S . . . . S c . 00 Copies seen in Hist . ocy of Penn and Amer Phil o y 3 copies ordered

prtd . (House jol .

0. . . 3 Dec Acct of examination of the Juniata summit and measurement and levels,

A . thence by the Conemaugh , Kiskiminetas and llegheny to Pittsburgh ([Preliminary] mr c . 0 o s . 3 report of canal Dec ,

1 . . comrs . July . First report of Dewitt Clinton , Jr . on the Juniata location (Report canal

6 no . (series ,

Sen . . Paging from ed (v .

1 . 6 . me . . Sa July First report of Mr Guilford on the Juniata location ( (series ,

no .

i n Pag ng from Se . ed . (v . 2 Au . 2 m 1 8 7 . . on . Sa e g It report of Messrs . Guilford and Clinton the Juniata location ( - 1 1 98 0 6 no . (series ,

Sen. . Paging from ed (v .

S . 1 . am 0. S e ept Communication from J . Miller in behalf of the citizens of Perry Co ( 1 827: 1 0l - 1 0 n 3 6 o . (series , n Paging from Se . ed . (v .

Nov . 20. r. Report of Dewitt Clinton , J , engineer, on the Juniata division , with estimate f - o m 1 82 : 1 1 6 1 27 7 . . Sa e 7 its cost at contract prices ( (series , no n Paging from Se . ed . (v .

2 . to Dec . 5 Change in dimensions of locks on the Susquehanna and Juniata divisions 1 82 mrs . 7: A R. co correspond with those built on the eastern division . ( . ’

2 . 5. Dec . Location and cost of a canal from the head of Duncan s Island to Lewistown c m 1 827 (Report canal o rs . :

94 ’ Contemplated joining of the Susq . division and Juniata canal on Duncan s Island . (Same 1 827:

mrs . A R. co Contracts for extension o f Juniata division and French creek feeder . ( . canal 1 827/

Paging from House d oc . ed . of re - List sections which have been let, together with four new sections that have been 24 1 27 8 . sold on the first part of the Juniata Division of the Penn . Canal , since Nov . ,

- 9 . 1 2 1 . 59 5 3 comrs . 8 7 8: (A . R . canal / folding sheet [ ] table A between pp (series , no

doc . . Pagi ng from Sen . ed List of incidental work which has been re - let together with the new work that has 4 N v . 2 on . o been sold the first part of the Juniata division of the Penn Canal since ,

m 1 27 8: 1 . 58 59 3 no . 1 827. Sa e 8 ( / folding sheet [ ] between pp and , table B (series ,

i Sen . . Pag ng from . doc ed mr l. bd . co s . o f on . o June 5. Report committee (Lacock) the Juniata aqueduct (J canal 1 828)

. 5. . . . Dec Present organization of the engineer corps, on the Juniata division (A R canal

r 1 827 8: 6 . 8 9 . com s . 5 5 3 / (folding sheet , table H , between pp and , series , no

Paging from Sen. doc . ed . m f . 5 . St t . . o Dec of work done, amt of estimates for the same , and the sums money m 95 . . Sa e paid thereon, on the first sections of the Juniata division of the Penn Canal ( 2 8 59 3 . 5 folding sheet [table C] between pp and (series ,

d c . . Paging from Sen . o ed

5 . Stmt . f f . o o . Dec quantity incidental work done , amt of estimates for the same, and the sums of money paid thereon on the first part of the Juniata division of the Penn .

m 1 827 8 no . . a : 8 59 3 S e 3 . 5 Canal ( / folding sheet , table D, between pp and (series ,

d c . . Paging from Sen. o ed

Stmt . f Dec . 5. o contracts for excavation of 90 sections on the 2d part of the Juniata

- m 1 2 : 4 . 58 9 . . Sa e 8 7 8 5 division of the Penn Canal ( / folding sheet , table E, between pp

3 . (series , no 2 ’ . 9. Jan Report of [select] committee (Banks) rel . to dam and river lock at North s Is .

. l 1 82 2 1 9 0 . : 6 . in Juniata river (House j o . / 3 v 3 (doc

23 . f March Report of a committee of the House o representatives apptd . upon the of application of James Clarke, acting canal commissioner on the Juniata division the

. i to Penn Canal, to investigate his off cial conduct, in relation certain charges set forth against him in a petition which had been presented , together with some of the docs . which were given in evidence, and also an abstract from the testimony taken in the

. Prtd . : 1 8 0. 1 4 3 . investigation Harrisburg by Welsh and Miller, pp S Copy seen in the Penn . tate Library [University Park PA] .

20. . . . v . Nov Juniata division; communication from W B Mitchell , super isor, rel to

. . . m 1 82 1 repairs (A R canal co rs . 9/ 30: 00

Sen. . ed . Paging from doc ; omitted from dept . editions . 2 . 1 . Dec Description of Juniata division , country through which it passes; principal m works and their cost . (Sa e 46

Sen. . Paging from doc ed .

1 1 . Feb . Report of committee on inland navigation and internal improvement (Ingersoll) upon petition for a survey with view to construction of dam and out - let 2 : 2 . 76 lock on Juniata river at mouth of Tuscarora creek (House jol . v .

(doc .

95 2 6 . n Feb . Report of committee o inland navigation and internal improvement f (Ingersoll) upon petition of contractors upon Juniata division o Penn . canal asking

- to re . am . 2 : 81 . alterations in laws rel . measurements; adverse (S e v 3 (doc : Table length of the different levels on the Juniata division and amt . of incidental work

c mrs . 1 1 on each level . (A . R . canal o 3

n ed . . . Paging from Se . doc . ; omitted from dept editions

: . Penn . canal; Juniata div . Tables amt of work done upon each section, and upon each am item of incidental work during year; names of contractors and amt . paid each . (S e 1 82

e n ed . . . Paging from S . doc . ; omitted from dept editions

1 0. Feb . Report of committee on inland navigation and internal improvement (Alexander) upon the petition in relation to widening the towing path of the canal 1 4 l . 83 to S . o 3 from Johnstown uttons Dam , and a turnpike road to Armagh (House j /

2 : 2 - 2 6 6 6 7 . v . (doc - f 26 2 . n . o March 9 Reports of committee o accts . upon the accts witnesses attending t before the committee apptd . o investigate the conduct of supervisors and agents upon

- 1 4 841 f m 2 : 8 8 . . Sa e . 35 37 8 the Juniata division o the Penn Canal . ( v (docs 1 88 843 (docs .

1 4 c . 8 . doc . do Clarke (docs . Bennett (doc Banks ( Harvey ( 2 f n . o March 9. Report of committee o claims (Clarke) upon accts witnesses before committee apptd . to investigate conduct of supervisors and agents upon Juniata

- am 1 4 . 2 : 84 846 . division of Penn . Canal . (S e 833 / v 5 (doc A r p . 9. Report of the committee (Goodman) to whom were referred sundry petitions of praying for an investigation into the conduct the public agents, on the Juniata

- m 1 8 4 . 2 : 1 1 . . Sa e 33 9 0 9 5 . division , Penn Canal ( v (doc

S . : . 1 834. 7 . ame, separate Harrisburg H Welsh, pp

Copy seen in Library of Congress .

1 4. Apr . Report of the canal comrs . upon the surplus water of the dam in the Long

m 1 4 2 : . . 933 Narrows upon the Juniata division (Sa e 833 / v . (doc

1 4 . f of Apr . Protest o the minority of the committee (Cromwell) complaining the m . Sa e conduct of the public agents upon the Juniata division of the Penn . Canal (

- 2 : 941 94 . v . 3 (doc

27. f mr . . o co s . to March Report canal rel official conduct of James K Moorhead ,

- 2 : 77 774 doc . Same . 3 supervisor of Juniata division of Penn . Canal . ( v (

1 4. f . o Jan Report of the auditor gen . (Espy) rel . to the expenditure public money upon

: . . the breach on the Penn . Canal between Huntingdon and Hollidaysburg W D Boas, 1 4 1 7 . 8 0. 3 pp

S PA . Copy seen in the Penn . tate Library [University Park ] 21 of . of . Jan . Length Juniata division; no of locks, contracts for renewal bridges,

comrs . repairs and improvements suggested; estimated cost of repairs . (A . R . canal 1 8

Paging from House doc . ed . 1 841 Stmt . . . of names of contractors, and contract prices of Juniata division (House jol 2 : 1 2 . 7 2 v , folding tables (doc . f n 1 . S o Ja . evere ice freshet cause of great damage on Juniata division; condition locks; m 1 4 : 22 repairs needed . (Sa e 839/ 0 1 . s tmt . Feb 3 . Communication from auditor gen . (Espy) with of contracts on Juniata 1 2 1 41 . 2 : 7 f 1 1 . . 8 o . to . 839 division Penn Canal , filed subsequent Nov , (House jol v , 2 folding tables . )

96

2 1 . r h an. m co s . . R e J Communications from canal rel to claim of John y, contractor on Juniata division; claims of Royer 8: Schmucker for damages sustained by freshet in the 1 8 on R. R. Sen. Juniata River in 38; claims of Thos . Collins resp . work the Gettysburg (

1 4 - - 8 7 . 1 : 1 1 1 l 2 24 24 2 . : 5 7 . 3 jol v 00 0 ; House j o . v . (docs

1 . f m . 7 r Feb Report o canal co s . rel . to certain claim against commonwealth contracted

1 4 . 2 : 4 . . . Sen. . 8 8 3 5 by D Woods, late supervisor of Juniata division ( jol v (doc f 2 1 . to o March Communication from auditor gen . (Purviance) rel . claim Green , Dorsey

8: . f r am 1 849 . 2 : Co o materials furnished on the Juniata division of Penn . Canal . (S e v 4 -4 88 89 (doc .

6 . B r h e rlin . to ot e . Apr Communication from auditor gen . (Purviance) rel . claim of John

m 4 4 - - 2 : 81 482 . 1 4 . 2 4 46 . a e 1 8 9 . 8 9 : 5 5 5 (S v (doc . House jol v (doc

f f Juniata division : amt . o damages which have been paid and list o persons with A R mr 1 89 co s . whom agreements have been made . ( . . canal i Se n. Pag ng from Doc . ed .

l. c mrs . 6 . : n o bd . o June Table damages allowed o Juniata division . (J canal m . . . Sa e Oct 3 Report of James Clarke resp . damages on the Juniata division (

. 3 . . on Oct Report of James Clarke on claim of Dr Saml . Mealy for damages the Juniata f 1 6 . Same division o the Penn . Canal; manner of construction of sec . ( S mr . : . co s . chedule appeals, amt offered by canal , and amt awarded by appraisers for 1 8 0 1 : A R comrs . 3 damages on eastern , Juniata and Delaware divisions . ( . . canal / mr 1 1 2 : co s . 83 Juniata division : amt . of damages paid during year . (A . R . canal / i n d c . ed . . . Pag ng from Se . o ; omitted from dept editions

- - 2 2 6 1 8 . 1 1 1 2 S . 2 1 8 0 . 7 83 3 6 . . 8 3 June Damages on the Juniata division , July , Jan , ; ept , (Same

- - 1 2 m 1 8 8 . f r 2 22 24 8 . a e 33 27 1 8 . 3 S o S . 3 May Offers damages ept , May Oct , ( 2 c mrs . . March 8 . Report of the canal o rel to damages paid on the Juniata division of

l 2 - 41 . o . . : 839 8 . the Penn Canal . (House j v (doc

l . comrs . to . o . bd Damages be paid; date of award , names, amt (J canal f A for o . March 20. Report of committee on private claims (Leet) on petition A ddams

Sen . . damages sustained by construction of Juniata division of Penn . Canal . ( jol 1 : v . 399

Juniata division; injury caused by heavy rain; cost of repairs; amt . of tolls received on this division and on eastern division embracing whole line from Columbia to

A R. m . . 8 Hollidaysburg ( canal co rs . i Pag ng from House doc . ed .

EMPLOYEES AND OFFICERS

E See S AND S . also below, RECEIPT EXPENDITUR 1 2 8 8 . m f St t . o Dec persons to whom , and the price at which the stone and wood work has

mrs . A R. co been assigned, on the second part of the Juniata division . ( . canal

8 9 3 . 5 . . 5 5 folding sheet , table F between pp and (series , no i Pag ng from Se n. doc . ed .

98 6 . 1 828 Dec . List of persons engaged in the engineer corps and the canal office, their term

24 1 827 . of service and amt . of wages since Nov . , on the Juniata division of the Penn

58 59 3 . m 6 . a . Sa e C nal ( folding sheet , table G , between pp and (series , no

Paging from Sen. doc . ed . me 1 829 o f v . Sa Juniata division; list engineer corps, super isor, collector and lock keepers (

doc . . Paging from Sen. ed

- 1 00 5 — same Same 1 829 30 . 1 830 1 83 1 . 6 . a . Dec List of officers and gents employed ( / (p , table )

Pagi ng from Se n. doc . ed; omitted from dept . editions .

l d . . b 4. on . o 1 831 Apr . Employees the Juniata division and their compensation (J canal

comrs .

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES

See A S . also above, DAM GE S See . . S also above , Penn Canal, etc RECEIPT AND EXPENDITURE , under 41 9 ’ dates [not reproduced here, but found on page of Hasse s

bibliography] .

1 2 n . 8 9 Table : amt . paid to jobbing contractors and assistant supervisors o Juniata division

comrs . 1 8 (A . R . canal 8 i Sen . . Pag ng from doc ed . 1 2 am 8 9 Summary view of the whole expense of every kind incurred and estimated . (S e 1 91

Se n . . Paging from doc ed . 1 830 : . on Juniata division; tables amt paid , amt . of forfeitures, balance yet to pay sections between mouth of the Juniata and Lewiston and between Lewiston and Huntingdon; re - f r D f o ec . 5 1 829 o . work let and contracted since , ; abstract amt paid on various m 1 . r t 6 . am 1 829 0: 1 00 c . s t . . S e 3 kinds of work; dr and , Dec ( / , tables

Sen. . e d . . Paging from doc ; omitted from dept . editions 1 833 : 1 Table contingent expenses . (Same 832 / 3 :

S d c . . Found only in doc . eds .; paging from enate o ed

— 1 833 1 834. : l m 1 2 1 1 4 m 1 o d . a 1 9 9 sa e 833 Table payments on lines (S e 83 / 3 (pp . )

ed . n . . Found only in doc . ; paging from Se doc . ed

1 836 7. . on / Penn Canal; Juniata and eastern division; amt . expended whole line from

1 1 8 - 1 . 1 8 7 3 36 . 3 3 Hollidaysburg to Columbia from Oct , Oct , ; tolls derived from same m for that period . (Sa e 1 836 / 7: 1 838 See A S above, DAM GE , this date . 1 841 See R . R . S AND S above, Penn Canal and RECEIPT EXPENDITURE , this date [not 42 ’ 0 of Has ses s . reproduced here, but appears on page bibliography] Receipts in on the Eastern and Juniata divisions of the canal and expenditures 1 30. A . . m 1 and liabilities March to Nov ( R canal co rs . 3

99 IUNIATA DIVISION : FRANKSTOWN LINE

1 f Dec . 5 . Frankstown line o Juniata division; length of canal and slack water;

1 AR . construction; estimated cost; line probably ready for navigation Oct . . ( canal mr co s . n Paging from Se . doc . ed .

: . Frankstown line; table names of contractors, whole amt of work estimated and paid n o f to them o each section and item of incidental work; amt . work estimated and paid

- 2 1 8 1 1 1 2 . m . 6 3 . 3 83 Sa e Nov , Oct , , with percentage retained (

i n . d oc . ed . . Pag ng from Se . ; omitted from dept editions 2 n 9. o Nov . Funds appropriated and disbursements made Frankstown line; length of m 0 line and whole cost . (Sa e 3 n Paging from Se . doc . ed . am Table : length of each level and incidental work on Frankstown line . (S e 1 90

Found only in doc . ed .

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES

R mr A . . co s . Funds appropriated for Frankstown line; whole cost . ( canal 31 1 83 . Same 3 : . Table Frankstown line; amt . due and unpaid and amt required to finish line ( 1 90

Found only in d oc . ed . 1 8 4 3 : . to on Tables amt paid whom and for what purpose Frankstown line , including

damages paid . (Same 75

Paging from Collected docs .

IUNIATA DIVISION : HUNTINGDON BREACH

See S E D S also below , RECEIPT AND XPEN ITURE

Repairs on works between Huntingdon and Hollidaysburg; loans; cost; standing 27 provision to meet similar cases recommended . (Govs . mess . (Ritner) Dec . ,

f . . . S . ov . o . July Corresp of Bank o f U . and G Penn rel to Juniata disaster and funds for

- - 65 67 . n l 2 t . Se o . . 2 : 27 28 . . repair . ( j v ; House jol v [p (doc

i rns . . 9 a 1 1 . . June Report of committee (Cox) apptd under act of Feb , mak ng pp to

m s . . . canals and of commonwealth, etc , to examine accts for repairing the breach on 1 : 1 264 the Juniata division of Penn . Canal . (House jol . v . f 1 4. . to . o Jan . Letter from auditor gen . (Espy) with a report rel accts for repairs canal 1 840 en. . between Huntingdon and Hollidaysburg during the summer of 1 838 . (S jol 2 : 1 2 1 v . f r of an 1 . . . o J . 5 Report of the auditor gen . (Espy) rel to accts repair canal between

: H e nlock 8: 1 840 . Huntingdon and Hollidaysburg . Harrisburg Holbrook, Bratton , 1 5 pp .

1 00

21 7 1 4 A R comrs . 8 1 in . . canal

Found in all editions except House dept . ed .

41 f 1 8 Reports of superintendents o eastern and western reservoirs . In Documents as follows :

J . Riter, Eastern Reservoir; D . Watson, Western Reservoir .

R. c mr . 220 1 841 in A . canal o s

Paging from Collected docs .

Omitted from dept . editions .

non- serial

22 . f S . . o Nov Report engineer ( Welch) upon a reservoir for Western division , with A R r 4 4 . m . 1 : . co s 8 5 5 estimate of cost ( . canal 3 /

e d . . . Paging from House doc . ; occurs in all editions except House dept ed f m 1 4 : 1 1 2 . o r . Sa e 83 5 Dec . Propriety having rese voir constructed near Johnstown ( /

See . below, Western division, this date

1 A . R. 2 . a rn . r n . Dec . For pp for construction of rese voirs o Western division ( canal mr co s .

Paging from Senate doc . ed . 1 1 an 21 . 8 836 J . Reservoirs authorized by act of Feb . , never commenced; surveys made

1 1 8 9 a rn . . 9 3 for reservoirs under act of July , ; pp ; sites of Eastern and Western Sam 1 8 8 9: 4 reservoirs and estimated cost . ( e 3 5

Paging from House ed . 1 . 5. Jan Eastern and western reservoirs, depth of water at dam; area of land flooded; Same 1 3 available contents of pool; estimated cost of work . ( n Paging from Se . ed .

Completion o f reservoirs on the eastern end and western sides of the Allegheny Mt . m 1 41 2 1 8 . Sa e 8 : urged; amt expended; estimated cost . ( /

0 . f A . Dec . 3 Necessity o completing eastern and western reservoirs at llegheny Mt (Same

1 . See . . 3 . R R Dec above, Penn Canal [and ] , this date [not reproduced here] mr 1 . . A . R. co s . Dec . 3 Eastern reservoir put under contract to complete ( canal 1 845/ 6 z l l )

f . 30. r Dec . Completion o eastern rese voir; cost of construction; amt appropriated; m 1 4 : 1 balance to be provided; etc . (Sa e 8 6 / 7 3 f Jan . 5. Final estimates o work done by H . L . Patterson on the eastern reservoir and 1 4 1 . bd . c mrs . 8 8: 7 . . o feeder, etc connected therewith (Jol canal A R 26 . f A . . . Dec . Propriety o completing reservoir upon western side of llegheny mts (

canal comrs . 1 2

6 . c mrs . bd . o March Estimates of work and material on eastern reservoir . (Jol canal 1 850: 33

1 02 1 852 an. 9. See . J above, Juniata division , this date

1 8 2 n. on 5 Ja 9. Work resumed western reservoir; cubic feet of water available when full; A R . to . . . estimated cost of work; amt . appropriated and amt be appropriated ( canal

comrs . f f 1 . o o 1 852 Dec . 3 Early completion western reservoir; depth water accumulated; ample Same 1 851 2 : supply to canal during period of low water . ( /

1 842 . on Feb 9. Report of committee (Plumer) on private claims for damages petition of ’ M Cune 31 0 of Joseph , for compensation for a tract of acres land occupied by the

1 842 . 1 : Se n. . commonwealth in the construction of the eastern reservoir . ( jol v 263

A . R. . . Expenses of eastern reservoir of Penn . Canal . ( auditor gen (p 44) — same 1 849 Omitted

WESTERN DIVISION

Extended from Johnstown to Pittsburgh .

1 826 - 1 82 f 9. Report o acting commissioner In Documents as follows : A bner Lacock, acting commissioner

1 826 - 1 82 : 87 . in Report canal commissioners [ 1 826 / first report Dec . 6 90 1 827 1 2 - c mr . 8 7: 27 2 o s 9 3 . in Report canal (series , no S Paging from enate ed . (v .

1 828 A R - . mr . 1 1 co s . 7 9 1 no . in canal (series ,

S James tevenson , commissioner

1 829 A R - . . c mrs . in canal o 1 59 1 69 .

Se n. . Paging from doc ed .

1 82 - 1 8 841 . Report of engineer In Documents as follows :

as . . J D Harris, engineer

1 828 A R - - . . c mr 1 2 o s . 9 1 24 38 1 . 2 in canal ; (series , nos , A llegheny, Pine Creek, and Ligonier lines .

1 03 A lonzo Livermore, engineer

- 4 1 mr . 22 2 1 828 . . co s in A R canal (series ,

Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh lines .

1 2 - 1 41 of 8 9 8 . Report engineer In Documents as follows : S ylvester Welch , engineer

c mrs . 1 69 1 829 in AR . canal o 1 2 0: c mrs . 8 9 3 89 1 830 in AR . canal o / 1 l : 1 4 c mrs . 830 3 1 831 in AR . canal o /

c mrs . 93 1 832 in AR . canal o

mr . 1 833 in AR . canal co s 98

2 . comrs . 88 9 1 834 in AR . canal

1 A R. c mrs . 60 65. 835 in . canal o

Chas . T . Whippo, engineer

mr 9 . co s . 88 8 1 836 in A . R . canal

Estimates for repairs only .

- 1 837 1 838 not found .

Wm . E . Morris, engineer mr 1 R. c s . 65 1 839 in A . canal o 1 c mrs . 79 1 840 in A . R . canal o 1 mrs . 39 1 41 A R. co 8 in . canal

Paging from Senate d oc . ed .

Paging from House doc . ed .

Paging from Collected docs .

Omitted from dept . editions .

- 1 1 830 835. Report of superintendent In Documents as follows :

S . . Jones, supt

i n A . R. 80 canal comrs . 1 1 : 1 2 mr . 0 in A . R . canal co s 83 / 9 1 1 2 mr . : in A . R . canal co s 83 / 89

. . 1 8 2 3 : 2 in A R canal comrs . 3 / 9

R. c mrs . 8 in A . canal o 3 2 R. mrs . in A . canal co 5

Occurs in all editions except House dept .

S . Paging from enate doc ed .

Paging from House doc . ed .

Omitted from dept . editions .

At a very numerous meeting of the citizens of Pittsburgh, convened in

8 . pursuance of public notice, at the court house on the th of June, John M S nowden , mayor was called to the chair when it was " Resolved of , by the citizens Pittsburgh, in town meeting assembled Resolved , That be appointed a committee to attend at Harrisburg, in behalf " Resolved of of the people of this city , That copies these proceedings be

furnished to each of the Canal Commissioners, and that the same be published

in the different papers o f this city . The following correspondence between the committee and the Board of Canal Commissioners, is published with a view of reporting to the citizens

of Pittsburgh , the manner in which the committee discharged the duties 2 assigned to them . (pp . 1 2 6 . 8 7 Feb . Report of committee on inland navigation and internal improvement (Lehman)

l. 2 2 2 an l . o 1 8 6 7 . : 33 rel . to location of western section of Penn . C a (House j / v

(doc . 1 2 8 7 . Feb . 5 Letter from representatives of the select and common councils and citizens

mr . generally of Pittsburgh proposing that the canal co s . rescind the res suspending

of . . . work on the canal from Pine Creek down to the city Pittsburgh , etc (A R canal m 1 27: co rs . 8 2 Paging from Se n. ed . v . .

1 2 1 r 1 2 1 - 1 1 8 7 . m . 8 7: 0 3 to . S . co s . Feb Instructions N Roberts, engineer (Report canal (series 2 , no . i 2 Pag ng from Senate ed . v . . 1 827 1 f mr . bd . o co s . S . . May Letter from N . Roberts, engineer, to the pres of the canal Sam 1 827 1 — 2 e : 3 5 2 no . ( (series ,

Paging from Senate ed . (v . 1 827 2 f . 9. Stmt . o Nov . of work remaining to be done upon the Western division the Penn m 2 . . Sa e . 9 . Canal, from sec to the Monongahela, with estimate of cost; by J D Harris (

1 827: 2 - 0 9 3 3 . (series , no

Paging from Senate ed . (v . 1 2 8 7 . 1 A i 0. i Dec Report of eng neer, lonzo Livermore on the K skiminetas division of the

- mr . 1 2 : 42 4 . . . co s 8 7 7 3 Penn Canal (Report, canal (series , no i Pag ng from Senate ed . (v . 1 2 m 8 7 . 2 i . Sa e Dec 5. Work on the canal from the mouth of the Kisk minetas to Blairsville (

1 827 2 . . f 5 S . o Dec chedule showing the names of contractors, amt contracts, probable cost,

. Same 1 827: 3 . etc on the Kiskiminetas division . ( series , no

1 827/ 8 . on List of sections the Ligonier line, names of contractors and prices for each

1 no . Same 1 827 8: 1 2 . 38 description of work . ( / folding table following p (series , i Pag ng from Senate doc . ed . 1 827 List of contracts entered into on the Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh lines Western

1 1 2 - v 1 1 2 m 1 827 8: 1 4 . . N 8 7 o . 8 8 . Sa e division, Penn Canal, Nov , , ( / folding table ,

8 1 . 1 1 . 3 following tables p )series , nos

n d oc . . Paging from Se . ed 1 827 1 1 2 1 . 8 . Same 8 7 8: 3 3 Ditto; Pine Creek line ( / folding table , following p (series , 1 0 no . ) ) i n d oc . . Pag ng from Se . ed

1 06 - 8 1 2 1 . 3 1 92 . Sam 8 7 8: 3 1 827 A . e Ditto; llegheny line, secs ( / folding table , following p (series

1 , no .

Paging from Sen. doc . ed . 1 828 Si of mt . labor done on Allegheny line, Western division , from commencement of work t v i of o No . [ , beg nning on the north side the Allegheny River, opposite the m 1 827 8: 2 . Sa e of . 9 mouth the Kiskiminetas and ending at sec , near Pine creek ( /

- 1 4 38 1 . folding tables , following p . (series , no n d Paging from Se . oc . ed . 1 828 92 - 1 1 3 A Ditto; Pine Creek line, secs ; also the aqueduct over the llegheny at Pittsburgh,

- Same 1 827 8: 5 6 . and the work in the city of Pittsburgh . ( / folding tables following p

38 1 . (series , no

Paging from Sen . doc . ed . m 1 27 8: 25 1 828 . Sa e 8 1 828 to . Ditto; Kiskiminetas line , from commencement Nov , ( / folding

- 1 0 8 1 n . 7 . 3 o tables , following p (series ,

Paging from Sen . doc . ed . 79- 1 25 1 828 . Ditto; Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh line, Western division, secs , above

- 1 . m 1 827 8: 1 1 1 2 . 38 . Sa e Blairsville ( / folding tables , following p (series , no

d . . Pagi ng from Sen . oc ed 1 2 1 n 9. o 8 9 Feb . Report of committee inland navigation and internal improvement

(Denison) rel . to petition of contractors on Western division of Penn . Canal praying

- l 1 2 . 2 2 9 . o . 8 8 9 : 59 5 5 for additional compensation . (House j / v (doc 1 2 f n f 8 9 27. o o March Report o committee (Scott) apptd . report acting commissioner

l c mrs . o . bd . o (Lacock); aqueduct across the Allegheny . (J canal 1 829 6 . Apr . Report of committee on inland navigation and internal improvement (Blair) l 2 1 1 to k o . . : 7 rel . navigation of Kis iminetas and Conemaugh rivers . (House j v

71 2 (doc .

Obstructions by building of dams in construction of the Penn . Canal . 1 82 ’ M Av . . 9 9. e 8: Co June Report of committee (Mitchell) on memorial of James y , rel to

mr . . bd . co s contract for making the Pittsburgh tunnel (Jol . canal 1 829 0 3 . : / Western division; tables contracts entered into on Pittsburgh and Pine Creek lines, k 20 1 829 Allegheny line and Kis iminetas and Conemaugh lines between Nov . , and

Nov . 1 9 1 830 , ; ditto Ligonier line; labor done and money paid on Pittsburgh and Pine A creek line; work done and money paid on llegheny line , Kiskiminetas and R 1 A . . c mrs . 97 . o Conemaugh line; ditto Ligonier line ( canal , tables

en. ed . . . Paging from S doc . ; omitted from dept editions 1 830 : Same Table moneys paid , estimated costs, amts due, etc ., on Ligonier line . (

Sen . . e d . Paging from doc ; omitted from dept . editions . 1 830 2 1 Dec . . Construction of line from section 57 of Ligonier line to suitable point for connection o f portage road and canal at Johnstown; estimated cost and actual cost of on am work, other work and cost Ligonier line (S e 53

Sen. ed . Paging from doc . ; omitted from dept . editions . 1 830 Se e . RR . not . March above , Penn Canal [and ] Frauds, etc . [ reproduced here] 1 831 1 . Dec . 5 Difficulty of construction; error in location of canal (Western division); mr . . co s . 2 necessary repairs, (A R canal 5 i Sen . . e d . Pag ng from doc ; omitted from dept . editions . 1 8 2 3 . 2 1 . of Feb Report engineer (Welch) employed upon Western division of Penn . Canal; of estimate of cost repairing and putting division in order after damage by freshets,

- . Sen . l o . 1 . : 395 398 . 2 : 678 etc ( j v ; House jol v .

1 07 A R 2 . . . . 1 834 Dec . Western division; new work put under contract and estimated cost ( canal

comrs . 1 833 / 4: 84

Paging from Collected docs . S S 1 835 Feb . 5. Report of committee on claims (T . S . mith) upon petition of imon Lonergan

n . . . . 2: resp . losses by contract o Western division of Penn Canal (House jol v

- 537 538 (doc .

2 . mr f r 1 . o 837 Feb 8 Communication from canal co s . stating reasons not constructing canal 2 Co . Sen. . . around Blairsville bridge at Bairdstown , Westmoreland ( jol v 381 0 f 6 . o 1 837 Dec . Western division, date Opening and closing of navigation; poor condition

R. c mrs . A . o of division; tolls and repairs for fiscal year . ( canal

Paging from Collected docs . ’ 1 838 Western division; amt required for repairs and to build reservoir and complete Grant s am Hill tunnel . (S e

Paging from House doc . ed .

2 1 . f r f 1 838 Dec . Western division; necessity o construction o reservoirs; extension of arch ’ f for . o at Grant s Hill tunnel put under contract; amt . expended repairs and amt tolls m for year . (Sa e i Pag ng from House doc . ed .

- 1 1 1 . . 839 84 . Si . . mt of contracts and contract prices, etc , on Western division of Penn Canal 1 841 2 : 1 6 . 6 . (House jol v . and folding table (doc

1 1 1 841 . Transmitted by auditor gen . (Espy) Feb . , 1 4 8 0 . 2 1 . no . Jan Western division; length , of locks, general condition , improvements and f A mr 22 . R. c s . repairs; amt required or repairs . ( . canal o

d . Paging from House oc . ed 1 841 1 1 . tmt . . s Feb Communication from auditor gen . (Espy) acc . with a of contracts on

l 1 41 . 1 1 8 9 . o . 8 to . 3 Western division of Penn . Canal filed subsequent Nov , (House j v 2 : 1 66 2 , folding tables . )

2 . f 1 844 Jan . 7 Report o committee on internal improvements (Farrelly) on remonstrance of

mayor of City of Allegheny against law authorizing mayor, aldermen and citizens of Pittsburgh to rebuild or repair aqueduct over Allegheny River opposite City of 1 44 . e n 8 . 1 : 1 3 Pittsburgh (S jol . v 9 1 846 mrs . n . co Description of repairs o Western division . (A . R canal 1 849 A r 9. . . . S p Report of jt . investigating committee ( wartzwelder) rel to public works 1 4 2 - . : 671 70 . (House jol 8 9 v . 9 (doc to Investigation was limited the Western division of the canal, the Allegheny

R R R. Portage R . and the Columbia and Philadelphia 1 84 f 2 . o 9 Dec . 8 Western division; repairs made and contemplated; completion Yough iogh eny slack water to West Newton will throw increased trade upon canal if transportation be lessened; will also enable boats from Beaver and cross cut canals to

A . R. n f . pass o to Penn . Canal instead o stopping and unloading cargoes at Pittsburgh (

comrs . 1 3 canal , 1 ’ 8 0 . 2 f M a e 5 . . . o . . C u Feb Communication from auditor gen . (Purviance) rel to accts J F g ,

0 . 2 : Sen. . 1 85 late supervisor Western division of Penn . Canal . ( jol v 1 2 85 an. 9 J . Western division; length and extent; no . dams, locks and aqueducts; lockage;

f . almost entire suspension of transportation during part of season on acct . o low water A R . c mr ( . canal o s . 1 ’ A . 853 4. / bstr of Operations on Upper and Lower Western division; Johnstown to Tarr s Lock, ' r am 1 8 4: 1 9 excluding rese voir; Tarr s Lock to Pittsburgh . (S e 53

1 08

20 1 82 v . 9 No . 20 Western division; schedule of damages paid , between Nov , and , m 1 830. Sa e 97 ( , table i S n. e d . Pag ng from e doc . ; omitted from dept . editions . - 1 - 1 830 832 . 1 0 1 8 0 . 1 8 1 8 2 . ol. bd . c mr . 3 3 o s . Damages on the Western division July , Jan , (J canal 1 832 /

1 6 1 832 . Considered June , 1 2 ’ 8 . n A ill f 830 Jan. Report of committee on claims (Buchanan) o petition of rthur M G or f r f o o . . of to remuneration loss stages and horses, etc on acct damage road between

Pittsburgh and Erie by locating the western section of the Penn . Canal . (House jol . 2 41 -4 : 7 1 8 . v . (doc 1 2 f 830 March 5 . Report o committee on inland navigation and internal improvement f to (Miller) upon petition o C . Magee and others rel . damages to their property by ’ 2 m . 2 : 7 running Penn . Canal through Grant s Hill . (Sa e v 5 (doc

- 1 1 4 1 2 1 . l. bd . 1 832 833 . 83 3 833 o Offers for damages on Western division, June , May , (J canal

comrs .

3 1 833 . Considered May , 1 4 an 1 4 83 . . f mr . A r. 1 8 . o co s . 8 33 J Report canal , in pursuance of a res of p , , rel to canal ’ n - 1 2 : 06 - 0 Se . . . 1 : 1 72 7 . . 5 5 9 damages on Grant Hill . ( jol v 5; House jol v

(doc . 1 4 D 2 . m f . 83 ec . o Western division; s t t . damages paid since last report; amt of awards

t . rejected; total amt . required o pay all damages should they hereafter be accepted A R. m r . 86 ( canal co s .

Paging from Collected docs . 1 835 . 1 0. f o . S . S Feb Report committee on claims (T mith) upon petitions of Jacob Horner,

m . . . S . Ir , Jonas Ho er and Jacob tutzman on acct of injuries to lands by Penn Canal 4 . 2 : . (House jol v . 55 (doc

1 2 . m 1 837 Jan. Report of committee on claims (Hill) upon petitions of Jacob Ho er and Jonas 2 : f r Same 1 836 7 . Horner o damages done by construction of state improvements . ( / v

2 - 2 97 98 (doc . S tony Creek above Johnstown . 1 8 7 1 6 . n os . 3 Jan . Report of committee o claims (Trego) upon petition of J Harshberger for m . Sa e compensation for damages, sustained from construction of feeder at Johnstown ( 2 : 64 v . 3 (doc . 1 8 7 a n 1 6 . n S 3 J . Report of committee o claims (Darsie) upon petition of Jacob tutzman for ame compensation for damages sustained by construction of Stony Brook feeder . (S

2 : 6 . v . 3 3 (doc 1 1 841 . f Jan . Western division; damages to line; capacity o canal cannot be maintained in

dry seasons until western reservoir is completed; repairs needed and under contract .

R. A . 2 ( canal co mrs . 7 1 844 an 1 9. J . Report of committee on private claims for damages (Darsie) on petition of f r Geo . Murray o remuneration for land appropriated to the use of the western

l 1 44 . 1 1 . n 0 . Se . o . 8 : 0 reservoir, Penn Canal ( j v mr 1 84 l . co s d . : . o b 5 June 3 . Table damages on Western division and French creek (J canal 1 845: 88; 1 4 85 . f . mrs . . o Feb 7 Communication of bd . of canal co rel to award in favor Allegheny and

Butler Plank Road Co . for damages sustained by construction of Western division of L l . . e is . 1 8 4: 86 Penn Canal ( g docs . 5 3

1 1 0 D 2 f . 1 827 ec . 5. o List engineers, asst engineers and subalterns employed in the engineer 1 827: 7- 8 3 mrs . 3 3 t . co dep , from Kiskiminetas to Pittsburgh (Report canal (series ,

no .

Paging from Sen. ed . (v .

2 . 1 827 . 5 Dec List of persons employed in the Kiskiminetas division of the canal line, with

- f 1 2 4 . o . Same 8 7: 39 0 3 wages each ( (series , doc

Paging from Sen . doc . ed . 1 828 t A Persons employed in the engineer dep ; Ligonier line, llegheny and Pine Creek lines;

m 40- 42 1 i . Sa e Kisk minetas and Conemaugh line, Kiskiminetas line ( (series , 1 no . 5) )

Paging from Sen. doc . ed .

See S S . below, RECEIPT AND EXPENDITURE , this date

A . R. 2 1 . . 1 830 Dec . Western division : schedule of engineers and other persons employed ( 7 1 0 canal comrs . 9 (tables

Pagi ng from Se n. doc . ed .

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES

1 2 2 - 8 6 Stmt . f . A r. 0 . on . of expenses o engineers dept . western sec of Penn Canal from p Dec

6 . 1 26 : comrs . . 8 (Report canal first report, Dec 1 - 826 1 82 m f . 1 78 7. St t . o [ 1 work done and money paid on Kiskiminetas division from sec to ,

1 n . 0 1 827. am 1 827: 6 3 o . S e 3 from commencement to Dec , ( (series ,

Paging from Sen. ed . (v . 1 82 m 6 St t . on . of work done, and money paid upon contracts, Western division of Penn

- . m 1 27 Sa e 8 : 33 35 3 . 5 Canal ( (series , nos

n . d . Paging from Se oc ed . (v . S 20 1 829 to . chedule of payments engineers and other persons between Nov , and 2 1 . 0 8 0 r m s . 97 8 3 o f . . . . co Nov , ; schedule misc payments (A R canal , tables and i n e d . . . Pag ng from Se . doc . ; omitted from dept editions 1 8 0 3 . 2 1 . : Dec Western div .; table amt . of payments by former and present acting

. to commissioner together with probable amt required finish same; total cost, original,

. 1 2 comrs . 8 8 9: estimates, etc (Report canal

n . Paging from Se doc . ed . 20 1 8 1 1 1 . 2 mrs . 1 3 . 1 832 . . . co Expenditures between Nov , and Nov , (A R canal , m s t ts . 1 , 5, 6 , 7,

Sen . . e d . Paging from doc ; omitted from dept . editions . 1 832 f Western division; general abstr . o money expended during past year on old and new

to . work, percentage and balances due on same, and estimated amt . finish whole line (Same 1 1 5

a Sen . . e d P ging from doc . ; occurs only in doc . ed . 1 832 . am 1 8 1 2 Western division; report of supt giving principal disbursements on line . (S e 3 : 1 05 i Sen . . e d Pag ng from doc .; omitted from dept . editions . 1 834 2 S Same 1 833 4 . : Western division; disbursements on tony Creek feeder . ( / v

Paging from Collected docs .

1 1 1 R R . S 1 841 See . S above, Penn Canal [and ] RECEIPT AND EXPENDITURE , this date [not

reproduced here] .

1 41 2 . 0 1 842 8 . 3 / Receipts on the Western division for the year ending Nov , and expenditures 1 1 42 mr 1 41 2 : 30 8 . . . co s . 8 and liabilities March to Nov . , (A R canal /

A D ED R AR HA PART D LI S TING OF ARCHIV L MATERIALS ERIV F OM M T L . S IMO NET T I’ S INVENTOR Y O F CANAL COMMISSI ONERS ’ MAP S IN THE PENNSYLVANIA S TA TE ARCHIVES (1 968)

PART I

JUNIATA DIVISION

d . BOX 3 1 830 1 841 n .

1 1 : Entry from Item c . {Great Line on Dividing Ridge Between Big and Little Juniata

d . S . 1 n . : Rivers}, hows Camp section

’ 1 d . : 1 1 : S n. S Entry from Item c . {Myer s pur}, hows Camps, Road to Hollidaysburg section

BOX 8:

1 -22 Ch ie fl of { y drawings for features on the Juniata Division Canal, some them

f r r. . o i executed by Theo Franks Eng neer Dewitt Clinton , J }

’

d . 1 Tow n . { } Plan of a Path Bridge at Duncan s Island,

4 2 . . 8 n . d S : { } Lock of Feet Lift, hows Elevation, Ground Plan sections

6 R s w n . 3 a to n . d . S : { } y Guard Lock, hows Elevation, Ground Plan sections

4 n. d . S : . 6 { } Outlet Lock, hows Elevation , Ground Plan sections

5 A n. d . S : . { } Proposed queduct at Duncans Island , hows Elevation , Ground Plan 3 sections

S d . : 6 A n . S { } Dam at ughwick Falls, hows Elevation , Ground Plan, ection of Dam ,

Cross Section . 6 sections

d . 6 7 S Ra stow n n . { } hute in Dam Below y Branch , sections

’

8 A 1 n . d . S : { } The Proposed queduct at Duncan s Island , Number , hows Elevation ,

S . 6 Ground Plan , Cross ection sections

1 1 2

n . d . 1 Guard Lock, section

n. d . 1 Feeder Drop Weir, section

S n . 1 . d top Gates, section

1 8 n . d . Gate and Irons for a Lock of feet lift, section

n d . 2 Locks, . sections

8 . 1 1 n . d . 2 . 3 Lock No Lift feet, sections

S . 4 8: 4 n d . 1 8 9 . Railing on ections No , section

1 1 n . d . S 8: S . heeting Planking of Culvert on ections No , Hollidaysburg, section

1 2 n . d . S : S . 4 on S N o . 5 Culvert of ft . span ection , hows pecifications section

1 S n. d . 1 8 1 Dam and lope, section, x

n. d . 1 Dam at Hollidaysburg, section

1 2 1 2 8: n . d . 1 . 3 3 Plan of Dams, Nos , , , , section

4 n. d . 1 4 . 5 on . Grand Mausoleum the Juniata , Dam No , J Criswell, Act , section

f o n . 6 n . d . 1 Plan Dar No , section

5 7 8 9 n. d . 1 Plan of Dams No . , , , , section

9 n. d . 1 Dam No . , section

1 n 0 . d . 1 Dam No . , section

1 1 n. d 1 Darn No . , . section

1 2 n . d 1 Dam No . , . section

1 n . 1 . 3 d . Darn No , section

1 4 n. d . 1 Dam No . , section

1 8: n . d . Tow Path Farm Bridge, section

N . 4 n S N 1 n . d 1 S o 3 o o . 0 . Farm Bridge ection , ection

d . 1 S . 1 n. Public Bridge on ection No at Hollidaysburg, section

T w - 4 1 o on S . 7 n. d . Path Bridge ection No , section

1 1 4 n . d . 1 Feeder Bridge, section

1 6 . S n. d . 1 Bridge with ft pan , section

’ f 2 2 n. d . : o . on S 5 . Bridge ection near Mr Lytle s, Reverse side Height Dam sections

- 1 T n . S . ow d . S : 30 . S Path Bridge, hows ft pan, Cross ection section

1 n. d . Feeder Bridge, section

1 d . w n. To N . o 3 . Path Bridge A mile above Williamsburg, section

n d . 2 Dam and Locks, . sections

Blank page .

Missing .

1 1 : 1 839 1 841

to Profile of Stone Mountain Line . Middle Route (Harrisburg Pittsburgh Rail A S S . . Road) . urveyed under the Direction of Charles L . chlatter, C E by John 41 F 1 of Ki sh ico uillas 1 8 . Roebling, Principal Assistant , rom mile, West Branch q

Creek to Manor Hill Town . 5 sections

n d . S . Middle Route . Proposed Route along the Juniata , Perrysville, . tation No

955 S 2 1 . S 1 8 . S N . 1 t . 25 No . No . 53 o 7 o to tation ections No , missing hows ’ Mifflin 8 Perry s Ville, , Canal . sections

1 : n . BOX 5 d .

A of set eleven surveys on the Juniata River and the Juniata Canal,

n d . Huntingdon Division, .

1 ’ ’ . n. d . 1 No From Halings to Mays , section

’ ’

. 2 S 1 n. d . No From teele s to Lyons , section

’ ’

. 3 f n d . 1 No From Dull s to Wake ields , . section

’

No . 4 to McV n a . d . 1 From Wakefields y, section

’

. 5 n d . 1 No From James Mitchell s to Galbraith , . section

. 6 G allow a f r n s o d . d . 1 No From beyond y , section

1 1 5 7 . A n. d . 1 No From Newton Hamilton to ughwick Valley, section

’

N . 8 o n . d . 1 Over Jacks Mountain , section

’

. 9 t o n. d . 1 No From Mill Creek Hares Run, section

N 1 0 S ’ o . Ra s t w n n. d 1 o . From mith s Mill to beyond y Branch , section

1 1 ’ . S n d . 1 . 8 1 3 No mith s Island , section, x

Eight Surveys of the Juniata River and the Juniata Division Canal descending ’ Mi in ffl n. d . past Little Buffalo Creek, Thompsontown, Bill s Island , , Mexico,

1 No . 1 4 n d 1 From to miles, . . section

N 2 . 1 2 n. 1 o 5 d . From to miles, section

1 . d . 1 3 3 to 1 8 n. No From miles, section

4 . 1 2 n 1 9 3 . d . S . No From to miles, hows Thompsontown section

. 4a 4 1 2 29 n. d . No From miles past Mexico to miles, section

’

. 1 5 i 4 n d . 30 Miffl n 3 . No From miles past , Bill s Island to miles, section

N 6 F . 4 o d . 1 35 to 0 n . rom miles, section

7 41 . d . 1 45 n . No From to miles, section

1 7: n . d .

Plans of Incidental Work on the Juniata Division .

A ’ B ri h fi l n . t e d s . d . S : (M queduct over g Run , hows Elevation, Ground Plan Cross S 2 ection . sections

b Ki h i ill n d : s co u as . . S { } Aqueduct over q Creek, hows Elevation , Ground Plan, S 2 Cross ection . sections

A S . c . 1 2 n . : S 9 d . S { } queduct on ection , hows Elevation, Ground Plan , Cross ection 2 sections

d d . : n. S { } Aqueduct at Newton Hamilton , hows Elevation , Ground Plan , Cross 2 Section . sections

A " : e . S S S n . d . { } queduct over tanding tone Creek, [at Huntingdon ] hows Elevation, S 1 Cross ection . section

1 1 6

d . 1 Tow A n . {y . } Path and Bridge butment, section

2 A . z n. d . S : i . i Bridge at Huntingdon , hows Elevation , butment sections

’ 2 a n. d . S : . t i Foot Bridge, hows Elevation , Ground Plan sections

’ 2 b n . d . S : . { } Farm Bridge, hows Tow Path, Center, Berm , Elevation, Ground Plan sections

Road from Perrysville to Turnpike and intersecting Canal 8: road from Mifflin

to Mexico . New Road Beginning at a post and from a Walnut tree on bank of

d . S : 8: 55 s . n. River North degrees, East p thence hows Courses distances, 1 Canal . section

{d ' } Road commencing near the house of William Watson at the Poor Spring and

d . : old n. S connecting with the road near the mouth of Big Buffalo Creek, hows F 2 Canal, erry . sections

'

d . : . S n . S Culvert at mith s Mill Race, hows Elevation, Ground Plan, End View 1 section

' ’ f . n . d . S : { } Culvert over Holiday s Run , hows Elevation, Ground Plan , End View 1 section

’ 1 S . 4 n . d . S : {g } Culvert of feet, hows Ground Plan , End View , Cross ection section h ’ S i 8 n. d . S : { } Culvert of feet, hows Ground Plan, Cross ection , Long tudinal

S . 2 ection , End View sections

S . 1 8 . S n. d . S : Culvert of ft pan , hows Wing Walls, Cross ection section

’ 1 S n . d . ection of Darn at North s Island , section

’ 1 E . n . d . S : Dam at Jack s Creek, hows levation, Ground Plan section

Ki h i : S s co uillas S . 1 n. d . S q Feeder ection, No , hows Dam , Cross ections,

S . . 2 luice , Mill Race Description sections

Ki h i ill V S V s co u as n . d . S : q Feeder Drop Weir, hows Back iew, ide iew of plank, S Cross ection through middle, Elevation of Bridge for Feeder, Ground Plan of 2 Bridge . sections

i Morris Canal Lock House, Farmington Canal Lock House, Virg nia Lock 1 d . : . n . S House, Erie Canal Lock House, hows Ground Plan section

1 d . S : . B . S n . Lock House , ide View, Front View, hows Ground Plan section

1 d . S : . A S n . Lock House . , ide View, Front View , hows Ground Plan section

1 1 8 1 7 1 n. d . 3 Morris Canal Lock House frame , section , x

d . n . 3 River Locks at Aughwick Falls, sections

2 n 1 No . . d . Lock , section

d . 1 Ra s tow n A n . For y and ughwick Guard Locks, section

2 n. d . Locks, sections

8: S n. d . S : luices at Aughwick Falls, hows Paddles, Front, Back Edge, Darn S Abutment, Elevation , Cross ection, Ground Plan , Protection Wall, Tow Path, 2 Tow . Tow Bridge and Apron , Guard Bank, Path sections

d . 2 S Mifflin 8: n . luice at Berm , sections

1 2 n. d . 1 . 8: . Waste Weir, No No , section

1 n d . S : . Waste Weir, . hows Construction section

2 1 a n d . { } Waste Weir, Elevation , . section

~ 2 9 S n . d . 2 0 } tone Waste Weir, sections

2 f S e n. d . S : S o S t } Waste Weir, hows Elevation, ections luice Gate, Cross ection of 2 S of S . Weir, Ground Plan , Transverse ection luice sections

1 846 :

A f S V Map o S . Branch of Juniata River urveyed with a iew to Location of

1 839. Eastern Reservoir, by William E . Morris, Civil Engineer, November ’ S : Saw S hows Furnace, Mill, ett s Mill, Distillery, Turnpike, Newry, Dam , 2 Feeder, Penna . Canal, Basin , Hollidaysburg . sections

S Wasteweir in Feeder, Eastern Reservoir, top Gates in Feeder, Eastern l h . i 0t Reservoir, William E Morris, Civil Eng neer . Exhibited at Letting, March 2 1 846 . sections

S 2 ketch of Weigh Lock at Huntingdon . sections

1 40 : . A 8 . S Map of Hollidaysburg and Gaysport, hows Penna Canal , llegheny

R. R . 8: . 1 Portage , Weigh Lock, Phila . Pittsburgh Turnpike section

d : n. . S Connection with the Portage Railroad, hows Gaysport, Hollidaysburg, to 2 Basin , Turnpike Pittsburgh, Waltersburg, Duncansville . sections

1 1 9 4 No . 8 S . 3 S . 4 n d 6 . . { } ection No to ection No , Hollidaysburg, Work S : 2 Map . hows Profile, Culverts, Viaduct, Basin . sections

BOX 23 1 825- 1 871 :

’ f S : f o n . d . o Line Canal through Huntingdon, hows Number lot, proprietor s 1 name, width , original depth, present depth, remarks . section

Map Exhibiting that Portion of Pennsylvania Traversed by the Surveys for a

continuous Rail Road from Harrisburg to Pittsburgh . Made under the Direction f B 1 1 4 o . S G . 839 8 0. Charles L chlatter, in the year and Drawn by Charles

94 St . . S : Cramer . Lithographed by J . T . Bowen, No . , Walnut , Philadelphia hows

R R. 4 and Canals in operation . sections

2 n d : . . 7 . . S No Plan of Hollidaysburg and Gaysport, hows Pa Canal : S Connections Basin , Upper Basin at Gaysport Boat lips, A 1 llegheny Portage Railroad . section

BOX 33 1 81 0 1 855:

Index (names only) Index and summaries of Deeds

Deeds from property- holders and administrators to the Commonwealth or the Board of Canal Commissioners for lots along several divisions of the F r f W2 - A2 1 2 o o 6 . 7 Pennsylvania Canal . surveys lock house lots, see laminated lu 1 3 s . sections, p parchment items

Index Index and summaries

Deeds from Property- holders and administrators to the Commonwealth or the Board of Commissioners for lots along several divisions of the Pennsylvania

1 2 - W2 - 2 S a . 6 . 8 8 1 857. Canal , For urveys of lock house lots see

1 20

d . S : S n. r Water treet Dam, hows Lock, Berm bank, Proposed Race, Towing Path, B idge, 2 1 . 8 0 . Turnpike sections, x each

S : . 2 8 1 0 . n. d . Locks at Alexandria, hows Locks, Proposed Race, Basin sections, x each

2 1 . n. d S : . 8 0 Petersburg Dam , . hows Lock, Pool sections, x each

’ w P 1 n d . Sh s z r ose d . 2 8 0 . . o o Piper s Dam , p Race, Lock sections, x each

n . d . S : . 2 Huntingdon Dam , hows Proposed Race, Lock, Road to Petersburg sections, 1 8 x 0 each .

2 n d . S : . Locks above Huntingdon , . hows Basin, Mill Race, Proposed Race sections, 8 1 0 x each .

Ra t w n . 2 s o m. d . S : Dam at y Branch, hows Proposed Race, Canal Feeder, Lock Guard 1 8 0 . sections, x each

2 1 n d . S : . 8 0 . Locks at Newton , . hows Proposed Race,, Basin sections, x each

2 1 . n d . S : . 8 0 Aughwick Dam , . hows Proposed Race, Locks and Canal sections, x each

n . d . S : i . Waynesburg Lock, hows Turnpike , Br dge, Proposed Race, Forge, Toll House 2 8 1 0 sections, x each .

1 . n. d . S : . 2 8 0 Three Locks, hows Basin, Proposed Race sections, x each

n . d . S : Lewistown Dam , hows Pier, Towing Path, Feeder, Lock, Turnpike, Proposed 2 . 1 8 0 . Race sections, x each

2 8 1 0 n d . S : . Norths Island Dam, . hows Proposed Race , Lock, Towing Path sections, x each .

f n. d . S : o Table, Name and Locality, hows Total Height, Length Canal Feeder, ’ 8 S . 2 Comparison with mucker s Dam , Comparison with Petersburg Darn sections, x 1 0 each .

PART II

WESTERN DIVISION

f of Profiles . Profiles o the summits of Eastern and Western Routes . Lockage

D . 8: . Eastern and Western Routes . rawn by Edward Thierry, Eng Draftsman 4 November 1 836 . sections

1 22 i S for v . . Dam and luice Western Reser oir, William E Morris , Civil Eng neer 2 l oth 1 846 . Exhibited at Letting, March sections

Map of the Western Reservoir for Pennsylvania Canal, Cambria County, 4 R S . . 1 853 . Pennsylvania , Alexander sections

BOX 5 1 828:

Profile of the Harrisburg and Pittsburgh Rail Road . Conemaugh Route as

. S . S of . S urveyed under the Direction Charles L chlatter Moylan Fox, Principal

A 1 40 : . 1 6 8 . S ssistant, hows Portage Rail Road sections

4. 8: . . Conemaugh Route No . (Harrisburg Pittsburgh Rail Road To near Bolivar) ’ 4 S : . . hows Lockport, Mill Dam , Penna Canal , Centreville, Roger s Mill sections

8: . Conemaugh Route No . 5 . (Harrisburg Pittsburgh Rail Road From Bolivar Saw S : . to Junction with the Middle Route) . hows Penna Canal, Blairsville, Old 2 4 1 8: . Mill , Dams No . sections

BOX 9 1 826

Map and Profile of the Proposed Route For a Railway 8: Canal From the Head of

f Ki ini 1 826 G . P . o s kim tas . S Juniata Canal to the Head Feeder urveyed by Olmsted , A 2 ssistant Engineer . sections

n d . 2 64 60 . From Head of Kiskiminetas Feeder, miles to Great Falls, miles, sections

60 n : S . d . S to 55 . From Great Falls, miles Roaring Run , miles, hows alt Works, Tavern 2 sections

w d . S : Sa 55 50 n . From Roaring Run , miles to Loyalhanna Creek, miles, hows Church, 2 Mill, Ferry . sections

S 2 0 4 n. : . 5 S 6 d . S S From altsburg, miles to Old alt Works, miles, hows alt deposits sections

S 4 ’ 2 6 n d . S : w . 38 . Sa From Old alt Works, miles to Altman s Run , miles, hows Mill sections

A ’ 38 4 n . : 3 . d S From ltman s Run , miles to Black Lick Creek, miles, hows Dam , Saw 2 Newport, Mill . sections

4 d 2 3 30 n . . From Black Lick Creek, miles to beyond Blairsville, miles, sections

0 ’ d . S : aw . 2 3 26 n . S From Moorheads, miles to beyond Tom s Run , miles, hows Mill sections

1 23 ’ 26 22 From beyond Tom s Run, miles to Chestnut Ridge beyond Roaring Run, miles,

d . 2 n . sections

d . S : 22 1 6 n. From Tub Mill Run, miles to beyond Reeds, miles, hows Old Forge, ’ 2 S . Richard s Falls, Horse hoe Bottoms sections

’

d . 2 1 6 to S 1 2 n. From beyond Reed s, miles beyond pruce Run , miles, sections

’

d . 2 S 1 2 to 8 n. From beyond pruce Run , miles Findley s Run , miles, sections

8 4 n . d . 2 From Cedar Rock, miles over Laurel Hill to miles, sections

4 t 1 n : . 1 Saw o . d . S From Laurel Hill, miles Johnstown , mile, hows Lock No , Mill, 2 Feeder . sections

2 n d . From beyond Johnstown to below Lick Hollow, . sections

2 S n. d . From before and beyond the outh Branch of the Conemaugh, sections

’ Cro l s 2 From y Mill to beyond Mountain Branch of the Conemaugh , sections

’

to n . d . 2 From Trout Run beyond Ben s Creek, sections

f ’ S o A n . d . 2 From ummit lleghenies to Bob s Creek, sections

A 2 n d . long north and south branches of Poplar Run, . sections

’ 2 n . d . From Dicky s to Newry, sections

f 2 to o n. d . From beyond Newry Head Juniata Run, sections

1 8 1 836 - 1 846 :

1 Index, sheet

n . d . 7 Map of the Ligonier Line of Canal , Western Division , sections

4 n 7 76 . d . 7 From miles to beyond miles, sections

F . 1 1 8: 2 No . 6 7 n . 7 to 80 . d . S : rom miles miles, hows Dams No , Lock section

80 to 83 n . d . S : . From miles past Bolivar beyond miles, hows Locks No

7- 1 2 w Sa . 1 . Mill section

- 1 1 . 1 No . 3 8 4 n d . S : 8 to 89 . From miles, Lockport miles, hows Locks section

1 24

of Map and Profile the Conemaugh River showing Dams, Locks and Estimate f r 1 1 2 4 o S . 6 1 7 n. d . ections No , , , , sections

BOX 1 9 1 824- 1 840

’ Plan and Profile of the Allegheny Mountain between the head waters of Blair s of Creek, a branch the Juniata , and the mountain branch of the Conemaugh with the proposed Tunnel Line connecting the two streams; and the Reservoir f 1 24 Tr zi uln . S o 8 . e and Feeders tate Pennsylvania , Jacob Holgate, Charles y y,

Trezi uln . S : James Clarke, Commissioners . Delineated by Charles y y hows S Tunnel Line, Routes of the Level and urvey, Routes of Feeders to Tunnel, 2 Roads . sections

BOX 2 1 1 826 1 839- 1 840:

1 Index, sheet

Map , Profile and Estimates for grubbing, of the Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh 2 n 4 S . 27 to No . 5 . d . Line, ections No , sections

1 No . . 1 6 1 27 to . 1 n . d . S : S . 3 From ection No No , hows Lock No , section

2 1 20 . 1 . 2 No . 6 n. d . S : . 7 to S . 3 3 No From ection No to , hows Locks No section

2 1 1 . 3 S . 7 41 n . d . S : No . . 3 . No From ection No to No , hows Lock section

4 . 3 . . 2 n . d . S : . 3 S No 48 . 5 No From ection to No , hows Dam No , Guard Lock No , ’ 1 Findlay s Island . section

Map and Profile of the East and West Lines for a Canal entering Pittsburgh , n d . . 1 2 1 . 1 . . NS c . 8 6 . 5 Attributed to Roberts, section , No

Inadvertently not listed here .

f o n . d . 9 Map the Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh Rivers (Lines), sections

1 1 . 33 36 n. d . S : No . No From miles to beyond miles, hows Dam , Culverts, Bridges, S 1 lack Water Navigation . section

- 2 . 1 . d . : 3 37 42 n . S No From miles to beyond miles, hows Warren, Locks No , 1 Culverts . section

4 4 n . d . 2 . 4. 1 3 to 6 . S : rn No N From miles miles, hows Da , Lock No section

4 47 1 . d . S : No . . 51 n . 3 No From miles to miles, hows Dam section

1 26 - 1 2 n . d . : . 5 8 . . 5 5 to S S No From miles altsburg, hows Ferry, Locks No , Waste Gate section

6 60 n . d . S : No . 9 No . 6 5 From miles to miles, hows Lock , Culvert, Waste Gate, 1 Aqueduct . section

- 1 0 1 . 7 6 1 67 n. d . S : . 3 No . From miles to miles, hows Locks No , Aqueduct, Tunnel No 1 4 . , Hydraulic Lime Factory, Culverts, Bridges, Livermore section

' 1 4- 1 68 2 n . d . : No . 7 . 8 7 S No From miles to miles, hows Locks , Campbell s Mill, Waste 1 . 5. Weir, Dam No section

No . 74 n. d . S : . . 9 5 No From Dam to miles, hows Blairsville, Hydraulic Lime Factory 1 section

1 826 Map and Profile of the Allegheny River from French Creek to the Kiskiminetas, ,

by James Geddes .

4- k t n . 2 26 . S 5 o . d . S : From Kis iminetas Kittanning, hows Locks No ection

A Map and Profile For a Canal Line or Slack Water Navigation Along the Allegheny

to Ki skiminita s 1 828 . River From French Creek as Examined in , By Edward F Gay, 2 Engineer . sections

- - . 90 22 . 2 93 n. d . S : No . 2 1 No 3 33 No XX From miles to miles, hows Dams , Locks ,

S A . 2 Allegheny Canal, Ferry, alt Well , Kiskiminetas Canal , queduct sections

Index (names only) Index and summaries of Deeds

Deeds from property - holders and administrators to the Commonwealth or the Board

of Canal Commissioners for lots along several divisions of the Pennsylvania Canal . For : W2 - 2 1 27 1 A 6 . 3 surveys of lock house lots, see laminated sections, plus parchment

items .

1 27 Index Index and summaries

Deeds from Property- holders and administrators to the Commonwealth or the Board of for of 1 828 Commissioners lots along several divisions the Pennsylvania Canal, 1 - 8 7. S W2 2 6 . 5 For urveys of lock house lots see : a .

Index

Tables of Contracts for many lines and divisions of the Pennsylvania Canal, showing

number of sections, names of contractors , slope walls, grubbing, puddling, shaping

road , etc .

d . n . 3 Ligonier Line, sections

A . k 8: . 7 llegheny Pine Creek, Kis iminetas Blairsville Line sections

o f 27 List Persons Employed on Western Division of the Pennsylvania Canal, May , 1 1 830. section

A Sketch of the route for the Great Canal by John Taylor from the south branch of ’

S n . d 2 Toby s Creek to the West Branch of the usquehanna and to the Conemaugh, sections

Ground Plot of the Town o f Sheffield on the Kiskiminetas River and Pennsylvania

n. d . 2 S : . . Canal, hows Penna Canal, Towing Path, Basin , Ferry section

BOX 44 1 841

S 1 841 . Maps, urveys and Notes on Western Division Canal,

d . 1 1 n . 8 0 Report, section , x

D - m . n f r D . 2 . 2 a 3 . d . S : o 3 No , hows Proposed Race, Locks, Pools ams No 8 1 0 sections, x each

1 n . 1 0 . d . S : . 2 8 Dam No , hows Proposed Race, Lock sections, x each

d . : . 2 8 n . S Freeport Lock, hows Lock, Basin , Proposed Race, Bridge sections, x 1 0 each .

1 28

B IB LIOG RAPHY

PRIMA RY S OURCES

Government Publications

n D : Tenth e sus o the United States: Trans ortation. C C f p Washington , Government Printing 1 8 f 83 . o . Office, This volume presented a brief history the Main Line canal construction

Newspapers

Alt na M rr r . A . . oo i o Logue, Thomas History of Old Portage Railroad (Pennsylvania) February

1 3 , 1 939.

I T m . ndiana i es Reid , Thomas R . Progressive Historian of Western Pennsylvania

1 1 2 . . 88 (Pennsylvania) March ,

S E CONDARY WORKS

A rt i c les

A of S Bishop , lvard L . Corrupt Practices Connected with the Building and Operation the tate

- of Y R 1 1 41 1 . ale ev iew . 5 39 Works Pennsylvania . (February The author explored the

ways by which contracts were awarded for the Main Line canal construction .

Blair Jacobs, Harry A . The Old Juniata Canal and Portage Railroad . In George A . Wolf . ed . ’ unt F r t Hu d r - 1 4 o A Pa . : 9 5. s i s n red Yea s 1 846 1 946 . C y , ltoona , The Mirror Press, This article presented a general account of the construction of the Juniata portion of the Main Line

canal .

Johnson , George, Earl Giles, and Ralph Michaels . Johnstown and the Pennsylvania Canal . P hn t n: Th t u ll . a . : . . o s ow e S or o a Uni e Va e In Karl Berger ed ] y f q y Johnstown , Johnstown

1 985 . Flood Museum , This work provided a general account of the Main Line canal

construction .

’ "’ Rubin , Julius . Canal or Railroad Imitation and Innovation in the Response to the Erie 1 7 Transa ti ns o the . . 5 c o Canal in Philadelphia , Baltimore, and Boston Vol , part of f m r P A e ican hil h l S 1 96 1 . oso ica Societ . : p y Philadelphia The American Philosophical ociety, The " Pennsylvania portion of this article also appears as An Imitative Public Improvement :

ls and American Economic . Cana The Pennsylvania Mainline, in Carter Goodrich, ed

evelo ment . on D p The author produced an excellent work the comparisons of the Boston, ’ Philadelphia , and Baltimore leaderships response to the Erie Canal . He concluded that the Philadelphia merchants made a mistake in supporting a canal system for their state f instead o a railroad .

1 30 A Wilson , William Bender . The Evolution , Decadence and Abandonment of the llegheny Annu l R rt th r tar Int rnal A airs o the ommonwealth Portage Railroad . In a epo of e Sec e y of e ff f C o Penns lvania or the Year Endin une 30 1 899 Part IV: Railroad anal Navi ation f y f g J , , , C , g , A 1 00. r h : . S 9 Tele a and Tele hone om anies . g p , p C p Philadelphia Wm tanley Ray, lthough the of author focused on the Allegheny Portage Railroad , he gave a general description the

Main Line canal construction .

B ooks

A Mc rum 8: 1 865. The Valle o the onemau h . C Chapman , Thomas J . y f C g ltoona , Pa Dern , The

author wrote a brief description of the Main Line canal .

’ R r Huberti s Penns lvania Board o anal ommissioner s eco ds . Cummings, M . y f C C Harrisburg, Pa

1 959. Bureau of Labor Records, Cummings presented the legislative acts and the

background of events leading to the Main Line canal construction .

'

S A H t l r unt . 2 : Pa . is or o B ai o . Davis, Tarring y f C y vols Harrisburg National Historical

A . 1 1 93 . ssociation, Inc , The author provided a useful general history of the Main Line

canal .

A Th r Am r n l : Th h k nd hi nd th P nns lvania . e G eat e ican a a s e esa ea e a o a e e Hulbert, rcher Butler C C p O y

l. ana 1 04. : . Co . 9 C Cleveland , Ohio The Arthur H Clark , Hulbert wrote a very interesting account of the events leading to the canal construction and the construction o f that water

way .

P n . . e ns lvania: olonial and Federal. 3 . : Jenkins , Howard M ed y C vols Philadelphia Pennsylvania

1 90 . . 3 Historical Publishing Assn , The author presented the background events leading to the Main Line canal construction .

McCullou h T n Y Pa . z h P nn lv ni M n Lin a al. . e e s a a ai e g , Robert and Walter Leuba y C ork, The 1 97 6 . American Canal and Transportation Center, This work included a general history

of the construction and Operation of the canal .

S Th . P nn l R e e s vania ailroad: Its ri ins onstruction ondition and onnections . ipes, William B y O g , C , C , C : 1 8 A 75. Philadelphia The Passenger Department, lthough the book dwelled on the

company history of the Pennsylvania Railroad , the author included a short section of the

Main Line canal .

The Main Line o the Penns lvania State Im rovements: Its Histor ost Revenue Ex enditures and f y p y, C , , p , Present and Pros ectiv V l e a ue. 1 : . . . 855. p Philadelphia T K and P . G Collins, Printers, This work provided a good account of the events leading to the canal and its construction o f including descriptions each division .

1 31 Report

S : Heberling, cott D . and Paul M . Heberling . Phase II Archaeological Investigation Mount 2 22 . . 1 1 S 001 . . 5 Union Bypass Project, T R , L R , ection , Huntingdon County, " f - Pennsylvania . Prepared for Pennsylvania Department o Transportation District 9 0 and A 1 988 . to Federal Highway dministration , As a background their archeological work, the authors provided a good history of the canal including a physical description of its

construction .

Unpublished Manuscrip t

H e in d er . S y g , Earl J Comprehensive History of the Pennsylvania Canal ystem , with Particular A : # 1 S Attention to the llegheny Portage Railroad , Portion Plane , taple Bend Tunnel and "

1 . 6 . S Long Level . June 99 in the Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic ite library Heydinger produced an excellent study with original research in the Board of Canal ’ Commissioners records .

1 896 . Watkins, J . E . The Portage Railroad and the New Portage Railroad . in the Allegheny i A Portage Railroad National Histor c Site library . lthough the purpose of this study was to provide an account of the Portage Railroad , the author did give some general

information on the canal .

’ Ma ster s Thesis

1 826 1 834. Pratt, Elizabeth Miller . The Building of the Pennsylvania Canal, Columbia

1 949. on University, Miller relied secondary sources and published Canal Commissioner h . S e reports did not research in the canal records .

1 32

Report

A : S . . . Heberling, cott D and Paul M Heberling Phase II rchaeological Investigation Mount 1 2 1 001 22 . . S . . 5 Union Bypass Project, T R , L R , ection , Huntingdon County, " of 9- 0 Pennsylvania . Prepared for Pennsylvania Department Transportation District and A As 1 988 . Federal Highway dministration , a background to their archeological work, the authors provided a good history o f the canal including a physical description of its

construction .

Unpublished Manuscript

H e din r S e . y g , Earl J Comprehensive History of the Pennsylvania Canal ystem , with Particular A A : # 1 S ttention to the llegheny Portage Railroad , Portion Plane , taple Bend Tunnel and "

S . 1 6 . A Long Level . June 99 in the llegheny Portage Railroad National Historic ite library Heydinger produced an excellent study with original research in the Board of Canal ’ Commissioners records .

1 96 . k . 8 Wat ins, J . E . The Portage Railroad and the New Portage Railroad in the Allegheny A Portage Railroad National Historic Site library . lthough the purpose of this study was to i provide an account of the Portage Railroad , the author did g ve some general

information on the canal .

Master’ s Thesis

1 2 1 4 8 6 83 . Pratt, Elizabeth Miller . The Building of the Pennsylvania Canal, Columbia 1 4 9 9. University, Miller relied on secondary sources and published Canal Commissioner

Sh . reports . e did not research in the canal records

1 32 ’ As o r c o o e D m of o o os of our the nati n s p in ipal c nservati n ag ncy, the epart ent the Interi r has resp nsibility for m t a o o i c u os e of our d n ti nally wned public lands and natural and cultural resources . Th s in l des f t ring wise use lan e o o our me and of our and wat r res urces, pr tecting fish and wildlife, preserving the environ ntal cultural values

a o a s o c o i for o m of o oo o . Th e n ti nal p rk and hist ri al places, and pr v ding the enj y ent life through utd r recreati n de partment assesses our ene rgy and mineral resources and works to ensure th at their development 1 5 i n th e s e of all our me o m o of Am r m i n be t inter sts people . The depart nt als pro otes the g als the Take Pride in e ica ca pa g by encouragi ng stewardship and citizen responsibility for the public lands and promoting citizen participati on n m u i i and in their care . The department also has a maj or responsibility for American Indian reservatio co m n t es for eo e w h o r o o . p pl live in island te rit ries under U S . administrati n

i i o o B oech er S k l Publ cat n serviceswere pr videdbyBeverly , visual information specialist, andJanet tic land, visua m o o of o G D D S C . inf r ati n technician, the Branch of Publicati ns and raphic esign of the enver ervice enter NPS D-63 February 1 993

r} GPO 775 73 U nited States D epartme nt of th e Interior 0 Nation al Park Se rv ice