UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Frances Perkins, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Isador Lubin, Commissioner ( on leave ) A . F. Hinrichs, Acting Commissioner

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Prison Labor in the United States 1940

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By R IC H A R D F. JONES, Jr. o f the Division of Construction and Public Employment HERMAN B* BYER, Chief

Bulletin ?s[o. 698

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1941

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. Price 30 cents

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F rances P e r k in s, Secretary

♦

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

I s a d o r L t j b i n , Commissioner ( o n l e a v e )

A . F . H i n r i c h s , Acting Commissioner

Donald H . Davenport, Chief, Employ­ Aryness Joy, Chief, Prices and Cost ment and Occupational Outlook of Living Branch. Branch N . Arnold Tolies, Chief, Working Con­ Henry J. Fitzgerald, Chief, Business ditions and Industrial Relations Management Branch Branch Hugh S. Hanna, Chief, Editorial and Sidney W. Wilcox, Chief Statistician Research

CHIEFS OF DIVISIONS Herman B. Byer, Construction and Charles F. Sharkey, Labor Law In­ Public Employment form ation J. M . Cutts, Wholesale Prices Boris Stern, Labor Information Serv­ W. Duane Evans, Productivity and ice Technological Developments Swen Kjaer, Industrial Accidents Stella Stewart, Retail Prices John J. Mahaney, Machine Tabula­ Lewis E. Talbert, Employment Sta­ tion tistics Robert J. Myers, Wage and Hour Statistics Emmett H . Welch, Occupational Out­ look Florence Peterson, Industrial Rela­ tions Faith M . Williams, Cost of Living

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Page Preface______vn Summary------1 Scope and method of study______2 Systems of work______3 Trends in prison population, employment, and production______6 Employment status of prisoners______10 Productive employment in relation to sex of prisoners______12 Scheduled weekly working hours______16 Type of industry______19 Type of production______21 Comparison of production in prisons and private industry______24 Sale of prison-made goods______27 Production under public works and ways system______29 Compensation to productively employed prisoners______32 Kind, quantity, and value of production______37 Appendix A.— General tables______53 Appendix B.— Index of items produced in State and Federal prisons_____ 281

List of Tables

T able 1.— Percent of prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons, 1885-1940, classified by systems of work__ 5 T able 2.— Value of production in State and Federal prisons, 1923, 1932, 1940, by systems of work______6 Table 3.— Prisoners under sentence and productively employed, and value^of production in State and Federal prisons, by State, 1923, 1932, and 1940______8 T able 4.— Indexes of prisoners under sentence, prisoners productively employed, and value of production in State and Federal prisons, by State, 1932 and 1940______9 Table 5.— Employment status of prisoners in State and Federal prisons, by State, 1940______11 T able 6.— Prisoners productively employed in individual State and Federal prisons, by sex, 1940______13 T able 7.— Scheduled weekly working hours of prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons, 1932 and 1940_____ 16 T able 8.— Percentage distribution of prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons, by State and scheduled hours per week, 1940______18 T able 9.— Prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons in each State, classified by type of work, 1940______20 T able 10.— Prisoners productively employed and value of production in State and Federal prisons, by type of production, 1932 and 1940______22

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Page T a b l e 11.—Value of production in State and Federal prisons in 1940, and in private industry in 1939______24 T a b l e 12.—Value of goods produced under State-account and piece-price systems in individual State prisons, sold inside and outside of State, 1940______27 T a b l e 13.—Prisoners productively employed and value of production under the public works and ways system in State and Federal prisons in each State, 1940______30 T a b l e 14.—Kind, quantity, and value of production in State and Federal prisons, by system of work, 1940______40 T a b l e A .—Kind, quantity, and value o f production in individual State prisons, by system of work, 1940______62 T a b l e B .—Kind, quantity, and value of production in individual Federal prisons, by system of work, 1940______262

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U nited States D epartment of L abor, B u reau of L abor Statistics, Washington, D . C., June 18, 1941. The S ecretary of L a b o r : I have the honor to transmit herewith a report on prison labor in the United States in 1940, which was made as the result of a joint resolution by the Congress authorizing the Bureau to collect informa­ tion on the quantity, kind, value, and disposition of all goods produced in Federal and State prisons. It is a continuation of similar studies of prison labor made by the Bureau periodically since 1885, the last previous study having been made in 1932. A. F. H inrich s, Acting Commissioner. Hon. F rances P e r k in s, Secretary of Labor.

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Pursuant to a request of the Congress, the Bureau of Labor Statis­ tics has recently completed a survey of prison labor in State and Federal prisons of the United States. Similar surveys have been made at intervals of 8 or 10 years since 1885. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the quantity and value of the several kinds of articles produced or work done by prisoners during the 1940 fiscal year, together with the system under which the goods were pro­ duced or disposed of, and the number of prisoners so employed. The survey was directed and the report prepared by Richard F. Jones, Jr., under the general supervision of Herman B. Byer, chief of the Bureau’s Division of Construction and Public Employment. The Bureau wishes to express its appreciation to the various State and Federal officials, as well as their office personnel, for their whole­ hearted assistance and courteous reception of the Bureau’s agents. Acknowledgment for valuable suggestions is also extended to the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the Bureau of the Census, and the Division of Statistical Standards.

VII

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United States Bureau of Labor Statistics

Prison Labor in the United States, 1940

Sum m ary

The various systems under which State and Federal prisoners have been employed and the disposal of the goods produced in prisons have for many years received the active attention of organized labor, prison authorities, manufacturers, legislators, and others familiar with prison problems. There has been strong opposition to the sale of prison-made goods on the open market in direct competition with the products of free labor. Those States which wished to restrict the inflow of prison- made products were hampered in their efforts by the fact that, under the Constitution, control of the interstate transportation of goods rests in the hands of the Federal Government. In i929, however, Congress passed the Hawes-Cooper Act, which divested prison-made goods of their interstate character and thus enabled any State to prohibit within its borders the sale of goods made in the prisons of other States. This act became effective in 1934. In the years immediately following the enactment of the Hawes-Cooper Act, a large majority of the States restricted, by law, the sale and movement of prison products. The Ashurst-Sumners Act, which became effective in 1935, ma­ terially strengthened the Hawes-Cooper Act and also supplemented State prison-labor legislation. It prohibited the transportation of prison products into any State in violation of the laws of that State. In 1940, the Congress went one step farther and enacted legislation, to be effective in October 1941, which, with certain exceptions, prohibits the transportation into any State of prison goods made in another. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has made surveys of prison labor at 8- or 10-year intervals since 1885. A comparison of the 1940 survey with that for 1932 shows the changes which have occurred in the amount of prison labor and the volume and character of production since the Hawes-Cooper and Ashurst-Sumners Acts became effective. The average number of prisoners under sentence in State and Federal prisons increased from 158,947 in 1932 to 191,776 in 1940. During the same period, the average number of prisoners productively employed changed but slightly from 82,276 to 83,515. Thus, the proportion of all prisoners productively employed decreased from 52 1

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percent in 1932 to 44 percent in 1940. Contractors employed less than 1 percent of those productively employed in 1940, as compared with 16 percent in 1932. Furthermore, in 1940 only 12 percent of the employed prisoners produced goods which were sold for State account on the open market, in contrast to 19 percent in 1932. Approximately 88 percent of the productively employed prisoners in 1940, as against 65 percent in 1932, were engaged in constructing or improving public property and in producing goods for use within the same institution or for sale to other State or Federal institutions or departments. The decrease in the proportion of productively employed prisoners was accompanied by a 25-percent drop in the value of prison produc­ tion— from approximately $75,369,000 in 1932 to $56,732,000 in 1940. The average annual value of product per employed prisoner declined from $916 in 1932 to $679 in 1940, or 26 percent. A majority of the prisoners without productive employment in 1940 (constituting 36 percent of all prisoners) were assigned to maintenance duties. Six percent of the total prison population attended school as a major daily assignment, 8 percent were sick or otherwise unavailable for work, and 6 percent were available for work but had no duties provided. To offset losses in revenues and to alleviate the grave problem of idleness among prisoners, various solutions have been tried. Among the most effective have been surveys of State-use markets, the creation of prison-industry boards, commissions, or corporations, and State legislation tending toward compulsory purchase of prison goods by State agencies. Federal institutions and State institutions of 27 States (12 of which employed salesmen) reported that in 1940 they made some attempt to promote the sale of prison-made goods. Typical of the methods reported are the circulation of catalogs and the coor­ dination of prison production with the needs of State purchasing officers. Scope and Method of Study

The 1940 survey* included 125 State and 25 Federal prisons; in addition, 3 county prisons and 1 city prison, which by arrangement with their respective States house State prisoners, were included with the State prisons. These totals included 2 State prisons (the reformatories for women in Arkansas and Rhode Island) and 1 Fed­ eral prison (the prison camp in the State of Washington) which had no productive activity in 1940, but excluded 6 Federal prisons which were not in operation during a major portion of the fiscal year. The coverage was complete therefore, for all Federal and State prisons for adults which were in operation during the major part of the fiscal year.1 Although all figures in the survey covered a 12-month period end-

1 For a complete list of the prisons surveyed, see table 6. To simplify tabulation and analysis, the penal institutions of the District of Columbia have been considered as State institutions.

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ing in 1940, the end of the fiscal year occurred in different months in the various prisons. The 129 institutions housing State prisoners terminated the fiscal year on the following dates: 6 prisons, May 31; 87 prisons, June 30; 7 prisons, September 30; 10 prisons, November 30 ; and 19 prisons, December 31. All data for Federal prisons covered the fiscal year ending June 30, 1940, except those for farm products which were reported for the year ending November 30, 1940. Agents of the Bureau visited each of the 154 institutions covered and personally examined the records and interviewed the prison authorities. The figures on production were in most cases obtained from the books, invoices, or other records of the institutions and referred to the quantities produced during the year covered. Allowance was made for sales in excess of production, and inventory increases were estimated on the basis of average selling prices during the fiscal year. In some cases, where goods were transferred from the shops to the steward’s department within the same institution at net cost of materials, the Bureau’s agents in conference with prison officials substituted a market value based upon such factors as (a) the prison’s sale price for identical or similar articles, (b) the current wholesale price of the commodity on the local market, and (c) the current whole­ sale price in the nearest city for which data were available. The value of construction projects covered only that portion con­ structed dining the fiscal year. Valuations were usually based upon appraisals by highway commissions, engineers, State appraisers, or private appraisers employed by the State. The production data include some unavoidable duplications. For instance, wheat which is reported under farm production may be processed into cereal and bran and reported under grist-mill produc­ tion. Part of this latter product may be fed to livestock which in turn shows an inventory increase on the prison records. Sugarcane may be included under farm production and again, after being proc­ essed, as sirup and raw sugar.

Systems of Work Over the period since 1885, when the Bureau conducted its first sur­ vey of prison labor, prison-made goods have been produced under six systems of work. A description of the various systems follows. State-use system .—Under this system, an institution conducts a business of manufacture or other production, but the use or sale of the product is limited to the same institution or to some other State or Federal institution or department. Such other State institution or department may be under the control of the State proper or any of its minor subdivisions. This system also covers the sale of goods to an institution of another State. The principle of the State-use system is to

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make the prison product available to public institutions but to avoid direct competition with free-labor products. Public works and ways system .— This system is, in effect, the same as the State-use system, the only difference being in the character of the work performed. The public works and ways system applies not to consumption goods, but to the construction and repair of prison and other public buildings, roads, parks, bridges and to such kindred work as flood control, reforestation, and land clearance. This work is all of a more or less permanent character as distinguished from purely maintenance and repair work. State-account system.—Under this system the prison operates a man­ ufacturing business or other productive enterprise and disposes of the product on the general market in competition with goods produced by free labor. If the business is one of manufacturing, the institution buys the raw material, sells the finished product, and assumes the business risks in the same way as a private manufacturer. However, the product may be disposed of in part under the State-use system and in part under the State-account system. To illustrate, part of the flour and bran milled in a prison from wheat it has raised may be consumed within the institution and the rest sold on the open market. Contract system.— Under this system an outside contractor contracts with the institution for the labor of prisoners at a stipulated amount per capita per day. The institution houses, feeds, and guards the prisoners, and the contractor furnishes the raw materials and generally his own foremen, machinery, and tools. Piece-jprice system.— This system differs from the contract system in only one respect: The contractor pays the institution on the basis of an agreed price per unit of product rather than per unit of labor. Lease system .—Under this system, which is no longer operative in State and Federal prisons, the prison enters into a contract with a lessee who agrees to receive, feed, clothe, house, and guard the prison­ ers, and to pay the State a stipulated amount per day per man. Two distinct trends in prison labor are apparent from the Bureau’s surveys. First, the systems of work which permitted the exploitation of the prison population for private gain have practically disappeared. Second, the proportion of prisoners productively employed has decreased consistently. In 1885, 74 percent of the prisoners productively employed were working primarily for the benefit of private contractors. Table 1 indicates the steady decrease in this percentage through the years. The lease system, the most condemned of all, had disappeared by 1923. In 1940 no prisoners were foimd working under the contract system and iess than 1 percent were employed under the piece-price system. Inversely, the percentage of productively employed prisoners work­ ing under those systems wherein the State exerts all control and

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receives all benefits has risen from 26 percent in 1885 to slightly less than 100 percent in 1940. Moreover, efforts to restrict open-market sales and direct competition with free labor have been reflected in a sharp decrease in the percentage of inmates working under the State- account system. True, there was an upswing between 1905 and 1914 caused by the understandable and oftentimes necessary efforts of authorities to offset the losses in revenue resulting from the large decrease in the number of prisoners employed under the three con­ tract systems. But, as restrictive State statutes began to appear in increasing numbers, it was generally recognized that the complete adoption of the two types of State-use systems should be the ultimate goal. As a result, in 1940 only 12 percent of the productively employed prisoners were engaged in producing goods for sale to other than public institutions and agencies. The percentage of the employed prisoners producing exclusively for public use rose from 26 percent in 1905 to 88 percent in 1940, having jumped 23 percent since 1932. Unfortunately, this commendable effort to supplant all other systems by the State-use aud public works and ways systems has resulted in a very marked decrease in the number of employed prisoners. Whereas in 1885, 75 percent of all prisoners incarcerated in State and Federal prisons were productively employed, in 1940 only 44 percent were so engaged.

T a b l e 1 .— Percent of Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons , 1 8 8 5 -1 9 4 0 , Classified by Systems of Work

Percent of prisoners productively employed systems oi worK. 1885 1895 1905 1914 1923 1932 1940

All systems____ - ______100 100 100 100 100 100 100 S tate-use_...... - ______1 ( 18 22 36 42 59 Public works and ways______1 126 i 33 1 8 11 19 23 29 State-account ______l 21 31 26 19 12 Piece-price______8 14 8 6 7 11 (a) Contract______*______40 34 36 26 12 5 0 Lease______26 19 9 4 0 0 0 Percent of all prisoners under sentence engaged in productive labor...... 75 72 65 (3) 61 52 44

1 No separation made of State-account, State-use, and public works and ways system in this year. > Less than 1 percent. • Not reported. The ascendancy of the two types of State-use systems at the expense of those under which goods flow to the open market is strikingly shown in table 2 also. The value of production under the former systems rose from approximately 38 percent to 84 percent of the total between 1923 and 1940, while the value of goods produced under the latter systems declined from a high of 62 percent to a low of 16 percent. Especially significant is the curtailment in the production volume, in the two types of contract shops, to only half of 1 percent of the total value in 1940.

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The value of State-use products was 61 percent higher in 1940 than in 1932. The rate of increase was faster during this period than between 1923 and 1932. A drop of almost $8,500,000 in the value of road construction in 4 Southern States—Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Virginia—was primarily responsible for the noticeably large de­ crease in the value of public works and ways construction between 1932 and 1940.

T a b l e 2 .— Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons , 1 9 2 3 , 1932, a n d 1 9 4 0 , b y Systems of Work

Value of commodities produced Percent of total value Systems of work 1923 1932 1940 1923 1932 1940

All systems...... $76,096,960 $75, 369, 471 $56,731,654 100.0 100.0 100.0 State-use...... 13,753, 201 21,260,411 34,159, 572 18.1 28.2 60.2 Public works and ways...... 15,331, 545 25,159,152 13,448,838 20.1 33.4 23.7 State-account...... 16,421,878 12,367,646 8,823, 266 21.6 16.4 15.6 Piece-price...... — 12, 340,986 10, 522, 200 299,978 16.2 14.0 0.5 Contract...... 18, 249, 350 6,060,062 0 24.0 8.0 0

Trends in Prison Population , E m p loym en t, and Production

The prison population of the State and Federal institutions surveyed increased 88 percent between 1923 and 1932 and 126 percent between 1923 and 1940, according to figures in tables 3 and 4. The correspond­ ing increases since 1923 in the estimated total population of the United States were 12 percent by 1932 and 18 percent by 1940. The number of persons under sentence in these prisons had in 1940 reached a point where it approximated 1 in every 500 of the total population 16 years of age and over. Despite efforts to spread the work and to establish new outlets for prison products, the indexes of prisoners productively employed and of value of production do not reflect the increases in the number under sentence. In fact, although there was little change in the value of production between 1923 and 1932, the value of 1940 production was only 75 percent of that in 1923. A greater increase in the number of prisoners productively employed than in the total prison population indicates a more extensive use of available prisoners, but a greater increase in value of output than in number employed denotes a more intensive use of those employed. In State prisons of only two States—New Jersey and Oregon—were there increases between 1932 and 1940 in both the percentage employed and the value of product per employed prisoner. In all other States, either employment failed to keep pace with population or production failed to keep pace with employment. In every State there were increases in State prison populations between 1923 and 1932 which ranged from 5 percent in Wyoming to

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193 percent in the District of Columbia. In 1940 only 2 States— Rhode Island and Wyoming—had fewer State prisoners than in 1923, but 15 States had a smaller penal population than in 1932. State institutions in 6 States in 1932 and in 15 States in 1940 employed a smaller number of prisoners than they did in 1923. There were 28 States which furnished productive work to fewer inmates in 1940 than in 1932. Between 1923 and 1932, 17 States, led by Idaho, showed a greater percentage increase in prisoners productively employed than in the total under sentence, while between 1923 and 1940 the indexes indicate that only 9 States accomplished this same result. Losses in the value of products suffered by State prisons in 22 States from 1923 to 1932 were largely offset by the gains made by those in the other States, resulting in a net loss for all State prisons of only 3 percent. The real depression in State prison production is vividly brought to light in the data for 1940: between 1923 and 1940 a loss in total commodity values of over 33 percent was sustained. Production in 1940 was below the 1923 level in 28 States and failed to reach the 1932 volume in 35 States. However, 12 States produced at least 50 percent more in 1940 than in 1923; and for 7 of these—the District of Columbia, Idaho, Louisiana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, and Texas— the gain was more than 100 percent. Reference to table 3 reveals that in the period 1923-1940 the State prisons in 13 States suffered production losses of over $1,000,000 each, which aggregated more than $31,000,000. Gains of over $1,000,000 each occurred in North Carolina, Louisiana, and Texas. The total inmate population of the Federal prisons covered in the 1940 survey was almost 3K times that of the Federal prisons covered in 1923, but the number of prisoners productively employed rose only 95 percent in the same period. However, the value of product per employed prisoner increased to such an extent that there was a gain in total value of 219 percent between 1923 and 1940. The value of product per employed prisoner in 1940 was almost 80 percent higher in Federal than in State institutions. Data in table 3 show the great expansion in the number and locations of Federal institutions since 1923. In that year there were included in the survey 3 prisons in 3 States, in 1932 there were 12 prisons located in 9 States, and in 1940 there were 25 prisons distributed among 20 States. In consequence of this extensive building program, there have been numerous transfers of prisoners and changes in pro­ duction facilities. Indexes by States under these circumstances lack significance and have accordingly been excluded from table 4.

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T a b l e 3.— Prisoners Under Sentence and Productively Employed, and Value of Produc­ tion in State and Federal Prisons , b y S ta te, 1 9 2 3 , 1 9 3 2 , a n d 1 9 4 0

Average number of Average number of prisoners under prisoners productively Value of commodities produced sentence employed State

1923 1932 1940 1923 1932 1940 1923 1932 1940

Total, State and Federal prisons----- 84,761 158,947 191,776 51,799 82,276 83,515 $76,096,960 $75,369,471 $56,731,654

State prisons

All States...... 79,350 145,421 173,284 48,336 77,267 76, 775 $73,668,879 $71,306,061 $48,995,818 Alabama...... 2,988 4,837 6,940 2,553 3,763 5,002 6,153,387 5, 525,751 2,595,089 Arizona______383 591 812 56 225 206 69, 573 262,116 120,404 Arkansas...... 1,295 1,425 2,161 1,053 867 1, 313 300,623 232,409 427,649 California...... 3,841 7,675 8,843 2,541 4,394 4,105 1,463,332 2,651,567 1, 760,266 Colorado______1,003 1, 369 1,690 795 354 773 922, 378 137,187 412,202 Connecticut...... 916 1, 378 1,198 528 738 392 2,421,119 698,804 371,935 Delaware______350 527 501 245 312 183 431,661 226,018 68, 394 District of Columbia. 539 1, 580 2,909 220 676 1,166 297,479 712,020 747, 500 Florida______1,426 2,786 3,691 1,028 1, 739 2,423 2,199,796 2,205,647 869,964 Georgia______3,822 4,197 5,035 3,698 3,328 3,222 5,084,188 4,962, 727 1,373.678 Idaho...... 280 307 406 42 203 60 20,045 198,613 40,824 Illinois...... 4,450 10,453 12, 776 2,531 4,577 3,773 1,320,687 2,030,032 1, 583,135 Indiana...... 2,946 6, 309 5,765 1,369 3,780 2,517 1, 702,369 2,233,989 1,642,653 Iowa...... 1,851 2,904 2,580 1,400 1,988 1,173 2,051, 389 2,721,769 855, 355 Kansas...... 1, 225 2, 731 2,485 881 1,326 999 807,453 657,364 488,943 Kentucky...... — 2,043 3, 575 4,731 1,695 2,407 442 6,961,220 3,115,445 441,802 Louisiana______1, 596 2,782 3,127 1,110 1,644 1,980 257,992 979,230 1,335,900 Maine...... 338 515 691 278 152 407 454,154 33,435 141,865 Maryland______1,495 2,586 2,856 1,212 1,341 906 2, 771,143 2,099,867 1,034,613 Massachusetts______1,964 3, 586 4,135 966 1,781 1,801 1,161,921 2,002,267 1,830,223 Michigan...... 3, 381 9,735 9,187 2,110 4,164 2,294 3,637,829 4,203, 736 1,879,327 Minnesota______1,488 2,449 2,638 875 1, 321 1,362 2,664,253 2,989,332 3,299,415 Mississippi...... 1, 572 2,104 2,610 1,252 1, 370 2,058 779, 571 393,663 639,066 Missouri-...... 2,828 4,981 4,482 1,813 2,222 1,424 4,426,097 3,103,964 1, 387, 709 Montana...... ___ 340 615 523 119 107 120 71,874 194,853 78, 506 Nebraska...... 805 1,212 1,140 627 830 512 677,947 866,226 527,100 Nevada______147 255 260 30 74 17 22, 769 71,473 16, 549 New Hampshire____ 138 179 267 100 140 205 218, 000* 186, 577 127,287 New Jersey______1,850 3,349 3,633 503 1,421 1, 397 409, 363 1,210, 588 1,224,044 New Mexico...... 399 560 657 193 263 274 37,175 59,217 85,242 New Y o rk ...... 6, 512 11,485 16,906 2,395 4,321 4, 315 1,789, 397 3,780, 581 2,712,861 North Carolina l 1,102 2,877 9,748 935 1,834 7,930 1,638,233 805,211 3,265,842 North Dakota...... 220 417 308 122 197 172 374,448 436,967 354,496 Ohio ...... 4,128 8,941 . 9,669 1, 751 3,886 3,256 1, 323, 291 2,290,190 1,626,360 Oklahoma______2,051 4,117 4,087 1,271 2,064 2,108 1,940, 751 979, 592 1,234,364 Oregon...... 424 851 1,033 163 352 453 129,402 265, 301 524, 593 Pennsylvania...... 4,336 6,314 7,054 987 2,148 2,269 1,148,163 2,492,075 1,958,508 Rhode Island______570 657 416 329 421 127 1,458,471 464,788 70,519 South Carolina...... 537 1,142 1, 376 452 459 505 381,302 393,797 393,586 South Dakota______309 524 399 232 405 138 267, 731 528,415 241,472 Tennessee______1,691 2,941 3,254 1, 359 2,063 1,871 2,120,055 1,609,161 1,124,486 Texas...... 3,744 5,550 6,687 2,749 4,462 4,138 925,291 1,371, 572 3,145,725 Utah...... 188 312 412 39 37 135 86,847 16, 573 89,912 Vermont______344 430 364 243 266 140 615,280 291,816 114,271 Virginia...... 1,439 3, 719 4,404 857 2,944 3,460 2,303,610 3,828,290 2,180,105 Washington______1,094 1,976 2,269 302 566 875 215,604 368,684 320,051 West Virginia______1,645 2,642 2,712 1,281 1, 555 921 2,879, 329 2, 592, 545 1,195,138 Wisconsin______1,188 2,554 3,063 782 1,502 1,262 2, 558, 562 1, 565,052 919,813 Wyoming...... 399 420 394 264 278 194 1, 716, 325 259, 565 117,077

Federal prisons

All States J-_ ...... 5,411 13,526 18,492 3,463 5,009 6,740 $2,428,081 $4,063,410 $7,735,836 Alabama______208 12 22,850 Arizona _ 151 92 219,189 California—. ______529 826 199 223 194,064 170, 787 Florida...... 259 142 123. 716 Georgia...... 2,479 3,526 3,112 2,066 1,626 1,399 1,992, 779 1,566,898 2,036,977 Idaho...... 145 88 68,061 Kansas...... 2,454 4,993 4,092 1,270 1,440 1,614 283,943 1,236, 758 2,404. 026 See footnotes at end of table.

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T a b l e 3.— Prisoners Under Sentence and Productively Employed , and Value of Produc­ tion in State and Federal Prisons , b y S ta te, 1 9 2 3 , 1932, a n d 1 9 4 0 — C ontinued

Average number of Average number of prisoners under prisoners productively Value of commodities produced State sentence employed

1923 1932 1940 1923 1932 1940 1923 1932 1940

Federal prisons—Continued

Louisiana...... 397 14 $11,107 Michigan______586 170 104,238 Minnesota______333 84 47,015 Missouri...... 794 61 47,482 New Hampshire___ 301 100 134 2 $78,238 842 New York______283 53 28,187 Ohio...... 1,625 1,407 666 520 349, 595 458,106 Oklahoma...... 1,132 537 541,950 Pennsylvania______1,570 636 720,201 South Carolina 3___ 147 40 29,137 Texas______507 165 75,251 Virginia______1,020 832 458 245 131,430 132,290 Washington______478 943 1,052 127 285 356 $151,359 410, 351 215,008 West Virginia...... 442 706 161 327 66,939 307,653

i Road camps not included in 1923 and 1932. 5 Includes 3 prisons in 3 States in 1923; 12 prisons in 9 States in 1932; and 25 prisons in 20 States in 1940. s Parris Island discontinued as naval prison in 1933.

T a b l e 4 .— Indexes of Prisoners Under Sentence, Prisoners Productively Employed , a n d Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons , b y S ta te, 1932 and 1940 1 [1923 = 1 00 .0 ]

Average num­ Average num­ ber of prisoners ber of prisoners Value of pro­ under sentence productively duction State employed

1932 1940 1932 1940 1932 1940

Total, State and Federal prisons...... 187.5 226.3 158.8 161.2 99.0 74.6 State prisons...... 183.3 218.4 159.9 158.8 96.8 66.5 Alabama...... - ...... 161.9 232.3 147.4 195.9 89.8 42.2 Arizona...... 154.3 212.0 401.8 367.9 376.7 173.1 Arkansas------110.0 166.9 82.3 124.7 77.3 142.3 California...... - ...... 199.8 230.2 172.9 161.6 181.2 120.3 Colorado,...... - ...... 136.5 168.5 44.5 97.2 14.9 44.7 Connecticut...... 150.4 130.8 139.8 74.2 28.9 15.4 Delaware...... 150.6 143.1 127.3 74.7 52.4 15.8 District of Columbia...... 293.1 539.7 307.3 530.0 239.4 251.3 Florida...... 195.4 258.8 169.2 235.7 100.3 39.5 Georgia...... 109.8 131.7 90.0 87.1 97.6 27.0 Idaho.------109.6 145.0 483.3 142.9 990.8 203.7 Illinois...... 234.9 287.1 180.8 149.1 153.7 119.9 Indiana...... 214.2 195.7 276.1 183.9 131.2 96.5 Iowa...... 156.9 139.4 142.0 83.8 132.7 41.7 Kansas...... 222.9 202.9 150.5 113.4 81.4 60.6 Kentucky------175.0 231.6 142.0 26.1 44.8 6.3 Louisiana...... 174.3 195.9 148.1 178.4 379.6 517.8 Maine...... 152.4 204.4 54.7 146.4 7.4 31.2 Maryland...... 173.0 191.0 110.6 74.8 75.8 37.3 Massachusetts-—______182.6 210.5 184.4 186.4 172.3 157.5 Michigan...... 287.9 271.7 197.3 108.7 115.6 51.7 Minnesota...... — 164.6 177.3 150.9 155.7 112.2 123.8 Mississippi...... 133.8 166.0 109.4 164.4 50.5 82.0 Missouri— ...... 176.1 158.5 122.6 78.5 70.1 31.4 Montana...... 180.9 153.8 89.9 100.8 271.1 109.2 Nebraska...... 150.6 141.6 132.4 81.7 127.8 77.7 Nevada...... 173.5 176.9 246. 7 56.7 313.9 72.7 New Hampshire--. ^...... — 129.7 193.5 140.0 205.0 85.6 58.4 New Jersey...... 181.0 196.4 282.5 277.7 295.7 299.0 New Mexico...... 140.4 164.7 136.3 142.0 159.3 229.3 See footnotes at end of table. 408102°—42------2

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T ab le 4.— Indexes of Prisoners Under Sentence, Prisoners Productively Employed , a n d Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons , b y S ta te, 1932 and 1940 — Con.

Average num­ Average num­ ber of prisoners ber of prisoners Value of pro­ productively duction State under sentence employed

1932 1940 1932 1940 1932 1940

State prisons—Continued. New York______176.4 259.6 180.4 180.2 211.3 151.6 North Carolina2______261.1 884.6 196.1 848.1 49.2 199.4 North Dakota...... _...... 189.5 140.0 161.5 141.0 116.7 94.7 O h io...______216.6 234.2 221.9 186.0 173.1 122.9 Oklahoma------200.7 199.3 162.4 165.9 50.5 63.6 Oregon...... 200.7 243.6 216.0 277.9 205.0 405.4 Pennsylvania...... 145.6 162.7 217.6 229.9 217.0 170.6 Rhode Island...... 115.3 73.0 128.0 38.6 31.9 4.8 South Carolina...... - ...... 212.7 256.2 101.5 111.7 103.3 103.2 South Dakota...... 169.6 129.1 174.6 59.5 197.4 90.2 Tennessee...... - ...... - ...... 173.9 192.4 151.8 137.7 75.9 53.0 Texas...... 159.8 192.5 162.3 150.5 148.2 340.0 Utah...... 166.0 219.1 94.9 346.2 19.1 103.5 Vermont...... 125.0 105.8 109.5 57.6 47.4 18.6 Virginia...... 258.4 306.0 343.5 403.7 166.2 94.6 Washington...... 180.6 207.4 187.4 289.7 171.0 148.4 West Virginia...... 160.6 164.9 121.4 71.9 90.0 41.5 Wisconsin...... 215.0 257.8 192.1 161.4 61.2 36.0 W yom ing...... 105.3 98.7 105.3 73.5 15.1 6.8 Federal prisons...... 250.0 341.7 144.6 194.6 167.4 318.6

1 Computed from figures in table 3. 2 Road camps not included in 1923 and 1932.

Employment Status of Prisoners Of 173,284 State prisoners under sentence in 1940, 76,775, or 44 percent, were productively employed. This ratio ranged from 7 per­ cent in Nevada to 81 percent in North Carolina. In only 15 of the States shown in table 5 were more than 50 percent of the prisoners employed in this manner. Of these employed prisoners 10,056, or 13 percent, were engaged in producing goods to be sold for State account, this percentage being exceeded in only 20 of the individual States. The piece-price system utilized the services of but 308 prisoners in 2 States—Florida and South Carolina. In Federal prisons 36 percent of the 18,492 inmates were assigned to productive work, all of which was carried on under the State-use and public works and ways systems. Prison duties or maintenance work were assigned to 35 percent of all State prisoners in 1940, as compared with 47 percent of those in Federal prisons. Various authorities estimate that in the average penal institution, not more than 25 percent of the inmates are actually needed for this type of work. Some form of supervised schooling was reported in the State prisons of 37 States and in the Federal institutions of 8 States in 1940. Although 7 percent of all State prisoners attended school, only about 1 percent of the Federal prisoners did. These data include only those convicts to whom school was a major daily assignment. In addition, many prisoners in both State and Federal prisons subscribe to corre-

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spondence-school courses which may also be used by other inmates.2 The proportion of idle prisoners was twice as high in State as in Federal institutions in 1940, the percentages being 6 and 3, respec­ tively.3 On the other hand, 13 percent of all Federal prisoners were sick or otherwise unavailable for work as contrasted with 8 percent of all State prisoners.

T ab le 5.— Employment Status of Prisoners in State and Federal Prisons , by State, 1940

Average number of prisoners under sentence

Productively employed under indi­ Sick cated systems of work En­ State A t­ or Total gaged tend­ other­ Public in ing wise Idle Total State- prison school un­ em­ State- works ac­ Piece- duties avail­ ployed use and price ways count able

Total, State and Federal prisons...... 191,776 83,515 48,814 24,337 10,056 308 68,894 11,868 16,519 10,980

State prisons

All States...... 173,284 76, 775 44,345 22,066 10,056 308 60,268 11,673 14,127 10,441 Alabama______6,940 5,002 1,690 2,465 847 1,601 333 4 Arizona______812 206 152 54 516 24 66 Arkansas ______2,161 1, 313 699 34 580 560 11 277 California______8,843 4,105 2,176 691 1,238 4, 277 30 342 89 Colorado______1,690 773 605 81 87 696 31 70 120 Connecticut______1,198 392 359 11 22 644 108 49 5 Delaware______601 183 121 10 52 259 59 District of Columbia__ __ 2,909 1,166 937 229 1,461 282 Florida...... 3, 691 2, 423 369 1,966 20 68 541 93 634 Georgia______5,035. 3,222 294 2,893 35 1,428 4 381 Idaho______406 60 57 3 120 42 21 163 Illinois _ 12,776 3,773 3,327 119 327 6,701 968 821 513 Indiana______5,765 2, 517 1,989 107 421 2, 474 87 614 73 I o w a ______2,580 1,173 880 106 187 1,129 123 143 12 Kansas______2,485 999 851 4 144 1,309 66 106 5 Kentucky______4, 731 442 311 119 12 1, 324 1,102 102 1,761 Louisiana______3,127 1,980 1, 478 70 432 1,019 128 Maine______691 407 271 8 128 221 43 20 Maryland______2,856 906 630 273 3 658 339 200 753 M assachusetts______4,135 1,801 1,801 1, 743 248 308 35 Michigan ______9,187 2, 294 2,100 12 182 3, 574 1, 795 949 575 Minnesota ___ 2, 638 1, 362 427 49 886 910 254 104 8 Mississippi______2, 610 2,058 730 1,328 358 194 Missouri______4,482 1,424 783 84 557 1,838 98 410 712 Montana ______523 120 120 274 82 47 Nebraska______1,140 512 441 60 11 361 125 30 112 N evada 260 17 17 101 8 15 119 New Hampshire 267 205 201 3 1 57 5 New Jersey______3,633 1,397 1,326 71 1,498 182 274 282 New M exico______657 274 175 10 89 223 12 148 New York ______. 16,906 4,315 3,676 639 6, 262 2,581 2,354 1,394 North Carolina______9,748 7,930 695 7,202 33 1,118 700 North Dakota 308 172 71 17 84 91 11 34 Ohio ______9,669 3, 256 3, 212 14 30 3,201 979 1,998 235 Oklahoma ______4,087 2,108 1,862 58 188 1,664 149 166 Oregon...... 1.033 453 183 77 193 443 27 110

2 According to information supplied by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, during the fiscal year ending June 30.1940, there was in educational activities in Federal penal and correctional institutions an average regis­ tration of 6,700 prisoners and 7,937 enrollments. The enrollments were divided as follows: Academic classes 2,268, vocational classes 883, special unit courses 1,487, correspondence courses 3,299. As shown on table 3, the average daily population of these institutions for the year 1940 was 18,492. Therefore, approximately 36 percent of Federal prisoners were registered in educational activities during the fiscal year ending June 30.1940. 3 Due to the practice of assigning more than 1 person to a job in both Federal and State prisons, the amount of idleness in prisons in the United States in 1940 was undoubtedly far greater than the 6 percent for State prisons and the 3 percent for Federal prisons found in the assignment sheets would indicate. See also discussion on p. 12.

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T a b l e 5.— Employment Status of Prisoners in State and Federal Prisons , b y S ta te, 1 9 4 0 — Continued

Average number of prisoners under sentence

Productively employed under indi­ Sick cated systems of work En­ State At­ or gaged tend­ other­ Total Public in wise Idle Total State- prison ing un­ em­ State- works Piece- duties school use and ac­ price avail­ ployed ways count able

State prisons— Continued Pennsylvania______7,054 2,269 1,935 334 2,206 1, 554 330 695 Rhode Island______'416 127 127 214 16 24 35 South Carolina ______1, 376 505 200 65 240 472 33 140 226 South Dakota______'399 138 41 40 57 98 18 20 125 Tennessee______3, 254 1,871 1,266 595 10 920 162 100 201 Texas______6'687 4,138 2,‘658 215 1,265 2,036 20 493 Utah...... - 412 135 74 57 4 123 29 20 105 Vermont ______364 140 112 28 79 6 33 106 Virginia______4,404 3,460 1,009 2,393 58 726 3 215 Washington______2,269 875 715 158 2 951 16 160 267 West Virginia______2,712 921 212 709 475 166 1,150 Wisennsin 3,063 1,262 886 20 356 1,179 277 127 218 W yom ing______394 194 94 9 91 135 10 24 31 Federal prisons

All States______18,492 6,740 4,469 2,271 8,626 195 2,392 539

Alabama ______208 12 12 1 172 20 4 Arizona ______151 92 92 54 4 1 California______826 223 146 77 472 115 16 Florida______259 142 17 125 79 38 Georgia______3,112 1,399 1,181 218 1,189 4 319 201 Idaho______145 88 11 77 42 13 2 Kansas ______4,092 1,614 1, 374 240 1,906 40 508 24 Louisiana ______-_____ 397 14 14 221 120 37 5 Michigan______1______586 170 114 56 260 156 Minnesota ______333 84 84 210 38 1 Missouri______794 61 18 43 494 7 217 15 New Hampshire 100 2 2 63 3 32 New York______283 53 53 129 49 52 Ohio______1,407 520 323 197 697 172 18 Oklahoma ______1,132 537 209 328 458 4 106 27 Pennsylvania______1, 570 636 465 171 751 14 166 3 Texas______507 165 87 78 249 1 47 45 Virginia______832 245 90 155 389 5 117 76 Washington______1,052 356 151 205 473 210 13 West Virginia______706 327 214 113 318 57 4

i Including an average of 115 men assigned to general maintenance work at Maxwell Field.

P roductive E m ploym ent in R elation to S ex of P risoners Productive employment was less common for female than for male prisoners in State institutions in 1940. As shown by figures in table 6, only 26 percent of the females in State prisons were productively employed, whereas 45 percent of the male prisoners were so engaged. Of the 54 State institutions housing women, 23 provided no produc­ tive work. However, in 6 States—Alabama, Iowa, Nebraska, Texas, Vermont, and Wisconsin—the percentage of women employed exceeded the average ratio for men of 45 percent. The Virginia State Penitentiary and Convict Road Force— with 83 percent— led all State institutions in the ratio of men employed. It was followed closely by 6 other prisons in each of which m ore than three-fourths of the male prisoners were productively engaged. The institutions for the crim inally insane, owing to the natural lim itations placed upon them , employed the lowest percentages of inmates.

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In Federal prisons the ratio of females productively employed (37.1 percent) slightly exceeded that of males (36.4 percent). Only 2 Federal institutions reported woman prisoners, however. Of the individual prisons, the Federal Prison Camp at Mill Point, W. Va., furnished employment to the greatest percentage of inmates, while the U. S. Naval Prison at Portsmouth, N. H., employed only 2 men out of a total of 100.

T a b l e 6.— Prisoners Productively Employed in Individual State and Federal Prisons, b y S e x , 194 0

Average number of prisoners under sentence Males Females

State and institution Productively Productively employed employed Total Total Per­ Per­ Num­ cent of Num­ cent of ber total ber total

Total, State and Federal prisons. 184, 527 81, 534 44.2 7,249 1,981 27.3

State prisons

All State institutions...... 166, 650 75,022 45.0 6,634 1,753 26.4 Alabama: State Prison System...... 6,575 4, 745 72.2 365 257 70.4 Arizona: State Prison______806 206 25.6 6 0 0 Arkansas: State Penitentiary...... 2,023 1,313 64.9 42 0 0 Reformatory for Women..______96 0 0 California: State Prison at Folsom...... 3,058 1,204 39.4 State Prison at San Quentin...... 5, 594 2,835 50.7 State Institution for w om en...... 191 66 34.6 Colorado: State Penitentiary...... 1,446 637 40.5 20 0 0 State Reformatory...... 224 136 CO. 7 Connecticut: State Prison and Farm for Woraen______207 66 31.9 State Prison...... 717 222 31.0 State Reformatory...... 274 104 38.0 Delaware: Sussex County Prison...... 114 70 61.4 5 0 0 New Castle County Workhouse______359 105 29.2 23 8 34.8 District of Columbia: D. C. Penal Institutions. 2,744 1,145 41.7 165 21 12.7 Florida: State Prison______3, 534 2, 361 66.8 157 62 39.5 Georgia: State Prison System...... 4,858 3,222 66.3 177 0 0 Idaho: State Penitentiary...... 398 60 15.1 8 0 0 Illinois: State Penitentiary...... 5,847 1,491 25.5 State Penitentiary, Menard Branch...... 3,018 1,013 33.6 State Penitentiary, Pontiac Branch...... 2, 535 792 31.2 State Reformatory for Women...... 260 111 42.7 State Farm...... 1,116 366 32.8 Indiana: State Reformatory...... 1,792 801 44.7 State Prison...... 2, 650 935 35.3 Women's Prison...... 131 21 16.0 State Farm...... 1,192 760 63.8 Iowa: The Men's Reformatory...... 1,119 452 40.4 State Penitentiary...... 1,390 675 48.6 Women’s Reformatory...... 71 46 64.8 Kansas: State Industrial Reformatory____...... 625 170 27.2 State Penitentiary______1.785 817 45.8 State Industrial Farm for Women...... 75 12 16.0 Kentucky: State Reformatory...... 3,089 278 9.0 State Penitentiary______1, 529 158 10.3 State Reformatory (Women)...... 113 6 5.3 Louisiana: State Penitentiary...... 2.997 1.926 64.3 130 54 41.5 Maine: State Prison...... 431 351 81.4 State Reformatory for M e n ...... 136 38 27.9 State Reformatory for Women______124 is 14.5

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T a b l e 6.— Prisoners Productively Employed in Individual State and Federal Prisons , b y S e x , 1 9 4 0 —Continued Average number of prisoners under sentence Males Females Productively Productively Stato and institution employed employed Total Per­ Total Per­ Num­ cent of Num­ cent of ber total ber total

State prisons—Continued Maryland: House of Correction______1,262 278 22.0 84 0 0 State Penitentiary______1,156 346 29.9 1 0 0 State Penal Farm______353 282 79.9 Massachusetts: Reformatory for Men______992 460 46.4 369 109 29.5 State Prison. ______819 556 67.9 858 349 40.7 State Farm______1,097 327 29.8 Michigan: State Reformatory______1,328 401 30.2 State Prison of Southern Michigan _ _ _. ______5,427 1,385 25.5 State House of Correction and Branch Prison______765 137 17.9 Detroit House of Correction______429 226 52.7 272 92 33.8 Ionia State Hospital______883 53 6.0 83 0 0 Minnesota: State Prison______1,341 994 74.1 State Reformatory ______1,226 342 27.9 State Reformatory for W om en______71 26 36.6 Mississippi: State Penitentiary______2,489 2, Oil 80.8 121 47 38.8 Missouri:* State Penitentiary______3,923 1,252 31.9 76 0 0 Intermediate Reformatory for Young Men ______483 172 35.6 Montana: State Prison______518 120 23.2 5 0 0 Nebraska: State Penitentiary______708 270 .38.1 State Reformatory for Men. ______235 135 57.4 State Reformatory for W om en______40 21 52.5 Genoa State Farm______157 86 54.8 Nevada: State Prison...... 259 17 6.6 1 0 0 New Hampshire: State Prison...... 263 205 77.9 4 0 0 New Jersey: State Prison...... _ _ ...... 1,160 355 30.6 State Prison Farm—Bordentown _ . . . _ ____ 577 168 29.1 State Prison Farm—Leesburg______233 110 47.2 State Reformatory for Women______311 128 41.2 State Reformatory—Rahway______874 432 49.4 State Reformatory—Annandale.______478 204 42.7 New Mexico: Penitentiary of New Mexico______652 274 42.0 5 0 0 New York: Albion State Training School______397 51 12.8 Attica Prison...... 2,230 788 35.3 Auburn Prison______1,675 669 39.9 Clinton Prison...... 2,073 684 33.0 Dannemora State Hospital _ _ 546 24 4.4 Elmira Reformatory______. .... 1,686 248 14.7 Great Meadow Prison______1,418 284 20.0 Institution for Male Defective Delinquents . . . 1,006 240 23.9 Matteawan State Hospital...... 1,296 65 5.0 210 0 0 Sing Sing Prison___ 2,764 1,049 38.0 Wallkill Prison...... 454 54 11.9 Westfield State Farm (Reformatory for Women) ...... 268 26 9.7 Westfield State Farm (Prison for Women)...... 209 63 30.1 Woodbourne Institution for Defective Delinquents 674 70 10.4 North Carolina: State Prison System...... 9,549 7,857 82.3 199 73 36.7 North Dakota: State Penitentiary _ 308 172 55.8 Ohio: Reformatory for Women...... 271 46 17 State Penitentiary...... 3,816 1,186 31.1 State Reformatory______2,764 1,168 42.3 London State Farm.!...... 1,672 689 41.2 Lima State Hospital...... 980 149 15.2 166 18 10.8 Oklahoma: State Penitentiary...... 3,305 1,701 51.5 81 0 0 State Reformatory 701 407 58.1 Oregon: State Penitentiary______1,022 453 44.3 11 0 0 Pennsylvania: Eastern State Penitentiary 1,290 344 26.7 New Eastern State Penitentiary 1,966 504 25.6 Industrial Sehool 1,348 340 25.2 "Western State Penitentiary1,169 426 36.4 New Western State Penitentiary 992 572 57.7 State Industrial Home for Women...... 289 83 1 28.7

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T a b l e 6.— Prisoners Productively Employed in Individual State and Federal Prisons, by Sex, 1940 —Continued

Average number of prisoners under sentence

Males Females

State and institution Productively Productively employed employed Total Total Num­ Per­ Num­ Per­ ber cent of cent of total ber total

State prisons-—Continued Rhode Island: Reformatory for Women...... 22 0 0 State Prison...... 270 100 37.0 Reformatory for Men...... 124 27 21.8 South Carolina:' State Penitentiary______1,281 505 39.4 95 0 0 South Dakota: State Penitentiary...... 399 138 34.6 Tennessee: State Penitentiary...... 1,842 906 49.2 109 33 30.3 Brushy Mountain Penitentiary...... 866 584 67.4 Ft. Pillow State Farm...... I___...... 437 348 79.6 Texas: State Prison System...... 6, 565 4,049 61.7 122 89 73.0 Utah: State Prison__J...... 412 135 32.8 Vermont: State Prison and House of Correction for Men__...... 335 124 37.0 Women's Reformatory...... _ _...... _ 29 16 55.2 Virginia: State Industrial Farm for Women...... _ . 143 37 25.9 State Penitentiary and Convict Road Force...... __ 3, 810 3,178 83.4 State Farm_____1...... 451 245 54.3 Washington: State Penitentiary...... 1,577 549 34.8 29 0 0 State Reformatory______663 326 49.2 West Virginia: State Penitentiary...... 2,484 816 32.9 77 0 0 State Medium Security Prison...... 151 105 69.5 Wisconsin: Central State Hospital for the Insane...... 315 45 14.3 State Prison for Women______96 47 49.0 State Prison______1, 673 746 44.6 State Reformatory...... 552 255 46.2 Milwaukee County House of Correction...... 425 169 39.8 2 0 0 Wyoming: State Penitentiary______314 154 49.0 Industrial Institute______80 40 50.0

Federal prisons

All Federal institutions______17, 877 6, 512 36.4 615 228 37.1 Alabama: Federal Prison Camp______208 12 5.8 Arizona: Federal Prison Camp ______151 92 60.9 California: Federal Correctional Institution...... 422 75 17.8 60 14 23.3 U. S. Naval Prison______60 14 23.3 U. S. Penitentiary ______. 284 120 42.3 Florida: Federal Correctional Institution______259 142 54.8 Georgia: U. S. Penitentiary...... 3,112 1,399 45.0 Idaho: Federal Prison Camp______145 88 60.7 Kansas: U. S. Penitentiary...... 2,966 1,463 49.3 U. S. Penitentiary Annex _ . . . ______1,126 151 13.4 Louisiana: Federal Detention Headquarters______397 14 3.5 Michigan: Federal Correctional Institution.. ____ ... 586 170 29.0 Minnesota: Federal Correctional Institution______333 84 25.2 Missouri: Medical Center for Federal Prisoners . . . 794 61 7.7 New Hampshire: U. S. Naval Prison __ . _ 100 2 2.0 New York: Federal Detention Headquarters . ______283 53 18.7 Ohio: Federal Reformatory...... 1,407 520 37.0 Oklahoma: Federal Reformatory...... 1,132 537 47.4 Pennsylvania: U. S. Penitentiary...... 1,570 636 40.5 Texas: Federal Correctional Institution ._ ___ 507 165 32.5 Virginia: Federal Reformatory...... 832 245 29.4 Washington: Federal Prison Camp______96 0 0 U. S. Penitentiary______956 356 37.2 West Virginia: Federal Prison Camp______151 113 74.8 Federal Reformatory for Women______555 214 38.6

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Scheduled W eekly W orking H ours

The term “working hours,” as used in this survey, means the total num ber of hours per week that a prisoner remains at his assigned post of duty. In m ost cases, he actually works to som e purpose all of these hours. In some instances, however, the prisoner m ay be engaged at his duties only a part of the assigned hours. For example, although dairymen and poultry tenders m ay have widely separated starting and stopping times, there m ay be intervals during the day when they will be caught up with their duties and will have leisure tim e. Som e­ tim es, in an effort to spread the work, the num ber of prisoners assigned to a given shop will exceed the am ount of m achine equipm ent available for their use. In such cases the men take turns at tending the m a c h i n e r y . Hours worked by productively employed prisoners tended to be lower in 1940 than in 1932. In 1940, 60 percent of the employed prisoners in State and Federal institutions worked 44 hours or less per week; in 1932 this percentage was 55. Table 7 shows that in 1932 the greatest concentration of prisoners (44 percent) was in the range of hours from 44 to 48, inclusive, but in 1940 almost an equally large proportion worked from 36 to 44 hours, inclusive. In 1932, 22 per­ cent of the prisoners were assigned to work for 60 hours or more per week; in 1940 the proportion with these hours had dwindled to 5 percent. Since State prisons housed over nine-tenths of all productively em ployed prisoners in both 1932 a n d 1940, they established the trend in hours of work observed above for all prisons. In State institutions the greatest concentration of prisoners in 1940 (41 percent) appeared in the range from 36 t o 44 hours, inclusive, although another notice­ ably large group (25 percent) worked 49 but less than 54 h o u r s p e r w e e k . During the period 1932-1940 there was a notable reduction in the working hours of Federal prisoners. Whereas in 1932, 67 percent of the productively employed worked 44 hours or more, in 1940, 97 percent worked less than 44 hours.

T a b l e 7.— Scheduled Weekly Working Hours oj Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons, 1932 and 1940

1932 1940

Average Average Scheduled hours per week number number produc­ Percent produc­ Percent tively em­ tively em­ ployed ployed

State and Federal prisons______82,276 100.0 83,515 100.0 Under 24 hours______1,099 1.4 173 .2 24 and under 32 hours______1,343 1.6 6,854 8.2 32 and under 36 hours______6,833 8.3 6,642 8.0 36 and under 40 hours...... 4,134 6.0 8,899 10.7

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T a b l e 7 .— Scheduled Weekly Working Hours of Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons , 1932 and 1940 —Continued

1932 1940

Scheduled hours per week Average Average number number produc­ Percent produc­ Percent tively em­ tively em­ ployed ployed

State and Federal prisons—Continued. 40 and under 44 hours______6, 407 7.8 17.663 21.1 44 hours______25,680 31.2 9,427 11.3 45 and under 48 hours------1,969 2.4 1,094 1.3 48 hours______8,246 10.0 2,087 2.5 49 and under 54 hours______1,366 1.7 19,031 22.8 54 hours______5,194 6.3 508 .6 55 and under 60 hours______2,101 2.6 6,773 8.1 CO hours______17,869 21.7 4,245 5.1 Over 60 hours—-...... 30 (') 119 .1 State prisons...... 77, 267 100.0 76,775 100.0 Under 24 hours...... 1,099 1.4 173 .2 24 and under 32 hours...... 1,343 1.7 6,151 8.0 32 and under 36 hours—...... 6,838 8.9 5,488 7.1 36 and under 40 hours...... 3,870 6.0 7,829 10.2 40 and under 44 hours...... 5,023 6.5 14,081 18.3 44 hours...... 22,572 29.2 9,427 12.3 45 and under 48 hours...... 1,969 2.6 863 1.1 48 hours...... 8,206 10.6 2,037 2.7 49 and under 54 hours...... 1,193 1.6 19,031 24.9 54 hours...... 5,181 6.7 508 .7 65 and under 60 hours...... 2,074 2.7 6,773 8.8 60 hours...... 17,869 23.1 4,245 5.5 Over 60 hours...... 30 0) 119 .2 Federal prisons...... 5,009 100.0 6,740 100.0 24 and under 32 hours______703 10.4 32 and under 36 hours. ______1,154 17.1 36 and under 40 hours...... 264 5.3 1.070 15.9 40 and under 44 hours...... 1,384 27.6 3,582 53.2 44 hours______3,108 62.0 45 and under 48 hours. ______231 3.4 48 hours______40 .8 49 and under 54 hours.______173 3.5 54 hours______13 .3 55 and under 60 hours______27 . 5 60hours ...... Over 60 h o u rs.._____ .... ______

1 Less than a tenth of l percent.

Examination of table 8 indicates that in 38 States the majority of the productively employed prisoners in State institutions worked 44 hours or less per week in 1940. In 10 other States more than 88 percent of the prisoners were assigned working hours in excess of 48. Most of the latter were employed on farms. It is apparent from the wide distribution of hours that in most cases there has been very little attempt to establish any uniformity of hours even within a State. In general, shop workers are assigned relatively short hours and road and farm workers receive the longer tours of duty. Reports showed variations in hours among the different shops of individual prisons and, in some States, among comparable shops in separate prisons. Data covering Federal prisons, on the other hand, reflect a policy of uniformity in hours. In most cases, all prisoners in a State worked identical hours in 1940. The small groups in Georgia and Pennsyl­ vania assigned to more than 44 hours were employed on farms.

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T a b l e 8 .— Percentage Distribution of Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons , by State and Scheduled Hours per W eek , 1 9 4 0

Aver­ Percent of prisoners whose scheduled weekly working hours were— age num­ ber of prison­ 24 32 36 40 45 49 55 State ers Un­ and and and and and and and pro­ der un­ un­ un­ un­ 44 un­ 48 un­ 54 Over To­ duc­ un­ 60 60 tal tively 24 der der der der der der der em­ 32 36 40 44 48 54 60 ployed

State and Federal prisons______83, 515 0.2 8.2 8.0 10.7 21.1 11.3 1.3 2.5 22.8 0.6 8.1 5.1 0.1 m o

State prisons

All States______76,775 0.2 8.0 7.1 10.2 18.3 12.3 1.1 2.7 24.9 0.7 8.8 5.5 0.2 100.0 Alabama. _ 5,002 2.7 2.4 .7 94.2 100.0 Arizona.. '206 87.9 9. 2 2.9 100.0 Arkansas___ 1,313 .8 99.2 100.0 California 4,105 3.9 47.8 29.8 5.4 13.1 100.0 Colorado. __ 773 1.6 80.8 17.6 100.0 Connecticut__ 392 41.6 24.2 7.1 11.5 .3 9.7 2.0 3.6 100.0 Delaware 183 26.8 35.0 38.2 100.0 District of Colum- bia______1,166 1.8 98.2 100.0 Florida______2, 423 .3 99.7 100.0 Georgia. _ 3, 222 100.0 100.0 Idaho______60 il.7 88.3 100.0 Illinois___ __ .. 3, 773 64.5 0) 28.2 4.8 1.6 .4 .5 100.0 Indiana______2, 517 .8 31.2 28.6 35.5 3.0 .9 100.0 Iow a...... __ . 1,173 24.3 43.3 32.4 100.0 Kansas______999 28.4 1.0 50.0 15.0 .3 5.3 100.0 Kentucky____ 4421|------____ 35.7 64.3 100.0 Louisiana______1,980 100.0 100.0 Maine______407 80.4 8.8 2.0 6.1 2.7 100 0 Maryland...... 906 57.3 39.8 2 9 100 0 Massachusetts____ 1, 801 23.1 1.7 17.3 53.2 2.1 .8 .6 .6 .6 100.0 Michigan______2, 294 4.1 59.3 1.8 9. 2 21.2 4.4 100.0 Minnesota. _ 1,362 18.4 72.9 1.9 6.8 100.0 Mississippi______2,058 2.3 97.7 100.0 Missouri______1,424 87.9 12.1 100.0 Montana______120 64.2 35.8 100.0 Nebraska______512 55.3 16.8 20.7 7.2 100.0 Nevada______17 100.0 100.0 New Hampshire. __ 205 11.7 88.3 100.0 New Jersey_____ 1,397 74.7 6.2 .5 14.2 3.2 1.2 100.0 New Mexico.__ 274 100.0 ' 100.0 New York. __ 4,315 10.4 50.5 35.2 .3 1.2 .9 .4 .9 . 2 100 0 North Carolina___ 7,930 .3 99.7 100.0 North Dakota___ 172 100.0 100.0 Ohio______3, 256 1.9 3.2 38.1 56.8 100.0 Oklahoma______2,108 100.0 100.0 Oregon...... 453 43.3 56.7 100.0 Pennsylvania____ 2,269 .2 34.0 12.0 20.5 3.4 29.9 100.0 Rhode Island__ 127 74.8 18.9 1.6 4. 7 100. 0 South Carolina___ 505 20.0 32.9 47.1 100.0 South Dakota__ 138 100.0 100.0 Tennessee______1, 871 12.2 68.9 .3 18.6 100.0 Tfixas 4,138 1.4 98.6 100.0 U tah... . 135 100.0 100.0 Vermont______140 40.7 11.4 5.0 42.9 100.0 Virginia__ 3,460 1.1 88.8 3.0 7.1 100.0 Washington_____ 875 37.3 62.7 100.0 W est Virginia 921 82.2 11.4 6.4 100.0 Wisconsin.. 1, 262 20.7 79.3 100.0 Wyoming 194 57.2 20.6 22.2 100.0

i Less than a tenth of 1 percent.

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T a b l e 8 .— Percentage Distribution of Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons , by State and Scheduled Hours per Week , 1 9 4 0 —Continued

Aver­ Percent of prisoners whose scheduled weekly working hours were— age num­ ber of prison­ 24 32 36 40 45 49 55 State ers Un­ and and and and and and and pro­ der un­ un­ un­ un­ 44 un­ 48 un­ 54 un­ 60 Over To­ duc­ der der 60 tal tively 24 der der der der der em­ 32 36 40 44 48 54 60 ployed

Federal prisons

All States 6,740 10.4 17.1 15.9 53.2 3.4 100.0 Alabama 12 100.0 100.0 Arizona _ __ 92 100.0 100.0 California._____ 223 39.9 53.8 6.3 100.0 Florida _ 142 100.0 100.0 Georgia 1,399 15.6 72.5 11.9 100.0 Idaho 88 100.0 100.0 Kansas______1,614 13.8 86.2 100.0 Louisiana 14 100.0 100.0 Michigan 170 100.0 100.0 Minnesota... 84 loo. 6 100.0 Missouri 61 37.7 62.3 100.0 New Hampshire. 2 100.0 100.0 New Y o rk _____ 63 100.0 100.0 Ohio...... 520 100.0 100.0 Oklahoma______537 100.0 100.0 Pennsylvania_____ 636 26.9 63.0 10.1 100.0 Texas______165 100.0 100.0 Virginia.. 245 100.0 100.0 Washington____ _ 356 63.2 36.8 100.0 West Virginia ... 327 34.6 12.2 53.2 100.0

T ype of Industry

Of all inmates productively employed in State and Federal prisons in 1940, 40 percent were engaged in manufacturing industries, 29 percent in construction activities, 26 percent in farming and kindred land-use work, and 5 percent in mining and quarrying. Although employment in State prisons as a whole followed these ratios closely, there were wide variations among the individual States shown in table 9. The proportions of prisoners employed at manufacturing in 1940 ranged from 2 percent in North Carolina to 91 percent in Rhode Island. Seven Southern States, with extensive construction and farming programs each utilized less than 12 percent of its prisoners at manufacturing. Only 2 States, Rhode Island and Minnesota, assigned more than 80 percent of their prisoners to this type of work. North Carolina led all States in 1940 in both the number and per­ centage of convicts working on construction, practically all of which was road work. Nineteen States reported fewer than 25 men so engaged. Five Southern States—Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas— dominated the farming picture, each employing more

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than 1,000 inmates at this pursuit in 1940. Mining and quarrying, with few exceptions, were rather unimportant insofar as the number of prisoners employed was concerned. Only 3 States—Kansas, Ten­ nessee, and West Virginia—operated coal mines. In other States, such as California, where the man-year quarry production was valued at only $30 in 1940, prisoners were assigned to the quarry more as a disciplinary or safekeeping measure than as a matter of full-time employment. Federal prisons operated no mines or quarries, and did relatively little farming and land development in 1940. As a whole, these in­ stitutions assigned 52 percent of their employed prisoners to the manufacturing shops and 34 percent to construction work. Georgia and Kansas accounted for 64 percent of all Federal prisoners assigned to manufacturing. Federal prisons in 3 States failed to use prisoners on construction work, and in the remainder an average of 134 con­ victs per State was engaged in this type of activity.

T a b l e 9.— Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons in Each S ta te, Classified by Type of Work , 1 9 4 0

Average number of prisoners productively employed

State Manufac­ Construc­ Farming Mining Total turing and land de­ and quar­ tion velopment rying

Total, State and Federal prisons. 83,515 33,640 24, 337 21,664 3,874

State prisons

All States... 76, 775 30,117 22,066 20, 718 3,874 Alabama___ 5,002 1,015 2,465 1,522 ______Arizona____ 206 31 54 121 ______Arkansas__ 1,313 76 34 1,203 ______California -.. 4,105 2,302 691 312 800 Colorado___ 773 146 81 226 320 Connecticut. 392 232 11 149 ...... Delaware______183 61 10 112 District of Columbia. 1,166 625 229 312 Florida______2,423 176 1,966 281 Georgia______3,222 138 2,893 191 Idaho-...... 60 7 53 Illinois------3,773 2,163 119 619 872 Indiana. _. 2,517 1,815 107 410 185 Iowa____ 1,173 713 106 293 61 Kansas___ 999 408 4 176 411 Kentucky. 442 89 119 161 73 Louisiana- 1,980 225 70 1,685 Maine___ 407 244 8 70 85 Maryland____ 906 445 273 171 17 Massachusetts. 1,801 1,408 393 Michigan____ 2,294 1,435 12 847 Minnesota___ 1, 362 1,111 49 168 34 Mississippi___ 2,058 68 1,990 Missouri_____ 1,424 897 84 344 99 Montana______120 78 42 Nebraska______512 295 60 157 Nevada______17 2 15 New Hampshire. 205 141 3 21 40 New Jersey____ 1,397 962 71 364 New Mexico...... 274 153 10 111

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T able 9.— Prisoners Productively Employed in State and Federal Prisons in Each S ta te, Classified by Type of Work, 1940 —Continued

Average number of prisoners productively employed

State Manufac­ Construc­ Farming Mining Total turing tion and land de­ and quar­ velopment rying

State prisons—Continued

New York______4,315 3,287 639 330 59 North Carolina______7,930 153 7,202 575 North Dakota______172 112 17 43 Ohio______3, 256 2, 461 14 781 Oklahoma.______2,108 1, 332 58 593 125 Oregon______453 199 77 121 56

Pennsylvania______2,269 1,272 334 633 30 Rhode Island______127 116 11 South Carolina. ______505 267 238 South Dakota______138 70 40 27 1 Tennessee______1, 871 421 595 438 417 Texas______4,138 691 215 3, 232

Utah______135 45 57 33 Vermont______140 68 72 Virginia______-...... 3, 460 669 2,393 340 58 Washington______875 525 158 192 West Virginia------921 39 709 114 59 Wisconsin...... 1, 262 815 20 355 72 W yoming______... ______194 114 9 71

Federal prison*

All States . ______. . . 6,740 3. 523 2, 271 946 Alabama______12 12 Arizona ______. 92 92 California______223 136 77 10 Florida______142 125 17 Georgia______1,399 1, 014 218 167 Idaho______88 11 77

TTa/nsqs ______1,614 1, 241 240 133 Tionisiana 14 14 Michigan ______. 170 57 56 57 Minnesota . ______84 84 Missouri___ _ . ______61 43 18 Maine . _ . . . 2 2 New York _ . . . 53 53

Ohio . . ______520 235 197 88 Oklahoma - . . ._ . ______537 159 328 50 Pennsylvania. ______636 401 171 64 Texas ______. . 165 1 78 86 Virginia 245 2 155 88 Washington ______356 25 205 126 West Virginia. ______327 172 113 42

T ype of P roduction

To show the number of prisoners employed in producing various types of commodities, the production unit used is in most cases synony­ mous with a prison shop. “ Type of production,” as used in table 10, indicates the various types of daily work assignments commonly used by prison authorities and therefore most suitable for obtaining accurate averages of men employed. The decline of over $18,000,000 in the total value of prison produc­ tion between 1932 and 1940 may be attributed mainly to the loss of contracts by State prisons. In. the production of clothing alone, the

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loss in State prisons amounted to over $15,000,000; and in the output of furniture, to slightly less than $1,000,000. Despite a reduction of 31 percent in the value of goods produced in State prisons, it was found possible by spreading the work to employ practically the same number of prisoners in 1940 as in 1932. In the case of construction activities, value of production declined 52 percent between 1932 and 1940, but employment rose 26 percent. In the clothing shops, where the use of machines restricted the spread of work, there was a loss of 55 percent in the number employed, as compared with a decrease of 73 percent in the value of product. In 1940 construction took first place (for­ merly held by clothing) in the number of prisoners employed and also maintained its leadership in the dollar column. Second in volume of employment and dollar value in 1940 were farm products, relegating the manufacture of clothing to third place.

T able 10.— Prisoners Productively Employed and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by Type of Production, 1932 and 1940 Average number of prisoners pro­ Value of commodities ductively em­ produced Type of production ployed 1932 1940 1932 1940 Total State and Federal prisons______82,276 83, 515 $75,369,471 $56, 731,654 State prisons All types______77, 267 76, 775 $71,306,061 $48,995,818 Agricultural implements and parts______173 298 572,666 777,571 Bakery products, commercial ______26 19 35, 577 32,043 Brooms, brushes, and mops ______664 358 892, 757 184,189 Clay, cement, and stone products______1,843 1,208 687,787 402,069 Clothing, other than knit. ______18,342 7,719 20, 362, 921 5,030,988 Clothing, knit______1 688 927 » 681,861 716,127 Construction: Buildings ______5,372 2,123 6,685,341 2,959,103 Land development ______-- 1,000 954 469,616 171, 795 Major repairs to buildings______513 418 611,160 333,371 Major repairs to roads______504 12,377 182,274 4,112,184 Roads ______9,205 5,444 15,286, 536 3,668,305 Miscellaneous______878 750 817, 741 373,045 Cordage______1,802 1,316 4,368, 901 3,634,779 Farming: Cattle . ______298 413,646 Dairy ______1,572 2,159,606 Field crops and garden______17,331 17,380 5,878,604 Hogs ____ _ -- ______664 5,814,362 1,100,850 Poultry and poultry products______375 339, 771 Miscellaneous______429 87,327 Furniture, m etal______282 738 191,144 330, 520 Furniture, wood______3,586 2,966 2,410, 736 1,205,095 Furniture, other than metal or wood______162 457 205,136 402, 582 Grain-mill products______4 119 7,251 337,089 Laundry, commercial______203 249 90,561 125,100 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs...... 1,250 2,008 2,605,896 3,810,862 Miscellaneous______1,093 1,155 667,715 520,625 Mining ______1,057 729 312,018 244,609 Paint -- ______63 196,413 Printing and binding. ______958 1,121 673.435 657,037 Quarrying and rock crushing______3,302 3,145 887.435 573,237 Repair and shop work ______315 (2) 122, 663 (2) Soap and other detergents______61 262 135, 666 536,785 Sugar ______132 148 189,609 398,475 Textiles .. ______f 5,384 / 3,513,939 Textile products______} 4,748 i 965 } 3, 706, 711 \ 544,414 Wood products______506 591 293,019 274,609 Other manufactured products______1,166 1,912 1,281, 562 2,907, 277 Miscellaneous (labor only).. ______101 CO 56,004 (2) Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing)...... 134 41, 777 * Does not include knit underwear, inseparably included in “ clothing, other than knit.! ’ Included under appropriate type of production

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T a b l e 10.— Prisoners Productively Employed and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by Type of Producton, 1932 and 1940—C o n tin u e d

Average number of prisoners pro­ Value of commodities ductively em­ produced Type of production ployed

1932 1940 1932 1940

Federal prisons

All types______5,009 6,740 $4,063,410 $7, 735,836 Bakery products, commercial...... 10 12,622 Brooms, brushes, and mops______155 343 283,081 973,280 Clay, cement, and stone products...... 134 34,252 Clothing______1,039 1,181 797,491 1,764,437 Construction: Buildings______735 1,806 693, 583 1,434,173 Land development______192 9 41, 740 7,660 Major repairs to buildings______233 149 283, 599 78, 725 Major repairs to roads...... 4 8 5,000 4,750 Roads______; ______2 238 1,140 202,142 Miscellaneous...... 60 61 81,423 103,585 Farming: Cattle______f 3 5,621 Dairy ______137 155,384 Field crops and garden ______980 -I 732 306,290 135,355 H ogs______57 118, 713 Poultry and poultry products______l 17 22,188 Furniture, m etal______326 422,854 Furniture, wood...... 30 237 13,802 245,328 Furniture, other than metal or w ood..______19 51 6,472 156,054 Laundry, commercial ______138 210 113,945 92,907 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs______5 6,792 Miscellaneous______36 43,671 Printing and binding______82 79 54,365 89,791 Repair and shop work. ______61 (2) 16,077 (2) Textiles ______} 970 f 728 f 1,090,087 Textile products______( * 169 } 1, 201, 548 \ 376,187 Wood products ______26 74 13,230 70,460 Other manufactured products______50 84 54,306 135,692 Miscellaneous (labor only)______89 (2) 49,444 (2)

2 Included under appropriate type of production.

Examination of the State-prison data discloses a concentration of both employment and value in a comparatively few types of products. Of the 39 types of production, 19, each with production valued at over $500,000 in 1940, employed 90 percent of the prisoners and accounted for 90 percent of the value of all commodities. The value of metal tags, highway markers, and signs rose well over $1,000,000 between 1932 and 1940, largely because in the latter year 40 States (an increase of 14 over 1932) manufactured automobile license tags. In 1940, 34 percent more prisoners were engaged in the production of textiles and textile products than in 1932, with an increase of only 9 percent in the volume of output. Between 1932 and 1940 the Federal prisons achieved an increase of 90 percent in total value of products, but of only 35 percent in the num­ ber of production workers. Although the rises in employment and output were distributed among most types of production shown in table 10, they are particularly noticeable in such classifications as brooms, brushes; and mops; clothing; building construction; and furni­ ture. This last is a comparatively new industry in Federal prisons.

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C om parison of P roduction in P risons and P rivate Industry

As the so-called “ industries” in prison are in most cases not com­ parable with those in outside life, it was necessary in making the rough comparison shown in table 11 to allocate each individual prison- manufactured article to the same classification as the particular in­ dustry in private business which is primarily engaged in making that article. The values for private industry are totals for plants engaged primarily in making the indicated products and do not include the value of such articles made as secondary products in other industries. The total value of prison production in the manufacturing industries in 1940 was $32,317,997, less than half (0.38) of 1 percent of the total value of private production in the specified industries during 1939. In 43 of a total of 97 industries shown in table 11, the prison output was more than one-tenth of 1 percent of that produced in private industry, but in only 8 did it exceed 1 percent. Chief among these were cordage and twine, brooms, and stamped and pressed metal products, for which prison production was equivalent to 6.4, 2.5, and 2.2 percent, respectively, of private production in those industries. The other classifications, each producing more than 1 percent were work shirts, brushes, canvas products, jute goods, and cane sugar (except that produced in refineries). In numerous industries, the prison production was negligible.

T a b l e 11.— Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons in 1940 , and in Pri­ vate Industry in 1939, by Specified Industrial Classifications of Manufacturing Industries 1

Value of production Value of production Standard industrial classifications (major group, group, and industry) in State in private and Fed­ industry, eral pris­ 1939 2 ons, 1940

Total, all classifications-______$32,317, 997 $8,380,160, 647 Food and kindred products: Meat products: Meat packing, wholesale ______... _ 1, 620, 560 2,647,360,088 Sausages, prepared meats, and other meat products not made in meat­ packing establishments______29,785 208,048,345 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and sea food: Canned and dried fruits and vegetables (including canned soups).. ... 1,434, 756 587,343,024 Grain-mill products: Flour and other grain-mill products ______230,776 649,943,088 Prepared feeds (including mineral), for animals and fowls______94, 739 401,880, 238 Cereal preparations (breakfast foods, etc.)______12,042 119,393,055 Bakery products: Bread and other bakery products (except biscuit, crackers, and pretzels). 32,043 1,211,395, 278 Sugar: Cane sugar (except refineries)______.. . ______... 416,839 33, 526,898 Miscellaneous food and kindred products: Ice, manufactured. ______7,304 130,166, 312 Food preparations, not elsewhere classified _ . ______164, 338 172,459, 397 Tobacco manufactures: Tobacco (chewing and smoking) and snuff______228,636 123,687,198 Textile-mill products: Cotton manufactures: Cotton broad-woven goods______2,970,987 869,354,285 Cotton narrow f a b r i c s . . . . . _ . .. . ______1,657 48, 500, 589 Cotton yarn______. . . ______297,974 198,940,444 See footnotes at end of table.

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T able 11.— Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons in 1940 , and in Private Industry in 1939 , by Specified Industrial Classifications of Manufacturing Indus­ tries 1—Continued

V alue of production V alue of in State production Standard industrial classifications (major group, group, and industry) and F ed ­ in private in d u stry , eral pris­ 1939 2 ons, 1940

Textile-mill products—Continued. Woolen and worsted manufactures: Woolen and worsted woven goods (including woven felts and hair­ cloth) ______$842,852 $685, 311,713 Woolen and worsted yam ______Knit goods: Hosiery______193, 835 415,835,858 Knitted cloths______1,180 68,662, 722 Knitted underwear______482, 947 113,353,402 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings: Wool carpets and rugs______8,104 140,337, 725 Carpets, rugs, and mats made from paper fiber, grass, rags, and jute.._ 7,157 9,049,527 Hats (except cloth and millinery): Hats, straw______3,017 1,549,107 Miscellaneous textile goods: Processed waste and recovered wool fibers______15, 610 32, 973. 994 Jute goods (except felt)______257, 263 16,897, 414 Cordage and twine______3,634, 994 56,685,817 Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials: Men’s and boys’ tailored clothing: Men’s and boys’ suits, coats, and overcoats (except work clothing), made in inside factories______1, 329, 835 536,612, 780 Men’s and boys’ furnishings, work and sport garments: Men’s and boy’s shirts (except work shirts), collars, nightwear, and underwear, made in inside factories______295, 311 196, 772,344 Men’s neckwear, made in inside factories______2,009 45,404,814 Men’s and boys’ hats and caps (except felt and straw)______44, 346 11, 605,495 Work shirts______706, 637 35,672,002 Work clothing (except work shirts), sport garments (except leather), and other apparel, not elsewhere classified______1, 443,454 184, 222, 956 Women’s and misses’ outer clothing: Women’s and misses’ blouses and waists, made in inside factories____ 602 36,419,098 Women’s and misses’ dresses (except house dresses), made in inside factories______4, 578 441,324, 635 House dresses, uniforms, and aprons, made in inside factories______55,355 104,446, 282 Women’s accessories (except millinery): Women’s, children’s, and infants’ underwear and nightwear...... 26, 557 61, 792, 937 Women’s miscellaneous accessories (fabric)—belts, etc.______3,344 19,076,348 Children’s and infants’ outerwear: Children’s and infants’ dresses, made in inside factories______3,109 46, 742,013 Children’s and infants’ coats, made in inside factories______87 24,970, 797 Children’s and infants’ wear, not elsewhere classified, made in inside factories______864 17,941, 909 Miscellaneous apparel: Gloves and mittens—cloth, cloth and leather combined______91,456 30,160, 558 Handkerchiefs______8,367 21,601,163 Robes, lounging garments, and dressing gowns______17,010 39,830,309 Raincoats and other waterproof garments (except oiled fabric)______71 11,304,341 Miscellaneous apparel, not elsewhere classified______176,066 35, 759,421 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products: Curtains, draperies, and bedspreads______22, 782 70,232,983 Housefurnishings (except curtains, draperies, and bedspreads)______458,010 67, 521,325 Textile bags, not made in textile mills______226, 715 121,702,151 Canvas products______403, 861 24,408,030 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products, not elsewhere classified____ 101,403 31,640,283 Lumber and timber basic products: Logging: Logging camps and logging contractors______918 69,620,906 Sawmills and special-product sawmills: Sawmills (including sawmills combined with logging camps and saw­ mills combined with planing mills)______141,810 692,811,600 Planing and plywood mills: Planing mills______42,173 320,613, 516 Furniture and finished lumber products: Household furniture: Wooden household furniture______f 419,463,592 Reed and rattan furniture______1,152, 997 \ 3,427,102 Upholstered furniture______119,069 128, 723, 519 Metal household furniture______260,413 52,912,856 Mattresses and bedsprings______545,472 113,114,633 Office furniture: Wooden office furniture.______3 140,028 16, 753, 590 Metal office furniture______4 229, 575 31,580,035 Partitions, shelving, cabinet work, and office and store fixtures______| 211,867 70, 718, 293 See footnotes at end of table. 408102°— 42------3

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T a b l e 11.— Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons in 1940 , and in Private Industry in 1939 , by Specified Industrial Classifications of Manufacturing Indus­ tries 1—Continued

Value of production Value of production Standard industrial classifications (major group, group, and industry) in State and Fed­ in private eral pris­ industry, ons, 1940 1939 2

Furniture and finished lumber products—Continued. Wooden containers: Vegetable and fruit baskets______$1,262 $12,263, 562 Rattan and willowware (except furniture)______21,857 3,917,695 Wooden boxes (except cigar boxes)______7,310 87,353,766 Window and door screens, shades, and Venetian blinds: Window shades______360 27,070,810 Caskets, coffins, burial cases, and other mortician’s goods______3,828 70,353,137 Miscellaneous wood products: Wood products, not elsewhere classified..______86,651 69,185,697 Paper and allied products: Paperboard containers and boxes: Corrugated and fiber boxes______5,902 448,347,697 Printing, publishing, and allied industries: General commercial (job) printing______746,828 515,435,609 Chemicals and allied products: Paints, varnishes, and colors______196,413 434,938, 754 Drugs, medicines, toilet preparations, insecticides, and related products: Insecticides, fungicides, and related industrial and household chemicals. 56, 536 93,443, 777 Soap and glycerin______533,867 302, 634,474 Hardwood distillation, charcoal, and naval stores: Gum naval stores______6,774 17,361, 933 Miscellaneous chemical products: Cleaning and polishing preparations______16,176 89. 766, 752 Chemical products, not elsewhere classified (writing ink)______364 2, 951,259 Leather and leather products: , Leather—Tanned, curried, and finished: Leather, sole, belting, upper and lining—regular factories______27, 775 329,728,052 Footwear (except rubber): Footwear (except house slippers and rubber footwear)______House slippers______} 2,443,409 734,673, 111 Miscellaneous leather goods: Saddlery, harness, and whips______21,093 12,118,430 Miscellaneous leather goods, not elsewhere classified______16,112 8,848,185 Stone, clay, and glass products: Structural clay products: Brick and hollow building tile______230, 835 78,153,227 Roofing tile______11,360 1,824,881 Sewer pipe and kindred products______2,128 22, 745,881 Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products: Concrete products______155, 808 130,393,396 Lime______190, 215 36,971,171 Cut-stone and stone products: Monuments and tombstones______275 75,811,785 Iron and steel and their products: Iron and steel foundry products: Gray-iron castings______229,621 301,051,791 Tin cans and other tinware, not elsewhere classified______41,132 372,616,014 Cutlery, tools, and general hardware: Cutlery and edge tools______100 59,924,396 Metal stamping, enameling, galvanizing, japanning, and lacquering: Stamped arid pressed metal products (except automobile stampings).. 3,964, 039 178,395,076 Miscellaneous iron and steel products: Forgings, iron and steel, not made in plants connected with rolling mills______12,395 104,883,196 Nonferrous metals and their products: Nonferrous metal products, not elsewhere classified: Nonferrous metal foundries (except aluminum)------10,429 55,639,398 Aluminum products...------31,235 206,944,167 Machinery (except electrical): Agricultural machinery and tractors: Agricultural machinery (except tractors)...... 765,629 167,895, 292 -Miscellaneous manufacturing industries: Surgical, medical, and dental instruments, equipment, and supplies: Surgical supplies and equipment, not elsewhere classified------1,241 79,398,442 Toys and sporting and athletic goods: Games and toys (except dolls, and children’s vehicles)------500 55,400,894 Brooms and brushes: Brooms______299,939 11,842,422 Brushes______850,592 48,466,966 Miscellaneous industries: Miscellaneous fabricated products, not elsewhere classified------72,461 51,849,418 1 As prepared by the Technical Subcommittee on Industrial Classification, under the auspices of the Division of Statistical Standards. 2 Data are from Census of Manufactures, Preliminary reports for 1939. 2 Includes Venetian blinds. * Includes small amount of public-building furniture.

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Sale of Prison-Made Goods

Of the $9,122,840 worth of goods manufactured in State prisons in 1940 under systems other than the State-use and public works and ways, the figures in table 12 show that 75 percent were sold within the State where produced and 25 percent outside the State. The effect of regulatory legislation may be seen by comparing these per­ centages with those for 1932 when 34 percent of such goods were sold within the State and 66 percent outside. The relatively large volume of goods sold outside the State in 1940 by the Alabama Prison System was all marketed in South America. Among the States with the greatest volume of out-of-State sales in 1940 were Minnesota, which sold cordage and farm machinery valued at $812,328; Oregon, flax products valued at $114,747; and Missouri, shoes and rope which had a combined value of $140,126. Kansas, Michigan, and South Dakota sold considerable quantities of cordage. Sales within the State accounted for 75 percent of all production under the State-account and 73 percent of that under the piece-price system in 1940. State prisons in only two States—Florida and South Carolina—produced on a piece-price basis, and only South Carolina sold such goods outside of the State. No goods were produced under the State-account system in the District of Columbia, Arizona, Ne­ vada, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and a number of States such as Idaho, New York, Tennessee, and West Virginia sold only excess farm products produced under these systems. Federal prisons in 1940, as in the past, produced only under the State-use and public works and ways systems.4

Table 12.— Value of Goods Produced Under State-Account and Piece-Price Systems in Individual State P rison S old Inside and Outside of State, 1940

Total, both systems State-account

State and institution Sold Sold Sold Sold Total within outside Total within outside State State State State

All State prisons______i $9,122,840 2 $6,831,667 3$2,291,173 $8,822,862 $6,612,678 $2,210,184 Alabama: State Prison System...... __ 837,175 31,728 805,447 837,175 31,728 805,447 Arkansas: State Penitentiary...... 182,324 182,324 182,324 182,324 California: State Prison at Folsom______571 571 571 571 State Prison at San Q uentin ..___ 456,398 456,398 456,398 456,398 Colorado: State Penitentiary..______18,848 18,848 18,848 18,848 State Reformatory______6,639 6,639 6,639 6,639 Connecticut: State Prison______1,693 1,693 1,693 1,693 State Reformatory...... 13,147 13,147 13,147 13,147 Delaware: Sussex County Prison...... 7,230 7,230 7,230 7,230 New Castle County Workhouse... 6, 078 6,078 6,078 6,078 Florida: State Prison...... 4 65,532 4 65,532 4,693 4,693 Georgia: State Prison______14,370 14,370 14,370 14,370 Idaho: State Penitentiary______4,307 4,307 4,307 4,307 See footnotes at end of table.

4 Excess-farm products valued at $404 were sold on the open market by Federal prisons in 1940.

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T able 12.— Value of Goods Produced Under State-Account and Piece-Price Systems in Individual State Prisons, Sold Inside and Outside of State, 1940 — Continued

Total, both systems State-account

State and institution Sold Sold Sold Sold Total within outside Total within outside State State State State

Illinois: State Penitentiary, Menard Branch______$18,553 $18,553 $18,553 $18,553 Indiana: State Reformatory______45,149 45,149 45,149 45,149 State Prison______12, 501 12,501 12,501 12.501 Women’s Prison______2,125 2,125 2,125 2,125 State Farm...-...... 113,322 113,322 113,322 113,322 Iowa: The Men’s Reformatory______10,027 10,027 10,027 10,027 State Penitentiary______146,922 76,422 $70,500 146,922 76,422 $70,500 Women’s Reformatory______1,548 1,545 3 1,548 1,545 3 Kansas: State Industrial Reformatory____ 3,669 3,669 3,669 3, 669 State Penitentiary______92,594 24,954 67,640 92, 594 24,954 67,640 Kentucky: State Reformatory______3,041 3, 041 3,041 3,041 State Penitentiary______2,005 2,005 2, 005 2,005 Louisiana: State Penitentiary...... 533,534 533,534 533,534 533,534 Maine: State Prison...... 24,350 24,350 24,350 24,350 State Reformatory for Men...... 3,016 3,016 3,016 3,016 State Reformatory for Women___ 134 134 134 134 Maryland: State Penal Farm______6,964 6,964 6,964 6,964 Massachusetts: Reformatory for Men______130 130 130 130 Reformatory for Women...... 1,258 1,258 1,258 1,258 State Prison Colony...... 1,226 1,226 1,226 1,226 State Farm...... 207 207 207 207 Michigan: State Reformatory______375 375 375 State Prison of Southern Michigan. 292,336 121,319 171,017 292, 121,319 171,017 Detroit House of Correction...... 35,687 35,687 35, 35,687 Ionia State Hospital...... 2,046 2,046 2, 2,046 Minnesota: State Prison______3,062,018 2,249,690 812,328 3,062, 2,249,690 812,328 State Reformatory______3,387 3,387 3, 3,387 Mississippi: State Penitentiary...... 350,113 350,113 350, 350,113 Missouri: State Penitentiary______635,152 495,026 140,126 635, 495,026 140,126 Intermediate Reformatory for Young Men______582 582 582 582 Montana: State Prison...... 184 184 184 184 Nebraska: State Reformatory for Men______7,345 7,345 ’, 345 7,345 State Prison______131 131 131 131 State Reformatory for Women____ 1,380 1,380 ,380 1,380 Genoa State Farm______6,837 6,837 i, 837 6,837 New Hampshire: State Prison______2,540 2, 540 !, 540 2,540 New Mexico: Penitentiary of New Mexico...... 22,501 22, 501 22.501 New York: Institution for Male Defective Delinquents______27 27 27 27 Matteawan State Hospital...... 257 257 257 257 Wallkill Prison...... 25 25 25 25 Woodbourne Institution for De­ fective Delinquents______80 80 80 80 North Carolina: State Prison System.. 32,107 32,107 32,107 32,107 North Dakota: State Penitentiary___ 277,618 277,618 277,618 277,618 Ohio: State Reformatory...... 270 270 270 270 Lima State Hospital...... 2,106 2,106 2,106 2,106 Oklahoma: State Penitentiary...... 98,125 98,125 98,125 98,125 State Reformatory...... 22,122 22,122 22,122 22,122 Oregon: State Penitentiary...... 228,232 113,485 114,747 228,232 113,485 114,747 Rhode Island: State Prison______38 38 38 38 South Carolina: State Penitentiary__ 8 255,470 «174,481 1 80,989 16,331 16,331 South Dakota: State Penitentiary___ 123, 732 103,720 20,012 123, 732 103, 720 Tennessee: Fort Pillow State Farm__ 5,582 5,582 5, 582 5, 582 Texas: Prison System______579,378 579,378 579,378 579,378 Utah: State Prison...... 2,031 2,031 2,031 2,031 Vermont: State Prison and House of Correc­ tion for Men______10,979 10,979 10,979 10,979 Women’s Reformatory...... 6,200 6,200 6,200 6,200 See footnotes at end of table.

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Table 12.— Value of Goods Produced Under State-Account and Piece-Price Systems in Individual State Prisons, Sold Inside and Outside of State, 1 94 0 — Continued

Total, both systems State-account

State and institution Sold Sold Sold Sold Total within outside Total within outside State State State State

Virginia: State Penitentiary and Con­ vict Road Force...... $81,000 $81,000 $81,000 $81,000 Washington: State Penitentiary...... 40 40 40 40 State Reformatory______1,712 1,712 1,712 1,712 West Virginia: State Medium Security Prison...... 652 652 652 652 Wisconsin: Central State Hospital for Insane.. 863 863 863 863 State Prison for Women...... 1,584 1,584 1,584 1,584 State Prison______219,356 218,856 $500 219,356 218,856 $500 State Reformatory...... 8,095 8,095 8,095 8,095 Milwaukee House of Correction__ 68,345 62,348 5,997 68,345 62,348 5,997 Wyoming: State Penitentiary______30,262 28,395 1,867 30,262 28,395 1,867 Industrial Institute______7,351 7,351 7,351 7,351

1 Includes $299,978 produced on piece-price basis. 2 Includes $218,989 produced on piece-price basis. 2 Includes $80,989 produced on piece-price basis. ^ Includes $60,989 produced on piece-price basis. * Includes $239,139 produced on piece-price basis, e Includes $158,150 produced on piece-price basis. 7 Includes $80,989 produced on piece-price basis.

Production Under Public Works and Ways System

The total value of construction under the public works and ways system in State and Federal institutions during 1940 was $13,448,838, according to figures in table 13. This work was responsible for the employment of 24,337 prisoners. Major repairs to roads, valued at $4,116,934, employed the greatest number of prisoners, 12,385, while 3,929 inmates constructed new buildings valued at $4,393,276. State prisons in North Carolina led those in all other States in 1940 by employing 7,202 prisoners on public construction valued at $2,444,845; 93 percent of this amount represented major repairs to roads. State prisons in Georgia, Virginia, and West Virginia, chiefly through the construction of new roads, each completed construction valued at over $1,000,000 and employed large forces of convicts. Whereas 13 States employed prisoners on new road construction in 1932, only 5 did in 1940. Maryland and Texas, with extensive build­ ing programs well under way at the beginning of the year, each re­ ported for 1940 new building construction appraised in excess of $380,000. Only 3 States failed to do any work of this type during the fiscal year. Alabama and Illinois used State prisoners extensively on alterations and improvements to buildings. Pennsylvania, with considerable sewer and steam-line construction, led all States in the value of miscellaneous construction. Federal prisons employed 2,271 prisoners at construction valued at $1,831,035 in 1940. The construction of new buildings represented

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78 percent of the total valuation. Oklahoma, with new building con­ struction at the Federal Reformatory, exceeded all other States in number of prisoners employed and value of construction.

Table 13.— Prisoners Productively Employed and Value of Production Under Public Works and Ways System in State and Federal Prisons in Each State, 1 94 0

Average number of prisoners productively employed

Construction State Land Total develop­ Altera­ New, other ment New tions and than build­ Roads, Roads, build­ improve­ ings and new major ings ments roads repairs

Total, State and Federal prisons------24,337 963 3,929 567 811 5,682 12,385

State prisons

All States...... - 22,066 954 2,123 418 750 5,444 12.377 Alabama..______2. 465 36 86 2,343 Arizona______54 31 4 19 34 34 California 691 92 154 400 45 Colorado . . . 81 81 Connecticut ______11 11

Delaware 10 9 1 District of Columbia____ 229 200 29 Florida. . ______1,966 296 11 30 1,629 Georgia 2,893 21 2,786 86 Idaho ______0) Illinois______119 41 66 12 Indiana______107 87 20 Iowa _ _ _ 106 68 38 Kansas______4 2 2 Kentucky______119 119 Louisiana______70 70 Maine______8 8 Maryland______273 191 41 41 Michigan______12 12 Minnesota.______49 49 Missouri ______84 42 40 2 Nebraska______60 38 20 2 New Hampshire______3 3 New Jersey______71 10 61 New Mexico______10 10 New York______639 566 73 North Carolina______7,202 77 7,125 North Dakota______17 17 Ohio______14 14 Oklahoma...... 58 18 40 Oregon______77 77 Pennsylvania______334 25 143 166 South Dakota______40 40 Tennessee______595 76 519 T exas______215 194 21 Utah...... 57 51 6 Virginia______2,393 5 146 1, 666 576 Washington______158 4 141 13 West Virginia______709 35 5 118 551 Wisconsin______20 13 7 Wyoming______9 5 4

Requiring less than the full-time work of 1 prisoner for a year.

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T able 13.— Prisoners Productively Employed and Value of Production Under Public Works and Ways System in State and Federal Prisons in Each State, 194 0 — Con.

Average number of prisoners productively employed Construction State Land Altera­ New, other Total develop­ New tions and than build­ Hoads, ment build­ improve­ ings and Hoads, major ings ments roads new repairs Federal prisons 2,271 9 1.806 149 61 238 All States...... 8 Alabama...... 12 12 Arizona______92 22 12 58 California ...... 77 434 10 29 Florida...... 125 125 Georgia______218 175 43 Idaho______77 77 Kansas...... 240 218 22 Michigan______56 5 36 10 3 2 Minnesota______84 72 12 ______43 12 20Missouri 11 O hio...... 197 197 Oklahoma______328 328 Pennsylvania.______171 171 Texas______78 78 Virginia ______155 155 Washington______205 133 42 10 14 6 West Virginia______- 113 38 75 Value Construction State Land New Altera­ New, other Total develop­ tions and than build­ Hoads, Hoads, ment build­ improve­ ings and new major ings ments roads repairs Total, State and Federal prisons------$13,448, 838 $179, 455 $4, 393, 276 $412,096 $476, 630 $3,870,447 $4,116, 934 State prisons

All States...... $11, 617,803 $171,795 $2,959.103 $333, 371 $373, 045 $3, 668, 305 $4,112,184 Alabama ______733, 060 24, 700 60,108 648, 252 Arizona______53,616 30,997 3,869 18, 750 Arkansas ______17, 729 17, 729 California______856,385 41, 721 34,114 777, 550 3,000 Colorado______117, 500 117, 500 Connecticut______9, 210 9,210 Delaware ______5,872 5,080 792 District of Columbia__ 284, 550 248,750 35,800 Florida______633, 550 22, 500 10. 500 30,000 570. 550 ______1.136, 575 155.000 950,723 30,852Georgia Idaho______300 300 Illinois______142, 608 30, 690 81,148 30, 770 Indiana______140,900 104,600 36,300 Iowa______... 59,667 38,194 21,473 ______2, 700 1, 700 1,000Kansas Kentucky ______125.000 125.000 Louisiana______35,260 35, 200 Maine______7,722 7,722 Maryland______594,037 381.537 106, 500 106,000 Michigan______20,140 20,140 Minnesota______17, 339 17, 339 Missouri______45, 745 13,760 31, 400 585 Nebraska______88, 715 72, 701 12, 742 3, 272 New Hampshire______2,930 2,930 New Jersey...... 27,875 16,875 11,000 New Mexico______30.000 30,000 New York______179, 700 111. 132 68, 568 North Carolina. ______2,444.845 180,815 2, 264, 030 North Dakota______9.840 9,840 Ohio______6,500 6,500 Oklahoma ______50,803 35.803 15,000 Oregon ______175,980 175,980 Pennsylvania______301.000 15,000 182,000 104,000 South Dakota _ __ 50.000 50,000 Tennessee.. ______282,219 120,000 162.219 Texas...... 1 397,118 384,414 12, 704

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Table 13.— Prisoners Productively Employed and Value of Production Under Public Works and Ways System in State and Federal Prisons in Each State, 1 94 0 — Con.

Value Construction Land Altera­ New, other State Total develop­ ‘ New tions and than build­ Roads, Roads, ment build­ improve­ ings and new major ings ments roads repairs

State prisons— Continued Utah ______$33,830 $30,000 $3,830 1.345,076 $1,000 172,223 $855, 572 $316,281 Washington. ______82.350 1,350 70,000 11,000 West Virginia______1, 027,836 7.500 3,925 38,451 977,960 Wisconsin ______31,221 4,083 27,138 Wyoming...... 10, 500 5.500 $5,666 Federal prisons All States...... $1,831,035 $7, 660 $1, 434,173 $78, 725 $103, 585 $202,142 $4, 750 Alabama______22,850 22,850 Arizona______219,189 101,810 54,123 63, 256 California______106,038 5,410 46,152 14,050 40,426 Flnrida 120, 205 120,205 Georgia. ______123,362 103, 362 20,000 Tdaho 63, 111 63.111 Kansas______116.832 115.437 395 Michigan______40.450 2,250 30,000 6,000 1,200 1,000 Minnesota______47,015 40,478 6,537 M issouri.______29,207 10,075 7,807 11.325 Ohio...... 141.900 141,900 Oklahom a 279, 509 279,509 Pennsylvania______170,786 170,786 T exas______40,804 40,804 Virginia______96, 580 96, 580 Washington. _____ - 144,447 102,475 28,936 3,036 6.250 3,750 West, Virginia.______... 68. 750 ______11,7.50 57. 000

Compensation to Productively Employed Prisoners The Bureau endeavored to obtain information concerning amounts paid to those prisoners who were productively employed. In 1940, State prisoners of 18 States received no compensation for productive work performed, while 30 States and the District of Columbia had some system of financial reward for such prisoners. In most States these payments were purely nominal, ranging for the majority of prisoners from 1 to 25 cents per working day. A few States made a practice of distributing proportionately among the working inmates part of the profits of the shops. Several States allowed “industrial good time,” 5 to prisoners employed at certain jobs but only one State allowed as much as 1 day off sentence for each day worked. Federal prisons, as a rule, had established more definite wage-payment policies than had the State prisons.

STATE PRISONS The variety of bases of compensating State prisoners made it impracticable to tabulate the information obtained. However, the principal methods of compensating the productively employed prisoners in each State are summarized below.

6 Time deducted from original sentence as one form of compensation for work performed.

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A la ba m a .—Prisoners received no compensation except when, in emergencies, t h e y were called upon for night or Sunday work on the roads. For this overtime they received 15 cents per hour. California.— The State Highway Commission paid men working in the honor road camps $2.10 per day worked. Against this, the prisoners were charged a pro-rated share of the camp expenses. In the 6 camps the average net pay per working day ranged from 26.7 to 51.4 cents. No other inmates received compensation. Connecticut.— At the State Prison for Men, first-grade prisoners were paid 15 cents per day, but those in the second and third grades received no pay. Women’s Prison inmates were paid 10 cents per day for the first 5 years and 15 cents per day thereafter. The Women’s Reforma­ tory paid no wages. D elaw are.—The basic rate of pay at the Newcastle County Work- house was 10 cents per day. A few prisoners in skilled positions were paid higher rates, with a maximum of 45 cents. Women received 90 cents per month. District of Columbia.—Prisoners were paid according to the pay scale of the jobs to which they were assigned. Jobs were classified, not the inmates. Job-pay classifications were as follows: Grade A, 15 cents per day; Grade B, 10 cents per day; Grade C, 5 cents per day; apprentice, no pay. A prisoner must serve at least 6 months before he is eligible for a paid job. Only felons employed in “industries” 6 were eligible for “ industrial good time” which was granted for excep­ tional skill and good conduct. Such felons in Grade A and B jobs earned 2 days per month for the first year and 4 days per month thereafter. Those in Grade C jobs earned up to 1 day per month the first year and 3 days per month thereafter. Illin o is.—Workers in the shirt factory at the Reformatory for Women and in some of the “ industries” at Joliet and Statesville were paid varying amounts depending upon the production of the shops. Io w a .—Male prisoners received from 10 to 25 cents per day. Females were paid 5 cents per day after serving 6 months. K a n s a s.— Men were paid 4 cents per day, with the exception of coal miners, who were paid 75 cents for each ton over a set task. Women received 5 cents per day. K e n tu c k y .—All workers earned 8 cents a day. M a r y la n d .—At the House of Correction, prisoners assigned to the road gangs received $3 per month plus 5 days a month “ industrial good time.” Those working in shops or on farms received $2 per month plus 5 days “ industrial good time.” At the State Penal Farm, workers were allowed 5 days per month “ good time.” In the Peni-

6 “ Industries” represent those production shops which are generally included in a more or less formal organization supervised by the prison warden or “ superintendent of industries.” They usually represent the factory-' *ype of shop and do not include farms, maintenance shops, or construction work.

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tentiary all inmates employed by the “ industries” received a basic pay of 15 cents per day; skilled workers, 20 to 25 cents; and a few experts, 40 cents. Massachusetts.—Women’s Reformatory inmates placed “ outside” as domestics customarily received $1.25 per day from the employer. At the State Prison, 37}£ percent of all profit from all the shops was distributed quarterly among the working inmates. The share of each inmate depended upon his relative efficiency rating. M ic h ig a n .—The Reformatory and the prisons at Jackson and Marquette paid workers from 5 to 35 cents per day depending upon skill and aptitude. The Detroit House of Correction paid both men and women a flat rate of 10 cents per day. M in n e so ta .—At the State Prison, prisoners working in the cordage shop, print shop, and farm were paid 15 cents a day for the first 6 months, 25 cents for the second 6 months, and 30 cents thereafter. An overtime bonus of 5 cents a day for time in excess of the daily work­ ing schedule was also paid. The farm-machinery plant and the foundry paid on a piece-rate basis, with a monthly maximum of $15. Workers at the Men’s Reformatory received compensation ranging from 6 to 25 cents per day, with an average per prisoner of 13)£ cents. Women’s Reformatory inmates were compensated at the rate of 10 cents per day for the first 6 months and 15 cents per day thereafter. For exceptionally hard work, such as milking or field duties, they were paid 20 cents per day. M is s o u r i.—Prisoners at the State Penitentiary were paid from 50 cents to $3 per month, depending upon type of work and inmates’ ability. Young men at the Reformatory received 5 cents per day. N ebra sk a .— The Penitentiary paid bakery workers 5 cents a day and those employed in the manufacturing shops 20 cents per day. In­ mates working in the metal, creamery, and shoe industries at the Reformatory received 20 cents per day; no others were paid, but outside workers were allowed 5 days per month “ industrial good time.” The Reformatory for Women paid inmates 5 cents per day after 6 months of incarceration. New Hampshire.—All workers received 15 cents per working day. New Jersey.—Workers at all institutions with the exception of Ann an dale were paid 6 cents per day for the first 3 months, 8 cents per day for the second 3 months, and 10 cents per day thereafter. They also received “ industrial good time” at the rate of 1 day per full workweek. “ Lifers,” not being eligible for “ good time,” were paid a flat rate of 25 cents per day. Annandale prisoners were credited with earnings at the same rates as prisoners in other institutions but the money was turned into a canteen and recreational fund for the benefit of all prisoners. Workers at Annandale were allowed “ good time” only for overtime work, at the rate of approximately one-half

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day for each 4 hours’ overtime. A maximum of 2 days of “ good time” could be earned in any 1 week. New York.— At Attica, prisoners in the “ industries” were paid wages ranging from 5 to 30 cents per day. In the textile shop alone, a piece-work plan was in use. Piece-work rates were so planned that although the average piece worker earned approximately the same amount as the average day worker in other industries, it was possible, through more efficient performance, for a piece worker in any job to earn up to the State law maximum of 30 cents per day. Compensa­ tion at Auburn Prison was similar to that at Attica except that there was no piece work and the average pay in any one shop might not exceed 20 cents per day. An average of 5 cents and a maximum of 10 cents was established for farm workers. At Sing Sing, all inmates employed by “ Prison Industries” were paid on a piece-work basis in order to “ familiarize the worker with usual shop procedure.” The average pay per inmate employed in the industries was $61.75 for the fiscal year— approximately 22 cents a working day. In “ State shops” prisoners were paid from 5 to 15 cents per day for work on clothing, rock crushing, shoe repair, etc. Wallkill, Great Meadow, and Clinton Prisons had wage scales ranging from 2 to 30 cents per day, and the woman prisoners in the clothing shop at Westfield State Prison Farm received an average of 1 cent an hour. North Dakota.— Binder twine workers received 20 cents per day plus overtime of 5 cents per hour. All other productive workers were paid 18 cents per day. Ohio.— At the Reformatory for Women the basic daily wage was 6 cents, although wage rates of 13 to 33 cents were paid to some women holding jobs involving skill or responsibility. The State Penitentiary and the State Farm made no distinction, in compensation, between prisoners productively employed and those assigned to maintenance duties. All were paid on the following bases: single men, no depend­ ents, one-half cent per hour; single men, no dependents, but honor or skilled, 1 cent per hour; single men, no dependents, but skilled and clerical, 2 cents per hour; married men, with dependents, 5 cents per hour. These latter were credited with only one-half cent, and the other 4K cents was sent to the dependents. At the Men’s Reforma­ tory, single men and .married men without dependent children received 1 cent an hour, but were held to maximum earnings of $25 during incarceration. Inmates having 1, 2, or 3 or more dependent children were paid 3, 4, or 5 cents per hour, respectively. Oklahoma.— In the pants factory at the State Penitentiary, machine operators, pickers, oilers, and porters received $2 per month, while the more skilled occupations such as instructors, mechanics, cutters, pattern markers, etc., were paid from $3 to $5 for the same period. Pay for jobs in the twine plant ranged from $1 to $2.50 per month, de-

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pending upon the skill required. All workers in the cannery received $1.50 per month plus overtime of 5 cents for each hour over 8 in any day. All other productively employed inmates were allowed from $1 to $2 each month. At the Oklahoma Reformatory, each of the 3 departments of the shoe factory divided among the workers $32 for each 1,000 pairs of shoes produced. The boot shop divided 25 cents for each pair. In the tannery and saddle shop, unskilled inmates received $1 and skilled inmates, $1.25 or $1.50 per month. Oregon.— Compensation ranged from 25 to 60 cents per day for workers in the flax industry. No other inmates were paid. Pennsylvania.— All institutions paid industrial workers on the same basis. The daily wage rate varied from a minimum of 10 cents per day for apprentices to $1 per day for a few highly skilled workers. Some shops paid piece-work rates to insure quality and quantity production, but earnings at these rates fell within the daily wage scale. A bonus system was used to reward prisoners turning out exceptionally high quality products. South Carolina.— In the furniture factory there was no set task, but most men were paid on a piece-work basis. Typical are “ arm men,” who received 3 cents per arm; “ back men,” 3 cents per back; and “ trimmers,” 2 cents per chair. Earnings on these jobs averaged about $4.00 per month. Boxers, craters, and other laborers received a flat rate of $3 per month. In the garment factory, prisoners worked under a set-task system. Payments of 75 cents for the first task and 25 cents for each additional task resulted in average earnings of $3.50 to $4 per month for each prisoner. Prisoners in the auto-tag shop earned from 15 to 30 cents per day, depending upon their skills. Farm workers were not paid. South Dakota.— Productively employed prisoners earned from 15 to 25 cents per day. Tennessee.— At the State Penitentiary, men working on roads re­ ceived 5 cents per day and those in “ industries,” 7% cents per day. At Brushy Mountain, coal miners worked on a task basis and were paid 25 cents per ton over the task. Other workers earned $1 per month. All inmates at Fort Pillow received $1 per month. Texas.— No cash payments were made but inmates employed at numerous jobs were allowed “ industrial good time” ranging from 10 to 30 days for each month’s work. Utah.— Inmate foremen and prisoners holding the more responsible jobs were given three 25-cent books of stamps every 2 weeks. All other productive workers received two such books. These stamps could be used as postage or as a medium of exchange at the com­ missary. Vermont.— Prisoners employed in the printing and auto-tag shops were paid 15 cents each working day.

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Virginia.— All employed prisoners received a basic wage of 10 cents a day. In addition, certain skilled workers were granted a bonus of 5 to 25 cents per day. Wisconsin.— Employed prisoners at the State Prison for Women received 3 cents a day for the first year of sentence and 1 cent a day thereafter. At the State Reformatory, men assigned to work outside the wall were granted 5 days per month “ industrial good time.” The State Prison paid workers after 1 month’s service in the twine plant from 9 to 18 cents per day, depending upon the skill required for the job. Laundry workers received 20 cents per day after 3 months’ service. Prisoners working outside the wall (farmers, etc.) earned “ industrial good time” of 5 days per month. All prisoners received in addition to any other earnings, the basic rate of 3 cents a day for the first year and 1 cent a day thereafter.

FEDERAL PRISONS

Federal Prison Industries, Inc., a Government corporation, oper­ ated shops in 12 of the Federal Prisons. All prisoners employed in these shops, with the exception of aliens without dependents in this country, received compensation. In some cases this was based upon an hourly rate ranging from 3K to 10 cents, and in others upon a group piece-work plan. During the fiscal year 1940, $278,091 in wages was shared by an average of 2,938 paid workers, resulting in an annual average of $94.65 per man. A prisoner was allowed to use 25 percent of his earnings. The balance was held in an account until the prisoner’s release or was sent to his dependents, if any. In eight of the prisons productively employed inmates were allowed 2 days per month “industrial good time” for the first year of employ­ ment and 4 days per month thereafter. At the discretion of the warden, an extra day of “good time” could be allowed after 1 year’s service, for “ exceptionally meritorious service” and after 4 year’s employment, to any worker with a good conduct record. Workers in the Federal prison camps received no monetary compensation but were allowed “industrial good time” of 3 days per month for the first year and 5 days per month thereafter. Prisoners returned from parole or conditional releases are not eligible for “good time.”

K in d , Q u a n tity, and Value of Production

STATE PRISONS Examination of table 14 shows that 53,691,752 auto-license tags were produced. Their valuation of $3,043,950 was higher than that of any other article manufactured in 1940. Closely approaching this was almost 40,000,000 pounds of binder twine valued at $3,039,508. Com-

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 38 PRISON* LABOR IN THE UNITE© STATES, 1940

modities in the l-to-2 million dollar class were whole milk, cotton yard goods, shoes, canned fruit and vegetables, and cotton. In terms of dollar value, auto-license tags also constituted the most important single commodity produced under the State-use system. Miscellaneous farm products (principally truck crops), whole milk, canned fruit and vegetables, shoes, cotton yard goods, and dressed pork7 each were produced in quantities valued at more than $1,000,000 and with auto tags accounted for almost two-fifths of the value of all commodities produced under the State-use system. The following classes of goods, produced for State-use in the amount of $500,000 or more, are worthy of note: Work pants, work shirts, underwear (knit and other), field corn, potatoes, highway markers (metal and wood), miscellaneous printing and binding, soap, and wool yard goods. Outstanding among the State-account sales were almost 40,000,000 pounds of binder twine valued at over $3,000,000, 66,237 bales of raw cotton valued at over $1,000,000, cotton yard-goods amounting to $805,447, and agricultural implements and parts worth $746,990. These four major items accounted for 64 percent of all State-account sales. If the values of shoes, rope, cottonseed, wood chairs, lime­ stone, sugar, jute bags, flax tow and fiber, and the item labor only (clothing), each in excess of $100,000 were added to these others, the total would represent 88 percent of all such sales. No other, of a total of 128 classes of goods sold, equaled 1 percent. Under the public works and ways system, major repairs to roads employed more men and exceeded in dollar value all other types of construction. Only in the prisons of two States, Florida and South Carolina, was the piece-price system in use. Sales of four furniture items and three clothing items totaled 59 percent and 41 percent, respectively, of all production under this system.

FEDERAL PRISONS

The Federal institutions employ prisoners and produce goods and services only under the State-use and public works and ways systems. The only items sold on the open market are certain excess farm products. The volume of such sales in 1940 was $404, a negligible amount. The ratio of State-use to public works and ways production was 76 to 24. The combined market values of 328,697 pairs of shoes and 4,846,306 yards of duck and canvas, each in excess of $1,000,000, represented 35 percent of all goods produced. Brushes valued at $757,194 comprised an additional 13 percent. Thus, almost half (48 percent) of the market value of all goods produced is accounted for in the production of these three classes of commodities. Two classes

7 Including pork dressed on farm and in abattoirs. The latter is classified under “ other manufactured products.”

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis KIND, QUANTITY, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION 39

(brooms and tents) had a production value in excess of $200,000 and seven others (suits, work shirts, milk, steel transfer cases, steel shelving, wood chairs, and mattresses) ranged from $113,000 to $154,000. Under the public works and ways system, approximately 80 percent of the prisoners and 78 percent of the value of completed works were concentrated in the construction of new buildings. Miscellaneous construction included such items as water, sewer and steam lines, and major repairs to sea walls.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e 1 4 .— K in d , Quantity, and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by System of Work, 1940 O Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Average number of pris­ Total State use Public works and State account Piece price Type of production and commodities produced Unit oners ways em­ 'STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON ployed Quan­ Quan­ Quantity Value Quantity Value tity Value Quantity Value tity Value

Total, State and Federal prisons______83,515 $56,731,654 $34,159, 572 $13,448, 838 $8,823, 266 $299,978

State prisons

76, 775 $48,995,818 $28, 255,175 $11,617,803 $8, 822,862 $299,978 Agricultural implements and parts: Agricultural implements______Each___ ■j f 9,945 587,459 35 2, 908 9,910 584, 551 Do-______0) 14,025 0) 14,025 Agricultural implement parts______Each___ [ 298 \ 357 3, 398 2 14 355 3, 384 Do______0) 160, 747 0) 1,692 0) 159,055 Repairs__ _ . r l 0) 11,942 (i) 11,942 Bakery products, commercial______19 0) 32,043 0) 32,043 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms______. Dozen... 1 [ 15,376 83,853 12,165 80,882 3, 211 2,971 Brushes______Dozen... > 358 < 12,681 93,398 12,675 93,351 6 47 Mops__ ... ______Each___ J l 25,123 6,938 21,055 6,805 4,068 133 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick______M .... 19,860 212,029 15,980 172, 217 3,880 39, 812 Building tile______Each___ 438,159 18,806 102,147 4,826 336,012 13,980 Concrete blocks______Each___ 131, 250 21,884 131, 250 21,884 Concrete cemetery vaults______. Each___ 236 1, 652 236 1,652 Concrete cribbing.. ______0) 9,071 0) 9,071 Concrete curbstones______. .. Each___ i 1,208 , } 735 2, 205 735 2, 205 Concrete grave markers______Each___ 180 1,800 180 1,800 1940 Concrete pipe______0) 71,180 0) 71,032 0) 148 Concrete posts______Each___ 30,304 40,667 30, 304 40,667 Drain tile______Each___ 37,446 2,108 36, 246 2,075 1,200 33 Roofing tile______Squares. 768 11,360 768 11,360 Miscellaneous______0) 9,307 0) . 8,913 0) 394 Clothing, other than knit: Aprons... . _ ... ______Dozen... 4,400 16,452 4,400 16,452 Bathrobes______Dozen... 165 4,437 165 4,437 Children’s play suits______D ozen - 57 334 27 166 30 168 Coats, dress______Each___ 22, 440 95,001 22, 437 94,990 3 11 Coats, work ... ______Dozen. 14, 329 276,430 13, 762 273,919 567 2, 511 Dresses______Each___ 45,682 33, 968 45,682 33, 968

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis KIND, QUANTITY, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION 37,644 42, 791 42, 5,058 8,463 41,407 37, 710 37,

116 123 971 3, 562 3, 7,206 1, 572 1, 1,934 6,822 10,283 23,335 67,125 1,737 ■ 20, 736 20, 160,193 593,377 2 131, 711 131, 2 3,036, 526 3,036,

15 68 418 889 795 1 2,740 1,318 0) 0) 0) 0) 22, 319 22, 55,935 76,281 3,127 101,421 295, 635 295, 5,030,593 39,899,909

103 171, 795 171, 333, 371 333, 373,045 2,959, 4,112,184 305 668, 3, C1) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

8,367 1,894 2,982 6, 993 6, 43,154 73.655 44,952 22,897 38,402 17,965 16.655 14, 243 14, 68,775 39,903 15,623 22,972 30,482 84, 341 84, 661 75, 28, 233 28, 184,631 104,945 243,247 795, 712 795, 542 143, 193,835 535,900 493,137 492,426 164,420 150, 201 150, 135,130 122,892 1,269, 548 1,269, 1, 648,511 1,

1,064 5,340 5,672 8,157 2,860 8,840 2, 579 2, 17,308 10,453 14,600 17, 308 17, 22, 292 22, 589 28, 57, 515 57, 33,703 755 64, 78,744 25,144 10,435 0) 0) 0) 39,348 (*) 0) 166,211 123,625 625, 550 625, 285,972 702,906 216,480 464, 572 464, 1,256,036 4, 213, 512 213, 4, 60,741,909 8,367 8,367 8, 565 8, 43,154 43,154 73,655 73,655 17,965 17,965 655 16, 14,243 44,952 38,402 38,402 15,623 22,972 22,972 40,874 86,275 86,275 37,304 28, 233 233 28, 77,398 184,631 184,631 104,945 111, 689 689 111, 246,809 246,809 542 143, 587, 590 590 587, 193,835 840,562 840,562 493,253 492,426 492,426 795 171, 333, 371 371 333, 187,755 595,271 135,130 373,045 217,326 628 143, 2 154,608 154,608 2 1,429,741 1,429,741 2,959,103 2,959,103 4,112,184 4,112,184 3, 668,305 668,305 3, 3,039,508 1, 651,638 651,638 1, 5,340 5,340 1,064 1,064 5, 672 672 5, 8,157 8,157 4,178 4,178 3,374 3,374 17,308 17,308 10,453 10,453 14,600 14,600 28, 589 589 28, 25,144 710 22, 33, 703 703 33, 702 70, 10,435 89,947 530 57, 55,086 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) C1) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 166, 211 166, 123,625 726.971 285.972 725, 225 225 725, 464, 572 572 464, 272,415 272,415 1, 551, 671 671 551, 1, 4,213, 512 512 4,213, 60,818,190 60,818,190 f39,939,257 f39,939,257 5,039,433 L 927 418 418 750. 298 954 954 7,719 2,123 2,123 5,444 316 1, 1, 572 1, 12,377 12,377 1 } ______pairs. pairs. pairs. D ozen Each___ Each___ Each___ Dozen. D ozen - Pairs Pairs D ozen D ozen- Each Each D ozen Dozen.-. D ozen - „Dozen. Dozen... Dozen... Pounds. Dozen... Pounds. Pounds. D ozen - Head_‘_. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. H ead... Pounds. Pounds...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______. ______...... ______------Louis ______St. See See footnotes at end of table. Overalls Overcoats Gloves and mittens. Gloves and Handkerchiefs Pajamas and nightgowns.. and Pajamas Hats and and caps Hats Gloves and mittens...... and Gloves Labor only dress Pants, workPants, dress Shirts, Miscellaneous Shirts, work Shirts, new______Shoes, repaired Shoes Suits men’s and boys’Underwear, Miscellaneous Land development Underwear, women’s children’s. and Underwear, Hosiery Uniforms Major repairs to buildings Major repairs to roads______Majorrepairs Vests, men’sVests, Underwear Buildings Beef, dressed Beef, Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Roads twine______Binder Cream Milk, whole Cattle dressed Beef, Cattle Milk,skimmed Rope Butter Miscellaneous of Clothing, knit: Clothing, Construction: Cordage: Farming, cattle: Farming, Farming, dairy: Farming, 408102-42- Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e 14.— K in d , Quantity, and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by System of Work, 1940— Continued bO

Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Average number Public works and Type of production and commodities produced Unit of pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON em­ ployed Quan­ Quan­ Quantity Value Quantity Value tity Value Quantity Value tity Value

State prisons— Continued Farming, field crops and garden: Barley______Bushels . 46,456 $24,797 46,456 $24, 797 Beets, sugar or stock------0) 17,913 C1) 13,001 0) $4,912 Corn, field______Bushels. 1,076,291 689,664 1,074,291 688,464 2,000 1,200 Cotton______Bales__ 69,098 1,169,992 2,861 137,105 66,237 1,032,887 Cottonseed------Tons___ 10,404 299, 647 6,260 188,900 4,144 110,747 Ensilage------Tons___ 56,399 404,073 56.399 404,073 Flaxseed------Bushels. 24,163 57,324 24,163 57,324 Fodder----- —------Tons___ 16,564 55,131 16,564 55,131 Hay______Tons___ 47,040 489,669 46,694 485.141 346 4,528 Labor only------17,380 0) 1,377 0) 1,350 0) 27 Molasses------Gallons. 35,045 13,935 35,045 13,935 Oats______Bushels. 158,651 67,895 158,651 67,895 Peanuts------0) 16,402 0) 11,396 (>) 5,006 Potatoes______Bushels. 752,486 661,443 684,391 578,402 68,095 83,041 Straw------Tons___ 4,501 23, 255 4,501 23,255 Sugarcane------Tons___ 80,424 225,884 69,794 195,173 10,630 30, 711 Tobacco______Pounds. 42,000 6,000 42,000 6,000 Wheat______Bushels. 123, 557 99,351 123,154 98,847 403 504 Miscellaneous...... (0 1,554,852 0) 1, 503,665 0) 51,187 Farming, hogs: Hogs______- ( (1) 5,485 0) 3,648 0) 1,837 Do______- ______Head___ 664 I 34,548 455,788 30,781 402,876 3, 767 52,912

Pork, dressed______Pounds. 1 7,130,234 624,924 6,949,114 614,746 181,120 10,178 1940 Miscellaneous______l 0) 14,653 0) 14,653 Farming, poultry and poultry products: Eggs------Dozen... 182,724 805,125 180,665 11,908 2,059 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 117,092 564,345 109.142 45, 334 7,950 Poultry, live..------H ead... 376 37,027 57,392 34,952 2,236 2,075 Do______2,822 0) 2,773 0) 49 Miscellaneous...... 106 (l) 106

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farming, miscellaneous: Farm hands hired out----- 0) 4,616 (9 4,082 0) 534 Livestock, miscellaneous.. 0) 15,340 (9 4,622 0) 10,718 Miscellaneous______1 (9 67,371 (9 58,395 0) 8,976 Furniture, metal: Beds______Each___ 9,309 91, 727 9,309 91,727 Bedsprings______Each__ 2,692 6,057 2,692 6,057 Benches______Each__ 603 1,640 503 1,640 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc... Each___ 738 450 11,454 450 11,454 Cabinets, storage------Each__ 1,524 36,389 1,524 36,389 Chairs.______Each__ 3, 531 7,473 3,531 7,473 Crib sides______Pairs__ 250 1,000 250 1,000 Desks______Each__ 447 6,458 447 6,458

Document files______Each___ 4,608 4,597 4,608 4, 597 PRODUCTION OF VALUE AND QUANTITY, Filing cases______Each___ 2, 271 33,016 2,271 33,016 Lockers______Each___ 6, 251 49, 379 6,251 49,379 Repairs______1,600 (9 1,600 Shelving______27, 560 (9 27,560 Stools______Each___ 150 150 150 150 Tables______Each__ 2,334 32,819 2,334 32,819 Transfer cases______Each___ 2,167 6,908 2,167 6,908 Waste baskets______Each___ 3, 230 1,475 3,230 1,475 Miscellaneous______(9 10,818 0) 10,722 (9 96 Furniture, wooden: Bedroom suites______Each___ 85 2,178 85 2,178 Beds______Each___ 1,842 IQ, 543 239 2,056 1,603 8,487 Benches______Each___ 2,356 16,427 2,273 16,189 83 238 Benches, manual training. Each___ 7 284 7 284 Bookcases______Each___ 519 3,425 519 3,425 Breakfast sets______Each___ 7,411 87, 751 17 244 7,394 87,507 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc... Each___ 1,483 23, 200 1,266 20,050 217 3,150 Cabinets, storage______Each___ 146 1,335 146 1.335 Cabinets and tables_____ (9 7,228 0) 7,228 Chairs______Each___ 137,289 394, 577 62,822 256,150 58,647 104,804 15, 820 $ 33,623 Chairs, upholstered_____ Each___ 8,170 63,648 40 780 421 1, 263 7, 709 61, 605 Davenports, sofas, etc___ Each___ 8,766 109, 982 1,360 28,284 38 176 7, 368 81,522 Desks______Each___ 2,966 3,854 114, 666 3,801 113,763 53 903 Fiber articles______Each.... 356 2, 359 356 2,359 Filing cases______Each___ 262 6,118 254 5,923 8 195 Living-room suites______Each___ 73 2,232 73 2,232 Ottomans______Each___ 1,381 2, 870 683 1,484 698 1,386 Repairs______(9 33, 609 (9 24,668 0) 8,941 Stands______Each___ 264 1, 387 264 1, 387 Stools______Each___ o, voo 5,580 3,088 5,580 Tables______Each___ 17,433 166,827 10,288 126,349 7,145 40,478 Tavern fixtures______(9 4,039 (9 4,039 Trays, letter______Each___ 1,217 1,010 1,217 1,010 Venetian blinds______Each___ 1,699 12,695 1,684 12,573 15 122 Waste baskets______Each___ 7,272 3, 589 7,272 3,589 Miscellaneous______0) 127,536 (9 107,238 (9 20, 298 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e 14.— Kind, Quantity, and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by System of Work, 1940— Continued

Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Average number Public works and Type of production and commodities produced Unit of pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON em­ ployed Quantity Quan­ Quan­ Value Quantity Value tity Value Quantity Value tity Value

State prisons— Continued Furniture, other than metal or wood: Labor only______0) $3, 592 0) $3, 592 Mattresses______Each___ 64,013 360,988 63,814 359, 225 199 $1, 763 Pillows______Each... 457 20,987 20,852 20,977 20,838 10 14 Repairs______0) 12,822 0) 9,829 0) 2,993 Miscellaneous______0) 4,328 (0 4,147 0) 181 Grain-mill products: Cornmeal______Barrels 14,346 63,485 14,346 63,485 Feed______Tons___ 2,882 88,100 2,468 77, 586 414 10,514 Flax meal______Tons . . . 160 3.383 160 3, 383 Flour______Barrels.. 31,768 166,311 28, 394 146,066 3,374 20,245 Grits______Pounds. 119 351, 570 6.384 354,570 6,384 Labor only______0) 504 0) 504 Wheat cereal______Pounds. 202,360 5,666 202,360 5,666 Miscellaneous______0) 3,256 0) 3, 256 Laundry, commercial______Pounds. 249 4,497,929 125,100 4, 253,643 118,260 244, 286 6,840 Metal products—Tags, highway markers,and signs: Auto license tags______Each___ (53,691,752 3,043,950 53, 691, 752 3,043,950 Brackets______Each___ 14,890 396 14,890 396 Highway markers______Each.. 270,150 471,042 269,809 470, 567 341 475 Repairs______(0 4,468 0) 4,468 Each___ > 2,008 164,478 159,028 162, 548 158, 634 1,930 394 Do______0) 1,764 0) 1,401 0) 363 Tags, miscellaneous 3______Each. 21, 514, 534 127, 352 21, 514, 484 127,348 50 4 Miscellaneous...... 0) 2,862 0) 2,241 0) 621 1940 Metal products, miscellaneous: Aluminum ware.______Pieces . 58, 653 26,470 58, 653 26,470 Do...... 0) 4, 765 0) 4,765 Animal cages______Each.... 464 3,474 464 3,474 Beetle traps______Each.... 52,000 14,160 52,000 14,160 Castings______Pounds. 3, 614,054 145, 784 3, 614,054 145, 784 Do______0) « 54, 221 (0 * 53, 559 0) 66§ Chains, tire______Sets-- 1,896 11,416 1,896 11,416 Chains, miscellaneous_____ 0) 979 0) 979 Galvanized ware...... Pieces. 62, 244 60,600 62, 230 60,576 14 24 D o...... 1,155 0) 5,948 0) 5,948

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Highway guard rails______o) 9,591 0) 9,591 Iron hollow ware______Pieces... 1,535 350 277 2,345 1,258 Repairs______C1) 36, 798 0) 36, 798 Steelware, stainless______Pieces. .. 1,780 1,818 1,780 1,818 Tin cans...... Each__ 156,471 7, 442 156,471 7,442 Tinware______Pieces. .. 266,874 23,963 266, 874 23,963 Do______0) 16,974 0) 16,974 Miscellaneous______0) 94, 687 0) 93,998 0) 689 Mining, coal...______Tons__ 729 152, 363 244,609 152,363 244,609 PRODUCTION OF VALUE AND QUANTITY, KIND, Paint..______Gallons.. 63 117, 447 196,413 117, 349 196,241 98 172 Printing and binding: Bookbinding and blank books. _ Each___ r 3i, 1 3 1 9,584 31,131 9,584 Envelopes______Each__ 1,121 19,841, 468 56, 697 19,841, 468 56, 697 Letterheads______Each__ 10, 284,104 29,471 10, 284,104 29,471 Miscellaneous______0) 561, 285 0) 560,536 0) 749 Quarrying and rock crushing: Lime and agricultural limestone. Tons ... 193,190 190, 215 10,837 13,650 182,353 176, 565 Stone, building______Tons__ { 16,863 96, 590 16, 830 96,528 33 62 Stone, crushed______Tons__ 372,036 283, 422 350, 275 261.047 21,761 22, 375 Miscellaneous______0) 3,010 0) 3,010 Soap and other detergents: Soap______Pounds. 8,831, 414 527, 798 8, 830,800 527, 755 614 43 Soap, liquid..______Gallons _ 262 21, 709 6, 654 21, 709 6,654 * Miscellaneous...... 1 0) 2,333 0) 2,333 Sugar: Cane syrup______Gallons. 148 / 754,379 77, 987 195, 781 49,983 558, 598 28,004 Sugar______Pounds. } 111, 107, 239 320,488 622,825 19,604 10,484,414 300,884 Textiles: Bags, jute*______Dozen _. 498, 584 457, 263 592 865 497,992 456, 398 Blankets______Each__ 46, 566 111, 031 46, 566 111,031 Cloths, knit, mop and polish___ Pounds 42, 538 11, 275 42, 538 11, 275 Cotton yard goods, heavy______Square yards. 250, 862 49,962 250,862 49,962 Do______Yards... 486 235 486 235 Cotton yard goods, light______Square 5,894,052 917,545 5,894,052 917,545 yards. Do______Yards __ 15, 625,112 913, 658 1, 834, 721 108, 211 13,790, 391 805, 447 Duck and canvas______Square 70,834 14, 230 70,834 14, 230 yards. 5,384 Gauze bandage______Pounds. 2, 350 603 2,350 603 Miscellaneous jute products____ 0) 831 0) 831 Rugs______Square 482 5, 417 482 5,417 yards. Twine______0) 215 0) 215 Wool yard goods______Square 799, 376 632, 237 785,986 617,126 13,390 15, 111 yards. Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 1,601,086 297,974 1, 601,086 297,974 Yarn, wool______Pounds. 124, 203 99, 303 124, 203 99, 303 Miscellaneous______0) 2,160 0) 2,160 See footnotes at end of table. O i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e 14.—K in d , Quantity, and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by System of Work, 1940—Continued 05

Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Average number Public works and State account Type of production and commodities produced Unit of pris­ Total State use ways Piece price

oners STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON em­ ployed Quan­ Quan­ Quantity Value Quantity Value tity Value Quantity Value tity Value

State prisons— Continued Textile products: Auto-certificate holders----- 0) $1,004 C1) $1,004 Bags, cloth------Dozen.. 10,774 25, 781 10,774 25, 781 Bags, tobacco______D ozen - 115,946 6,199 115,946 6,199 Covers, mattress...... Each___ 3, 965 5,201 3, 965 5,201 Door mats------Each___ 1, 512 2, 778 1, 512 2, 778 Flags 6______Each___ 54,021 43,592 53,920 42,389 101 $1, 203 Hooked rugs______3,020 0) 3,020 Labor only------196 0) 32 0) 164 Mop heads______Dozen.. 4,312 17,198 4, 312 17,198 Pillowcases______Dozen.. 965 22, 514 48,833 22,507 48,748 7 85 Repairs______0) 224 0) 112 112 Sheets..______Dozen.. 29,158 213,414 29, U 213, 374 « 2 40 Spreads______Each___ 21,568 21,446 21, 568 21,446 Tents______Each___ 24 300 24 300 Ticks, m attress ...... _ -. E a c h - 6,091 11,862 6,091 11,862 Ticks, pillow— ...... Each___ 2,529 600 2, 529 600 Towels______Dozen.. 52,546 101,606 52, 539 101, 574 7 32 Miscellaneous...... 0) 41,160 0) 37,282 0) 3,878 Wood products: Baskets______Each___ 24,961 19, 530 14, 707 2,104 10, 254 17,426 Boxes______Each___ 2,921 926 2,921 926 Coffins and rough boxes__ Each___ 188 3,582 165 3,047 23 535 Crutches______Each___ 2,325 1,163 100 50 2,225 1,113

Handles, brush and broom. Each__ 57, 508 3, 369 57, 508 3, 369 1940 Hickory poles______Each___ 140,000 700 140,000 700 Highway markers...... Each___ 34,000 54,560 34,000 54, 560 Do______0) 9.242 0) 9,242 Lumber...... Board 591 4,951, 596 101, 261 4,477, 596 92, 729 474,666 8,532 feet. Millwork____ 0) 42,173 0) 42,115 0) 58 Shingles...... Bundles . 2,411 5,314 2, 411 5, 314 Stepladders-.. Each___ 58 270 58 270 Turpentine--. 0) 6,774 0) 6, 774 Willows_____ Pounds. 52,000 3. 640 52,000 3,640 Wood, fuel___ 12,798 0) 10, 587 0) 2, 211 Miscellaneous 9, 307 0) 6,909 0) 2,398

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Other manufactured products: Beef, dressed______Pounds. 1, 337,236 165,029 1, 337, 236 165,029 Boxes, paper______Each__ 200,910 6, 492 200,910 ; 6,492 Canned fruit and vegetables. Cases. 743,978 1, 258, 645 682, 678 1,172, 629 61,300 86,016 (0 138,148 G) 138,148 Cement______Bags___ 295 400 OQtC 400 Coffee, roasted______Pounds. 1,250,675 164,338 1, 250,675 164, 338 Dehydrated vegetables______Pounds. 60,506 5,974 51,612 5,874 8,894 100 Doormats______G) 11,107 G) 11,107 Envelopes, auto tag...... Each__ 2,028,150 7, 658 2,028,150 7, 658 Flax tow and fiber______Pounds. 918,187 144, 215 918,187 144,215 Harness______Sets___ 228 11, 508 8 613 220 10, 895 Do______G) 9,982 G) 7,764 (0 2,218

Insecticides, deodorants, and related chemi­ 1,912 PRODUCTION OF VALUE AND QUANTITY, cal compounds______G) 97,171 G) 97,171 Labor only______G) 1, 771 G) 1, 771 Meat products, miscellaneous______G) 27,693 CO 26, 645 (0 1,048 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 3, 584,401 409,831 3,542, 201 404,074 42,200 5,757 Repairs______G) 2,198 G) 1,974 (0 224 Saddlery______G) 8, 599 (0 8,599 Shoe leather______G) 27, 775 G) 25,824 (0 1,951 Snow fence______G) 22,044 G) 22,044 Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 781,175 211, 432 781,175 211, 432 Toys______Each___ 1,000 500 1,000 500 Trucks, laundry (canvas)______Each___ 834 3, 713 834 3, 713 ...... # Miscellaneous______G) 171,054 (0 164, 702 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Labor only______G) 21, 315 G) 21, 315 Repairs (machine and automotive)______134 G) 15, 313 G) 8, 754 (0 6, 559 Seafood...... G) 5,149 G) 5,149

Federal prisons

Total, all types. 6,740 $7, 735,836 $5,904, 397 $1,831,035 $404 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms______Dozen.. 46,030 216,086 46,030 216,086 Brushes...... Dozen _. 343 163, 568 755, 395 163, 568 755,395 DoJ...... (0 1,799 G) 1,799 Clothing: 1 Aprons...... Dozen.. 616 3,402 616 3,402 Bathrobes______Dozen. _ 632 11,381 632 11,381 Coats, dress______Each___ 15,000 97,972 15,000 97,972 Coats, work...... D ozen- 1,181 1,187 13, 687 1,187 13,687 Dresses______Each___ 3,677 5,459 3,677 5,459 Gloves and mittens____ Dozen 13, 709 32, 261 13,709 32, 261 pairs. See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e 14.— K in d , Quantity, and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by System of Work, 1940— Continued 00

Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Average number Public works and Type of production and commodities produced Unit of pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price

oners STATES, UNITED THE. IN LABOR PRISON em­ ployed Quan­ Quan­ Quantity Value Quantity Value tity Value Quantity Value tity Value

Federal prisons— Continued Clothing—C ontinued. Hats and caps...... Dozen... 1,996 $4,209 1,996 $4, 209 Labor only______0) 654 0) 654 Overalls______Dozen... 767 12, 506 767 12,506 Overcoats______Each___' 9,646 84,008 9,646 84, 008 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen... 4,767 30,473 4, 767 30,473 Pants, dress______Each__ 23,857 80,490 23,857 80,490 Pants, work______Dozen... 6,059 60,634 6,059 60, 634 Shirts, work______Dozen... 1 1Q1 12,899 119,657 12,899 119,657 Shoes, new______Pairs__ 1, lol 328,697 1,013,908 328,697 1,013,908 Shoes repaired------Pairs___ 18,670 10,074 18,670 10,074 Suits______Each__ 14,182 120,130 14,182 120,130 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 9,987 31,659 9,987 31,659 Underwear, women’s and children’s. Dozen... 396 1,934 396 1,934 Uniforms______Each.:.. 214 2,500 214 2,500 Vests, men’s______Each__ 18,485 . 22,711 18,485 22,711 Miscellaneous______0) 4,728 0) 4,728 Construction: Buildings______1,806 0) 1,434,173 0) $1,434,173 Land development______9 0) 7,660 0) 7,660 Major repairs to buildings...... 149 0) 78, 725 0) 78, 725 Major repairs to roads______8 0) 4,750 0) 4, 750 Roads______238 0) 202,142 0) 202,142 M iscellaneous...... 61 0) 103,585 0) 103, 585 Farming, cattle: 1940 Beef, dressed..______Pounds. 69 f 43,053 5,383 43, 053 5, 383 Miscellaneous...... } l 0) 238 0) 238 Farming, dairy: Beef, dressed...... Pounds. 64,971 7,598 64,971 7, 598 Cattle______Head__ 345 11,530 261 11,177 81 $353 Milk, whole______Pounds. 137 5,605,873 123,666 5,605,873 123,666 j Miscellaneous______0) 12, 590 0) 12,533 1 . _ . 0) £i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farming, field crops and garden: Barley______Bushels- 6, 146 2,468 6,146 2, 468 Beets, sugar or stock______Tons___ 142 566 142 566 Cane syrup______Gallons. 1,796 880 1,796 880 Corn, field______Bushels. 27, 799 14,077 27, 799 14, 077 Ensilage______Tons___ 2, 158 11,940 2,158 11, 940 Fodder______Tons___ 220 404 220 404 H a y..______Tons___ 732 < 2, 347 17, 692 2,347 17, 692

Oats______Bushels. 7, 922 2,249 7,922 2, 249 PRODUCTION OF VALUE AND QUANTITY, KIND, Peanuts...... Bushels. 810 741 810 741 Potatoes______Bushels. 18, 718 10,937 18,718 10, 937 Straw______Tons___ 155 667 155 667 Wheat______Bushels. 6, 750 4, 768 6,750 4, 768 Miscellaneous...... 0) 67,966 0) 67, 966 Farming, hogs: Hogs______Head__ 3, 258 33.455 3,258 33, 455 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 57 928, 848 79.456 928,848 79, 456 Miscellaneous______! C1) 5,802 0) 5,802 Farming, poultry and poultry products: Eggs------Dozen.. _ 61, 350 14,471 61, 350 14, 471 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 23, 862 4,370 23,862 4, 370 Poultry, live...... Head__ } 3, 341 3,347 3, 341 3, 347 Furniture, metal: Beds______Each__ 4,189 51,659 4,189 51, 659 Bookcases______Each___ 1, 256 13, 201 1,256 13, 201 Cabinets______Each__ 621 11,177 621 11, 177 Cases, transfer______Each__ 40,829 113,064 40,829 113, 064 Chairs______Each___ 2,021 5,208 2, 021 5, 208 Lockers______Each__ 326 { 1,953 13,674 1,953 13, 674 Shelving______0) 135,159 0) 135, 159 Tables______Each___ 585 7, 714 585 7, 714 Trays, food______Each___ 7, 684 7,878 7, 684 7, 878 Waste baskets______Each___ 12, 325 13,448 12, 325 13,448 Miscellaneous...... 0) 50, 672 0) 50, 672 Furniture, wood: Beds_____ „______Each__ 22 340 22 340 Benches______Each__ 252 3, 215 252 3, 215 Bookcases______Each__ 41 453 41 453 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each___ 71 1,394 71 1, 394 Cabinets______Each___ 794 1,916 794 1, 916 Chairs______Each___ 23,190 140, 721 23,190 140, 721 Davenports, sofas, e tc...______Each__ 676 20,400 676 20, 400 Desks______Each___ 398 10,918 398 10, 918 Fiber articles______Each___ 466 4,464 466 4,464 Repairs______0) 68 68 Stands______Each___ 85 899 899 Stools______Each___ 1,997 17, 973 1,997 17, 973 Tables______Each___ 749 13,188 749 13, 188 Trays, letter______Each___ 583 570 583 570 Miscellaneous______0) 28,809 0) 28, 809 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e 1 4 . —Kind, Quantity, and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons, by System of Work, 1940—C o n t i n u e d O i O

Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Average number Public works and Type of production and commodities produced Unit of pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price

oners 19 40 STATES-, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON em­ ployed Quan­ Quan­ Quantity Value Quantity Value tity Value Quantity Value tity Value

Federal prisons— Continued Furniture, other than metal or wood: Mattresses______Each___ 1 f 47,482 $154,996 47,482 $154,996 Pillows______Each___ r 51 \ 44 83 44 83 Repairs______... J l o) 975 (0 975 Laundry, commercial: Dry-cleaning------Pieces.._ f 75,998 13,919 75,998 13,919 Laundry, commercial______Pounds.. } 210 \ 2,911,566 78, 988 2,911, 566 78,988 Metal products—Tags, highway markers, and signs: Auto license tags______Each__ 5 25,157 6,792 25,157 6,792 Metal products, miscellaneous: Castings______Pounds. } 36 f 479,819 38, 510 479,819 38, 510 Miscellaneous______1 0) 5,161 (0 5,161 Printing and binding, miscellaneous______79 0) 89, 791 0) 89, 791 Textiles- Cotton yard goods, light______Square ’ 37,079 13,915 37,079 13,915 yards. Do______Yards... 165,659 13,803 165,659 13,803 Duck and canvas.. Yards... ( 728 4,846,306 1,060,431 4,846,306 1,060,431 Tape______Yards... 331,378 1,657 331,378 1,657 Wool yard goods.. Square 212 281 212 281 yards. Textile products: Bags, cloth______Dozen... 3,152 94,570 3,152 94,570 Flags______Each__ 115 1,825 115 1,825 Labor only______0) 41 0) 41 Parachutes, meteorological.. Each___ 16,744 29,354 16,744 29,354 Pillowcases______Dozen... 931 2,123 931 2,123 Sheets______Dozen. _ ► 169 629 4,392 629 4,392 Spreads______Each__ 36 88 36 88 Tents______Each__ 164,974 223,381 164,974 223, 381 Ticks, mattress______Each__ 6, 511 9, 767 6, 511 9, 767 Towels______Dozen. _ 3,677 8,140 3,677 8,140 Miscellaneous______0) 2, 506 . 0) 2, 506

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Wood products: Boxes______Each___ 6,227 6,384 6,227 6,384 Brush blocks______Each__ 607, 844 34,183 607,844 34,183 Brush handles______Each__ 74 642,166 24, 943 642,166 24,943 Wood, fuel______0) 4,950 0) 4,950 Other manufactured products: Canned fruit and vegetables. Cases... 16,834 30,261 16, 834 30,261 Door mats______84 0) 8,151 0) 8,151

Trucks, laundry (canvas).__ Each__ 17,952 78,812 17,952 78,812 PRODUCTION OF VALUE AND QUANTITY, KIND, Miscellaneous______0) 18,468 0) 18,468

1 Enumeration impracticable. 4 Includes 2,030 cast-iron road signs valued at $19,625. 2 Includes labor and trim in fabricating the following: 1,736 dozen coats and jackets; 8 Cloth woven and bags fabricated in textile mill. 7,459 dozen coveralls; 37 dozen pajamas; 24,936 dozen pants; 15,034 dozen play suits; 8 Includes 40,000 danger flags valued at $2,468. 16,341 dozen shirts; and 185 dozen shorts with a total valuation of $130,226. 710-percent complete. 3 Includes 17,294,000 tax tokens valued at $31,519 and 2,276,144 dog and hunters tags valued at $39,704.

Or

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis A p p en d ix A

General Tables

Table A shows the kind, quantity, and value of articles produced, together with the systems under which they were disposed of, in each of the State prisons during the year 1940. Table B presents similar data for Federal prisons. Most articles produced in any considerable quantity are shown separately and classified under type of production and subheading. Where production of certain articles has been relatively unimportant, they have been included under “miscellaneous.” 53

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , and institution O i ALABAMA

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PRISON SYSTEM $1,024,854 $733,060 $837,175 Total______5,002 ______$2,595,089 ______= —— ... Brooms, brushes, and mops: Mops___ . . Each.... 2 2,341 632 2,341 632 Clothing, other than knit______91 Aprons______Dozen 553 1,128 553 1,128 Coats, work______. Dozen _ 1,383 19, 915 1,383 19, 915 Dresses______Each.. 2, 736 2,006 2, 736 2,006 Hats and caps______Dozen. _ 2,623 3,462 2,623 3,462 Overalls______Dozen _ , 558 8,035 558 8,035 Pants, work______. Dozen. _ 3,865 39,423 3,865 39,423 Shirts, work______Dozen. _ 6,479 31,099 6,479 31,099 Suits______Each.. 1, 719 11,174 1, 719 11,174 Underwear, women’s and children’s__ Dozen. _ 2,374 9,401 2,374 9,401 Miscellaneous ______0) 1,131 0) 1,131 Clothing, knit______28 Hosiery______Doz. pr. 8,793 9,496 8,793 9,496 Underwear _ _ . ______... Dozen . 2,024 9, 715 2,024 9,715 Construction: Buildings.. ______36 0) 24, 700 0) 24, 700 Construction: Major repairs to buildings ... 86 0) 60,108 0) 60,108 Construction: Major repairs to roads______2,343 648,252 0) 648, 252 Farm: Cattle______Head__ 37 (,)607 49,622 607 49,622 Farm: Dairy______30 Butter.. Pounds. 4,745 1,424 4, 745 1,424 28, 589Milk, wholePounds. .. . _616,990 28, 589 616, 990 28, 589Milk, Farm: Field crops and garden______1,435 1940 Corn, field.. ______Bushels . 102,000 73,440 102,000 73, 440 Cotton. ______Bales _ 1,441 68, 522 1,441 68, 522 Cottonseed ...... _ . . Tons 550 17,600 550 17,600 Hay______... ___ . Tons 1,050 15, 750 1,050 15, 750 Oats__ . ______... Bushels. 28,000 14, 000 28,000 14,000 Potatoes ______Bushels. 14,750 14,411 14, 750 14,411 Radishes. ______... ______. Crates.. 13,166 15,109 13,166 15,109 Rice______Pounds. 216,000 8,640 216,000 8, 640 Miscellaneous______...... _____ 0) 137,013 0) 134, 805 • 0) 2,208 Farm: Hogs______Head__ 15 1,532 23,133 1, 532 J 23,133

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Eggs------Dozen. 8,760 1,927 8,760 1,927 Farm: Miscellaneous______(3) (3) (3) (3) Furniture: Other than metal or wood. Mattresses______Each. 1,112 4,448 1,112 4,448 Pillows______Each. 1,045 784 1,045 784 Grain-mill products______Corn meal______Barrels. _ 5,828 29,495 5,828 29,495 Grits______Pounds. 249,600 4,493 249,600 4,493 Metal products______Auto license tags______Each. 783,557 58,164 783, 557 58,164 Highway markers______Each. 9,502 12,754 9,502 12, 754 Textiles______Blankets______Each.. 13,924 19,941 13,294 19,941 Cotton yard goods, light------Yards. 15,621,196 913,219 1,830,805 107,772 13, 790,391 805,447 GENERAL TABLES A— APPENDIX Textile products------Pillowcases______Dozen. 2,114 2, 537 2,114 2, 537 Sheets______Dozen. 2,188 9,190 2,188 9,190 Ticks, mattress______Each.. 311 2,426 311 2,426 Towels______Dozen 3,481 6,911 3,481 6,911 Miscellaneous______0) 14 0) 14 Other manufactured products______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 350,949 52, 642 350,949 52,642 Canned fruits and vegetables____ Cases... 50,192 91,925 5ft, 192 91,925 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 372,891 37, 289 372,891 37, 289

ARIZONA

STATE PRISON Total______$120,404 $66, 788 $53,616 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms___ Dozen.. 80 480 80 480 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen . 6 30 6 30 Coats, work______Dozen. 6 91 6 91 Hats and caps______Dozen. 3 4 3 4 Pants, work______Dozen. 173 1,863 173 1,863 Shirts, work______Dozen. 118 846 118 846 Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 6,420 1,404 6,420 1,404 Underwear, men’s and boys’______Dozen . 65 159 65 159 Construction: Buildings______Each.. 3 30, 997 3 30,997 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 0) 3,869 0) 3,869 Construction: Miscellaneous______0) 18, 750 0) 18, 750 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed_____ ■______Pounds . 58,859 6,474 58,859 6,474 Cattle______Head__ oq 1,930 1,930 Milk, whole.______Pounds. 530,747 9, 553 530,747 9, 553 See footnotes at end of table. Ox Ox

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . —Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued o ARIZONA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITE© THE IN LABORPRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison—continued Farm: Field crops and garden _ _ 102 Barley Bushels. 5,010 $1, 783 5,010 $1,783 Ensilage - ___ - Tons 375 3,000 375 3,000 Hay - ______Tons 590 7,080 590 7,080 Potatoes - __ ___ - ______Bushels . 705 355 705 355 Wheat ...... Bushels. 3,566 2,853 3,566 2,853 Miscellaneous______... _ 0) 5,497 (0 5,497 Farm: Hogs .. . ______. 4 Hogs _ - ______- Head 587 7,008 587 7,008 Pork, dressed ___ _ Pounds. 33,638 3,196 33,638 3,196 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 3 Eggs Dozen 3, 724 745 3,724 745 Poultry, dressed Pounds . 3,900 951 3,900 951 Poultry, live.- - Head _ 207 518 207 518 Furniture: Other than metal or wood _____ 3 Mattresses.^ _ _ . _ . Each 420 950 420 950 Grain-mill products: Flour Barrels.. 6 1,222 5,390 1,222 5,390 Textile products.. ______3 Pillowcases . . . ______.. Dozen 4 15 4 15 Sheets ___ . . . ____ Dozen 52 424 52 424 Towels . . . . ______Dozen 145 347 145 347 Other manufactured products .. . . . ___ 6 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases 1,600 2,302 1,600 2, 302 Ice.______Tons 520 1, 540 520 1, 540 1940

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A----GENERAL TABLES Or _____ : ____ = = = = = 38, 217 38, 144,107 144,107 $182,324 1, 529 1, 2,862 2,862 17, 729 17, (0 41 204Miscellaneous. 882 205 205 539Pillows. ______Each _ 539Pillows. 107 279 425 425 274 1,796 1,796 1,727 1,727 5,989 2,619 3, 350 350 3, 4, 520 520 4, 1 ,8 8 4 8,860 8,860 850 4, 14, 788 788 14, 37,468 36,148 36,148 42,329 2 2 ,1 3 1 .36,181 $227, 596$227, 729 $17, . 71 71 25 230 230 539 114 273 194 609 222 222 893 224 ) 2,009 2,009 1,473 1,473 2, 793 793 2, 2,417 2,417 0) C1) 0 20, 954 954 20, 923 39, 28, 523 523 28, 62,446 1 0 ,2 7 0 564,388 41 ARKANSAS 205 205 539 204 279 107 882 882 425 425 274 1,796 1,796 1,727 1,727 5,989 2,619 3,350 1 ,8 8 4 4,520 4,520 4,850 4,850 8,860 8,860 14, 788 788 14, 17, 729 17, 36,148 36,148 37,468 37,468 38,217 36,181 42, 329 42, 2 2 ,1 3 1 144,107 144,107 $427,649 71 25 273 114 194 194 539 222 230 893 224 ) 1,529 1,529 2,862 2,862 2,417 2,009 1,473 1,473 2, 793 793 2, 0) 0) 0) 0 20,954 20,954 39,923 62,446 62,446 523 28, 1 0 ,2 7 0 564, 388 564, 4 4 11 16" 26 13 34 31 1,166 1,313 __ __ Bushels. Dozen Tons Bushels. Bushels. Each.. 609 Tons.... Pairs Pairs _ Pairs Tons Bales Pounds Barrels Cases. Each Pounds. Pounds . . Pounds Dozen Dozen . Dozen Dozen _ Dozen.. . Dozen _ _ . Bushels. _ _ _ Dozen, . Pounds. ______

______... ______

______. . . . ______

______

______. . ______._. ______

______

______

______STATE PENITENTIARY STATE Louis St. ______Coats, work...Coats, _ _ Shoesrepaired Corn meal meal Corn _ _ _ _ Pants, workPants, new..Shoes, Pajamas and nightgowns and Pajamas Bags, cloth. Bags, __ Sheets.-. _ Beef, dressed . dressed Beef, Corn, field. Corn, . . . . Cottonseed Cotton.__ Cotton.__ Mattresses. Mattresses. Feed, stock stock Feed, Miscellaneous. Miscellaneous. __ __ Potatoes Potatoes Pillowcases Pork, dressed. _ _ Pork, dressed. ... _ _. _ _ . . . Lard. ^ _ Hay... Wheat.. __ Miscellaneous. of See footnotes at end of table. and and vegetables. Clothing Clothing Total Construction: Construction: Buildings Farm: garden______and crops Field Farm: Farm: Cattle Furniture: orwood.Furniture: metal than Other 8 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits products: fruits Canned manufactured Other Farm: Hogs ___ Grain-mill products Grain-mill Metal products: tags Autolicense products Textile

408102' Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e A..— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued O00 x CALIFORNIA

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE LABOR IN PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______-1______4,105 $1,760,266 $446,912 $856,385 $456,969 _ ------= ______Clothing______572 Aprons______Dozen 170 597 170 597 Coats, dress. ______Each 154 917 154 917 Coats, w o r k ...______Dozen 536 18,049 536 18,049 Dresses..______Each 820 1, 514 820 1, 514 Gloves and mittens______.. _ ... Doz. pr. 58 42 58 42 Hats and caps.. ______. . . _____ Dozen 579 1.784 579 1.784 Overalls__ ... _ .______...... Dozen . 1,033 5, 567 1,033 5, 567 Panamas and nightgowns.. ._ . . . ______Dozen 13 92 13 92 Pants, dress______Each _ 61 305 61 305 Pants, work.. ______Dozen ._ 736 12,014 736 12,014 Shirts, dress______. . . ______Dozen.._ 40 287 40 ' 287 Shirts, work. ______. . . ______Dozen... 1,968 8.785 1,968 8.785 Shoes, new... ______Pairs___ 13,599 21,841 13, 599 21,841 Shoes repaired______... ______Pairs___ 7,717 3,391 7, 717 3,391 Suits______. . . . ______Each.. . 2, 552 41, 545 2, 552 41, 545 Underwear, men's and boys'. ______Dozen. _. 408 873 408 873 Underwear, women’s and children’s... _ Dozen... 30 273 30 273 Uniforms______...... Each 57 177 57 177 Vests, men’s_____ . ______Each 14 42 14 42 Miscellaneous ______CO 638 (0 638 Construction: Buildings. _____ . Each___ 92 2 41, 721 2 41, 721 Construction: Major repairs to roads Miles... 45 4 3,000 4 3,000 1940 Construction: Roads . _____ M iles... 400 11 777, 550 11 777, 550 Construction: Miscellaneous______154 (0 34,114 0) 34,114 Farm: Dairy______31 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 17,564 2,305 17, 564 2,305 Butter______Pounds. 12,666 3,676 12,666 3,676 Buttermilk______Pounds . 6,372 74 6,372 74 Cattle ______Head 128 9.040 128 9,040 Cream______Pounds. 15,985 2,064 15,985 2,064 Hides. ______... Pounds . 637 32 637 32 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 403, 569 2,894 403, 569 2,894

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,171, 539 35, 536 1,171,539 35, 536 Miscellaneous______0) 1,008 0) 1,008 Farm: Field crops and garden. Barley______Bushels. 2,750 1,155 2,750 1,155 Tons___ 71 463 71 463 Bushels. 1,202 1,082 1,202 1,082 Miscellaneous______0) 10, 280 0) 10,280 Farm: Hogs______Hogs______Head__ 1,885 29,865 1,885 29,865 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 254,444 29,555 254,444 29, 555 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------Dozen. 68,343 13,119 68,343 13.119 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 27,326 4, 533 27, 326 4,533 Poultry, live______Head__ 8,619 6, 528 8, 619 6, 528 Furniture: Wood______A APPENDIX Beds______Each. 40 590 40 590 Benches______Each. 98 1,069 98 1,069 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 3 43 3 43 Cabinets______Each. 27 805 27 805 Chairs______Each. 6,029 23,727 6,029 23, 727 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each. 31 593 31 593 Desks______Each. 292 10,603 292 10,603 Filing cases______Each. 29 1,197 29 1,197 Repairs______0) 1,622 (*) 1,622 ---- Shelving______0) 1,147 0) 1,147 Stools______Each. 1, 561 3,115 1, 561 3,115 GENERAL TABLES Tables______Each. 1,220 16,633 1,220 16,633 Miscellaneous______0) 4,004 (0 4.004 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Signs______Each. 150 188 150 188 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Tinware______Pieces. 12,199 2,747 12,199 2,747 Miscellaneous______0) 329 0) 329 Printing and binding______Envelopes______Each. 310.000 721 310.000 721 Letterheads______Each. 531.000 1, 593 531.000 1, 593 Miscellaneous______0) 45,645 0) 45.645 Quarrying and rock crushing______Stone, building______Tons. 610 6,785 610 6, 785 Stone, crushed______Tons. 17, 276 26,120 16,83727,492 1, 372 439 Textiles______Bags, jute4______Dozen. 498, 584 457, 263 592 865 497, 992 456, 398 Twine______(0 215 (0 215 Miscellaneous jute products______0) 8310) 831 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 14 77 14 77 Flags______Each.. 466 1, 888 466 1, 888 Napkins______Dozen. 41 14 4114 Pillowcases______Dozen. 357 1,464 357 1,464 See footnotes at end of table. c o

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, ane? value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued o CALIFORNIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITE© THE LABOR IN PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Textile products—Continued. 79 $794 79 $794 Spreads ______Each 30 34 30 34 Tablecloths. _ . ______Each 16 24 16 24 Ticks, mattress Each 822 3,288 822 3,288 Towels ______Dozen 749 1,068 749 1,068 Miscellaneous ______0) 695 0) 695 Wood products.______. .. 33 Boxes______.. Each 60 64 60 64 Millwork .. ______0) 196 0) 196 Wood, fuel . ___ . ... . 0) 3,000 3,000 Miscellaneous _ . ______0) 201 201 Other manufactured products 110 8 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 13,445 20,264 13,445 20, 264 Dried fruits and vegetables______Pounds. 8,894 100 8,894 $100 STATE PRISON AT FOLSOM Total ______1,201 386, 312 173, 777 $211,964 571 Clothing 95 Aprons ... .______Dozen.. 19 57 19 57 Coats, dress. ______Each . 21 252 21 252 Coats, work ______Dozen 246 8,505 246 8,505

Gloves and mittens...... Doz. pr. 12 15 12 15 1940 Hats and caps ______Dozen. _ — 275 540 275 540 Overalls . . . ______Dozen 7 62 7 62 Pants, dress______Each___ — 61 305 61 305 Pants, work______Dozen. 555 9,324 555 9,324 Shirts, dress. ______. D ozen.. 40 287 40 287 Shirts, work ______Dozen 721 4, 325 721 4, 325 Shoes, new ______Pairs 4,014 7,603 4,014 7,603 Shoes repaired ...... Pairs___ — 3,037 1,519 3,037 1,519 Suits .. ______Each 720 18,000 720 18,000 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______. Dozen.. 44 132 44 132 Uniforms...... Each___ 4 80 4 80

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Each... 14 42 14 42 M iles... 89 2 180,850 2 180, 850 65 (0 31,114 0) 31,114 13 Pounds _ 3, 233 418 3,233 418 Pounds _ 12, 666 3,676 12, 666 3,676 Pounds. 6.372 74 6,372 74 48 3, 675 48 3,675 Pounds. 15,985 2,064 15,985 2,064 Pounds. 637 32 637 32 Pounds. 403, 569 2,894 403, 569 2, 894 Pounds. 198,015 5,962 198, 015 5,962 117 Bushels. 2,750 1,155 2,750 1,155 Hav 71 463 71 463 GENERAL TABLES A— APPENDIX Wheat Bushels. 1,202 1,082 1,202 1,082 Miscellaneous 0) 5,272 0) 5,272 Farm: Hogs ______3 904 13, 683 904 13, 683 Pounds. 75,072 8, 767 75,072 8, 767 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 5 Eggs Dozen 30,993 6,131 30,993 6,131 Poultry, dressed Pounds. 12,905 2,082 12,905 2,082 Poultry, live Head 5,083 3,859 5,083 3,859 Furniture: Wood _ _ 14 Benches Each 45 360 45 360 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc Each 1 25 1 25 Cabinets Each 27 805 27 805 Desks Each 4 200 4 200 Tables Each 16 128 16 128 ] Miscellaneous __ 0) 834 0) 834 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 1 signs. Siens Each 150 188 150 188 Metal products: Miscellaneous 5 Tinware Pieces... li, 292 1, 550 11, 292 1, 550 0) 325 0) 325Miscellaneous Printing and binding _ . _ 6 Envelopes Each 120,000 250 120, 000 250 Letterheads Each 220,000 660 220,000 660 M iscellaneous 0) 12,000 0 ) 12,000 Quarrying and rock crushing 639 Stone, building T ons 610 6,785 610 6,785 7,592Stone, crushedTons 19, 709 8,031 18,337 7,592Stone, 1,372 439 Textile products 9 Napkins Dozen 14 41 14 41 Pillowcases Dozen 333 1,400 333 1,400 Sheets Dozen 55 590 55 590 Tablecloths Each 16 24 16 24 Tieks, mattress Each___ — 822 3,288 822 3,288 Towels Dozen 401 741 401 741 Miscellaneous______0) 170 0 ) 170 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . —Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—C o n t i n u e d O) to CALIFORNIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of 19 40 STATES, UNITED' THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit Public works and pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison at folsom—continued

Wood products______33 Boxes. .. ______Each 24 $28 24 $28 Millwork...______(0 196 0) 196 — Wood, fuel______0) 3,000 0) 3,000 Miscellaneous.______0) 28 0) 28 Other manufactured products _ _ 110 Canned fruits and vegetables . . . Cases .. 13,445 20,264 13,445 20, 264 Dried fruits and vegetables ______Pounds. 8,894: 100 8,894 $100 STATE PRISON AT SAN QUENTIN Total______2,835 1, 362,613 261, 794 $644,421 456, 398 Clothing______437 Aprons______Dozen. 126 391 126 391 Coats, work______. . . D ozen... 290 9,544 290 9,544 Gloves and mittens______... Doz. pr 46 27 46 27 Hats and caps______D ozen... 304 1,244 304 1,244 Overalls. . . . ______. . . Dozen 1,026 5,505 1,026 5,505 Pajamas and nightgowns.______Dozen 13 92 13 92 Pants, w ork.._ . . . ______Dozen 181 2,690 181 2,690 Shirts, work______Dozen 1,247 4,460 1,247 4,460 Shoes, new Pairs 9, 585 14, 238 9, 585 14, 238 Shoes repaired______. . . . Pairs 4,680 1, 872 4,680 1,872 Suits.. ______. . . .. Each 1,832 23, 545 1,832 23,545 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ...... _. Dozen . 364 741 364 741 Uniforms . . . . Each 53 97 53 97 Miscellaneous 0) 504 0) 504 Construction: Buildings ______Each___ 92 2 41, 721 2 41, 721 Construction: Major repairs to roads _. M ile s... 45 4 3, 000 4 3.000 Construction: Roads .. ______M iles.. . 311 9 596, 700 9 596, 700 Construction: Miscellaneous. ______89 0) 3,000 0) 3.000 Farm: Dairy. ______15 Beef, dressed Pounds . 10, 532 1,207 10, 532 1,207 ______...... Head___ 72 4,900 72 4,900Cattle

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Milk, whole______Pounds. 864, 356 26,184 864, 356 26,184 Miscellaneous______(9 1,008 0$ 1, 008 Farm: Field crops and garden______114 Miscellaneous______0) 4,289 0) 4,289 Farm: Hogs______14 Hogs------H ead... 981 16,182 981 16,182 Pork, dressed______Pounds 179,372 20, 788 179,372 20,788 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______13 Eggs------34 080 6,392 34,080 6, 392 Poultry, dressed______Pounds 11, 567 1,896 11, 567 l’ 896 Poultry, live______Head 3,136 2,356 3,136 2,356 Furniture: Wood______251 Beds______40 590 40 590 Benches______Each 53 709 53 709 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 2 18 2 18 A APPENDIX Cabinets, filing______Each . 29 1,197 29 1,197 Chairs______Each _ 6,029 23, 727 6,029 23, 727 Davenports, sofas, etc______31 593 31 593 Desks______Each 288 10,403 288 10, 403 Repairs______(i) 1, 622 (i) l ’ 622 Shelving______(i) 1,147 (!) 1,147 Stools______Each 1, 561 3,115 1,561 3,115 Tables______Each 1,204 16, 505 1,204 16, 505 Miscellaneous______(■5 3,170 c5 3,170 ---- Metal products______29 Tinware______Pieces 907 1,197 907 1,197 TABLES GENERAL Miscellaneous______0) 4 (9 4 Printing and binding______34 Envelopes______Each 190, 000 471 190,000 471 Letterheads______Each . 311,000 933 311,000 933 Miscellaneous______(!) 33,645 0) 33, 645 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 161 7,783 9,245 7,783 9,245 Textiles______1,223 Bags, jute4______Dozen 498, 584 457, 263 592 865 497, 992 456, 398 Twine______(l) 215 G) 215 Miscellaneous jute products______(9 831 0) 831 Textile products______7 Bags, cloth______Dozen 14 77 14 77 Pillowcases______Dozen 24 64 24 64 Sheets______Dozen 24 204 24 204 Spreads______Each 30 34 30 34 Towels______Dozen 348 327 348 327 Miscellaneous______(9 525 (9 525 Wood products______(2) Boxes______Each 36 36 36 36 Miscellaneous______(9 173 (9 173 See footnotes at end of table.

CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued O) CALIFO R N IA —Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE INSTITUTION FOR WOMEN

Total______66 $11,341 $11, 341 Clothing . . . ______._ 40 Aprons ______Dozen 25 149 25 149 Coats, dress______Each. _. 133 665 133 665 Dresses______. Each. ._ 820 1, 514 820 1, 514 Underwear, women’s and children’s. Dozen. 30 273 30 273 Miscellaneous. .. . 0) 134 (0 134 Farm: Dairy______3 Beef, d re sse d ...______. Pounds . 3,799 680 3,799 680 Cattle______Head _ 8 465 8 465 Milk, whole___ ...... Pounds. 109,168 3, 390 109,168 3, 390 Farm: Field crops and garden______, 13 Miscellaneous______0) 719 0) 719 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 2 Eggs______Dozen 3, 270 596 3, 270 596 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 2,854 555 2,854 555 H ea d ..Poultry, live. . ______Head..Poultry, 400 313 400 313 Textile products: Flags__ Each___ 8 466 1,888 466 1,888

COLORADO 1940 ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. 773 $412, 202 $269, 215 $117, 500 $25, 487 Clothing, other than knit____ 35 Aprons______Dozen. 129 399 129 399 Coats, dress______Each... 39 624 39 624 Coats, work______Dozen. 4 38 4 38 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 152 316 152 316 Overalls______Dozen.. 92 949 92 949 Pajamas and nightgowns.. Dozen.. 6 54 6 54 Pants, dress______Each... 130 1,108 130 1,108

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pants, work _ . ______Dozen . 663 5, 561 663 5, 561 Shirts, dress ______- ____ Dozen.. _ 9 157 9 157 Shirts, work ______-- -- Dozen . 693 5, 391 693 5, 391 Shoes repaired ______Pairs__ 7,240 3, 496 7,240 3,496 Suits______Each__ 583 7,293 583 7, 293 Uniforms ______Each__ 17 449 17 449 Miscellaneous ______0) 50 (9 50 Clothing, knit ______18 Hosiery______Doz. pr. 2,594 3,730 2, 594 3,730 Underwear ______Dozen. 1,433 8,035 1,433 8,035 Miscellaneous - ______C1) 560 0) 560 Construction: Buildings. ______Each__ 81 2 117, 500 2 117, 500 Farm: Cattle. ______15 Beef, dressed...______Pounds. 18,090 2.533 18,090 2,533 Cattle______Head 52 3,900 52 3,900 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Farm: Hairy______43 Beef, dressed______... .. Pounds. 15,882 1, 930 15,882 1, 930 Butter______Pounds. 7,638 2,291 7,638 2,291 Cattle______Head 18 900 18 900 Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,092,000 20,633 1,092,000 20, 633 Miscellaneous. ... ______0) 350 0) 350 Farm: Field crops and garden______. 90 Hay______Tons . 125 1, 250 125 1,250 ______0) 18, 355 0) 16, 995Miscellaneous 0) 1, 360 Farm: Hogs 31 Hogs.. ______Head 148 3,700 148 3,700 Pork, dressed______. ______Pounds. 154, 566 10, 680 95, 276 6, 737 59, 290 3, 943 Farm: Poultry and poultry products . _ 7 Eggs______Dozen 8,122 1,868 81,22 1,868 ______... dressedPounds. 44,187 8, 214 9,164 1, 560Poultry, 35, 023 6, 654 Farm: Miscellaneous______MO Lambs______Head 214 2, 000 214 2,000 Livestock______. 0) 3,782 0) 3, 782 Wool______Pounds. 3,129 939 3,129 939 Miscellaneous ______0) 422 0) 422 Furniture: Other than metal or wood _ . 8 Mattresses____ . ______Each . 542 1,651 542 1, 651 ______Each 972 535 972 535Pillows Metal products______26 Auto license tags______Each 793, 363 79,336 793, 363 79, 336 Repairs______0) 1, 371 (0 1, 371 , Signs______Each 4,135 3,113 4,135 3,113 Tags, miscellaneous6 Each 6,000,000 9, 755 6, 000, 000 9,755 Quarrying and rock crushing.-...... 320 Sand and gravel. ______Tons . 2, 569 2,620 2, 569 2,620 Stone, building______._ Tons -_ 5,655 14,050 5, 655 14,050 Stone, crushed______Tons ... 7,250 3, 625 7,250 3, 625 Soap and other detergents . _ . _ 9 Soap. _ . _____ Pounds. 146, 318 11, 401 146, 318 11, 401 Soap, liquid...... Gallons_ 4, 509 1,074 4,509 1,074

See footnotes at end of table. O Ox

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, arid value o f articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , ami institution—Continued o c * COLORADO-Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and 19 40 STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued 24 Hooked rugs______(9 $2,687 (9 $2,687 Dozen _ 41 98 41 $98 Sheets ______Dozen 256 1,119 256 1,119 Towels ______Dozen 827 1,184 827 1,184 Miscellaneous______(9 250 (9 250 Other manufactured products______26 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases 19, 264 28,867 19,264 28,867 Tobacco, smoking and chewing ____ _ (9 5,000 (9 5,000 Miscellaneous ______(9 5,009 (9 5,009 STATE PENITENTIARY Total - ______- ______637 347, 549 228, 701 $100,000 18,848 Clothing, other than knit______31 Aprons ______Dozen 108 334 108 334 Coats, dress ______Each 39 624 39 624 Hats and caps ______Dozen 81 146 81 146 Overalls Dozen 79 829 79 829 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 6 54 6 54 Pants, dress _____ Each 130 1,108 130 1,108 Pants, work ___ Dozen 496 4,361 496 4,361 Shirts, dress ___ Dozen 9 157 9 157 Shirts, work Dozen 610 4,891 610 4,891 Shoes repaired - ______Pairs . 6,000 3,000 6,000 3,000 Suits ______Each _ 583 7,293 583 7,293 Uniforms ______Each___ 17 449 17 449 Clothing, knit ______18 Hosiery ______Doz. pr 2, 594 3, 730 2, 594 3, 730 Underwear Dozen 1,433 8,035 1,433 8,035 M iscellaneous (9 560 (9 560 Construction: Buildings Each___ 48 1 100,000 1 100,000 Farm: Dairy ___ 36 Beef, dressed...... Pounds. il, 382 1,120 II, 382 1,120

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Milk, whole ______Pounds. 966,100 18,115 966,100 18,115 Miscellaneous ______C1) 350 0) 350 Farm: Field crops and garden______56 Hay ______Tons 125 1,250 125 1, 250 ______0) 6,941 0) 5,581Miscellaneous 0) 1,360 Farm: Hogs ______20 Pork, dressed ______- Pounds. 120, 776 7, 301 61,486 3, 358 59, 290 3,943 Farm: Poultry and poultry products.__ __ _ 7 E ggs____ * " ____ Dozen 8,122 1,868 8,122 1,868 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 44,187 8, 214 9,164 1,560 35,023 6,654 Farm: Miscellaneous «35 0) 4,204 (>) 4,204 Furniture: Other than metal or wood___ __ 8 Mattresses __ 542 1,651 542 1,651 535 972 535972 Metal products 26 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Auto license tags 793,363 79, 336 793, 363 79,336 Repairs (signs) 2, 519 1,371 2, 519 1,371 Signs ___ 4,135 3,113 4,135 3,113 Tags, miscellaneous6 ______6,000, 000 9, 755 6,000, 000 9, 755 Quarrying and rock crushing _____ 295 Stone, building ______Tons 5,666 7, 500 5,666 7. 500 Stone, crushed ______Tons 7, 250 3,625 7,250 3, 625 Soan and other detergents 9 Soap ______Pounds. 146,318 11,401 146,318 11,401 Soap, liquid ______Gallons. 4,509 1,074 4, 509 1,074 Textile products 22 Hooked rugs. ______0) 2,687 0) 2,687 Pillowcases Dozen 16 38 16 38 Sheets Dozen 214 819 214 819 Towels Dozen. _. 661 834 661 834 Other manufactured products ____ 26 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 19, 264 28,867 19, 264 28,867 Tobacco, chewing and smoking Pounds. 10, 945 5,000 10, 945 5,000 Miscellaneous __ _ 0) 5,009 0) 5,009 STATE REFORMATORY Total 64, 653 6,639 ______136 40, 514 17, 500 ___ Clothing 4 Aprons _ _ Dozen 21 65 21 65 Coats, work . ______Dozen 4 38 4 38 Hats and caps ______._ _ Dozen 71 170 71 170 Overalls Dozen 13 120 13 120 Pants, work _____ Dozen 167 1,200 167 1,200 Shirts, work ______Dozen__ 83 500 83 500 Shoes repaired Pairs 1,240 496 1,240 496 Miscellaneous ______0) 50 0) 50 Construction: Buildings Each__ 33 2 17, 500 2 17, 500 Farm: Cattle 15 Beef, dressed Pounds. 18,090 2, 533 18,090 2, 533 Cattle______— Head__ 52 3,900 52 3,900 O See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued O* 00 COLORADO—Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state reformatory—Continued Farm: Dairy______7 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 4,500 $810 4,500 $810 Butter...... Pounds. 7,638 2,291 7,638 2,291 Cattle______Head.... — 18 900 18 900 IN Milk, whole. ______Pounds. 125,900 2,518 125,900 2,518 Farm: Field crops and garden______34 STATES, UNITED THE Miscellaneous______0) 11,414 0) 11,414 Farm: Hogs______11 Hogs______Head.... 148 3, 700 148 $3,700 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 33,790 3,379 33, 790 3,379 Farm: Miscellaneous______5 Lambs. ... ______Head 214 2,000 214 2,000 Wool______Pounds. 3,129 939 3,129 939 Quarrying and rock crushing_____ 25 Sand and gravel______Tons 2,569 2,620 2,569 2,620 Stone, building______Tons 655 6,550 655 6,550 Textile products______2 Pillowcases______Dozen 25 60 25 60 Sheets______Dozen 42 300 42 300 Towels______Dozen 166 350 166 350 Miscellaneous______0) 250 0) 250

CONNECTICUT 1940

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______392 $371, 935 $347,885 $9, 210 $14,840 Clay, cement, and stone products: Concrete Each___ 10 8,950 17,290 8,950 17,290 posts. Clothing______70 Coats, work______Dozen _. 222 2,541 222 2,541 Dresses______Each ... 792 877 792 877 Overalls______Dozen__ 444 3, 525 444 3,525

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pajamas and nightgowns,,. Dozen, 382 3,125 382 3,125 Pants, work______Dozen. „ 665 7,483 665 7,483 Shirts, work______Dozen.. . 1,231 8, 456 1,231 8,456 Miscellaneous.,.______0) 2,813 (9 2,813 Construction: Buildings______Each..-. 1 9, 210 1 9,210 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 22,352 2,596 21. 357 2, 432 995 164 Butter______Pounds. 4,438 1, 334 4,438 1,334 Cattle______Head. 63 2,729 16 2,400 47 329 Cream______Pounds. 4, 312 1, 313 4,312 1,313 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 99, 798 2,953 99, 798 2,953 Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,339,104 53, 018 1, 278, 947 50, 220 60,157 2,798 ’ Miscellaneous______0) 713 0) 53 (‘5 660 Farm: Field crops and garden______Corn, field______Bushels . 200 170 200 170 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Ensilage______Tons___ 909 6,864 909 6,864 Hay------Tons___ 818 13, 796 818 13, 796 Potatoes______Bushels . 10,941 9, 420 10, 730 9, 230 211 190 Miscellaneous______0) 16, 706 (9 16, 706 Farm: Hogs______Pork, dressed______i ___ Pounds. 63, 763 6,606 63, 763 6,606 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------D ozen- 56,684 16, 708 56,684 16, 70S Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 54,404 12, 507 54,404 12, 507 Farm: Miscellaneous______0) 60 0) 60 Furniture: Wood______Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each___ 16 345 16 345 Chairs______Each__ 555 960 300 300 255 660 Filing cases______Each___ 8 195 8 195 Repairs______0) 668 (9 668 Tables______Each. 96 5S2 96 582 Tavern fixtures______(9 4,039 (9 4,039 Miscellaneous______0) 2,740 (9 471 (9 2,269 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Auto license tags______Each . 189,698 16, 642 189,698 16,642 Highway markers______Each.. 413 1, 756 413 1, 756 Tags, miscellaneous______Each.. 109, 552 8.816 109, 552 8,816 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______0) 46, 024 (9 45,388 (9 636 Textile products______Pillowcases,-.______Dozen.... 70 209 70 209 Sheets______D ozen- 270 1, 521 270 1, 521 Towels______Dozen.-. 1, 594 1,876 1,594 1,876 Miscellaneous______0) 2,199 0) 2,199 Wood products______Highway markers______Each- 34,000 54, 560 34, 000 54, 560 D o.______(9 9,242 0) 9,242 See footnotes at end of table.

O O’

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , and institution— Continued o CONNECTICUT—Continued

A ver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age n u m ­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced U n it ber of Public works and pris­ T otal State use w ays State account Piece price oners em ­ ployed Q u an tity Value Q u an tity V alue Q u an tity Value Q u a n tity V alue Q u a n tity Value

ALL institutions—continued

Other manufactured products- ______36 Canned fruits and vegetables______C ase s.. 4,143 $7,041 4,143 $7,041 D o______0 ) 4,083 0 ) 4,083 Miscellaneous. ______. . . 0 ) 5,624 0 ) 4,319 0 ) $1,305 STATE PRISON AND FARM FOR WOMEN

T o tal- ______66 33,993 33, 993 C lothing. ______9 Dresses ______E ach 792 877 792 877 Miscellaneous______0 ) 1,029 0 ) 1,029 Farm: Dairy ______10 B u tte r______P o u n d s . 4, 438 1, 334 4, 438 1, 334 C ream ______P o u n d s . 4,312 1, 313 4, 312 1,313 Milk, skimmed ______P o u n d s . 99, 798 2,953 99, 798 2,953 Milk, whole______P o u n d s . 125, 797 7,021 125, 797 7,021 Farm: Field crops and garden . ______15 Potatoes . . ______B ushels. 1, 449 1,648 1,449 1, 648 Miscellaneous ___ _ _ ..... 0 ) 4,571 (>) 4, 571 Farm: Poultry and poultry products ____ 3 Eggs______. . . . D ozen . 11, 512 3,157 11,512 3,157 Poultry, dressed ______P o u n d s . 8, 668 2, 372 8, 668 2,372 Textile products ______16 1940 Pillowcases...... ______Dozen 70 209 70 209 Sheets Dozen 221 1, 227 221 1,227 Miscellaneous 0 ) 2,199 (0 2,199 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 13 0 ) 4, 083 0 ) 4, 083 and vegetables. STATE PRISON T o ta l______222 223, 268 212, 365 $9, 210 1,693 Clay, cement, and stone products: Concrete | posts------E a c h ___ 10 8, 950 17,290 8, 950 17, 290

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Coats, work______Dozen . 222 2, 541 222 2, 541 Overalls.______Dozen . 444 3, 525 444 3, 525 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen .. 382 3,125 382 3,125 Pants, work__ ~ _ T______. ._. Dozen... 665 7, 483 665 7,483 Shirts, work Dozen 1,231 8,456 1, 231 8, 456 Miscellaneous ______. . . 0) 1,784 (0 1, 784 Construction: Buildings__ Each__ 11 1 9, 210 i 9, 210 Farm: Dairy______~____ 14 Beef, dressed.._ Pounds 14,464 1,446 14, 464 1, 446 Cattle ______Head__ 47 329 47 329 Milk, whole — _ _ __ Pounds.. 836,952 31,433 836, 952 31,433 Miscellaneous _ _ ___ C1) 59 0) 59 Farm: Field crops and garden 45 Ensilage__ .* ______Tons. 705 5, 640 705 5, 640 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Hay-.r_-______Tons. . 428 6, 776 428 6, 776 Potatoes______- Bushels. 7,708 6,166 7,708 6,166 Miscellaneous. ______0) 8, 597 0) 8, 597 Farm: Hogs______. ... ___ . ___ _ 3 Pork, dressed___ . _ ___ Pounds. 52, 285 5, 229 52, 285 5, 229 Farm: Poultry and poultry products_____ 16 Eggs______Dozen _ 45,172 13, 551 45,172 13, 551 Poultry, dressed. ______Pounds. 45, 736 10,135 45, 736 10,135 Farm: Miscellaneous______(2) 0) 60 0) 60 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous____ . 6 (0 1,796 0) 1,796 Textile products___ 5 Sheets______Dozen.._ 49 294 49 294 r- Towels. . Dozen _ 1,594 1, 876 1,594 1, 876 Wood products______28 Highway markers _ _ _ _ . Each.. 34,000 54, 560 34,000 ....54, 560 ______0) 9,242 0) 9,242Do Other manufactured products. ______23 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases__ 4,143 7, 041 4,143 7,041 Miscellaneous..-. ______. ____ 0) 5, 624 (0 4,319 0) 1, 305 STATE REFORMATORY Total______104 114, 674 101, 527 ______13,147 ______Farm: Dairy______8~ Beef, dressed______Pounds 7,888 1,150 6, 893 986 995 164 Cattle______Head__ 16 2, 400 16 2, 400 Milk, whole______Pounds^ 376, 355 14, 564 316,198 11, 766 60,157 2,798 Miscellaneous______. . 0) 654 0) 53 0) 601 Farm: Field crops and garden______34 Corn, field______Bushels. 200 170 200 170 Ensilage. „ . . . ______. . . Tons___ 204 1,224 204 1,224 Hay______. . . .. ______Tons___ 390 7,020 390 7,020 Potatoes...... ______Bushels. 1,784 1,606 1,573 1,416 211 190 Miscellaneous______(0 3,538 0) 3,538 Farm: Hogs__ ...... ______1 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 11, 748 1, 377 il, 748 1, 377 See footnotes at end o f table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . — Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued to CONNECTICUT—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITER THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state reformatory—continued Furniture: Wood______17 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each.. 16 $345 16 $345 Chairs______Each.. 555 960 300 $300 255 660 Filing cases______... Each.. 8 195 8 195 Repairs______. ______0) 668 0) 668 Tables______Each _ 96 582 96 582 ‘Tavern fixtures and accessories. ______0) 4,039 0) 4,039 Miscellaneous______. . . ______. 0) 2,740 0) 471 0) 2,269 Metal products______17 Auto license tags_____ . ______. Each.. 189,698 16,642 189, 698 16, 642 Highway markers. ... Each...^ — 413 1, 756 413 1, 756 Tags, miscellaneous.. . Each.. 109,552 8,816 109, 552 8,816 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous____ . 27 0) 44,228 0) 43, 592 0) 636

DELAWARE

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total ______183 $68, 394 $49, 214 $5,872 $13, 308 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms Dozen... 1 27 73 27 73 "Clothing______15

Aprons______Dozen 1 4 1 4 1940 Coats, work______. Dozen 5 180 5 180 Children’s playsuits______. Dozen. 5 26 5 26 Dresses ______Each___ 223 212 223 212 Hats and caps______. Dozen... 6 19 6 19 Labor only______. 0) 23 0) 23 Overalls______Dozen... 45 355 45 355 Pajamas and nightgowns..___ _ Dozen 69 568 69 568 Pants, dress______Each _ 144 936 144 936 Pants, w ork______Dozen 202 1,169 202 1,169 Shirts, dress______Dozen 10 90 10 90 Shirts, work______Dozen . 211 1,372 211 1, 372 Shoes repaired ______(9 981 0) 981

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES 00 90 495 246 1,200 1, 500 500 1, 1,010 1, 364 1, 5,247 2,156 100 100 1, 750 1, 2,000 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 792 792 5,080Construction: Land development 5,080Construction: 2 0) 12 53 18 30 128 128 287 390 390 750 144 751 400 162 356 356 189Pillows 630 930 930 613 803 225 260 301 873 1, 726 726 1, 1,546 1,546 1,650 1,650 3,080 3,080 5.000 2,758 5,177 5,404 5,404 2,886 2,886 1,150 14 10 16 65 65 75 45 26 80 506 506 276 165 165 128 350 420 420 900 900 225 1,262 2, 378 378 2, 652 4, 3,238 3,238 3, 212 212 3, (9 0) 0) (9 0) C9 11, 730 730 11, 24, 674 24, 32. 711 32. 209,002 209,002 12 12 53 53 18 30 90 287 287 792 750 750 144 390 390 356 356 751 400 189 260 162 225 630 930 128 128 547 495 613 803 873 1, 726 726 1, 5,080 6, 500 6, 768 3, 541 6, 1,650 2, 746 746 2, 3,080 5,404 5,404 1,150 2,156 2,886 247 5, 2 14 16 10 65 65 75 45 80 26 128 506 506 376 165 165 350 900 900 225 420 420 6,402 6,402 1,262 4,378 4,378 3,212 3,212 3,474 524 4, 3,474 524 4, (0 (9 0) (9 0) (9 0) (9 (9 0) (9 11, 730 730 11, 32,711 24,674 209,002 209,002 1 5 1 9 5 7 2 2 6 6 4 91 28 ___ Bushels. Bushels - Bushels Pounds -Pounds 3,238 Cases... Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Each Pounds Faeh Bd.ft Dozen "Freed Faeh Dozen Dozen Head Dozen _ _. _ ___ - Bushels. ______-- - ______

______„ ______Louis St. Uniforms of Straw Straw Canned fruits and and vegetables fruits Canned Fodder Farm hands hired out hired hands Farm _ _ Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Repairs Repairs __ _ Pork, dressed Poultry, dressed M iscellaneous M Lumber Lumber _ __ Miscellaneous Miscellaneous ______Wood, fuel Labor only. __ __ Eggs Poultry, live - PillowcasesSheets Towels Dozen Wheat Wheat Miscellaneous Miscellaneous TTngs - Miscellaneous Bags, cloth Bags, Mattresses See footnotes at end of table. of end at footnotes See Construction: Construction: Buildings _ _ _ _ _ Other manufactured products manufactured Other Farm: Farm: Miscellaneous Furniture: or wood metal Furniture: than Other Farm: Farm: Poultry poultryand products __ __ Furniture: Furniture: Wood __ Wood products __ Farm: Farm: Hogs __ _ __ Textile products Textile

408102' Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value o f articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system , a n d institution— Continued DE L A W ABE—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED! THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

SUSSEX COUNTY TEISON Total______70 $24,038 $10,936 $5, 872 $7,230 Construction: Buildings . _____ Each___ 1 2 792 2 792 Construction: Land development______9 (9 5,080 (9 5,080 Farm: C attle______2 Cattle--- ______Head _ _ 10 400 10 400 Beef, dressed-.. - ______Pounds. 4,160 666 4,160 666 Farm: Field crops and garden______50 Corn, field-.- ______- Bushels. 2,000 1,200 2,000 1,200 Fodder______Tons 231 1,155 231 1,155 Hay ______Tons275 4,125 175 2,625 100 1, 500 Potatoes______Bushels. 3,196 1,844 1,446 834 1,750 1,010 B ushelsWheat.______.- __ .- BushelsWheat._ 402 302 402 302 Miscellaneous.. ______(9 3,417 (9 2, 053 (9 1,364 Farm: Hogs______2 Hogs . Head 34 340 34 340 Pork, dressed _ _ Pounds. 8,084 1,227 8,084 1, 227 Miscellaneous ______(9 144 (9 144 Farm: Poultry and poultry products.— _ _ 2 Eggs ______Dozen _ 3, 212 803 3, 212 803 Poultry, dressed______Pounds.. 900 162 900 162 Poultry, live ... _ _ ... ______. Head__ 225 225 225 225 Wood products: Wood, fuel ...... 4 (9 2,156 (9 2,156

NEWCASTLE COUNTY WORKHOUSE 1940 Total______.. ______113 44,356 38, 278 6,078 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms Dozen... 1 27 73 27 73 Clothing _ 15 Aprons . ______Dozen 1 4 1 4 Coats, work ______Dozen.. 5 180 5 180 Dresses Eaeh 223 212 223 212 Hats and caps______— ___ Dozen.. 6 19 6 19 Labor only ______(9 23 (9 23 Overalls______Dozen 45 355 45 355 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 69 568 69 568 Pants, dress______Each__ 144 936 144 936

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pants, work______Dozen- 202 1,169 202 1,169 Shirts, dress______Dozen.. 90 10 9010 Shirts, work______Dozen- 211 1,372 211 1,372 Shoes repaired______Pairs ... 1,839 981 1,839 981 Suits, play______Dozen.. 5 265 26 Uniforms______Each... 14 53 14 53 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen- 45 287 45 287 Miscellaneous______0) 12 C1) 12 Farm: Cattle______3 Beef, dressed______Pounds . 7, 570 1,060 7, 570 1,060 Farm: Dairy______y Beef, dressed______Pounds. 3,238 356 3,238 356 Cattle______Head.... 16 128 16 128 Milk, whole______Pounds. 209,002 5,404 209,002 5,404 Miscellaneous______(0 751 (0 751 A APPENDIX Farm: Field crops and garden______41 Corn, field______Bushels. 2,378 1,546 2,378 1, 546 Ensilage______Tons___ 275 1,925 275 1,925 Fodder______Tons__ 65 390 65 390 Hay------Tons___ 101 2, 375 101 2, 375 Potatoes______Bushels . 3,206 1,924 3,206 1,924 Straw______Tons___ 75 750 75 750 Wheat______Bush els . 860 628 860 628 Miscellaneous______0) 3,124 0) 3,124 ---- Farm: Hogs______3 Hogs------Head__ 131 1,310 131 1,310 TABLES GENERAL Pork, dressed______Pounds. 16, 590 1,659 16, 590 1,659 Farm: Miscellaneous______2 Farm hands hired out______0) 495 (0 495 Furniture: Wood______28 Repairs______.... (0 5,247 0) 5,247 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each. 420 613 420 613 Pillows______Each. 420 189 420 189 ' Textile products______4 Bags, cloth______Dozen. 26 30 26 30 Labor only______0) 90 <0 90 Pillowcases______Dozen. 80 260 80 260 Sheets______Dozen. 128 1,150 128 1,150 Towels______Dozen. 350 630 350 630 Wood products______2 Lumber______Bd. ft. 32,711 873 32,711 873 Miscellaneous______0) 5470) 301 (0 246 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases. __ 6 3,474 4,524 3,474 4, 524 and vegetables.

See footnotes at end of table.

< r O i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . —Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—C o n t i n u e d o DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

D. C. PENAL INSTITUTIONS 1,166 $747,500 $462,950 $284, 550 Brooms, brushes, and mops______21 Brooms _ _ _ Dozen 753 4,175 753 4,175 Brushes __ _ Dozen 623 5,132 623 5,132 Clay, cement, and stone products______181 Brick _ _ M 6,672 80,061 6,672 80,061 Clothing, other than knit. ______76 Aprons - ______Dozen _ 265 1,376 265 •1, 376 Coats, dress .______Each. 65 748 65 748 Coats, work Dozen 394 4, 502 394 4. 502 Dresses ______Each 847 873 847 873 Hats and caps Dozen 222 420 222 420 Overalls Dozen 82 896 82 896 Pajamas and nightgowns ____ Dozen 310 2,509 310 2,509 Pants, dress ______Each 181 815 181 815 Pants, work ______Dozen 1,021 11,336 1,021 11,336 Repairs ______0) 183 0) 183 Shirts, work ______Dozen 831 7,170 831 7,170 Shoes repaired ______Pairs 7,399 3, 557 7,399 3,557 S u i t s ______Each 800 7,080 800 7,080 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen 92 • 244 92 244 Underwear, women’s and children’s Dozen 76 482 76 482 Uniforms _ Each 34 523 34 523 M iscellaneous 0) 7 0) 7 1940 Clothing, knit ______19 Hosiery ______Doz. pr 2,523 2, 729 2, 523 2,729 Underwear _ Dozen 1, 335 6,744 1, 335 6,744 Miscellaneous ______0) 3,082 0) 3,082 Construction: Buildings. ______200 0) 248, 750 248, 750 ______29 0) Miscellaneous35,800 8 35,800Construction: Farm: Dairy...... 28

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Beef, dressed______- Pounds _ 12,977 2,132 12,977 2,132 Cattle ______Head 60 2,005 60 2, 005 Cream ______Pounds. 16,945 2, 542 16,945 2, 542 Milk, skimmed ______pounds., 79, 264 1,189 79, 264 1,189 pounds 544,028 18,360 544,028 18, 360 Farm: Field crops and garden ______239 Corn, field * _ _ .______Bushels. 450 378 450 378 Ensilage ______- ______Tons.. 511 2,555 511 2, 555 B^ay ______Tons 183 3, 302 183 3, 302 Oats ______Bushels. 818 360 818 360 Potatoes ______Bushels. 7,871 8,085 7,871 8, 085 Miscellaneous______(0 16,939 0) 16, 939 Farm: Hogs ______35 Hogs _ _ Head 895 17,900 895 17, 900 Pork, dressed Pounds _ 200, 534 18,039 200, 534 18,039 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Farm: Poultry and poultry products 10 Eggs " * * __ _ Dozen 13,135 2,789 13,135 2, 789 Poultry, dressed Pounds. 9, 565 1,627 9, 565 1,627 Poultry, live _ __ Head 2,511 1,883 2, 511 1,883 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 10 Mattresses Each 651 3, 741 651 3, 741 Pillows ■ _ Each 143 75 143 75 Laundry: Commercial Pounds _ 84 1,757,959 52,738 1,757,959 52, 738 32Metal products: Tags, highway markers and 32Metal signs. Auto license tags Each 374, 576 20, 770 374, 576 20, 770 14 ,804Highway markers6,221 14,804 Each 6, 221 14,804Highway Metal products: Miscellaneous _ ___ 142 Castings ______Pounds _ 1,837,639 88, 278 1,837, 639 88,278 Printing and binding ______29 Bookbinding and blank books ______Each 7,388 1, 925 7, 388 1,925 __ __ 0) _ 5,684 0) 5,684Miscellaneous Textile products _ __ __ 15 Bags, cloth Dozen 74 257 74 257 Covers, mattress Each 5 6 5 6 Curtains Pairs 58 184 58 184 Pillowcases Dozen 203 876 203 876 Sheets Dozen 196 1,902 196 1, 902 Tablecloths Each 240 257 240 257 Tents Each 24 300 24 300 Towels _ ____ Dozen 120 202 120 202 Miscellaneous _ __ __ 0) 342 0) 342 Wood products: Miscellaneous ______3 0) 876 0) 876 13Other manufactured products: Canned Cases__ 13Other 15,930 25,004 15,930 25,004 fruits and vegetables.

See footnotes at end of table.

<1

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued 00 FLORIDA

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE LABOR INPRISON pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PRISON Total______2,423 $869,964 $170,882 $633, 550 $4,693 $60,839 Clothing______82 Pants, work______Dozen. _ 4,767 35,121 4, 767 35,121 Shirts, work______Dozen. _ 5,066 25, 718 5,066 25, 718 Shoes, new______Pairs___ 4, 759 16,280 4, 759 16, 280 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 11 3 10, 500 3 10,500 Construction: Land development______296 0) 22, 500 (9 22, 500 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 30 (0 30,000 (9 30, 000 Construction: Major repairs to roads____ 1,629 0) 570, 550 (9 570, 550 Farm: Cattle______6 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 62,000 7,750 62,000 7,750 Farm: Dairy______36 Milk, whole______Pounds. 87,090 4,169 87,090 4,169 Farm: Field crops and garden______150 Corn, field______Bushels. 11,300 6,780 11,300 6, 780 Cotton______Bales.._ 8 1,142 8 1,142 Hay______Tons___ 15 225 15 225 Miscellaneous______0) 23,002 (9 23,002 Farm: Hogs______7 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 128, 500 12,850 128, 500 12,850 Farm: Poultry and poultry products____ 4 Eggs------Dozen.. 20,006 4,076 20,006 4,076 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 9,150 1, 647 9,150 1,647 Farm: Miscellaneous______78 (0 19,891 (9 18, 291 (9 1, 600 1940 Furniture: Other than metal or wood___ 3 Mattresses______Each___ 400 1,320 400 1,320 Pillows______Each___ 600 300 600 300 Metal products: Auto license tags______Each___ 23 584,129 32,127 584,129 32,127 Soap and other detergents______5 Soap______Pounds. 113,572 4,963 113, 572 4,963 Soap, liquid______Gallons. 151 50 151 50 Other manufactured products______63 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases. __ 3, 545 5,318 3, 545 5,318 Insecticides and disinfectants______Gallons. 10,030 1,692 10, 030 1, 692 Shoe leather, tanned______Sq.ft.... 34, 373 10,943 22,466 8, 992 11,907 I, 951

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Tobacco, smoking and chewing______I Pounds. I______I 92,793 I 20,051 I 92,793 | 20,051 Miscellaneous______0) 999 (0 999

GEORGIA

STATE PRISON SYSTEM Total. 3, 222 $1, 373, 678 $222, 733 $1,136, 575 $14, 370 Clay, cement, and stone products______Concrete blocks______Each.. 66,433 9, 654 66,433 9, 654 Concrete pipe______(9 5, 618 (9 5,618 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen- 12 28 12 28 A APPENDIX Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 19 115 19 115 Pants, work______Dozen- 275 2,965 275 2,965 Shirts, work______Dozen. 470 4, 229 470 4, 229 Construction: Buildings______21 (9 155,000 (9 155,000 Construction: Major repairs to roads______86 (9 30,852 (9 30, 852 Construction: Roads______2,786 (9 950, 723 (9 950, 723 Farm: Cattle______2 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 16,800 1,680 16,800 1,680

Cattle______Head... 88 2,800 88 2,800 ---- Miscellaneous______(0 797 (9 797 Farm: Dairy______7 GENERAL TABLES Milk, whole______Pounds. 296, 915 7,431 296,915 7,431 Farm: Field crops and garden______~178 Cotton______Bales. __ 80 5,157 5 235 75 4, 922 Peanuts______Bushels. 5,945 5, 786 5,945 5,786 Tobacco______Pounds. 30,000 3, 000 30,000 3, 000 Miscellaneous______0) 22,385 (9 19, 711 (9 2, 674 Farm: Hogs______Pork, dressed______Pounds. 141,100 14,110 141,100 14,110 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------Dozen.. 3, 264 781 3, 264 781 Miscellaneous______(9 744 (9 744 Furniture: Metal______Filing cabinets______Each.. 151 3,079 151 3,079 Repairs______C9 1, 600 (9 1, 600 Tables______Each.. 162 15 162 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each.. 106 207 106 207 Pillows______Each.. 85 43 85 43 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Auto license tags______Each.. 1,093,106 67, 242 1,093,106 67, 242 Highway markers______Each.. 6, 299 7,836 6, 299 7,836 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Highway guard rails______(9 9, 591 (9 9,591 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______(9 28,431 (9 28,431 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , ant? institution— Continued QO O GEORGIA—Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison system—continued Textile products . ______3 Bags, cloth . . . . __ Dozen 15 $45 15 $45 Pillowcases ______Dozen.. — 116 835 116 835 Sheets Dozen 208 1,496 208 1, 496 Towels .. . ______. ______Dozen 178 320 178 320 Miscellaneous . . . ______(0 24 (9 24 Wood products . ______47 Creosoted posts ______. (0 461 (9 461 ______Bd. . _. ft _. _ 573,819 5,738 573,819 5,738Lumber Turpentine . ______0) 6, 774 (9 $6, 774 Other manufactured products ______7 Canned fruits and vegetables ______Cases 4,287 10,065 4,287 10, 065 Dehydrated vegetables ______Pounds. 51,612 5,874 51, 612 5,874

IDAHO

STATE PENITENTIARY Total. $40,824 $36, 217 $300 $4, 307 Clothing______Shoes, new______Pairs.. 307 1, 224 307 1, 224 Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 704 377 704 377 1940 Construction: Buildings______Each.. (9 1 300 300 Farm: Dairy______Cattle______Head.... 1,920 1,920 Cream______Pounds 55,100 8, 270 30, 300 4, 550 3, 720 Milk, whole______Pounds. 606, 000 9,090 606,000 9,090 Miscellaneous______(9 600 (9 600 Farm: Field crops and garden.. Hay------Tons.... 250 1, 500 250 1, 500 Oats______Bushels. 2,940 1,764 2,940 1, 764 Miscellaneous______(9 6,165 <9 6,165 Farm: Hogs______Head__ 219 1, 923 176 1,336 587

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Poultry and poultry products______2 ! o Eggs------Dozen. OO 1 00 2, 950 11,801 2, 950 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 1, 207 4,826 1,207 Wood products______2 Lumber______.______0) 580 0) 580 Wood, fuel______0) 660 0) 660 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases___ 1 1,303 2,294 1, 303 2,294 and vegetables

ILLINOIS

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______3,773 $1, 583,135 $1,421,974 $142, 608 $18, 553 PEDX A APPENDIX Brooms, brushes, and mops______2 Brooms______1. ______Dozen 150 435 150 435 Brushes ______Dozen.. 41 63 41 63 Mops.______... ______Each___ 48 34 48 34 Clay, cement, and stone products______145 Brick___ . . ... * ______.. M ... 401 5,928 401 5,928 Concrete blocks . . . ______Each 16,044 1,740 16,044 1,740 Concrete pipe ______0) 2,608 0) 2,608 Concrete posts__ ... ______Each 5,982 2,608 5,982 2, 608 ---- Miscellaneous . ... ______(0 2,381 (0 2,381 Clothing, other than knit______547 TABLES GENERAL Aprons __ ... _ _ . . . ______Dozen 118 488 118 488 Coats, d ress.._____ . . . ______Each... 6,169 20,617 6,169 20,617 Coats, work... ______Dozen 342 5,863 342 5,863 Dresses______Each .. 673 441 673 441 Gloves and mittens______. Doz.pr. 3,059 4, 729 3,059 4,729 Handkerchiefs______... Dozen 1,580 785 1,580 785 Hats and caps__ . . . ______Dozen 652 1, 924 652 1, 924 Labor only _. ______... (0 6,954 0) 6, 954 Overalls______Dozen 2,869 37,288 2.869 37,288 Overcoats. _ ._ .. ______Each 1,187 12,312 1,187 12, 312 Pajamas and nightgowns_____ .. . _. Dozen 697 4, 778 697 4, 778 Pants, dress ... ______. . . _. Each 5,573 18, 637 5, 573 18,637 Pants, work______. . . ______Dozen 2,200 26,385 2,200 26, 385 Rompers, boys’ ______Dozen __ 136 2,369 136 2,369 Shirts, dress______Dozen ._ 194 1,051 194 1,051 Shirts, work______Dozen 5, 627 38, 304 5, 627 38,304 Shoes repaired______Pairs 28,900 7,978 28,900 7, 978 Suits... ______Each___ 4,349 52,414 4,349 52,414 Underwear, men’s and boys’______Dozen 393 884 393 884 Underwear, women’s and children’s ... _ Dozen 7 16 7 16 Miscellaneous.. . . ______0) 678 0) 678 Clothing, knit______139 Hosiery. ______... Doz. pr. 23,103 20, 944 23,103 20, 944 Underwear ...... Dozen 9,139 32, 909 9,139 32,909 Construction: Buildings...... 4l 8 30, 690 8 30, 690 See footnotes at end of table. i—1

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued 00 to ILLINOIS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON ber of Public works and State account Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued

Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 66 (9 $81,148 (9 $81,148 12 (9 Miscellaneous30, 770 . (9 30, 770Construction: 10 Beef, dressed _ . Pounds, 63,118 10, 242 63,118 $10,242 Cattle - - ___ Head 99 4,455 99 4,455 Miscellaneous, ______(9 750 (9 750 Farm: D airy______62 Beef, dressed ______Pounds, 110,937 16,118 110,937 16,118 Cattle . ____ - . Head 275 13,690 275 13,690 Milk, whole . ______Pounds, 2, 329,624 63,968 2, 329,624 63,968 Miscellaneous ______(9 15,072 (9 15, 072 Farm’ Field crops and garden, ____ _ 466 Corn, field ______Bushels. 54, 261 25,644 54, 261 25,644 Ensilage , ______Tons 1,062 5,073 1,062 5,073 Fodder ______Tons 200 800 200 800 Hay ______Tons 1,509 13, 858 1, 509 13,858 Oats ______Bushels. 9,905 2,510 9,905 2, 510 Potatoes . ______,_ _ _ Bushels. 9,989 7,614 9,989 7,614 Sorghum ______Gallons. 1, 572 943 1, 572 943 Straw . ______, _ Tons 241 1,317 24.1 1,317 Wheat ______. Bushels. 2,006 1,181 2,006 1,181 Miscellaneous ______., (9 74,756 (9 74, 756 Farm* Hogs ______63 Hogs Head 4, 532 48, 224 4,532 48, 224 1940 Lard Pounds, 94,959 7,457 94,959 7, 457 Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 1,081, 721 70,885 1,081,721 70,885 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 8 Eggs , ______Dozen 10,873 1, 759 10,873 1, 759 Poultry, dressed Pounds, 14,091 1,880 14,091 1,880 Farm: Miscellaneous______10 (9 910 (9 910 Furniture: Metal 200 Beds , ______Each 964 16,114 964 16,114 Benches ______, Each 1 10 1 10 Bnrea is, chiffoniers, etc Each 295 7,394 295 7,394 Cabinets______Each___' 150 3,123 150 3.123

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Chairs______1,189 2, 800 1,189 2,800 Desks______215 3,900 215 3,900 Filing cases. ______303 2,020 303 2,020 Tables______344 4,040 344 4,040 Miscellaneous______(0 83 (0 83 Furniture: Wood______404 Benches______30 288 30 288 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______151 2, 673 151 2, 673 Chairs______5, 663 35, 936 5, 663 35,936 Davenports, sofas, etc______233 3,849 233 3,849 Desks______420 15,436 420 15,436 Fiber articles______356 2,359 356 2,359 Repairs______0) 1, 529 0) 1,529 Tables______780 13,171 780 13,171 Miscellaneous______0) 7,487 0) 7,487 A APPENDIX Furniture: Other than metal or wood______5 Mattresses______Each 1,996 14,743 1,996 14,743 Pillows______Each 1,479 3,428 1,479 3, 428 Miscellaneous______0) 375 0) 375 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 90 signs. Signs______Each 7,508 9, 583 7,508 9, 583 Metal products: Miscellaneous______183 Castings______Pounds. 6,058 770 6, 058 770 ---- Do______0) 10,409 (0 10,409 Galvanized ware______Pieces _ 1,148 1, 696 1,148 1, 696 TABLES GENERAL Do______0) 4, 979 0) 4,979 Sheet-metal work______0) 19, 421 0) 19,421 Tinware______0) 7,845 (0 7,845 Quarrying and rock crushing______872 Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons___ 33, 764 20, 259 2,843 1,706 30, 921 $18, 553 Stone, crushed______Tons.. 74, 327 50, 887 74, 327 50,887 Soap and other detergents______60 Soap______Pounds. 2, 295,487 151,602 2, 295,487 151,602 Soap, liquid______Gallons. 1,150 518 1,150 518 Textiles______40 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd... 185, 687 60, 246 185, 687 60, 246 Woolen yard goods______Sq. yd... 111, 134 90,153 111, 134 90,153 Textile products______163 Bags, cloth______Dozen... 2,095 7, 304* 2, 095 7, 304 Bags, tobacco______Dozen... 90,163 5, 797 90,163 5,797 Flags______Each___ 67 528 67 528 Flags, danger______Dozen .. 3,684 4,922 3, 684 4, 922 Mopheads______Dozen... 1,355 6, 557 1, 355 6, 557 Pillowcases______Dozen ._ 771 1,816 771 1,816 Sheets______Dozen.. 620 4, 766 620 4, 766 Tablecloths______Each.. . 115 99 115 99 Ticks, mattress______Each___ 924 966 924 966 Ticks, pillow______Each___ 660 151 660 151 Towels______Dozen _ 6,680 7, 958 6,680 7,958 Miscellaneous______0) 824 0) 824 00 See footnotes at end o f table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued 00 ILLINOIS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued

Wood products: Lumber______(9 (9 $76 (9 $76 Other manufactured products... ______185 Canned fruits and vegetables (9 40, 715 (9 40, 715 Disinfectants______Gallons. 4,630 5,788 4,630 5, 778 Snow fence______(9 18, 668 (9 18,668 Tobacco, smoking and chewing.. ______Pounds. 364, 590 54, 608 364,590 54,608 Miscellaneous______. ______(0 6,207 (9 6,207 STATE PENITENTIARY Total______1,491 971,424 857,346 $114,078 Clay, cement, and stone products______95 Brick______M 401 5,928 401 5,928 Concrete blocks______Each 1,353 203 1,353 203 Concrete posts...... Each 180 287 180 287 Miscellaneous______(9 2,381 (9 2,381 Clothing______. ______334 Aprons______Dozen 81 372 81 372 Coats, dress______Each 5,446 19,171 5,446 19,171 Coats, work______Dozen. 328 5,418 328 5,418 Gloves and m itte n s______Doz. pr. 3,059 4,729 3,059 4,729 Handkerchiefs______Dozen 986 710 986 710 Hats and caps______Dozen 459 1,738 459 1, 738 Overalls ______Dozen 2,370 34,299 2,370 34,299 1940 Overcoats______Each . 762 8,954 762 8,954 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 677 4,708 677 4,708 Pants, dress______. _ Each 5,573 18,637 5,573 18,637 Pants, work______Dozen 2,051 24,939 2,051 24,939 Rompers, boys’ ______Dozen 136 2,369 136 2,369 Shirts, dj*ess______Dozen 51 536 51 536 Shirts, work______Dozen 1,686 17,604 1,686 17, 604 Shoes repaired______Pairs 1,200 600 1,200 600 Suits______Each 3,706 47,913 3,706 47,913 Underwear, men’s and boys’- ...... Dozen... 77 240 77 240

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Construction: Buildings______Each___ 21 5 23, 520 5 23, 520 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 21 0) 59,788 (9 59,788 Construction: Miscellaneous______T.. 12 0) 30,770 (9 30,770 Farm: Dairy ...... 20 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 86,772 13,859 86,772 13,859 48 1,680 48 1,680 Milk, whole ______Pounds 673,681 15,629 673,681 15,629 Miscellaneous _ __ 0) 9,547 (9 9,547 Farm: Field crops and garden______47 Corn, field _ _ _ Bushels 28,264 14,415 28,264 14,415 Hay __ __ 543 7 507 543 7,507 Potatoes Bushels 2,799 1,881 2,799 1,881 Wheat _ __ Bushels 866 520 866 520 Miscellaneous 0) 33,134 (9 33,134 Farm: Hogs __ __ 18 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Hogs _ . Head 1,256 12,560 1,256 12,560 Pork, dressed 232,915 15, 697 232,915 15,697 Farm: Poultry and poultry products __ _ 3 Eggs __ I * " ___ 4,002 666 4,002 666 Poultry _ . ______Pounds _ 4,548 646 4,548 646 Furniture: Metal ______18 Beds. ______Each 964 16,114 964 16,114 Chairs .. ______Eanh 456 1,208 456 1,208 Furniture: Wood...... 401 Benches Eanh 30 288 30 288 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc Each 151 2,673 151 2,673 Chairs Eanh 5,663 35,936 5,663 35,936 Davnnpnrts, sofas, ntn Eanh 233 3,849 233 3,849 Desks Eanh 417 15,396 417 15,396 Fiber articles Eanh 356 2,359 356 2,359 Repairs (0 1,529 0) 1,529 Tables Eanh 772 13,102 772 13,102 Miscellaneous ...... 0) 6,954 (9 6,954 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 5 Mattresses Eanh 1,996 14, 743 1,996 14,743 Pillows Eanh 1,479 3,428 1,479 3,428 Miscellaneous...... 0) 375 0) 375 Metal products 16 Galvanized ware______0) 4,979 (!) 4,979 Tinware___ . ______(9 7,468 (9 7,468 Quarrying and rock crushing 267 Lime and agricultural limestone Tons 2,843 1,706 2,843 1,706 Stone, crushed Tons 58,602 35,162 58,602 35,162 Soaps and other detergents ...... 68 Soap ______Pounds. 2,324,653 149, 615 2,324,653 149, 615 Soap, liquid Gallons. 1,150 518 1,150 518 Textiles 40 Cotton yard goods, light Sq. yd 185,687 60, 246 185, 687 60, 246 Wool yard goods------Sq. yd._ 111, 134 90,153 111, 134 90,153 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A .— Kind, quantity, ant? value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued 00 05 ILLINOIS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued Textile products ______90 Bags, cloth ______Dozen 2,093 $7,293 2,093 $7, 293 Bags, tobacco ______Dozen 90' 163 5,797 90,163 5, 797 Flags, danger ______Dozen 3'684 4,922 3,684 4,922 Mop heads . ______Dozen 1,274 6,115 1,274 6,115 Mattress ticks______Each 924 966 924 966 Pillowcases______Dozen 527 1,645 527 1,645 Pillow ticks______Each 660 151 660 151 Sheets ______Dozen 355 3,403 355 3,403 Towels - ____ Dozen 5,799 6,958 5,799 6,958 Miscellaneous ______0) 75 0) 75 Wood products: Lumber______(2) 0) 76 0) 76 Other manufactured products______25 Canned fruits and vegetables______(i) 10, 672 0) 10, 672 Disinfectants ______Gallons. 4,630 *5,788 4,630 5,788 Miscellaneous ______0) 6,207 0) 6,207 STATE PENITENTIARY, MENARD BRANCH Total ______1,013 282, 765 248,852 $15,360 $18, 553 Brooms, brushes, and mops______2 Brooms ______Dozen 150 435 150 435

Brushes ______D ozen- 41 63 41 63 1940 Mops ______Each 48 34 48 34 Clay, cement, and stone products______50 Concrete blocks______Each 14,691 1, 537 14, 691 1, 537 » Concrete pipe ______0) 2,608 (!) 2,608 Concrete posts ______Each 5,802 2,321 5,802 2, 321 Clothing, other than knit______12 Labor only______(!) 3,981 (!) 3,981 Shoes repaired ______Pairs 24,066 6,017 24,066 6,017 Clothing, knit. ______139 Hosiery ____ Doz. pr._ 23,103 20, 944 23,103 20, 944 Underwear ______Dozen... 9,139 32, 909 9,139 32, 909 Construction: Major repairs to buildings----- 25 0) 15, 360 0) 15, 360

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Dairy______16 Beef, dressed______- _ . _ Pounds. 12,052 817 12,052 817 Cattle______Head .. 5, 280 5,280 Milk, w h ole...______. _ Pounds. 10, 521 481,489 10, 521 Miscellaneous______. ... (>) 4, 452 (') 4,452 Farm: Field crops and garden______... 61 Corn, field-T_____.'l______Bushels. 5, 967 2, 566 5,967 2, 566 Ensilage ____, ______Tons. 312 1,488 312 1,488 Hay..r______... Tons. _ 493 3,393 493 3,393 Potatoes______... Bushels . 4, 697 3, 661 4, 697 3, 661 Sorghum.. ______... Gallons. 1,572 943 1,572 943 Miscellaneous...______0) 5, 927 0) 5,927 Farm: Hogs______35 Hogs.:.______. Head__ 1,738 19,118 1.738 19,118 Lard______... ______...... Pounds. 75,436 6,090 75, 436 6,090 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Pork, dressed______Pounds. 600, 245 37, 840 600, 245 37,840 Farm: Poultry and poultry products___ 2 Eggs____”___ r ... .. _____ ... Dozen.. 2,907 455 2,907 455 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 5, 531 713 5,531 713 Furniture:"Wood______. 3 Desks______.. . ____ Each 3 40 3 40 Tables ...... ______Each ._ 8 69 8 69 M iscellaneous...... 0) 533 0) 533 Metal products: Tinware. ______1 0) 377 0) 377 605Quarrying and rock crushing _ . ______605Quarrying - Lime and agricultural limestone __ _. Tons 30,921 18, 553 30,921 18, 553 Stone, crushed _ . _____ Tons 15,725 15,725 15,725 15,725 Soap and other detergents: Soap______Pounds. 2 22,158 1,987 22,158 1,987 Textile products: Mopheads ... . __ _ _ Dozen... (2) 81 442 81 442 Other manufactured products ...... 60 Canned fruits and vegetables.. ______0) 958 0) 958 Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 254,365 54,608 254, 365 54,608 STATE PENITENTIARY, PONTIAC BRANCH Total______792 180, 798 174, 798 6,000 Clothing.. . . . ______149 Aprons . ______Dozen 19 60 19 60 Coats, dress ______Each 723 1.446 723 1.446 Coats, w ork______Dozen _ 14 445 14 445 Handkerchiefs ______Dozen 577 69 577 69 Hats and caps______Dozen. 193 186 193 186 Overalls . ______Dozen 498 2,985 498 2,985 Overcoats . _. . ______Each .. 425 3, 358 425 3, 358 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen _ 17 50 17 50 Pants, work ______Dozen 149 1.446 149 1.446 Shirts, dress ______. Dozen 143 515 143 515 Shirts, work ______Dozen 359 1,506 359 1,506 Shoes repaired ______. . __ Pairs _. 1,354 677 1, 354 677 Suits ...... Each. ._ 643 4,501 643 4, 501 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen... 316 644 316 644 00 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, fry State, system, and institution— Continued 00 ILLINOIS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY, PONTIAC BRANCH—COn.

Construction: Major repairs to buildings___ 20- (9 $6,000 (9 $6,000 Farm: Dairy______9 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 7,740 822 7,740 $822 Cattle______Head__ 61 2,440 61 2,440 Milk, whole___ .. ______Pounds. 698,725 22,708 698,725 22,708 Miscellaneous______(l) 23 (9 23 Farm: Field crops and garden______64 Corn,field.. . . . ______Bushels. 4,782 2,197 4,782 2,197 Ensilage______Tons _. 200 1,000 200 1,000 Hay______. Tons___ 3 21 3 21 Oats______Bushels . 1,426 475 1,426 475 Straw______Tons___ 32 272 32 272 Miscellaneous______<9 10,503 (9 10,503 Farm: Hogs______3 Hogs______Head . 955 9, 550 955 9,550 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 167,622 11,851 167,622 11,851 Furniture: Metal______182 Benches______Each 1 10 1 10 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 295 7,394 295 7,394 Cabinets______... .______... _ Each 150 3,123 150 3,123 Chairs______Each 733 1,592 733 1,592 Desks______Each 215 3,900 215 3,900

Filing cases______Each 303 2,020 303 2,020 1940 Tables______Each... 344 4,040 344 4,040 Miscellaneous______(9 83 (9 83 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 90 signs. Signs _____*______Each 7,508 9,583 7,508 9,583 Metal products: Miscellaneous______166 Castings ______Each 6,058 770 6,058 770 Do______(>) 10,409 (9 10,409 Galvanized ware______Pieces .. 1,148 1,696 1,148 1,696 Sheet-metal work______<9 19,421 0) 19,421 Textile products______45 Bags, cloth...... Dozen__ i 6 i 6

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 00 APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES CO 7,170 6 6 4 7 5 16 16 15 14 56 56 20 20 71 30 85 145 528 111 521Poultry, dressed 521Poultry, 441 441 313 638 141 420 678 678 993 684Shoes repaired repaired _ __ _ 684Shoes 1,789 9, 791 791 9, 1,252 2,973 2,973 26,056 19,194 19,194 18,668 114,922 1 3 7 1 3 17 18 18 11 25 21 99 67 605 244 673 870 226 1,000 3,964 3,964 4,012 3,582 2,280 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 5 7 16 16 15 56 56 71 20 20 14 85 30 145 521 141 111 993 420 528 441 441 678 427 6,481 427 638 170 1170 7,170 678 313 684 , 684 1,789 1,252 9, 791 791 9, 2,973 2,973 7 , 19,194 19,194 18, 668 18, 26,056 122, 092 122, 1 3 1 7 3 3 17 99 18 11 21 67 25 244 226 870 673 605 1,000 3,582 4,012 6,481 3,964 3,964 2,280 0 0 0) 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 2 2 50 64 28 27 20 111 336 ___ Bushels _ _ Bushels DozenDozen 18 Bushels. Dozen __ __ Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen _ Each Dozen Each Tons Pounds. Each Dozen Pounds _ Pounds Pairs Each ______...... ______...... ______...... ______

______...... ______

______...... ______

______STATE FARM STATE _

______Louis ______STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN FOR REFORMATORY STATE St. Overalls Overalls __ Shirts, work Shirts, ^ ~ Underwear, women’s and children's.__ women’schildren's.__ and Underwear, _ Miscellaneous Com, field _ _ Pajamas and nightgowns and Pajamas Oats Dresses Dresses _ Sheets Sheets Aprons___ ^ ______Eggs Eggs ._ Snow fence____ fence____ Snow ._ ~ Miscellan eon s eon Miscellan Handkerchiefs Handkerchiefs Bags, cloth Bags, Pork, dressed Pork, dressed _ __ Tablecloths Towels Miscellaneous _ _ _ _ Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Flags Pillowcases Towels ______Labor only _ Pillowcases. Pillowcases. . Tablecloths. ______Sheets Sheets Hay See footnotes at end of table. of end at footnotes See of and and vegetables. Clothing Clothing Other manufactured products: Canned fruits fruits products: Canned manufactured Other Farm: Farm: garden and Field crops Farm: Farm: Hogs _ __ _ Farm: Poultrypoultry and products Textile products Clothing _ Total _ Construction: Construction: Buildings 408102 Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued CD O ILLINOIS—Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public faorks and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE farm—continued Farm: Cattle______10 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 63,118 $10,242 63,118 $10,242 Cattle______Head... 99 4,455 99 4,455 Miscellaneous______(9 750 (9 750 Farm: Dairy______17 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 4,373 620 4,373 620 Cattle______Head 78 4,290 78 4,290 Milk, whole______Pounds. 475,729 15,110 475, 729 15,110 Miscellaneous____ . ______(9 1,050 (9 1, 050 Farm: Field crops and garden______267 Corn, field______Bushels . 14, 248 6,046 14, 248 6,046 Ensilage______Tons 550 2, 585 550 2,585 Fodder______Tons 200 800 200 800 Hay______Tons.. _ 467 2, 922 467 2,922 Oats______. Bushels - 7,874 1,890 7, 874 1,890 Potatoes______Bushels- 2,493 2,072 2,493 2,072 Straw______Tons-- 209 1,045 209 1,045 Wheat______Bushels. 1.140 661 1,140 661 Miscellaneous______cJ 23,403 (9 23,403 Farm: Hogs______6 H ogs______Head 583 6, 996 583 6,996 Lard______Pounds. 19, 523 1,367 19, 523 1.367 P oun ds -Pork, dressed ______Pounds -Pork, 74, 458 5,070 74,458 5,070 Farm: Miscellaneous______10 (9 910 (9 910 1940 35Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 35Other (9 18,981 (9 18,981 and vegetables.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis INDIANA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. $1, 642, 653 $1, 328, 656 $140,900 $173,097 Brooms, brushes, and m ops...... Brooms______Dozen. 1,891 13,082 1,809 12, 759 82 323 Brushes^ ______Dozen. 652 6,071 646 6,037 6 34 Mops______Each._ 4,849 1,857 4,849 1,857 Clay, cement, and stone products______Brick______M___. 3,923 41, 583 983 11,692 2,940 29,891 Building tile______Each. 60,867 2,576 60,867 2,576 Concrete blocks______Each. 8,121 6,360 8,121 6,360 Concrete pipe______0) 14, 723 0) 14, 575 0) 148 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Concrete posts______Each. 253 380 253 380 Drain tile______Each. 37,446 2,108 36,246 2,075 1,200 33 Miscellaneous______0) 66 0) 42 0) 24 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen- 350 1,467 350 1,467 Children’s playsuits______Dozen— 4 24 4 24 Coats, dress______Each— 1,623 5,234 1,620 5,223 3 11 Coats, work______D ozen- 635 8,913 634 8,900 1 13 Dresses______Each-.. 3,145 2,766 3,145 2,766 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 4,287 5,195 4,287 5,195 Hats and caps______Dozen- 1,010 3,113 1,010 3,113 Labor only______0) 1,497 0) 12 1,485 Overalls______Dozen. 1,533 12,445 1,531 12,435 (,) 2 10 Overcoats______Each- 1,295 5, 758 1,295 5,758 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 293 1,509 293 1,509 Pants, dress______Each- 3, 448 8,193 3,448 8,193 Pants, work______Dozen. 1,267 16,074 1,256 15,826 11 248 Shirts, dress______Dozen. 409 2,460 409 2,460 Shirts, work______Dozen. 1,549 12,849 1,548 12,843 1 6 Shoes, new______Pairs-. 16,253 39,115 16, 253 39,115 Shoes repaired______Pairs. _ 3,580 1,611 3,580 1,611 Suits______Each.. 2,896 14,816 2,896 14,816 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 738 3,380 737 3,375 1 5 Uniforms______Each__ 12 117 12 117 Miscellaneous______0) 692 0) 523 0) 169 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 8 104, 600 8 104, 600 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 0) 36, 300 0) 36, 300 Farm: Dairy------Beef, dressed______Pounds. 23,478 2,690 23, 478 2. 690 Butter------Pounds - 21, 658 7,577 21, 658 7, 577 Cattle______Head__ 162 6,806 102 5,171 60 1, 635 Milk, whole______Pounds.. 2,139,697 36,438 2,139, 697 36, 438 Miscellaneous______0) 10, 613 0) 10, 613 See footnotes at end of table.

CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value o f articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued CO to INDIANA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued Farm: Field crops and garden 308 Corn, field Bushels. 15,460 $8. 261 15,460 $8,261 Ensilage___ _ _ 750 2,625 750 2,625 Fodder...... Tons 12,000 6,000 12,000 6.000 H a y ______Tons 2,139 15,112 2,139 15,112 Labor o n ly ,.______^ _ 0) 1,320 0) 1, 320 Potatoes______. _ _ . _ Bushels . 18, 621 12,178 18,621 12,178 Straw______Tons 225 1,125 225 1,125 W h e a t..____ Bushels. 9,178 7, 343 9,17S 7, 343 Miscellaneous______(') 49,568 0) 49,483 0) $85 Farm: Hogs 24 Hogs.. _ . _ Head 2, 494 33,010 1, 728 21, 433 766 11,577 * Pork, dressed _ __ Pounds. 68, 587 3, 572 68, 587 3,572 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 12 E g g s ..______Dozen 26,784 4, 618 26, 784 4, 618 Poultry, dressed-. ______Pounds. 16, 766 3,472 16,162 3,415 604 57 Poultry, live Head__ .. 649 416 649 416 Farm: Miscellaneous Livestock- Head 136 1, 274 90 833 46 441 Miscellaneous 0) 41 0) 41 Furniture: Metal 4 Beds ______Each 340 3,315 340 3, 315 195Miscellaneous _ _ __ 195 195Miscellaneous

0) (0 1940 Furniture: Wood 230 B ed s______--. Each 41 391 16 169 25 222 Benches. - ______Each. .. — 162 567 152 547 10 20 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc ______Each _ 107 1,537 93 1,347 14 190 Chairs______Each 6,114 11,982 5,653 10,997 461 985 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each __ 149 830 111 654 38 176 Desks._____ . ______Each ... 85 1,487 75 1,258 10 229 Repairs. .. „ __ _ 0) 476 0) 476 Tables______Each___ 498 4,491 434 4,095 64 396 Miscellaneous...... _____ 0) 31,159 (*) 18,057 ■ ■■■■■ - -r n , - 13,102

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Furniture: Other than metal or wood______23 Mattresses______Each.. 2,042 12,026 1,873 10,490 169 1, 536 Pillows______Each.. 1.962 1,963 1,952 1,949 10 14 Repairs______(■5 9 0 9 Miscellaneous______(0 540 0) 359 0) 181 Grain-mill products______14 Flour______Barrels. 15, 524 84,309 12,150 64,124 3, 374 20.245 Labor only______0) 504 0) 504 Miscellaneous______0) 8 0) 8 Laundry, commercial______2 0) 640 0 640 Metal Products: Tags, highway markers, and 154 signs. Auto license tags______— Each... 2,680,116 159, 229 !, 680,116 159, 229 Highway markers______Each.... 3,291 4,905 3,291 4,905 Repairs------0) 18 0) 18 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Signs______Each.. 59, 644 121, 726 59, 644 121, 726 Tags, miscellaneous______Each.. 7 441, 945 8, 571 441,945 8,208 0) 363 Miscellaneous______0) 1, 379 0 758 0 621 Metal products: Miscellaneous______116 Castings------Pieces. 14,178 13, 221 13,966 12, 744 212 477 Do______Pieces.. 0 3, 274 0 3,089 (0 185 Galvanized ware______Pieces.. 5,299 4,183 5,285 4,159 14 24 Iron hollow ware______Pieces.. 2, 095 1, 535 350 277 2, 345 1, 258 Tinware______Pieces.. 4,910 2,119 4, 910 2,119 Do______0 3,013 0 3,013 Miscellaneous______0 271 0 271 Paint______Gallons.. 29 53,004 87,846 52,906 87,674 98 172 Printing and binding______115 Bookbinding and blank books______Each.. 5,936 3,864 5,936 3,864 Envelopes______Each.. 2,405,172 14, 516 2,405,172 14, 516 Letterheads______Each.. 10,200 10 10,200 10 Miscellaneous______0 2.522 0 2,409 0 113 Quarrying and rock crushing______185 Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons.. 45,956 47,166 5,945 5,755 40,011 41,411 Stone, building______Tons.. 63 106 46 74 17 32 Stone, crushed______Tons.. 44,183 52,057 26, 744 32, 792 17, 439 19,265 Soap and other detergents.______37 Soap______Pounds. 749,128 64, 236 748.514 64,193 614 43 Soap, liquid.______Gallons. 5,000 2,129 5,000 2,129 Textiles______"i58 Blanketing, wool______Sq. yd. 18,020 23,752 18,020 23,752 Blankets______Each... 1,244 3,737 1,244 3,737 Cotton yard goods, heavy______Yards.. 486 235 486 235 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd. 47,470 6,208 47,470 6,208 Do______Yards.. 3,916 439 3,916 439 Wool yard goods______Sq.yd. 24,981 16,370 24,981 16,370 See footnotes at end of table.

CO CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis SO T a bl e A.— Kind, quantity, a/ic? value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued INDIANA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON* ber of Public works and Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Textile products ______155 Bags, cloth______Dozen 503 $1,264 503 $1,264 Flags. ______Each 40,668 8 4,114 40,665 s 4,106 3 $8 Mopheads______Dozen 818 4,178 818 4,178 Pillowcases. ______Dozen 437 1,160 437 1,160 Sheets. ______Dozen 647 4,605 647 4,605 Spreads... ______Each 144 107 144 107 Towels______Dozen 1,980 2,940 1,980 2,940 Miscellaneous______C1) 5,347 (9 3,604 (9 1,743 Wood products. ______101 Baskets, willow______Each i6,430 17,732 176 306 10, 254 17,426 Boxes...... ______. Each 1,200 300 1,200 300 Hickory poles______Each 140,000 700 140,000 700 Lumber___ . ______Bd.ft 101,159 1,338 101,159 1.338 W illow ______Pounds. 52,000 3,640 52,000 3, 640 Other manufactured products______130 Beef, dressed. . .. . ______Pounds. 90,099 11,954 90,099 11,954 Canned fruits and vegetables ______Cases 26, 573 38,137 26, 573 38,137 Do______(9 15,999 (9 15,999 Deodorants and disinfectants______0) 7.822 (9 7,822 Labor only ______(9 1,654 (9 1,654 Lard______Pounds. 158,982 11,539 158,982 11, 539 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 507,188 69,557 464,988 63,800 42, 200 5,757 1940 Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 110, 700 41, 604 110, 700 41,604 Miscellaneous.. ______(9 843 (9 816 (9 27 STATE REFORMATORY Total______801 467,918 420,369 $2,400 45,149 Brooms, brushes, and mops______... 36 Brooms______Dozen 1,858 12,981 1, 776 12, 658 82 323 Brushes______Dozen 652 6,071 646 6,037 6 34 M ops...... Each___ 4,849 1,857 4,849 1,857

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Clay, cement, and stone products.______3 Each .. 2,522 225 2, 522 225 Miscellaneous ______0) 31 0) 31 Clothing ______149 Dozen 195 879 195 879 Coats, dress .. ______Each ... 93 317 90 306 3 11 ______Dozen _ 379 6,620 work378 . 6,607 1 13Coats, Each 798 654 798 654 Doz. pr. 3.593 3,957 3,593 3,957 Hats and caps ______Dozen 352 1,449 352 1,449 1,155 7,832 1,153 7,822 2 10 Each 437 2,060 437 2,060 Pants, work __ . _ 719 10,936 708 10, 688 11 248 Shirts, dress ______179 1,149 179 1,149 Shirts, work ______1,164 7,377 1,163 7,371 1 6 A APPENDIX Shoes repaired _ ___ 3,580 1,611 3,580 1,611 Suits _. ______Each 2,185 10, 593 2,185 10, 593 Underwear, men’s and boys’ . ______... Dozen426 1,411 425 1,406 1 5 Miscellaneous. ... ______(0 134 0) 53 0) 81 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 4 1 2,400 1 2,400 Farm: Dairy . ______22 Beef, dressed . ______Pounds. 13,734 1,035 13,734 1,035 Cattle .. . ______Head 97 3,695 50 2,615 47 1,080 Milk, whole... ______Pounds.. 924,275 14,330 924,275 14, 330 ---- Miscellaneous.. . . . ______0) 2,534 0) 2, 534 Farm: Field crops and garden______52 TABLES GENERAL Corn, field Bushels. 8,700 4.611 8,700 4,611 Hay ______Tons 439 3.612 439 3, 612 Labor only .. ______0) 1,320 0) 1,320 Potatoes______Bushels . 5,933 3,004 5,933 3,004 Wheat ______Bushels. 6,327 5,062 6,327 5,062 Miscellaneous______0) 14,407 0) 14, 322 (9 85 Farm: Hoes. ______5 Hogs . ... ______Head 427 6.139 181 1,810 246 4,329 Pork, dressed______... Pounds 67,265 3,453 67, 265 3,453 Farm: Miscellaneous______1 Livestock______Head 136 1,274 90 833 46 441 Miscellaneous______0) 41 (0 41 Furniture: Metal. ______(2) Miscellaneous ______0) 195 0) 195 Furniture: Wood. ______71 Beds...... Each 33 340 16 169 17 171 Benches ______Each _ 141 508 140 505 1 3 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc ______Each _ _ 90 1, 349 80 1,217 10 132 Chairs _ __ . ______Each ._ 3,248 6, 296 3,197 6,208 51 88 Davenports, sofas, e t c ______Each _ _ 3 32 3 32 Desks ...... Each _. 80 1,443 70 1,214 10 229 Repairs 0) 15 (9 15 Tables . . ______Each___341 3, 558 312 3, 338 29 220 Miscellaneous______0) 4,275 0) 2,224 (9 2, 051 See footnotes at end of table. CO Ox

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, fey State, system, and institution— Continued CD oa INDIANA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ RSN AO I TE NTD STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON ber of Public works and Piece price Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state reformatory—continued Furniture: Other than metal or wood 18 Mattresses______Each 1,880 $11,538 1,711 $10,002 169 $1,536 Pillows______Each. 885 1,470 875 1,456 10 14 Miscellaneous. ______... 0) 540 0) 359 0) 181 Grain-mill products______7 Flour __ Barrels 9,583 51,039 9,583 51,039 Metal products: Miscellaneous _ 113 Castings __ Pieces 14,178 13,221 13,966 12, 744 212 477 Castings, miscellaneous...... (9 3,274 0) 3,089 0) 185 Galvanized ware______Pieces _ 5,238 3,946 5,224 3,922 14 24 Iron hollow ware______Pieces __ 2,695 1,535 350 277 2, 345 1,258 Tinware Pieces 4,910 2,119 4.910 2,119 Tinware, miscellaneous___ 0) 285 285 Miscellaneous 0) 271 j ; 271 Paint ______Gallons _ 29 53,004 87,846 52,906 87,674 98 172 Printing and binding 75 Envelopes Each 2,402,172 14, 505 2,402,172 14, 505 Letterheads Each 10,200 10 10,200 10 Miscellaneous ______0) 2,222 0) 2,207 0) 15 Quarrying and rock crushing 60 Lime and agricultural limestone. __ Tons 27,422 27,420 ii 9 27,411 27, 411 Stone, building ______Tons 63 106 46 74 17 32 Stone, crushed.. ______Tons 13,648 13,392 9,476 9,188 4,172 4,204 Textiles 109 1940 Blanketing, wool _ Sq. yd 18,020 23, 752 18,020 23, 752 Cotton yard goods, light__ __ Sq. yd 47,470 6,208 47,470 6,208 Wool yard goods ______Sq. yd 24,981 16,370 24, 981 16, 370 Textile products ______30 Bags, cloth.______Dozen. 494 1,186 494 1,186 Flags ______Each.. 40, 525 8 3, 261 40, 522 8 3,253 3 8 Mopheads______Dozen 818 4,178 818 4,178 Pillowcases___ . ______Dozen. 48 118 48 118 Sheets ______Dozen. 63 449 63 449 Towels Dozen 11 20 11 20 Miscellaneous______0) 1.559 0) 1.528 0) 31

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Wood products: Lumber______Bd. ft... 75,000 750 75,000 750 Other manufactured products______Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases... 9,979 10, 556 9,979 10, 556 i Labor only (canning)______0) 1,611 0) 1, 611 Miscellaneous______0) 89 0) 89 STATE PRISON Total______737,990 615,489 $110,000 12, 501 Clay, cement, and stone products______Concrete blocks______Each. 5,599 6,135 5, 599 6,135 Concrete pipe______0) 175 0) 175 Miscellaneous______0) 350) 11 0) 24 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen. 139 530 139 530 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Coats, dress______Each... 1, 530 4,917 1, 530 4,917 Coats, work______Dozen 115 1,019 115 1,019 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr 62 944 62 944 Hats and caps______Dozen 628 1,653 628 1, 653 Overalls______Dozen 199 10 19910 Overcoats______Each.. 858 3, 698 858 3,698 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 704 90 70490 Pants, dress______Each.. 3,448 8,193 3,448 8,193 Pants, work______Dozen 534 4,970 534 4, 970 Shirts, dress______Dozen 207 1,123 207 1,123 Shirts, work...______Dozen 65 3,172 65 3,172 Shoes, new______Pairs.. 16,253 39,115 16,253 39,115 Suits______Each.. 711 4, 223 711 4, 223 Underwear, men's and boys'______Dozen- 32 1,297 32 1,297 Uniforms______Each.. 12 117 12 117 Miscellaneous... ______(0 299 0) 211 0) 88 Construction: Buildings...______Each___ 6 73, 700 6 73, 700 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. (036, 300 0) 36, 300 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 9, 744 1,655 9,744 1,655 Cattle______Head__ 41 1,585 28 1,030 13 555 Milk, whole______Pounds. 484,183 13,865 484,183 13,865 Miscellaneous______0) 402 0) 402 Farm: Field crops and garden______Corn, field______Bushels. 6, 760 3, 650 6, 760 3, 650 Hay______Tons___ 300 4,500 300 4,500 Potatoes______Bushels. 6, 546 3, 987 6, 546 3,987 Wheat______Bushels. 2,851 2, 281 2,851 2, 281 Miscellaneous______0)20, 652 0) 20, 652 Farm: Hogs______Hogs______Head__ 817 8, 761 297 1, 513 520 7,248 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 1,322119 1,322 119 Farm: Poultry and poultry products___ Eggs...______D ozen- 2,849 599 2,849 599 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 8,439 1,488 8,439 1,488 Poultry, live______Head__ 416 649 416649 c o See footnotes at end o f table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis CO T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued 00 INDIANA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ RSN AO I TE NTD STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON ber of Public works and State account Piece price Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways oners em- Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison—continued Furniture: M eta l....______Beds______Each.. 340 $3,315 340 $3,315 Furniture: Wood______Benches______Each.. 2 15 2 15 Chairs______Each.. 1,172 2,003 1,172 2,006 Davenports, sofas, etc------Each.. 4 54 4 54 Desks______Each.. 5 44 5 44 Repairs______0) 297 <0 297 Tables ------Each- 19 25919 259 Miscellaneous______(0 12,623 (0 10,901 0) $1,722 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each.. 162 488 162 488 Pillows______Each.. 1,077 493 1,077 493 Repairs______0 90 9 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs______154 Auto license tags------Each.. 2,680,116 159,229 2,680,116 159,229 Highway markers______Each.. 3,291 4,905 3,291 4,905 Repairs______0) 18 0 18 Signs..______Each.. 59,644 121, 726 59, 644 121,726 Tags, miscellaneous______Each_. 7 441,945 8,571 441,945 8,208 0) 363 Miscellaneous------0) 1,3790 758 0 621 Metal products: Miscellaneous------Galvanized ware------Pieces- 61 237 61 237 1940 Tinware______0) 2,728 0 2,728 Printing and binding------40 Bookbinding and blank books______Each.. 5,936 3,864 5,936 3,864 Envelopes______Each_. 3,000 11 3,000 11 Miscellaneous______0) 300 0 202 0 98 Soap and other detergents------37 Soap______Pounds. 749,128 64,236 748,514 64,193 614 43 Soap, liquid— ------Gallons. 5,0002,129 5,000 2,129 Textiles______49 Blankets______Each... 1,244 3,737 1,244 3,737 Cotton yard goods, heavy______Yards.. 235 486 235486 Cotton yard goods, light.______Yards. . 3,916 439 3,916 439

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Textile products . - ______124 Bags, cloth ______. ____ Dnzfvn 9 78 9 78 Flags ______- ______- Each... 143 853 143 853 Pillowcases .. ______Each.. _ 286 549 286 549 Each 338 2,681 338 2,681 Spreads Each 144 107 144 107 1,914 2,822 1,914 2,822 (9 3, 594 (9 1,882 (9 1,712 Other manufactured products 84 16,594 27, 581 16, 594 27, 581 (9 7,822 (9 7,822 Labor only (canning) (9 43 (9 43 Pounds. HO. 700 41,604 110, 700 41,604 Miscellaneous. ____ (9 431 (9 404 (9 27 PEDX —GNRL TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX women’s prison Total______21 5, 580 3,455 2,125 Clothing ______. . . . 11 Aprons ______.. Dozen... 16 58 16 58 Children’s play suits. . ______Dozen... 4 24 4 24 Coats, work______. Each__ 3 3 3 3 Dresses ... ______. Each__ 2,347 2,112 2,347 2,112 Hats and caps______Dozen 7 8 7 8 Labor only __ _. ______..... (i) 1,485 (9 1,485 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen... 26 167 26 167 Repairs___... ______.. .. 0) 12 (9 12 Miscellaneous.______0) 259 (9 259 Farm: Field crops and garden______. 8 Miscellaneous-.. . ______0) 632 (9 632 Laundry, commercial ______2 (1) 640 (9 640 Textile products: Miscellaneous______. (9 (9 180 (9 180 STATE FARM Total______760 431,165 289,343 $28, 500 113,322 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms______Dozen... 1 33 101 33 101 Clay, cement, and stone products______209 Brick______M _____ 3,923 41, 583 983 1L 692 2,940 29,891 Building tile______Each__ 60,867 2, 576 60,867 2.576 ______Concrete pipe______(0 14,548 (9 14,400 (9 148 Concrete posts______Each___ 253 380 253 380 Drain tile_____... ______Each___ 37,446 2,108 36,246 2,075 1,200 33 Clothing______5 Coats, work______Dozen... 141 1,271 141 1,271 Gloves and mittens.. _____ . . . _____ Doz.pr.. 272 294 272 294 Hats and caps______Dozen.._ 23 3 23 3 Overalls _ _ .1. ______Dozen... 368 4,414 368 4,414 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen... 177 638 177 638 Pants, work______.______Dozen... 14 168 14 168 Shirts, dress______... Dozen... 23 188 23 188 Shirts, work. ______Dozen... 320 2,300 320 2,300 Dozen__ 672 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ...... 280 672 280 CO See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 100 T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued INDIANA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE farm—continued Construction: Buildings.. ______Each___ 20 2 $28,500 ’ 2 $28, 500 Farm: Dairy______25 Butter . . . ______. .. Pounds. 21,658 7,577 21,658 $7, 577 Cattle______Head. 24 1,526 24 1, 526 Milk, whole______Pounds. 731,239 8,243 731,239 8, 243 M iscellaneous______(0 7,677 0) 7,677 Farm: Field crops and garden______120 Ensilage___ ... .. ______... Tons 750 2,625 750 2, 625 Fodder (corn)______Tons 12,000 6,000 12,000 6,000 Hay ______. . . Tons 1,400 7,000 1,400 7,000 Potatoes. ______Bushels 6,142 5,187 6,142 5,187 Straw _ _ . . . ______Tons 225 1,125 225 1,125 Miscellaneous. ______(0 13,877 0) 13, 877 Farm: Hogs Head.... 17 1,250 18,110 1, 250 18,110 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______10 Eggs Dozen 23,935 4,019 23,935 4,019 1,927Poultry, dressed . . . . .8,327 . _ Pounds.1,984 7, 723 1,927Poultry, $57 604 Furniture: Wood ______90 Beds . ______Each 8 51 8 51 Benches _ . . . ______Each _ 19 44 10 27 9 17 Bureaus, chiffoniers, e t c ______Each . 17 188 13 130 4 58 Chairs . ______Each . 1,694 3,680 1,284 2,783 410 897 Davenports, sofas, etc ______Each . 142 744 104 568 38 170 Repairs ______0) 164 0) 164 1940 Tables ______Each __ 138 674 103 498 35 176 Miscellaneous ______(0 14,261 0) 4,932 0) 9,329 Grain-mill products . . ______7 Flour ______... Barrels 5,941 33,330 2, 567 13,085 3, 374 20, 245 Labor only ______(0 504 0) 504 Miscellaneous _ __■ ______0) 8 0) 8 Quarrying and rock crushing______125 Lime and agricultural limestone Tons i8, 534 19, 746 5, 934 5, 746 12, 600 14,000 Stone, crushed ______Tons . . 30, 535 38,665 17, 268 23, 604 13,267 15,061 Textile products. ______1 Pillowcases...... Dozen... 103 493 103 493

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sheets______Dozen. 246 1,475 246 1,475 Towels______Dozen. 55 98 55 98 Miscellaneous______0) 14 (0 14 Wood products______97 Baskets, willow______Each__ 10,430 17,732 176 306 10, 254 17,426 Boxes______Each__ 1,200 300 1,200 300 Hickory poles______Each___ 140,000 700 140,000 700 Lumber______Bd.ft.__ 26,159 588 26,159 588 Willow______Pounds. 52,000 3,640 52,000 3,640 Other manufactured products___ 33 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 90,099 11,954 90,099 11,954 Canned fruits and vegetables. (0 15,999 (0 15,999 Lard______Pounds. 158,982 11,539 158,982 11,539 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 507,188 69, 557 464,988 63,800 42, 200 5, 757 Miscellaneous______(0 323 (0 323 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX

IOWA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______... ______1,173 $855,355 $637,191 $59, 667 $158,497 Brooms, brushes, and mops 8 Brooms.. Dozen 903 3,078 899 3* 073 4 5 Brushes Dozen 543 2,633 543 2,633 Clothing, other than knit...... 183 Aprons _ _ Dozen 91 422 91 422 Belts, leather. _ _ Dozen 66 237 66 237 Coats, dress _ _ . Each 464 2, 257 464 2,257 Coats, work Dozen 324 7,006 324 7,006 Dresses _ . Each 293 327 293 327 Gloves an d mittens______Doz. pr. 1,721 3,930 1, 721 3,930 Handkerchiefs _____ ...... _____ Dozen 1,241 549 1,241 549 Hats and caps______. . . ______Dozen 556 1,285 556 1, 285 Labor o n ly ______... 0) 363 0) 363 Overalls. ______Dozen 1,130 16, M l 1,130 16,347 Overcoats.___ . ______Each . 439 3,447 439 3,447 Pajamas and nightgowns______... Dozen _ 34 240 34 240 Pants, dress______. ... . Each___ 517 1,900 517 1,900 Pants, work______Dozen 264 4,426 264 4,426 Shirts, work. ______Dozen 1,100 10, 277 1,100 10,277 Shoes, new . ______Pairs ... 16,505 ' 46,199 16, 505 46,199 Shoes repaired _ . . . ______. Pairs___ 17,344 9,243 17,344 9,243 Suits.______... _ . ______._ Each ... 1,457 14,448 1,457 14,448 Underwear, men’s and boys’ . . _ ... Dozen 289 1,574 289 1, 574 Underwear, women’s and children’s .. Dozen 34 100 34 100 Uniforms. ______Each... 15 210 15 210 Miscellaneous______0) 155 0) 155 See footnotes at end of table. h-1 O

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, fey State, system, emd institution— Continued O IOW A—Con tinued t o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED 'THE. IN LABOR PRISON pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued 24 Hosiery _____ - ______Doz. pr. 5,621 $9,522 5,621 $9,522 Dozen. 70 970 70 970 Dozen 2,142 13,163 2,142 13,163 Construction: Buildings______68 0) 38,194 0) L$38,194 Construction: Miscellaneous______38 0) 21,473 (9 21,473 Farm: Cattle ______23 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 122,149 9,002 66,039 4,703 56,110 $4,299 Cattle -- ______0) 1,194 0) 597 (0 597 Do ______Head. 17 714 17 714 Miscellaneous______0) 254 0) 254 Farm: Dairy ______44 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 56,010 4,783 34,686 3,013 21,324 1, 770 Butter ______- ______Pounds. 15,522 6,364 15,522 6,364 Cattle ______-- -- ____ 0) 2, 755 0) 1,100 (0 1,655 Cheese ______Pounds. 13,092 2,499 13,092 2,499 Milk, whole - - - ______Pounds. 1,962,402 41, 317 1,959,244 41,254 3,158 63 Farm: Field crops and garden. ______95 Corn, field______Bushels . 18,532 9,424 18,532 9,424 Ensilage ______Tons 1,552 6,921 1,552 6,921 Hay ______Tons 1,048 7,196 1,048 7,196 Molasses ______Gallons. 748 299 748 299 Oats ______Bushels. 5,140 1, 727 5,140 1,727 Potatoes ______Bushels . 6,429 3,935 6,429 3,935 1040 Bye ______Bushels. 200 110 200 110 Strawberries ______0) 1,911 0) 1,911 Wheat ______Bushels. 500 371 500 371 Miscellaneous ______(9 20,380 0) 20,380 Farm: Hogs 9 Hogs ______0) 2,995 0) 2,065 (9 930 Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 464,593 23, 793 464, 593 23, 793 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 5 Eggs ______Dozen 13,807 2,007 13, 807 2,007 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds . 8,667 1,165 4,111 621 4, 556 544 Poultry, live...... -...... Head. _ _ 373 442 368 439 5 , 3

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Miscellaneous ______(0 136 (0 87 (0 49 Farm, miscellaneous______117 Farm hands hired out______(0 4,121 (0 4,082 CO 39 Livestock______Head. 7 371 3 150 4 221 Furniture: Wood______153 Beds _ . ______Each___ 1,603 8,031 68 337 1, 535 7,694 Breakfast sets______Each__ 7,411 87,751 17 244 7,394 87, 507 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. . 238 1,049 238 1,049 Chairs.______l ... ______Each___ 12,819 48,468 1,567 7,104 11,252 41,364 Desks ______Each 66 2,746 50 2, 540 16 206 Ottomans __ ...... Each ._ 683 1,484 683 1,484 Tables______Each___ 181 321 169 248 12 73 Miscellaneous______(0 260 (0 217 V 43 Furniture: Other than metal or wood. _____ 3 Mattresses______Each ... 432 2,565 432 2,565 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Pillows______Each___ 124 72 124 72 Repairs______(0 1,641 <0 1,641 Metal products______... 46 Auto license tags.______Each__ 1,770, 823 75,260 1, 770,823 75,260 Highway markers...... Each ... 8,501 9,438 8,501 9,438 Signs...I______(0 76 (0 76 Tags, miscellaneous______Each___ 14,810 629 14,810 629 Printing and binding. . ______53 Bookbinding and blank books______Each ___ 13,622 3,328 13,622 3,328 Envelopes __ . _. . ______Each __ 919,396 3,260 919,396 3,260 Letterheads _ . ______... Each___ 150,000 539 150,000 539 Miscellaneous _ . ... ______(0 7,227 (') 7,227 Quarrying and rock crushing . ______61 - Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons . 7,570 5,387 557 364 7,013 5,023 Stone, building ______Tons ._ 1,424 946 1,408 916 16 30 Stone, crushed. ______Tons 12,813 8,990 11, 246 7,472 1, 567 1, 518 Soap and other detergents______27 Soap. . ______Pounds. 424,219 36,234 424,219 36, 234 Soap, liquid .______Gallons. 7,229 1,120 7,229 1,120 Miscellaneous soap products______... (0 49 (0 49 Textiles______112 Cotton yard goods, light. ______Sq. yd 407,088 79,263 407,088 79, 263 Duck and canvas ______. Sq. yd. 1,518 1,124 1, 518 1,124 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd._ 21,565 17,302 21, 565 17.302 Miscellaneous______(0 53 (0 53 Textile products______45 Bags, cloth... ______0 ) 1,035 0) 1,035 Flags. ______. Each___ 41 172 25 147 16 25 Mopheads .. ______Dozen 556 1,336 556 1,336 Pillowcases______Dozen 647 1,923 646 1,921 1 2 Rugs, rag______Each 425 333 425 333 Sheets. ______Dozen 946 9,401 945 9,395 1 6 Spreads______.... Each 3,505 4,505 3, 505 4,505 Towels... _ . . . . Dozen 2,030 5,086 2,030 5,086 Washcloths__ Dozen 541 365 541 365 Miscellaneous______' 0) 641 O) 506 0) i§5 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued O IOWA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued 59 Cases 15,654 $28,331 15,654 $28,331 Do 0) 464 0) 464 Insecticides, deodorants, and related chemical compounds __ CO­ 26,680 0) 26,680 Miscellaneous - - - _____ CO 309 (0 309 THE MEN’S REFORMATORY Total ______452 375,847 339,461 $26,359 $10,027 Clothing . ______106 Aprons ______Dozen 59 312 59 312 Coats, dress ______Each 464 2,257 464 2, 257 Coats, work Dozen 231 4,969 231 4,969 Gloves and mittens Doz.pr 1,002 3, 211 1,002 3, 211 Hats and caps Dozen 270 948 270 948 Handkerchiefs _ _ _ Dozen 70 35 70 35 Labor only _ ___ _ 0) 363 (0 363 Overalls - ______Dozen 964 14,811 964 14,811 Overcoats ______Each 255 2,113 255 2,113 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 10 65 10 65 Pants, dress ______Each 517 1,900 517 1,900 Pants, work . ______Dozen . 136 3, 247 136 3, 247 Shirts, work Dozen 786 7,896 786 7,896 1940 Shoes repaired Pairs 10,875 5,873 10,875 5,873 Suits ______Each___ 1,053 11,317 1,053 11,317 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen 289 1,574 289 1, 574 Uniforms Each 15 "210 15 210 Miscell an em 1 s (0 136 (0 136 Construction: Buildings _ _ 9 (0 4,886 0) 4,886 Construction: Miscellaneous 38 (0 21,473 0) 21,473 Farm: Dairy ______25 Beef, dressed __ ___ Pounds_ 56,010 4,783 34,686 3,013 21,324 1,770 Butter ______Pounds. 15, 522 6,364 15,522 6,364 Cattle______Head__ (0 2, 755 (0 1,100 0) i, 655

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis A P P E N D IX A-----GENERAL TABLES O Or 31 30 30 5,023 5,023 518 1, 146,922 4 5 16 1,567 7,013 (0 33, 308 33, 76 76 41 49 150 299 299 539 539 629 364 490 375 916 484 1,547 1,547 2,422 2,422 1,119 3,405 3,405 541 2, 1,120 1,120 1,035 3,328 3,328 727 6, 6,260 6,260 9,438 9,438 3,260 3,260 7,472 3,073 3,073 2.633 13,894 19,076 11,687 75,260 75,260 26,680 36, 234 234 36, 28,331 28,331 275, 752 275, 65 354 354 748 100 681 681 557 557 464 543 899 1,408 1,408 3,884 3,884 3,487 8,501 8,501 4,420 4,420 7,229 7,229 (0 (0 (0 (0 (0 (0 0) (0 13,622 13,622 12,239 12,239 14,810 11,246 15,654 150,000 150,000 850,318 919,396 919,396 234, 265 234, 424, 219 219 424, 1,770,823 1,770,823 76 76 49 41 181 629 539 539 299 299 946 946 490 375 484 1,547 1,547 1,120 1,120 1,119 3,328 3,328 2,422 2,422 5,387 5,387 1,035 9,438 9,438 6,727 6,260 6,260 3,405 2,541 3,260 3,260 8,990 3,078 3,078 2.633 13,894 19,076 11,687 75,260 75,260 26,680 36, 234 234 36, 28,331 28,331 455,982 65 681 681 748 100 354 354 464 903 543 1,424 1,424 3,884 3,884 7,570 7,570 4,420 4,420 3,487 8,501 8,501 7,229 7,229 (0 (0 (0 (0 (0 (0 (0 (0 14,810 13,622 13,622 12,239 12,239 12,813 15,654 150,000 150,000 234,265 850,318 919,396 919,396 424, 219 219 424, 1,770,823 1,770,823 4 33 61 27 61 T2)" ~ w ‘ "46 Gallons. Gallons. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Each. Pounds Tons.... T ons... Bushels. Pounds Each.. Each.. Each- Gallons. Cases. Pounds Each- Each.. Tons.. Tons.. Tons.. Pounds. Dozen.. _ Dozen Dozen. Dozen.. Dozen- Dozen.. ______T ______STATE PENITENTIARY STATE ...... ______Louis ______St. chemical compoundschemical Corn, field Corn, Ensilage Oats Milk, whole______Molasses Hay. Bookbinding and blank books Livestock Auto license tags______Auto license Signs Highway markers______miscellaneous Tags, Miscellaneous building Stone, Soap______liquidSoap, Miscellaneous and vegetables fruits Canned Envelopes______Letterheads limestone Lime agricultural and Miscellaneous soap productssoap Miscellaneous Sheets Towels Stone, crushed______Stone, Bags, cloth Bags, Pillowcases Insecticides, Insecticides, deodorants, and related Brooms Brushes of See footnotes at end o f table. Farm: Farm: garden and crops Field Farm: Farm: Poultry and poultry products.. Farm: Farm: Miscellaneous Metal products Printing and bindingand Printing Other manufactured products manufactured Other Quarrying and rock crushing and Quarrying Soap and other detergents other and Soap Textile Textile products______Brooms, brushes, mops.and Brooms, brushes, Total- ° ° Potatoes______1 I Miscellaneous I I Pork, dressed 4 0 81 02 to Farm: Hogs Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 106 106 T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution —Continued IOWA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ RSN AO I TE NTD STATES, UNITED THE IN LABORPRISON Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued * Clothing, other than knit______75 Aprons. ______Dozen 27 $96 27 $96 Belts, leather ______Dozen _ 66 237 66 237 Coats, w ork .______Dozen _ 93 2,037 93 2,037 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr._ 719 719 719 719 Handkerchiefs ______Dozen _ 1,171 514 1,171 514 Hats and caps______^___ ... Dozen. 286 337 286 337 Overalls______Dozen. _ 166 1,536 166 1, 536 Overcoats______. . ______Each 184 1,334 184 1,334 Pajamas and nightgowns ______Dozen 6 66 6 66 Pants, work______Dozen. 128 1,179 128 1,179 Shirts, work. ______Dozen _ 314 2,381 314 2,381 Shoes, new ______Pairs 16,505 46,199 16, 505 46,199 Shoes repaired______Pairs 6,469 3,370 6,469 3,370 Suits ______Each 404 3,131 404 3,131 Miscellaneous______0) 12 0) 12 Clothing, knit______24 Hoisery . ______Doz. pr_. 5,621 9,522 5,621 9,522 Sweaters ______Dozen _ 70 970 70 970 Underwear ______Dozen 2,142 13,163 2,142 13,163 Construction: Buildings______69 (0 33, 308 (9 $33,308 Farm: Cattle______22 Beef, dressed ___. . . _ Pounds. 113, 554 8,436 57,444 4,137 56,110 $4,299 Cattle . . ______Head__ 15 538 15 538 1940 Do . ______0) 1,194 0) 597 0) 597 Miscellaneous ______0) 236 0) 236 Farm: Dairy ______16 Milk, whole - ______Pounds. 901,882 18,036 901,822 18,036 Farm: Field crops and garden______50 Corn, field _____ Bushels . 4,566 2,283 4, 566 2,283 Ensilage . . ______Tons. .. 499 1,996 499 1,996 FT ay Tons 651 4,330 651 4, 330 Potatoes ______Bushels . 2,545 1, 513 2,545 1, 513 Rye ______Bushels. 200 110 200 110 Straw berries...... (9 1,911 0) 1,9li

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Bushels. 500 371 500 371 (9 4,768 (9 4,768 Farm: Hogs 4 (9 2,065 (9 2,065 11,185Pork, dressed.212,390 11,185 Pounds. 212,390 11,185Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products 4 Eggs Dozen. 8,263 1,247 8,263 1,247 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 7,595 1,045 3,039 501 4,556 544 Poultry, live. ______Head. 368 439 368 439 Miscellaneous ______(9 136 (9 87 (9 49 Farm: Miscellaneous __ 117 Farm hands hired out (9 4,121 (9 4,082 (9 39 Furniture: Wood 153 Beds Each 1,603 8,031 68 337 1,535 7,694 Breakfast sets Each 7,411 87,751 17 244 7,394 87,507 GENERAL TABLES A— APPENDIX Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc Each 238 1,049 238 1,049 Chairs Each 12,819 48,468 1, 567 7,104 11,252 41,364 Desks Each _ 66 2,746 50 2,540 16 206 Ottomans Each _ 683 1,484 683 1,484 Tables Each _ 181 321 169 248 12 73 Miscellaneous __ (9 260 (9 217 (9 43 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 3 Mattresses______Each _ 432 2,565 432 2,565 Pillows. ______Each 124 72 124 72 Repairs______(9 1,641 (9 1,641 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 5 (9 500 (9 500 Textiles ______112 Cotton yard goods, light _ Sq. yd 407,088 79,263 407.088 79, 263 Duck and canvas Sq. yd 1,518 1,124 1, 518 1,124 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd. 21, 565 17,302 21, 565 17,302 Miscellaneous, ______(9 53 (9 53 Textile products______23 Mopheads Dozen 556 1,336 556 1,336 Pillowcases______Dozen. _ 95 207 95 207 Rugs, rag______Each___ 425 333 425 333 Sheets Dozen . 76 663 76 663 Spreads______Each___ 3,505 4,505 3,505 4,505 Towels______Dozen _ 1,511 3,657 1,511 3,657 W ashcloths__ Dozen. 541 365 541 365 Miscellaneous (9 195 (9 195 Other manufactured products: Miscellaneous _ (2) (9 309 (9 309

women’s reformatory T otal ______4623,526 21,978 1. 548 Clothing ______2 Aprons ______Dozen 5 14 5 14 Dresses __ Each _ 293 327 293 327 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 18 109 18 109 Underwear, women’s and children’s Dozen.., 34 100 34 100 Miscellaneous,______(9 7 (9 7 See footnotes at end of table. ■

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A .—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution —Continued O IOWA—Continued 00

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ ber of Public works and , S E T A T S D E IT N U E H T IN R BO LA N ISO R P Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

women’s reformatory—continued Farm: Cattle______1 Beef, dressed ______Pounds_ 8,595 $566 8,595 $566 Cattle______Head 2 176 2 $176 ______(9 18 _ _ _ (9 18Miscellaneous Farm: Dairy______3 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 210,262 4, 205 207,104 4,142 3,158 63 Farm: Field crops and garden______12 Corn, field _ __ _ Bushels. 1,727 881 1, 727 881 Ensilage _ _ ___ Tons 380 1,520 380 1, 520 Hay ______Tons 43 325 43 325 Oats ______Bushels. 720 180 720 180 Miscellaneous ______0) 1, 718 (9 1, 718 Farm: Hogs______1 Hogs___ . . . _ _ Head 57 930 57 930 Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 17,938 921 17,938 921 Farm: Poultry and poultry products__ ___ 1 E ggs______Dozen. _ 2,057 270 2,057 270 ______dressedPounds. _ _ 1,072 120 1,072 120Poultry, Poultry, live ______Head 5 3 5 3 Farm: Miscellaneous______(9 Livestock ______Head 3 190 3 190 Textile products- ______18 Flags ______Each 41 172 25 147 16 25 Pillowcases ______Dozen 452 1,341 451 1, 339 1 2 1940 Sheets ______Dozen 805 8,254 804 8,248 1 6 Towels ______Dozen 55 310 55 310 Miscellaneous ______0) • 405 (9 270 (9 135 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 8 (9 464 (9 464 and vegetables.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis KANSAS

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total 999 $488,943 $389, 980 $2, 700 $96, 263 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick_ M. 47 1,018 10,181 1,018 10,181 Clothing___’ . ____ ... _____ . ... 86 Aprons __ . _ Dozen 110 325 110 325 Children’s playsuits______... _ Dozen... 4 19 4 19 Coats, work. _ _ ... ______Dozen 152 1,905 152 1,905 Dresses ...... ______. Each__ 175 114 175 114 Gloves and mittens______. . . ____ ... Doz.pr.. 2,626 3,749 2,626 3,749 Hats and caps______... Dozen _ 1,448 1,769 1,448 1, 769 Labor only.. . ______. (9 723 (9 723 A IX D N E P P A Overalls ..... ______Dozen ._ 605 7,465 605 7,465 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen . 2 12 2 12 Pants, dress. ... ______Each 326 1,068 326 1,068 Pants, work______Dozen _ 523 5,620 523 5,620 Shirtsj dress__ ...... _____ ... Dozen.. _ 53 256 53 256 Shirts, work______Dozen . 472 1,872 472 1,872 Shoes, new.. . . ______Pairs ... 393 929 393 929 Shoes repaired...... ___...... (0 3, 280 (9 3, 280 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. _ 937 2,356 937 2, 356 ----- Uniforms ___ . _ .. __ __ Each__ 186 2,790 186 2,790 Miscellaneous.. . _ ._ _. *(9 138 (9 138 S BLE A T L A R E N E G Construction: Buildings____ ... 2 0) 1,700 (9 1, 700 Construction: Miscellaneous______... .. 2 (9 1,000 (9 1,000 Cordage: Binder twine _____. . . ______Pounds. 110 1,398, 500 75,190 1, 398, 500 75,190 Farm: D airy___ . _. ______._ ___ 58 Beef, dressed. .. ______Pounds. 28,150 2, 517 28,150 2, 517 Butter______...... ______Pounds. 15, 000 3, 300 15,000 3, 300 Cattle...... ______. Head 315 10,618 175 5,266 140 5,352 Cream______.. . . . ______. . Pounds . 25, 712 1,826 25,712 1,826 Milk, skimmed ______Pounds. 243, 339 2, 518 243, 339 2, 518 Milk, whole____ . ______... . . Pounds. 2,217,656 37,472 2,217,656 37,472 Miscellaneous ...... ______(9 1,766 (9 1,766 Farm: Field crops and garden . . . _____ 107 Corn, field______Bushels . 3,975 2,044 3,975 2,044 Ensilage ____ . ______Tons ... 1, 200 4,800 1,200 4,800 Hay______Tons .. 863 6,908 863 6,908 Labor only______... ______.. (9 30 (9 30 Oats .. ______... ______Bushels. 3,483 1,145 3,483 1,145 Potatoes ______.. Bushels. 14,160 8,257 14,160 8,257 Miscellaneous______.. (9 11, 790 (9 11, 790 Farm: Hogs ______... 6 Hogs. . ... ______. ______Head____ 2, 528 25,499 1,660 14,828 868 10,671 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 128, 046 12,814 128,046 12,814 See footnotes at end of table. O CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 110 110 T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued KANSAS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued Farm: Poultry and poultry products______5 E ggs______Dozen 1,808 $286 1,808 $286 Poultry, liv e ______Head 617 375 617 375 Turkeys, live______Head__ 676 1,415 8 19 668 $1,396 Furniture: Wood______P______20 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 99 1,937 99 1,937 Chairs______Each __ 1 2 1 2 Desks ______Each 1 10 1 10 ______<9 11 (9 11Repairs Tables______Each___ 5 20 5 20 ______•0) 944 (9 11 (9 933Miscellaneous. Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 50 signs. Auto license tags ______. ____ Each 1,206,404 40,000 1,206,404 40,000 Highway markers______Each 11,656 5,016 11, 656 5,016 Mining: C oal______. Tons___ 411 68,079 136,158 68,079 136,158 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous...... 12 (9 2,613 (9 2, 613 Textile products______18 Bags, cloth ______- Dozen- 36 82 36 82 Bags, tobacco ______Dozen 15,450 185 15,450 185 Pillowcases ______Dozen 388 510 388 510 Repairs ______. 0) 19 (9 19 Sheets ______Dozen 394 2,156 394 2,156 Towels ______Dozen... — 1,461 2,236 1,461 2,236 1940 Miscellaneous______0 ) 382 (9 382 Wood products ______7 Lumber - ______(9 1,342 1,342 ______h 337 337Miscellaneous Other manufactured products______58 8 Canned fruits and vegetables...... Cases__ 13, 567 17,773 13,567 17,773 Harness ______Sets___ 3 152 3 152 Do ______(9 550 (9 550 Leather products, miscellaneous______(9 762 (9 762 Repairs (leather) _ . . ______h 50 (9 50 ...... smokingPounds. and chewing 44,640 17,856 44,640 17,856Tobacco,

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis STATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY Total. 170 115,072 110,403 $1,000 3,669 Clothing______25 Aprons______Dozen. 10 25 10 25 Coats, work______Dozen. 4 48 4 48 Hats and caps______Dozen. 69 66 69 66 Labor only______0) 149 (9 149 Overalls______Dozen. 160 1,545 160 1,545 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 2 12 2 12 Pants, dress______Each.. 94 224 94 224 Pants, work______Dozen. 25 198 25 198 Shirts, dress______Dozen. 53 256 53 256 Shirts, work______Dozen. 85 363 85 363 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Shoes, new______Pairs.. 297 871 297 871 Shoes repaired______(0 1,712 <9 1,712 Underwear, men’s and boys’___ Dozen. 184 221 184 221 Miscellaneous______0) 63 (9 63 Construction: Miscellaneous______2 0) 1,000 0) 1,000 Farm: Dairy______20 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 28, 510 2, 517 28,150 2, 517 Butter______Pounds. 15,000 3,300 15,000 3,300 Cattle______Head__ 48 1,096 47 1,081 1 15 Cream______Pounds. 25,712 1,826 25,712 1,826 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 243,339 2,518 243,339 2, 518 Milk, whole______Pounds. 846,687 13, 560 846,687 13,560 Miscellaneous______0) 1,094 (>) 1,094 Farm: Field crops and garden______30 Ensilage______Tons___ 1,200 4,800 1,200 4,800 Hay______Tons___ 406 3,703 406 3,703 Oats______Bushels. 3,483 1,145 3,483 1,145 Potatoes______Bushels. 7,427 4,556 7,247 4, 556 Miscellaneous______o 2,744 0) 2,744 Farm: Hogs______2 Hogs------Head__ 263 1,578 263 1,578 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 11,404 114,041 11,404114,041 Furniture: Wood______20 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 99 1,937 99 1,937 Chairs______Each. 12 1 2 Desks______Each. 1 10 1 10 Repairs______0) 11 <9 11 Tables______Each. 5 20 5 20 Miscellaneous______(9 944 <9 11 (0 933 Metal products______50 Auto license tags______Each. 1,206,404 40,666 1,206,404 40,000 Highway markers______Each. 11,656 5,016 11,656 5,016 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous. 11 0)2,284 <9 2,284 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued KANSAS—Continued to

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY— COn. Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen.. 2 2 $35 Pillowcases------Dozen.. 124 194 124 194 Sheets______Dozen.. 117 492 117 492 Towels______Dozen.. 304 486 304 486 Miscellaneous______l1) 9 0) 9 Other manufactured products------Harness______Pieces.. 104 104 Do______Sets___ 152 152 Leather products, miscellaneous.. (0 762 0) $762 Repairs______0) 20 0) STATE PENITENTIARY Total. 817 372,822 278, 528 $1, 700 92, 594 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick. 1,018 10,181 1,018 10,181 .Clothing------Aprons------Dozen.. 100 300 100 300 Children’s play suits...... Dozen.. 4 19 4 19 Coats, work------Dozen.. 148 1,857 148 1,857 Gloves and mittens------Doz. pr_ 2,626 3, 749 2,626 3,749 Hats and caps— ------Dozen. 1,379 1,703 1, 379 1,703

Labor only...r...... 0) 499 0) 499 1940 Overalls------Dozen. . 445 5,920 445 5,920 Pants, dress------Each... 232 844 232 844 Pants, work...... Dozen.. 498 5.422 498 5,422 Shirts, work------Dozen- 387 1,509 387 1,509 Shoes, new------— Pairs.. . 96 58 96 58 Shoes repaired______Pairs... 6,214 1,568 6,214 1, 568 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ------Dozen.. 753 2,135 753 2,135 Uniforms______E a c h - 186 2, 790 186 2, 790 Construction: Buildings------2 0) 1,700 0) 1,700 Cordage: Binder twine------Pounds. 110 , 398, 500 75,190 1,500 75,190 Farm: Dairy------38 Cattle______Head— . 267 9, 522 128 4,185 5,337

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pounds. 1,370,969 23,912 1, 370,969 23,912 0) 672 0) 672 Farm: Field crops and garden 77 Bushels. 3,975 2,044 3,975 2,044 Hay ______Tons___ 457 3,205 457 3,205 Labor only ______- 0) 30 0) 30 Potatoes ______-- Bushels 6,913 3,701 6,913 3,701 0) 9,046 0) 9,046 4 Hogs ______Head 2,265 23,921 1, 397 13, 250 868 10,671 Pork, dressed _ _ _ _. Pounds. 14,005 1,410 14,005 1,410 Farm: Poultry and poultry products _ _ __ 3 38 20 38 20 Head__ 676 1,415 8 19 668 1,396 Mining: Coal Tons___ 411 68,079 136,158 68,079 136,158 A APPENDIX Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 1 0) 329 0) 329 Textile products 10 Bags, cloth Dozen 34 47 34 47 Bags, tobacco Dozen.... — 15,450 185 15,450 185 Pillowcases Dozen 264 316 264 316 Sheets Dozen 277 1,664 277 1,664 Towels Dozen 1,157 1, 750 1,157 1, 750 M iscellaneous 0) 248 0) 248 Wood products 7 ---- Lumber 0) 1,342 0) 1,342 M iscellaneous 0 ) 337 0) 337 TABLES GENERAL Other manufactured products 52 Canned fruits and vegetables _ _ Cases 13, 567 17,772 13, 567 17, 772 Harness 0) 446 0) 446 Repairs (leather) 0) 30 0) 30 Tobacco, smoking and chewing Pounds. 44,640 17,856 44,640 17,856

STATE INDUSTRIAL FARM FOR WOMEN Total______12 1,049 1,049 Clothing...... 6 Dresses______Each . 175 114 175 114 Labor only ______0) 75 0) 75 Miscellaneous ______. ___ 0) 75 0) 75 Farm: Poultry and poultry products _____ . 2 Eggs______Dozen 1, 770 266 1, 770 266 Poultry, live ______Head .. 617 375 617 375 Textile products______4 Repairs 0 ) 19 0 ) 19 Miscellaneous______0 ) 125 0 ) 125

See footnotes at end o f table.

CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued KENTUCKY

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced ber ol Public works and Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL INSTITUTIONS 442 $441,802 $311,756 $125,000 $5,046 Brooms, brushes, and mops______5 Brooms______Dozen 49 171 49 171 ______Each 541 157 541 157Mops Clothing ______53 Aprons...... __i______Dozen 44 201 44 201 Coats, dress______. Each _ 2,520 9,945 2,520 9,945 Coats, work______Dozen. 14 184 14 184 Dresses ______... Each. 268 180 268 180 Hats and ca p s...______Dozen 852 2,874 852 2,874 Labor only______0) 75 (9 75 Overalls______Dozen 37 445 37 445 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen.. 20 104 20 104 Pants, dress______Each 1,342 2,684 1, 342 2,684 Pants, work ______Dozen 1,025 19,927 1,025 19, 927 Shirts, work______Dozen 1,133 8,503 1,133 8,503 Shoes repaired______Pairs _ 6,440 1,932 6,440 1, 932 Suits______Each 374 1,870 374 1, 870 Underwear, men’s and boys’. ______- Dozen. 472 1,465 472 1,465 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen. 9 10 9 10 Miscellaneous.______0) 152 (9 152 Construction: Buildings______119 0) 125,000 (9 125,000 Farm: Cattle______Head__ (2) 6 163 6 163 Farm: Dairy______22 1940 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 1,125 56 1,125 56 Cattle______Head _ 3 26 3 26 Milk, whole______Pounds. 230, 713 6,713 230, 713 6, 713 Farm: Field crops and garden______135 Corn, field______Bushels. 10, 292 6,690 10, 292 6,690 Hay ______Tons. . 287 3,847 261 3,487 26 360 Potatoes...... Bushels. 13, 295 11,816 12,141 10, 777 1,154 1,039 Miscellaneous.. ______0) 27, 391 (9 27.391 Farm: Hogs______4 Hogs ...... Head 431 4,694 222 1, 554 209 3,140 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 16,185 1, 273 16,185 1, 273

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (2) 0 344 0 344 2 96 433 96 433 95 61 95 61 Barrels.. 2 324 973 324 973 18 954, 208 52, 481 954, 208 52,481 16,389 131,112 16, 389 131,112 0) 2,355 0 2,355 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 73 26,000 5,980 26,000 5,980 9 9 62 9 62 454 1, Oil 454 1,011 713 6,354 713 6,354 1,507 1, 737 1, 507 1, 737 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX 0 351 0) 351

STATE REFORMATORY 3,041 278 ______287, 642 ______284, 601 ______------Clothing 33 Aprons Dozen 36 170 36 170 Coats, dress Each 2,520 9,945 2,520 9,945 Coats, work Dozen 12 144 12 144 H ats and naps Dozen 433 1,872 433 1, 872 Tabor only 0) 23 0 23 Overalls Dozen 37 445 37 445 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 12 61 12 61 Pants, dress Eaeh 1, 342 2,684 1, 342 2,684 Pants, work Dozen 561 14,332 561 14, 332 Shirts, work Dozen 692 5,187 692 5,187 Shoes repaired Pairs 6,440 1,932 6,440 1,932 Underwear, men’s and hoys' Dozen 251 1,146 251 1,146 M iseellaneous 0 152 0 152 Farm: Cattle Head.... (2) 6 163 6 163 Farm: Dairy 20 Milk, whole Pounds. 211,173 6,139 211,173 6,139 Farm: Field eropsand garden 128 Corn, field Bushels. 10, 292 6,690 10, 292 6,690 Hay Tons 287 3,847 261 3, 487 26 360 Potatoes __ Bushels. 13, 295 11,816 12,141 10, 777 1,154 1,039 M iseellaneous 0) 23,183 0 23,183 Farm : Hogs Head__ 3 69 1,135 69 1,135 Farm: Miscellaneous ______(2) 0 344 0 344 Metal products 18 Auto license tags Each 954, 208 52,481 954, 208 52,481 Highway markers . . . Each 16, 389 131,112 16, 389 131,112 Repairs (to signs) .. . . . _. 0 2,355 0 2,355 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 73 26, 000 5, 980 26,000 5,980 See footnotes at end of table. F—*

O i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 6 1 1 T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value o f articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , o W institution— Continued KENTUCKY—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, D ITE N U E TH IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE REFORMATORY—Continued

Textile products ______3 Bags, cloth______9 $62 9 $62 Pillowcases. ______.. Dozen 251467 251 467 Sheets______Dozen 347 3,125 347 3,125 Towels______Dozen 504 606 504 606 Miscellaneous______0 ) 44 0 ) 44 STATE PENITENTIARY Total______158 152,770 25,765 $125,000 $2,005 Brooms, brushes, and mops 5 Brooms...... Dozen 49 171 49 171 Mops...... _ __ _ _ . Each 541 157 541 157 Clothing...... 18 Aprons...... Dozen 2 3 2 3 Coats, work______Dozen 2 40 2 40 Hats and caps______Dozen 419 1,002 419 1,002 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 324 3 24 Pants, work _ _ _ Dozen 464 5, 595 464 5, 595 Shirts, work ___ _ . . . Dozen 4413,316 441 3,316 Suits . . . _ __ Each 374 1,870 374 1,870 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ...... Dozen 221319 221 319 Construction: Buildings...... 119 0 ) 125,000 0 ) 125,000

Farm: Dairy 2 1940 Beef, dressed Pounds 1,125 56 1,125 56 C attle Head 3 26 3 26 Milk, whole Pounds. 19,540 574 19,540 574 Farm: Field eropsand garden 3 Miscellaneous _ __ 0 ) 3,259 0 ) 3,259 Farm : Hogs 1 Hogs . .... Head 362 3, 559 222 1,554 140 2,005 Pork, dressed Pounds. 16,1851,273 16,185 1,273 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 2 M attresses Faeh 96 433 96 433 Pillows Each 95 61 95 61 Grain-mill products: Corn meal______.. Barrels.. .. 2 324 973 324 973

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Textile products...... 6 Pillowcases______Dozen... 203 544 203 544 Sheets______Dozen... 354 3,126 354 3,126 Towels...... __ --- Dozen. 980 1,088 980 1,088 Miscellaneous,_...... 0) 301 0) 301 STATE REFORMATORY (WOMEN) Total...... ______6 1,390 1,390 Clothing...... 2 Aprons...... Dozen 6 28 6 28 Dresses______. Each 268 180 268 180 Pajamas and nightgowns ____ Dozen 5 19 5 19 Repairs______0) 52 (0 52 A APPENDIX Underwear, women’s and children’s Dozen 9 10 9 10 Farm: Field crops and garden______4 Miscellaneous______0) 949 0) 949 Textile products______. i _____ (2) Sheets...... Dozen 12 103 12 103 Towels...... Dozen 23 43 23 43 Miscellaneous...... 0) 6 0) 6 ---- LOUISIANA GENERAL TABLES

STATE PENITENTIARY Total______1,980 $1,335,900 $767,106 $35,260 $533, 534 ______======Brooms, brushes, and mops 4 Brooms.. Dozen 382 1,146 382 1,146 Mops____ Each 2,140 749 2,140 749 Clothing...... 14 Aprons______Dozen 138 454 138 454 Coats, work ...... Dozen 538 5,537 538 5, 537 Hats and caps Dozen 57 35 57 35 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 286 1,031 286 1,031 Pants, work Dozen 967 9,862 967 9, 862 Shirts, work Dozen 187 1,345 187 1, 345 Shoes, new Pairs 3,022 6,044 3,022 6,044 Miscellaneous * (!) 25 (0 25 Construction: Major repairs to buildings 70 (0 35,260 (0 35, 260 Farm: Cattle Head__ 6 113 6,759 113 6,759 Farm: Dairy 5 Butter Pounds. 1,612 413 1,612 413 Milk, whole______Pounds. 414,494 19,279 414,494 19,279 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued LOUISIANA—Continued o o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued Farm: Field crops and garden______1,665 Corn, field ___- ______- Bushels. 68, 687 $41,212 68,687 $41, 212 Hay - ______Tons 1,922 23, 384 1,922 23, 384 Potatoes, white ______Bushels. 141,826 188, 516 103,086 128,857 38,740 $59,659 Potatoes, sweet______- Bushels . 36,828 46,035 36,828 46,035 Radishes - ______- .. Crates 12, 379 14,111 12, 379 14, 111 Sugarcane ______. _. Tons___ 74,154 203,939 63, 524 173, 228 10, 630 30,711 Tomatoes - . ______Bushels. 55,000 27, 500 55,000 27, 500 Miscellaneous .. . ______0) 64,767 0) 50, 592 (0 14,175 Farm: Hogs ____ Head__ 9 848 12,720 848 12, 720 6Furniture: Other than metal or w o o d _____ 6Furniture: Mattresses • ______Each .. 4, 271 15, 736 4,271 15, 736 Grain-mill products ______12 Corn meal ______Barrels 1,556 6,224 I, 556 6, 224 Feed, stock.. ______Tons___ 40 1,436 40 1,436 Grits . . ______Pounds. 104,600 1,883 104,600 1, 883 Metal products: Auto license tags______. _ Each___ 28 758,045 52,823 758,045 52, 823 ■Pliga/r ______80 Cane syrup ______Gallons. 664, 379 41,987 105, 781 13,983 558. 598 28,004 PAT . . . ____ . . . Pounds. 10Y, 850, 239 311,493 365, 825 10, 609 10,484,414 300, 884fill Textile products ______2 Pillowcases ______. Dozen 284 409 284 409 Sheets ______Dozen. 395 2,883 395 2,883 Miscellaneous ______0) 168 0) 168 1940 Wood products: Lumber ______Bd. ft... 36 1,410,499 28,210 1,410,499 28, 210 43Other manufactured products______43Other Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 271,918 27,192 271, 918 27,192 Canned fruit and vegetables.______Cases. 70,453 101, 322 9,168 15, 332 61,285 85,990 Pnrlr, dressed _ _ Pounds. 237,421 18,994 237, 421 18, 994 P ound s.Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds.Tobacco, 68, 652 15,017 68, 652 15, 017

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis MAINE

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______407 $141,865 $106,643 $7,722 $27,500 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick___ M _____ 4 100 1, 400 100 1,400 Clothing. ______62 Aprons______Dozen __ 42 82 42 82 Coats, dress______Each__ 426 1,158 426 1,158 Dresses______Each___ 488 382 488 382 Handkerchiefs______Dozen __ 43 13 43 13 Hats and caps______Dozen 23 117 23 117 Overcoats ______Each__ 95 652 95 652 Pants, dress______Each__ 547 679 547 679 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Pants! w ork______Dozen 434 5,113 434 5,113 Shirts, w ork______Dozen __ 205 784 205 784 Suits/.____ ... _ ... ______. Each__ 560 3,370 560 3,370 Underwear, men’s and boys’ .. ______Dozen 41 105 41 105 Underwear! women’s and "children’s____ Dozen _ _ 23 31 23 31 Miscellaneous ... ______0) 395 0) 298 0) 97 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 8 1 7, 722 1 7,722 Farm: Dairy______. . . ______18 Beef, dressed. ... ______Pounds. 5,780 924 5,780 924 Milk, whole______Pounds. 608,480 19,975 595,514 19,709 12,966 266 Miscellaneous______0) 890 0) 890 Farm: Field crops and garden ___ 45 Ensilage. __ . . . ______Tons... 150 750 150 750 Hay______Tons 143 1,602 54 540 89 1,062 Potatoes______Bushels. 2,793 2,794 2,793 2,794 Miscellaneous____. . . ____ .______0) 14,698 V) 14,640 0) 58 Farm: Hogs______2 Pork, dressed___ . _ ____ Pounds. II, I§I 1,253 11,131 1,253 Farm: Poultry and poultry products_____ . 5 Eggs______Dozen 22,455 5,897 21, 570 5,667 885 230 Poultry, dressed.. _. . ______Pounds _ 4,628 793 4,628 793 Furniture: Wood______58 Beds______Each... 30 405 1 20 29 385 Benches____ .__ _. ______Each___ 128 377 59 173 69 204 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each__ 83 639 83 639 Chairs. ______Each__ 657 1,242 327 581 330 661 Desks______Each___ 24 308 3 69 21 239 Repairs ______0) 300 0) 46 0) 254 Tables______Each___ 359 1,933 207 1,240 152 693 Miscellaneous .______0) 5,400 0) 2,923 0) 2,477 Furniture: Other than metal or wood____ 16 Mattresses. ______._ . . ______Each _ . 131 363 101 136 30 227 Pillows______Each___ 104 42 104 42 Repairs______0) 3, 367 0) 374 0) 2,993 See footnotes at end of table.

CD

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1910, by State, system, and institution— Continued t o MAINE—Continued O

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 40 signs. Auto license tags______Each___ 481,898 $33,733 481,898 $33,733 Highway markers______Each.. 1,181 1,564 1,181 1,564 Tags, miscellaneous______Each___ 6,325 579 6,275 575 50 $4 Metal products: Miscellaneous______3 Galvanized ware______Pieces... 955 517 955 517 Miscellaneous______0) 268 0) 165 0) 103 Printing and binding______3 Envelopes______I______Each__ 758,000 1,137 758,000 1,137 Miscellaneous___ . ______0) 391 0) 391 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 85428 317320 237 108 80 Textile products______3 Bags, cloth______Dozen _ _ 6 10 6 10 Pillowcases______Dozen __ 2 7 2 7 Sheets______Dozen 51 250 51 250 Towels ______Dozen . 13 21 13 21 ' Miscellaneous______0) 356 0) 222 0) 134 Wood products ______13 Boxes ______Each _. 24 53 24 53 M iscellaneous______0) 2,322 0) 170 0) 2,152 Other manufactured products ______42 Canned fruits and vegetables______V) 1,149 0) 1,149

Harness.______Pieces 1,422 2,017 10 20 1,412 1,997 1940 Do ______Sets... . 221 10,956 1 61 220 10,895 Repairs (harness)______0) 229 0) 5 0) 224 Miscellaneous leather goods______0) 34 0) 8 (i) 26 STATE PRISON Total _ __ . . . 351 115, 665 83, 593 $7,722 24, 350 , _ i Clothing ______51 Aprons ______Dozen 8 22 8 22 Coats, dress ______Each 415 1,140 415 1,140 Hats and caps...... Dozen... 23 117 23 117

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Overcoats______Each.. 95 652 95 652 Pants, dress.______Each- 547 679 547 679 Pants, work..______Dozen. 434 5,113 434 5,113 Shirts, work______Dozen. 205 784 205 784 § Suits______Each.. 560 3, 370 560 3,370 00 ' Miscellaneous______0) 231 0) 134 0) 97 £ Construction: Buildings______Each___ 8 1 7, 722 1 7, 722 to Farm: Dairy______7 Pounds. 379,602 15,184 379, 602 15,184 0) 94 (0 94 Farm: Field crops and garden______23 1 Miscellaneous______.... 0) 7,432 0) 7,432 Farm: Hogs______I Pork, dressed------Pounds- 7,978 798 7,978 798 ® Farm: Poultry and poultry products______3 A APPENDIX Eggs------Dozen______14, 640 3,850 14, 640 3,850 Poultry, dressed______Pounds.------1, 347 269 1, 347 269 Furniture: Wood______Beds______Each. 30 405 1 20 29 385 Benches______Each. 128 377 59 173 69 204 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 83 639 83 639 Chairs______Each. 657 1, 242 327 581 330 661 Desks______Each. 24 308 3 69 21 239 Repairs______0) 300 0) 46 0) 254 ---- Tables______Each. 359 1, 933 207 1,240 152 693 Miscellaneous______0) 6, 058 0) 1,429 (0 4,629 TABLES GENERAL Furniture: Other than metal or wood______16 Mattresses______Each. 131 363 101 136 30 227 Pillows______Each. 104 42 104 42 Repairs______0) 3, 367 0) 374 0) 2,993 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, 40 and signs. Auto license tags______Each. 481,898 33, 733 481,898 33, 733 Highway markers______Each. 1,181 1, 564 1,181 1, 564 Tags, miscellaneous______Each. 325 ' 579 6, 275 5756, 50 4 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Galvanized ware______Pieces. 955 517 955 517 Miscellaneous______0) 268 0) 165 0) 103 Printing and binding______Envelopes______Each. 758,000 1,137 758,000 1,137 Miscellaneous______0) 391 0) 391 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed 85 0) 3170) 237 0) 80 Textile products, other than clothing______(2) Bags, cloth______Dozen. 1 8 1 8 Pillowcases______Dozen. 1 1 1 1 Sheets______Dozen. 39 185 39 185 Miscellaneous______0) 36 0) 36 Wood products______(2) Boxes______Each. 24 53 24 53 See footnotes at end of table. t o

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued fcO MAINE—Continued to

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners . em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison—continued Other manufactured products______42 Canned fruits and vegetables _. ______(!) $1,149' 0 $1,149 Pieces 1,240 2,017' 10 20 1,230 $1,997 Do ______Sets. '221 10, 956 1 61 220 10,895 Repairs (harness)______0) 229 0) 5 0) 224 Miscellaneous leather goods______0) 34 0 8 0) 26 STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN Total ______38 22,174 19,158 3,016 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick___ M . .. 4 100 1, 400 100 1,400 Farm: Dairy ______11 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 5,780 924 5,780 924 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 225,702 4,643 212,736 4,377 12, 966 266 Miscellaneous______0 796 0 796 Farm: Field crops and garden______18 Ensilage ______Tons___ 150 750 150 750 Hay ______Tons___ 134 1, 512 45 450 89 1,062 Potatoes ______Bushels. 2,703 2,703 2,703 2,703 Miscellaneous ______0 4,966 (i) 4,908 0) 58 Farm: Hogs ______1 Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 2,450 392 2,450 392 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______2

Eggs ______Dozen... 7,308 1,900 6,423 1,670 885 230 1940 Poultry, dressed -______Pounds. 3,281 524 3, 281 524 Furniture: Wood ______2 Miscellaneous ______0 1,664 0 1,664 STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total ______18 4,026 3,892 134 Clothing ______11 Aprons -- ______Dozen. 34 60 34 60 Coats, dress ______Each.. 11 18 11 18 Dresses...... Each___ 488 382 488 382

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Handkerchiefs______Dozen. 43 13 43 13 Underwear, men's and boys'____ Dozen. 64 136 64 136 Miscellaneous______0) 164 0) 164 Farm: Dairy______(2) Milk, whole______Pounds. 3,176 148 3,176 148 Farm: Field crops and garden______4 Hay______Tons___ 9 90 9 90 Potatoes______Bushels. 90 91 90 91 Miscellaneous______0) 2,300 <9 2,300 Farm: Hogs______(2) Pork, dressed______Pounds. 703 63 703 63 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. (2) Eggs------Dozen. 507 147 507 147 Textile products.. 3 Bags, cloth__ Dozen. 5 2 5 2 A APPENDIX Pillowcases.... Dozen. 1 6 1 6 Sheets______Dozen. 12 65 12 65 Towels______Dozen. 13 21 13 21 Miscellaneous. C) 320 0) 186 0) 134

MARYLAND ---- ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______. 906 $1, 034, 613 $433, 612 $594, 037 $6,964 TABLES GENERAL Brooms, brushes, and mops______26 Brooms______Dozen... 48 354 48 354 Brushes______. . . ____ _ Dozen.._ 766 2,754 766 2,754 Clothing, other than knit______115 Aprons______. ______Dozen. _. 56 298 56 298 Children’s play suits______Dozen.. _ 14 97 14 97 Coats, work . ... . ______Dozen. _. 437 6,234 437 6,234 Gloves and mittens______.. Doz. pr. 1, 562 4,237 1,562 4,237 D ozen...Hats and caps______Dozen...Hats 265 924 265 924 Labor only.. ______0) 963 0) 963 Overalls. .______.. . Dozen... 575 5,940 575 5,940 Overcoats____ ...... ______Each ... 145 617 145 617 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen... 13 106 13 106 Pants, dress ______Each___ 37 196 37 196 Pants, work______Dozen... 546 6,244 546 6,244 Repairs ______0) 936 (9 936 Shirts, dress______.. __ Dozen... 53 474 53 474 Shirts, work ______Dozen... 264 1, 807 264 1,807 Shoes, new___ _ ... ______Pairs___ 12,867 28,466 12,867 28, 466 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 6,335 2,912 6,335 2,912 Suits. ______.. Each___ 997 7,886 997 7,886 Underwear, men’s and boys’______Dozen... 675 1,115 675 1,115 Miscellaneous...... C1) 728 0) 728 See footnotes at end of table. fcO CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A .— K in d , q u a n t i t y , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued MARYLAND—Continued ^

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Clothing, knit______24 Hosiery______Doz. pr_ 2,899 $2,434 2,899 $2,434 Sweaters...... Dozen 165 1,297 165 1,297 Underwear______Dozen... 326 1,654 326 1,654 Miscellaneous______0) 237 0) 237 Construction: Buildings______191 0) 381, 537 0) $381, 537 Construction: Major repairs to roads______Miles... 41 21 106,000 21 106,000 Construction: Roads...... Miles. _ _ 41 29 106,500 29 106, 500 Farm: Cattle______Head__ 1 34 3,248 34 $3, 248 Farm: Dairy.______31 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 200 20 200 20 Butter______. . . Pounds. 5, 577 1, 562 5, 577 1, 562 Cattle______Head.. 58 2,624 58 2,624 Cream______Pounds. 20, 517 3,078 20, 517 3, 078 Ice cream______Gallons. 2,740 1, 370 2,740 1, 370 Milk, whole______Pounds. 823, 039 13, 574 823, 039 13, 574 Miscellaneous______0) 2,664 0) 2,664 Farm: Field crops and garden______118 Corn, field______Bushels. 5,575 3, 345 5, 575 3, 345 Hay______Tons 343 4,080 343 4,080 Potatoes______Bushels. 17, 864 15, 782 17, 864 15, 782 Wheat.. ______Bushels. 1, 640 1, 279 1,640 1, 279 Miscellaneous______0) 16, 503 0) 16, 503 Farm: Hogs______15 1940 Hogs______Head... 95 1, 383 25 364 70 I, 019 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 105, 820 9, 050 105,820 9,050 Farm: Poultry and poultry products___ 6 Eggs______Dozen.. 15,330 3,022 15,162 2, 989 168 33 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 10,307 1,978 10,307 1,978 Poultry, live______Head ._ 608 1, 216 608 1, 216 Farm: Miscellaneous______(2) 0) 14 0) 14 Furniture: Metal______13 Beds______Each 844 5, 277 844 5, 277 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 86 3,216 86 3, 216 Miscellaneous______0). 213 0) 213

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Furniture: Wood______Beds______Each. 16 152 16 152 Benches______Each. 70 927 70 927 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 118 1,820 118 1,820 Chairs______Each. 1,281 4,469 1,281 4,469 Chairs, upholstered______Each. 30 626 30 626 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each. 7 480 7 480 Desks.______Each. 119 2,941 119 2,941 Repairs______0) 1,828 0) 1,828 Tables______Each. 386 4,813 386 4,813 Miscellaneous______0) 3, 535 0) 3, 535 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each. 1, 268 5,094 1,268 5,094 Miscellaneous______29 0) 29

0) TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Laundry, commercial______0) 7,873 0) 7, 873 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Auto license tags______Each__ 912,906 61, 580 912, 906 61. 580 Signs______Each__ 4,042 1,534 4,042 1, 534 Tags, miscellaneous______Each__ 2,811 227 2,811 227 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Beetle traps______Each___ 52,000 14,160 52,000 14,160 Repairs (to beetle traps)______0) 7,898 0) 7,898 Miscellaneous______0) 3,893 0) 3, 893 Printing and binding______Envelopes______Each...' 1,393, 263 3,741 1, 393, 263 3, 741 Letterheads______Each___ 442,603 1,370 442, 603 1, 370 Miscellaneous______0) 40, 218 0) 40, 218 Quarrying and rock crushing______Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons. 541 3, 300 541 3,300 Stone, building______Tons. 4, 917 18, 584 4,917 18, 584 Soap and Other detergents______Soap______Pounds. 447, 717 25,630 447, 717 25,630 Soap, liquid______Gallons. 747 379 747 379 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen... 5 56 5 56 Pillowcases______Dozen... 68 136 68 136 Sheets______Dozen... 68 322 68 322 Towels______Dozen... 202 121 202 121 Miscellaneous______0) 384 0) 384 Other manufactured products______Boxes, paper______Each___ 165,157 4, 227 165,157 4, 227 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases... 20,642 32, 301 20,627 32, 275 • 15 26 Deodorants and disinfectants______Gallons. 2,166 1, 224 2,166 1,224 Floor wax_____ 1______-0) 576 0) 576 Repairs, miscellaneous______0) 17 0) 17 Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 31, 510 10, 703 31, 510 10, 703 See footnotes at end of table.

to O i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued fcO MARYLAND—Continued C*

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

HOUSE OF CORRECTION Total______- 278 $295,059 $82, 559 $212,500 Clothing. ______16 Coats, work______Dozen. 127 1,290 127 1, 290 Labor only______0 963 0 963 Pants, work______... ______Dozen 346 3, 560 346 3,560 Shoes,repaired______. ... ______Pairs 2,525. 750 2,525 750 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen... 549 749 549 749 Construction: Major repairs to roads______Miles. _. 41 21 106,000 21 106,000 Construction: Roads.. . ______Miles 41 29 106,500 29 106, 500 Farm: D a iry ...______24 Beef, dressed______Pounds*. 200 20 200 20 Milk, whole______Pounds. 286,629 4,991 286.629 4,991 Miscellaneous______0 2,139 oi 2,139 Farm: Field crops and garden___. . . ______78 Potatoes ______Bushels. 5,945 5,055 5,945 5, 055 Miscellaneous______0 6,897 (4 6,897 Farm: Hogs ______.. ______3 Pork, dressed______. Pounds. 31,330 1,973 31, 330 1,973 Laundry, commercial______22 0 7,873 0) 7,873 Soap and other detergents______21 Soap ______Pounds. 447,717 25,630 447,717 25,630 ______liquidGallons. 747 379 747 379Soap, Textile products ______• _ (2) Sheets ______Dozen 4 36 4 36 1940 ______Dozen 202 121 202 121Towels Other manufactured products ______32 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases 6,358 7,630 6,358 7,630 Deodorants and disinfectants______Gallons. 2.166 1,224 2.166 1,224 Floor wax______. ______... oi 576 05 576 Tobacco, smoking and chewing...... Pounds. 31,510 10,703 31,510 10, 703 STATE PENITENTIARY Total______346 246,745 246,745 Brooms, brushes, and m ops...... 26 Brooms.. ___... ______Dozen... 48 354 48 354 Brushes______Dozen... 766 2,754 766 2.754

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Clothing, other than knit______Aprons______Dozen- 56 298 56 298 Children’s playsuits______Dozen,. 14 97 14 97 Coats, work______Dozen.. 310 4,944 310 4,944 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 1,562 4,237 1, 562 4,237 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 265 924 265 924 Overalls______Dozen- 575 5,940 575 5,940 Overcoats______Each... 145 617 145 617 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen- 13 106 13 106 Pants, dress______Each-. 37 196 37 196 Pants, work______Dozen- 200 2,684 200 2,684 Repairs______(9 936 (9 936 Shirts, dress______Dozen. 53 474 53 474 Shirts, work______Dozen. 264 1,807 264 1,807 Shoes, new______Pairs „ 12,867 28,466 12,867 28,466 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 3,810 2,162 3,810 2,162 Suits-.______Each- 997 7,886 997 7,886 Underwear, men’s and boys’______Dozen. 126 366 126 366 Miscellaneous______(9 728 (9 728 Clothing, knit______Hosiery______Doz. pr. 2,899 2,434 2,899 2,434 Sweaters______Dozen.. 165 1,297 165 1,297 Underwear______Dozen.. 326 1,654 326 1,654 Miscellaneous______(9 237 (9 237 Furniture: Metal______Beds______Each. 844 5,277 844 5,277 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 86 3,216 86 3,216 Miscellaneous______(9 213 (9 213 Furniture: Wood______Beds______Each. 16 152 16 152 Benches______Each. 70 927 70 927 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 118 1,820 118 1,820 Chairs______Each. 1,281 4,469 1,281 4,469 Chairs, upholstered______Each. 30 626 30 626 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each. 7 480 7 480 Desks______Each. 119 2,941 119 2,941 Repairs______t1) 1,828 (9 1,828 Tables______Each. 386 4,813 386 4,813 Miscellaneous______(9 3,535 (9 3, 535 Furniture: Other than metal or wood_____ Mattresses______Each. 1,268 5,094 1,268 5,094 Miscellaneous______(9 29 (9 29 Metal products: Tags, highway markers and signs. Auto license tags______Each. 912, 906 61,580 912, 906 61, 580 Signs______Each. 4,042 1,534 4,042 1, 534 Tags, miscellaneous______Each. 2,811 227 2,811 227 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Beetle traps______Each. 52,000 14,160 52,000 14,160 Repairs (to beetle traps)______(9 7, 898 <9 7,898 Miscellaneous______(9 3,893 (9 3,893 t o See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 128 128 T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , and institution— Continued MARYLAND—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state penitentiary—continued Printing and binding ... ____ _ . __... . 30 Envelopes. ______.. Each 1,393,263 $3,741 1,393,263 $3,741 Letterheads ...... - ______442,603 1,370 442,603 1,370 Miscellaneous______(9 40,218 (9 40,218 Textile - ______5 Bags, cloth..______Dozen 5 56 5 56 Pillowcases . ______.. Dozen 68 136 68 136 Sheets...... ______Dozen 64 286 64 286 Miscellaneous ____ . __... (9 384 (9 384 Other manufactured products ______1 Boxes, paper ______Each 165,157 4, 227 165,157 4,227 Repairs, miscellaneous______(9 17 (9 17 state penal farm Total ______282 492,809 104,308 $381,537 $6,964 Construction: Buildings. ______191 (9 381, 537 (9 381, 537 Farm: Cattle______Head__ 1 34 3,248 34 3, 248. Farm: Dairy...... 7 Butter ______Pounds. 5, 577 1, 562 5, 577 1, 562 Cattle______Head. _ 58 2,624 58 2,624 Cream ...... Pounds.. 20, 517 3,078 20, 517 3,078 Ice cream ______Gallons . 2, 740 1,370 2, 740 1,370 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 536,410 8, 583 536,410 8,583 1940 Miscellaneous ______(9 525 (9 525 Farm: Field crops and garden. ______40 Corn, field.. ______. Bushels . 5,575 3,345 5,575 3,345 Hay______. Tons. __ 343 4,080 343 4,080 Potatoes. ______Bushels . 11,919 10, 727 11,919 10, 727 ______Bushels.Wheat 1,640 1,279 1,640 1,279 Miscellaneous______(9 9,606 (9 9,606 Farm: Hogs. ______12 Hogs______Head. _ QC 1,383 25 364 70 1,019 Pork, dressed...... Pounds. 74,490 7,077 74,490 7,077

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Poultry and poultry products—...... 6 Eggs...... Dozen 15,330 3,022 15,162 2,989 168 33 Poultry...... (9 3,194 (9 3,194 Farm: Miscellaneous...... (2) 0) 14 (9 14 Quarrying and rock crushing______17 Lime and agricultural limestone...... _ Tons___ 541 3,300 541 3, 300 Stone, building______Tons. 4,917 18, 584 4,917 18,584 Other manufactured products.______8 Canned fruits and vegetables...... Cases... 14,284 24,671 14,269 24,645 15 26

MASSACHUSETTS

ALL INSTITUTIONS TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX T otal...... 1,801 $1,830, 223 $1,827,402 $2,821 Brooms, brushes, and mops...... 41 Brushes____1______...... Dozen 1,567 35,110 1,567 35,110 Do...... (9 751 0) 738 (9 13 Clay, cement, and stone products...... 52 Cemetery vaults...... Each___ 236 1,652 236 1,652 Concrete pipe______<9 17,897 (9 17,897 Concrete posts______Each___ 13,328 18,172 13,328 18,172 Grave markers.______Each___ 180 1,800 180 1,800 Miscellaneous______(9 4,483 0) 4,304 (9 179 Clothing, other than k n it ...... 372 Aprons______Dozen 127 1,119 127 1,119 Bathrobes______Dozen. _ 89 2,926 89 2,926 Coats, dress...... Each___ 2,376 15,372 2,376 15,372 Coats, work...... Dozen 2,022 58,592 2,022 58,592 Dresses...... Each___ 1,269 937 1,269 937 Hats and caps...... Dozen _ 1,597 716 1,597 716 Leather articles, miscellaneous...... (9 1,676 <9 1,676 Neckties______Dozen 92 275 92 275 Overalls______Dozen _ 981 15,314 981 15,314 Overcoats______Each___ 4,569 37,989 4,569 37,989 Pajamas and nightgowns...______Dozen _ 1,033 12,171 1,033 12,171 Pants, dress...... Each___ 2,240 8,695 2,240 8,695 Pants, work...... Dozen . 1,266 43,756 1,266 43,756 Shirts, work...... Dozen _ 1,425 17,104 1,425 17,104 Shoes, new...... Pairs___ 153,153 265,462 153,153 265,462 Shoes repaired...... (9 850 (9 850 Suits...... Each___ 1,610 16,861 1,610 16,8Q1 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen 758 2,338 758 2,338 Underwear, women's and children’s____ Dozen _ 139 1,058 139 1,058 Vests...... Each___ 7,464 15, 720 7,464 15, 720 Miscellaneous______(9 3,769 0) 3, 769 See footnotes at end of table.

CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued CO MASSACHUSETTS—Continued o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued 134 Gloves and mittens______9,858 $12,073 9,858 $12,073 Hosiery______Doz. pr 15,836 28,360 15,836 28,360 Underwear______73,736 287,795 73,736 287, 795 M iscellaneous______(9 7, 759 (9 7, 759 Farm: Dairy______59 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 37,045 3, 569 37,045 3, 569 Butter _ ____-______Pounds. 1,932 676 1,932 676 Cattle ______Head 63 3,460 20 3,000 43 $460 Milk, whole______Pounds. 2,211,809 96,497 2, 211,809 96,497 • Miscellaneous______(9 231 (9 231 Farm: Field crops and garden. ______284 Ensilage...... Tons 1,475 ^ 12,434 1,475 12, 434 Hay ______Tons 1,656 21,612 1,656 21, 612 Potatoes. ______Bushels . 23,059 14,622 23,059 14,622 Wheat ______. Bushels. 1,616 1,454 1,616 1,454 Miscellaneous______(9 32, 714 (9 32, 714 Farm: Hogs ______18 Pork, dressed. ______Pounds. 172,994 15, 614 172, 994 15, 614 Farm* Poultry and poultry products______32 Eggs ______Dozen 77,102 23, 572 77,102 23, 572 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds . 59, 609 12,425 59, 609 12,425 Poultry, live. . .. . _ Head. _ 7, 200 1,718 7,200 1,718 Furniture: Metal______27 1940 Beds ______Each... 586 6, 558 586 6, 558 Cabinets ______Each.. 22 498 22 498 Lockers ______Each___ 948 6, 719 948 6, 719 Shelving ______(9 624 (9 624 Tables ______Each___ 29 189 29 189 Wastebaskets______Each .. 1,267 634 1, 267 634 Furniture: Wood . ______123 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc ______Each___ 64 1,350 64 1,350 Bookcases ______Each___ 21 367 21 367 Chairs ______Each___ 6,903 14,411 6,903 14,411 Costumers...... Each___ 92 404 92 404 i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Davenports, sofas, etc...... Each. 71 1, 796 71 1,796 Desks...... Each. 372 13, 291 372 13, 291 Repairs______0) 1,578 (0 1,380 (0 198 Tables...... Each. 479 4,546 479 4, 546 Venetian blinds...... Each. 629 3, 704 629 3, 704 Miscellaneous______(0 2, 391 0) 2, 391 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses...... Each. 1,880 9, 748 1,880 9, 748 Pillows______Each. 777 1,108 777 1,108 Laundry, commercial______919,861 9 19, 861 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Auto license tags______Each. 1,965,583 165,085 1, 965, 583 165,085 Highway markers...... (0 37,639 0) 37,639 Tags, miscellaneous...... Each. 135,000 520 135,000 520 A X I D N E P P A Metal products: Miscellaneous...... Aluminum ware...... Pieces. 9,878 6,019 9,878 6, 019 (0 3, 009 0) 3,009 Castings______Pounds 1,720, 727 52, 594 1, 720, 727 52, 594 Galvanized ware...... Pieces.. 17,348 18,165 17, 348 18,165 Do______(0 969 (0 969 Tinware______Pieces. 207 158 207 158 Do______(0 109 (0 109

Miscellaneous...... (0 8,414 0) 7,987 (0 427 -- Printing and binding______

Envelopes______Each. 22,000 42 2 2 ,666 42 TABLES L A R E N E G Letterheads______Each. 641, 500 471 641, 500 471 Miscellaneous______0) 11, 374 o: 11, 374 Soap and other detergents: Soap Pounds. 283,640 725 263, 640 725 Textiles______Blanket?______Each___ 18,977 60.121 18,977 60,121 Cloths—mop, polish, etc___ Pounds. 42, 538 11, 275 42, 538 11, 275 Cotton yard goods, light___ Sq. yd_. 100,408 26,026 100,408 26,026 Gauze bandage______Pounds . 2, 350 603 2, 350 603 Wool yard goods...... — Sq. yd .. 34,423 38, 528 34, 423 38, 528 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 24,108 7,232 24,108 7,232 Yarn, wool______Pounds. 198 99 198 99 Miscellaneous...... (0 1,705 (0 1,705 Textile products______Bags, canvas laundry______Dozen 74 1,639 74 1,639 Flags______Each- 4,503 24, 404 4,421 23, 234 82 1,170 Pillowcases...... Dozen. 2,036 5, 210 2,036 5, 210 Repairs...... 0) 93 0) 93 Sheets...... Dozen. 2,346 28,154 2,346 28,154 Spreads...... Each- 12,492 10, 931 12,492 10,931 Towels...... Dozen. 4,667 13,334 4,667 13, 334 Miscellaneous...... (0 3, 274 (0 3,186 (0 88 Wood products...... (2) Wood, fuel______(0 55 (0 55 Miscellaneous______(0 30 (0 30 1 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued CO MASSACHUSETTS—Continued t o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and 1940 STATES, D E T I N U E H T IN R O B A L PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued Other manufactured products. ______17 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases__ 7,847 $15,276 7,847 $15,276 Do...... r______o 6,565 <9 6,565 Trunks, laundry (canvas). — Each 232 1,449 232 1,449 REFORMATORY FOR MEN Total...... 460 226,539 226,409 $130 Clothing . . ... 40 Cents, dress ..... _ ... Each 1,202 8,328 1,202 8,328 Cents, work Dozen 31 369 31 369 Hats and caps______Dozen 1,639 585 1,539 585 Neckties______Dozen 92 275 92 275 Overcoats______Each 517 4,468 517 4,468 Pants, work Dozen 253 8,233 253 8,233 Pants, dress______Each 390 1,560 390 1,560 Shirts, work______Dozen 143 1,720 143 1, 720 Underwear, men’sand boys’______Dozen 164 556 164 556 Vests, men’s______Each 432 864 432 864 Miscellaneous______0) 174 0) 174 Farm: Dairy______10 Cattle.______Head 27 1,875 12 1,800 15 75 Milk, whole______Pounds. 385,919 15,437 385,919 15, 437 Farm: Field crops and garden______29 Ensilage...... Tons 491 4, 246 491 4,246 Hay...... —______Tons 204 3,060 204 3,060 Potatoes______Bushels. 4,840 2,904 4,840 2.904 Miscellaneous______0) 3, 797 0) 3,797 Farm: Hogs______3 Perk, dressed _ __ Pounds. 36,793 4,047 36, 793 4,047 Furniture: Wood 116 Bookcases______Each . 21 367 21 367 Bureaus, chiffoniers, ate Each 64 1,350 64 1.350 Chairs______Each___ 6,900 14,318 6,900 14,318 Costumers.. ___ .______Each .. 92 404 92 404 Davenports, sofas, etc...... Each___ 71 1,796 71 1, 796

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Desks...... jsacn.. 372 13, 291 372 13, 291 Tables...... -...... Each.. 479 4, 546 479 4, 546 Miscellaneous...... 0) 2,391 0) 2,391 Textiles______260 Blankets______Each— 18,977 60,121 18,977 60,121 Cotton yard goods, light------Sq. yd. 61,415 15,261 61,415 15,261 Wool yard goods ------— Sq. yd_ 34,070 38,395 34,070 38,395 Yam, cotton...... Pounds. 24,108 7,232 24,108 7,232 Yam, wool...... Pounds. 198 99 198 99 Miscellaneous______0) 1,705 0 1,705 Wood products: Wood, fuel______<2) 55 0 55 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 2 8 2,710 0 2, 710 and vegetables.

REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN TABLES L A R E N E G — A X I D N E P P A Total...... 109 190,634 189,376 1, 258 Clothing, other than knit...... 20 Aprons______Dozen. 127 1,119 127 1,119 Bathrobes— ...... Dozen. 89 2,926 ►9 2,926 Coats, work______Dozen. 162 2,423 162 2.423 Dresses...... Each- 1,269 937 1,269 937 Hats and caps______Dozen. 58 131 58 131 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 1,033 12,171 1,033 12,171 Shirts, work______Dozen. 1,282 15,384 1,282 15,384 Underwear, men’sand boys’ ______Dozen. 594 1,782 594 1,782 Underwear, women’sand children’s...... Dozen. 139 1,058 139 1,058 Miscellaneous______0) 1, 813 0 1,813 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz. pr. 26 15,836 28,360 15,836 28,360 Farm: Dairy______10 Butter______Pounds _ 1,932 676 1,932 676 Milk, whole______Pounds _ 174,824 15,017 174,824 15,017 Farm: Field crops and garden______3 Miscellaneous______0) 1, 572 0 1, 572 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______li' Eggs______Dozen... 26,882 9,408 26,882 9,408 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 23, 778 5,281 23, 778 5,281 Poultry, live (baby chicks)______Head__ 7,200 1,718 7,200 1, 718 Textile products______36 Flags...... Each- 4,503 24, 404 4,421 23,234 82 1,170 Pillowcases...... Dozen. 2,036 5,210 2,036 5,210 Repairs...... 0) 93 0 93 Sheets...... Dozen. 2,346 28,154 2,346 28,154 Spreads...... Each.. 12,492 10,931 12,492 10,931 Towels______Dozen. 4,667 13,334 4,667 13,334 Miscellaneous______V) 2,877 0) 2,789 0 88 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 3 0) 3,855 0 3,855 and vegetables. See footnotes at end of table. CO CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued CO MASSACHUSETTS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PRISON Total 556 $992,169 $992,169 Clothing, other than knit______235 Coats, work______1------Dozen. 1,694 51,358 1,694 51,358 Leather articles, miscellaneous______0) 1,676 0) 1,676 Overalls______Dozen. 927 13, 376 927 13, 376 Overcoats------Each.. 2,881 24, 533 2,881 24, 533 Pants, work______Dozen. 695 28,001 695 28, 001 Shoes, new.------Pairs. . 153,153 265,462 153,153 265,462 Shoes repaired______0) 850 0) 850 Suits______— Each. 335 4, 255 335 4, 255 Vests, men's...... Each. 7,032 14,856 7,032 14,856 Miscellaneous. _ _...... 0) 572 0) 572 Clothing, knit______108 Gloves and mittens------Doz.pr. 9, 858 12,073 9, 858 12,073 Underwear. ------Dozen.. 73, 736 287, 795 73,736 287, 795 Miscellaneous______0) 7,759 0) 7,759 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, 1 0 2 and signs. Auto license tags______Each. 1,965, 583 165,085 1,965, 583 165,085 Highway markers______0) 37,639 0) 37,639 Tags, miscellaneous------Each. 135,000 520 135, 000 520 Metal products: Miscellaneous------73 Castings______Pounds. 1,720, 727 52, 594 1, 720, 727 52, 594 Printing and binding------34 1940 Envelopes------Each. 22,000 42 22,666 42 Letterheads...... Each. 641, 500 471 641,500 471 Miscellaneous______0) 11,374 0) 11, 374 Textiles------4 Cloths—mop, polish, etc______Pounds _ 42, 538 11, 275 42,538 11, 275 Gauze bandage...... — Pounds- 2,350 603 2,350 603 ...... 1......

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis STATE PRISON COLONY Total______349 247, 642 246, 416 $1, 226 41 Dozen 1, 567 35,110 1,567 35,110 Do G) 751 (>) 738 G) 13 52 236 1, 652 236 1, 652 (0 17,897 G) 17,897 Each 13,328 18,172 13, 328 18,172 Each 180 1, 800 180 1,800 0) 4,483 G) 4,304 G) 179 77 Each 1,174 7,044 1,174 7,044 Dozen 135 4, 442 135 4,442 A APPENDIX Dozen 54 1,938 54 1,938 Each 1,171 8,988 1,171 8,988 Each 1,850 7,135 1, 850 7,135 Dozen 318 7, 522 318 7,522 Suits Each 1,275 12, 606 1,275 12, 606 Miscellaneous G) 1, 210 G) 1, 210 Farm: Dairy 9 Beef, dressed Pounds. 5,495 495 5,495 495 Cattle ______G) 1,585 G) 1, 200 G) 385 ---- Milk, whole Pounds. 423, 752 16,950 423, 752 16,950 Miscellaneous ______G) 24 G) 24 TABLES GENERAL Farm: Field crops and garden 23 Ensilage Tons 619 4,903 619 4,903 Hay Tons 191 3, 371 191 3,371 Potatoes Bushels. 2,623 2,361 2,623 2,361 Miscellaneous______G) 3,513 G) 3, 513 Farm: Hogs 3 Pork, dressed Pounds. 15, 622 1,875 15,622 1,875 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 2 Eggs Dozen 2,569 822 2,569 822 874Poultry, dressedPounds. _ _ _ _ 3,494 874 3,494 874Poultry, Furniture: Metal ______27 Beds _ . _ ___ Each 586 6,558 586 6,558 Cabinets, storage Each 22 498 22 498 Lockers. _ _ Each 948 6,719 948 6,719 Shelving.. __ G) 624 G) 624 Tables...... Each___ 29 189 29 189 Wastebaskets. ______Each___ 1,267 634 1,267 634 Furniture: W ood...... 7 Chairs...... Each___ 3 93 3 93 Repairs______G) 1,578 G) 1, 380 G) 198 Venetian blinds ______Each___ 629 3, 704 629 3, 704 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 14 Mattresses.______Each___ 801 6,308 801 6, 308 Pillows...______Each___ 82 195 82 195 See footnotes at end o f table. 00 Oi

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, amZ va/ae of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, fey State, system, an

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and (STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison colony—continued

Laundry, commercial______23 0) $12,661 0) $12,661 Metal products: Miscellaneous...... _____ 64 Aluminum ware______Pieces... 9,878 6,019 9,878 6,019 Do...... 0) 3,009 (■) 3,009 Galvanized ware______Pieces... 17,348 18,165 17,348 18,165 Do...... — 0) 969 0) 969 Tinware...... Pieces—. 207 158 207 158 Do...... __ 0) 109 0) 109 Miscellaneous.. ______(l) 8,414 0) 7,987 0) $427 Textile products______4 Bags, canvas laundry______Dozen... 74 1,639 74 1,639 Miscellaneous______0) 397 397 Wood products: Miscellaneous...... (2) 0) 30 8 30 Other manufactured products: Trucks, laun­ Each___ 3 232 1,449 232 1,449 dry (canvas). STATE FARM Total...... 327 173, 239 173,032 207 Farm: Dairy______30 Beef, dressed...... Pounds. 31,550 3,074 31,550 3,074 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 1,227.314 49,093 1,227, 314 49,093 Miscellaneous______c5 207 0) 207 Farm: Field crops and garden...... 229 1940 Ensilage______Tons___ 365 3,285 365 3,285 Hay______Tons _. 1,261 15,181 1,261 15,181 Potatoes______Bushels . 15,596 9,357 15,596 9,357 ______. Bushels.Wheat 1,616 1,454 1,616 1,454 Miscellaneous______0) 23,832 0) 23,832 Farm: Hogs..______12 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 120,579 9,692 120,579 9,692 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______i§ Eggs______Dozen 47,651 13, 342 47,651 13,342 Poultry, dressed...... Pounds. 32,337 6,270 32,337 6,270

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis A P P E N D I X A --GENERAL TABLES $330,444 4, 792, 700 792, 4, 336 292, $20,140 2 20,140 20 133 133 725 913 360 878 878 450 450 276 276 879 7,200 3,440 5,099 3,002 2, 598 598 2, 1,511 2,226 2,226 2,580 4,402 4,402 8,373 8,619 5,562 535 2, 8,270Underwear __ . . . 8,124 8,270Underwear 10,765 10,765 276 15, 10, 725 725 10, 21,026 22,017 508 19, 35,848 10,977 28,785 28,785 37,947 $1, 528, 743 528, $1, : : 241 49 49 755 353 353 389 695 695 202 202 986 986 662 662 615 451 451 1,079 1,079 1,271 1,271 1,143 1,263 1,912 2,538 2,538 4,828 4,828 3,135 6,017 4,558 2,170 2,823 2,823 4,326 4,326 3, 650 3, 6,900 2,627 (0 0) (9 38,993 38,993 15,346 15,346 . 7,847 . 26,400 26,400 263,640 425,000 425,000 20 133 133 725 360 913 913 878 878 450 450 276 MICHIGAN 879 7,200 7,200 3,440 3,440 3,002 3,002 1,511 5,099 4,402 4,402 2,580 373 8, 619 8, 2, 598 598 2, 2,226 2,226 5,562 535 2, 8,124 8,124 270 8, 15, 276 15, 10,765 10,765 22,017 22,017 21,026 508 19, 725 10, 35,848 35,848 10,977 28,785 28,785 37,947 37,947 20,140 20,140 292,577 $1,879, 327 $1,879, 2 49 49 755 353 202 202 389 695 695 662 662 986 451 451 615 1,263 1,263 1,912 1,271 1,271 7,847 1,143 1,143 1,079 1,079 4,828 4,828 3,135 2,538 2,823 2,823 4,558 2,170 6,017 4,326 4,326 2,627 6,900 0) (>) 0) 15, 346 346 15, 38,993 26,400 26,400 425,000 425,000 263,640 4, 796,350 4, 2 5 9 3 11 12 11 12 14 335 111 2,294 ______Pounds. Pounds. Cases... Each Each Sq. yd_. Doz.pr._ Each _. Pounds. Sq. yd._ Each Pairs Each _ Each _ _ Each.. . Each___ Each Pairs Each___ Dozen _ Doz. pr. Dozen. Dozen. Dozen. _. Dozen. __ Dozen. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen Dozen.. Dozen. Dozen. __ Dozen. Dozen ______... ______

______

______

______

______... . ______. . _. _ . _

_

______

___ ...... ______1______...

______ALL INSTITUTIONS ALL ______...... ______Louis ______St. Cotton yard goods, light______yardCotton goods, Mattresses Pillows Woolyard goods______Brushes______Gloves and mittens and mittens Gloves Coats, work Coats, Dresses Concrete blocks Concrete Brooms Overcoats Overcoats Miscellaneous. Overalls Overalls _ . _ Aprons Aprons .. of Pants, work Pants, new. Shoes, Labor onlyLabor Hats and caps caps and Hats Handkerchiefs dress __ Pants, _ men’sand boys’ Underwear, _ Pajamas and nightgowns Pajamas work Shirts, Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Shoes repaired. repaired. Shoes Uniforms Uniforms _ Shirts, dress Shirts, Suits Underwear, women’sand children’s Underwear, .._ Dozen. Hosiery Hosiery See footnotes at end of table. and vegetables. and Furniture: Other than metal or wood metal than Other Furniture: Other manufactured products: Canned fruits products:fruits Canned manufactured Other Soap and other detergents: Soap detergents: other and Soap Laundry, commercial Laundry, Brooms, brushes, mops and brushes, Brooms, Textiles Clay, cement, and stone products and stone Clay, cement, Total.. Clothing, other than knit than other Clothing, Cordage: Cordage: twine...... Binder Clothing, knit Clothing, . Construction: Buildings

408102°-—42-----10 Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e A.—K in d , quantity, va/we o/ articles produced in State prison s, 1940, by State, system , and institution- -Continued CO MICHIGAN—Continued o o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Farm: Cattle------(2) Beef, dressed______Pounds. 353 $43 353 $43 Farm: Dairy______137 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 54,497 6, 294 54,497 6,294 Butter______Pounds. 6,955 1,739 6,955 1,739 Cattle------Head... 189 13,178 148 10, 728 41 $2,450 Cream______Pounds. 27,043 5, 556 ,27,043 5, 556 Milk, skimmed------Pounds. 319,428 3,194 319,428 3,194 Milk, whole______Pounds. 4,612, 322 101, 923 4,612,322 101, 923 Miscellaneous------0) 1,690 0) 1, 690 Farm: Field crops and garden______627 Barley______Bushels. 2,806 1,464 2,806 1,464 Clover seed______Bushels. 150 1,500 150 1, 500 Corn, field______Bushels. 36, 625 12, 704 36,625 12, 704 Ensilage______Tons___ 3,146 12,274 3,146 12, 274 Fodder______Tons___ 34 102 34 102 Hay______Tons___ 2,719 17,623 2,719 17,623 Oats______Bushels. 11, 702 3,129 11, 702 3,129 Potatoes------Bushels 57,120 38,428 57,120 38,428 Straw------Tons... 490 1, 770 490 1,770 Sugar beets______Tons... 806 7,657 806 7, 657 Wheat______Bushels 5,871 3, 994 5,871 3, 994 Miscellaneous______(0 50, 583 0) 50,583 Farm: Hogs______

Hogs______H ead... 1, 318 11,363 1,318 11,363 1940 Pork, dressed------Pounds. 384, 220 32,946 384,220 32, 946 Miscellaneous------0) 91 0) 91 Farm: Poultry and poultry products.. 24 Eggs------Dozen.. 49,594 9,635 49,594 9,635 Poultry, dressed------Pounds. 15,116 2,558 15,116 2,558 Poultry, live------Head.... 5, 297 3,705 5,238 3,654 59 51 Farm: Miscellaneous------0) 3,500 0) 3, 500 Furniture: Metal------Beds------Each.. 1,823 18,067 1,823 18,067 Cabinets______Each.. 500 12,500 500 12,500 Waste baskets------Each.. 158 134 158 134 Furniture: Wood______180

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Benches______Each.. 1 55 1 55 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each- 40 756 40 756 Chairs______Each.. 31,309 65,915 7,617 42, 223 23,692 23,692 Davenports, sofas, etc------Each- 181 5, 310 181 5,310 Desks______Each.. 387 12,075 387 12,075 Repairs______(9 4,650 (9 4,650 Tables______Each.. 4,259 27,476 1.229 17,174 3,030 10, 302 Miscellaneous______(9 6,758 05 6,758 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______18 Mattresses______Each_... 2,896 17,503 2,896 17,503 Miscellaneous______0) 398 (9 398 Laundry, commercial______Pounds 31 172,900 6,912 172,900 6,912 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 134 signs. Auto license tags______Each.. 4,610,316 241,282 4,610,316 241,282 A APPENDIX Highway markers______Each- 40,172 82,237 40,172 82,237 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Aluminum ware______Pieces. . 11,741 3,234 11,741 3, 234 Animal cages______Each... 464 3,474 464 3,474 Printing and binding______Envelopes______Each.. 2,627,827 2,307 2,627,827 2,307 Letterheads______Each.. 346, 551 691 346,551 691 Miscellaneous______(9 17; 180 (9 17,180 Soap and other detergents______24 ---- Soap______Pounds 743,149 42,035 743,149 42,035 Soap, liquid______Gallons. 300 10 300 10 TABLES GENERAL Textiles______~307’ Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd... 783, 503 124,072 783, 503 124,072 Duck and canvas______Sq. yd._. 19, 317 6,281 19, 317 6,281 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd... 116, 235 62, 971 116,235 62,971 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 377, 977 77, 595 377,977 77, 595 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen _ 4,328 2,681 4, 328 2,681 Flags______Each... 50 100 50 100 Do______(9 1,176 (9 1,176 Mattress covers______E a c h - 1,056 1,439 1,056 1,439 Mopheads______Dozen. 57 153 57 153 Pillowcases______Dozen. 154 411 154 411 Sheets______Dozen. 1,226 11,202 1,226 11,202 Towels______Dozen. 4,343 7,934 4,343 7,934 Miscellaneous______(9 3,071 (9 2,571 (9 500 Wood products______Crutches______Each.. 2, 325 1,163 100 50 2,225 1,113 Miscellaneous______(9 2,335 (9 2,335 Other manufactured products______Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases. 36,477 68,212 36,477 68,212 Do______(9 3,134 (9 3,134 Insecticides, deodorants, and related (9 122 (9 122 chemical compounds. Snow fence______(9 3, 376 (9 3, 376 Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 66.648 16.983 66.648 16. 983 o o See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution — Continued MICHIGAN—Continued O

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE REFORMATORY , Total______401 $290,915 $270,400 $20,140 $375 Clothing______137 Aprons______Dozen. __ 72 407 72 407 Coats, work______Dozen. __ 679 9,344 679 9,344 Dresses______Each___ 3,696 2.153 3,696 2.153 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 2,965 4.154 2,965 4.154 ______Dozen...Handkerchiefs 1,106 887 1,106 887 Hats and caps______Dozen .. 25 38 25 38 Labor only______0) 450 0 ) 450 Overalls.______Dozen __ 1,145 7,077 1,145 7,077 Overcoats______Each___ 400 2,500 400 2,500 Pajamas and n ig h tg ow n s._ ...J._____ Dozen.. _ 1,840 8,192 1,840 8,192 Pants, work______Dozen. _. 1,312 16,820 1,312 16,820 Shirts, dress______Dozen. __ 662 5,562 662 5, 562 Shirts, work______Dozen... 2,449 18,802 2,449 18,802 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 3,900 1,950 3,900 1,950 Suits______...... ______Each.... 900 5,400 900 5,400 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen.._ 49 276 49 276 Underwear, women’s and children’s...... Dozen... 309 1,092 309 1,092 Miscellaneous______0) 610 0) 610 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 12 2 20,140 2 20,140 Farm: Dairy______31 Cattle...... Head__ 59 2, 528 44 2,153 15 375

Milk, whole.______Pounds. 704,653 15,049 704,653 15,049 1940 Miscellaneous______(0 737 0) 737 Farm: Field crops and garden______55 Ensilage______Tons___ 450 1,350 450 1,350 Fodder.______Tons___ 34 102 34 102 Hay______Tons___ 168 958 168 958 Oats______Bushels. 4,565 1,110 4, 565 1,110 Potatoes______Bushels . 16,441 8,218 16,441 8,218 Straw _ ...... Tons.. _ 190 570 190 570 Miscellaneous______0 ) 3,308 0) 3,308 Farm: Hogs______2 Hogs . ______Head _ 179 788 179 788 Pork, dressed______.. Pounds. 35,308 2,823 35,308 2,823

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Poultry and poultry products______1 Eggs------Dozen... 12,997 2,080 12,997 2,080 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 5' 331 990 5,331 990 Poultry, live______Head__ M86 1,027 1,586 1,027 Furniture: Wood______122 Benches______Each___ 1 55 1 55 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each___ 40 756 40 756 Chairs. _.------Each___ 7,617 42,223 7,617 42, 223 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each___ ' 181 5,310 181 5,310 Desks______Each___ 387 12,075 387 12,075 Bepairs______0) 3,187 0) 3,187 Tables______Each___ 1,229 17,174 1,229 17,174 Miscellaneous______0) 6, 758 (l) 6, 758 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______1 Mattresses______Each___ 576 864 576 864 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Miscellaneous______0) 398 0) 398 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______5 C1) 800 0) 800 Soap and other detergents______24 Soap______Pounds. 743,149 42,035 743,149 42,035 Soap, liquid______Gallons. '300 10 300 10 Textile products______8

Bags, cloth______Dozen.. 00 2,567 4,178 2,567 Mopheads______Dozen... 15 126 15 126 Pillowcases______Dozen 12 33 12 33 Sheets______Dozen 426 3,871 426 3,871 Towels______Dozen 1,346 2,078 1,346 2,078 Miscellaneous______0) 646 0) 646 Wood products: Miscellaneous______3 p) 2,335 (!) 2,335 Other manufactured products: Insecticides, (2) 0) 122 (0 122 deodorants, and related chemical com­ pounds.

STATE PRISON OF SOUTHERN MICHIGAN Total______1, 385 1, 365, 876 1,073, 540 292, 336 Brooms, brushes, and mops______11 Brooms______Dozen 389 2,598 389 2,598 Brushes______Dozen 755 5,099 755 5,099 Clothing, other than knit...... 136 Aprons______Dozen . 78 337 78 337 Coats, work______Dozen .. 569 11,484 569 11,484 Gloves and mittens______Doz.pr. 22 93 22 93 Handkerchiefs______Dozen _ 1, 717 1, 339 1, 717 1, 339 Hats and caps______Dozen. _ 890 2,235 890 2,235 Overalls______Dozen. 101 1,076 101 1,076 Overcoats______Each___ 4,158 19, 517 4,158 19,517 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen... 35 271 35 271 Pants, dress...... Each 451 1, 511 451 1, 511 Pants, work______Dozen. 757 11,193 757 11,193 Shirts, work______Dozen... 26 245 26 245 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 142 142 T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued MICHIGAN—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATE©, UNITED THE IN LABORPRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PRISON OF SOUTHERN MICHIGAN— COn. Clothing, other than knit—Continued. Shoes, new______Pairs 7,632 $18,194 7,632 $18,194 Shoes repaired...... Pairs___ 21,300 8,175 21,300 8,175 Suits______Each. 3,426 32, 547 3,426 32,547 Uniforms______Each___ 615 10,977 615 10,977 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen... 660 1,387 660 1, 387 Miscellaneous..______0) 269 0) 269 Clothing, knit ...... 12 Hosiery.______. Doz. pr. 6, 578 7,799 6, 578 7, 799 Underwear.. ______Dozen... 2, 627 8,270 2,627 8, 270 Cordage: Binder twine______. Pounds. 111 4,796, 350 292, 577 3, 650 241 4,792,700 $292, 336 Farm: Hairy______55 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 25,000 2,750 25,000 2, 750 Cattle______Head__ 25 2,500 25 2,500 Milk, whole______Pounds. 2,670,416 56, 613 2, m 0 , 416 66, 613 Farm: Field crops and garden...... 365 Barley______Bushels. 1,506 723 1,506 723 Cloverseed______Bushels. 150 1, 500 150 1, 500 Corn, field...... Bushels. 30,051 9, 212 30,051 9, 212 Ensilage______Tons___ 2,100 8,000 2,100 8,000 Hay______Tons___ 2,049 12,838 2,049 12,838 Oats______. Bushels. 2,746 877 2,746 877 Potatoes...... Bushels. 34,866 27,400 34,866 27,400 Straw______Tons___ 300 1, 200 300 1, 200 1940 Sugar beets______Tons___ 806 7, 657 . 806 7,657 Wheat ______Bushels. 5,019 3, 312 5,019 3, 312 Miscellaneous______0) 29, 200 0) 29, 200 Farm: Hogs______11 Hogs.. ______Head__ 668 6, 680 66$ 6, 680 ______dressed .. Pounds. 216, 757 17, 341 216,757 17, 341Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products_____ 19 Eggs. ______Dozen. _. 23, 317 5,130 23, 317 5,130 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 4,138 713 4,138 713 Poultry, live ______Head__ 2,656 1,885 2,656 1,885 Farm: Miscellaneous...... 35 0) 3,500 0 ) 3, 500

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Furniture: Metal______53 Beds _ . ___ Each _. 1,823 18,067 1,823 18,067 Cabinets______... Each___ 500 12, 500 500 12, 500 Wastebaskets______Each___ 158 134 158 134 Furniture: Other than metal or wood _ 17 Mattresses. Each . 2,320 16, 639 2,320 16, 639 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 134 signs. Auto license tags ______Each___ 4,610,316 241, 282 4,610, 316 241, 282 Highway markers ______Each___ 40,172 82, 237 40,172 82, 237 Metal products: Miscellaneous.._...... 12 Aluminum ware...... Pieces „ 11,741 3,234 11,741 3,234 ...... cagesEach . ... 464 3,474 464 3,474Animal Printing and binding______41 Envelopes______Each__ 2,627,827 2,307 2,627,827 2,307 Letterheads...... Each. 346,551 691 346, 551 691 > Miscellaneous. ______<9 11,171 (9 11,171 ►d Textiles______. 307 Cotton yard goods, light ______783, 503 124,072 783, 503 124,072 ► 3 Duck aDd canvas. _. ______. Sq. yd 19, 317 6,281 19, 317 6, 281 O Wool yard goods _. ______Sq. yd 116, 235 62, 971 116, 235 62, 971 Yarn, cotton _ . ______Pounds. 377, 977 77, 595 377, 977 77, 595 Textile products______... 33 Flags . ______(9 1,176 (9 1,176 Mattress covers ______. . . _____ Each .. 1,056 1, 439 1,056 1,439 Pillowcases ______Dozen 90 250 90 250 Sheets ____ ... ______Dozen 714 6,798 714 6,798 o Towels ______. . . ______Dozen... — 2,652 5, 413 2,652 5, 413 w Miscellaneous ______(9 1, 263 (9 1, 263 5zJ Other manufactured products______._ 33 H Canned fruits and vegetables____ ...... Cases 24, 216 47, 524 24, 216 47, 524 W > Do______. (9 3,134 (9 3,134 tr* STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION AND BRANCH H PRISON > Total______137 63,928 63,928 W tr< Clay, cement, and stone products . _____ 5 H Concrete blocks______Each __ 6,017 360 6,017 360 c/2 Miscellaneous.______(9 20 (9 20 Clothing: Shoes, new______Pairs___ 42 7,714 17,654 7,714 17, 654 Farm: Cattle. ______(2) Beef, dressed______Pounds. 353 43 353 43 Farm: Dairy ______14 Milk, whole______Pounds. 525,623 11,827 525,623 11,827 Miscellaneous______(9 230 (9 230 Farm: Field crops and garden __ __ 36 Miscellaneous______(9 8,736 (9 8, 736 Farm: Hogs. ______2 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 37,812 3.805 37.812 3.805 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued I—L MICHIGAN—Continued It

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABORPRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION AND BRANCH prison—continued

Farm: Poultry and poultry products______2 FggS Dozen 3,764 $680 3,764 $680 Poultry, dressed Pounds. 1,322 214 1,322 214 Other mftrmfaetnred products 36 Snow fence ______'_____ 0) 3,376 0) 3,376 Tnhn.ccn, smolrinj and chewing Pounds. 64,648 16,983 64,648 16,983 DETROIT HOUSE OF CORRECTION Total...... 318 120,387 84,700 $35,687

Clothing, other than knit______20 Aprons Dozen 62 134 52 134 Coats, worlr Dozen. 23 198 23 198 Dresses Each___ 1,132 849 1,132 849 Gloves and mittens.. ______Doz. pr. 148 155 148 155 Hats and ceps ...... Dozen. _ 228 307 228 307 Overalls Dozen. 17 220 17 220 Pajamas pod nightgowns _ Dozen. _ 37 156 37 156 Pants, work Dozen. _ 101 772 101 772 Shirts, work ... _ _ ...... _ _ Dozen. _ 63 461 63 461 Shoes repaired Pairs 1,200 600 1,200 600 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen _ 17 56 17 56 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz. pr. 2 322 325 322 325 1940 Farmr Dairy 21 Reef, dressed . ... Pounds. 27,941 3,353 27,941 3,353 Butter______Pounds. 6,955 1,739 6,955 1,739 Cattle Head 45 3,705 40 3,625 5 80 Cream _ Pounds. 28,694 4,304 28,694 4,304 Milk, skimmed ______- Pounds _ 319,428 3,194 319,428 3,194 Milk, w hole______Pounds. 172,995 5,190 172,995 5,190 M iscellaneons 0) 241 0) 241 Farm: Field crops and garden 137 Barley ______Bushels. 1,300 741 1,300 741 Corn, field______Bushels. 5,000 2,500 5,000 2,500

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 346 , 2,174 346 2,174 310 1 2,480 310 2,480 3,760940 3, 760 940 3,395 1,688 3,395 1,688 Wheat Bushels. 852 682 852 682 0) 5,620 (0 5,620 Farm: Hogs 8 Hngs 218 1,365 218 1,365 Pounds. 38,288 4 211 38,288 4,211 M i see] 1 fin eon s 0) 91 0) 91 Furniture: Wood 58 Chairs __ 23,692 23,>592 23, 692 23,692 "Repairs 0) 1,463 0) 1,463 Tables Each 3,030 10,302 3,030 10,302 Pounds _ 31172,900 6,912 172,900 6,912 A APPENDIX 5 0) 5,209 0) 5,209 21 150 114 150 114 Flags 50 100 50 100 Mopheads 42 27 42 27 Pillowcases Dozen 52 128 52 128 Sheets Dozen 86 533 86 533 Towels Dozen 345 443 345 443 M iseella,neons (0 1,162 0) 662 0) 500 ---- Wood products: Crutches Each___ 2 2,325 1,163100 50 2, 225 1,113 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases.. _ 13 12,261 20,688 12,261 20,688 GENERAL TABLES and vegetables. IONIA STATE HOSPITAL 2,046 Total _ __ _ 53 38, 221 36,175 ______Farm: Dairv 16 Beef, dressed Pounds. i, 556 191 1, 556 i9i Cattle _ __ Head 60 4,445 39 2,450 21 1, 995 Cream______Pounds. 8, 349 1,252 8, 349 1,252 Milk, whole Pounds. 538,635 13,244 538,635 13,244 Miscellaneous 0) 482 (0 482 Farm: Field crops and garden __ _ __ 34 Corn, field. Bushels . 1, 574 992 1, 574 992 Ensilage______Tons 250 , 750 250 750 Hay Tons 192 1,347 192 1,347 Oats _ . Bushels . 631 202 631 202 Potatoes ___ Bushels. 2,418 1,122 2,418 1,122 Miscellaneous ______0) 3, 719 (0 3, 719 Farm: Hogs ______1 Hogs Head 253 2, 530 253 2, 530 Pork, dressed Pounds. 56,0554,766 56,055 4, 766 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 2 Eggs - - __- - Dozen. __ 9, 516 1,745 9,516 1,745 Poultry, dressed Pounds _ 4,325 641 4,325 641 Poultry, live______Head__ 1,055 793 996 742 59 5l See footnotes at end of table. Crc

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued MINNESOTA

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num-

ber of Public works and iS-TATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ [Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

AIL INSTITUTIONS Total 1,362 $3,299,415 $216.671 $17,339 $3,065,495 Agricultural implements and parts______246 Implements______Each. 9,945 587,459 35 2,908 9,910 584, 551 Parts______0) 164,145 0) 1,706 c5 162,439 Clay, cement, and stone products: Miscella­ 2 (0 262 C1) 71 (9 191 neous. Clothing, other than knit...... 122 Aprons______Dozen.. 79 258 79 258 Coats, dress.______Each... 1,029 3,631 1,029 3,631 Coats, w ork...______Dozen.. 194 2,433 194 2,433 Dresses______Each... 112 213 112 213 Gloves and mittens______Doz.pr. 73 71 73 71 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 95 186 95 186 Labor only______(9 654 0) 654 Overalls______Dozen. 296 3,083 296 3,083 Overcoats______Each._ 671 5,485 671 5,485 Pajamas and nightgowns------Dozen. 96 1,016 96 1,016 Pants, dress.------Each.. 2,802 6,915 2,802 6,915 Pants, w ork...------Dozen. 476 5,603 476 5,603 Shirts, work______Dozen. 375 3,706 375 3,706 Shoes, new______Pairs.. 2,178 3,139 2,178 3,139 s Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 9,015 5,164 9,015 5,164 Suits______Each.. 1,109 10,999 1,109 10,999 Underwear, men’s and boys’...... Dozen. 192 1,163 192 1,163 1940 Miscellaneous______0) 294 0) 294 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz.pr. 2 427 772 427 772 Construction: Buildings------E a c h - 49 3 17,339 3 17,339 Cordage______—------623 Binder twine______— Pounds . 23,020,050 1,945,092 23,020,050 1,945,092 Hope______Pounds. 2,631,031 367,456 2, 631,031 367,456 Farm: Cattle______15 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 18,155 2,162 18,155 2,162 Cattle______Head— 79 3,598 23 904 56 2,694 Miscellaneous______0) 383 0) 82 0) 301 Farm: Dairy------30 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 235 26 235 26

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 35,588 9,357 35, 588 9,357 Buttermilk _ 10,255 77 10, 255 77 Cream ______Pounds 14,966 2, 245 14,966 2,245 Milk, skimmed ______Pounds 48l!480 3,611 481,480 3,611 Milk| whole ______Pounds - 997, 263 14,953 997, 263 14,953 Farm: Field crops and garden ______. 101 Barley _ - ______Bushels 2,469 1, 205 2,469 1,205 Com," field______Bushels IS, 700 10, 216 18, 700 10, 216 '745 2,555 745 2, 555 Fodder______Tons. ._ 106 424 106 424 710 5, 585 710 5,585 Bushels 13,867 5, 591 13,867 5, 591 Potatoes _ . _ _ Bushels 9,357 4,602 9,357 4,602 Bushels 1,790 1,263 1,790 1,263 Straw ______Tons 85 157 85 157 TABLES GENERAL A— IX D N E PP A Wheat ______Bushels 498 471 498 471 Miscellaneous______0) 12,052 0) 12,052 Farm: Hogs______12 Hogs. - ______Head 182 653 181 634 1 19 Pork, dressed Pounds 234,646 20,330 234,646 20,330 Miscellaneous (0 37 0 ) 37 Farm: Poultry and poultry products._____ 9 Eggs ______Dozen 21,113 3,529 21,113 3, 529 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 18,249 3,153 18,249 3,153 Poultry, live______Head__ 311 156 311 156 Farm: Miscellaneous ______„ 1 0) 96 0) 96 Furniture: Wood______20 Benches ______Each 12 72 12 72 Chairs „ _ _ Each 120 378 106 353 14 25 Repairs ______0) 2,072 0 ) 302 0) 1,770 Tables ______Each ... 28 215 17 111 11 104 Venetian blinds ______Each__ 133 747 118 625 15 122 Miscellaneous ______0) 1,276 0 ) 844 0) 432 Printing and binding . ______44 Bookbinding and blank books______Each 63 29 63 29 Envelopes ______Each 122,250 146 122,250 146 Letterheads ______Each 95,250 206 95,250 206 Miscellaneous ______0) 20,613 0 ) 20,613 Quarrying arid rock crushing 34 Gravel ______Tons 38 24 38 24 Stone, building ______. Tons 221 4,203 221 4,203 Miscellaneous ______C1) 23 0 ) 23 Textile products ______15 Bags, cloth ______Dozen 19 38 19 38 Mopheads ______Dozen _ 45 338 45 338 Napkins ______Dozen 20 50 20 50 Pillowcases ______Dozen. _ 293 523 293 523 Sheets ______Dozen . 413 2,553 413 2, 553 Spreads______Each___ 48 52 48 52 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , arw? institution — Continued

MINNESOTA— Continued o o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN PRISiON LABOR Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued T extile^pr oducts—C ontinued. Tablecloths ______Each 64 $206 64 $206 Towels______1,590 2,588 1,590 2,588 Miscellaneous _ _ __ 0) 598 0) 598 Wood products: Mill work _ __ 13 0) 2,930 0) 2,872 0) $58 Other manufactured products 22 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 3, 700 7,222 3,700 7,222 Do 0) 5, 521 0) 5,521 Leather products, miscellaneous Pieces 494 685 494 685 Tobacco, smoking and chewing Pound 2, 551 223 2, 551 223 Miscellaneous 0) 548 0) 493 0) 55 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs 2 0) 311 0) 311 (to employees’ cars). STATE PRISON Total ____ . . 994 3,145,280 83, 262 3,062,018 Agricultural implements and parts ____ 246 Im plem en ts...... Each 9,945 587,459 35 2,908 9,910 584, 551 Parts ______- ______0) 164,145 0) 1,706 0) 162,439 Clothing ______20 A prons Dozen 39 52 39 52 Coats, dress ______Each 448 1,037 448 1,037 Coats, work _ _ _ ...... Dozen. 85 698 85 698 1940 Gloves and mittens _ _ _ _ Doz. pr 73 71 73 71 Hats and caps _ __ _ Dozen 33 39 33 39 Overalls Dozen 140 892 140 892 Pants, dress Each 856 1,693 856 1,693 Pants, work Dozen 117 961 117 961 Shirts, work Dozen 116 818 116 818 Shoes, new Pairs 731 1,133 731 1,133 Shoes repaired Pairs . 5,100 1,275 5,100 1,275 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen.. 89 448 89 448 Miscellaneous...... (9 18 0) 18

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Cordage______623 Binder twine______Pounds. 23,020,050 1,945,092 23,020,050 1,945,092 Rope______Pounds. 2,631,031 367,456 2, 631,031 367,456 Farm: Cattle______” "16" Beef, dressed______Pounds. 6,100 752 6,100 752 Cattle______Head— 42 2,160 42 2,160 Miscellaneous______C1) 383 0) 82 0) 301 Farm: Dairy______18 Butter______Pounds. 19,803 5,727 19, 803 5,727 Buttermilk______Pounds. 10,255 77 10,255 77 Cream______Pounds. 14,966 2,245 14,966 2,245 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 481,480 3,611 481,480 3, 611 Milk, whole______Pounds. 104, 517 1, 568 104, 517 1, 568 Farm: Field crops and garden______Barley______Bushels. 2,469 1,205 2,469 1,205 A APPENDIX Corn, field______Bushels. 6,200 3, 526 6, 200 3, 526 Ensilage______Tons__ 425 1,275 425 1,275 Hay______Tons__ 135 945 135 945 Oats______Bushels 11,527 4,795 11, 527 4, 795 Rye______Bushels. 340 248 340 248 Straw______Tons__ 85 157 85 157 Wheat______Bushels. 374 382 374 382 Miscellaneous______0) 5,307 0) 5, 307

Harm: Hogs______---- Hogs------Head—. 1 19 1 19 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 113,948 9,444 113,948 9,444 TABLES GENERAL Miscellaneous______0) 37 (0 37 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Eggs------Dozen... 5,892 1,154 5,892 1,154 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 5,602 962 5,602 962 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous.. 0) 18, 563 0) 18, 563 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen.. 7 6 7 6 Pillowcases______Dozen- 168 208 168 208 Sheets______Dozen.. 275 1,243 275 1,243 Towels______Dozen- 998 1,306 998 1,306 Miscellaneous______0) 266 0) 266 Other manufactured products______Canned fruits and vegetables____ 0) 4,199 0) 4,199 Tobacco, smoking and chewing... Pounds. 2,551 223 2, 551 223

STATE REFORMATORY 144, 959 124, 233 $17,339 Total______3,387 ______Clay, cement, and stone products. . Miscellaneous______0) 262 0) 71 0) 191 Clothing, other than knit______88 Aprons______Dozen. 40 206 40 206 Coats, dress______E a ch - 507 2,257 507 2, 257 Coats, work______Dozen. 108 1,709 108 1,709 Hats and caps______Dozen. 62 147 62 147 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued O i MINNESOTA— Continued o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and UNITED^ STATES, THE IN PRISiON LABOR Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state reformatory—continued Clothing, other than knit—Continued. Overalls______Dozen 156 $2,191 156 $2,191 Overcoats-. ______Each 671 5,485 671 5,485 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 96 1,016 96 1,016 Pants, dress___~__r______Each 1,946 5,222 1,946 5, 222 Pants, work______Dozen 359 4,642 359 4,642 Repairs.__ . ______Dozen.. — 0) 534 0) 534 Shirts, work ______Dozen 215 2,601 215 2,601 Shoes,new._ . ____ ... .. _ Pairs 1,447 2,006 1,447 2, 006 Shoes repaired. ______Pairs . 3,915 3,889 3,915 3,889 Suits______...... ______Each 1,106 10,969 1,106 10,969 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______. Dozen _ 38 304 38 304 Miscellaneous______0) 220 0) 220 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz.pr.. 2 427 772 427 772 Construction: Buildings______Each__ 49 3 17,339 3 $17,339 Farm: Cattle______5 Beef, dressed______. Pounds. 12,055 1,410 12,055 1,410 Cattle______Head 37 1,438 23 904 14 $534 Farm: Dairy______10 Butter______Pounds. 15,785 3,630 15, 785 3, 630 Milk,whole ...... ______Pounds. 762,841 11,443 762,841 11,443 Farm: Field crops and garden .. . 66 Corn, field______Bushels . 11,000 5,940 11,000 5, 940 Ensilage ______. Tons 320 1,280 320 1,280 1940 Hay. ______Tons 540 4,220 540 4, 220 O a ts ..______Bushels. 2,340 796 2,340 796 Potatoes ______Bushels. 9,357 4,602 9,357 4,602 Rye______Bushels. 1,450 1,015 1,450 1,015 Miscellaneous______0) 5,168 0) 5,168 Farm: Hogs ______6 H o g s..______Head 181 634 181 634 ______dressedPounds. 115,850 10,225 115,850 10, 225Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products. ____ 4 Eggs______Dozen 13, 519 2,027 13, 519 2, 027 Poultry______1 0) 2,265 0) 2, 265

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Miscellaneous. ______1 0) 96 0) 96 Furniture: Wood______. 20 Benches 12 72 12 72 Chairs______Each__ 120 378 106 353 14 25 Repairs______0) 2,072 0) 302 0) 1, 770 Tables______Each... 28 215 17 111 11 104 Venetian blinds______Each__ 133 747 118 625 15 122 Miscellaneous . ______0) 1,276 0) 844 (0 432 Printing and binding ______20 Each 63 29 63 29 Each 122,250 146 122,250 146 Letterheads Each 95,250 206 95, 250 206 Miscellaneous ______0) 2,050 0) 2,050 Quarrying and rock crushing ______34 Gravel ______. . . Tons 38 24 38 24 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Stone, building __ __ _ Tons 221 4,203 221 4,203 Miscellaneous 0) 23 0) 23 6 Bags, cloth Dozen 2 17 2 17 Mopheads _ _ 45 338 45 338 Napkin^ Dozen 20 50 20 50 Pillowcases Dozen 125 315 125 315 Sheets. ______Dozen 138 1,310 138 1,310 Spreads Each 48 52 48 52 Tablecloths . ___ Each 64 206 64 206 Towels______Dozen 592 1,282 592 1,282 Miscellaneous 0) 292 0) 292 Wood products: Mill work 13 0) 2, 930 0) 2,872 0) 58 Other manufactured products 14 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 3,700 7, 222 3, 700 7,222 Leather products, miscellaneous Pieces 494 685 494 685 Miscellaneous _ _ _ 0) 548 0) 493 0) 55 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs. 2 0) 311 0) 311 (to employees’ cars).

STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN 9,176 Total 26 9,176 ______Clothing 14 Coats, dress Each 74 337 74 337 Coats, work Dozen 1 26 1 26 Dresses Each 112 213 112 213 Labor only ______0) 120 0) 120 Shirts, work Dozen 44 287 44 287 Suits ______Each 3 30 3 30 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen 65 411 65 411 M iscel 1 an eou s 0) 56 0) 56 Farm: Dairy 2 Beef, dressed Pounds. 235 26 235 26 Milk, whole______Pounds. 129,905 1, 942 129,905 1,942 See footnotes at end of table. h-*

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution —Continued Or MINNESOTA-Continued to

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­

Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE INPRISON LABOR Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN—COn. Farm: Field crops and garden______4 Corn, field______Bushels. 1,500 $750 1,500 $750 Fodder ______Tons___ 106 424 106 424 Hay ______Tons___ 35 420 35 420 Wheat ______Bushels. 124 89 124 89 Miscellaneous ______0) 1,577 0) 1,577 Farm: Hogs - ______1 Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 4,848 661 4,848 661 Farm: Poultry and poultry products _____ 1 Eggs _ __- Dozen... 1,702 348 1,702 348 Poultry, dressed _ _. _____ Pounds. 665 82 665 82 Textile products__ 2 ______1 Bags, cloth ______Dozen... 10 15 10 15 Miscellaneous-______0) 40 0) 40 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 3 0) 1,322 <0 1,322 and vegetables.

MISSISSIPPI

STATE PENITENTIARY Total______2,058 $639, 066 $288,953 $350,113 1940 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick M ___ 3 300 2,400 300 2,400 Clothing______36 Aprons______... Dozen __ 120 180 120 180 Coats, work..------Dozen... 410 4.920 410 4,920 Hats and caps------Dozen__ 265 27 265 27 Pants, work______Dozen__ 520 6,240 520 6, 240 Shirts, work______Dozen. 600 5,400 600 5,400 Underwear, men’s and boys’______Dozen. . 400 1.920 400 1, 920 Farm: Cattle______. Head. _ 21 200 7,000 200 7,000 Farm: Field crops and garden______1,933 Butterbeans______Bushels. 10, 803 11,883 10, 803 11, 883 Corn, field...... Bushels. 102,980 102,980 102,980 102,980

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A----GENERAL TABLES O i 00 133 168 118 154 2,643 2,498 3,552 6,958 66, 948 66, 10,277 10,277 130,226 130,226 153,597 148,179 166,562 $635,734 30 67 566 416 878 ,412 2 3,125 3,125 4,068 2,739 0) 100,671 788,736 788,736 1,791,811 2,426,894 585 13,760 13,760 31,400 31,400 $45, 745 $45, (0 0) 0) 180 180 216 739 300 701 500 900 1,134 7,092 7,092 9,221 9,221 1,894 2,350 2,350 2,983 2,983 4,591 4,591 3,595 2,500 4, 239 239 4, 19, 300 300 19, 15, 787 787 15, 18,615 18,615 15,873 10,824 10,824 37,000 12, 332 332 12, 30,876 30,876 37,118 48,205 48,205 $706, 230 $706, 70 70 40 40 742 742 167 203 758 320 320 500 500 300 !, 027 027 !, 1,930 1,930 1,629 1,629 1,850 3,961 3,961 2,908 2,350 2,350 561 2, 8,840 0) 11,932 11,932 25,915 25,915 27,060 27,060 10, 10, 448 123,320 123,320 371,180 MISSOURI 133 168 180 180 216 216 154 154 585 500 300 900 1,134 1,134 2,643 2,643 791 7, 9,221 9,221 2,983 7,092 7,092 3,237 3,237 713 3, 4,591 4,591 2,350 2,350 2, 500 500 2, 13,760 13,760 19,300 19,300 25, 573 573 25, 26,150 66,948 66,948 10,824 787 15, 30,876 30,876 31,400 12, 332 332 12, 37,000 37,118 130, 226 226 130, 148,880 148,880 201,802 201,802 168,456 $1,387, 709 $1,387, 30 30 40 736 736 742 742 203 203 167 825 636 636 500 300 500 1,930 1,930 2,507 2,507 2,908 3,027 3,027 6,700 2,412 2,412 3,125 3,125 2,561 2,561 1,850 4,068 2,350 2,350 0) 0) 0) (o 0) 11,932 11,932 27,060 27,060 126,586 126,586 788, 736 736 788, 123,320 123,320 371,180 1,800,651 2,437,342 4 636 1,424 __ Pairs... Each... Dozen- . Pieces. Each.... Pairs... Dozen.. Dozen- Dozen.. Each... Dozen.. Dozen.. . Dozen. Dozen- Dozen.. Dozen- Pounds. Gallons. Gallons. Bushels. Each... . Pounds Bales Bushels. _ Head. _ Each.. Each.. Pounds. Pounds. Tons.... Tons ... Dozen- Dozen.. _ . ______..... ______..... ____ ...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______' ______ALL INSTITUTIONS ALL ______Louis ______Do St. Hope. Mops Binder twine______Binder Children’s playsuits.. Children’s dress Coats, Overalls Cotton Cottonseed Brooms Shirts, work Shirts, Pork, Pork, dressed Coats, work Coats, Overcoats nightgowns and Pajamas new Shoes, repaired Shoes Suits______boys’______and men’s Underwear, Aprons of Hats and caps and Hats 10 only Labor work______Pants, Potatoes beans Soy dressed______Beef, Mattresses Miscellaneous Pillows Pillowcases Hay Molasses Towels See footnotes at end of table. of end at footnotes See Construction: Major repairs to buildings.. to repairs Major Construction: Miscellaneous Construction: Total. Cordage______Construction: Buildings Construction: Clothing Brooms, brushes, and and mops______brushes, Brooms, Other manufactured products. manufactured Other Farm: Farm: Hogs______Furniture: Furniture: thanor wood. Other metal Textile productsTextile

408102' Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T able A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , fry State, s y s te m , arac? institution —Continued Or MISSOURI—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and 19 40 STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued Farm: Cattle ______- 8 Beef, dressed ______- Pounds. 373,578 $59,921 373,578 $59,921 Cattle ______Head. 30 400 30 400 Miscellaneous ______(9 2,516 (9 2, 516 Farm: Dairy ______26 Cattle ______Head _ 129 1,630 87 1,315 42 $315 Milk, whole - ______Pounds - 1,221,374 26, 576 1,221,374 26, 576 Miscellaneous ______.. (9 3,602 (9 3,602 Farm: Field crops and garden______274 Barley ______- Bushels. 100 60 100 60 Corn, field - ______Bushels. 4,250 2, 550 4, 250 2,550 Ensilage _ . ______- Tons. - 3,130 12,145 3,130 12,145 F odder.______. Tons.--. 2,653 41,674 2,653 41,674 Hay ______Tons___ 1,838 18,971 1,838 18,971 Oats ______Bushels - 625 250 625 250 Potatoes______Bushels . 33,753 22,778 33, 753 22, 778 Tobacco______. Pounds _ 12,000 3,000 12,000 3,000 Straw _ - ______Tons - 1,659 6,927 1,659 6,927 W heat______Bushels. 3,690 2,988 3,690 2,988 Miscellaneous ______(9 35,963 0) 35,950 (9 13 Farm: Hoes ______. _ 16 Hogs ______- - Head __ 271 1,847 271 1,847 ______dressed __ Pounds _ 749,468 75,599 749,468 75, 599Pork, - Farm: Poultry and poultry products ___ __ 20 Eggs ______- - Dozen 11, 294 1,694 11, 294 1,694 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds _ 140,144 24,724 140,144 24, 724 Poultry, live - ______Head __ 350 175 350 175 Furniture: Metal ______6 Cabinets ______Each- _ 249 5,753 245 5,657 4 96 Lockers______Each___ 1,064 4,026 1,064 4,026

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Furniture: Wood______Beds______E a c h - 22 355 8 169 14 186 Benches______E a c h . 182 417 182 417 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______E a c h . 66 625 61 586 5 39 Cabinets______E a c h . 117 370 117 370 Chairs______E a c h . 407 1,640 349 1,065 58 575 Desks______E a c h . 25 676 20 455 5 221 Repairs______0) 70 0) 44 0) 26 Tables______E a c h . 682 1,285 675 1,182 7 103 Miscellaneous______0) 1,193 0) 755 0) 438 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______E a c h . 1,426 1,968 1,426 1,968 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. | Auto license tags______E a c h . 1,940,716 111, 765 1,940,716 111,765 A APPENDIX Highway markers______E a c h . 20,877 25,112 20,877 25,112 Signs______E a c h . 313 97 96 24 217 73 Tags, miscellaneous______E a c h . 75,854 3,034 75,854 3,034 Metal products, miscellaneous______Stainless steelware______P ie c e s . 1,780 1,818 1,780 1,818 Miscellaneous______0) 1,044 0) 1,044 Quarrying and rock crushing______Lime and agricultural limestone______T o n s . 10.076 7, 557 10,076 7, 557

Stone, crushed______T o n s . 11,217 9,655 10,251 8, 737 966 918 ---- Textile products______

Bags, cloth______D o z e n . 75 216 75 216 GENERAL TABLES Covers, mattress______E a c h — 800 583 800 583 Labor, only______0) 74 0) 74 Pillowcases______: ______D o z e n . 5 13 5 13 Sheets______D o z e n . 7 52 7 52 Spreads______E a c h - . 6 2 6 2 Ticks, bed______E a c h - . 2,018 2,423 2,018 2,423 Towels______D o z e n . 855 743 855 743 Miscellaneous______0) 133 0) 98 (0 35 Wood products______Lumber______B d . f t . 233,267 5,190 233,267 5,190 Wood, fuel______0) 1, 550 0) 1, 550 Miscellaneous______0) 181 (0 181 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits C a s e s . . - 33,750 38,227 33, 750 38,227 and vegetables. STATE PENITENTIARY T o t a l ______1, 325, 584 653,187 $37,245 635,152

Broom s, brushes, and mops. B r o o m s ______D o z e n . 3,125 2,643 3,125 2,643 M o p s ______E a c h - 4,068 133 4,068 133 C l o t h in g ______A p r o n s ______D o z e n . 88 216 88 216 Children’s play suits _____ D o z e n . 30 168 30 168 Coats, dress ______E a c h - 3,027 9,221 3,027 9,221 O r See footnotes at end of table. O i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , araf institution —Continued Cn MISSOURI—Continued 05

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and 19 40 STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued C lothing—C ontinued. Coats, work______Dozen 636 $3,237 70 $739 566 $2,498 Hats and caps______Dozen. __ 203 1,134 203 1,134 Labor only10______. Pieces. 788,736 130,226 788,736 130,226 Overalls ______... . . Dozen 736 7, 791 320 4,239 416 3, 552 Overcoats ______Each.. . 742 4, 591 742 4, 591 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen _ 40 180 40 180 Pants, work______Dozen. _ 2, 507 25, 573 1,629 18,615 878 6,958 Shirts, work______Dozen. _ 6,700 26,150 3,961 15, 873 2,739 10, 277 Shoes, new______Pairs.. . 126, 586 201,802 25, 915 48, 205 100,671 153, 597 Shoes repaired______Pairs -_. 11,932 2,983 11,932 2,983 Suits______. ______. ______Each ... 2,908 30,876 2,908 30,876 Underwear, men’s and boys’ __ Dozen 825 3, 713 758 3, 595 67 118 Construction: Buildings______22 0) 5,260 $5,260 Construction: Major repairs to buildings _ 40 31,400 31,400 Construction: Miscellaneous______2 585 585 Cordage__- ___ -______89 8 8 Binder twine______- - Pounds. 2,437,342 148,880 10,448 701 2,426,894 148,179 Do. . ______(■) 154 0) 154 Rope - - ______Pounds 1,800,651 168,456 8,840 1,894 1, 791,811 166, 562 Farm: Cattle______8 Beef, dressed..______Pounds. 373, 578 59,921 373, 578 59, 921 Cattle______Head .. 30 400 30 400 Miscellaneous______0) 2,516 0) 2,516 Farm: Dairy ______2 Milk, whole - ______- Pounds. 429,800 10, 745 429,800 10, 745 Miscellaneous..__ . ______.. (0 1,960 (0 1, 960 Farm: Field crops and garden______204 Ensilage ______Tons _ 2, 250 8,625 2, 250 8, 625 Fodder __ Tons 2,653 41,674 2,653 41, 674 Hay __ Tons 1,175 13,667 1,175 13,667 Potatoes Bushels . 28, 253 19,078 28, 253 19,078 Straw.. ______. Tons 1, 659 6,927 1,659 6,927 Tobacco ______. . Pounds. 12,000 3,000 12,000 3,000 ...... Bushels.Wheat 1,800 1,098 1,800 1,098

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Miscellaneous______(9 31, 846 (}) 31,846 Farm: Hogs.______Hogs------Head__ 25 125 25 125 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 705, 228 69, 644 705,228 69,644 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------D ozen - 826 124 826 124 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 137,620 24, 219 137,620 24,219 Poultry, live______Head__ 350 175 350 175 Furniture: Metal______Cabinets, storage______Each. 249 5, 753 245 5, 657 4 96 Lockers______Each. 1,064 4,026 1,064 4,026 Furniture: Wood______Beds______Each. 11 273 8 169 3 104 Benches______Each. 181 405 181 405 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each. 8 231 6 216 2 15 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Chairs______Each. 395 1,634 337 1,059 58 575 Desks______Each. 20 578 15 357 5 221 Tables______Each. 599 1,065 592 962 7 103 Miscellaneous______(0 1,071 (0 755 (9 316 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each. 1,426 1,968 1,426 1,968 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Auto license tags______Each. 1,940,716 111, 765 1,940, 716 111, 765 Highway markers______Each. 20,877 25,112 20,877 25,112 Signs______Each. 313 97 96 24 217 73 Tags, miscellaneous______Each. 75,854 3,034 75,854 3,034 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Stainless steelware______Pieces. 1,780 1,818 1,780 1,818 Miscellaneous______ri 1,044 (>) 1,044 Quarrying and rock crushing______Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons. 10,076 7,557 10,076 7,557 Stone, crushed______Tons. 9,212 7,650 8,246 6,732 966 918 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 75 216 75 216 Covers, mattress______Each.. 800 583 800 583 Labor only______(9 74 (9 74 Pillowcases______Dozen. 5 13 5 13 Sheets______Dozen. 7 52 7 52 Spreads______Each— 6 2 6 2 Ticks, bed______Each__ 2,018 2,423 2,018 2,423 Towels______Dozen. 855 743 855 743 Miscellaneous______(9 133 (9 98 (9 35 Wood products______Lumber______Bd. ft. 233,267 5,190 233,267 5,190 Wood, fuel______(9 1,550 (9 1, 550 Miscellaneous______(9 181 (9 181 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 33, 750 38, 227 33, 750 38,227 and vegetables. See footnotes at end of table. O i

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.—K i n d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution —Continued CR MISSOURI—Continued oo

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED PRISON* THE IN LABOR pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

INTERMEDIATE REFORMATORY FOR YOUNG MEN Total______172 $62,125 $53,043 $8, 500 $582

Construction: Buildings______20 6) 8,500 0) 8,500 Farm: D airy______24 Cattle______Head.. 129 1,630 87 1,315 42 315 Milk, whole - ______Pounds. 791, 574 15,831 791,574 15, 831 Miscellaneous.. ... _ . ______... (9 1,642 0) 1,642 Farm: Field crops and garden______70 Barley______Bushels. 100 60 100 60 Corn, field______Bushels. 4,250 2,550 4,250 2, 550 Ensilage.. . . . ___... ______...... Tons. 880 3, 520 880 3, 520 Hay______... Tons 663 5,304 663 5, 304 Oats______... ______Bushels. 625 250 625 250 Potatoes______. . . . ______Bushels. 5,500 3,700 5,500 3, 700 Wheat.. ______... Bushels. 1.890 1,890 1.890 1,890 Miscellaneous______... d 4,117 d 4,104 0) 13 Farm: Hogs______4 Hogs... ______Head.. 246 1,722 246 1, 722 Pork, dressed___ .. ______Pounds. 44,240 5,955 44, 240 5, 955 Farm: Poultry and poultry products____ . 2 Eggs______. Dozen 10,468 1,570 10,468 1, 570 Poultry, dressed Pounds. 2,524 505 2,524 505 Furniture: Wood_____ .. ... _ ... _ 22 Beds. .. ______._ . __ . Each.. 11 82 ll 82 1940 Benches ______Each.. 1 12 I 12 Bureaus, chiffoniers, e t c .. .______. Each.. 58 394 55 370 3 24 Cabinets. ______Each. _ 117 370 117 370 Chairs______Each. _ 12 6 12 6 Desks______. . . _____ .. ______Each___ 5 98 5 98 Repairs. ______0) 70 0) 44 0) 26 Tables. . . . ______. Each.. . 83 220 83 220 Miscellaneous...... 0) 122 (9 122 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ .. . 30 2,005 2,005 2,005 2,005

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis MONTANA

STATE PRISON Total______120 $78, 506 $78, 322 $184 Clothing _ _ 15 Aprons ...... __ _ Dozen 12 29 12 29 Coats, dress ______Each 20 120 20 120 Coats, work ______Dozen 59 706 59 706 Hats and caps______Dozen 56 84 56 84 Overalls - ______. Dozen... 331 4,680 331 4, 680 Pants, dress Each 52 208 52 208 Shirts, work _ . .. ______Dozen. _ 315 2,764 315 2,764 Shoes repaired, ______... Pairs. 1,150 690 1,150 690 A APPENDIX Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen 34 168 34 168 Farm: Dairy...______'______10 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 18,328 1,998 18, 328 1,998 Butter____ .______Pounds. 3,152 946 3,152 946 Cattle______Head 40 1, 000 40 1, 000 Cream.______Pounds. 29,160 3, 650 27,720 3,466 1,440 184 Milk, whole.__ __ _. ______Pounds. 312, 300 7,807 312, 300 7,807 Farm: Field crops and garden ______27 Barley______Bushels. 944 408 944 408 ---- Hay______Tons 1,019 4,913 1,019 4,913 Oats______Bushels. 7,178 1, 952 7,178 1, 952 TABLES GENERAL - Potatoes______. Bushels. 18, 324 5,131 18, 324 5,131 Wheat... ______Bushels. 727 436 727 436 Miscellaneous. ______0) 2,690 0) 2,690 Farm: Hogs. ______2 Hogs______Head__ 1 15 1 15 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 63,984 6, 398 63,984 6, 398 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______3 Eggs______Dozen 10,416 2, 292 10,416 2, 292 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 4,694 1,025 4,694 1,025 Poultry, live______Head__ 150 225 150 225 Metal products: Auto license tags. ______Each__ ___ 23 407,800 11,749 407,800 11, 749 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______35 (0 12,000 0) 12, 000 Soap and other detergents: Soap______Pounds. 2 62,400 1,872 62,400 1,872 Textile products______2 Sheets______Dozen... 187 1,346 187 1, 346 Towels.______Dozen 80 60 80 60 Wood products: Wood, fuel______1 0) 1,144 0) 1,144

See footnotes at end of table.

Or CD

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 0 6 1 T able A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y State, system , and institution— Continued NEBRASKA

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATUS, UNITED THE IN DAB OR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total- State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. 512 $527,100 !2,692 $88,715 $15,693 Bakery products, commercial______8 0) 2, 721 0) 2,721 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms_____ Dozen. 6 382 1,433 382 1,433 Clothing, other than knit.______115 Coats, dress______Each.... 15 75 15 75 Coats, work______Dozen- 350 3,252 350 3,252 Dresses______Each__ 444 293 444 293 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 1,999 1,979 1,999 1,979 . Handkerchiefs------Dozen-- 954 633 954 633 Hats and caps------Dozen-_ 302 646 302 646 Overalls______Dozen. . 783 5, 549 783 5, 549 Overcoats______Each.... 326 2,651 326 2,651 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen.. 56 412 56 412 Pants, dress______Each__ 589 1,612 589 1,612 Pants, work------Dozen... 278 2,013 278 2,013 Shirts, work______Dozen- 2,794 13,199 2, 794 13,199 Shoes, new______Pairs__ 9,481 15,600 9,481 15,600 Shoes repaired______Pairs__ 4,302 2,119 4,302 2,119 Suits______Each.... 864 6, 515 864 6,515 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______D ozen- 196 626 196 626 Underwear, women’s and children’s ... Dozen. . 31 94 31 94 Miscellaneous------0) 71 0) 71 Clothing, knit: Hosiery------Doz. pr. 1,763 1, 724 1,763 1, 724 Construction: Buildings------C1) 72,701 72, 701 1940 Construction: Major repairs to buildings.-. 0) 12,742 8 12, 742 Construction: Miscellaneous______0) 3,272 0) 3,272 Farm: Cattle______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 19,187 2,418 19,187 2,418 Cattle------H e a d - 274 11, 743 164 5,268 110 6,475 Farm: Dairy______26 Beef, dressed______Pounds . 10,551 971 10, 551 971 Butter------Pounds. 2,172 572 2,172 572 Cattle______H e a d - 206 4,160 42 1,130 164 3,030 Cream______Pounds . 2,995 384 2,995 384 Milk, whole______Pounds. 2, 515,840 56,722 2, 515,840 56, 722

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Miscellaneous______(0 8, 111 0) 7,980 0) 131 Farm: Field crops and garden______106 Alfalfa seed______Bushels. 134 1,925 97 1,385 37 540 Corn, field______Bushels _ 3,721 1,861 3,721 1,861 Ensilage ______Tons___ — 1,676 5,877 1,670 5,877 H a y ______Tons 209 1,583 209 1,583 Potatoes______Bushels . 404 242 404 242 Straw______Tons _. 38 84 38 84 Wheat______Bushels. 1,266 707 1,266 707 Miscellaneous______0) 15,342 0) 14,832 0) 510 Farm: Hogs______8 Hogs.:.______0) 16,965 (0 15,117 0) 1,848 Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 85,697 5,766 85,697 5,766 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______7 Eggs______: ____ :_ * 56,851 8,896 49, 338 7,614 7, 513 1,282 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 7,326 1,342 7, 326 1,342 Poultry ilive.. ______Head 4,836 1,785 3,782 1,415 1,054 370 Do______0) 2,686 (0 2,686 Farm: Miscellaneous... ______1 Livestock______.. . ______Head 7 575 5 500 2 75 Furniture: Wood______9 Benches______Each _ _ 46 551 46 551 Chairs______Each _ _ 260 841 260 841 Desks______Each _ _ 21 670 21 670 Repairs...... ___ _ (0 989 (0 989 Tables______Each . _ 36 206 36 206 Miscellaneous______0) 246 0) 246 Furniture: Other than metal or w o o d _____ 2 Mattresses______Each _ 276 3,163 276 3,163 Repairs______(0 663 0) 663 Grain-mill products: Feed, stock ______Tons___ 6 312 7,694 312 7,694 32Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 32Metal signs. Auto license tags______Each... 1,129,364 58,176 1,129,364 58,176 Highway markers...... __ Each .. 5,137 5,631 5,137 5,631 Tags, miscellaneous. I______Each .. 185,001 4,695 185,001 4,695 Metal products: Miscellaneous______00 (0 71 0) 71 Textile products______11 Auto certificate holders______0) 1,004 0) 1,004 Bags, cloth______0) 341 0) 341 Pillowcases______Dozen.. 855 1,702 855 1,702 Sheets______Dozen... 1,659 13,021 1,659 13,021 Miscellaneous. ______0) 410 (0 410 Wood products: Mill work ______*9 0) 3,606 0) 3,606. Other manufactured products ______84 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 194,579 23,224 194, 579 23,224 Canned fruits and vegetables______(0 6,939 (0 6,939 Do______Cases__ 7,371 14,204 7,371 14, 204 Electricity______32, 771 0) 32, 771 Insecticides, deodorants, and related 736 (0 736 chemical compounds. 8 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued i—1 O NEBRASKA-Continued fcO

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued Other manufactured products—Continued. Labor only (canning)______(9 $117 (9 $117 Meat products, miscellaneous...... 0) 27,693 (9 26,645 (9 $1,048 Pork, dressed ______Pounds _ 100,893 10,707 100,893 10,707 Repairs (harness) ______0) 546 (9 546 Tobacco, smoking.______Pounds. 14,025 3,834 14,025 3,834 STATE PENITENTIARY Total______270 223, 992 135,146 $88,715 131

Bakery products, commercial______8 (9 2,721 (9 2,721 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms_____ Dozen. __ 6 382 1,433 382 1,433 Clothing, other than knit______76 Coats, work______Dozen . 350 3,252 350 3, 252 Dresses...... _ . ______Each 240 117 240 117 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr 1,999 1,979 1,999 1,979 Handkerchiefs______Dozen __ 917 611 917 611 Hats and caps______Dozen _ 302 646 302 646 Overalls______.______Dozen _ 783 5, 549 783 5,549 Overcoats. __ _ . ______Each .. 326 2,651 326 2,651 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 45 323 45 323 Pants, dress______Each 589 1,612 589 1,612 Pants, work______Dozen 278 2,013 278 2,013

Shirts, work______Dozen 2,319 10, 563 2,319 10,563 1940 Shoes repaired.______Pairs 4, 202 2,119 4, 202 2,119 Suits ______Each 864 6, 515 864 6, 515 Underwear, men’s and boys’. ______Dozen 196 626 196 626 Miscellaneous ...... (9 18 (9 18 Clothing, knit: Hosiery ______Doz. pr_. 13 1,763 1,724 1,763 1,724 Construction: Buildings 38 (9 72,701 (9 72, 701 Construction: Major repairs to buildings 20 (9 12,742 (9 12, 742 Construction: Miscellaneous 2 (9 3,272 0) 3,272 Farm: Dairy 9 Beef, dressed Pounds_ 10,551 971 10, 551 971 ______Head... 42 1.130 42 1.130Cattle

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pounds. 463,872 11,265 463,872 11, 265 Miscellaneous______(9 131 (9 13l Farm: Field crops and garden 27 Bushels. 248 130 248 130 466 1,862 466 1,862 Hay 7 70 7 70 38 84 38 84 Bushels. 396 238 396 238 (9 4,691 (9 4,691 Farm: Hogs 2 Hogs 23 267 23 267 Pounds. 45,317 2,437 45,317 2,437 2 Eggs 11,743 1,880 11, 743 1,880 Pounds. 5,976 1,112 5,976 1,112 A APPENDIX (9 234 (9 234 Furniture: Wood 9 Benches ______Each 46 551 46 551 260 841 260 841 Desks 21 670 21 670 Repairs 0) 989 (9 989 Tables Each 36 20636 206 Miscellaneous (0 246 (9 246 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 2 ---- Mattresses Each 276 3,163 276 3,163 Pillows Each 521 663 521 663 TABLES GENERAL Grain-mill products: Feed, stock Tons___ 6 312 7, 694 312 7, 694 Textile products 2 Auto certificate holders (!) 1,004 (9 1,004 341Bags, cloth (!) 341 (9 341Bags, Miscellaneous 0) 238(9 238 Wood products: Mi 11 work 9 (9 3,606 (9 3,606 Other manufactured products 39 Canned fruits and vegetables (9 6,204 (9 6,204 Electricity (9 32, 771 0) 32, 771 Insecticides, disinfectants, and related (9 736 (9 736 chemical compounds. Repairs (harness) 0) 546(9 546 Tobacco, smoking Pounds. 14,025 3,834 14,025 3,834 STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN Total...... 135 169,745 162,400 7, 345 Clothing: Shoes, new______. ______Pairs__ 36 9,481 15,600 9,481 15,600 Farm: Cattle ______8 Beef, dressed-..______Pounds _ 18, 377 2,312 18, 377 2, 312 ______Head269 11, 217 162 5,117Cattle__ 107 6,100 Farm: Dairy 13 Milk, whole ______Pounds _ 1,689,062 37, 568 1,689, 062 37,568 ______(i) 7.980 (i) 7.980Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table. 05 CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution — Continued NEBRASKA— Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and (STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN—Continued Farm: Field crops and garden______32 Corn, field.._____ *1______Bushels. 1,086 $521 1,086 $521 Ensilage______Tons___ 780 2,340 780 2,340 Hay__r______Tons___ 24 120 24 120 Wheat______-. Bushels. 697 362 697 362 Miscellaneous______0) 2,717 (9 2,717 Farm: Hogs______3 Hogs.. - ______Head 476 6,325 420 5,633 56 $692 Pork, dressed______-______Pounds _ 37,606 3,117 37,606 3,117 Farm: Poultry and poultry products ___ 2 Eggs______Dozen _ _ 27,583 4,501 24, 343 3,948 3,240 553 Poultry, live______- 0) 3,751 0 ) 3,751 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, 32 and signs. Auto license tags______Each___ 1,129,364 58,176 1,129,364 58,176 Highway markers______- - Each___ 5,137 5,631 5,137 5,631 Tags, miscellaneous.- __ - ____ Each__ 185,001 4,695 185,001 4,695 Metal products: Miscellaneous______0) 71 0) 71 Other manufactured products.. ______(\ Canned fruits and vegetables ___- Cases 1,902 2,624 1,902 2,624 Labor only ( c a n n i n g ) ______0) 117 O 117 STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN 1940 Total ______-___ 21 -.-.32,671. ___31,291. ____1,380

Clothing ______3 Coats, dress______Each___ 15 75 15 75 Dresses ______Each___ 204 176 204 176 Handkerchiefs______Dozen __ 37 22 37 22 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen _ _ 11 89 11 89 Shirts, work ______Dozen _ _ 475 2,636 475 2,636 Underwear, women's and children's____ Dozen _ _ 31 94 31 94 Miscellaneous------0) 53 0) 53

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Cattle------Beef, dressed______Pounds. 810 106 810 106 Cattle______Head.... 5 526 2 151 3 375 Farm: Dairy______Butter______Pounds. 2,172 572 2,172 572 Cream___. ______Pounds. 2,995 384 2,995 384 Milk, whole______Pounds. 199,481 4,786 199,481 4,786 Farm: Field crops and garden------Alfalfa seed______Bushels. 134 1,925 97 1,385 37 540 Corn, field______Bushels. 105 69 105 69 Ensilage______Tons__ 90 315 90 315 Hay______Tons__ 122 987 122 987 Potatoes______Bushels. 404 242 404 242 Miscellaneous______0) 465 0) 465 Farm: Hogs______A APPENDIX Hogs------Head.... 177 2,744 177 2,744 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 2, 774 212 2,774 212 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______(2) Eggs------Dozen.. 2,641 313 2,103 252 538 81 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 1,350 230 1, 350 230 Textile products______Pillowcases______Dozen _ 855 1, 702 . 855 1,702 Sheets______Dozen _ 1,659 13,021 1,659 13,021 Miscellaneous______0) 172 0) 172 ---- Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 0) 735 0) 735 and vegetables. TABLES GENERAL GENOA STATE FARM Total. 100,692 93,855 6,837 Farm: Dairy______Cattle______Head.... 164 3,030 164 3,030 Milk, whole______Pounds. 163,425 3,103 163,425 3,103 Farm: Field crops and garden______Corn, field______Bushels. 2,281 1,141 2,281 1,141 Ensilage______Tons__ 340 1,360 340 1,360 Hay______Tons__ 56 406 56 406 Wheat______Bushels. 173 107 173 107 Miscellaneous______(0 7,469 (0 6.959 (0 510 Farm: Hogs______0) 7,629 (0 6,473 (0 1,156 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Eggs------Dozen- 14,884 % 182 11,149 1, 534 3,735 648 Poultry, live______Head... 1,396 486 342 116 1,054 370 Farm: Miscellaneous______1 Livestock______Head- 7 575 5 500 2 75 Other manufactured products______~33~ Beef, dressed______Pounds. 194,579 23, 224 194, 579 23,224 Canned fruits and vegetables____ Cases. -. 5,469 11, 580 5,469 11, 580 Meat products, miscellaneous___ 0) 27, 693 (0 26,645 0) 1,048 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 100,893 10,707 100,893 10, 707 0 See footnotes at end of table. 0 1

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued O NEVADA O*

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value •Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PRISON Total______17 $16,549 $16,549 Farm: Dairy______3 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 5,112 531 5,112 531 Butter______Pounds. 3,472 1,042 3,472 1,042 Cattle______Head 28 1,890 28 1,890 Cream______Pounds. 1, 771 206 1,771 206 Milk, whole______Pounds. 112,400 3,272 112,400 3, 272 Farm: Field crops and garden...______10 Hay______...... ______Tons 400 3,200 400 3,200 Wheat... ______Bushels. 167 117 167 177 Miscellaneous______0) 100 0) 100 Farm: Hogs______1 Hogs______Head__ 75 750 75 750 Pork, dressed____ ...... ____... Pounds. 5,110 511 5,110 511 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______1 Eggs_____: ______Dozen .. 4,616 692 4,616 692 Poultry, dressed______... Pounds. 664 116 664 116 Poultry, live______._ Head__ 445 222 445 222 Metal products: Auto license tags...... Each___ 2 106,643 3,900 106,643 3,900

NEW HAMPSHIRE

STATE PRISON 1940 Total______205 $127,287 $121,817 $2,930 $2, 540 Olay, cement, and stone products______96 Concrete pipe ______0) 30,334 0) 30, 334 Concrete posts______... (0 1,922 (0 1,922 Cribbing, concrete______. 0) 9,071 (0 9, 071 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 3 1 2,930 i 2,930 Farm: Cattle______Head__ 1 31 2,340 31 2,340 Farm: Dairy______5 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 208, 581 8,243 208, 587 8,243

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Field crops and garden. 13 1 Miscellaneous______(0 4,854 (0 4,854 Farm: Hogs______” 2 0 0 Hogs------Head__ 200 40 200 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 1,845 20, 500 1,845 Metal products______25 Auto license tags______Each. 304, 748 22,963 304, 748 22,963 Printing and binding______20" Envelopes______Each. 764,300 2,322 764, 300 2, 322 Letterheads______Each. 703,000 2, 079 703, 000 2,079 Miscellaneous______(0 25, 308 (0 25, 308 Quarrying and rock crushing. _ 40 Sand______Tons. 1,044 343 1,044 343 Stone, crushed______Tons. 10,194 12, 533 10,194 12, 533 PEDX A APPENDIX

NEW JERSEY

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______. . . ______1,397 $1, 224, 044 $1,196,169 $27,875 Bakery products, commercial ______Pounds. 10 791,674 28, 583 791,674 28,583

Clay, cement, and stone products.______10 ---- Concrete blocks ______Each .. 27,135 3,020 27,13$ 3,020

Concrete posts. ______Each___ 30 50 30 50 TABLES GENERAL Miscellaneous. ______0) 82 0) 82 Clothing______... 395 Aprons______Dozen 68 374 68 374 Belts______Dozen . 125 350 125 350 Coats, work______. . Dozen . 289 11, 208 289 11, 208 Dresses______. Each ... 1,474 1, 277 1,474 1, 277 Hats and caps ______... ______Dozen 73 306 73 306 Labor only______0) 7,371 0) 7,371 Overalls______...... _ Dozen 568 11,454 568 11,454 Overcoats______Each___ 3,329 20, 875 3,329 20,875 Pajamas and nightgowns ______. Dozen ._ 366 3,289 366 3,289 Pants, work ______. Dozen. 2, 830 45,156 2, 830 45,156 Shirts, dress .. . ______. Dozen 191 871 191 871 Shirts, work______... Dozen . 2,834 20, 936 2,834 20,936 Shoes, new______Pairs. 28,355 93, 257 28,355 93, 257 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 24, 507 19, 523 24, 507 19, 523 Suits______...... ______. . . Each___ 5, 776 36, 658 5, 776 36, 658 Underwear, men’s and boys’ . .______Dozen .. 649 2, 665 649 2, 665 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen... 47 256 47 256 •Miscellaneous.. ______. ... 0) 3,261 0) 3,261 Construction: Buildings__ ... .______Each___ 10 1 16, 875 1 16, 875 Construction: Miscellaneous______61 0) 11,000 0) 11,000 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued O NEW JERSEY—Continued 00

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ 1 ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Farm: Cattle______11 Beef, dressed______Pounds . 8,799 $1,305 8,799 $1,305 Cattle______. Head ___ 54 2,164 54 2,164 Miscellaneous______0 1,540 0 1,540 Farm: Dairy______.. 70 Beef, dressed______Pounds . 26,803 3,313 26,803 3,313 Cattle______Head _ _ 85 6,450 85 6,450 Cream______Pounds_ 284 53 284 53 Pou nds.Milk, whole ______Pounds.Milk, 2,342,315 80,997 2,342,315 80,997 Miscellaneous - 0) 7,298 0 7,298 Farm: Field crops and garden 262 Beets, mangel _ _. Tons 240 2,395 240 2,395 Corn, field.. ______Bushels . 8, 764 4,034 8, 764 4, 034 Ensilage______T ons__ 1,410 12,694 1,410 12,694 Hay...... Tons 1,122 13,190 1,122 13,190 Potatoes______Bushels _ 32,874 23,687 32,874 23,687 Straw.______Tons ._ 69 884 69 884 Wheat.. ______Bushels. 2,030 1,258 2,030 1,258 Miscellaneous______0 60,635 0) 60,635 Farm: Hogs______16 Hogs______Head 1,170 20,934 1,170 20,934 Pork, dressed______. _ Pounds. 173,837 17,626 173, 837 17,626 Miscellaneous . ______0 1,346 0 1,346 Farm: Poultry and poultry products . __ 5 1940 Eggs Dozen 13,416 3,541 13,416 3, 541 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 6,647 1,316 6,647 1,316 Poultry, live.______Head__ 1,292 1,938 1,292 1,938 Farm: Miscellaneous______(2) 0 282 0 282 Furniture: Metal______36 Beds______Each 735 6,047 735 6,047 Tables______Each 7 88 7 88 Wastebaskets______Each 339 170 339 170 Miscellaneous______0 1,528 0) 1,528

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A----GENERAL TABLES 1 6 9 1 1 1 56 56 86 86 150 150 102 979 979 270 108 131 131 257 257 843 270 1,497 1,497 2, 358 358 2, 3,905 3,905 7.268 7.268 2,371 795 7, 1,101 1,101 1,867 1,867 6.922 6.922 4,105 4,105 5, 259 259 5, 2,257 2,257 9, 779 9, 5,917 5,917 7, 431 7, 2,084 13,231 13,231 13, 599 13, 11,416 11,416 19,625 19,625 19, 601 601 19, 11,524 52, 258 258 52, 50,386 13, 763 13, 74, 208 208 74, 21,354 21,354 35, 835 835 35, 196, 666 196, 4 4 9 72 72 64 64 24 24 29 29 58 323 323 345 345 423 797 797 1,896 1, 557 557 1, 2,263 2,263 1,790 2,030 3, 573 573 3, 7,366 6,065 1,131 1,131 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 15, 000 000 15, 0) 14,050 14,050 37,101 37,101 453, 295 453, 105, 280 280 105, 169,875 169,875 660, 689 660, 2,369,465 1, 396, 000 000 396, 1, 5, 362, 200 200 362, 5, 56 56 86 86 150 150 979 979 270 108 102 102 257 257 131 843 843 270 2,358 2,358 1,497 1,497 1,101 1,101 7,795 7,795 1,867 1,867 7, 268 268 7, 2,371 6, 922 922 6, 5, 259 259 5, 3,905 3,905 9, 779 9, 4,105 4,105 2,257 2,257 5,917 5,917 2,084 2,084 7,431 13,599 11,416 11,416 13, 231 231 13, 19, 625 625 19, 19, 601 601 19, 11. 524 11. 13, 763 13, 50, 386 50, 52, 258 258 52, 74,208 74,208 354 21, 35,835 35,835 4 4 9 72 72 64 64 24 24 29 29 58 423 323 323 345 345 797 797 1,896 1,896 1,557 1.790 1.790 2,030 2,030 573 3, 1,131 1,131 2,263 2,263 7,366 6,065 0) (0 0) (0 0) (’) 0) 0) p) 0) • 15,000 14,050 14,050 37,101 37,101 453,295 105,280 105,280 169,875 169,875 660, 689 660, 1,396, 000 000 1,396, 2,369,465 196,666 5,362, 200 200 5,362, 3 7 15 68 15 74 12 59 76 53 23 106 Pounds. Each. Each. Each. Sets-. Pieces. Gallons. Pounds. Each. Pieces. Each_. Each. Each. Each. Each. Each. Each- Each. Each. Each. Each. .. .Cases Pounds. Sq.yd yd. Sq. Each. Dozen. Dozen. Dozen. Dozen. ______Louis ______St. chemical compounds. chemical Canned fruits and vegetables______fruits Canned Miscellaneous tags______license Auto tireChains, of Baskets Baskets (fruit) Boxes______Repairs cloth Bags, Chairs, upholstered______Chairs, Castings signs)(road Castings Benches______Chairs Coffee, roasted______Coffee, Cotton yardgoods, light______Millwork Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc chiffoniers, Bureaus, Pillowcases______Sheets Stepladders Chains, miscellaneous Chains, wire Galvanized Tin cans Envelopes______Miscellaneous Towels______Miscellaneous Tinware Miscellaneous Davenports, sofas, etc Davenports, sofas, Deodorants, Deodorants, disinfectants, and related Miscellaneous Letterheads Tables Woolyard goods______Desks______See footnotes at end of table. of end at footnotes See (machine work). (machine and signs. Wood products______Paint______and binding Printing Laundry, commercial Metal products: Miscellaneous Furniture: Furniture: Wood______Other manufactured products______manufactured Other Soap and other detergents: detergents: otherand Soap Soap Metal products: Tags, highway markers, Textile products______Textiles______Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs Bank K2 408102 *0

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e A .— Kind, q u a n t i t y , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued o NEW JERSEY—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system

age 0 194 STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON num­ ber of Public works and Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PRISON Total 355 $520,300 $520,300 Bakery products, commercial Pounds _ 7 616,478 21,577 616,478 21, 577 Clothing-- ______125 Aprons ______Dozen _ 8 67 8 67 Coats, w ork ______Dozen.. 236 9,680 236 9,680 Hats and caps . . Dozen _ 73 306 73 306 Overalls______Dozen... — 504 10,390 504 10,390 Overcoats ______Each. 750 5,814 750 5,814 Pants, work______Dozen . 2,744 43,796 2,744 43,796 Shoes, new ______Pairs... 16,381 57,335 16,381 57,335 Suits ______Each ._ 1,662 12,911 1,662 12,911 Miscellaneous______(9 435 (9 435 Furniture: Wood______33 Benches... ______Each 148 2,167 148 2,167 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 64 1,497 64 1,497 Chairs, upholstered______Each 4 56 4 56 Desks _ . ... Each 72 2,371 72 2,371 Tables Each 368 6,358 368 6,358 Miscellaneous.. ______0) 717 (9 717 Metal products: Auto license tags Each___ 68 2,369,465 196,666 2,369,465 196, 666 Paint Gallons. 3 7, 366 9,779 7, 366 9, 779 Printing and binding 66 Envelopes Each 1,691,000 5,950 1,691,000 5, 950 Letterheads Each 504,000 1,630 504,000 1,630 Miscellaneous (9 35,678 (9 35,678 Soap and other detergents: Soap _____ Pounds. 15 660,689 50,386 660, 689 50,386 Wood products ______6 Boxes Each 9 102 9 102 M illwork Pieces 198 1,320 198 1,320 Miscellaneous (9 764 (9 764 Other manufactured products _ _ 9 Coffee, roasted Pounds. 169,875 21,354 169, 875 21,354 13, 763Deodorants, disinfectants, and(9 related 13, 763 (9 13, 763Deodorants, chemical compounds.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs 23 0) 7, 431 0) 7, 431 (machine work). STATE PRISON FARM— BORDENTOWN Tnta.1 168 111, 548 94,673 $16, 875 ______--- ______— Clay, cement, and stone p rodu cts __ 10 Con nr At a blocks E ach. _ 27,135 3,020 27,135 3,020 OfmnrAtA pnsts E ach ___ 30 50 30 50 (0 - 82 0) 82 Pairs 25 17, 350 14, 279 17,350 14, 279 CnnstrnVtinn! Buildings E ach ___ 10 1 16,875 1 16.875 Farm: Dairy 21 9, 766 1,434 9, 766 1,434 PEDX A APPENDIX OattlA H ead 16 860 16 860 Cream ______Pounds 284 53 284 53 Milk, whole ______P ou n d s. 381,398 14,189 381,398 14,189 Miscellaneous (0 1,582 0) 1, 582 Farm: Field crops and garden 77 Beets, mangel ______240 2,395 240 2,395 Corn, field _ ___ Bushels . 2,901 1,786 2,901 1, 786 Ensilage ______Tons 632 5,690 632 5,690 H ay Tons 100 2, 490 100 2, 490 Potatoes B ushels. 19, 619 14,094 19,619 14,094 ---- M is c e lla n e o u s ______) 12,962 12,962 0 (0 TABLES GENERAL Farm : H ogs 5 H op's H ead 273 5, 563 273 5, 563 Pork, dressed ______Pounds _ 52,383 5,465 52,383 5,465 Farm: Miscellaneous ______0) 282 0) 282 Furniture: M etal ______(2) W asteha-slr ets Each 339 170 339 170 Metal products ______20 Calva/niy.ed ware Pieces 3, 573 5,259 3, 573 5, 259 Tinw are ______Pieces 1,557 1,101 1,557 1,101 M i seel la.n eons 0) 1,867 0) 1,867 STATE PRISON FARM— LEESBURG T o ta l______110 126,159 126,159 ______= = = = = — Bakery products, commercial______Pounds. 3 175,196 7,006 175,196 7,006 Farm: Cattle______7 Beef, dressed______Pounds . 7,422 1,100 7, 422 1,100 Cattle . ______Head 31 1, Oil 31 1, Oil Miscellaneous. ______0) 1,200 0) 1,200 Farm: Dairy ______17 Milk, whole ...... Pounds. 494,410 18,397 494, 410 18,397 Farm: Field crops and garden______... 56 Corn, fie ld ..______Bushels . 3, 227 1,202 3, 227 1,202 H a y ______Tons . . 814 6,759 814 6, 759 Potatoes______Bushels. 10,174 7,477 10,174 7,477 Miscellaneous______- 0) 22, 386 0) 22, 386 See footnotes at end of table. h-1

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued •

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison farm—leesburg—continued 3 Hogs______Head 230 $3, 808 230 $3,808 Pork, dressed.______Pounds. 31,050 2,795 31,050 2, 795 Miscellaneous______0) 225 0) 225 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 24 25,926 52,793 25,926 52, 793 and vegetables. STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total - ______128 70, 560 70, 560 Clothing ______62 Aprons . ______Dozen.. 54 268 54 268 Coats, w ork______Dozen 6 29 6 29 Dresses ______- Each 1, 474 1, 277 1, 474 1, 277 Labor only. - ______0) 120 0) 120 Overalls. ----- ______Dozen.. 25 322 25 322 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 339 2,956 339 2,956 Shirts, dress -. - ______Dozen 191 871 191 871 Shirts, work______Dozen 2,765 19,906 2,765 19,906 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______- Dozen. . — 649 2,665 649 2,665 Underwear, women’s and children’s.. . Dozen 47 256 47 256 Miscellaneous ______0) 2,826 0) 2, 826

Farm: Cattle -- ______. 4 1940 Beef, dressed ______Pounds . 1, 377 205 1, 377 205 Cattle ______Head... — 23 1,153 23 1,153 Miscellaneous ______0) 340 0) 340 Farm: Dairy ______7 Milk, whole _ _ _ Pounds 217, 262 8,082 217, 262 8, 082 Farm: Field crops and garden______33 Hay Tons 36 733 36 733 Potatoes Bushels 962 577 962 577 Wheat Bushels. 80 48 80 48 Miscftllanenns 0) 6, 761 0) 6,761 Farm: Hogs______3 Hogs______Head__ 104 2. 250 104 2, 250

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pork, dressed______Pounds. 11,900 1, 220 11, 900 1,220 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Eggs------Dozen... 7, 745 2,064 7, 745 2,064 Poultry, dressed...... Pounds. 4,175 826 4,175 826 Poultry, live______Head__ 804 1,206 804 1,206 Laundry, commercial______Pounds. 453, 295 13, 599 453,295 13, 599 STATE REFORMATORY—RAHWAY Total______270, 591 270, 591 Clothing______Coats, work______Dozen. 16 275 16 275 Overalls______Dozen. 39 742 39 742 Overcoats______Each.. 2,579 15,061 2,579 15,061 Pants, work------Dozen. 28 427 28 427 A APPENDIX Shoes, new______Pairs .. 11,974 35,922 11, 974 35,922 Suits______Each.. 4,114 23, 747 4,114 23, 747 Farm: Dairy______Cattle______Head__ 18 1,170 18 1,170 Milk, whole______Pounds. 374, 941 13,947 374,941 13,947 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 3, 960 597 3,960 597 Miscellaneous------0) 1,580 0) 1, 580 Farm: Field crops and garden..

Hay------Tons. <79 2,002 79 2,002 ---- Miscellaneous______0) 10, 442 0) 10,442 Farm: Hogs______TABLES GENERAL Hogs______Each__ 372 4,828 372 4,828 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 29,465 2,972 29,465 2,972 Do______0) 306 0) 306 Miscellaneous______0) 1,121 « 1,121 Furniture: Metal______Beds______Each. 735 6,047 735 6,047 Tables______Each. 7 88 7 88 Miscellaneous______0) 1,528 0) 1, 528 Furniture: Wood______Benches______Each 197 1, 738 197 1, 738 Chairs______Each. 2,263 13, 231 2,263 13,231 Davenports, sofas, etc____ Each 323 7,268 323 7, 268 Tables______Each 55 1, 437 55 1,437 Miscellaneous______0) 1,641 0) 1,641 Metal products: Miscellaneous. Castings.______Each__ 1,790 6, 922 1,790 6,922 Do______Each__ 2,030 19,625 2,030 19,625 Chains, tire______Sets___ 1,896 11,416 1,896 11,416 Chains, miscellaneous____ (0 979 (0 979 Repairs______0) 270 0) 270 Printing and binding______Envelopes______Each. 2,163,500 9, 980 2,163, 500 9,980 Letterheads______Each. 872,500 2,418 872, 500 2,418 Miscellaneous______o5 11, 573 0) 11, 573 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— K ind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, i 940, by State, system, and institution— Continued NEW JERSEY—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE REFORMATORY—RAHWAY—continued Textiles _ __ 59 Cotton yard goods, light _ _ _ . Sq. yd 105,280 $35,835 105,280 $35,835 ______yardSq. goods yd. 6,065 11, 524 6,065 11, 524Wool Textile products ______II Bags, cloth _ _ . ______Dozen 797 2, 257 797 2.257 5,686Towels _1,053 Dozen5,686 1,053 5,686Towels Wood products (2) Stepladders Each 58 270 58 270 Other manufactured products _ _ 8 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 1,963 3, 588 1,963 3, 588 Miscellaneous 0) 131 (!) 131 STATE REFORMATORY—ANNANDALE Total______r 204 124,886 113,886 $11,000 Clothing ______48 Aprons ______Dozen 6 39 6 39 Belts ______Dozen 125 350 125 350 Coats, work ______Dozen 31 1,224 31 1.224 Labor only ______0) . 7,251 0) 7, 251 Pajamas and nightgowns.. ______Dozen 27 333 27 333 Pants, work ... . ______Dozen 58 933 58 933 Shirts, work ______Dozen 69 1,030 69 1,030 1940 Shoes repaired ______Pairs 7,157 5, 244 7,157 5, 244 Construction: Miscellaneous______61 0) 11,000 (9 11,000 Farm: Dairy ______. 14 Beef, dressed ______Pounds _ 13,077 1,282 13,077 1,282 Cattle _ _ __ Head 51 4,420 51 4, 420 Milk, whole . _ . . . Pounds. 874,304 26,382 874,304 26,382 Miscellaneous (0 4,136 0) 4,136 ’Farm* Field crops and garden 45 Corn, field Bushels . 2,636 1,046 2,636 1,046 Ensilage Tons 778 7,004 778 7,004 Hay______Tons___ 93 1,206 93 1,206

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Bushels 2,119 1, 539 2,119 1, 539 Straw ______Tons .. 69 884 69 884 Bushels. 1,950 1,210 1,950 1,210 0) 8,084 (0 8,084 Farm: Hogs - _____- 2 Head... 191 4,485 191 4,485 49,039 4,868 49,039 4,868Pounds. Farm: Poultry and poultry products___ - 1 Dozen. 5, 671 1,477 5,671 1,477 Poultry ____._ 0) 1, 222 0) 1, 222 Metal products: Tin cans . ____ Each__ 1 15,000 150 15,000 150 Printing and binding _ _ ___ 18 Envelopes _ _ __ Each 1, 507,700 3,671 1, 507, 700 3,671 Letterheads _ _ __ _ Each . 19, 500 57 19, 500 57 Miscellaneous __ 0) 5,007 0) 5,007 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX 1 Pillowcases _ _ Dozen 24 86 24 86 Sheets _ _ _ _ _ Dozen 29 257 29 257 Towels- - __ . ______Dozen 78 231 78 231 Miscellaneous 0) 108 0) 108 Wood products: Baskets (fruit) Each__ 1 14,050 843 14,050 843 Other manufactured products 12 Canned fruits and vegetables ...... Cases 9,212 17,827 9,212 17,827

NEW MEXICO

PENITENTIARY OF NEW MEXICO Total______274 $85, 242 $32, 741 $30, 000 $22, 501 Clav, cement, and stone products 89 Brick. ______M _____ 840 8, 521 840 8, 521 Building tile______Each__ 336,010 13, 980 336,010 13,980 Clothing...... ______29 Aprons . _ . ______. Dozen 9 27 9 27 Coats, work ... ______Dozen 31 372 31 372 Hats and caps .. ___... ______. Dozen 37 44 37 44 Overalls ______. Dozen 7 63 7 63 Pants, work. _ . . . _ Dozen _ 157 1,178 157 1,178 Shirts, work Dozen 177 956 177 956 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen - 186 558 186 558 Construction: Buildings __ ...... __ Each___ 10 1 30, 000 i 30,000 Farm: Dairy. ______2 Milk, whole .... ______Pounds. 76, 746 3, 570 76, 746 3, 570 Farm: Field crops and garden_____ ...... 105 Corn, field.. _ . . . Bushels. 1,200 720 1, 200 720 Ensilage Tons... 18 36018 360 Miscellaneous______0) 543 0) 543 See footnotes at end o f table. ■<1 Cn

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued NEW MEXICO-Continued 0>

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­

ber of Public works and 40 19 STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON' Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em- ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

penitentiary of new Mexico—continued Farm: Hogs______3 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 2,712 $325 2,712 $325 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. 1 Eggs------Dozen. 737 184 737 184 Furniture: Other than metal or wood. 30 Mattresses______Each___ Q1 9 6,840 Q1 9 6, 840 Metal products: Auto license tags___ Each___ 2 305,024 15, 251 305,024 15, 251 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous. 3 (0 1, 750 0) 1, 750

NEW YORK

ALL INSTITUTIONS Totai ______4, 315 $2, 712,861 $2, 532, 772 $179, 700 $389 ======Brooms, brushes, and mops ___ 121 Brooms . . . . Dozen . 5, 950 47,179 5,950 47,179 Brushes ______Dozen. _ 5, 879 31, 580 5,879 31, 580 Mops ______Each__ 1,176 343 1,176 343 Clothing, other than knit______803 Aprons ______.. Dozen 341 1.434 341 1.434 Bathrobes ______Dozen _ 76 1, 511 76 1,511 Coats, dress ______Each 1,326 6,162 1, 326 6,162 Coats, work ______Dozen _ 928 26,125 928 26,125 Dresses ______Each 20,808 12, 317 20,808 12,317 Gloves and m ittens______Doz. pr. 2,906 10,324 2,906 10, 324 Handkerchiefs ______Dozen. 3,471 2.435 3,471 2.435 Hats and caps ______Dozen 1, 349 7,631 1,349 7,631 Overalls ___ .. Dozen. _ 538 9,819 538 9,819 Overcoats ______Each___ 4, 869 30,914 4,869 30^914 Pajamas and nightgowns _ ____ Dozen _ 2,861 19, 679 2,861 19, 679 Pants, dress ______Each___ 5,168 18, 261 5,168 18, 261 Pants, work ______Dozen. 3,460 66, 666 3,460 66, 666 Shirts, dress.i------Dozen. 138 1,821 138 1, 821

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Dozen 4,163 31, 219 4.163 31, 219 Shoes, new______Pairs___ 105, 227 168, 746 105, 227 168, 746 Shoes repaired. ______Pairs ... 33, 775 20,975 33, 775 20,975 Suits ______- ______Each___ 5, 353 35,986 5, 353 35,986 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen.. — 3,789 20,283 3,789 20,283 Underwear\ women’s and "children’s____ Dozen.. 1,387 5,743 1,387 5,743 Miscellaneous.-______0) 8,618 0) 8,618 Clothing, knit- ______226 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr . 577 2,170 577 2,170 - Hoisery ______Doz. pr . 39,674 41,873 39, 674 41,873 Underwear______Dozen . 16,001 60,141 16,001 60,141 Miscellaneous.- ______0) 419 0) 419 Each___ 73 1 68, 568 1 68, 568 Construction: Land development 566 « 111, 132 0) 111, 132 Farm: Dairy _ __ 70 A APPENDIX Beef, dressed Pounds. 53,445 6,688 53,445 6,688 Cattle Head 198 7,817 153 7,635 45 182 Milk, whole ____ Pounds. 4,378, 726 113,835 4,378, 726 113,835 Miscellaneous 0) 2,154 0) 1,947 0) 207 Farm: Field crops and garden _ ___ 218 Apples _ __r_ ~ . ___ Bushels. 3,574 2,573 3, 574 2,573 B arley______Bushels. 150 84 150 84 Corn, field______Bushels . 1,789 1, 350 1,789 1,350 Ensilage______Tons 1,692 8,680 1,692 8,680 ---- F odd er...... ______Tons___ 519 2,750 519 2,750 Hay______Tons.. . 1,684 19,497 1,684 19,497 TABLES GENERAL Oats______Bushels. 1,800 810 1,800 810 Potatoes______Bushels . 28, 360 21, 500 28,360 21, 500 Straw______. Tons _. 225 1,800 225 1,800 Wheat______Bushels . 2,336 2,081 2,336 2,081 B ush els.Miscellaneous.-. ______Bushels.Miscellaneous.-. 0) 54,014 0) 54,014 Farm: Hogs ______. . . __ _ 23 Hogs______Head__ 444 1,938 444 1,938 Pork, dressed.. ______Pounds. 319, 206 33,032 319, 206 33,032 Miscellaneous.- .- ______0) 360 0) 360 Farm: Poultry and poultry products_____ 19 Eggs.. ----- r_ Dozen. _ 37, 044 9, 722 37,044 9, 722 Poultry, dressed _. ______Pounds. 24, 215 4,885 24,215 4,885 Poultry, live. ___ ... ______Head _ _ 110 58 110 58 Miscellaneous______... 0) 106 0) 106 Farm: Miscellaneous______Each. . (2) 0) 11 (0 11 Furniture: M etal-., ______149 Beds______2,790 24,443 2,790 24,443 Bedsprings. . ______... Each__ 2,692 6,057 2,692 6,057 Benches.-. ______Each___ 489 1, 537 489 1, 537 Cabinets______Each ... 515 12,166 515 12,166 Chairs. ______Each ... 1,141 1,973 1,141 1,973 Crib sides______Each___ 250 1,000 250 1,000 Desks______Pairs___ 2 32 2 32 Document files .______Each ... 4,608 4, 597 4,608 4, 597 Lockers______Each___ 3, 776 34,423 3,776 34,423 See footnotes at end o f table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued ■<1 NEW YORK—Continued 00

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Furniture: Metal—Continued Shelving______(0 $12,641 0) $12,641 Tables ______1,593 22,071 1,593 22,071 Transfer cases______1,153 4,041 1,153 4,041 W astebaskets______Each 1,100 351 1,100 351 Miscellaneous______(0 1,149 0) 1,149 Furniture: Wood. ______287 Benches- _ - ______Each 419 4,558 419 4,558 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 37 936 37 936 Chairs. ______. Each 4,809 30,966 4,809 30,966 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each 278 5,845 278 5,845 Desks______Each 414 13,097 414 13,097 Stools______Each 879 1,301 870 1,301 Tables______Each 1, 514 16,919 1, 514 16,919 Wastebaskets. ____ Each 7,272 3,589 7,272 3,589 Miscellaneous ______0) 2,705 0) 2,705 Furniture: Other than metal or wood____ 103 Mattresses. ______... Each 7,249 45,973 7,249 45,973 Pillows. ______Each 3, 592 3,198 3,592 3,198 Repairs ______(0 6,555 (0 6, 555 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 151 signs. Auto license tags______Each 5,807, 542 305,828 5, 807, 542 305,828 Brackets for signs______Each 14,890 396 14, 890 396 1940 Highway markers______Each 9,028 13, 565 9, 028 13, 565 Tags, dog . ______Each 499,000 3,200 499,000 3,200 Tags, miscellaneous.______16,126 6,612 16,126 6,612 Metal products: Miscellaneous .. 127 Aluminum ware Pieces 30,959 11,865 30,959 11,865 Do 0) 1,756 0) 1,756 Galvanized ware . . . Pieces 31,016 28,613 31,016 28.613 Miscellaneous _ _ (0 4, 334 (0 ' 4, 334 Printing and binding . ______81 Bookbinding and blhnk books. _ Each 4,122 438 4,122 438 Each___ 729, 600 1,074 729, 600 1,074Envelopes______

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Each.__ 1,398,100 3,929 1,398,100 3,929 Miscellaneous. ______0) 24,988 0) 24,988 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 59 10,333 5,818 10,333 5,818 Textiles ______1,051 Cotton yard goods, heavy. _ .... Sq. yd___ 250,862 49,962 250,862 49,962 Cotton yard goods^ light ______Sq. yd... 2,223,056 287, 554 2,223,056 287, 554 Duck and canvas Sq. yd 29,379 4,533 29,379 4,533 Sq. yd 194,156 176,998 194,156 176,998 Pounds. 688,940 128, 532 688,940 128, 532 Pounds. 124,005 99, 204 124.005 99,204 (0 350 0) 350 120 Dozen. 296 363 296 363 Covers, mattress Each... 580 760 580 760 Each__ — 1,512 2, 778 1,512 2, 778 A APPENDIX Each. _ 2,976 6,013 2,976 6,013 0) 32 (0 32 Dozen. 1,773 4, 677 1,773 4,677 Dozen. 3,632 25,863 3,632 25,863 Spreads _ _ ___ Each. . 5,343 5,815 5,343 5,815 Towels _ _ ___ Dozen. 4,225 10, 539 4,225 10,539 Miscellaneous. ___ (0 6,207 (0 6,207 Wood products 44 Baskets . . . ______Each _ 481 955 481 955 ---- Handles, broom ______Each.. 57,508 3,369 57, 508 3,369 Lumber . ______Bd. ft.. 11,473 344 11,473 344 TABLES GENERAL Mill work ______0) 1,457 0) 1,457 Miscellaneous ... ______0) 1,097 0) 1,097 Other manufactured products 24 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 7,410 9,163 7,410 9,163 Do Barrels.. 57 456 57 456 Do______0) 1,380 0) 1,380 Coffee, roasted Pounds. 347.150 41,655 347,150 41,655 Tobacco, smoking and chewing Pounds. 24,422 2,270 24,422 2,270 Trucks, laundry (canvas). Each __ 2 68 2 68 Miscellaneous (0 109 (0 109 ALBION STATE TRAINING SCHOOL Total. ______51 21,159 21,159 Clothing ______22 Aprons ...... Dozen 39 99 39 99 Dresses______Each _ 1, 678 1, 232 1, 678 1, 232 Hats and caps Dozen 5 3 5 3 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 45 235 45 235 Shoes, new Pairs . 50 13 50 13 Suits Each . 1 6 1 6 Underwear, men's and boys’ Dozen 90 349 90 349 Underwear, women s and children’s Dozen 57 137 57 137 Miscellaneous______... 0) 96 0) 96 See footnotes at end of table. •<1 CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . — Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, a n d institution— C o n t i n u e d 00 NEW YORK—Continued o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and State account STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALBION STATE TRAINING SCHOOL—continued Farm: Field crops and garden______15 Hay______Tons__ 189 $2, 471 189 $2, 471 Potatoes______Bushels. 2,955 2, 216 2,955 2,216 Miscellaneous______0) 10, 546 0) 10, 546 Farm: Hogs______Hogs------Head.... 33 33 99 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 13,866 1, 348 1, 348 Farm: Poultry and poultry products.. Eggs------Dozen... 2,935 1,052 2, 935 1,052 Poultry, dressed...... Pounds. 1, 541 289 1, 541 289 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen.. 2 14 2 14 Pillowcases______Dozen- 28 50 28 50 Sheets______Dozen.. 33 369 33 369 Spreads______E a c h - 3 9 3 9 Towels..______Dozen. . 103 299 103 299 Miscellaneous______0) 227 0) 227 ATTICA PRISON Total. 788 418,143 401, 403 $16,740 Clothing...... 62 Aprons------Dozen... 26 102 26 102 Coats, work...... Dozen.. . 2 26 2 26 1940 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 8 14 8 14 Hats and caps______Dozen... 219 439 219 439 Overalls______Dozen... 3 76 3 76 Overcoats______Each___ 819 6,322 819 6,322 Pajamas and nightgowns.. Dozen... 3 28 3 28 Pants, work______D ozen - 533 9, 530 533 9, 530 Shirts, work______Dozen... 572 4,132 572 4,132 Shoes, new______Pairs___ 3, 503 7,266 3, 503 7,266 Shoes repaired...... Pairs___ 9,177 4,600 9,177 4,600 Suits______Each___ 481 3, 367 481 3, 367 M iscellaneous______0) 0) 99

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Construction: Miscellaneous______0) 16, 740 0) 16, 740 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 10,769 1, 367 10, 769 1, 367 Cattle (calves)______Head__ 62 310 62 310 Milk, whole______Pounds- 710,612 17,982 710, 612 17,982 Miscellaneous______0) 249 0) 249 Farm: Field crops and garden______Hay______Tons___ 163 1, 854 163 1,854 Potatoes______Bushels. 1 ,0507,540 10, 050 7,540 Straw______Tons___ 72 576 72 576 Wheat______Bushels. 673 673 673 673 Miscellaneous______0) 5,921 0) 5, 921 Farm: Hogs______Hogs------Head__ 138 690 138 690

Pork, dressed______Pounds. 30,649 3, 371 30, 649 3, 371 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Miscellaneous______0) 60 0) 60 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Dozen. 630 186 630 186 0) 518 0) 518 Miscellaneous______0) 40) 4 Furniture: Metal______Cabinets______Each. 515 12,166 515 12,166 Chairs______Each. 1,021 1, 787 1,021 1,787 Desks______Each. 2 32 2 32 Document files______Each. 4,608 4, 597 4,608 4, 597 Lockers______Each. 3,776 34, 423 3, 776 34, 423 ■ Shelving______0) 12, 641 0) 12,641 Tables______Each.. 1,419 6,633 1,419 6,633 Transfer cases______Each. 1,153 4,041 1,153 4,041 Miscellaneous______0) 726 0) 726 Furniture: Other than metal or wood. 14 Repairs______0) 1, 735 C1) 1,735 Metal products______Galvanized ware______Pieces. 110 173 1 1 0 173 Miscellaneous______0) 983 0) 983 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous- 0) 2, 5000) 2,500 Textiles______Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd._ 1,637,683 143,744 1, 637, 683 143, 744 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 532,393 92,210 532, 393 92, 210 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 149 111 149 111 Pillowcases______Dozen. 216 652 216 652 Sheets______Dozen. 271 J, 968 271 1,968 Spreads______Each-. 10 17 1017 Towels______Dozen. 423 529 423 529 Miscellaneous______0) 56 0) 56 Wood products______Lumber______Bd. ft. 11,473 344 ii, 4 7 3 344 Miscellaneous______0) 105 0 105 See footnotes at end of table. 00

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued 00 NEW YOEK—Continued t o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

attica prison—continued Other manufactured products______Canned fruits and vegetables___ 0) $1,003 0) $1,003 Tobacco, smoking and chewing,. Pounds. >,600 864 9,600 864 Trucks, laundry (canvas)______Each.__. 2 2 68 AUBURN PRISON Total-_ 777, 645 777, 645 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms.. Dozen- 2,795 18,945 2,795 18,945 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen.. 1 8 1 Coats, work______r. Dozen.. 42 1,865 42 1,865 Handkerchiefs______Dozen.. 76 23 76 23 Hats and caps------Dozen.. 98 637 98 637 Overalls______Dozen.. 3 58 3 58 Overcoats______Each... 131 983 131 983 Pants, work------Dozen.. 270 7,936 270 7, 936 Shirts, work—------Dozen. 217 1,519 217 1, 519 Shoes, new______Pairs. - 1,848 3, 878 1,848 3, 878 Shoes, repaired------Pairs... 5,445 2,708 5,445 2, 708 Suits______Each... 277 2,465 277 2,465 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed------— Pounds. 5,911 715 5,911 715 Cattle______H e a d - 36 540 36 540

Milk, whole______Pounds . 518, 735 14,129 518.735 14,129 1940 Miscellaneous______(0 1,014 oJ 1,014 Farm: Field crops and garden______Corn, field------Bushels. 273 197 273 197 Ensilage______Tons__ 280 1,400 280 1,400 Hay______Tons__ 146 1,752 146 1, 752 Miscellaneous------(>) 3, 395 0) 3,395 Farm: Hogs______Hogs------— H e a d - 133 399 133 399 Pork, dressed.------Pounds . 30, 388 3,413 30,388 3,413 Miscellaneous______0) 172 0) 172 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Eggs------Dozen.. 10, 541 2, 395 10, 541 2,395

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Poultry, dressed______Pounds _ 5, 769 1,170 5,769 1,170 Miscellaneous______0) 102 (0 102 Furniture: Metal______71 Beds______Each.. 2,790 24,443 2,790 24,443 Bedsprings...______Each- 2,692 6,057 2,692 6,057 Chairs______Each.. 120 186 120 186 Crib sides______Pairs.. 250 1,000 250 1,000 Tables______Each.. 173 15,431 173 15,431 Miscellaneous______0) 4 0) 4 Furniture: Wood______138 Benches______Each.. 413 4,556 413 4, 556 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each.. 37 936 37 936 Chairs______Each.. 1, 258 11,496 1, 258 11, 496 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each- 134 1,485 134 1,485 Desks______Each.. 408 12,899 408 12,899 A APPENDIX Tables______Each- 1, 389 15,432 1,389 15,432 Wastebaskets______Each.. 7,272 3,589 7, 272 3, 589 Miscellaneous______0) 1,032 0) 1,032 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each- 184 1, 260 184 1,260 Pillows______Each.. 120 110 120 110 Repairs______0) 320 0) 320 Metal products______Auto license tags______Each- 5,807, 542 305,828 5,807, 542 305,828 ---- Brackets for signs______Each.. 14,890 396 14, 890 396 Highway markers______Each.. 9,028 13, 565 9,028 13, 565 GENERAL TABLES Tags, miscellaneous______Each.. 16,126 6, 612 16,126 6, 612 Textiles______195 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd. 194,156 176,998 194,156 176,998 Yarn, wool______Pounds 124, 005 99,204 124, 005 99, 204 Textile products______Pillowcases______Dozen... 63 189 63 189 Sheets______Dozen... 112 560 112 560 Towels______Dozen- 141 297 141 297 Wood products: Baskets (willow)______Each__ 216 536 216 536 Other manufactured products: Tobacco, Pounds. 14,822 1,406 14,822 1,406 smoking and chewing. CLINTON PRISON Total__...... 437,323 368,755 $68, 568 Clothing______Coats, work______Dozen.. 345 5, 595 345 5, 595 Handkerchiefs______Dozen.. 1, 760 1, 321 1,760 1,321 Hats and caps______Dozen- 371 2, 678 371 2,678 Overalls______Dozen _. 423 8, 227 423 8,227 Overcoats______Each... 2,856 16,548 2, 856 16, 548 Pants, dress______Each... 1,332 5,994 1,332 5,994 Pants, work______Dozen.. 722 9,530 722 9,530 Shirts, work______Dozen _. 2,142 15, 423 2,142 15,423 Suits______Each... 3,120 20,112 3,120 20,112 Underwear, men’sand boys’ ______Dozen- 2,485 15,485 2, 485 15,485 Miscellaneous______0) 3,896 0) 3,896 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . — Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued NEW YORK—Continued 9?

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and State account STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

Cl in t o n p r is o n — continued Construction: Buildings ______- _ Each___ 73 1 $68,568 1 $68,568 Farm: Dairy______8 Beef, d r e s s e d . ______1. --- . Pounds. 5,077 611 5,077 $611 ...... ______._wholePounds. 741,195 18,961 741,195 18,961Milk, Farm: Field crops and garden______15 Ensilage ______Tons 425 2,125 425 2,125 Hay______Tons _. 29 174 29 174 Miscellaneous______0) 1,637 0) 1,637 Farm: Hogs______3 Pork dressed______Pounds. 52,317 5,245 52,317 5, 245 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______1 Eggs______Dozen 2,248 569 2,248 569 ____ dressedPounds. ______1,669 312 1,669 312Poultry, Textiles______453 Cotton yard goods, heavy______Sq. yd 576,888 143,145 576,888 143,145 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq.yd. 250,862 49,962 250, 862 49,962 Duck and canvas______Sq.yd _ 37,773 4,533 37, 773 4,533 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 156,547 36,322 156,547 36,322 Miscellaneous...... 0) 350 0) 350 DANNEMORA STATE HOSPITAL Total--______24 11,844 11,844

Clothing, other than knit...... 10 1940 Coate, dress______Each___ 372 1,116 372 1,116 Hats and caps______Dozen. 64 306 64 306 Overalls______Dozen. _ 13 119 13 119 Pants, dress______Each___ 257 638 257 638 Shirts, work______Dozen... 72 602 72 602 Shoes, new______Pairs___ 487 929 487 929 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ...... Dozen... 137 660 137 660 Miscellaneous______0) 616 0) 616 Clothing, knit: H o s ie r y .______Doz. pr. 5 600 1,039 600 1,039 Farm: Field crops and garden______4 Hay...... ______Tons___ 53 530 53 530

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis O l APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES 00

7 5 8 0 11 2 5 1 1 5 2 6 6 3 655 0 3 1 2 8 2 3 5 5 2 7 34 9 3 6 7 26 88 6 7 4 0 5 7 9 9 5 1 4 9 6 6 9 2 6 2 5 2 1 2 8 6 8 4 6 1 0 7 5 0 3 6 4 , 7 7 1 1 , 3 0 9 11 ,1 , 2 , 3 2 6 4 9 3 6 5 1 1 . 5 9 3 1 , 0 2 9 1 , 0 7 3 3 , 4 9 0 3 , 9 4 8 7 , 5 6 7 3 , 6 9 7 1 1 , 6 2 9 1 1 , 3 8 0 1 2 9 , 5 5 6

6 10 557 8 0 5 8 5 7 6 4 0 5 5 86 1 2 5 1 6 3 11 7 9 1 2 120 5 9 3 7 0 2 2 4 6 69 9 1 3 7 2 3 6 2 7 9 3 6 0 1 4 0 1 2 7 ) 1 , 3 0 8 3 , 5 7 9 3 , 3 6 3 6 , 6 4 3 5 , 6 2 4 1 , 3 3 4 (0 (0 (0 (0 0 (0 3 7 , 3 7 3 4 4 4 , 8 6 1

7 5 11 8 0 2 5 1 1 5 5 2 7 23 6 9 6 6 55 3 1 2 8 4 3 7 2 8 7 5 1 4 3 6 0 72 9 3 9 5 9 2 6 698 6 6 4 0 6 5 6 8 4 26 5 1 2 0 1 2 8 7 5 0 3 6 4 1 , 0 2 9 11 ,1 , 7 3 , 7 6 4 1 3 6 5 1 , 5 9 3 1 , 0 7 3 11 , , 3 2 0 2 9 9 3 , 4 9 0 3 , 9 4 8 7 , 5 6 7 3 , 6 9 7 1 1 , 6 2 9 1 1 , 3 8 0 1 2 9 , 5 5 6

6 10 7 5 7 6 5 8 8 5 5 0 4 0 5 5 8 0 1 71 1 2 5 1 9 2 7 0 2 1 6 3 2 7 9 5 9 3 120 2 4 6 2 3 6 69 9 1 3 7 ) 3 6 0 1 4 0 1 2 7 ) ) ) ) 0 1 , 3 0 8 33 , 5 , 3 7 6 9 3 6 , 6 4 3 5 , 6 2 4 1 , 3 3 4 0 0 (0 0 d 0 3 7 . 3 7 3 4 4 4 , 8 6 1 4 4 2 4 8 (2) __ Each.. Each.. Bushels . Bushels Each... Dozen.. Each... Pairs... Pairs... Each... Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen- Dozen.. Dozen- Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Pounds. Bushels. Pounds. H e a d - Pounds. Tons.... Bushels. Bushels. Doz. pr.. Doz. Pounds. Head D ozen- . _ _ ...... ------...... ______...... _____ - _____ ...... ------______. _ ------______------______...... ____ ...... ------______...... ______...... ______. _____ ------..... ______------______...... ______...... ______------...... ______...... ______------ELMIRA REFORMATORY ELMIRA Louis ______------St. Potatoes Miscellaneous Mattresses Pillowcases—...... Sheets...... — Miscellaneous...... Coats, work Coats, dress Coats, Overalls Pillows. Towels.. Brooms Brushes Shoes, new______Shoes, Aprons.. nightgowns and Pajamas dress______Pants, work______Pants, work Shirts, repaired Shoes Suits Handkerchiefs caps and Hats Miscellaneous dressed Beef, Milk, whole______Miscellaneous...... Corn, Corn, field Miscellaneous Pork, dressed Hay Potatoes Wheat of Hogs------Miscellaneous Eggs Poultry, dressed See See footnotes at end of table. ‘ ‘ Cattle Furniture: Other than metal or wood.or metal than Furniture: Other Clothing, other than knit.than Clothing, other Textile products Clothing, knit: Clothing, Hosiery Total. mopsand Brooms, brushes, Farm: Farm: Dairy Farm: Farm: and garden Field crops Farm: Farm: Hogs Farm: Farm: Poultry poultry and products.. Farm: Farm: Miscellaneous......

4 0 8 1 0 2 ° — 4 2 - Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ T a b l e A.— K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , fry State, system , emd institution — Continued 00 NEW YORK—Continued oa

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and 1940 STATES, UNITE© THE IN LABORPRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ELMIRA REFORMATORY—continued Furniture: Metal ______3 Tables______... Each 1 $7 1 $7 Miscellaneous ______(9110 (9 110 Furniture: Wood ______... 15 Benches______Each___ 6 2 6 2 Chairs. ______Each___ 106 270 106 270 Desks...... Each___ 6 198 6 198 Tables______Each___ 12 96 12 96 Miscellaneous ______.. . . . ___ (9 480 (9 480 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______17 Mattresses______Each 769 6,537 769 6,537 Pillows______Each __ 880 796 880 796 Metal p r o d u c t s ______20 Galvanized ware______Pieces __ 488 392 488 392 Miscellaneous ______.. ______(9 498 (9 498 Printing and binding______35 Bookbinding and blank books ______Each 4,122 438 4,122 438 Envelopes ______Each _ 500 1500 1 Letterheads. ______Each___ 207,350 550 207,350 550 Miscellaneous ______(9 9,030(9 9,030 Textile products______13 Bags, cloth______Dozen... 7 25 7 25 Labor only______(9 32 (9 32 Pillowcases______.. Dozen. _ 139 499139 499 Sheets______Dozen. 257 1,644 257 1,644 ______Each___ 123 154 123 154Spreads Towels______... Dozen. __ 900 4,275 900 4,275 Miscellaneous ______(9724 (9 724 Wood products: Miscellaneous______(2) (9 8 (9 8 Other manufactured products______10 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases 1,877 2,257 1,877 2,257 Coffee, roasted ______Pounds. 347,150 41,655 347,150 41, 655 ...... (9 109Miscellaneous (9 109

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis GREAT MEADOW PRISON Total______284 73,110 73,110 Clothing, other than knit ______50 Aprons _. ______20 85 20 85 Coats, work „ ______Dozen.. 2 72 2 72 Hats and caps ______Dnzpn 79 417 79 417 Overcoats _ . ______391 2,300 391 2,300 Pants, work-.. -______Dozen... 381 8,575 381 8,575 Shirts, work—, ______Dozen,. _ 143 861 143 861 Shoes, new-. . ______.. Pairs... 1,770 3, 540 1,770 3,540 Shoesrepaired Pairs 3,510 3, 510 3,510 3, 510 Suits.- ______Each__ 380 2,660 380 2,660 Miscellaneous ____ 0) 47 0) 47 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz.pr.. 2 1,038 623 1,038 623 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Farm: Dairy____ ’ . _____ 8 Cattle ” ______Head .. 8 1,000 8 1,000 Milk? whole ______Pounds 340,282 9,496 340,282 9,496 Farm: Field crops and garden______12 Ensilage______Tons___ 100 500 100 500 Hay______Tons___ 247 2,110 247 2,110 Miscellaneous __ __ (0 2,128 0) 2,128 Farm: Hogs . ______3 Pork, dressed - ______Pounds. 11,176 1, 285 11,176 1,285 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 2 Eggs -. ____ Dozen 3,861 1,081 3,861 1,081 Poultry, dressed - ______Pounds. 1,600 336 1,600 336 Furniture: Wood ______114 Chairs ______Each... 3,144 16,106 3,144 i6,106 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each... 130 3,900 130 3,900 Stools. ______-_ --. . Each _ 879 1,301 879 1,301 Tables ______-______Each__ 18 108 18 108 • Miscellaneous ____ _ 0) 709 (0 709 Furniture: Other than metal or wood._ _ .. 12 Mattresses ______Each .. 256 2,048 256 2,048 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 53 3,583 3,318 3,583 3,318 Textile products ______28 Doormats______Each__ 1, 512 2, 778 1, 512 2, 778 Pillowcases______Dozen. _. 53 191 53 191 Sheets . ______- . Dozen . 114 616 114 616 Spreads______Each... 19 8 19 8 Towels _____ - ______Dozen... 715 858 715 858 Miscellaneous______(0 543 (0 543 See footnotes at end of table.

00

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued 00 NEW YORK—Continued o o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and 1940 STATES, D E T I N U E H T IN R O B A L PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

INSTITUTION FOR MALE DEFECTIVE DELINQUENTS 240 $72,951 $72, 924 $.27 Brooms, brushes, and mops______11 Brooms ______1______Dozen. __ 101 657 101 657 ______Each.. _ 1,176 343 1,176 343Mops Clothing ______70 Coats, work ______Dozen 60 2,655 60 2,655 Handkerchiefs______Dozen 461 271 451 271 Hats and caps______Dozen 65 393 65 393 Overalls - ______Dozen 15 150 15 150 Overcoats ______Each _ 48 264 48 264 Pants, w ork______Dozen.. 197 4,312 197 4,312 Shirts, dress______Dozen.. 138 1,821 138 1,821 Shirts, work __ _ _ Dozen 110 1,318 110 1,318 Shoes, new ______Pairs 1,511 3,092 1,511 3,092 Shoes repaired - - -- _____ Pairs 2,012 1,207 2,012 1,207 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ____ Dozen 156 468 156 468 Miscellaneous ______. 0) 671 0) 671 Farm’ Hairy 4 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 2,836 344 2,836 344 Hattie - ______-- - __ Head . 6 900 6 900 Milk wbolft Pounds. 369, 531 9,035 369, 531 9,035 Miscellaneous ______0) 27 0) 27 Farm* Field ornps and garden 24 Corn, field ______Bushels. 450 389 450 389 Ensilage - ______Tons___ 300 1,500 300 1,500 Fodder Tons 78 436 78 436 Hay - - - - Tons 53 636 53 636 Potatoes Bushels. 1,490 1,250 1,490 1, 250 Wheat Bushels. 310 310 310 310 Miscella™™1*5 - - .0) 3,469 0) 3,469 Farm* Hogs - __ _ 1 Port dre^sftd ______Pounds. 10,611 1,167 10, 611 1,167 Farm* Poultry and poultry products 1 Eggs Dozen.. 2,064 514 2,064 514 Poultry, dressed ------Pounds. 952 190 952 190

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Furniture: Other than metal or wood: Mat­ E ach... 273 2,457 273 2,457 tresses. Metal products: Miscellaneous______Aluminum ware______(0 1,756 0) 1,756 D o______Pieces. 30.959 11,965 30,959 11,865 Galvanized ware______Pieces. 19,740 7, 526 19, 740 7,526 Miscellaneous______0) 1,156 0) 1,156 Textiles: Cotton yard goods, light------Sq. yd.. 1,942 665 1,942 665 Textile products______Pillowcases______Dozen. 80 179 80 179 Sheets------Dozen. 96 460 96 460 Towels______Dozen. 352 1,054 352 1,054 Wood products______Baskets______Each. 265 419 265 419 Handles, broom______Each. 57,508 3, 369 57, 508 3,369 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Millwork______0) 1,457 0) 1,457 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 2,267 2, 799 2,267 2,799 and vegetables. MATTEAWAN STATE HOSPITAL Total______93,461 93,204 257 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen.. 80 191 80 191 Coats, work______Dozen.. 174 3,882 174 3,882 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr 53 158 53 158 Overcoats______Each... 114 627 114 627 Pajamas and nightgowns.. Dozen.. 28 184 28 184 Pants, work______Dozen.. 193 2,649 193 2,649 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 150 991 150 991 Shoes, new______Pairs... 215 338 215 338 Shoes repaired______Pairs.... 1,901 1,331 1,901 1, 331 Suits______Each.... 117 644 117 644 Miscellaneous______0) 364 0) 364 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 15,559 1,998 15,559 1,998 Cattle______Head— . 47 3, 738 24 3,600 23 138 Milk, whole______Pounds . 947, 683 24, 792 947,683 24, 792 Miscellaneous______(0 119 0) 119 Farm: Field crops and garden. Corn, field______Bushels. 106 80 106 80 Ensilage______Tons___ 367 1,835 367 1,835 Fodder______Tons___ 110 440 110 440 Hay______Tons___ 414 4,140 414 4,140 Potatoes______Bushels. 5,229 3,559 5,229 3,559 Straw______Tons___ 98 784 98 784 Wheat______Bushels. 1,273 1,018 1,273 1,018 Miscellaneous______0) 10, 253 0) 10,253 Farm: Hogs______Pork, dressed______Pounds. 98,292 1 9,955 I 98,292 9,955 See footnotes at end of table. 00 CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis CO T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued o NEW YORK—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system

age STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON num­ ber of Public works and State account Piece price Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

matteawan state hospital—continued Farm: Poultry and poultry products .. _ 3 Eggs...... _ _ Dozen 10,266 $2,809 10,266 $2,809 Poultry, dressed Pounds. 9,597 1,895 9,597 1,895 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 4 Mattresses ______Each 660 5,610 660 5,610 Pillows __ Each 350 525 350 525 Textile products 5 Pillowcases Dozen 240 433 240 433 Sheets ... _ ... Dozen 392 3,766 392 3, 766 Towels ______Dozen 812 2,060 812 2,060 Miscellaneous______. _ (9 623 (9 623 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 1 1,298 1, 670 1,298 1, 670 and vegetables. SING SING PRISON Total______1,049 563,662 469, 270 $94,392 Brooms, brushes, and mops... ______79 Brooms______Dozen 2,891 26, 504 2,891 26,504 Brushes______Dozen 5,643 31,066 5,643 31,066 Clothing, other than knit ... __ 205

Bathrobes ______Dozen 76 1,511 76 1,511 1940 Coats, work ______D zen 212 9,412 212 9,412 Gloves and mittens Doz. pr_ 2,837 10,127 2,837 10,127 Doz enHats and caps______DozenHats 250 1,438 250 1,438 Over coats __ .. ______Each 450 3,600 450 3,600 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 118 722 118 722 Pants, work. ______... Dozen 924 19,603 924 19, 603 Shirts, w ork______.. Dozen 339 2,538 339 2,538 Shoes, new Pairs 93, 200 144, 942 93, 200 144,942 Shoes repaired Pairs 6,864 5,148 6,864 5,148 Suits . Each 628 5,024 628 5,024 Underwear, women’s and children’s Dozen 1,179 5,197 1,179 5,197 Miscellaneous______(9 71 (9 71

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Clothing, knit______Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 577 2,170 577 2,170 Hosiery______Doz. pr. 36,728 38,576 36,728 38,576 Underwear______Dozen... 16,001 60,141 16,001 60,141 Miscellaneous______(9 419 (9 419 Construction: Land development______(9 94, 392 (9 94,392 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------Dozen... 1,400 294 1,400 294 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 208 46 208 46 Furniture: Metal______Benches______Each. 489 1,537 489 1,537 Wastebaskets______Each. 1,100 351 1,100 351 Miscellaneous______(9 309 o5 309 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each. 4,936 27,032 4,936 27,032 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Pillows______Each. 2,050 1,652 2,050 * 1,652 Repairs______(9 4,500 cJ 4,500 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Tags, dog______Each. 499,000 3,200 499,000 3,200 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Galvanized ware______10,678 20, 522 10.678 20,522 Miscellaneous______0) 1,697 (>J 1,697 Printing and binding______Envelopes______Each. 729,100 1,073 729,100 1,073 Letterheads______Each. 1,190,750 3, 379 1,190,750 3, 379 Miscellaneous______(9 13,458 (9 13,458 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons. 6,750 2,500 6,750 2,500 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 127 159 127 159 Flags______Each.. 2,976 6,013 2,976 6,013 Pillowcases______Dozen. 100 239 100 239 Sheets______Dozen. 349 2,857 349 2,857 Spreads______Each.. 5,106 5,589 5,106 5,589 Towels______Dozen. 250 300 250 300 Miscellaneous______C1) 3,370 3,370 Wood products: Miscellaneous______(9 984 8 984 WALLKILL PRISON Total______28,690 28,665 $25 Clothing______Aprons______Dozen.. 21 125 21 125 Coats, work______Dozen.. 10 250 10 250 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 8 25 8 25 Pajamas and nightgowns___ Dozen.. 4 25 4 25 Pants, work______Dozen.. 40 473 40 473 Underwear, men’s and boys’ . Dozen.. 38 91 38 91 Miscellaneous______(9 311 <9 311 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued co NEW YORK—Continued t o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

w allkill prison—continued Farm: Dairy______6 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 2,813 $394 2,813 $394 Cattle______H ead... 2 300 2 300 Milk, whole______Pounds. 89,767 2,366 89,767 2,366 Miscellaneous______0) 25 0) $25 Farm: Field crops and garden___ 18 Apples.------Bushels . 3,574 2,573 3,574 2,573 Corn, field______Bushels. 600 432 600 432 Fodder______Tons___ 291 1, 714 291 1,714 Hay------Tons___ 125 1,860 125 1,860 Oats______Bushels. 1,200 540 1,200 540 Potatoes. ------Bushels . 2,021 1,819 2,021 1,819 Straw______*------Tons___ 15 120 15 120 Miscellaneous______0) 5,032 0) 5,032 Farm: Hogs------3 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 16,242 1,624 16,242 1, 624 Furniture: Wood------20 Chairs______Each. 301 3,094 301 3,094 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each. 14 460 14 460 Tables...... Each. 95 1,283 95 1,283 Miscellaneous...... 0) 484 0) 484 Other manufactured products------4 Canned fruits and vegetables. Cases. 1,360 1,890 1,360 1,890 Do...... 0) 1,380 0) 1,380 1940 WESTFIELD STATE FARM (REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN) Total 26 4,341 4,341 Clothing______21 Aprons. ------Dozen. _ 88 412 88 412 Coats, dress...... Each___ 186 1,066 186 1,066 Dresses...... — Each___ 2,053 1, 278 2,053 1,278 Hats and caps------Dozen. _ 6 10 6 10 Pajamas and nightgowns. Dozen. _ 67 315 67 315

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Underwear, women’s and children’s___ Dozen. 129 313 129 313 Miscellaneous______370 370 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 10 48 10 48 Pillowcases______Dozen. 42 76 42 76 Sheets______Dozen. 22 99 22 99 Towels______Dozen. 64 136 64 136 Miscellaneous______218 218 WESTFIELD STATE FARM (PRISON FOR WOMEN) Total______48,697 48,697 Clothing______53 Aprons______Dozen. 26 125 26 125 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Coats, dress______Each... 70 490 70 490 Coats, work______Dozen. 36 480 36 480 Dresses______Each... 17,077 9,807 17,077 9,807 Hats and caps______Dozen. 5 8 5 8 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 2,538 17,750 2,538 17,750 Pants, work______Dozen. 1 11 1 11 Shirts, work______Dozen. 97 1,164 97 1,164 Suits______Each... 148 176 148 176 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 750 3,022 750 3,022 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen. 22 96 22 96 Miscellaneous______0) 1,159 0) 1,159 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 1 6 1 6 Covers, mattress______Each... 580 760 580 760 Pillowcases______Dozen. 639 1,661 639 1,661 Sheets______Dozen. 1,773 11,968 1,773 11,968 Towels..______Dozen. 3 5 3 5 Miscellaneous______0) 9 0) 9 WOODBURNE INSTITUTION FOR DEFECTIVE DELINQUENTS Total______32, 279 32,199 80 Clothing______Coats, work______Dozen.. 39 1,813 39 1,813 Handkerchiefs______Dozen.. 267 160 267 160 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 67 336 67 336 Overalls______Dozen.. 23 344 23 344 Overcoats______Each... 60 270 60 270 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen.- 8 60 8 60 Pants, work______Dozen.. 124 2,738 124 2,738 Shirts, work______Dozen- 75 900 75 900 Shoes, new______Pairs.. . 2,050 3, 519 2,050 3, 519 Shoes repaired------Pairs... 1,500 1,125 1, 500 1,125 Suits______Each... 125 1,000 125 1,000 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen- 133 208 133 208 Miscellaneous______0) 400 0) 400 CD See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution —Continued CD NEW YORK—Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UKITED THE IK PRISiON LABOR Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

WOODBURNE INSTITUTION FOR DEFECTIVE delinquents—continued Farm: Dairy 6 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 3,837 $460 3,837 $460 Cattle ______0) 794 (0 750 (9 $44 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 216,060 5,694 216,060 5,694 Miscellaneous ______0) 36 (9 36 Farm: Field crops and garden - 17 Barley ______Bushels. 150 84 150 84 Ensilage ______Tons... 220 1,320 220 1,320 Fodder ______Tons.. 40 160 40 160 Hay ______Tons.. 210’ 3, 360 210 3,360 Oats ______- ______Bushels. 600 270 600 270 Potatoes ______Bushels. 925 641 925 641 Straw ______Tons... 40 320 40 320 Miscellaneous.______0) 2,473 0) 2,473 Farm: Hogs ______1 Pork, dressed. ______.. ______Pounds. 18,292 1,927 18, 292 1,927 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______1 Eggs______Dozen... 1,765 458 1,765 458 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 853 162 853 162 Textile products______10 Pillowcases. .. . ______Dozen.. 88 242 88 242 Sheets ______Dozen... 88 630 88 630 Spreads______Each___ 75 45 75 45 1940 Towels______Dozen. __ 183 330 183 330

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis NORTH CAROLINA

STATE PRISON SYSTEM $788,890 $2,444,845 $32,107 Total _____ 7,930 $3, 265,842 ______28 128 352 128 352 1,032 774 1,032 774 1, 204 14,444 1, 204 14,444 593 3, 272 593 3, 272 3,334 39, 625 3, 334 39, 625 5,106 45, 553 5,106 45, 553 Dozen.... 2, 310 10,065 2,310 10,065 77 (i) 180,815 0 ). 180,815 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX 7,125 0) 2, 264,030 0 ) 2, 264,030 Farm: Cattle 6 10, 281 1, 284 10, 281 1,234 142 8,069 142 8,069 9 Cattle Head 21 1,123 21 1,123 Milk, skimmed Pounds. 178,895 2,079 178,895 2, 079 Milk, whole Pounds. 226,137 7,889 226,137 7,889 Miscellaneous 0) 682 0 ) 682 Farm: Field props and garden 551 Corn, field Bushels _ 83,349 61,979 83,349 61, 979 Cotton Bales 93 4,696 93 4,696 Hay _ _ _ _ Tons 1,014 10,619 1,014 10, 619 Oats ______Bushels. 16, 746 10,885 16, 746 10,885 Peanuts _____ 0) 9,416 ' (i) 4,410 (0 5,006 Potatoes ______Bushels. 24,851 14,805 22,801 12, 755 2,050 2,050 Sorghum Gallons . 5,665 1,869 5, 665 1,869 Wheat ______Bushels. 31,356 28,362 30,953 27,858 403 504 Miscellaneous ______0 ) 184,472 0 ) 183, 204 (i) 1,268 Farm: Hogs 8 Hogs Head 107 2,101 107 2,101 Pork, dressed Pounds. 137,805 26, 902 137,805 26, 902 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 1 Eggs Dozen 3,679 809 3, 679 809 Poultry, dressed ___ Pounds. 2,151 451 2,151 451 Farm: Miscellaneous _ _ (2) 0 ) 140 0 ) 140 Furniture: Other than metal or wood___ 5 Mattresses ______- Each 2,200 9, 921 2,200 9, 921 Pillows ______Each 2,928 1,220 2,928 1,220 Grain- mill products 10 Corn meal ______Barrels 2,889 9,838 2,889 9,838 Flour Barrels 15,022 76, 552 15,022 76, 552 Stock feed ______. Tons 984 31, 300 570 20,786 414 10, 514 Metal products ...... 21 Auto license tags ______- Each 1,269,224 38,076 1,269, 224 38,076 Tags, miscellaneous...... -...... Each___ 58,982 1,769 58,982 1, 769 See footnotes at end of table. Ct*

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution —Continued CO NORTH CAROLINA—Continued o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

s t a t e p r is o n s y s t e m — continued

Printing and binding: Miscellaneous . . _ . 28 0) $47,879 0 ) '$47,879 Textile products______19 Pillowcases ______Dozen 2,851 4,277 2,851 4,277 Sheets ______Dozen 2, 721 15,014 2,721 15,014 Miscellaneous.. ______. .. 0) 50 0) 50 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 31 43,437 87,285 43,437 87,285 and vegetables. Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Sea food 11 0) 5,149 0) 5,149 .

NORTH DAKOTA

STATE PENITENTIARY Total______172 $354,496 $67,038 $9,840 $277,618 Clothing...... 4 Aprons______Dozen. 48 185 48 185 Coats, work______Dozen. 3 29 3 29 Hats and caps------Dozen. 3 3 3 Overalls------Dozen. 13 13 98 Pants, work------Dozen. 78 726 78 726 Shirts, work______Dozen. 69 414 69 414 Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 364 364 364 364 1940 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 17 0) 9,840 0) 9,840 Cordage: Binder twine...------Pounds. 84 3, 235,400 277,083 3, 235,400 277,083 Farm: Cattle______10 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 37,141 1,746 37,141 1,746 Cattle------Head... 37 953 37 953 Farm: Dairy______13 Butter______Pounds. 15,020 3,755 15,020 3,755 Milk, whole------Pounds. 778,118 14,630 778,118 14,630 Miscellaneous------0) 417 0) 417

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Field crops and garden------16 Hay------Tons___ 615 2,508 615 2,508 Potatoes______Bushels. 2,650 1,590 2,650 1,590 Miscellaneous______0) 6,640 0) 6,640 Farm: Hogs______2 Hogs------Head__ 68 566 68 566 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 66,595 1,383 66,595 1,383 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______2 Eggs------Dozen... 5,246 1,193 5,246 1,193 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 7,616 991 7,616 991 Metal products______18 Auto license tags______Each. 182,474 17,363 182,474 ‘ 17,363 Highway markers______Each. 3,381 3, 557 3,381 3,557 Signs______Each. 7,660 1,072 7,660 1,072 Textile products______2 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Bags, cloth______Dozen. 15 54 15 54 Pillowcases______Dozen. 60 180 60 180 Sheets______Dozen. 52 586 52 586 Towels______Dozen. 186 538 186 538 Miscellaneous______0) 22 0) 22 Wood products: Coffins______- Each... 1 114 2,226 91 1,691 23 535 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases.. 3 1,522 3,784 1,522 3, 784 and vegetables.

OHIO

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total ______3,256 $1,626,360 $1,617,484 $6, 500 $2,376 Brooms, brushes, and mops ______32 Broom s______Dozen _ 145 741 145 741 Brushes______Dozen 1, 207 2, 781 1,207 2,781 Mops Each 4,416 1,472 4,416 1,472 Clothing, other than knit ______. .. 650 Aprons______Dozen 242 1,213 242 1, 213 Coats, dress. ______.. Each .. 1,664 8,422 1,664 8,422 Coats, work ______Dozen. _ 427 17, 584 427 17,584 Dresses ______Each ... 4,101 3,966 4,101 3,966 Handkerchiefs. ______Dozen . 3,580 1,497 3, 580 1,497 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 490 2,106 490 2,106 Labor only.. ______0) 2,823 0) 2,823 Overalls Dozen 3,902 30,766 3,902 30,766 Overcoats __ . . . Each 1,427 9,860 1,427 9,860 Pajamas and nightgowns ___ Dozen 969 7,082 969 7,082 Pants,dress. ______Each__ 5,538 15,438 5,538 15,438 Pants, work ______Dozen. _ 813 19,816 813 19,816 Repairs______0) 100 0) 100 Shirts, dress______Dozen _ 2, 559 12, 606 2, 559 12,606 See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A . —K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution —Continued O OHIO—C ontinued 00

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON ber of Public works and State account Piece price Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Clothing, other than knit—Continued. Shirts, work------Dozen 3,826 $22,915 3,826 $22,915 Shoes, new______Pairs 42,214 86,936 42,214 86,936 Shoes repaired______Pairs 14,359 7,130 14,359 7,130 Suits______Each 5,529 44,942 5, 529 44,942 Underwear, men's and boys’ ______Dozen 7 16 7 16 Underwear, women’s and children’s. Dozen 450 2,190 450 2,190 Vests, men’s______Each 679 893 679 893 Miscellaneous______0) 3,157 0) 3,142 0) $15 Clothing, knit______118 Hosiery______Doz. pr. 15, 581 15,039 15, 581 15,039 Tubing, glove-cuff______Pounds . 3,370 1,180 3,370 1,180 Underwear______Dozen 5,172 20,859 5,172 20,859 Miscellaneous______75 0) 75 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 14 W 8 6, 500 8 $6,500 Farm: Cattle. ______21 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 134,041 16, 571 134,041 16,571 Cattle______Head 44 2,780 44 2,780 Farm: Dairy______121 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 18, 538 2,454 18, 538 2,454 Butter______Pounds . 33,489 9,093 33,489 9,093 Cattle------Head 484 20, 235 484 20,235 Milk, whole______Pounds. 6,787,680 148,154 6,787,680 148,154 Miscellaneous______0) 560 0) 290 (9 270 1940 Farm: Field crops and garden______568 Barley------Bushels. 3,062 1,531 3,062 1,531 Corn, field______Bushels. 36,519 20,748 36,519 20,748 Ensilage------Tons 3,491 13,355 3,491 13,355 Fodder.— ------Tons 566 991 566 991 Hay______Tons 3,237 22,007 3,237 22,007 Oats------Bushels. 14,889 7,170 14,889 7,170 Potatoes------Bushels. 27,699 24,454 27,699 24,454 Straw______Tons 660 2,638 660 2,638 Wheat______Bushels. 24,940 17,458 24,940 17,458 Miscellaneous...... 0) 74,982 0) 74,982

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Hogs------40 Hogs------Head. 2,631 26,315 2, 631 26,315 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 405,966 36,770 405,966 36, 770 Miscellaneous______(9 4,544 (9 4,544 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______31 Eggs______Dozen.. 50,390 12,843 50,390 12,843 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 24,562 5,826 24, 562 5,826 Poultry, live______Head... 7,909 4,400 7,909 4,400 Farm: Miscellaneous: Livestock______Head... (2) 5 500 5 500 Furniture: Metal______Beds______Each- 574 5, 553 574 5, 553 Benches______Each.. 12 57 12 57 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each- 4 31 4 31 Stools______Each.. 150 150 150 150 Furniture: Wood______355 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Benches, manual training------Each- 7 284 7 284 Bookcases______Each.. 393 1,689 393 1,689 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each.. 57 818 57 818 Cabinets and tables______(9 7,228 (9 7,228 Chairs______Eaeh.. 7,846 26,280 7,846 26,280 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each_. 49 1,085 49 1,085 Desks______Each.. 524 16,906 524 16,906 Filing cases______Each.. 184 4,389 184 4,389 Repairs______(9 7,337 (9 7,337 Stands______Each.. 264 1,387 264 1,387 Stools______Each.. 372 588 372 588 Tables______Each_. 446 4,130 446 4,130 Miscellaneous______(l) 20,407 <9 20,407 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______23 Mattresses______Each.. 1,332 5,839 1,332 5,839 Pillows______Each- 475 250 475 250 Repairs______(9 62 (9 62 Grain-mill products: Wheat cereal______Pounds. 15 202,360 5,666 202,360 5,666 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 175 signs. Auto license tags______Each.. 4,400,835 177,926 4,400,835 177,926 Tags, miscellaneous______Each_. 639, Oil 3,195 639,011 3,195 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Aluminum ware______Pieces.. 6,075 5,352 6,075 5,352 Galvanized ware______Pieces.. 2, 512 1,460 2, 512 1,460 Tinware______Pieces_. 15,664 3,033 15,664 3,033 Miscellaneous______(9 8,154 (9 8,154 Printing and binding______147 Envelopes______Each.. 2,336,645 4,248 2,336,645 4,248 Letterheads______Each- 2,831,150 11,685 2,831,150 11, 685 Miscellaneous______(9 29, 566 (9 29, 566 Soap and other detergents______41 Soap______Pounds. 2,118,903 83,392 2,118,903 83,392 Soap, liquid______Gallons. 805 252 805 252 Miscellaneous______(9 851 (9 851 See footnotes at end of table. cO CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 200 200 T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system , and institution —Continued OHIO—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued Textiles______627 Cotton yard goods, lig h t...... _ ... Sq. yd.. 521,930 $80,738 521,930 $80,738 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd 96,844 74,317 96,844 74,317 Yarn, cotton______... . Pounds. 353,754 50,747 353, 754 50,747 Textile products ______... 41 Bags, cloth______Dozen 6 66 6 66 Mopheads ______Dozen. _ 1.322 3,966 1,322 3,966 Pillowcases. ______Dozen.. — 908 2,262 962 2,179 6 $83 Sheets______Dozen.. 1,083 6,958 1,082 6,924 1 34 Towels______Dozen 2.323 3,851 2,316 3,819 7 32 Miscellaneous______0) 968 G) 806 0) 162 Wood products. ______32 Coffins and rough boxes______... Each 44 1,056 44 1,056 Millwork ______0) 4,221 0) 4,221 Other manufactured products______93 Canned fruits and vegetables______Barrels.. 54 702 54 702 Do______Cases... 19,618 31,016 19,618 31,016 Disinfectants and insecticides______Gallons. 6,640 5,139 6,640 5,139 Polish, furniture or metal______Gallons. 1,050 1,158 1.050 1,158 Steam______0) 91,334 0 91,334 Miscellaneous______0) 2,127 0) 347 (0 1,780

REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN

Total______46 13,446 13,446 1940 Clothing______30 Aprons______Dozen.. 95 716 95 716 Dresses______Each ... 3,743 3,578 3,743 3, 578 Pajamas and nightgowns...... Dozen.. 174 1,399 174 1, 399 Underwear, women’s and, children’s____ Dozen.. 441 2,122 441 2,122 Farm: Dairy______6 Butter______.. Pounds. 10,603 2,916 10,603 2,916 Farm: Field crops and garden______6 Miscellaneous______0) 1,056 0) 1,056 Farm: Poultry and poultry products...... 3

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis to APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES o 57 50 50 75 62 98 150 138 102 102 100 452 226 608 516 893 893 832 832 907 1,460 1,460 5,352 5,352 1,472 1,180 1,180 3,033 3,033 4,954 1,720 1,720 7,228 3,195 3, 586 586 3, 1,330 1,330 4,163 3,654 3,654 6,127 2,086 2,086 11,329 11,329 18,856 15, 039 039 15, 11,670 11,670 20,859 20,859 177,926 177,926 620,468 12 37 22 56 150 142 184 184 134 852 427 679 264 818 418 812 6,075 6,075 2,512 3,370 3,370 5,172 3,439 4,416 3,734 3,734 2,108 (9 (9 (9 (9 0) (9 0) (9 15,664 15,581 15,581 639, Oil 639, 2, 741,600 2, 4,400,835 4,400,835 2,126,970 2,126,970 57 75 62 50 50 98 150 100 100 226 138 102 102 452 893 893 608 516 832 832 907 1,460 1,460 1,180 1,180 4,163 3,586 3,586 5,352 5,352 3,033 1,720 1,720 7,228 3,195 4,954 1,330 1,330 1,472 2,086 2,086 3,654 3,654 6,127 18,856 11,329 11,329 15,039 15,039 11,670 11,670 20,859 20,859 177,926 177,926 620,468 12 22 56 37 150 852 134 142 184 184 427 818 418 679 264 812 2,512 2,512 6,075 6,075 3,370 3,370 5,172 3,439 3,439 3,734 3,734 2,108 2,108 4,416 (9 (9 (9 (9 (0 (0 (9 0) 15,664 15, 581 581 15, 639,011 2,126,970 2,126,970 2,741,600 4,400,835 4,400,835 57 2 2 20 41 118 1,186 __ Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pieces.. Pieces.. Each.. Each- Pieces.. Each.. Each.. Each.. Each- Each.. Each.. Each.. Doz. pr. Each... E a ch - Pairs.. Pairs.. Cases... Each... Each D ozen- H e a d - Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. D ozen- _ _ _ _ . ______------______------______------______------______...... ______------______. ______------______------______-STATE PENITENTIARY ...... Louis St. Miscellaneous Galvanized ware______Galvanized Miscellaneous Envelopes Letterheads Tinware Auto license tags______Autolicense Aluminum ware Repairs Cabinets and and tables Cabinets Mattresses Pillows miscellaneous Tags, Repairs Miscellaneous Benches Stools______Repairs. new Shoes, repaired Shoes men’s______Vests, Miscellaneous Tubing, glove-cuff------Underwear Overcoats Pants, work.Pants, Hosiery Coats, work Coats, Pants, dress Pants, Coats, dress Coats, Hats and caps and Hats Aprons______Poultry,live Eggs.. Poultry, dressed See See footnotes at end of table. of signs. and vegetables. and Metal products: Metal products: Miscellaneous. Printing and bindingPrinting and Furniture: Other than metal or wood______or metal than Other Furniture: and markers, highway Tags, Metal products: Furniture: WoodFurniture: Furniture: MetalFurniture: Clothing, knitClothing, Brooms, brushes, and mops: and Mops brushes, Brooms, Clothing, other than knit. than other Clothing, Total. Other manufactured products: Canned fruits products: fruits Canned manufactured Other 408102°— 42- Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 202 202 T a b l e A .— K in d , q u a n t i t y , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued OHIO—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATElS, UNITED THE! IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued Textiles ______627 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd 521,930 $80, 738 521,930 $80, 738 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd . 96,844 74,317 96,844 74,317 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 353, 754 50,747 353, 754 50, 747 Textile products______21 Bags, cloth______Dozen . 2 29 2 29 Mopheads______Dozen 1,322 3,966 1,322 3,966 Pillowcases ______Dozen 263 505 263 505 Sheets ______Dozen 308 1, 701 308 1,701 Towels __ _ _ _ Dozen 929 1,561 929 1, 561 Miscellaneous ._ _ . _ (9 467 (9 467 Wood products____ ... ______32 Coffins and rough boxes Each 44 1,056 44 1,056 Millwork (9 4,221 (9 4,221 Other manufactured products: Steam 16 (9 91,334 (9 91,334 STATE REFORMATORY Total ______1,168 452,801 446,031 $6,500 $270 Clothing______343 Aprons...... Dozen _ 56 139 56 139 Coats, dress...... ___ ...... Each 429 3,287 429 3, 287 Coats, work..______Dozen .. 293 11,457 293 11,457 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 145 436 145 436 1940 Labor only.. ______(9 2,823 (9 2,823 Overalls...... Dozen 861 6,733 861 6,733 Overcoats...... Each 855 5,760 855 5, 760 Pajamas and nightgowns.. _____ Dozen 48 374 48 374 Pants, dress______Each _ 4,245 12,402 4,245 12,402 Pants, Work______Dozen „ 311 6, 793 311 6, 793 Shirts, work______Dozen... 65 728 65 728 Shoes, new______Pairs___ 42,192 86,886 42,192 86,886 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 6,860 3,430 6,860 3,430 Suits______Each___ 4,498 37,106 4,498 37,106 Miscellaneous...... '...... 0) 797 (9 797 i......

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis C onstruction: Buildings...... Each___ 14 8 6,500 8 6,500 Farm: Cattle______4 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 30,540 3,907 30, 540 3,907 Farm: Dairy ______39 Butter.I ______Pounds. 8,171 2,233 8,171 2,233 Cattle______Head__ 120 4,850 120 4,850 Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,803,277 36,172 1,803,277 36,172 Miscellaneous______(0 338 0) 68 0) 270 Farm: Field crops and garden...... 221 Corn, field______Bushels . 7,446 3, 723 7,446 3, 723 Ensilage______T on s__ 807 3,186 807 3,186 Hay ______T on s__ 1,078 6,666 1,078 6,666 Oats...... Bushels. 9,001 4, 571 9,001 4, 571 Potatoes______Bushels . 16,095 12,935 16,095 12,935 Straw______Tons___ 532 2,127 532 2,127 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Wheat______Bushels. 8,731 6,112 8,731 6,112 Miscellaneous______0) 35,608 0) 35,608 Farm: Hogs...... 21 H ogs______ilead .. 968 8,630 968 8, 630 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 131,780 12, 794 131, 780 12, 794 Miscellaneous______0) 4,544 0) 4, 544 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______17 Eggs______Dozen... 17,578 4,464 17,578 4,464 Poultry, dressed______Pounds _ 10,422 2,745 10,422 2,745 Poultry, live...... Head__ 3,339 1,669 3, 339 1,669 Furniture: Metal______45 Beds______Each___ 574 5, 553 574 5, 553 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc ______Each 4 31 4 31 Furniture: Wood______333 Benches, manual training______Each ... 7 284 7 284 Bookcases______Each ... 393 1,689 393 1,689 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each___ 57 818 57 818 Cases, filing______Each___ 184 4,389 184 4,389 Chairs______Each___ 7,846 26,280 7,846 26,280 Davenports, sofas, etc ______Each ... 49 1,085 49 1,085 Desks.______Each ... 524 16,906 524 16,906 Repairs______(0 6,885 0) 6,885 Stands______Each___ 264 1,387 264 1, 387 Stools______Each ... 372 588 372 588 Tables.______Each___ 446 4,130 446 4,130 Miscellaneous. ______(0 20,407 0) 20,407 Metal products: Miscellaneous.. ______25 0) 3, 200 0) 3,200 Printing and binding...______86 Envelopes______E ach__ 209,675 662 209, 675 662 Letterheads______Each___ 89,550 356 89, 550 356 Miscellaneous______0) 9, 010 0) 9,010 Textile products______(2) Pillowcases______Dozen__ 24 58 24 58 T ow els..______Dozen— 247 657 247 657

Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 20 4,600 5,501 4,600 5, 501 203 and vegetables. See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued fcO O OHIO—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ RSN AO I TU NTD STATES, UNITED THU IN LABOR PRISON ber of Public works and Piece price Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

LONDON STATE FARM Total...... __ ... 689 $462,335 $462,335 _ Brooms, brushes, and mops.. 27 Brooms. _ 145 741 145 741 Brushes...... Dozen 1,207 2,781 1,207 2,781 Clothing...... 214 Handkerchiefs______Dozen 3,580 1,497 3,580 1,497 Hats and caps______Dozen 81 340 81 340 Overalls______Dozen 3,001 23,362 3,001 23,362 Overcoats...... Each. 430 3,268 430 3,268 Pajamas and nightgowns...... Dozen 736 5,232 736 5,232 Pants, work______Dozen 60 998 60 998 Shirts, dress .. ______Dozen 2,559 12,606 2,559 12,606 Shirts, work______Dozen 3,761 22,187 3,761 22,187 Shoes repaired______Pairs 3,346 1,673 3,346 1,673 Suits...... Each 1,031 7,836 1,031 7,836 Miscellaneous _...... (9 1,737 (9 1,737 Farm: Cattle______17 Beef, dressed...... Pounds . 103,501 12, 664 103,501 12,664 Cattle______Head. _ 44 2,780 44 2,780 Farm: Dairy______64 Butter...... Pounds . 14,715 3,944 14,715 3,944 Cattle...... Head 314 13, 225 314 13,225 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 4,151,691 93,246 4,151,691 93,246 Miscellaneous...... (9 222 (9 222 1940 Farm: Field crops and garden______257 Barley______...... Bushels. 3,062 1, 531 3,062 1,531 Corn, field______Bushels . 28,823 16,900 28,823 16,900 Ensilage______Tons... 2,084 7,994 2,084 7,994 Fodder______Tons___ 566 991 566 991 Hay______Tons. __ 1,929 12,797 1,929 12,797 Oats______Bushels 2,438 1,219 2,438 1,219 Potatoes______Bushels . 8,244 8,183 8,244 8,183 Straw______Tons___ 128 511 128 511 Wheat______Bushels. 13,280 9,296 13,280 9,296 Miscellaneous...... (9 30, 596 (9 30, 596

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Hogs ...... 16 Hogs_.~ _ _ ...... _*...... Head__ 1, 013 10,135 1,013 10,135 ______dressedPounds. 196, 396 17, 287 196,396 17,287Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products______5 Eggs ~ ____ ' Dozen _ 16,807 4,382 16,807 4, 382 Poultry, dressed _ _ _ __ Pounds. 4,152 890 4,152 890 Poultry, live __ H e ad 1,548 1,174 1,548 1,174 Farm: Miscellaneous______(2) Head. _ 5 500 5 500 Grain-mill products: Wheat cereal Pounds. 15 202,360 5,666 202,360 5,666 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous— 3 0) 1,200 0) 1,200 Soap and other detergents _ 41 Soap ______Pounds. 2,118,903 83,392 2,118,903 83,392 Soap, liquid __ Gallons. 805 252 805 252 Miscellaneous __ 0) 851 0) 851 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Textile products ______8 Pillowcases ______Dozen _ 559 1,339 559 1, 339 Sheets ______Dozen __ 706 4,880 706 4,880 Towels ______Dozen... 700 1,050 700 1,050 Miscellaneous...... (0 54 0) 54 Other manufactured products 22 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 13,574 22,629 13,574 22,629 ."Disinfectants and insecticides Gallons. 6,640 5,139 6,640 5,139 Polish, furniture or metal ______Gallons. 1,050 1,158 ' 1,050 1,158

LIMA STATE HOSPITAL 75,204 $2,106 T ota l______167 77,310 ______— ■ ■= Clothing 12 Aprons ____ Dozen .. 54 256 54 256 Coats, dress Each 423 ,481 423 1, 481 Dresses Each 358 388 358 388 Overalls Dozen 40 671 40 671 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 11 77 11 77 Pants, dress . _ Each 475 950 475 950 Pants, work Dozen 24 355 24 355 Shoes repaired Pairs 714 307 714 307 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen 7 16 7 16 Underwear, women’s and children’s Dozen 9 68 9 68 Miscellaneous ______0) 15 0) 15 Farm: Dairy 12 Beef, dressed Pounds. 18,538 2,454 18,538 2,454 Cattle Head 50 2,160 50 2,160 Milk, whole______Pounds- 832,712 18,736 832,712 18, 736 Sea footnotes at end of table. 205

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 206 206 T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , cmcZ institution —Continued OHIO—Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ PRISON LABOR IN T H E UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED E H T IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

lima state hospital—continued Farm: Field crops and garden______84 Corn, field______Bushels. 250 $125 250 $125 Ensilage______Tons 600 2,175 600 2,175 Hay______Tons . 230 2,544 230 2,544 Oats______Bushels. 3,450 1,380 3,450 1,380 Potatoes______Bushels. 3, 360 3, 336 3, 360 3, 336 Wheat______Bushels. 2,929 2,050 2,929 2,050 Miscellaneous...... 0) 7,722 0) 7,722 Farm: Hogs______3 Hogs.______Head 650 7,550 650 7, 550 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 77, 790 6,689 77, 790 6,689 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______6 Eggs______Dozen 12,271 3,090 12, 271 3,090 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 7,880 1,675 7,880 1, 675 H eadPoultry, live______HeadPoultry, 2,838 1,419 2,838 1, 419 Furniture: Other than metal or wood. ... 3 Mattresses______. ______Each 480 1, 676 480 1, 676 Pillows. ______Each.. 48 24 48 24 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______1 0) 500 0) 500 Textile products______12 Bags, cloth______Dozen . 4 37 4 37 Pillowcases______. Dozen 122 360 116 277 6 $83 Sheets______Dozen _ 69 377 68 343 1 34 Towels______Dozen _ _ 447 583 440 551 7 32 1940 Miscellaneous______0) 447 0) 285 0) 162 Other manufactured products______34 Canned fruits and vegetables______Barrels.. 54 702 54 702 D o...... Cases__ 1,388 2,788 1,388 2,788 Miscellaneous...... 0) 2,127 0) 347 0) 1,780

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis OKLAHOMA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. $1, 234, 364 $1, 063, 314 $50, 803 $120,247

Agricultural implements and parts: Repairs. 1 11,942 0) 11,942 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms______Dozen.. 711 2,551 711 2,551 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick___ M _____ 3,202 14, 268 3,202 14, 268 Clothing, other than knit______Coats, work.______Dozen 313 3, 750 313 3,750 Hats and caps...______Dozen. 187 337 187 337 Pants, dress______Each.. 342 755 342 755

Pants, work______Dozen 21,984 197, 855 21,984 197,855 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Shirts, work______Dozen 17,407 104, 809 17,407 104,809 Shoes, new______Pairs.. 30,109 61, 373 29, 359 54, 777 750 6,596 Shoes repaired______Pairs. _ 6,243 2,680 6,243 2, 680 0) 183 0) 183 Suits______Each. 920 7,737 920 7,737 Miscellaneous______0) 1, 360 0) 1, 360 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz. pr. 4, 571 3,329 4,571 3, 329 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 4 35, 803 4 35,803 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 0) 15, 000 0) 15,000 Cordage______Binder twine______Pounds. 379, 215 26, 705 379, 215 26,705 Rope______Pounds. 437, 688 38, 271 437, 688 38,271 Farm: Cattle______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 6,858 823 6,858 823 Cattle______Head__ 586 21,879 34 977 552 20,902 Farm:-Dairy______Milk, whole______Pounds. 952,874 26, 226 952,874 26,226 Miscellaneous______0) 137 0) 137 Farm: Field crops and garden______Barley______Bushels. 2,664 2,397 2, 664 2,397 Corn, field______Bushels. 2,972 1,783 2,972 1,783 Cotton______Bales__ 36 1, 543 36 1,543 Hay______Tons___ 474 6,701 474 6, 701 Oats______Bushels. 3,329 2,164 3, 329 2,164 Wheat______Bushels. 2,343 1,815 2,343 1,815 Miscellaneous______0) 16, 230 0) 16, 230 Farm: Hogs______Hogs______Head__ 1,354 19, 556 143 2,974 I, 211 16,582 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 31,866 3,187 31,866 3,187 Farm: Poultry and poultry products____ Eggs______Dozen 17,133 3,457 17,133 3,457 Poultry, live______Head- 4,896 2,088 4,896 2,088 Farm: Miscellaneous______Livestock...... Head. 184 828 184 828 See footnotes at end of table. 8

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons9 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution — Continued to O OKLAHOMA—Continued GO

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE' UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Public works and State account Piece price pris­ Total State use ways oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Furniture: Wood...... 90 Bedroom suites______Each... 85 $2,178 85 $2,178 Beds ______Each 86 560 86 560 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______- Each 30 188 30 188 Chairs ______Each.. 1,249 4,088 1,249 4,088 Living-room suites...... _ _ Each _ 73 2,232 73 2,232 Venetian blinds...... - ______Each 937 8,244 937 8,244 Miscellaneous______0) 8,315 0) 8,315 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______46 Mattresses______Each __ 18,909 117, 231 18,909 117,231 Pillows . ______Each __ 2,503 5,006 2,503 5,006- Miscellaneous ______2,221 0) 2,221 Grain-mill products: Corn meal______Barrels.. 1 720 1,872 720 1,872 Metal products______27 Auto license tags ______Each___ 1,257,550 89,171 1,257,550 89,171 Highway markers _ _ Each 17, 518 11,958 17,518 11,958 Signs ____ 0) 1,325 0) 1,325 Tags, miscellaneous _____ 0 1) 21,764 (“ ) 21,764 Paint ______Gallons. 5 5,066 7,484 5,066 7,484 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 15 0) 9,085 0) 9,085 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. _ Tons 125 9,718 7,192 9,718 7,192 Soap and other detergents: Soap ______Pounds. 1 29,299 1,859 29,299 1,859 Textile products: Miscellaneous (2) 0) 740 0) 740 Wood products 23 1940 Lum ber Bd. ft 243,999 5,965 243,999 5,965 M ill work 0) 15, 602 (>) 15,602 Other manufactured products. 133 Canned fruits and vegetables _ Cases. _ 87,959 224,171 87,959 224,171 ______0) 8,605 C) 8,605Disinfectants Harness ______0) 221 0) $221 Insecticides, disinfectants, and related Gallons 5,278 5,414 5,278 5,414 chemical compounds. Leather, sole and saddle Pounds 43,796 11,742 43,796 11,742 Leather, upper------Sq. ft.__ 26,191 5,090 26,191 5,090

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Saddlery______0) 8,599 (9 8, 599 Tobacco, smoking and chewing. Pounds 16,800 6,720 16,800 6,720 STATE PENITENTIARY Total...... 1,068,055 954,930 $15,000 98,125 Agricultural implements and parts: Repairs. (9 11,942 0) 11,942 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms______Dozen... 711 2,551 711 2,551 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick... M... 3,202 14,268 3,202 14,268 Clothing, other than knit______Coats, work------Dozen.. 296 3,552 296 3, 552 Hats and caps...... Dozen.. 187 337 187 337 Pants, work------Dozen.. 21,742 195,678 21,742 195,678 Shirts, work— ------D ozen- 17,154 102,924 17,154 102,924

Shoes, n e w ...... Pairs... 13,585 36,238 13,585 36,238 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Shoes repaired...... Pairs... 6,243 2,680 6,243 2,680 Suits______Each... 920 7,737 920 7,737 Miscellaneous______0) 1,360 0) 1,360 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz. pr. 4,571 3,329 4,571 3,329 Construction: Major repairs to buildings___ (9 15,000 (9 15,000 Cordage.------Binder twine______Pounds. 379, 215 26,705 379, 215 26,705 Rope______Pounds. 437,688 38, 271 437,688 38, 271 Farm: Cattle______Head.... 411 16,567 411 16,567 Farm: Dairy______Milk, whole______Pounds. 502,123 15,743 502,123 15,743 Miscellaneous______(9 137 137 Farm: Field crops and garden...... Barley______Bushels . 2,664 2.397 2,664 2,397 Corn, field______Bushels. 2,972 i;783 2,972 1,783 H ay...... Tons.. 437 6,555 437 6,555 Oats______Bushels. 3,329 2,164 3, 329 2,164 Wheat...... Bushels. 1,364 1,228 1,364 1,228 Miscellaneous______(9 12,200 (9 12,200 Farm: Hogs______Head___ 1, 211 16, 582 1, 211 16,582 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------D ozen- 14,569 2,913 14,569 2,913 Poultry, live.______Head... 3,614 1,446 3,614 1,446 Furniture: W ood...... Bedroom suites______Each.. 85 2,178 85 2,178 Beds______Each_. 86 560 86 560 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc...... Each.. 30 188 30 188 Chairs______Each_. 1,249 4,088 1,249 4,088 Living-room suites...... Each.. 73 2,232 73 2,232 Venetian blinds______Each_. 937 8,244 937 8,244 Miscellaneous______0) 8,315 (9 8,315 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each_. 13,268 77,744 13,268 77,744 Pillows'.______Each.. 2,503 5,006 2,503 5,006 Miscellaneous______— 0) 2,221 (9 2,221 209 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 210 T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution — Continued OKLAHOMA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of 1940 STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit Total State i Public works and pris­ ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued

Grain-mill products: Corn meal______Barrels. 720 $ 1 ,8 7 2 720 $ 1 ,8 7 2 Metal products______Auto license tags______Each.. ., 257,550 8 9 ,1 7 1 1 ,2 5 7 ,5 5 0 8 9 ,1 7 1 Highway markers______Each.. 17, 518 1 1 ,9 5 8 17, 518 1 1 ,9 5 8 Signs______*______0) 1 ,3 2 5 0) 1 ,3 2 5 Tags, miscellaneous______(“) 2 1 ,7 6 4 (») 2 1 ,7 6 4 Paint______Gallons. 5 ,0 6 6 7 ,4 8 4 5 ,0 6 6 7 ,4 8 4 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______0) 9 ,0 8 5 0) 9 ,0 8 5 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed Tons___ 3 ,6 2 0 3 ,2 5 7 3 ,6 2 0 3 ,2 5 7 Soap and other detergents: Soap______Pounds. 2 9 ,2 9 9 1 ,8 5 9 2 9 ,2 9 9 1 ,8 5 9 Textile products: Miscellaneous______(2) 0) 740 0) 740 Wood products______Lumber______Bd. ft.. 2 4 3 ,9 9 9 5 ,9 6 5 2 4 3 ,9 9 9 5 ,9 6 5 Mill work______0) 1 5 ,6 0 2 0) 1 5 ,6 0 2 Other manufactured products______Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases... 8 7 ,9 5 9 2 24 ,1 71 8 7 ,9 5 9 2 2 4 ,1 7 1 Disinfectants______0) 8 ,6 0 5 0) 8 ,6 0 5 Insecticides, disinfectants, and related Gallons. 5 ,2 7 8 5 ,4 1 4 5 ,2 7 8 5 ,4 1 4 chemical compounds. Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 1 6 ,8 0 0 6 ,7 2 0 1 6 ,8 0 0 6 ,7 2 0 STATE REFORMATORY Total. 407 1 6 6 ,3 0 9 1 0 8 ,3 8 4 $ 3 5 ,8 0 3 $22,122

Clothing______93 Coats, work______Dozen.. 17 198 17 198 Pants, dress______Each... 342 755 342 755 Pants, work______Dozen.. 242 2 ,1 7 7 '2 4 2 2 ,1 7 7 Shirts, work______Dozen. . 253 1 ,8 8 5 253 1 ,8 8 5 Shoes, new______Pairs.._ 1 6 ,5 2 4 2 5 ,1 3 5 1 5 ,7 7 4 1 8 ,5 3 9 750 6, 596 Shoes repaired______0) 183 0) 183 Construction: Buildings. Each___ 4 3 5 ,8 0 3 Earm: Cattle______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 6 ,8 5 8 823 1,858 823 Cattle______Head... 175 5 ,3 1 2 34 977 141 4 ,3 3 5

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Dairy: Milk, whole______Pounds. 450,751 10,483 450,751 10,483 Farm: Field crops and garden______Cotton______Bales... 36 1,543 36 1,543 H ay______Tons___ 37 146 37 146 Wheat______Bushels. 979 587 979 587 Miscellaneous______0) 4,030 0) 4,030 Farm: Hogs______Hogs------H e a d - 143 2,974 143 2,974 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 31,866 3,187 31,866 3,187 Farm: Poultry and poultry products.. Eggs------Dozen- 2,564 544 2,564 544 Poultry, live______Head— 1,282 642 1,282 642 Farm: Miscellaneous______Livestock______Head.. 184 828 184 828 Furniture: Other than metal or wood. 11 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Mattresses______Each... 5,641 39,487 5,641 39,487 Quarrying and rock crushing______"119 Stone, crushed______Tons... 6,098 3,935 6,098 3,935 Other manufactured products______62 Harness______0) 221 0) 221 Leather, sole and saddle______Pounds. 43,796 11,742 43,796 11,742 Leather, upper______S q .ft... 26,191 5,090 26,191 5,090 Saddlery.______0) 8,599 0) 8,599

OREGON

STATE PENITENTIARY Total. $524,593 $120,381 $175,980 $228,232 Bakery products, commercial . Pounds 14,782 739 14,782 739 Clothing, other than knit____ Aprons______D ozen - 64 175 64 175 Coats, work______Dozen.. 36 214 36 214 Hats and caps...... D ozen - 91 # 153 91 153 Overalls______Dozen... 256 2,007 256 2,007 Pants, work______Dozen.. 52 330 52 330 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 297 1,479 297 1,479 Shoes, new______Pairs__ 2,378 5,620 2,378 5,620 Shoes repaired______Pairs.... 2,718 1,359 2,718 1,359 Suits______Each.... 524 5,240 524 5,240 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz. pr. 261 391 261 391 Construction: Buildings_____ Each.... 3 175,980 3 175,980 Farm: Dairy______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 6,377 638 6,377 638 Cattle______H e a d - 7,162 128 6,873 84 289 Milk, whole______Pounds . 1,153,900 24,284 1,153,900 24,284 Miscellaneous______0) 1,424 0) 1,424 See footnotes at end of table. bO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1 94 0 , b y State, system , and institution— Continued fcO h-l OREGON-Contlnued to

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THU IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—continued * Farm: Field crops and garden______84 Ensilage. _ . r ____ *1______Tons___ 180 $720 180 $720 Flaxseed______Bushels . 24,163 57,324 24,163 f $57,324 Fodder______Tons___ 40 120 40 120 H ay______Tons 687 5,496 687 5,496 Oats.______Bushels. 1,125 414 1,125 414 Straw. ______Tons___ 54 216 54 216 Wheat______. . . Bushels. 164 115 164 115 Miscellaneous______... (9 9,702 0) 9,702 Farm: H ogs..______6 Hogs______Head 609 4,918 609 4,918 Pork, dressed______Pounds _ 139,895 13,968 139,895 13,968 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______8 Eggs______Dozen... 21,723 4,547 21, 723 4,547 Poultry, dressed______.. Pounds. 10,598 2,169 10, 598 2,169 Poultry, live______. . . Head___ 4,242 1,600 4,242 1,600 Grain-mill products: Flax meal...... Tons___ 2 160 3,383 160 3,383 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous___ ... 4 0) 1,000 (0 1,000 Quarrying and rock crushing______56 Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons___ 4,662 24,628 330 1,607 4,332 23,021 Stone, crushed______Tons 6,063 4,122 6,063 4,122 Textile products______6 Bags, cloth______Dozen 5 27 5 27 Pillowcases______Dozen . 97 232 97 232 1940 Sheets...... Dozen __ 223 1,336 223 1,336 Towels______Dozen. 263 862 263 862 Miscellaneous______0) 254 0) 254 Wood products: Wood, fuel______Cords. 12 30 311 933 311 933 Other manufactured products______106 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases 13,381 15,097 13,381 15,097 Flax tow and fiber______Pounds. 918,187 144,215 918,187 144,215

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis PENNSYLVANIA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______2,269 $1,958,508 $1,657, 508 $301,000 Brooms, brushes, and mops______3 Brooms______Dozen.. 67 798 67 798 Brushes-.. ______Dozen... 648 1,424 648 1,424 Olay, cement, and stone products: Concrete Each___ 1 7,500 750 7,500 750 blocks. Clothing, other than knit______340 Aprons.______Dozen 255 1,121 255 1,121 Coats, dress______Each 26 413 26 413 Coatsj work______Dozen _ 597 13,153 597 13,153 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Dresses______Each 192 126 192 126 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 29 118 29 118 Handkerchiefs______Dozen 250 150 250 150 Hats and caps______Dozen _ 492 1,410 492 1,410 Labor on ly .!______(0 1,402 (0 1,402 Overalls______Dozen „ 652 7,900 652 7,900 Overcoats______Each___ 1,009 10,200 1,009 10,200 Pajamas and n igh tgow n s. __ Dozen 168 1,842 168 1,842 Pants, dress __ ...... Each 1,178 3,805 1,178 3,805 Pants, work. ______. Dozen 2,822 49,094 2,822 49,094 Shirts, dress. ______...... Dozen _ 819 8,738 819 8,738 Shirts, work______. ______... Dozen... 2,680 26,615 2,680 26,615 Shoes, n ew ... ______Pairs___ 44,507 112,448 44,507 112,448 Shoes repaired ______Pairs 14,949 13,463 14,949 13,463 Suits ______Each 4,058 38,515 4,058 38, 515 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen 100 500 100 500 Underwear, women’s and children’s___ Dozen... 3 12 3 12 Uniforms______Each___ 3 96 3 96 Miscellaneous______(9 3,104 0) 3,104 Clothing, knit______77 H o sie r y .______Doz. pr. 20,372 25,560 20,372 25,560 ______Dozen . 5,732 26,869 5,732 26,869Underwear. Construction: Buildings _ _ _ _ Each___ 143 18 182,000 18 182,000 Construction: Land development____ 25 (0 15,000 0) 15,000 Construction: Miscellaneous ______166 (9 104,000 0) 104,000 Farm: Cattle. . ______12 Beef, dressed .______Pounds _ 77,826 13,814 77,826 13,814 C attle______Head ... 231 19,930 231 19,930 Miscellaneous______(0 1,100 (9 1,100 Farm: Dairy ______52 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 62,771 8,198 62, 771 8,198 Cattle ______H ead.... 74 2,605 74 2,605 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 2,281,587 79,856 2,281, 587 79,856 See footnotes at end of table. 213

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4 1 2 T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1940, by State, system, and institution —Continued PENNSYLVANIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Public works and STATES, UNITED THEI IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued

Farm: Field crops and garden 476 Bushels. 3,240 $1,814 3,240 $1,814 Corn, field______Bushels _ 32,073 12,701 32,073 12,701 Ensilage ______1,750 7,745 1,750 7,745 Fodder ______Tons 150 725 150 725 Hay ______Tons 1,403 15,433 1,403 15,433 Oats ______Bushels. 17,201 7,620 17,201 7,620 Potatoes______Bushels. 26,688 25,621 26,688 25,621 Rye ______Bushels. 80 40 80 40 Straw ______Tons 430 4,085 430 4,085 Wheat ______Bushels. 16,133 13,821 16,133 13,821 Miscellaneous-______(0 47,362 0) 47,362 Farm: Hogs ______35 Hogs ______Head 1,416 25,770 1,416 25,770 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 327,864 27,868 327,864 27,868 Miscellaneous - ______(0 372 0) 372 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______13 Eggs -- ______Dozen 20,261 4,600 20,261 4,600 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 18,247 3,194 18, 247 3,194 H eadPoultry, live______HeadPoultry, 3,632 2,330 3,632 2,330 Farm: Miscellaneous______45 0) 5,663 (>5 5,663 Furniture: Metal______19 Lockers ______Each. 82 369 82 3G9 Shelving ______0) 6,232 0) 6, 232 1940 Tables ______- ______E ach... 40 430 40 430 Miscellaneous ______(0 886 0) 886 Furniture: W ood ______149 Beds ______Each___ 4 59 4 59 Bookcases ______Each___ 105 1,369 105 1,369 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each.. . 162 4,431 162 4,431 Chairs ______Each___ 3, 917 17,421 3,917 17, 421 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each —. 76 1,404 76 1,404 Desks ______Each.. _ 256 9,381 256 9,381 Mirrors Each. __ 202 1,380 202 1,380 Tables------Each___ 1,523 27,156 1,523 27,156

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Trays______Each.. 1, 217 1,010 1,217 1,010 i Miscellaneous______. 0) 1,782 0) 1, 782 Grain-mill products: Feed, stock ______Tons___ 20 1,257 39,861 1, 257 39,861 1 01Metal products: Tags, highway markers, 101Metal and signs. Auto license tags______Each... 4, 705,163 282, 748 4, 705,163 282, 748 Highway markers______Each___ 24, 772 37,443 24, 772 37,443 S ig n s ..-______Each— — - 60,879 9, 259 60,879 9, 259 Tags, miscellaneous______Each___ »1,512,874 36, 255 131,512,874 36, 255 Metal products: Miscellaneous.— ______29 Castings ______Pounds _ 55,688 4,912 55,688 4,912 Galvanized ware______. . Pieces.. _ 334 429 334 429 Tinware ______- Pieces 4,636 1,677 4,636 1,677 Miscellaneous______0) 3,176 (0 3,176 Printing and binding______76 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Envelopes______Each___ 676,000 1, 576 676.000 1, 576 Letterheads______Each. 1,344,000 2,072 i, 344; 000 2,072 Miscellaneous.-. ______0) 35,475 0) 35,475 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 30 9,047 13, 570 9,047 13,570 Textiles______304 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd _ 717,493 123,989 717,493 123,989 ______Sq.yard yd__ goods 86,052 55,916 86,052 55,916Wool Textile products______38 Bags, cloth ______Dozen 33 181 33 181 Flags, danger ______Each. 18,236 1,168 18,236 1,168 Pillowcases______Dozen... 4,272 9,635 4,272 9,635 Rags, floor ______Each 20,000 2,400 20,000 2,400 Sheets______Dozen. _ 4,935 36,898 4,935 36,898 Ticks, mattress______Each___ 1,056 1, 596 1,056 1,596 Ticks, pillow______Each___ 969 261 969 261 Towels ______Dozen. 6,143 13,299 6,143 13,299 Miscellaneous______0) 2,724 0) 2,724 Wood products...______._ 20 Lumber______Bd. ft— 220,000 7,700 220,000 7,700 Miscellaneous______0) 62 (0 62 Other manufactured products______85 C an n e d fruits and vegetables - Cases 35,605 73,536 35,605 73,536 Coffee, roasted______Pounds. 733,650 101,329 733,650 101,329 Harness______0) 744 0) 744 Leather articles, miscellaneous ______(0 46 0) 46 Repairs (harness). ______0) 1,356 (>) 1,356 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs 10 0) 1,012 (9 1,012 (automobile). See footnotes at end of table. 215

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 216 216 T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued PENNSYLVANIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ RSN AO I TE UIE SAE, 1940 STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced ber of Total Public works and Unit pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

EASTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Total ______344 $285,091 $265,591 $19,500

Clothing, other than knit___...... 183 Aprons...... Dozen. _ 42 188 42 188 Coats, dress...... Each___ 26 413 26 413 Coats, work...... Dozen. _ 299 5,416 299 5,416 Gloves and mittens...... Doz. pr_- 10 26 10 26 Hats and caps...... Dozen... 160 559 160 559 Overcoats______Each___ 431 4,735 431 4,735 Pants, dress______Each 328 1,255 328 1,255 Pants, work______Dozen 1,728 28, 789 1,728 28,789 Shirts, work...... Dozen _ 6 292 6 292 Shoes, new______Pairs 44,419 112,118 44,419 112,118 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 5,661 4,383 5,651 4,383 Suits______Each 1,974 18,180 1,974 18,180 Uniforms...... Each. 3 96 3 96 Miscellaneous...... (0 2,080 (0 2,080 Clothing, knit______77 H oisery...... Doz. pr 20,372 25,560 20,372 25,560 Underwear...... Dozen 5,732 26,869 5,732 26,869 Construction: Buildings...... Each___ 10 6 9,500 6 9,500 Construction: Miscellaneous______10 0) 10,000 0) 10,000 Printing and binding______47 Envelopes______Each . 676,666 1, 576 676,000 1, 576 Letterheads______Each 1,344,000 2,072 1,344,000 2,072 Miscellaneous.______(0 22,129 0) 22,129 Textiles: Cotton yard goods, light...... Sq. y d ... 14 24,804 6,158 24,804 6,158 Textile products.______3 Bags, cloth______Dozen 12 18 12 18 Ticks, mattress_ _...... Each 880 1,332 880 1,332 Ticks, pillow...... Each . . . 780 211 780 211 Towels...... Dozen. _ 745 1,136 745 1,136

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES fcO 4,500 2,000 2,500 15.000 92.000 168,500 275, 500 275, 0) 0) (0

55 64 67 750 730 798 372 296 296 450 450 1,128 1,128 1,100 2,010 1,800 1,800 3,564 3,564 9,307 1,424 9, 595 595 9, 4,290 4,290 2,640 9,173 1,965 1,965 8,840 8,840 1,939 1,939 2,550 2,550 3,000 10,526 10,526 20,660 56, 717 717 56, 17,898 141,588 141,588 265,363 95 67 40 101 390 390 125 112 242 364 460 460 250 442 442 648 850 1,656 2,015 2,015 9,000 9,000 710 2, 3,000 0) 0) 0) 59,471 59,471 25, 383 25, 14,141 14,141 107,923 107,923 262,170 262,170 511,376

55 64 67 750 730 372 798 798 450 450 296 1,128 1,128 2,010 1,100 3,564 3,564 2,640 4,290 4,290 307 9, 1,800 9,595 9,595 9,173 9,173 1,424 1,965 8,840 8,840 1,939 2, 550 550 2, 3.000 2.000 2,500 15.000 526 10, 56, 717 717 56, 20,660 92.000 17,898 168,500 269,863 1 10 95 95 67 40 101 390 390 125 242 242 364 460 460 112 250 442 442 648 850 7,500 2,710 1,656 2,015 2,015 9,000 3,000 w 0) 0) 0) 0) (0 59,471 59,471 25,383 14,141 14,141 107,923 107,923 262,170 262,170 511,376 5 25 10 90 121 504 154 340 ______Each... Pounds. Pounds. Each... Pounds. Bushels. Pounds. yd..Sq. Bushels. Dozen. _ Pounds. Tons Tons Pieces... Sq.yd.. H ea d ... H e a d ... H e a d ... Each... ..Pairs. Each... Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Bushels. Dozen.. D ozen- Head _ ____ ...... ______------______------______...... ______...... ------...... ______...... ______------______INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL INDUSTRIAL ______...... ______Louis ______------______St. ______NEW EASTERN STATE PENITENTIARY STATE EASTERN NEW Beef, dressed Cattle Barley Corn, field Miscellaneous Ensilage H ay Miscellaneous Pork,dressed Pants, work Cattle Wheat Miscellaneous Poultry, dressed Poultry, live Shoes repaired Beef, dressed Milk, whole Cotton yard goods, light Brushes Aprons______Pants, dress Hogs Eggs Brooms Hats and caps Wool yard goods of See footnotes at end of table. blocks. Clay, cement, and stone products: Concrete Total Construction: Buildings______Construction: Land development______Construction: Miscellaneous Farm: Cattle______Farm: Fieldcropsand garden Farm: Hogs Farm: Poultry and poultry products Clothing Metal products: Tinware Construction: BuildingsConstruction: Miscellaneous-Farm: Dairy Textiles______Brooms, brushes, and m ops... Total. 408102' Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 218 218 T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system , azicZ institution— Continued PENNSYLVANIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and State account Piece price pris­ State use ways oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

industrial school—continued

Farm: Field crops and garden______43 Barley___ T______Bushels. 1,225 $686 1,225 $686 Corn, fie ld ..______Bushels. 2,000 792 2,000 792 Ensilage______Tons .. 490 2,135 490 2,135 Hay______Tons 238 2,618 238 2,618 Oats______Bushels. 100 44 100 44 Potatoes______. Bushels. 3,629 3,484 3,629 3,484 Rye______Bushels . 80 40 80 40 Wheat______— ______Bushels. 1,440 1,403 1,440 1,403 Miscellaneous______0) 9,793 0) 9,793 Farm: Hogs______9 Hogs.- ______- Head 249 4,980 249 4,980 Pork, dressed. ______Pounds. 67,656 5, 751 67,656 5, 751 Poultry and poultry products______3 Eggs______Dozen . 6,938 1,575 6,938 1,575 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 7,612 1,332 7,612 1,332 Poultry, live______Head___ 1,192 834 1,192 834 Furniture: M etal______1 Lockers______Each . . . 82 369 82 369 Furniture: W ood______149 Beds.. ______. _ Each___ 4 59 4 59 Bookcases______Each. ._ 105 1,369 105 1,369 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc Each 162 4,431 162 4,431 Chairs ______Each___ 3,917 17,421 3,917 17,421 1940 Davenports, sofas, e t c ______Each___ 76 1,404 76 1,404 Desks. ______Each___ 256 9,381 256 9,381 Mirrors______Each___ 202 1,380 202 1,380 Tables . ______Each . . . 1,523 27,156 1,523 27,156 Trays ______Each___ 1,217 r, 010 1,217 1,010 Miscellaneous ______0) 1,782 0) 1,782 Metal products ______21 Castings______Pounds . 55,688 4,912 55,688 4,912 Galvanized w are ...... Pieces._ 334 429 334 429 Tinware ____ . ______Pieces .. 2,980 947 2,980 947 Miscellaneous______(0 494 0) 494

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Printing and binding: Miscellaneous. 20 0) 8,046 (0 8,046 Textile products______7 Pillowcases______Dozen. 292 700 292 700 Bags, floor______Each.. 20,000 2.400 20,000 2.400 Sheets______Dozen. 600 2.400 600 2.400 Towels______Dozen 1,468 3, 325 1,458 3,325 Wood products: Miscellaneous______(2) 0) 62 0) 62 Other manufactured products...... 19 Canned fruits and vegetables...... Cases. _. 4,702 6,970 4,702 6,970 Coffee, roasted______Pounds. 733,650 101,329 733,650 101, 329 WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Total______426 607,019 607,019

Clothing______~70 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Aprons______Dozen.. 74 411 74 411 Coats, work...... Dozen.. 260 7,232 260 7,232 Dresses...... Each... 120 60 120 60 Gloves and mittens...... Doz. pr. 12 71 12 71 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 208 520 208 520 Labor only______(0 357 (9 357 Overalls______Dozen. 652 7,900 652 7,900 Overcoats______Each.. 578 5,465 578 5, 465 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 15 160 15 160 Pants, work______Dozen. 843 18,480 843 18,480 Shirts, dress______Dozen. 50 684 50 684 Shirts, work______Dozen. 896 11, 081 896 11,081 Shoes, new______Pairs.. 55 165 55 165 Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 2,650 1,988 2, 650 1,988 Suits______Each.. 2,084 20, 335 2,084 20,335 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 100 500 100 500 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen. 3 12 3 12 Miscellaneous______0) 180 0) 180 Furniture: M etal______18 Shelving______0) 6,232 (9 6,232 Tables______Each. 40 430 40 430 Miscellaneous______0) 886 (9 886 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, 101 and signs. Auto license tags______Each. 4,705,163 282, 748 4, 705,163 282, 748 Highway markers______Each. 24, 772 37,443 24, 772 37,443 Signs------Each. 60,879 9,259 60,879 9,259 Tags, miscellaneous______Each. 131,512,874 36, 255 131,512,874 36, 255 Metal products: Miscellaneous______7 0) 2, 682 (9 2,682 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______7 (9 3,800 (9 3,800 Textiles______194 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. y d . 430, 519 61,114 430, 519 61,114 W ool yard goods...... S q.yd-. 60, 669 35, 256 60, 669 35, 256 See footnotes at end of table. 219

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 220 220 T able A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1 9 4 0 , b y State, system , and institution— Continued PENNSYLVANIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THU IN LABOR PRISON ber of Total Public works and State account Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ State use ways Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued Textile products 19 Bags, cloth— _ _ __ Dozen 7 $83 7 $83 Pillowcases. ______Dozen 3,936 8,820 3,936 8,820 Sheets 4,420 34,383 4,420 34, 383 Towels Dozen __ 3,918 8,811 3,918 8,811 Miscellaneous 0) 2,204 (9 2,204 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturihg): Repairs 10 0) 1,012 (9 1,012 (automobile). NEW WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Total 572323,642 322,142 $1,500 Clothing 10 Gloves and m ittens Doz. pr 7 21 7 21 Hats and caps ______Dozen. _ 12 35 12 35 Labor only (9 1,045 (9 1,045 Pants, work Dozen 1 25 1 25 Shoes, new Pairs 33 165 33 165 Shoes repaired ...... Pairs 3,648 4,092 3,648 4,092 Construction: Buildings Each___ 5 1 1,500 1 1,500 Farm : Cattle 7 Beef, dressed Pounds. 18,355 3,288 18, 355 3,288 'Cattle Head 130 10,335 130 10,335 1940 Farm: Dairy 25 Beef, dressed Pounds . 45, 295 5,662 45, 295 5,662 Pounds. whole 1,473,877 51,586 1,473,877 51,586Milk, Farm: Field crops and garden ____ _ 332 Corn, field Bushels. 21,073 8, 345 21,073 8, 345 Ensilage ______Tons 800 3,600 800 3,600 Fodder ______Tons 150 725 150 725 Hay Tons 775 8, 525 775 8, 525 O a t s Bushels . 17,101 7, 576 17,101 7,576 P otatoes______Bushels. 23,059 22,137 23,059 22,137 Straw...... Tons___ 430 4,085 430 4.085

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Wheat - ______Bushels. 11,983 9, 778 11,983 9,778 ____ _ 0 21,846 0 21,846Miscellaneous 16 725 11,950 725 11,950 Pork, dressed Pounds. 152,285 12,944 152,285 12,944 4 Eggs ______Dozen 4,325 982 4,325 982 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 3,576 626 3,576 626 Poultry, live ______Head _ 552 396 552 396 45 0 5,663 0) 5,663 Tons___ 20 1,257 39,861 1,257 39,861 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 2 0) 1,500 0) 1,500 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed Tons___ 30 9,047 13, 570 9,047 13,570 (2) 14 80 14 80 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Pillowcases ______Dozen 9 26 9 26 Towels ______Dozen 22 27 22 27 M iscellaneous 0) 10 0) 10 Bd.ft.__ 20 220,000 7,700 220,000 7,700 Other manufactured products 56 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 28,149 61,790 28,149 61, 790 Harness 0) 744 0 744 Repairs (harness) _ _ _ 0) 1, 356 0) 1,356 Leather articles ...... 0 46 0) 46 STATE INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR WOMEN

Total ______83 55,805 55,805 C loth in g______34 Aprons ______Dozen 14 72 14 72 Coats, work ______Dozen 38 505 38 505 Dresses______Each 72 66 72 66 Handkerchiefs ______Dozen 250 150 250 150 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 153 1, 682 153 1, 682 Shirts, dress ______Dozen 769 8,054 769 8,054 ' Shirts, work______Dozen 1,778 15, 242 1, 778 15,242 Miscellaneous _ ...... _ 0 844 0 844 Farm: Dairy ______14 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 3,335 597 3,335 597 Cattle ______Head 34 640 34 640 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 296,334 10,372 296,334 10,372 Farm: Field crops and garden...... 11 Miscellaneous ______0 6,416 0 6,416 Farm: Poultry and poultry products ___ _ 5 Eggs______Dozen _ 8,756 1,988 8,756 1,988 Poultry, dressed Pounds. 6,695 1,172 6,695 1,172 Poultry, live______Head___ 1,793 1,033 1,793 1,033 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 222 T able A .— K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , and institution — Continued PENNSYLVANIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR WOMEN—COn. Textile products...... 9 Flags, danger...... "Ranh 18,236 $1,168 18,236 $1,168 Pillowcases...... Dozen 35 89 35 89 Sheets...... Dozen 15 115 15 115 Ticks, mattress...... Each 176 264 176 264 Ticks, pillow.______Each 189 50 189 50 Miscellaneous______0) 510 0) 510 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 10 2,754 4,776 2,754 4,776 and vegetables.

RHODE ISLAND

ALL INSTITUTIONS - Total...... 127 $70, 519 $70,481 $38 Clay, cement, and stone products______8 Concrete posts.______Each. _ 327 245 327 245 Curbstones ______. Each ... 735 2,205 735 2,205 Miscellaneous______(9 175 0) 175 Clothing______21 Cnats, work Dozen 38 856 38 856

pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 18 108 18 108 1940 Pants, work Dozen 136 1,892 136 1,892 Shirts, work Dozen 112 404 112 404 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 1,348 674 1,348 674 M isop.llanoons (9 1,609 (9 1,609 Farm: Dairy ______5 Cattle ______. (9 1,088 (9 1,050 0) 38 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 42,581 1,585 42,581 1,585 Farm: Field crops and garden______4 Ensilage ______Tons _ 200 1,400 200 1,400 Hay Tons 27 440 27 440 Potatoas _ . Bushels. 2,050 1,845 2,050 1,845 Miscellaneous...... (9 1,458 (9 1,458 ______

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Hogs...... 2 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 13,750 1,376 13, 750 1,376 Furniture: Wood...... 7 Chairs______Each. 57 143 57 143 Desks______Each. 2 50 2 50 Repairs______(9 3,668 (9 3,668 Tables______Each. 14 330 14 330 Miscellaneous______(9 309 (9 309 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______2 Mattresses______Each. 29 354 29 354 Miscellaneous. ______(9 765 (9 765 Laundry, commercial______Pounds. 11 67,600 2,028 67, 600 2,028 Metal products: Auto license tags______Each__ 15 183,710 14, 777 183, 710 14, 777 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______17 (9 7,141 (9 7,141 Textile products______8 A APPENDIX Flags______Each.. 58 260 58 260 Mopheads______Dozen 117 490 117 490 Miscellaneous______(9 1, 529 (9 1, 529 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Labor 27 <9 21, 315 (9 21, 315 only. . STATE PRISON Total. 100 49,204 49,166 38

Clay, cement, and stone products. ---- Concrete posts______Each.. 327 245 327 245 Curbstones______Each.. 735 2,205 735 2,205 TABLES GENERAL Miscellaneous______<9 175 (9 175 Clothing______21 Coats, work------Dozen- 38 856 38 856 Pajamas and nightgowns____ Dozen.. 18 108 18 108 Pants, work______Dozen- 136 1,892 136 1,892 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 112 404 112 404 Shoes repaired______Pairs ... 1,348 674 1, 348 674 Miscellaneous______(9 1,609 (9 1,609 Farm: Dairy______Cattle______(9 1,088 (9 1,050 <9 38 Milk, whole______Pounds. 42,581 1,585 42,581 1,585 Farm: Field crops and garden___ Ensilage______Tons__ 200 1,400 200 1,400 Hay------Tons__ 27 440 27 440 Potatoes______Bushels. 2,050 1,845 2,050 1,845 Miscellaneous______(9 1,458 (9 1,458 Farm: Hogs______Pork, dressed______Pounds. 13, 750 1,376 13, 750 1,376 Furniture: Wood______Chairs______Each.. 57 143 57 143 Desks______Each.. 2 50 2 50 Repairs_____ (9 3,668 (9 3,668 Tables______Each. 14 330 14 330

Miscellaneous. (9 309 (9 309 223 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 224 224 T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system , and institution — Continued RHODE ISLAND-Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num- her of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR [PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison—continued Furniture: Other than metal or wood. 2 Mattresses______Each. 29 $354 29 $354 Miscellaneous______(0 765 0) 765 Laundry, commercial______Pounds _ 11 67,600 2,028 67,600 2,028 Metal products: Auto license tags___ Each___ 15 183,710 14,777 183,710 14, 777 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous- 17 (0 7,141 0) 7,141 Textile products______8 Flags______Each.. 58 260 58 260 Mopheads______Dozen. 117 490 117 490 Miscellaneous.______0) 1,529 0) 1,529 REFORMATORY FOR MEN Total______27 21,315 21, 315 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Labor 27 0) 21, 315 0) 21, 315 only.

SOUTH CAROLINA

STATE PENITENTIARY Total...... 505 $393,586 $138,116 $16, 331 $239,139 1940 Clothing...... 101 Pants, work______Dozen 291 2, 523 291 2, 523 Shirts,work______... ______Dozen. 3,397 15,689 3,397 15,689 Underwear, men’sand boys’______Dozen. 37, 710 42, 791 37, 710 42, 791 Farm: Cattle _. ______6 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 90,000 5,400 90,000 5, 400 Farm: Dairy ...... 6 Butter. _ ___ Pounds. 1,000 310 1,000 310 Milk, whole _ . ___ Pounds. 313,900 6,205 313,900 6,205 Farm: Field crops and garden______219 Com, field______Bushels- 24. 795 M8. 522 24. 795 18. 522

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Cotton______Bales.... Hay------Tons__ 500 5,000 500 5,000 * Wheat______Bushels. 4,993 3,745 4,993 3, 745 Miscellaneous______0 20,015 0 20, 015 Farm: Hogs______7 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 100,000 6,000 100,000 6,000 Furniture: Wood______"139' Chairs______Each.. 15,820 33. 623 15,820 33,623 Chairs, upholstered_____ Each.. 7, 709 61, 605 7, 709 61,605 Davenports, sofas, etc___ Each.. 7,368 81. 522 7,368 81,522 Ottomans and footstools.. Each.. 698 1,386 698 1,386 Metal products...... 27 Auto license tags______Each.. 717,954 44, 860 717,954 44, 860 Highway markers______Each.. 26,167 27,335 26,167 27, 335 PEDX —GNRL TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Repairs (to signs)______0 724 0 724 1 i 1 SOUTH DAKOTA STATE PENITENTIARY Total...... $241.472 $67, 740 $50,000 $123. 732 Clothing—...... Aprons______Dozen. 15 18 15 18 Coats, work______Dozen.. 10 60 10 60 Handkerchiefs______Dozen.. 658 79 658 79 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 40 70 40 70 Overalls______Dozen. 34 215 34 215 Pajamas and nightgowns____ Dozen. 10 24 10 24 Pants, work______Dozen. 39 299 39 299 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 67 436 67 436 Shoes repaired______Pairs... 4,836 2,757 4,836 2,757 Miscellaneous______0 2 0 2 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 1 50,000 50,000 Cordage______Binder twine______Pounds 973, 700 55,830 973, 700 55,830 Rope______Pounds. 170,063 21,088 170, 063 21,088 Farm: Cattle______Beef, dressed______Pounds.. 272,696 24,075 33,171 5,039 239, 525 19,036 Cattle______0 17,891 0 1, 590 0 16,301 Miscellaneous______0 345 0 345 Farm: Dairy______Milk, whole______Pounds. 473,540 9,412 473, 540 9,412 Miscellaneous______0 2, 097 0) 2,063 0 34 Farm: Field crops and garden___ Corn, field______Bushels. 10,000 5,000 10,000 5, 000 Ensilage______Tons__ 810 4,860 810 4, 860 Hay______Tons__ 300 1,900 300 1,900 Labor only______0 27 0 27 Oats______Bushels. 9,600 2,880 9,600 2,880

Potatoes______Bushels. 3,915 2,181 3,865 2,126 55 225 Miscellaneous______0) 4, 582 0 4,379 0 203 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system , and institution —Continued t o to SOUTH DAKOTA-Continued O

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and .STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—Continued Farm: Hogs______2 Hogs— ______0) $4,273 0) $584 0) $3,689 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 140,384 8,412 34,059 2,739 106,325 5,673 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______3 Eggs.______Dozen 7,209 1,013 4,377 672 2,832 341 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 7,848 1,144 2,697 449 5,151 695 Metal products: Auto license tags______Each___ 12 485,183 18, 674 485,183 18,674 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed- Tons___ 1 309 155 309 155 Textile products ______6 Pillowcases______Dozen 57 90 57 90 Sheets ______Dozen 104 397 104 397 Towels______Dozen, __ 145 94 145 94 Miscellaneous______(0 333 0) 73 0) 260 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 5 0) 759 0) 759 and vegetables.

TENNESSEE

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total 1,871 $1,124,486 $836,685 $282, 219 $5, 582

Clothing, other than knit...... 1940 Aprons...... —...... Dozen. 78 156 78 156 Coats, work______Dozen. 147 2,434 147 2,434 Dresses______Each- 290 580 290 580 Hats and caps------Dozen. 78 140 78 140 Overalls______Dozen. 1,048 14,457 1,048 14,457 Pants, work______Dozen. 907 11,860 907 11,860 Shirts, work...... Dozen. 1,309 10,949 1,309 10,949 Shoes, new______Pairs— 15,805 34,648 15,805 34,648 Suits______Each- 1,670 11,916 1,670 11,916 Underwear, men’s and boys’. Dozen- 178 336 178 336 Uniforms______— Each.. 22 495 22 495

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Clothing, knit...... 9 Hosiery ______Doz. pr. 3, 251 4,152 3,251 4,152 __ Dozen... _ __454 . _ 3,090 454 3,090Underwear Construction: Buildings ______76 (0 120,000 (0 120,000 ______619 0) Major162,219 repairs to roads 0) 162,219Construction: Farm: Dairy ’ * ______30 Beef, dressed ______Pounds. 32,414 3,758 32,414 3, 758 Butter ______Pounds. 11,608 2,902 11,608 2,902 Cattle . ______Head 75 1,875 75 1,875 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 904,615 26,365 904,615 26,365 Miscellaneous ______0) 2, 275 • 0) 2, 275 Farm: Field crops and garden ______402 B arley___T_____ .'l______... Bushels. 7,633 4,580 7,633 4, 580 Corn, field______Bushels . 40,292 28,175 40, 292 28,175 Cotton______Bales__ 433 22,669 433 22,669 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Cottonseed______Tons 203 5,582 203 5,582 Ensilage______Tons___ 1,320 8, 520 1, 320 8, 520 Hay______Tons. .. 4, 520 46, 780 4, 520 46, 780 Oats______. ______Bushels. 2,832 1,133 2,832 1,133 Potatoes______. Bushels. 18,487 19,437 18,487 19,437 Miscellaneous______0) 36,724 (0 36,724 Farm: Hogs______6 Hogs______Head. . 521 7,544 521 7,544 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 83,187 8,319 83,187 8, 319 Furniture: Metal______6 Beds______Each___ 20 121 20 121 Filing cases______Each 158 4, 520 158 4, 520 Tables______Each 166 3,532 166 3,532 Furniture: Other than metal or w o o d .____ 60 Mattresses______Each 9,254 59,581 9,254 59, 581 Pillows______Each 603 603 603 603 Repairs______(0 169 0) 169 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 47 signs. Auto license tags______Each___ 991,678 44,626 991,678 44,626 Highway markers______Each___ 18,379 6,358 18, 379 6,358 Metal products: Miscellaneous______8 Repairs...... ______(0 2,068 0) 2,068 Miscellaneous. ______0) 7,350 (0 7, 350 Mining: Coal______Tons___ 297 72,838 85,559 72,838 85,559 Paint______. _ ... ____ Gallons. 18 23, 741 39, 552 23, 741 39, 552 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 120 121,150 90,000 121,150 90,000 Soap and other detergents______15 Soap______Pounds . 486,003 36,812 486,003 36, 812 Soap, liquid______. _. Gallons. 1,818 1,122 1,818 1,122 Miscellaneous______0) 1,433 0) 1,433 Textiles______115 Cotton yard goods, light ______Sq. yd 253, 656 32,044 253, 656 32,044 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd._ 20, 774 13,407 20, 774 13,407 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 53.129 10,126 53,129 10,126 227 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 228 228 T able A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y State, system , anc? institution— Continued TENNESSEE—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Textile products______2 Bags, cloth______Dozen 67 $380 67 $380 Bags! tobacco______Dozen 10,333 217 10,333 217 Pillowcases______Dozen 137 271 137 271 Sheets ...... Dozen 127 683 127 683 Towels ___ _. Dozen 428 835 428 835 Miscellaneous______(0 18 0) 18 Other manufactured products 56 Canned fruits and vegetables ______Cases 28,699 53,240 28,699 53, 240 Insecticides, disinfectants, and related Gallons. 6,960 6,323 6,960 6,323 chemical compounds. Do______Pounds. 34, 782 2,903 34, 782 2,903 Po und s.Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds.Tobacco, 43,064 16,563 43,064 16, 563 STATE PENITENTIARY Total - - - ______939 661,890 590, 754 $71,136 Clothing, nther than knit 95 Aprons - ______Dozen... 78 156 78 156 Coats, w ork______Dozen... 147 2,434 147 2,434 Dresses ______Each___ 290 580 290 580 Hats and caps______Dozen. _. 78 140 78 140 Overalls ______Dozen. __ 1,048 14,457 1,048 14,457 Pants, work ______Dozen.. _ 907 11,860 907 11,860 1940 Shirts, work ______Dozen... 1,309 10,949 1, 309 10,949 Shoes, new ______. .. Pairs___ 15,805 34,648 15,805 34, 648 Suits E ach__ 1,670 11,916 1,670 11,916 Underwear, men’s and b oy s’ Dozen. _ 178 336 178 336 Uniforms ______Each___ 22 495 22 495 Clothing, knit 9 Hosiery ______Doz. pr. 3,251 4,152 3,251 4,152 Underwear ______Dozen... 454 3,090 454 3,090 Construction: 1VTajop repairs to roads 228 0) 71,136 (0 71,136 Farm: Dairy ___ 16 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 32,414 3, 758 32,414 3,758

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Butter______Pounds. 11,608 2,902 11,608 2,902 Cattle______Head__ 75 1,875 75 1,875 Milk, whole______Pounds. 573,259 16, 664 573,259 16, 664 Miscellaneous______0) 2,275 (0 2,275 Farm: Field crops and garden______Barley______Bushels. 7,633 4, 580 7,633 4.580 Corn, field______Bushels . 20,000 16,000 20,000 16,000 Ensilage______Tons___ 1,020 6,120 1, 020 6,120 Hay------Tons___ 990 10,480 990 10,480 Oats______Bushels . 2,832 1,133 2,832 1,133 Miscellaneous______0) 26,076 0) 26, 076 Farm: Hogs______Hogs______Head__ 271 3, 794 271 3,794 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 35,042 3, 504 35,042 3, 504 Furniture: Metal______TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Beds______Each. 20 121 20 121 Cases, filing______Each. 158 4, 520 158 4, 520 Tables______Each. 166 3, 532 166 3, 532 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______Mattresses______Each. 9,254 59, 581 9,254 59, 581 Pillows______Each. 603 603 603 603 Repairs______0) 169 0) 169 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Auto license taxs______Each. 991,678 44, 626 991,678 44, 626 Highway markers______Each. 18,379 6, 358 18, 379 6, 358 Metal products: Miscellaneous______Repairs______0) 2,068 0) 2,068 Miscellaneous______0) 7, 350 0) 7, 350 Paint______Gallons. 23, 741 39, 552 23,741 39, 552 Quarrying and rock crushing: Stone, crushed. Tons___ 121,150 90,000 121,150 90,000 Soap and other detergents______Soap______Pounds. 486,003 36,812 486,003 36,812 Soap, liquid______Gallons. 1,818 1,122 1,818 1,122 Miscellaneous______0) 1,433 0) 1,433 Textiles______Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd.. 253,656 32, 044 253,656 32,044 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd._ 20,774 13,407 20, 774 13,407 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 53,129 10,126 53,129 10,126 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 67 380 67 380 Bags, tobacco______Dozen. 10,333 217 10,333 217 Pillowcases______Dozen. 137 271 137 271 Sheets______Dozen. 127 683 127 683 Towels______Dozen. 428 835 428 835 Miscellaneous______0) 18 (0 18 See footnotes at end of table. 229

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T able A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1 9 4 0 , fry State, system , and institution— Continued to CO TENNESSEE—Continued o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY—continued Other manufactured products______41 Canned fruits and vegetables ___ _. __ Cases 8,529 $14,763 8,529 $14, 763 Insecticides, disinfectants, and related Gallons. 6,960 6,323 6,960 6,323 chemical compounds. Do______Pounds- 34,782 2,903 34,782 2,903 Tobacco, smoking and chewing______Pounds. 43,064 16,563 43,064 16,563 BRUSHY MOUNTAIN PENITENTIARY Total______584 215,258 155,475 $59, 783 Construction: Major repairs to roads______191 0) 59,783 (9 59,783 Farm: Dairy______6 Milk, whole______Pounds. 73,356 2,201 73, 356 2,201 Farm: Field crops and garden______85 Hay______Tons 3,030 30,300 3,030 30,300 Potatoes______Bushels. 13,000 13,950 13,000 13,950 Miscellaneous______0) 8,390 0) 8,390 Mining: Coal______Tons___ 297 72,838 85, 559 72,838 85, 559 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 5 9,582 15,075 9,582 15,075 and vegetables. FORT PILLOW STATE FARM Total 348 247,338 90,456 151,300 $5,582

______1940 Construction: Buildings ______76 (9 120, Q00 (9 120,000 Construction: Major repairs to roads 100 (9 31,300 (9 31,300 Farm: Dairy______8 Milk, whole Pounds. 258,000 7,500 258,000 7,500 Farm: Field crops and garden 150 Corn, field______Bushels. 20,292 12,175 20, 292 12,175 C otton . _ ...... Bales _ 433 22,669 433 22,669 Cottonseed...... Tons__ 203 5,582 203 5,582 Ensilage______Tons.. _ 300 2,400 300 2,400 Hay . Tons. 500 6.000 500 6,000 Potatoes______Bushels. 5,487 5,487 5,487 5,487 Miscellaneous______(9 2,258 (9 2, 258

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Hogs______Hogs------Head-... 250 3,750 250 3,750 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 48,145 4,815 48,145 4,815 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 10,558 23,402 10,558 23.402 and vegetables.______TEXAS

STATE PRISON SYSTEM Total. 4,138 $3,145,725 $2,169, 229 $397,118 $579, 378

Agricultural implements and parts______W 14,025 0) 14,025 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms____ Dozen... 324 2,916 324 2,916 Clay, cement, and stone products______Brick______M _____ 1,710 28,461 1,710 28,461 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Building tile______Each.... 41,280 2, 250 41,280 2,250 Roofing tile______Squares. 768 11,360 768 11,360 Miscellaneous______0) 1,676 0) 1,676 Clothing______113 Aprons______Dozen... 118 447 118 447 Coats, work______Dozen... 474 6,608 474 6,608 Gloves and mittens______Doz.pr. 386 463 386 463 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 1,061 2,828 1,061 2,828 Overalls______Dozen... 324 3,227 324 3,227 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen... 57 402 57 402 Pants, work______Dozen... 2,696 21,426 2,696 21,426 Shirts, work______D6zen__. 2,492 18,376 2,492 18,376 Shoes, new______Pairs__ 40,445 87,163 40,445 87,163 Suits______Each__ 2,615 12,871 2,615 12,871 Underwear, men's and boys'______D ozen- 3,054 10,166 3,054 10,166 Miscellaneous______0) 54 0) 54 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 194 14 384.414 384,414 Construction: Major repairs to buildings.. 21 0) 12,704 0) 12, 704 Farm: Cattle______Head__ 15 839 29,869 839 29,8 Farm: Dairy______97 Butter______Pounds. 141,355 42,407 141,355 42,407 Milk, whole______Pounds. 5,017,.085 233,345 5,017,085 233,345 Farm: Field crops and garden______3,045 Corn, field______Bushels. 295,703 177,422 295,703 177,422 Cotton______Bales.... 13,277 619,271 911 42,290 12,366 576,981 Cottonseed______Tons__ 5,710 171,300 5,710 171,300 Ensilage______Tons__ 25,060 250,600 25,060 250,600 Hay______Tons__ 3,007 45,105 3,007 45,105 Potatoes______Bushels. 30,471 30,471 30,471 30,471 Rice______Pounds. 811,476 24,344 811,476 24,344 Sugarcane______Tons__ 6,270 21,945 6,270 21,945 Miscellaneous______0) 34,417 0) 34,417 Farm: Hogs______Head.... 3,494 52,983 3,494 52,983 Farm: Poultry and poultry products____

Eggs------Dozen.. 39,989 9,997 39,989 9,997 231 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 11,000 2,450 11,000 2,450 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 232 232 T able A.— K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , ty State, system , and institution — Continued • TEXAS—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison system—Continued Farm: Miscellaneous 3 Livestock ...... Head__ 75 $600 75 $600 Furniture: Metal . . . 23 Beds ...... 0) 6,232 6,232 Miscellaneous 0) 4,902 4,902 Furniture: Wood______7 8 Miscellaneous 0) 3,799 0) 3,799 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______5 Mattresses Each 1,801 6,028 1,801 6,028 Pillows _ Each __ 2,041 936 2,041 936 Grain-mill products______9 Corn meal______Barrels. 1, 556 6,223 1,556 6, 223 Feed, stock ______Tons___ 98 2,959 98 2,959 Miscellaneous.______0) 3,256 0) 3,256 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 48 signs. Auto license tags______Each... 3,735,700 140,088 3,735,700 140,088 Tags, miscellaneous______Each___ 15,000 273 15,000 273 Metal products: Miscellaneous______143 Cans, t i n ...______Each.. 141,471 7,292 141,471 7, 292 Machinery...... 0) 12,212 0) 12,212 Repairs..______(0 26, 562 0) 26, 562 Tinware______0) 6,007 0) 6,007 Miscellaneous______0) 13,502 0) 13, 502 1940 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______24 0) 14, 695 0) 14, 695 Soap and other detergents: Soap______Pounds. 2 240,100 14, 577 240,100 14,577 Sugar______68 * Cane syrup______Gallons. 90,000 36,000 90,000 36,000 Sugar______Pounds. 257,000 8,995 257,000 8,995 Textiles______24 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd ._ 14,386 647 14,386 647 Duck and canvas ______Sq. yd__ 20,620 2,292 20, 620 2,292 Miscellaneous______0) 52 0) 52 Textile products ______12 Bags, cloth. ______Dozen. 1, 353 5,334 1,353 5, 334 Covers, cushion______Each___ 3,312 498 3, 312 498

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES 233 ______1 500 500 475 1,056 $2,031 $2,397 264 341 1,666 0) 3,830 $33, 830 $33, . . . 30,000 5 0) 214 214 230 160 576 858 400 400 672 300 1,699 1,699 1,790 7,837 2,154 2,154 2,265 2,265 7,658 1,125 1,125 3,662 3,662 1,632 6,850 1,950 2,350 2,350 3,690 8,780 8,780 4,602 4,316 4,316 12,077 12,077 26, 775 775 26, 25,283 25,283 78,001 78,001 37,685 37,685 23,238 23,238 236,166 $54,051 18 11 660 231 231 170 112 295 995 995 130 235 1,271 1,271 1, 339 339 1, 2,013 2,013 1,440 1,965 2,689 2,689 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) (0 0) 58,295 58,295 35,753 35,753 266,118 266,118 306, 371 371 306, 182,424 182,424 184,500 1,134,527 1,134,527 2,028,150 2,028,150 1, 994,828 1, UTAH 230 400 400 214- 214- 858 672 672 576 500 660 300 1,699 1,699 1,790 7,658 7,658 6,850 2,397 7,837 7,837 3,662 1,632 1,632 2,265 2,265 2,154 1,125 1,125 1,056 1,056 1,950 2,350 2,350 3,690 8,780 8,780 3,830 3,830 4,791 4,791 4,602 12,077 12,077 26, 775 775 26, 37,685 37,685 78,001 25,283 23, 238 238 23, 30,000 30,000 236,166 $89, 912 $89, 5 18 11 112 170 231 295 130 995 264 235 800 160 800 1,271 1, 339 339 1, 1,440 1,965 1,965 1,000 3,030 3,030 2,013 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 58,295 58,295 35,753 35,753 306,371 306,371 266,118 184,500 182,424 182,424 1,134,527 1,134,527 2,028,150 2,028,150 1,994,828 1 2 1 5Other manufactured products manufactured 6 4 5Other 2 10 94 51 25 28 135 ______Bd.ft. Pounds. Cases... Each Each_. Pounds. _ Pounds Pounds. Pairs Pounds. Dozen- Dozen.. Head Head Each Dozen- Dozen.. Each Tons Head Each Dozen... Dozen... Tons Dozen _ ...... ____ ...... Each ...... ______. ______...... ______..... ______...... ______

______...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______...... ______STATE PRISON STATE ______...... ______Louis ------______...... St. Canned fruits and and vegetables.. fruits Canned Cement Lard______miscellaneous. articles, Leather Pork, dressed Lumber work Mill dressed Beef, Envelopes Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Pants, work Pants, Shirts, work Shirts, Shoes repaired repaired Shoes Cattle Miscellaneous Miscellaneous______paper Boxes, Hides______Towels Mutton Harness Eggs Beets, sugar Beets, C aimed fruits and vegetables______fruits aimed C Cases Hay...... Miscellaneous. Milk, whole... Auto license tags Auto license Highway markers. Highwaymarkers. ._ Toys of See See footnotes at end of table. Clothing Other manufactured products manufactured Other Farm: Farm: Poultry and poultry products Construction: Buildings Construction: Hogs Farm: Wood products Printing and binding: and Miscellaneous Printing Construction: Miscellaneous Construction: Farm: Farm: Cattle Farm: Farm: Dairy Total Farm: Field crops and Farm: garden crops Field Metal products Metal products

408102 os Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 23 4 4 23

T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y State, system , and institution— Continued VERMONT

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system

age STATE'S, UNITED THE’ IN LABOR PRISON num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______140 $114,271 $97,092 $17,179 Clothing, other than knit______lT Coats, work______Dozen 29 352 29 352 Dresses______Each___ 97 75 97 75 Hats and caps______Dozen. __ 14 59 14 59 Overalls______Dozen... 48 580 48 580 Overcoats______Each... 6 18 6 18 Pants, work______Dozen... 59 766 59 766 Shirts, work______Dozen... 44 524 44 521 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen... 4 24 4 24 Miscellaneous______0) 492 0) 492 Clothing, knit______1 Hosiery______Doz. pr. 209 226 209 226 ______Dozen. _ 7 42 7 42Underwear Farm: Cattle______7 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 38,600 4,246 38,600 4,246 Cattle______Head__ 39 3,946 28 3,460 11 486 Miscellaneous______0) 9 0) 9 Farm: Dairy.______11 Butter______Pounds. 7,868 2,363 7,868 2,363 Cream______Pounds. 1,925 770 1,925 770

Milk, skimmed______Pounds . 302,325 1, 512 302,325 1,512 1940 Milk, whole______Pounds. 549,550 14,178 549,550 14,178 Farm: Fiqjd crops and garden______51 Corn, field______Bushels. 294 221 294 221 Ensilage______Tons___ 800 4,000 800 4,000 Hay______Tons___ 686 7,272 555 5,666 131 1,606 ______Bushels. 6,400 4,817 6,367 4, 792 33 25Potatoes Miscellaneous. ______0) 5,707 0) 5,707 Farm: Hogs______1 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 35,55l 4, 111 35,551 4, i ii See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Farm: Poultry and poultry products______2 Eggs______!_ Dozen. __ 10,308 2, 577 10,308 2,577 Poultry, dressed___ Pounds. 9,605 2,608 9,605 2,608 Poultry’ live______Head__ 700 1,050 700 1,050 Furniture: Wood— 5 Chairs______Each— 98 471 98 471 Repairs______0) 450 0 450 Tables______Each___ 6 60 6 60 Laundry,commercial______... __ 16 0) 6,616 0 416 0 6,200 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 6 signs. Auto license tags...... Each___ 221,370 11,677 221,370 11,677 Highway markers ______.. ______Each... 6,945 8,792 6,945 8,792 Signs...". ______Each___ 1,743 367 30 46 1,713 321 Printing and binding __ ... ______8 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Envelopes ___T______Each. 58.500 88 58, 500 88 Letterheads______Each.. 63.500 127 63,500 127 Miscellaneous______0 2,518 0) 2,518 Textile products 1 Pillowcases______Dozen 21 50 21 50 Sheets______Dozen... 33 163 33 163 Miscellaneous______0) 10 0 10 Wood products: Lumber, rough. Bd.ft.-_ 13 810,000 14, 580 336,000 6,048 474,000 8, 532 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 7 0) 5,757 0 5, 757. and vegetables. STATE PRISON AND HOUSE OF CORRECTION FOR MEN Total...... 124 107, 655 96,676 10,979 Clothing, other than knit __ 11 Coats, work______. Dozen. _ 29 352 29 352 Dresses______. _ Each __ 97 75 97 75 Hats and caps______Dozen. 14 59 14 59 Overalls______Dozen.. 48 580 48 580 Overcoats______Each.. 6 18 6 18 Pants, work______Dozen.. 59 766 59 766 Shirts, work ______1___ Dozen.. 44 524 44 524 Underwear, men’s and boys’______Dozen... 4 24 4 24 Miscellaneous.. _ ... . ______._ 0 492 492 Clothing, knit. _ ...... ___ 1 (1) Hosiery______Doz. pr. 209 226 209 226 Underwear______... ______. Dozen.._ 7 42 7 42 Farm: Cattle__ ___.______7 Beef, dressed___... ______L____ . Pounds. 38,600 4, 246 38,600 4,246 Cattle______.. . ______Head__ 39 3,946 28 3,460 11 486 Hides______0 9 0 9 Farm: Dairy._ _ 11 Butter______Pounds. 7,868 2,363 7,868 2,363

Cream______Pounds. 1,925 770 1, 925 770 235 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 302, 325 1, 512 302, 325 1, 512 Milk, whole______Pounds. 549, 550 14,178 549, 550 14,178 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 236 236 T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , fey State, system , and institution —Continued VERMONT—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE! IN LABORPRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PE ISON AND HOUSE OF CORRECTION FOR men—continued Farm: Field crops and garden...... 51 Corn, field______Bushels. 294 $221 294 $221 Ensilage______Tons._ 800 4,000 800 4,000 Hay...... _ _ ... Tons__ 686 7,272 555 5,666 131 $1, 606 ______Bushels. 6,400 4,817 6,367 4,792 33 25Potatoes Miscellaneous______0 5,707 0 5,707 Farm: Hogs.______... i Pork, dressed___ Pounds. 35,551 4,111 35,551 4, 111 Farm: Poultry and poultry products.______2 E ggs______... ______Dozen 10,308 2,577 10,308 2,577 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 9,605 2,608 9,605 2,608 Poultry, live______Head.— 700 1,050 700 1,050 Furniture: Wood...... 5 Chairs______Each— 98 471 98 471 Repairs______450 ...... 450 Tables______Each___ W 6 60 ® 6 60 Metal products...... 6 Auto license tags______Each . 221,370 11,677 221, 370 11,677 Highway markers.. ______. Each _ 6,945 8,792 6,945 8,792 Signs.______Each— 1,743 367 30 46 1, 713 321 Printing and binding______. ______8 Envelopes______. Each.. 58, 500 88 58, 500 88 Letterheads______Each___ 63, 500 127 63, 500 127 1940 Miscellaneous______0) 2,518 0 2,518 Textile products______1 Pillowcases..______Dozen... 21 50 21 50 Sheets______Dozen... 33 163 33 163 Miscellaneous______0) 10 0 10 Wood products: Lumber, rough. __ .. Bd. ft... 13 810,000 14,580 336,000 6,048 474,000 8, 532 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 7 0 5,757 0 5,757 and vegetables.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WOMEN’S reformatory Total______16 I 6,616 416 | 6,200 Laundry, commercial______16 0) 6,616 0) 416 (9 6,200

VIRGINIA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______3,460 $2,180,105 $754, 029 J$l, 345,076 $81,000 = = = = ______Brooms, brushes, and mops: Mops . ___ Each___ 3 5,544 1, 561 5,544 1, 561 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick M _____ 18 965 9,648 965 9, 648 Clothing, other than knit______. 124 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Aprons______Dozen 157 589 157 589 Coats, dress..______Each. 515 6,726 515 6, 726 Coats) work______Dozen.. 381 10,467 381 10,467 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 626 2,058 626 2,058 Hats and caps______.. Dozen 795 3,989 795 3,989 Overcoats. .1______Each 3.193 12,563 3.193 12, 563 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen _ 39 675 39 675 Pants, dress______. ______Each .. 1.194 5, 663 1.194 5, 663 Pants, work______Dozen _ 2,462 41,346 2,462 41, 346 Shirts, dress ______Dozen 44 2,088 44 2,088 Shirts, work. ______Dozen 2,435 19, 546 2,435 19, 546 Shoes, new______Pairs__ 28,948 58,415 28,948 58,415 Suits______.. Each 2,000 18,457 2,000 18,457 Uniforms. ______Each 89 2,078 89 2,078 Miscellaneous.______(9 572 (0 572 Clothing, knit.. _____... ______37 Hosiery______Doz. pr. 7,079 8,087 7,079 8,087 Underwear______. Dozen. _ 3,497 13,140 3,497 13,140 Construction: Buildings______. ... 146 0) 172, 223 (9 172, 223 Construction: Land development.. ______5 (9 1,000 <9 1,000 Construction: Major repairs to roads ______576 (9 316, 281 (9 316, 281 Construction: Roads______1,666 (9 855, 572 (9 855, 572 Farm: Dairy______31 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 3,033 344 3,033 344 Cattle______Head. 1 09 2,952 123 2,952 Milk, whole______Pounds. 995,130 30,106 995,130 30,106 Miscellaneous______(9 210 (9 210 Farm: Field crops and garden.. ______293 Corn, field______Bushels. 9,180 6,590 9,180 6, 590 Cotton______Bales__ 71 3,389 71 3,389 Ensilage. ______Tons 75 450 75 450 Hay______Tons 844 11,864 844 11,864 Peanuts______... Bushels. 1, 212 1,200 1, 212 1,200 Potatoes______Bushels. 15,028 18, 290 15,028 18, 290 Wheat______... Bushels. 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 Miscellaneous...... (9 39,803 (9 39,803 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 238 T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , em d institution —Continued V IR G IN IA —Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ RSN AO I TE UIE (STATES, UNITED THE! IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Fafm: Hogs__...... 5 Hogs______Head. _ 260 $2,080 260 $2,080 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 64,618 7,520 64,618 7,520 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______11 Eggs______Dozen _ 21,401 5,336 21,401 5,336 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 3,500 560 3,500 560 Furniture: Metal______39 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 65 813 65 813 Cabinets.______Each___ 68 1, 660 68 1, 660 Card files______Each .. 190 997 190 997 Desks...... Each___ 132 858 132 858 Filing cases...... Each___ 571 15,109 571 15,109 Lockers...... _ . Each __ 145 913 145 913 Shelving...... _ _ Pieces __ 507 6,845 507 6,845 Transfer cases...... Each __ 1,014 2,867 1,014 2,867 Furniture: Wood_____ 102 Benches__ ___ Each 378 2,811 378 2,811 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each___ 148 2,556 148 2,556 Cabinets______Each___ 2 160 2 160 Card files...... Each___ 48 75 48 75 Chairs______Each___ 6,138 20,498 6,138 20,498 Desks______Each___ 720 11,832 720 11,832 Filing cases______Each___ 41 337 41 337 Stools______Each _ 276 576 276 576 1940 Tables...... Each __ 545 4,976 545 4,976 Miscellaneous____ . (9 14,815 (9 14,815 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 47 signs. Auto license tags____ _ Each 1,103,398 55,256 1,103,398 55, 256 Highway markers______Each___ 3,422 6,383 3,422 6,383 Tags, miscellaneous.. __ _ Each___ 157,000 10,277 157,000 10, 277 Metal products: Miscellaneous. 13 (9 9,346 (9 9,346 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 55 (9 48,133 (9 48,133 Quarrying and rock crushing: Lime and Tons---- 58 90,000 81,000 90,000 $81,000 agricultural limestone.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Textiles______Blankets______Each.. 13,051 27, 232 13,051 27,232 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd 534,095 60,923 534,095 60,923 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd 39, 684 26,114 39,684 26,114 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 103,178 23, 742 103,178 23,742 Textile products______Bags, cloth______Dozen. 108 26 108 26 Covers, mattress______Each__ 1,524 2,413 1, 524 2,413 Flags______0) 15 (0 15 Pillowcases______D ozen - 1,253 2,381 1,253 2,381 Sheets______Dozen.— 1,567 10,345 1,567 10,345 Ticks, bed______Each___ 900 1,163 900 1,163 Ticks, pillow------Each___ 900 188 900 188 Towels______Dozen... 1,016 1,270 1,016 1,270 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 18,516 27,762 18,516 27,762 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX and vegetables.

STATE INDUSTRIAL FARM FOR WOMEN Total. 12,789 12,789 Farm: Dairy______Milk, whole______Pounds. 100,797 3,024 100,797 3,024 Farm: Field crops and garden— ...... Miscellaneous______(0 3,893 0) 3,893 Farm: Hogs______Pork, dressed______Pounds. 32,920 4,115 32,920 4,115 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Dozen. 3,593 898 3,593 898 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 573 859 573 859 and vegetables.

STATE PENITENTIARY AND CONVICT ROAD FORCE Total______2,028,686 602, 610 $1,345,076 81,000 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Mops. Each___ 1, 561 5,5445,544 1,561 Clothing, other than knit______Aprons______Dozen.. 157 589 157 589 Coats, dress______E a c h - 515 6,726 515 6,726 Coats, work______Dozen.. 381 10,467 381 10,467 Gloves and mittens...... Doz. pr. 626 2,058 626 2,058 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 795 3,989 795 3,989 Overcoats______Each... 3.193 12,563 3.193 12,563 Pajamas and nightgowns------Dozen.. 39 675 39 675 Pants, dress______Each... 1.194 5,663 1.194 5, 663 Pants, work...... Dozen.. 2,462 41, 346 2,462 41,346 Shirts, dress______Dozen.. 44 2,088 44 2,088 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 2,435 19,546 2,435 19,546 Shoes, new______Pairs. 28,948 58,415 28,948 58,415 Suits______E a c h - 2,000 18,457 2,000 18,457 OO See footnotes at end of table. CD

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e A.—K i n d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , a r a d institution —Continued to VIRGINIA—Continued O

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY AND CONVICT ROAD force—continued Clothing, other than knit—Continued. Uniforms______Each___ 89 $2,078 89 $2,078 Miscellaneous______(9 572 (9 572 Clothing, knit..______37 Hosiery...... Doz. pr 7,079 8,087 7,079 8,087 Underwear...... Dozen 3,497 13,140 3,497 13,140 Construction: Buildings______146 0) 172,223 $172, 223 Construction: Land development______5 0) 1,000 1,000 Construction: Major repairs to roads______576 0) 316,281 0) 316, 281 Construction: Roads______1,666 0) 855, 572 0) 855, 572 Farm: Dairy...... 3 Beef, dressed______Pounds . 1,000 100 1,000 100 Milk, whole______Pounds. 51, 600 1,800 51, 600 1,800 Miscellaneous______(9 210 05 210 Farm: Field crops and garden______92 Corn, field______Bushels. 1,180 590 1,180 590 Cotton______Bales 71 3,389 71 3, 389 Ensilage...... T on s__ 75 450 75 450 Hay______T on s__ 75 900 75 900 Peanuts______Bushels . 1,212 1,200 1, 212 1,200 Potatoes...... Bushels. 5,528 7,290 5, 528 7,290 Miscellaneous______0) 910 0) 910 Farm: Hogs______1 1940 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 22, 288 2,229 22,288 2,229 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______1 Eggs______Dozen 285 57 285 57 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 3,500 560 3,500 560 Furniture: Metal______39 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc...... Each___ 65 813 65 813 Card files...... Each.. 190 997 190 997 Cabinets, filing______Each___ 571 15,109 571 15,109 Cabinets, storage.______Each 68 1,660 68 1,660 Desks______Each .. 132 858 132 858 Lockers...... Each .. 145 913 145 913 Shelving______Pieces... 507 6.845 507 6.845

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Transfer cases______Each__ 1,014 2,867 1,014 2,867 Furniture: Wood______102 Benches______Each 378 2,811 378 2,811 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc______Each 148 2,556 148 2,556 Cabinets, filing______Each 41 337 41 337 Cabinets, storage______Each __ 2 160 2 160 Card files______Each __ 48 75 48 75 Chairs______Each___ 6,138 20,498 6,138 20,498 Desks______Each ... 720 11,832 720 11,832 Stools______... ______Each___ 276 576 276 576 Tables______Each___ 545 4,976 545 4,976 Miscellaneous______0) 14, 815 0) 14,815 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 47 signs. Auto license tags______Each 1,103, 398 55, 256 1,103,398 55,256 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Highway markers______Each 3,422 6,383 3,422 6,383 Tags, miscellaneous______Each 157,000 10,277 157,000 10,277 Metal products: Miscellaneous______13 (0 9,346 0) 9,346 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______55 0) 48,133 0) 48,133 Quarrying and rock crushing: Lime and Tons___ 58 90,000 81,000 90,000 $81,000 agricultural limestone. Textiles______192 Blankets______Each 13,051 27,232 13,051 27,232 Cotton yard goods, light______Sq. yd 534,095 60,923 534,095 60,923 Wool yard goods______Sq. yd 39, 684 26,114 39, 684 26,114 Yarn, cotton______Pounds. 103,178 23, 742 103,178 23, 742 Textile products------16 Bags, cloth______Dozen 108 26 108 26 Covers, mattress______Eanh 1,524 2,413 1, 524 2,413 Flags______(0 15 0) 15 Pillowcases______Dozen 1,253 2,381 1, 253 2,381 Sheets______Dozen 1, 567 10,345 1, 567 10, 345 Ticks, bed------Each 900 1,163 900 1,163 Ticks, pillow______Each 900 188 900 188 Towels______Dozen 1,016 1,270 1,016 1,270 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 2 667 1,000 667 1,000 and vegetables. STATE FARM Total______245 138, 630 138,630 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick___ M 18 965 9,648 965 9,648 Farm: Dairy______20 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 2,033 244 2,033 244 Cattle______Head 123 2,952 123 2,952 Milk, whole______Pounds. 842, 733 25, 282 842, 733 25, 282 Farm: Field crops and garden______191 Corn, field______Bushels. 8,000 6,000 8,666 6,000 Hay______Tons 769 10,964 769 10,964 Potatoes______Bushels. 9,500 11,000 9,500 11,000

Wheat______Bushels. 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 1 4 2 Miscellaneous______0) 35,000 0) 35,000 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 242 242 T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940 , by State, system , a r c J institution —C o n t i n u e d VIRGINIA-—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

s t a t e f a r m —continued EarmrHogs______2 Hogs______Head 260 $2,080 260 $2,080 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 9,410 1,176 9,410 1,176 Earm: Poultry and poultry products______2 Eggs______Dozen... 17,523 4,381 17,523 4,381 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 12 17,276 25,903 17,276 25,903 and vegetables.

WASHINGTON

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. 875 $320,051 $235,949 $82,350 $1,752 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick. M. 66 729 9,578 729 9,578 Clothing, other than knit______179 Aprons______Dozen.. 26 134 26 134 Coats, dress..______Each... 107 573 107 573 Coats, work______Dozen.. 128 2,221 128 2,221 Cloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 2,566 3,561 2,566 3,561 Hats and caps.______Dozen.. 39 46 39 46 Overalls______Dozen.. 272 3,226 272 3,226

Overcoats______Each... 447 2,905 447 2,905 1940 Pajamas and nightgowns...... Dozen.. 4 29 4 29 Pants, dress______Each... 534 1,870 534 1,870 Pants, work______Dozen- 229 2,739 229 2,739 Shirts, dress______Dozen.. 70 844 70 844 Shirts, work______Dozen- 439 4,336 439 4,336 Shoes, new______Pairs... 5,189 19,453 5,189 19,453 Shoes repaired______Pairs. __ 8,056 3,631 8,056 3,631 Suits______Each... 833 9,163 833 9,163 Underwear, men’s and boys'------Dozen. . 346 942 346 942 Miscellaneous...... 0) 59 0) 59

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Clothing, knit: Hosiery------Doz. pr._ 23 4,588 5, 506 4, 588 5,506 Construction: B u ild in g s ______Each___ 4 1 1,350 1 1,350 Construction: Major repairs to roads______13 (9 11,000 (9 11,000 Construction: Miscellaneous______141 (9 70,000 (9 70,000 Farm: Dairy.. . ______------50 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 15,373 1,838 15,373 1,838 Butter______Pounds. 52,095 15,704 52,095 15,704 Cattle______Head__ 165 7,867 146 7,068 19 799 Cream______Pounds. 17,300 2,591 17,300 2,591 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 1,412,600 4,558 1,412,600 4,558 Milk, whole______Pounds. 314,300 5,851 314,300 5,851 Miscellaneous______(9 1,169 0) 997 (9 172 Farm: Field crops and garden______120 Ensilage------Tons___ 911 4,555 911 4,555 Hay______Tons___ 185 1,295 185 1,295 A APPENDIX Oats______Bushels. 4,131 1,322 4,131 1,322 Potatoes______Bushels . 6,263 3,758 6,263 3,758 Miscellaneous______<9 12,046 (9 12,046 Farm: Hogs______13 Hogs------Head.... 356 4,122 301 3,341 55 781 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 121,280 11, 263 121,280 11,263 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______9 Eggs------D ozen - 19,775 3,595 19, 775 3,595 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 3,696 502 3,696 502 ---- Poultry, live______Head__ 741 445 741 445 Furniture: Wood______5 GENERAL TABLES Benches______Each. 408 408 408 408 Desks______Each. 3 105 3 105 Tables______Each. 158 1,288 158 1,288 Miscellaneous______208 104 208 104 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______12 Mattresses______Each. 231 957 231 957 Repairs______(9 336 (9 336 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 183 signs. Auto license tags______Each. 1,227,144 43,829 1,227,144 43,829 Highway markers______Each. 6,237 11,056 6,237 11,056 Metal products: Miscellaneous______5 Galvanized ware______Pieces. 48 187 48 187 Tinware______Pieces. 1,941 297 1,941 297 Miscellaneous______(9 69 (9 69 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______15 (9 5,750 (9 5,750 Soap and other detergents: Soap______Pounds _ 1 50, 790 2,074 50,790 2,074 Textile products______4 Pillowcases______Dozen. 78 233 78 233 Sheets.______Dozen. 124 1,147 124 1,147 Towels______Dozen. 394 796 394 796 Miscellaneous______(9 96 C9 96 See footnotes at end of table. fcO 00(4^

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4 4 2 T a b l e A.— K ind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, fry State, system, arcd institution— Continued

WASHINGTON—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED E H T IN LABOR N PRISO Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

a l l institutions — co n tin u e d Wood products______Boxes______Each.. 1,628 $407 1,628 $407 Coffins and rough boxes______Each-. 30 300 30 300 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases. 10,260 14,965 10,260 14,965 and vegetables.

STATE PENITENTIARY Total- 549 178,957 148,917 $30,000 $40 Clothing, other than knit____ 148 Coats, dress______Each._- 101 555 101 555 Coats, work______Dozen.. 62 735 62 735 Gloves and mittens______Doz.pr. 2,409 3,373 2,409 3,373 Overalls______Dozen. - 267 3,166 267 3,166 Overcoats...... __r___ Each-.- 447 2,905 447 2, 905 Pants, dress______Each-.- 362 1,357 362 1,357 Pants, work______Dozen.. 11 133 11 133 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 258 2,624 258 2,624 Shoes, new______Pairs..- 4,060 15,643 4,060 15,643 Shoes repaired...... Pairs. 6,670 2,668 6, 670 2,668 Suits______Each--. 459 5,049 459 5,049 - Underwear, men’s and boys’ . Dozen.. 246 742 246 742 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz.pr. 23 4,588 5,506 4,588 5,506 Construction: Miscellaneous___ 54 0) 30,000 0) 30,000 1940 Farm: Dairy______16 Butter______Pounds. 12,128 3,219 12,128 3,219 Cattle______Head __ 1,178 37 1,138 2 40 Cream______Pounds. 17, 2,591 17,300 2,591 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 430, 2,102 430,400 2,102 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 120, 2,190 120,600 2,190 Miscellaneous______0) 58 0) 58 Farm: Field crops and garden__ 50 Miscellaneous______0) 5,9 0) 5,960 Farm: Hogs...______10 Hogs...... Head- 150 150

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pork, dressed ______Pounds. 69,099 6, 536 69,099 6, 536 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 5 Eggs ...... 3,257 584 3, 257 584 Poultry, dressed __ Pounds_ 1,485 171 1,485 171 FurnitureWood 5 408 408 408 408 D esks.______.. ______Each 3 105 3 105 Tables ______Each 158 1,288 158 1,288 0 ) 104 0 ) 104 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 12 231 957 231 957 Repairs ______Each 387 336 387 336 Metal * products: Tags, highway markers, 183 and signs. Auto license tags 1,227,144 43,829 1,227,144 43,829 GENERAL TABLES A— APPENDIX Highway markers 6,237 11,056 6,237 11,056 Metal products: Miscellaneous 5 Galvanized ware 48 187 48 187 Tinware Pieces 1,941 297 1,941 297 M iscellaneous0 ) 69 0 ) 69 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 100 ) 5,000 (0 5,000 Soap and other detergents: Soap Pounds. 1 50,790 2,074 50, 790 2,074 Textile products______(2) Sheets...... Dozen. 20 192 20 192 Towels.. ______Dozen. . 237 473 237 473 Wood products. 2 Boxes.. ______Each.. 1,628 407 1,628 407 Coffins and rough boxes Each 30 300 30 300 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 25 8,927 12,680 8,927 12,680 and vegetables. STATE REFORMATORY Total..______326 141,094 87,032 52,350 1,712 Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick M 66 729 9, 578 729 9, 578 Clothing______31 Aprons . . . Dozen 26 134 26 134 Coats, dress.._ Each 6 18 6 18 Coats, work . Dozen 66 1,486 66 1,486 Gloves and mittens__ _ _ Doz. pr 157188 157 188 Hats and caps______. Dozen .. 39 46 39 46 Overalls______Dozen... 5 60 5 60 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen 4 29 4 29 Pants, dress______. Each.. 172 513 172 513 Pants, work______Dozen 218 2,606 218 2,606 ______dress...Dozen __ _ ... 70 844 70 844Shirts, Shirts, work______Dozen. 181 1,712 181 1,712 Shoes, new______Pairs__ 1,129 3,810 1,129 3,810 ______repairedPairs__ 1,386 963 1,386 963Shoes Suits______... ______Each___ 374 4,114 374 4,114

Underwear, men’s and boys’ . _ ____ Dozen 100 200 100 200 5 4 2 Miscellaneous______0 ) 59 0 ) 59 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 246 246 T a b l e A.—K i n d , q u a n tity, and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1 9 4 0 , b y S ta te, s y s te m , anrf institution —Continued WASHINGTON—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ P R IS O N L A B O R I N T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S , , S E T A T S D E IT N U E H T N I R O B A L N O IS R P Unit ber of Public works and Institution and articles produced pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE REFORMATORY— C ontinued

Construction: Buildings______Each___ 4 1 $1,350 $1,350 Construction: Major repairs to roads______13 (0 11,000 0) 11,000 Construction: Miscellaneous______87 0) 40,000 0) 40,000 Farm: Dairy______... ______34 Beef, dressed------Pounds. 15, 373 1,838 15,373 $1,838 Butter______Pounds. 39,967 12,485 39,967 12,485 Cattle______Head. _ _ 126 6,689 109 5,930 17 $759 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 982,200 2,456 982,200 2,456 Milk, whole______Pounds. 193,700 3,661 193, 700 3,661 Miscellaneous______... 0) 1,111 0) 939 0) 172 Farm: Field crops and garden______70 Ensilage______Tons___ 911 4,555 911 4, 555 Hay______Tons___ 185 1,295 185 1,295 Oats______Bushels. 4,131 1,322 4,131 1,322 Potatoes______Bushels. 6,263 3,758 6,263 3,758 Miscellaneous------0) 6,086 0) 6,086 Farm: Hogs.______3 Hogs______Head.— 350 3,972 295 3,191 55 781 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 52,181 4,727 52,181 4, 727 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______4 Eggs------Dozen. __ 16, 518 3,011 16,518 3,011 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 2,211 331 2,211 331 Poultry, live------H ead... 741 445 741 445 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______5 0) 750 0) 750 1940 Textile products------4 Pillowcases______Dozen. 78 233 78 233 Sheets______Dozen. 104 955 104 955 Towels______Dozen. 157 323 157 323 Miscellaneous______(0 96 0) 96 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 5 1,333 2,285 1,333 2,285 and vegetables.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WEST VIRGINIA

ALL INSTITUTIONS T o ta l 921 $1,195,138 $166,650 $1,027,836 $652

C lo th in g 19 A prnns Dozen 24 100 24 100 Coats, dross Faoh 108 227 108 227 Coats, worlr Dozen. 155 2,264 155 2,264 Hats and raps Dozen. 292 350 292 350 O veralls Dozen 176 2,123 176 2,123 Pants, dress Each 100 600 100 600 Pants^ wnrk Dozen 878 7,969 878 7,969 Shirts, dress Dozen 77 809 77 809 A APPENDIX Shirts, work Dozen 298 2,160 298 2,160 Shoes repaired ______Pairs 4,848 3,636 4,848 3,636 Construction: Buildings ______Each _ 5 6 3,925 6 3,925 Construction: Band development 35 (i) 7, 500 0) 7,500 Construction: Roads ______551 0) 977,960 0) 977,960 Constmetion: Miscellaneous 118 0) 38,451 0) 38,451 Farm: Cattle 3 Beef, dressed ...... Pounds. 61,826 8,350 61,826 8,350

C a ttle Head 114 4,818 113 4,728 1 90 ---- Miscellaneous (0 562 0) 562 Farm: Dairy 7 GENERAL TABLES Beef, dressed Pounds. 23,896 2,717 23,896 2,717 C a ttle Head 36 1,137 36 1,137 M ilk, whole Pounds. 243,051 5,476 243,051 5, 476 Farm: Field crops and garden 95 B a rle y Bushels. 2,722 1,113 2,722 1,113 Corn, field Bushels. 5,001 2,570 5,001 2, 570 H a y T o n s 150 1,200 150 1,200 Potatoes Bushels. 22,917 15,788 22,917 15,788 S tra w Tons 250 1. 502 250 1, 502 W h e a t Bushels. 1,800 1,285 1,800 1,285 Miscellaneous 0) 13, 272 0) 13,272 F a rm : Hogs 5 Hogs Head 207 1,686 207 1,686 Pork, dressed Pounds. 86,930 9,367 86,930 9,367 Miscellaneous. ______0) 23 0) 23 Farm: Poultry and poultry products 4 Fggs Dozen 7,363 545 7,363 545 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 717 158 717 158 Poultry, live Head 715 302 715 302 Furniture: Metal 5 Benches E ac h 1 36 1 36 C a b in ets E ac h 20 689 20 689 C hairs Each _ 21 143 21 143 Desks Each _ 7 254 7 254 7 4 2 T a b les Each 1 14 1 14 Miscellaneous______0 ) 95 0 ) 95 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 24 8 8 24 T a b l e A .— K ind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, andf institution— Continued WEST VIRGINIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and S, TE A ST NITED U U TH IN LABOR N PRISO Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

ALL institutions—continued * Metal products: Miscellaneous______2 (0 $493 0) $493 Mining: Coal _ Tons___ 21 11,446 22,892 11,446 22,892 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous ___ 3 (0 3,000 0) 3,000 Quarrying and rock crushing______38 Lime and agricultural limestone______Tons 621 918 621 918 Stone, building______Tons 2,314 31,246 2,314 31,246 Textile products______2 Pillowcases______Dozen 42 100 42 100 Sheets Dozen 75 405 75 405 Towels.. ______Dozen. 500 1,005 500 1,005 Miscellaneous______300 270 300 270 Wood products: Lumber. ______Bd. ft... 3 85,000 2,550 85,000 2, 550 Other manufactured products______5 Canned fruits and vegetables______Barrels 113 565 113 565 Do .... _ _ __ Cases 8,876 10,518 8, 876 10,518 STATE PENITENTIARY Total...... 816 1,132, 558 116,147 $1,016,411 Clothing...... 19 Aprons...... Dozen 24 100 24 100 Coats, dress...... Each _. 108 227 108 227 Coats, work...... Dozen __ 155 2,264 155 2,264

Hats and caps______Dozen _ 292 350 292 350 1940 Overalls______Dozen . 176 2,123 176 2,123 Pants, dress.______Each .. 100 600 100 600 Pants, work...... Dozen . 878 7,969 878 7,969 Shirts, dress______Dozen .. 77 809 77 809 Shirts, work...... Dozen... 298 2,160 298 2,160 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 4,848 3,636 4,848 3, 636 Construction: Roads ______651 0) 977,960 0) 977,960 Construction: Miscellaneous 118 0) 38,451 0) 38,451 Farm: Dairy______5 Beef, dressed ...... Pounds. 23,896 2,717 23,896 2,717 Cattle______Head .. 10 200 10 200 Milk, whole______Pounds. 192, 769 4,472 192, 769 4,472

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Digitized Reserve for FRASER Bank ,S0I80fr Farm: Field crops and garden...... crops Field and Farm: am Dairy Farm: Total. am Cattle Farm: development. Land Construction: osrcin Buildings Construction: Other manufacturedproducts Textileproducts______uryn ad ok rsig Soe build­ Stone, crushing: rock andQuarrying rnigadbnig Miscellaneous Printing and binding: Coal Mining: ea rdcs Miscellaneous products: Metal untr: Metal Furniture: Farm: Poultry and poultry products______andpoultry Poultry Farm: am Hogs Farm: am Fieldgardencrops and Farm: ing. See footnotes at end of table. of end at footnotes See of Wheat______Miscellaneous Straw______Potatoes Hay Barley______Com, field Com, Milk, whole Milk, Cattle Miscellaneous Cattle Beef,dressed Miscellaneous ______Towels Canned fruitsvegetables and Sheets Pillowcases______Miscellaneous Tables Desks Benches Chairs Cabinets______live Poultry, Eggs dressed.Pork, Hogs------Miscellaneous TT MDU SCRT PRISON SECURITY MEDIUM STATE St. Do ------______Louis ______------______------. ______Tons Tons Bushels . Bushels. Head.—. Bushels. Bushels. Pounds. Head.... Pounds. Each... Barrels Dozen.. Dozen.. Dozen.. Cases.. Tons.. Tons.. Dozen.. Each.. Each.. Each.. Each.. Each.. Pounds - d a e H __ __ 105 0) - 22,917 50,282 61,826 80.376 0) 11,446 0) 0) (0 0) 0) 0) 0) 2,722 1,800 5,001 8,876 2,314 6,549 250 150 114 500 113 26 75 42 21 20 42 6 7 1 1 15, 788 62, 580 10, 518 31,246 22,892 6,213 2,570 4,818 1,285 1, 502 1,200 8, 350 7,500 1,113 1,004 3,925 1,005 3, 000 8,842 7,059 937 562 565 270 405 100 493 689 420 254 422 143 95 36 52 14 = = = = = 22,917 61, 826 50,282 80, 376 11,446 (9 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) (0 2, 722 1,800 5,001 8,876 2,314 6, 549 250 150 113 113 500 26 42 75 42 21 20 1 7 1 15, 788 50,503 10, 518 31,246 22,892 6,213 8,350 1, 502 2, 570 ,2 1 4,728 1,285 1,004 1,200 1,113 3,000 8,842 1,005 7,059 937 565 270 405 493 100 422 254 689 420 143 95 52 36 14 0) 6 11,425 3, 925 7,500 (9 ... = $652 562 90 = —

------

249 APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX 250 250 T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued WEST VIRGINIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THU IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state medium secubity prison—continued Farm: Hogs______Hogs------H ead... 165 $1, 266 165 $1,266 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 6,554 525 6, 554 525 Miscellaneous______0) 23 0) 23 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------Dozen.. 814 123 814 123 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 717 158 717 158 Poultry, live.-.:------H ead... 500 250 500 250 Quarrying and rock crushing: Lime and T on s.... 621 918 621 918 agricultural limestone. Wood products: Lumber______Bd. ft... 85,000 2,550 85,000 2,550

WISCONSIN

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. 1,262 $919,813 $590,349 $31, 221 $298, 243 Clay, cement, and stone products: Miscel­ (2) 0) 162 (9 162 laneous. Clothing, other than knit______128 Aprons______Dozen.. 44 148 44 148 Coats, dress.------E ach.... 767 2,559 767 2,559 1940 Coats, w ork.------D ozen - 187 1, 882 187 1,882 Dresses...... Each.. . 575 716 575 716 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 111 94 111 94 Hats and caps------Dozen __ 158 263 158 263 Labor only______0 ) 48 0) 48 Overalls------Dozen. 220 1, 723 220 1, 723 Overcoats______E ach - 282 1,777 282 1,777 Pajamas and nightgowns------Dozen. 1 7 1 7 Pants, dress______E ach - 1,209 3,091 1,209 3,091 Pants, w ork ...... Dozen. 219 2,264 219 2, 264 Shirts, work...... Dozen. 234 1,615 234 1,615

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Shoes, new...... Pairs___ 7,338 15,213 7,338 15,213 Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 7,773 2,128 7, 773 2,128 D o______0 438 0 438 Suits______Each 1,148 6,674 1,133 6,558 15 116 Underwear, men’s and hoys’ ______Dozen.... — 189 984 189 984 Underwea r* women’s and children’s_____ Dozen.... 31 484 31 484 Miscellaneous______0 223 0 223 Clothing, knit: Hosiery______Doz. pr_ 4 166 1,837 166 1,837 Construction: Buildings... ______Each___ 7 1 27,138 1 27,138 Construction: Land development______... 13 0) 4,083 0 4,083 Cordage: Binder twine______Pounds. 170 3,698,700 217,997 25, 250 2,040 3,673, 450 215,957 Barm: Cattle______11 Beef, dressed______Pounds 32,805 3,532 32,805 3,532 Cattle______Head 45 4,996 45 4,996 Miscellaneous______0 105 0 4 0 101 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Farm: D a ir y ______65 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 255 37 255 37 Butter______Pounds. 60,010 16, 323 60,010 16,323 Cattle______Head 26 1,703 1 125 25 1,578 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 295,614 3,407 295,614 3,407 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 3,052,140 62,889 3,052,140 62,889 Miscellaneous______0) 6,862 0 6,862 Farm: Field crops and garden______172 B a r l e y . ______Bushels. 4,006 2,861 4,006 2, 861 Beets, su gar______0) 2,949 0 2,949 Corn, field...... Bushels . 2,255 817 2, 255 817 Ensilage______Tons 1,593 5,586 1,593 5,586 H a y .______Tons 1,595 15, 769 1, 595 15,769 Oats______. Bushels. 3,040 973 3,040 973 Peas, shelled______Pounds. 22,444 2, 244 22, 444 2,244 Potatoes______Bushels. 18,943 11, 742 18,943 11, 742 Miscellaneous______0 45,942 0) 45,942 Farm: Hogs______18 H ogs... ______Head 19 270 18 264 1 6 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 188,207 16, 261 172,702 15,699 15, 505 562 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______7 Eggs______Dozen 14,665 3,081 14,665 3,081 Poultry, dressed ______Pounds. 13,320 3, 238 13,320 3,238 Farm: Miscellaneous______82 0) 30, 792 d 30,441 0 351 Furniture: Metal______103 Chairs______... Each 1,180 2,557 1,180 2,557 D e s k s .______Each___ 91 1,414 91 1,414 Filing cases______. Each 1,088 8,288 1,088 8,288 Lockers and cabinets______Each 233 2, 929 233 2,929 Shelving______0 1,218 0 1,218 Tables______Each . 139 2,293 139 2,293 Miscellaneous______0 956 0 956 See footnotes at end of table.

t o O r

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 252 252 T able A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued WISCONSIN—Continued I Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Furniture: W ood______122 Benches-...... Each. 77 $422 73 $408 4 $14 Chairs______Each. 22,974 37, 885 390 1,045 22, 584 36,840 Chairs, upholstered...... Each. 427 1,361 6 98 421 1,263 Desks______Each. 51 681 50 673 1 8 Repairs______0) 1,134 0) 356 0) 778 Tables______Each. 3,795 28,481 27 276 3,768 28,205 Miscellaneous______0) 2, 543 (0 1, 939 0) 604 Furniture: Other than metal or w ood______26 Labor only______(0 3,592 3, 592 Laundry, commercial______34 (0 14,833 14, 833 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 55 signs. Auto license tags______Each. 935,527 117, 260 935,527 117,260 Signs______Each. 18,404 12,089 18,404 12,089 Tags, miscellaneous...... Each. 14 351, 243 7, 544 14 351, 243 7, 544 Miscellaneous______0) 1,483 <>) 1, 483 Metal products: Miscellaneous...... 15 Galvanized ware...... Pieces. 8 75 8 75 Laundry equipment______0) 3,417 0) 3, 417 Tinware______Pieces. 84,289 5,539 84, 289 5, 539 Miscellaneous...... 0) 4,364 0) 4,205 0) 159 Paint...... Gallons. 8 28, 270 51, 752 28,270 51, 752

Printing and binding______13 1940 Envelopes...... Each. 1,356,315 1, 918 1, 356, 315 1, 918 Letterheads______Each. 331, 250 594 331, 250 594 Miscellaneous...... 0) 12,517 0) 12, 517 Quarrying and rock crushing...... 72 Stone, building______Tons. 1,409 20,620 1,409 20,620 D o______(0 50 50 Stone, crushed...... (i) 1,245 1,245 Textile products______>------19 -- Bags, cloth______Dozen 3 14 3 Mopheads______Dozen. 42 180 42 180 Pillowcases______Dozen. 93 270 93 270 Repairs...... 0) 112 0) ii2 ‘

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sheets______Dozen.. 108 757 108 7 57 Towels______Dozen.. 760 1 ,3 4 2 760 1 ,3 4 2 Miscellaneous. _...... 0) 3 01 0) 2 67 0) 3 4 Wood products______17 Firewood______Cords... 1,200 3 ,3 0 0 1,200 3 ,3 0 0 Shingles______Bundles 2 ,4 1 1 5 ,3 1 4 2 ,4 1 1 5 ,3 1 4 Other manufactured products...... 40 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases.. 3 ,3 8 7 3 ,3 6 6 3 ,3 8 7 3 ,3 6 6 Do______Gallons 3 4 ,4 6 5 5 ,4 4 0 3 4 ,4 6 5 5 .4 4 0 Do______0) 2 ,9 5 9 0) 2 ,9 5 9 Trucks, laundry (canvas)______... Each.. 600 2 ,1 9 6 600 2 ,1 9 6 Miscellaneous______0) 722 0) 722 Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs 61 0) 6, 559 - 0 ) 6, 559 (auto paint and wax jobs). PEDX —GNRL TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX CENTRAL STATE HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE

Total______45 7 , 431 6 ,5 6 8 863

Clothing______4 Aprons______Dozen.. 2 22 2 22 Coats, work...... Dozen.. 1 26 1 26 Labor only...... 0) 31 0) 31 Overalls______Dozen.. 2 19 2 19 Pants, work______Dozen.. 15 212 15 212 Shirts, work______Dozen- 10 82 10 8 2 Farm: Field crops and garden..______24 Miscellaneous______(0 2 ,4 8 0 0) 2 ,4 8 0 Farm: Hogs.______3 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 1 2 ,6 7 2 1, 559 12,672 1,559 Furniture: W o o d .______9 Benches______Each- 4 14 4 14 Chairs______Each.. 103 213 103 213 Desks______Each.. 1 8 1 8 Repairs______( i ) 156 (0 156 Tables______Each. 25 64 25 64 Miscellaneous______0) 374 0) 3 74 Textile products. ______3 Sheets______Dozen.. 27 168 27 168 Towels______Dozen.. 35 38 35 38 Miscellaneous______( l) 122 0) 88 0) 34 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 2 0) 1, 843 0) 1 ,8 4 3 and vegetables. STATE PRISON FOR WOMEN Total. 47 15, 273 1 3 ,6 8 9 t 1, 584

Clothing______15 Aprons_____ Dozen.. 5 21 5 21 Coats, dress. . Each... 1 4 1 4 Dresses____ Each. _ 575 7 16 575 716 to Oi See footnotes at end of table. CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 254 254 T a b l e A.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, b y State, system , aric? institution— Continued WISCONSIN— Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE! UNITED STATES, STATES, UNITED THE! IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison for woman—continued Clothing—Continued. Overalls..- ______Dozen... 4 $63 4 $63 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. __ 1 7 1 7 Underwear, women's and children's_____ D ozen... 31 484 31 484 Miscellaneous______0) 53 0) 53 Farm: D airy... ______4 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 255 37 255 37 Butter______Pounds . 7,640 2,104 7,640 2,104 Cattle______Head___ — 26 1,703 1 125 25 $1,578 Milk, skimmed______Pounds. 295,614 3,407 295,614 3,407 Milk, whole___: ______Pounds. 35, 749 665 35, 749 665 Farm: Field crops and garden...... 13 Barley . . . . ______Bushels. 532 266 532 266 Corn, field______Bushels. 817 235 817 235 Ensilage______Tons . . . 236 716 236 716 H ay______T ons___ 95 760 95 760 Miscellaneous______0) 1,660 (0 1,660 Farm: Hogs______1 Hogs______H ead... 19 270 18 264 1 6 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 3, 276 273 3,276 273 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______(2) Eggs .. _____ Dozen ... 2,263 462 2,263 462 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 636 140 636 140 Textile products...... 3 1940 Pillowcases______D ozen... 9 30 9 30 Sheets______D ozen... 12 101 12 101 Towels______Dozen 33 51 33 51 Miscellaneous______0) 114 C1) 114 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 11 0) 931 0) 931 and vegetables. STATE PRISON Total. ______746670, 702 420,125 $31,221 219,356 Clothing, other than k n it...... 66 Aprons.______D ozen... 7 18 7 18

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Coats, dress______Each. _ 766 2,555 766 2,555 Coats^ work ...... __ Dozen . 185 1,839 185 1,839 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 109 92 109 92 D oze n _Hats and caps______Dozen _Hats 158 263 158 263 Overalls___1______Dozen.. 174 1,176 174 1,176 Overcoats______Each.. 279 1,765 279 1,765 Pants, d r e s s .______Each . 1,209 3,091 1,209 3,091 Pants, work______Dozen.... — 153 1,544 153 1,544 Shirts, work______Dozen. 190 1,292 190 1,292 Shoes, new___ Pairs.. 7,338 15,213 7,338 15, 213 Shoes repaired Pairs 7,773 2,128 7,773 2,128 S u its______Each j 733 3,958 733 3, 958 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen 137 528 137 528 Miscellaneous. 0) 170 170

0) TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Clothing, knit______. . . . . 4 Hosiery______...... _ _ ... Doz. pr. 166 1,837 166 1,837 Construction: Buildings___ Each___ 7 1 27,138 1 27,138 Construction: Land development ______33 0 ) 4,083 0 ) 4, 033 Cordage: Binder twine ...... Pounds. 170 3,698,700 217,997 25, 250 2,040 "3, 673,450 215,957 Farm f Cattle...... 2 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 15,350 1,459 15,350 1,459 Cattle______Head . 28 2,936 28 2,936 Farm: Dairy______33 Milk, w h ole...... Pounds. 1,115,582 15, 913 1,115,582 15,913 Miscellaneous______. . . 0) 6,862 « 6,862 Farm: Field crops and garden______64 H ay______. ______Tons 675 7,305 675 7, 305 Potatoes______Bushels. 9,919 6,449 9,919 6,449 Miscellaneous______0 ) 27,646 0) 27,646 F a r m : H o g s ______12 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 96,186 8,154 96,186 8,154 Farm: Poultry and poultry products ___ 2 Eggs______Dozen 5,276 897 5, 276 897 Poultrv, dressed. ______Pounds. 8,499 899 8,499 899 Farm: Miscellaneous...... 82 0) 30,792 (0 30,441 0) 351 F u r n itu r e : M etal______103 Chairs______Each___ 1,180 2,557 1,180 2, 557 Desks. ______Each 91 1,414 91 1,414 Filing cases... ______Each 1,088 8,288 1,088 8, 288 Lockers and cabinets______Each „ 233 2,929 233 2,929 Shelving______0) 3,218 0) 1,218 Tables______. _ __ Each 139 2,293 139 2,293 Miscellaneous______. . . _ 0) 956 (0 956 Furniture: Other than wood or metal______26 Labor o n ly ______. . . ____ _ . _ .. 0) 3, 592 0) 3, 592 Laundry, commercial______34 0) 14,833 0) 14,833 Metal products: Tags, highway markers, 55 and sign s. Auto license tags______Each___ 933,527 117, 260 933, 527 117, 2^0

Signs ._ .. ______Each... 38,404 12.089 18,404 12,089 255 Tags, miscellaneous ...... ______Each... 14 351,243 7,544 14 351, 243 7,544 Miscellaneous______(i) 1.483 (i) 1. 483 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 256 256 T able A.—K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in State prisons , 1940, by State, s y s te m , aru? institution —Continued WISCONSIN—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total Public works and iSTATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

state prison—continued

Metal products: Miscellaneous______3 Galvanized ware...... ______Pieces... 8 $75 8 $75 Laundry equipment______0) 3,417 (0 3,417 Tinware.. .1______Pieces... 81,289 5,539 84,289 5,539 Miscellaneous...... 0) 2,772 0) 2,772 Paint______Gallons. 8 28,270 51,752 28,270 51, 752 Printing and binding. ______.. . 13 Envelopes. ______.. Each___ 1, 356,315 1,918 1, 356, 315 1,918 Letterheads______Each___ 331,250 594 331. 250 594 Miscellaneous ______0) 12,517 0) 12,517 Quarrying and rock crushing______„ 4 * Stone, crushed...... 0) 1,245 (0 1,245 Textile products______3 Bags, cloth______D ozen... 3 14 3 14 M op heads______Dozen... 42 180 42 180 Pillowcases______Dozen... — 17 40 17 40 Repairs______0) 112 0) $112 Sheets...... Dozen. . 29 224 29 224 Towels______Dozen.. _ 434 874 434 874 Miscellaneous ...... 0) 2 0) 2 W ood products ______- 17 F irew ood..______Cords. _. 1,200 3, 300 1,200 3, 300 Shingles .... ____^ ... Bundles 2,411 5,314 2,411 5,314

Other manufactured products______25 1040 Canned fruits and vegetables______Cases.. . 5,745 5,440 5,745 5,440 Trucks, laundry (canvas)______. Each _ 600 2,196 600 2,196 Miscellaneous...... 0) 722 0) 722 STATE REFORMATORY Total ______255 91,013 82,918 8,095 Clothing ______. 28 Aprons ______. D ozen... 22 78 22 78 Gloves and mittens______D oz.pr.. 2 2 2 2 Overalls .. ______Dozen.. 34 438 34 438 Overcoats...... Each___ 3 12 3 12

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Pants, work.______Dozen. 47 484 47 484 Shirts, work______Dozen. 25 186 x 25 186 Suits______Each.. 415 2,716 400 2,600 15 116 Farm: Cattle______Beef, dressed______Pounds. 13,805 1,692 13,805 1,692 Miscellaneous______0) 81 (0 4 0) 77 Farm: Dairy______Butter______Pounds. . 30,176 7,904 30,176 7,904 Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,280,857 15,172 1,280,857 15,172 Farm: Field crops and garden______Barley______Bushels. 3,474 2,595 3,474 2,595 Beets, sugar______0) 2,949 p) 2,949 Ensilage______Tons___ 957 2,870 957 2,870 Hay------Tons___ 474 4,637 474 4,637

Potatoes______Bushels. 6,366 3,818 6,366 3,818 GENERAL TABLES A— APPENDIX Miscellaneous______0) 8,396 0) 8,396 Farm: Hogs______Pork, dressed______Pounds. 76,073 6,275 60, 568 5, 713 15, 505 562 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______Eggs------Dozen... 2,140 365 2,140 365 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 1,763 344 1,763 344 Furniture: Wood______Repairs______0) 622 (!) 622 Metal products: Miscellaneous______. ___ 0) 159 0) 159 Quarrying and rock crushing______Stone, building______Tons. 1,409 20,620 1,409 20,620 Miscellaneous______w 50 0) 50 Textile products______Pillowcases______Dozen.. . 67 200 67 200 Sheets______Dozen___ 16 106 16 106 Towels______Dozen___ 146 291 146 291 Miscellaneous______0) 63 0) 63 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases.. . ^ 966 1,329 966 1,329 and vegetables. Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing): Repairs 0) 6, 559 0) 6, 559 (auto paint and wax jobs). MILWAUKEE COUNTY HOUSE OF CORRECTION Total. 135,394 67,049 68, 345

Clay, cement, and stone products: Miscella­ 0) 162 0) 162 neous. Clothing______Aprons______Dozen___ 8 9 8 9 Coats, work______Dozen___ 1 17 1 17 Overalls______Dozen... *. 6 27 6 27 Pants, work______Dozen___ 4 24 4 24 Repairs______0) 17 0) 17 Shirts, work______Dozen. 9 55 9 55 Shoes repaired______0) 438 (i) 438 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 52 456 52 456 to Oi See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 258 258 T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution—Continued

WISCONSIN— Continued

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ Public works and STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit ber of Total State account pris­ State use ways Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

MILWAUKEE COUNTY HOUSE OF CORRECTION— continued Farm: Cattle______- 3 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 3,650 $381 3,650 $381 . Cattle______Head___ 17 2,060 17 $2,060 Miscellaneous______(0 24 (9 24 Farm: Dairy... ______12 Butter.. . _ ...... ______... Pounds. 22,194 6,315 22,194 6,315 Milk, whole______Pounds. 619,952 31,139 619,952 31,139 Farm: Field crops and garden______23 Corn,, field__ _ . . ______. . . Bushels. 1,438 582 1,438 582 Ensilage______Tons___ 400 2,000 400 2,000 H ay______.______Tons. . 251 3,067 251 3,067 Oats______Bushels . 3,040 973 3,040 973 Peas, shelled... ______Pounds. 22, 444 2,244 22,444 2,244 Potatoes______Bushels. 2,658 1,475 2,658 1,475 Miscellaneous.. . ______(9 5,760 0) 5, 760 Farm: Poultry and poultry products_____ ._ 4 Eggs______Dozen _ 4,986 1,357 4,986 1,357 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 10,072 1,855 10,072 1,855 Furniture: W ood______105 Benches______Each___ 73 408 73 408 Chairs______Each___ 22,871 37,672 390 1,045 22,481 36,627 Chairs, upholstered______Each___ 427 1,361 6 98 421 1,263 Desks.. ______E ach ... 50 673 50 673 Repairs______0) 356 C9 356 1940 Tables______Each___ 3,770 28,417 27 276 3, 743 28,141 Miscellaneous. ______(9 2,169 (9 1,939 (9 230 Metal products: Miscellaneous______4 (9 1,433 (9 1,433 Textile products______t-____ (2) Sheets______Dozen. 24 i58 24 158 Towels____ . . . . ______Dozen _ _ 112 88 112 88 Other manufactured products______3 Canned fruits and vegetables...... Cases__ 2,421 2,037 2,421 2,037 D o...... <9 185 (9 185

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WYOMING

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total- ______194 $117,077 $68,964 $10,500 $37,613 Clothing- ______9 Overalls ______55 660 55 660 Pajamas and nightgowns ______15 180 15 180 Pants, work ______46 1,048 46 1,048 Shirts, dress______Dozen 12 288 12 288 , Shirts, work______98 1,349 98 1,349 Shoes repaired ______600 450 600 450 Miscellaneous______0) 690 (0 690 Construction: Land development __ 5 0) 5,500 0) 5,500 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Construction: Major repairs to buildings _. 4 0) 5,000 0) 5,000 Farm: Cattle______T_ __ 2 Beef, dressed. ______- _ _ _ Pounds . 54,684 6,563 54,684 6,563 ______Head. _ 41 1,035 40 985Cattle 1 50 Farm: Dairy______- 10 Cream______Pounds. 28,400 2,756 1,700 222 26, 700 2,534 Milk, skimmed _ _. ______Pounds . 397,200 318 397,200 318 Milk^ whole ______. ______Pounds. 338,300 6,583 338, 300 6,583 Farm: Field crops and garden 42 Barley______. Bushels _ 8,900 4,342 8,900 4,342 Beets, sugar...... ___ T o n s __ 964 3,856 964 3,856 Ensilage______Tons ._ 125 750 125 750 H ay______Tons 600 4,100 600 4,100 Oats______Bushels . 300 96 300 96 Potatoes__ Bushels. 9,250 5, 550 9,250 5, 550 Miscellaneous 0) 3,753 0) 3, 553 (0 200 Farm: Hogs. _ _ __ 3 Hogs __ Head 278 1,770 278 1, 770 Pounds. dressed 56,737 5,674 56, 737 5, 674Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products 5 Eggs _ _ _ Dozen 6,800 1,859 6,290 1,686 510 173 Poultry, dressed-- Pounds . 7,216 1,377 7,216 1,377 Poultry, live. _ ...... Head 2,317 1,812 1,867 1,557 450 255 Farm: Miscellaneous._ __ ...... 9 Lambs ______Head 437 4,156 110 1,129 327 3,027 Lambs, dressed______Pounds . 68 7 68 7 Po u nd s.Wool ______Pounds.Wool 2,072 570 2,072 570 Miscellaneous______0) 4,943 (0 4,943 Furniture: Other than metal or w ood...... 2 Mattresses______Each 622 6,142 622 6,142 Textiles __ __ 95 Rugs ______Sq. yd 482 5,417 482 5,417 W ool yard goods...... Sq. yd . 29,443 24,885 16,053 9,774 13,390 15, 111 Textile products 2

Bags, cloth Dozen 12 58 12 58 259 Miscellaneous 0) 787 0) 787 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 6 1,267 2,753 1, 267 2,753 and vegetables. See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 260 260

T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued

WYOMING—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system

age STATE'S, UNITED THE IN PRISON* LABOR num­ ber of Public works and Institution and articles produced Unit Total State account Piece price pris­ State use ways oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

STATE PENITENTIARY Total______154 $79, 524 $43,762 $5,500 $30,262

Clothing. ._ ...... 7 Overalls.______Dozen 55 660 55 660 Pants, work______. _ Dozen .. 42 1,000 42 1,000 Shirts, work______Dozen— 76 821 76 821 Shoes repaired______Pairs _. 600 450 600 450 Miscellaneous______0) 690 V) 690 Construction: Land development______. 5 0) 5,500 (9 5,500 Farm: Cattle______. 1 Beef, dressed..______Pounds _ 49,116 5,894 49,116 5,894 ...... Head— . 27 440 27 440Cattle. Farm: Dairy______5 Cream______Pounds_ 28,400 2,756 1,700 222 26, 700 2,534 Milk, skimmed...... Pounds 397,200 318 397,200 318 Milk, whole ______P’ounds 30,700 432 30,700 432 Farm: Field crops and garden______29 Barley______. . . Bushels. 3,500 1,750 3,500 1,750 Beets, sugar______Tons— — 964 3,856 964 3,856 Hay ...... Tons . . 250 2,000 250 2,000 Potatoes______Bushels. 6,667 4,000 6,667 4,000 Miscellaneous______. . (0 2,582 (9 2,582

Farm: Hogs ______. _ 1 1940 Hogs ______-_ ...... Head 202 1,420 202 1,420 __ Pounds dressed___ 41,926 4,193 41,926 4,193Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products______3 Eggs ______Dozen 2,383 358 2,383 358 Poultry 0) 1,125 (9 1,125 Farm: Miscellaneous ...... 4 Lambs . ____ . ______Head ~ 270 2,041 19 174 251 1,867 Lamb dressed Pounds 68 7 68 7 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______2 Mattresses . . . ______Each __ 622 6,142 622 6,142 • Textiles . ______95 Rugs------Sq. y d — 482 5,417 482 5,417

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Woolen yard goods-. ______Sq. vd._ 29,443 24,885 16,053 9, 774 13,390 15, 111 Textile products______2 Miscellaneous...... 0) 787 0) 787 INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE Total______4037,553 25, 202 5,000 7,351 Clothing______2 Pajamas and nightgowns______D ozen... 15 180 15 180 Pants, work.__-~._r______Dozen... 4 48 4 48 Shirts, dress______Dozen... 12 288 12 288 Shirts, w ork..______Dozen... 22 528 22 528 Construction: Major repairs to buildings____ 4 0) 5,000 0) 5,000 Farm: Cattle______1 Beef, dressed______Pounds 5,568 669 5,568 669 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Cattle______Head___ 14 595 13 545 1 50 Farm: Dairy______5 Milk, whole______Pounds. 307,600 6,151 307,600 6,151 Farm: Field crops and garden______- 13 Barley______Bushels . 5,400 2,592 5,400 2,592 Ensilage...... __ T on s... 125 750 125 750 Hay...... T on s... 350 2,100 350 2,100 Oats______Bushels . 300 96 300 96 Potatoes______Bushels. 2,583 1,550 2,583 1, 550 Miscellaneous______0) 1,171 0) 971 0) 200 Farm: Hogs...... __ 2 Hogs______Head___ 76 350 76 350 Pork, dressed...... Pounds. 14,811 1,481 14,811 1,481 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______2 Eggs. ___ Dozen 4,417 1,501 3,907 1,328 510 173 Poultry, dressed _____ Pounds . 4,494 777 4,494 777 Poultry, live _ _ Head 1,717 1,287 1,267 1,032 450 255 Farm: Miscellaneous — ______5 Lambs - ______H ead... 167 2,115 91 955 76 1,160 W ool. . ______Pounds. 2,072 570 2,072 570 Miscellaneous ______(i) 4,943 (0 4,943 Textile products: Bags, cloth Dozen... (2) 12 58 12 58 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases__ 6 1,267 2,753 1,267 2, 753 and vegetables.

* Enumeration impracticable. 8 Representing 425,000 pounds for $7,200 and an unknown quantity valued at $12,661. 2 Requiring less than the full-time work of 1 prisoner for a year. Includes labor and trim in fabricating the following: 1,736 dozen coats and jackets; 3 2 prisoners employed on experimental silk farm. No production to date. 7,459 dozen overalls; 37 dozen pajamas; 24,936 dozen pants; 15,034 dozen play suits; 16,341 4 Cloth woven and bags fabricated in textile mill. dozen shirts; and 85 dozen shorts. 6 Including an average of 20 men working 6 months in orchard. (No yield, due to frost). 11 11,294,000 State tax tokens. 6 Tax tokens. 12 In addition, these men accomplished land clearance of unknown value. 7 Does not include an unknown quantity valued at $363. 13 Includes 1,503,674 dog and hunters’ tags valued at $34,579. 8 Incmdes 40,000 danger flags valued at $2,468. 74 Includes 273,470 dog tags valued at $1,925. to

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 262 262 T a b l e B.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in Federal prisons, 1940, fry* State, system, a n d institution ALABAMA

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, 19 19 40 STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit ber of Total Public works and Institution and articles produced pris­ State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

FEDERAL PRISON CAMP T otal.. ______12 $22,850 $22,850 Construction: Buildings______12 0) 22,850 0) 22,850

ARIZONA

FEDERAL PRISON CAMP Total ______92 $219,189 $219,189 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 22 14 101,810 14 101,810 Construction: Roads______M ile s... 58 2 63, 256 2 63, 256 Construction: Miscellaneous______12 (9 54,123 (9 54,123

CALIFORNIA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. 223 $170,787 $64,697 $106,038 $52 Clothing------Aprons------Dozen...... 5 27 5 27 Coats, dress______Each______631 3,963 631 3,963 Coats, work______Dozen______13 503 13 503 Dresses______Each______227 371 227 371 Hats and caps------Dozen______20 41 20 41 Labor only______(9 651 (9 651 Overalls______Dozen. 51 1,061 51 1,061 Overcoats______Each.. •40 467 40 467 Pajamas and nightgowns. Dozen. 4 25 4 25 Pants, dress______Each.. 688 2,555 688 2,555 Pants, work______Dozen. 56 660 56 660 Shirts, work______Dozen. 10 85 10 85 Shoes repaired______Pairs.. 3,135 1,170 3,135 1,170 Suits______Each.. 206 1,669 206 1,669

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 225 535 225 535 Underwear, women’s and children’s__ Dozen. 21 29 21 29 Uniforms------E ach - 33 479 33 479 Vests______Each— 513 647 513 647 Miscellaneous______(i) 95 0) 95 Construction: Buildings______0) 46,152 (0 46,152 Construction: Land development______(i) 5,410 0) 5,410 Construction: Major repairs to buildings.. (!) 14,050 0) 14,050 Construction: Miscellaneous______0) 40,426 0) 40,426 Farm: Dairy______Cattle______Head___ 31 229 14 177 17 52 Cream______Pounds. 3,668 853 3,668 853 Milk, whole______Pounds. 227,350 10,072 227,350 10,072 Miscellaneous______0) 384 0) 384 Farm: Field crops and garden______TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX H ay______Tons. 45 450 45 450 Miscellaneous______0) 874 0) 874 Farm: Poultry and poultry products_____ Eggs------Dozen. 362 91 362 91 Poultry, live______Head.. 11 19 11 19 Furniture: W ood______Repairs______0) 47 0) 47 Trays, desk______Each. 583 570 583 570 Miscellaneous______(i) 450 , 0) 450 Laundry, commercial______Pounds. 499,084 26,503 499,084 26,503 Textile products______Sheets______Dozen. 38 244 38 244 Towels______Dozen. 168 479 168 479 Miscellaneous______0) 300 (!) 300 Other manufactured products: Mats, door. 8,151 (i) 8,151 G) FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION T otal.------105,606 2,068 103, 538 Clothing______Dresses______E ach- 227 371 227 371 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen. 4 25 4 25 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen. 225 535 225 535 Underwear women’s and cnildren’s.. Dozen. 21 29 21 29 Miscellaneous______0) 85 0) 85 Construction: Buildings______(i) 45,652 0) 45,652 Construction: Land development______(i) 5,410 0) 5,410 Construction: Major repairs to buildings. 0) 12,050 (1) 12,050 Construction: Miscellaneous______0) 40,426 0) 40,426 Textile products______Sheets______Dozen. 38 244 38 244 Towels______Dozen. 168 479 168 479 Miscellaneous______0) 300 0) 300 See footnotes at end of table. K) a > 00

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 264 264 T able B.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in Federal prisons, 1 9 4 0 , fey State, system , emo? institution— Continued CALIFORNIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE1 IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

U. S. NAVAL PRISON Total______14 $15,977 $13,425 $2,500 $52 Clothing______2 Labor only __ . ______(0 348 (9 348 Shoes repaired. __ ...... Pairs__ 610 157 610 157 Construction: Buildings ______Each__ 1 1 500 1 500 Construction: Major repairs to buildings _ _ _ 1 (9 2,000 0) 2,000 Farm: D airy______... 5 Cattle______Head__ 31 229 14 177 17 52 Cream______Pounds . 3,668 853 3,668 853 Milk, whole...... Pounds. 227,350 10,072 227,350 10,072 Miscellaneous. ______0) 384 (9 384 Farm: Field crops and garden______5 Hay______: _ _ ___ T o n s__ 45 450 45 450 874Miscellaneous ... ___ _ (9 _ 874 (9 874Miscellaneous Farm: Poultry and poultry products (2) Eggs______Dozen . 362 91 362 91 Poultry, live...... Head ... 11 19 11 19 IT. S. PENITENTIARY Total______120 49, 204 49, 204 Clothing.______39 Aprons. _ Dozen 5 27 5 27

Coats, dress_____ Each 631 3,963 631 3,963 1940 Coats, work.. _ Dozen 13 503 13 503 Hats and caps__ _ Dozen... 20 41 20 41 Labor only. _ _ (9 303 (9 303 Overalls... __ Dozen 51 1,061 51 1,061 Overcoats Each 40 467 40 467 Pants, dress . Each 688 2,555 688 2, 555 Pants, work .. Dozen 56 660 56 660 Shirts, work Dozen.. 10 85 10 85 Shoes repaired Pairs 2,525 1,013 2, 525 1,013 Suits Each 206 1,669 206 1,669 i Uniforms Each 33 479 33 479 I I Vests, men’s______Each__ 513 647 513 647 ______! ______1______i______

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES O Or .t o ______20,000 $120,205 $123,362 9 120,205 9 9 103,362 0) 10 I 10 47 47 86 46 122 122 230 230 570 570 450 450 880 880 375 375 444 901 1,328 8,151 $3,511 26,503 26,503 11,381 34,168 $1,913,615 16 16 194 387 387 105 565 541 484 931 6,499 632 268 5,959 305 725 1,796 1,796 5, 259 5, 9,324 30,097 3,805 30,115 3,3646,977 34,256 47,767 0) 0) (0 (0 (0 0) 10,778 11,906 ______10 47 FLORIDA 86 46 GEORGIA 122 122 570 583 230 230 450 880 880 375 375 725 901 1,328 8,151 5,959 6,499 26, 50326, 499,084 11,906 30,115 20,000 120,205 103,362 $123,716 $2,036,977 9 9 16 i i 16 583 387 387 541 105 565 484 931 268 632 11,381 305 1,796 1,796 5,238 444 5,238 5,259 34,168 3,805 9,324 30,097 3,3646,977 256 34, 47,767 (0 (0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 10,778 499,084 5 2 1 14 43 125 142 116 116 . 175 1,399 14 ______Each Gallons. Each. Bushels. Bushels. Tons .. Bushels. Pounds. 62 Pounds. Dozen Dozen Pounds. Dozen _ Dozen _ Dozen Dozen Each... Each... Each .. Each.. Each Dozen Dozen . 194 Each ______...... ______...... ______..... ______U. U. S. PENITENTIARY ______Louis ___ St. ______FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION INSTITUTION CORRECTIONAL FEDERAL Repairs Cane sirup Cane Miscellaneous Trays, desk Corn, field______Corn, Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Potatoes Pork, dressed. Pork, dressed. Eggs______Poultry, dressed Hay Coats, dress______Coats, Overcoats Coats, work Coats, Bathrobes Overalls Pants, dress Pants, Suits______Pants, work Pants, Hats and caps and Hats Aprons______Vests, men’s Vests, Miscellaneous______of See footnotes at end of table. Other manufactured products: products: manufactured Mats, Other door Construction: Construction: Buildings.. Laundry, commercial Furniture: Furniture: W ood. Total Farm: Farm: garden crops and Field Farm: Farm: H ogs______Farm: Farm: Poultry poultry and products.. .. . Clothing______Total______toConstruction: buildings.. Majorrepairs Constniction: Buildings______

408102°-18- Bank

FRASER

for Reserve

Digitized

Federal http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 266 266 T able B.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in Federal prisons, 1940, fry State, system, and institution— Continued GEORGIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­

ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

u. s. penitentiary—continued Farm: Dairy..H______22 Milk, whole______Pounds. 928,865 $19,449 928,865 $19,449 Miscellaneous______0) 2,109 (0 2,109 Farm: Field crops and garden______138 Corn, field______Bushels. 2, 534 1,203 2,534 1,203 Ensilage______Tons___ 473 2,253 473 2, 253 Hay______Tons___ 283 1,349 283 1,349 Miscellaneous______0) 8,846 0) 8,846 Farm: Hogs______7 Lard______Pounds. 1, 981 198 1,981 198 Pork, dressed______Pounds. 123,900 10,494 123,900 10,494 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______48 Mattresses______Each. 47,482 154,996 47,482 154,996 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______14 0) 15,744 0) 15, 744 Textiles______679 Cotton yard goods, light______Yards. 165, 659 13,803 165,659 13,803 Duck and canvas______Yards. 4,846, 306 1,060, 431 4,846,306 1,060,431 Tape______Yards. 331,378 1,657 331,378 1,657 Textile products______130 Bags, cloth______Dozen. _ 3,051 94,036 3,051 94,036 Pillowcases______Dozen. _ 316 748 316 748 Tents______Each___ 164,974 223,381 164,974 223,381 Ticks______Each___ 6,511 9,767 6, 511 9, 767 Other manufactured products: Trucks, laun­ Each___ 27 17,952 78,812 17,952 78,812 1940 dry (canvas).

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis IDAHO

FEDERAL PRISON CAMP Total.. ______88 $68,061 $4,950 $63, 111 Construction* Roads M iles... 77 7 63,111 7 63,111 Wood products: Wood, fuel Cords... 11 1,100 4,950 1,100 4,950

KANSAS

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total. 1,614 $2,404,926 $2, 288,094 $116,832 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Brooms, brushes, and mops______237 Brushes3______(0 1,799 (0 1, 799 Do______Dozen. . 163, 568 755, 395 163, 568 755, 395 Clothing______'706 Aprons______Dozen.. 59 148 59 Coats, dress______Each... 5,277 36,726 5, 277 36, Coats, work______Dozen- 5 23 5 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 211 369 211 Labor only______0) 3 0) Overalls______Dozen.. 120 1, 355 120 Overcoats______E a ch - 3, 563 35,109 3, 563 Pants, dress______Each.,. 9,445 33,599 9,445 Pants, work______Dozen- 1 10 1 Shoes, new______Pairs.. . 328, 595 1,013,874 328, 595 1,013, Suits______Each... 4,538 51, 529 4, 538 51, Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen.. 1,535 2,486 1, 535 2, Vests, men’s______E a ch - 4,470 6, 513 4,470 Miscellaneous______0) 690 0) Construction: Buildings______Each___ 218 13 115,437 13 115,437 Construction: Major repairs to buildings.. 22 0) 1,395 0) 1, 395 Farm: Dairy______24 Beef, dressed______Pounds- 24,993 2,881 24, 993 2,881 Cattle______Head— 141 1,990 141 1,990 Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,143, 511 23,901 1,143, 511 23, 901 Miscellaneous______0) 9,144 (0 9,144 Farm: Field crops and garden______102 Corn, field______Bushels. 7,600 3, 624 7,600 3,624 Ensilage______Tons__ 304 1, 278 304 1, 278 Fodder______Tons__ 26 64 26 64 Hay______Tons__ 676 4,229 676 4,229 Mangels______Tons__ 142 566 142 566 Potatoes______Bushels. 8,484 4,823 8,484 4,823 Wheat______Bushels. 473 333 473 333

Miscellaneous______0) 12,977 0) 12,977 267 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e B.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in Federal prisons, 1940, by State, system, and institution— Continued to KANSAS-—Continued o o

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and STATES, UNITED E TH IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris- Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

all institutions—continued Farm: Hogs______4 Hogs______Head ._ 748 $5,622 748 $5,622 ______dressedPounds 194, 211 16,450 194,211 16,450Pork, Farm: Poultry and poultry products______3 Eggs______Dozen 12,541 2,872 12,541 2,872 ______. _____ dressedPounds 471 60 471 60Poultry, Furniture: Wood______75 Beds______Each 22 340 22 340 Benches ______Each 252 3,215 252 3,215 Bookcases... ______Each 41 453 41 453 Bureaus, chiffoniers, e t c ...... Each 71 1,394 71 1,394 Cabinets______Each 794 1,916 794 1,916 Chairs______Each 298 3,189 298 3,189 Davenports, sofas, etc. ______Each 327 8,185 327 8,185 Desks______Each 398 10,918 398 10,918 Fiber articles, miscellaneous______Each 464 4,464 464 4,464 Repairs...... _ . ______0) 21 0) 21 Stands______Each .. 85 899 85 899 Tables______Each .. 749 13,188 749 13,188 Miscellaneous______0) 28,359 0) 28, 359 Furniture: Other than metal or wood______(2) Pillows______--, _____ Each___ 44 83 44 83 Laundry and dry cleaning, commercial___ _ 89 0) 37,757 0) 37,757 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous______56 0) 67, 705 0) 67, 705 1940 Textile products______9 Bags, cloth______Dozen __ 11 107 11 107 Labor only______V) 41 0) 41 Pillowcases______Dozen... 410 787 410 787 Sheets...... Dozen. _. 317 1,924 317 1,924 Towels______Dozen.._ 303 791 303 791 Miscellaneous.______C1) 642 . 0) 642 Wood products______63 Boxes ______Each . 6,227 6,384 6,227 6,384 ...... blocksEach___ 607,844 34,183 607,844 34,183Brush

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Brush handles______Each.. 642,166 24,943 642,166 24,943 Other manufactured products: Ice... Tons.. 1, 225 5,764 1,225 5,764 U. S. PENITENTIARY Total______1,463 2,358, 211 2,242, 774 115,437 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brushes. Dozen __ 203 163, 568 755,395 163,568 755,395 Clothing...______706 Aprons______Dozen. 59 148 59 148 Coats, dress______Each... 5,277 36, 726 5,277 36,726 Coats, work______Dozen. 5 23 5 23 Hats and caps______Dozen. 211 369 211 369 Labor only______0) 3 0) 3 Overalls______Dozen . 120 1,355 120 1,355 Overcoats______Each... 3,563 35,109 3,563 35,109 TABLES GENERAL A— IX D PPEN A Pants, dress------Each... 9,445 33,599 9,445 33,599 Pants, work______Dozen _ 1 10 1 10 Shoes, new______Pairs... 328,595 1,013,874 328,595 1,013.874 Suits______Each... 4, 538 51, 529 4,538 51, 529 Underwear, men’s and boys’____ Dozen. 1, 535 2,486 1,535 2,486 Vests, men’s______E a ch - 4,470 6, 513 4,470 6,513 Miscellaneous______0) 690 C1) 690 Construction: Buildings______Each.. 218 13 115,437 13 115,437 Parm: Dairy______24 Beef, dressed______Pounds 24,993 2,881 24,993 2,881 Cattle______Head... 141 1,990 141 1,990 Milk, whole______Pounds. 1,143,511 23,901 1,143, 511 23,901 Miscellaneous______0) 9,144 C1) 9,144 Farm: Field crops and garden______102 Corn, field______Bushels. 7,600 3,624 7,600 3,624 Ensilage------Tons---- 304 1,278 304 1,278 Fodder______Tons___ 26 64 26 64 Hay______Tons___ 676 4, 229 676 4,229 Mangels______Tons___ 142 566 142 566 Potatoes______Bushels . 8,484 4,823 8,484 4,823 Wheat______Bushels. 473 333 473 333 Miscellaneous______0) 12,977 <0 12,977 Farm Hogs______Hogs------H e a d - 748 5,622 748 5,622 Pork, dressed------Pounds . 194,211 16,450 194,211 16,450 Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Eggs------Dozen _. 12,541 2,872 12,541 2,872 Poultry, dressed______Pounds 471 60 471 60 Furniture: Wood------Beds______Each.. 22 340 22 340 Benches______Each.. 252 3,215 252 3,215 Bookcases______Each.. 453 41 45341 Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc------Each.. 71 1,394 71 1,394 Cabinets______Each- 794 1,916 794 1,916

Chairs______Each.. 298 3,189 298 3,189 269 Davenports, sofas, etc______Each.. 327 8,185 327 8,185 See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b l e B.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in Federal prisons, 2940, b y State, system ,, and institution— Continued to KANSAS—Continued o

Aver- Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num­ ber of Public works and .STATES, UNITED THE' IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

u. s. penitentiary—continued Desks Each 398 $10,918 398 $10,918 Fiber articles ______Each 464 4,464 464 4,464 Repairs ______- 0) 21 0) 21 Stands______- Each ... 85 899 85 899 Tables ______Each__ 749 13,188 749 13,188 Miscellaneous______0) 28,359 (0 28, 359 Furniture: Other than metal or w o o d ___ (2) Pillows _____ Each 44 83 44 83 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous___ _ 56 0) 67,705 (0 67, 705 Textile products ______9 Bags, cloth ______- Dozen 11 107 11 107 Labor only______. (9 41 0) 41 Pillowcases______Dozen 410 787 410 787 Sheets______Dozen 317 1,924 317 1,924 Towels______Dozen. _ 303 791 303 791 Miscellaneous______0) 642 0) 642 * Wood products______63 Boxes. ______Each... 6, 227 6,384 6, 227 6. 384 Brush blocks...... Each___ 607,844 34,183 607,844 34,183 Brush handles...... Each___ 642,166 24,943 642,166 24, 943 TJ. S. PENITENTIARY ANNEX Total . ______151 46,715 45,320 $1,395 1940 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brushes 3_____ 34 1,799 0) 1,799 Construction: Major repairs to buildings___ 22 8 1,395 (0 1,395 Laundry and dry cleaning, commercial_____ 89 0) 37,757 0) 37, 757 ______manufacturedTons___ products:6 Ice1,225 5,764 1,225 5,764Other

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis LOUISIANA

FEDERAL DETENTION HEADQUARTERS

Total- . _ ...... ___ 14 $11,107 $11,107 Other manufactured products: Mats, door___ Sq. yd-_ 14 2,421 11,107 2, 421 11,107

MICHIGAN

FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION PEDX —GENERAL TABLES A— APPENDIX Total______170 $104, 238 $63, 788 $40, 450 Clothing: Shoes repaired...... Pairs___ 2 2,096 1,572 2, 096 1,572 Construction: Buildings ______Each___ 36 6 30,000 6 30,000 Construction: Land development______5 0) 2, 250 0) 2, 250 Construction: Major repairs to roads______2 0) 1,000 0) 1,000 Construction: Roads.______3 0) 1,200 0) 1,200 Construction: Miscellaneous______10 0) 6,000 0) 6,000 Farm: Field crops and garden. ______45 Corn, field______Bushels . 679 323 679 323 Hay______Tons. . 22 188 22 188 Potatoes,/______Bushels. 1,536 866 1,536 866 Miscellaneous.-______0) 2,838 0) 2, 838 Farm: H ogs______7 Hogs.. ... ______Head__ 262 3,202 262 3,202 Pork, dressed______Pounds 48,850 4,138 48,850 4,138 Farm: Poultry and poultry products____ . 5 Eggs______Dozen... 6,867 1, 573 6,867 1,573 Poultry, dressed______Pounds . 1,891 267 1,891 267 Poultry, live______Head__ 557 574 557 574 Furniture: Metal______53 Beds______Each___ 4,940 46,966 4,940 46,966 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 2 815 1,281 815 1,281 and vegetables.

MINNESOTA

FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Total...... 84 $47, 015 $47,015 Construction: Buildings______Each__ 72 7 40,478 7 40,478 Construction: Major repairs to buildings___ 12 0) 6, 537 0) 6, 537

See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 272 272 T a b l e B.— K in d , quantity, and value of articles produced in Federal prisons, 1 9 4 0 , State, system , and institution— Continued MISSOURI

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and 1940 STATES, D E T I N U E H T IN R O B A L PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

MEDICAL CENTER FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS 61 $47,482 $18,275 $29,207 Construction: Buildings ...... 12 0) 10, 075 (0 10,075 Construction: Major repairs to buildings.. . 20 0) 7,807 0) 7,807 Construction: Roads______11 0) 11,325 0) 11, 325 Farm: Cattle ______1 Beef, dressed______Pounds 26, 531 3, 235 26, 531 3, 235 ______i ____ 0) 238 0) 238Miscellaneous Farm: Field crops and garden______14 Barley.. ______. Bushels . 3,445 1,436 3,445 1,436 Hay______Tons___ 128 1,008 128 1,008 Oats______Bushels. 1,331 384 1, 331 384 Potatoes __ ...... Bushels . 930 553 930 553 Wheat...... Bushels. 1,257 892 1,257 892 Miscellaneous...... 0) 2,795 0) 2, 795 Farm: Hogs...... 2 Hogs...... Head__ 271 1,937 271 1,937 Lard...... Pounds 7,111 711 7,111 711 Poun dsPork, dressed______i__ PoundsPork, 55,300 4,683 55,300 4,683 Farm: Poultry and poultry products______1 Poultry, dressed...... Pounds 2,200 403 2,200 403

NEW HAMPSHIRE

1i U. S. NAVAL PRISON Tntftl 2 $842 $842

Printing and binding: Bookbinding and 2 0) 842 0) 842 blank books.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis NEW Y O R K

FEDERAL DETENTION HEADQUARTERS

Total______53 $28,187 $28,187 1 Laundry, commercial______Pounds. 53 1,241,164 28,187 1,241,164 28,187

OHIO

FEDERAL REFORMATORY Total______520 $458,106 $315,899 $141,900 $307 TABLES L A R E N E G A— X I D N E P P A Clothing______38~ Aprons ______Dozen 3 18 3 18 Coats, work..______Dozen 171 5. 977 171 5,977 Gloves and mittens______Doz. pr. 13,709 32,261 13,709 32, 261 Shoes, new... ______. Pairs . 50 20 50 20 i Shoes repaired______Pairs 2,757 1,379 2,757 1,379 Construction: Buildings______197 0) 141,900 0) 141.900 Farm: Dairy______15 Beef, dressed. ______Pounds. 13,964 3,601 13, 964 1,601 Cattle.______Head. _. — 63 1,841 19 1,585 44 256 Milk, whole______Pounds. 686,275 14,412 686, 275 14,412 Miscellaneous.. __ _ _ . 0) 51 0) 51 Farm: Field crops and garden___ 58 Corn, field... ______Bushels. 9,397 4,473 9,397 4,473 ______. ______TonsEnsilage 413 1,734 413 1,734 Fodder______Tons 118 189 118 189 Hay Tons 239 2,000 239 2,000 Potatoes______Bushels. 292 155 292 155 Straw Tons 83 364 83 364 Wheat______Bushels 1,460 1,025 1,460 1,025 Miscellaneous______0) 8,164 (0 8,164 Farm: Hogs . ______11 Hogs. ______Head 646 6,641 646 6,641 Pork, dressed.. _ _ _ Pounds 105,323 8,921 105,323 8,921 Miscellaneous pork products ___ 0) 4,613 0) 4,613 Farm: Poultry and poultry products___ 4 Eggs. ______Dozen 18,503 4,237 ~ 18,503 4,237 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 10,342 1,828 10,342 1,828 Poultry, live. ______Head__ 1,855 1, 597 1,855 1,597 Furniture: Wood______""157 Chairs______Each 22,982 137, 532 22,982 137,532 Davenports, sofas, etc. _ .... Each 349 12, 215 349 12, 215 Stools______Each___ 1,997 17, 973 1, 997 17, 973 See footnotes at end of table.

CO

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Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num Institution and articles produced ber of Public works and STATES', UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

FEDERAL REFORMATORY—continued • Metal products: Castings______Pounds- 32 479,819 $38,510 479,819 $38, 510 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 3 0) 1,500 0) 1,500 Other manufactured products _ _ __ 5 Canned fruits and vegetables. .. Cases _ 1,942 3,378 1,942 3,378 Miscellaneous 0) 1,597 (0 1,597

OKLAHOMA

FEDERAL REFORMATORY Total______. _ 537 $541,950 $262,441 $279, 509 Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms _ _ _ Dozen... 106 46,030 216,086 46,030 216,086 Clothing: Hats and caps._ ... . . ___ . Dozen„- (2) 50 240 50 240 Construction: Buildings______328 0) 279, 509 0) 279, 509 Farm: Cattle______2 Beef, dressed.______Pounds - 16,522 2,148 16,522 2,148 Farm: Dairy______13 Milk, whole Pounds. 499,372 9, 538 499,372 9, 538 Farm: Field crops and garden______31 Barley______Bushels . 829 317 829 317 Ensilage...... _ Tons 162 763 162 763 Hay______Tons 313 1,434 313 1, 434 1940 Oats______Bushels . 3,862 1,093 3,862 1,093 Wheat______Bushels. 2,079 1,478 2,079 1,478 Miscellaneous______0) 1,061 0) 1,061 Farm: Hogs ...... __ 4 Pprk, dressed______Pounds. 115,311 8,729 115, 311 8, 729 Textiles______49 Cotton yard goods, light______. Sq. yd 37,079 13,915 37,079 13,915 Wool yard goods ______Sq. yd 212 281 212 281 Textile products: Towels Dozen... 4 2,444 5, 358 2,444 5,358

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis PENNSYLVANIA

U. S. PENITENTIARY Total______636 $720, 201 $549,415 $170, 786 Clothing______116 Aprons______Dozen _ 28 192 28 192 Coats, dress______. _ Each _ _ 3,606 22,196 3,606 22,196 Coats^ work______. _ Dozen... 2 20 2 20 Dresses______Each _._ 10 150 10 150 Overalls______‘______Dozen 248 2,892 248 2,892 Overcoats______Each___ 2,238 18,317 2,238 18, 317 Pants, dress ______Each___ 4,400 14, 239 4,400 14,239 Pantsj work______Dozen.._ 2,423 23,471 2,423 23,471 TABLES L A R E N E G — A X I D N E P P A Shoes repaired______Pairs___ 4,800 3,600 4,800 3,600 Suits...!______Each___ 2,461 19,165 2,461 19,165 Uniforms______Each ... 181 2,021 181 2,021 Vests, men’s______. Each___ 2,724 3,645 2,724 3,645 Miscellaneous ______0 1,765 0 1,765 Construction: Buildings.______Each___ 171 23 170,786 23 170, 786 Farm: Dairy_____ . . . ______. 20 Beef, dressed.______Pounds. 6,819 804 6,819 804 Cattle______. Head 11 1,224 11 1,224 Milk, whole ______Pounds. 775,110 16, 278 775,110 16, 278 Farm: Field crops and garden._ . . . _____ 42 Corn, field______Bushels . 516 246 516 246 Ensilage______.__ _ ._ Tons 324 1,335 324 1, 335 Hay______Tons 156 1,370 156 1,370 Potatoes______Bushels. 4,472 2,523 4,472 2, 523 Wheat______Bushels. 1,481 1,040 1,481 1,040 Miscellaneous______0 5,027 0 5,027 Farm: Hogs______2 Hogs. ______...... Head 340 4,080 340 4,080 Pork, dressed..______Pounds. 98,686 8,359 98,686 8,359 Miscellaneous. ______0 ’ 280 0 280 Furniture: Metal______273 Baskets, waste______Each _ _ 12,325 13,448 12,325 13,448 Beds______... Each 498 13,805 498 13,805 Bookcases______Each___ 1,256 13, 201 1, 256 13, 201 Cabinets______Each___ 621 11,177 621 11,177 Cases, transfer______. Each ___ 40,829 113,064 40,829 113,064 Chairs______Each ___ 2,021 5,208 2,021 5,208 Lockers______Each __. 1,953 13,674 1,953 13,674 Shelving______0 135,159 0 135,159 Tables ______Each 585 7, 714 585 7,714 Trays, food ______l^ach__ 7,684 7,878 7.684 7,878 Miscellaneous______0 41,560 ri 41,560 See footnotes at end of table. fcO

O i

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Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced under each system age num­ ber of Public works and 1940 STATES, D E T I N U E H T IN R O B A L PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

u. s. penitentiary—continued Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and 5 signs. Auto license tags______Each___ 25,157 $6,792 25,157 $6,792 Metal products' Miscellaneous______4 0) 5,161 0) 5,161 Textile products______- (2) Bags, cloth ______Dozen... 83 400 83 400 Miscellaneous______... 0) 47 0) 47 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 3 4,785 6,888 4,785 6,888 and vegetables.

TEXAS

FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Total.. . . ______165 $75,251 $34,447 $40,804 Construction: Buildings______78 0) 40,804 0) 40,804 Farm: Field crops and garden______82 Ensilage ______Tons ... 317 3,798 317 3,798 Hay ______Tons .. 257 3,855 257 3,855 Potatoes ______Bushels. 747 432 747 432 Miscellaneous______0) 4, 779 0) 4, 779 Farm: Hogs...... 3 Hogs______Head__ 211 4,908 211 4,908 Pork, dressed______. Pounds. 63,489 6,349 63,489 6,349 Farm: Poultry and poultry products...... _ 1 Eggs. ______•Dozen.. 5,807 1, 742 5,807 1, 742 Poultry dressed . ______Pounds 5,207 1,302 5,207 1,302 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases... 1 2,788 7,282 2,788 7,282 and vegetables.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis VIRGINIA

FEDERAL REFORMATORY Total______245 $132, 290 $35, 710 $96,580

Construction: Buildings...... 155 0) 96,580 0) 96,580 Farm: Cattle______15 Beef, dressed______Pounds. 9,176 1,162 9,176 1,162 Cattle______Head.. _ 39 1,170 39 1,170 Milk, whole______Pounds. 426,455 8,263 426,455 8,263 Miscellaneous______0) 49 0) 49 Farm: Field crops and garden. ______67 Barley______Bushels . 1,872 715 1,872 715 Corn, field______Bushels. 6,686 3,978 6,686 3,978 TABLES L A R E N E G A— X I D N E P P A Ensilage. ______Tons___ 165 779 165 779 Fodder______Tons___ 76 151 76 151 Hay. ______Tons___ 212 1,687 212 1,687 Oats______Bushels. 2,729 772 2, 729 772 Peanuts______Bushels . 810 741 810 741 Potatoes...... Bushels. 1,716 1,210 1,716 1, 210 Rye______Bushels . 618 250 618 250 Straw...... Tons. — 72 303 72 303 Miscellaneous______0) 3,033 0) 3,033 Farm: Hogs _ . ______6 Hogs.______Head. 365 2, 555 365 2,555 Pork, d ressed...______. .. Pounds. 50,843 5,155 50,843 5,155 C ases...Other manufactured products: Canned fruits Cases...Other 2 2,403 3,737 2,403 3,737 and vegetables.

WASHINGTON

U. S. PENITENTIARY Total______356 $215,008 $70, 561 $144,447 Clothing______11 Aprons______Dozen..t 66 452 66 452 Coats, work______Dozen-i 31 346 31 346 Hats and caps______Dozen.. 189 530 189 530 Overalls______Dozen..L__ ...... 26 429 26 429 Pajamas and nightgowns___ Dozen.. 8 145 8 145 Pants, work______Dozen- — 215 2, 237 215 2, 237 Shirts, work______Dozen.. 171 1,741 171 1,741 Shoes, repaired______Pairs.. 5,882 2,353 5,882 2, 353 Underwear, men’s and boys’ Dozen- 543 2,865 543 2,865 Miscellaneous______0) 297 0) 297 Construction: Buildings______Each—. 133 14 102,475 14 102,475 See footnotes at end of table. fcO

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Aver- Quantity and v&lue of articles produced under each system num­ ber of Public works and 1940 STATE'S, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

u. s. penitentiary—continued

Construction: Major repairs to buildings 42 0) $28,936 0) $28,936 Construction: Major repairs to roads__ 6 0) 3,750 0) 3,750 Construction: Roads, new . ______. M iles... 14 1 6,250 1 6,250 Construction: Miscellaneous.______. 10 0) 3,036 0) 3,036 Farm: Dairy______10 Beef, dressed..______Pounds. 10,019 1,150 10,019 $1,150 Cattle___ Head 21 3,592 21 3,592 Milk, whole______Pounds. 560,800 11,795 560,800 11,795 Farm: Field crops and garden _ 110 Miscellaneous. 0) 13,127 0) 13,127 Farm: Hogs___ 4 Hogs_____ Head 274 3,356 274 3,356 Pork, dressed Pounds. 67,697 5,734 67,697 5,734 Farm: Poultry and poultry products___ 2 Eggs______Dozen . 17,076 3,910 17,076 3,910 Poultry, dressed______Pounds. 3,267 424 3,267 424 Poultry, live. Head 918 1,157 918 1,157 Furniture: Other than metal or wood 3 Repairs____ 975 975 Printing and binding: Miscellaneous 4 4,000 4,000 ; Textile products...... 2 8 8 Bags, cloth____ Dozen... 7 27 7 27 Pillowcases__ Dozen 152 457 152 457 Sheets...... Dozen 239 1,895 239 1,895 Towels._ ... Dozen 461 911 461 911 Miscellaneous. __ 0) 161 0) 161 Other manufactured products____ 5 Canned fruits and vegetables Cases 3,184 6,045 3,184 6,045 Do...... (>) 450 (>) 450

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WEST VIRGINIA

ALL INSTITUTIONS Total______327. $307,653 $238,858 $68, 750 $45 Clothing______141 Aprons______Dozen 350 2,000 350 2,000 Coats, dress______Each 227 919 227 919 Coats, work______Dozen. _. 34 319 34 319 Dresses______Each ... 3,440 4, 938 3,440 4,938 Hats and caps-______-______Dozen... 1,221 2,304 1,221 2,304 Overalls. . 1______Dozen 54 810 KA 810 Pajamas and nightgowns______Dozen __ 4,755 30,303 4,755 30, 303 Shirts, work______D ozen - — 12,718 117,831 12,718 117,831 TABLES GENERAL A— APPENDIX Shoes, new______Pairs.— 52 14 52 14 Underwear, men’s and boys'______Dozen __ 7,684 25, 773 7,684 25, 773 Underwear, women’s and children’s _ _ . Dozen... 375 1,905 375 1,905 Miscellaneous______. 0) 980 (9 980 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 38 5 11, 750 5 11, 750 Construction: Roads______Miles... 75 (0 57,000 (9 57,000 Farm: Dairy______13 Cattle..______Head__ 39 1,484 19 1,439 20 45 Milk, whole______. Pounds. 358,135 9,958 358,135 9,958 Farm: Field crops and garden______24 Miscellaneous.. . . . ______(9 2,867 2,867 Farm: Hogs______. Head__ 5 141 1,154 (V 1,154 Laundry, commercial.______Pounds. 6 9,203 460 9,203 460 Textile products______20 Flags______Each .. 115 1,825 115 1,825 Parachutes, meteorological______Each .. 16,744 29, 354 16,744 29,354 Pillowcases______Dozen _. 53 131 53 131 Sheets______... ______... . Dozen 35 329 35 329 Spreads______Each 36 88 36 88 Towels______Dozen 301 601 301 601 Miscellaneous.. . ______(9 1, 356 (9 1, 356 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 5 (9 1,200 (9 1,200 and vegetables. FEDERAL PRISON CAMP Total______113 68, 750 68, 750 Construction: Buildings______Each___ 38 5 11, 750 5 11, 750 Construction: R o a d s •______75 (9 57, 000 0) 57, 000 FEDERAL REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total______214 238, 903 238,858 45

See footnotes at end of table. to <1 CO

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 280 280 T able B.— K i n d , q u a n tity , and value of articles produced in Federal prisons , 1 9 4 0 , fry State, system , and institution —Continued WEST VIRGINIA—Continued

Aver­ Quantity and value of articles produced undpr each system age num­ ber of Public works and 1940 -STATES, UNITED THE IN LABOR PRISON Institution and articles produced Unit pris­ Total State use ways State account Piece price oners em­ ployed Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value

FEDERAL REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN— continued Clothing ______141 Aprons ______- Dozen _. 350 $2,000 350 $2,000 Coats, dress.. ______Each___ 227 919 227 919 Coats, work.. ______. Dozen. _. 34 319 34 319 Dresses . . ______Each___ 3,440 4,938 3,440 4, 938 Hats and caps ______Dozen... 1,221 2,304 1,221 2, 304 Overalls . ______Dozen... 54 810 54 810 Pajamas and nightgowns ______. Dozen 4,755 30,303 4, 755 30,303 Shirts, work ______Dozen __ 12, 718 117,831 12, 718 117,831 Shoes, new (slippers)______Pairs___ — 52 14 52 14 Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Dozen _. 7,684 25, 773 7,684 25, 773 Underwear, women’s and children’s____ Dozen__ 375 1,905 375 1,905 Miscellaneous .. ______0) 980 0) 980 Farm: Dairy . ______13 Cattle . ______Head .. 39 1,484 19 1,439 20 $45 Milk, whole Pounds. 358,135 9,958 358,135 9, 958 Farm* Field crops and garden 24 M iseellaneons 0) 2,867 0) 2,867 Farm: Hogs . ______Head__ 5 141 1,154 141 1,154 Laundry, commercial Pounds. 6 9,203 460 9, 203 460 Textile products 20 Flags Each 115 1,825 115 1,825 Parachutes, meteorological______Each 16, 774 29,354 16, 774 29,354 Pillowcases ______Dozen .. 53 131 53 131 Sheets ______Dozen _ 35 329 35 329 Spreads ______Each . . 36 88 36 88 Towels Dozen 301 601 301 601 Miscellaneous 1,356 0) 1, 356 Other manufactured products: Canned fruits 5 1,200 0) 1,200 and vegetables. 8

1 Enumeration impracticable. 2 Requiring less than the full-time work of 1 prisoner for a year. 310-percent complete.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis A p p en d ix B

Index of Items Produced in State and Federal Prisons

An index of the products of State and Federal prisons, showing both the “ type of production” and the subheading under which arti­ cles have been classified in the tables, is shown in the following table:

Index of Products of State and Federal institutions

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

A d d itio n s (to buildings)___ Alterations and installations-- Construction: Major repairs to build­ ings. Agricultural implements___ Agricultural implements_____ Agricultural implements. Agricultural-implement parts Agricultural-implement parts _ Do. Alterations and installations. Alterations and installations. _ Construction: Major repairs to build­ ings. Aluminum castings______Castings______Metal products, miscellaneous. Aluminum ware______Aluminum ware______Do. Aprons______Aprons______Clothing, other than knit. Auto chains______Miscellaneous metal products - Metal products, miscellaneous. Auto-license tags______Auto-license tags______Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Autos, repaired and painted Repairs______Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing). Awnings______Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products. Bacon (produced in abat­ Miscellaneous...... Other manufactured products. toir). Bacon (produced on farm).. _ Miscellaneous farm...... Farm: Hogs. Bags, cloth______Bags, cloth______Textile products. Bags, jute or burlap______do______Do. Bags, leather------Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Bakery products, commer­ Bakery products, commercial______Bakery products, commercial. cial. Bandages______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Barley______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Baskets, fruit or vegetable.._ Baskets______Wood products. Baskets, other than fruit or ___ do------vegetable. Bathrobes______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Beds, metal______Beds______Furniture, metal. Beds, wood______do______Furniture, wood. Bedsprings______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Beef, dressed (from abbatoir). Beef, dressed______Other manufactured products. Beef, dressed (from beef ___ do...... Farm: Cattle. cattle). Beef, dressed (from dairy ___ do...... Farm: Dairy. cattle). Beetle traps______Miscellaneous metal products______Metal products, miscellaneous. Beets, sugar or stock______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Belts, cloth______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Benches, other than work__ Benches______Furniture, wood. Benches, work (metal)_____ Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Benches, work (wood)______do______Furniture, wood. Binder twine______Binder twine______Cordage, including binder twine. » Binders, farm______Agricultural implements______Agricultural implements and parts. Binders, loose-leaf______Miscellaneous printing and binding. Printing and binding. Blanketing, wool______Wool yard goods______Textiles. Blankets______Blankets______Do. Blocks, cinder or concrete. Concrete blocks______Clay, cement, and stone products. Bloomers______Underwear, women’s and children’s. Clothing other than knit. Blouses, boys’______Shirts, dress______Clothing, other than knit. Blouses, middy______Miscellaneous clothing______Do. Bookbinding______Bookbinding and blank books_____ Printing and binding. Bookcases, metal______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Bookcases, wood______do______Furniture, wood. Bookends, metal______Miscellaneous metal products______Metal products, miscellaneous, Books, blank______Bookbinding and blank books_____ printing and binding. Books, rebound______do______Do. Boundary markers______Concrete posts...... Clay, cement, and stone products.

408102°—42- 19 281

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Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions — Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Boxes, paper----- Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Boxes, sheet-iron. Miscellaneous metal products_____ Metal products, miscellaneous. Boxes, wood------Boxes______Wood products. Bran______Grain-mill products______Grain-mill products. Brass castings... Castings______Metal products, miscellaneous. Bread______Bakery products, commercial______Bakery products, commercial. Breakfast foods.. Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Grain-mill products. ucts. Breakfast sets.— Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, wood. Brick______Brick and building tile______Clay, cement, and stone products. Broom corn------Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Brooms______Brooms______Brooms, brushes, and mops. Brushes______Brushes______Do. Buckets, tin____ Tinware______Metal products, miscellaneous. Buckwheat_____ Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Buffets______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, wood. Buildings------Buildings______Construction, buildings. Bureaus, metal.. Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc------Furniture, metal. Bureaus, w ood.. ___ do______Furniture, wood. Butter______Miscellaneous dairy______Farm: Dairy. Buttermilk...... - d o ______1...... - Do. C ab in ets metal______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Cabinets, wood------____do______Furniture, wood. Calves (from beef cattle)----- Cattle______Farm: Cattle. Calves (from dairy cattle) - - ____do______• Farm: Dairy. Canned fruits and vegeta­ Canned fruits and vegetables------Other manufactured products. bles. Canning, labor only------Labor only______Do. Cans, galvanized------Galvanized ware______Metal products, miscellaneous. Cans, refuse------____do______Do. Cans, tin______Tinware______Do. Canvas------Duck and canvas...... Textiles. Caps______Hats and caps______i____ Clothing, other than knit. Cards and tags printed------Miscellaneous printing and binding. Printing and binding. Cartons------Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Cases,.exhibition (metal)----- Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Cases, exhibition (wood)----- ___ do______Furniture, wood. Cases, filing (metal)------___ do______Furniture, metal. Cases, filing (wood)______do______Furniture, wood. Caskets or rough boxes------Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. products. Cast-iron articles, not else­ Castings------Metal products, miscellaneous. where classified. Castings, other than iron---- ____do______Do. Cattle, beef------Cattle______Farm: Cattle. Cattle, dairy------____do______Farm: Dairy. Cement-...... - Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Cereals------____do______Grain-mill products. Chairs, caned------Repairs______Furniture, wood. Chairs, metal------Chairs______Furniture, metal. Chairs repaired, metal------Repairs------Do. Chairs repaired, wood------____do______Furniture, wood. Chairs, upholstered------Chairs, upholstered------Do. Chairs, wood------Chairs______Do. Chaise longues------Davenports, sofas, etc------Do. Chambray------Cotton yard goods, light------Textiles. Cheese______Miscellaneous dairy------Farm: Dairy. Chests of drawers, metal----- Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc------Furniture, metal. Chests of drawers, wood------___ do______Furniture, wood. Chiffoniers, metal------___ do______Furniture, metal. Chiffoniers, wood - ...... ____do______Furniture, wood. Chops (feed)------Grain-mill products______Grain-mill products. Cleaning compound------Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Soap and other detergents. ucts. Cloth, cleaning and polish­ Cotton yard goods, light------Textiles. ing. Clothes, baby, miscella­ Miscellaneous clothing------Clothing, other than knit. neous. Clothing, cleaned andpressed. Labor only______Do. Clothing, miscellaneous------Miscellaneous clothing------Clothing, miscellaneous Labor only...... Do. labor. Clothing repaired------____do______Do. Clothing and textile prod­ ____do______ucts repaired and pressed. Cloths, miscellaneous...... Miscellaneous textile products...... Textile products.

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Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions — Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Clover seed______Miscellaneous farm ______Farm: Field crops and garden. C oal______Coal...... Mining. Coats, children’s______Coats, dress______Clothing, other than knit. Coats, dress. . ______do______Do. Coats, women’s ______... Overcoats______.. Do. Coats, work______Coats, work . Do. Coffee, roasted______Coffee, roasted______Other manufactured products. Coffins or rough boxes. - ___ Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. products. Collar and cuff sets, cloth___ Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Collars______. _ ____do _. ... _ Do. Concrete articles, miscella- Miscellaneous clay, cement, and Clay, cement, and stone products. neous. stone products. Construction, not elsewhere New, other than buildings and roads. Construction: Miscellaneous. classified. Cordage, other than binder Rope______Cordage. twine. Corn, field______Corn, field.. . ______. Farm: Field crops and garden. Corn meal______Grain-mill products...... Grain-mill products. Costumers, metal Miscellaneous furniture __ __ Furniture, metal. Costumers^ wood_____... . ____do______Furniture, wood. Cots, metal______Beds______Furniture, metal. Cotton...... Cotton ...... Farm: Field crops and garden. Cottonseed______Cottonseed______Do. Cottonseed m eal______. Grain-mill products______Grain-mill products. T extiles.Cotton yard goods, heavy...Cotton yard goods, heavy______Textiles.Cotton Cotton yard goods, light .. _ Cotton yard goods, light______Do. Cottonade.. " . . Cotton yard goods^ heavy. ____ . Do. Counters, wood____ Millwork____ . ___' ...... Wood products. Coveralls.______Overalls______Clothing, other than knit. Covers, furniture______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Covers, mattress .. ..d o______A...... Do. Covers, miscellaneous .. ____do______Do. Covers, table______... .do______Do. Cream. ______Miscellaneous dairy______Farm: Dairy. Cultivators______. ___ Agricultural implements_____... . Agricultural implements and parts. Culverts_____ Roads ..... ______Construction: Roads. Cupboards, wood Miscellaneous furniture ...... Furniture, wood. Cups, tin Tinware______. . Metal products, miscellaneous. Curtains. ______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Cushions .. .. Pillows______.. ______Furniture, other than metal or wood. Cuspidors______Miscellaneous metal products...... Metal products, miscellaneous. D a iry products, miscellane- Miscellaneous dairy______Farm: Dairy. Davenports__ Davenports, sofas, etc ... ______Furniture, wood. Dehydrated fruit or vege­ Canned fruits and vegetables...... Other manufactured products. tables. Denim______Cotton yard goods, light______Textiles. Deodorants______Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Desk and chair combina­ Miscellaneous furniture. ______Furniture, wood. tions, wood. Desks, metal .. Desks_____ . ______Furniture, metal. Desks, wood . ..do . ... . ______. Furniture, wood. Disinfectants-______Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Diapers______Miscellaneous textile products____ Textile products. Drawers, other than knit___ Underwear, men’s and boys’_____ Clothing, other than knit. Dressers, metal______Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc.. ______Furniture, metal. Dressers, wood ___d o ______Furniture, wood. Dresses, except house or in­ Dresses...... Clothing, other than knit. mate. Dresses, house or inmate ____do_____ ... ______Do. Dresses, infants’ or childrens ’ _ Miscellaneous clothing...... Do. Duck Duck and canvas______: Textiles. Eggs . __ Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Poultry and poultry products. Electricity______. Miscellaneous manufactured products. Other manufactured products. Enamel. Paint.. ______Paint. Ensilage _. . Miscellaneous farm .______Farm: Field crops and garden. Envelopes...... Envelopes-___ . . ______Printing and binding. Farm hands hired out___ Farm hands hired out. .. . _ ... Farm: Miscellaneous. Farm products, miscellaneous. Miscellaneous farm______Under appropriate type of farm. Feed, mill______Grain-mill products___ . _ _. .. Grain-mill products. Feed, poultry. . do ______- . Do. Feed, stock do . . Do. Fence, snow______. Miscellaneous manufactured products Other manufactured products. Fiber articles______Fiber articles______Furniture, wood.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 284 (PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, 1940

Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions — Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Filing cases, metal______Miscellaneous furniture Furniture, metal. Filing cases^ wood______do______Furniture, wood. Fish "fresh ______Sea food______Miscellaneous (nonmanufacturing). Flags______Flags...... Textile products. Flagstone______Stone4 building ... Quarrying and rock crushing. Flax fiber______Flax products. _ Other manufactured products. Flaxseed______do______Farm: Field crops and garden. Flax tow______do_____ Other manufactured products. Flour______Grain-mill products Grain-mill products. Flux (limestone)______Stone, crushed Quarrying and rock crushing. Fodder______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Folders, index cards, etc____ Miscellaneous printing and binding.. Printing and binding. Foot stools.. ______Miscellaneous furniture Furniture, wood. Foundry articles, miscella- Miscellaneous metal products______Metal products, miscellaneous. neous. Fresh fruit______Miscellaneous farm. Farm: Field crops and garden. Furniture, miscellaneous Miscellaneous furniture...... Furniture, metal. (metal). Furniture, miscellaneous ____do______Furniture, wood. (wood). Furniture repairs (metal)___ Repairs______Furniture, metal. Furniture repairs (wood)______do______Furniture, wood. Galvanized ware______Galvanized ware Metal products, miscellaneous. Gleaning cylinders for hay Agricultural-implement parts______Agricultural implements and parts. loaders. Gloves______Gloves and mittens Clothing, other than knit. D o.Gowns, dressing..______Miscellaneous clothing __ Do.Gowns, Gowns, hospital______. Pajamas and nightgowns______Do. Grading.. T______Land development Construction: Land development. Grates______Castings _ Metal products, miscellaneous. Gravel______Miscellaneous clay, cement, and Quarrying and rock crushing. stone products. Grits______Grain-mill products______Grain-mill products. H a m p e rs , wicker. . . . _ Baskets______.. . Wood products. Hams, bologna, etc. (produced Miscellaneous. ______Other manufactured products. in abattoir). Hams, bologna, etc. (produced Miscellaneous farm...... Farm: Hogs. on farm). Handkerchiefs.______Handkerchiefs.. _ . Clothing, other than knit. Handles—brush, broom and Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. mop. products. Harness. ______Harness.______Other manufactured products. Harness repairs______Repairs______Do. Hats, straw______Hats and caps______Clothing, other than knit. Hay______Hay Farm: Field crops and garden. Hay loaders ______Agricultural implements Agricultural implements and parts. Hickory cloth______Cotton yard goods, light______Textiles. Hides, cured or raw______Miscellaneous farm...... Under appropriate type of produc­ tion. Highway markers______Highway markers______Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Highway signs______. __do______Do. Hogs .. _ _ ...... Hogs______Farm: Hogs. Horses Miscellaneous livestock Farm: Miscellaneous. Hosiery______Hosiery______Clothing, knit. Ic e ...... Miscellanous manufactured products.. Other manufactured products. Ink______do______.. . Do. Iron hollow ware______Iron hollow ware __ __ _ Metal products, miscellaneous. Ironware, sheet______Miscellaneous metal products. ___ Do. Insecticides______Miscellaneous manufactured products. Other manufactured products. Jackets, lumber______Coats, work______Clothing, other than knit. Jackets, welding______do ... ______Do. Jackets, women’s bed______Miscellaneous clothing______Do. Jumpers ______Coats, work ______Do. K h a k i cloth______Cotton vard goods, light Textiles. Kimonos . ______Miscellaneous clothing ______Clothing, other than knit. Knickers, boys______Pants ____ . .. ______Do. Knives ______-______Miscellaneous metal products ___ Metal products, miscellaneous.

L a b o r only______Miscellaneous labor only Under appropriate type of produc­ tion. Lambs _. . ______Miscellaneous livestock ______Farm: Miscellaneous. Land improvement______Land development______Construction: Land development.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX B----INDEX OF ITEMS 285

Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions — Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Lard (produced in abbatoir) _ Miscellaneous______Other manufactured products. Lard (produced on farm)___ Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Hogs. Laundry, commercial______Laundry, commercial______Laundry, commercial. Layettes, infants______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Leather articles, miscellane­ Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ous. ucts. Leather, finished or tanned.. ___ do______Do. Leggings, other______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Letterheads______Letterheads______Printing and binding. Lime, agricultural______Lime and agricultural limestone___ Quarrying and rock crushing. Lime, ground______do______Do Lockers, metal______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Lockers, wood.______do______Furniture, wood. Lumber...... Lumber______Wood products. M a c k in a w s ______Overcoats______Clothing, other than knit. Mail pouches or sacks_____ Bags, cloth______Textile products. Mangels______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Manhole covers and rings__ Castings______Metal products, miscellaneous. Manure______Miscellaneous farm______Under appropriate type of farm. Masks, operating______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Mats, fiber______do______Do. Mats, rubber (old tires)____ Miscellaneous manufactured prod- Other manufactured products. Mats, textile (including rag) _ Miscellaneous textile products__ Textile products. Mattresses______Mattresses______Furniture, other than metal or wood Mattresses renovated______Repairs______Do. Metal articles, miscellaneous. Miscellaneous metal products____ Metal products, miscellaneous. Milk, skimmed______Miscellaneous dairy______Farm: Dairy. Milk, whole______Milk, whole______Do. Millwork______Millwork______Wood products. Mirrors______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, wood. Miscellaneous manufactured Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. articles. ucts. Mittens______Gloves and mittens______Clothing, other than knit. Molasses (produced on farm). Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Miscellaneous. Molasses (produced in sugar ___do______Sugar. mill). Monuments. ______Miscellaneous clay, cement, and Clay, cement, and stone products. stone products. Mopheads______Mops______Textile products. Mops______d o ______Brooms, brushes, and mops. Mowers______Agricultural implements______Agricultural implements and parts. Muslin______Cotton yard goods, light______Textiles. N a p k in s ______Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products. Neckties______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Nightgowns and nightshirts. Pajamas and nightgowns____ Do. Nightgowns, infants______Miscellaneous clothing______Do. Nursery stock______^___ Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Miscellaneous. O ats______do______Farm: Field crops and garden. Ottomans______Miscellaneous furniture. Furniture, wood. Overalls______Overalls______Clothing, other than knit. Overalls, children’s. Children’s playsuits___ Do. Overcoating______Wool yard goods______Textiles. Overcoats______Overcoats______Clothing, other than knit. Pads, bed protector. Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Pads, cot______Mattresses______Furniture other than metal or wood. Pads, silence______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Pails, tin______Tinware______Metal products, miscellaneous. Paint______Paint______Paint. Pamphlets______Miscellaneous printing and binding. Printing and binding. Pajamas______Pajamas and nightgowns______Clothing, other than knit. Pans, tin______Tinware______Metal products, miscellaneous. Pants, dress______Pants______Clothing, other than knit. Pants, work______----- do______Do. Peanuts______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Pedestals______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, wood. Petticoats______Underwear, women’s and children’s_ Clothing, other than knit. Pigs______Hogs------: ------Farm: Hogs. Pillowcases______Pillowcases______Textile products. Pillows______Pillows______Furniture, other than metal or wood. Pillows, renovated.. Repairs______Do. Pipe, concrete_____ Concrete pipe______Clay, cement, and stone products. Ply goods...... Rope...... Cordage.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2 8 6 PRISON LABOR IN THEl UNITED STATES, 1940

Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions— Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Polish, floor or furniture___ Miscellaneous manufactured pro­ Other manufactured products. ducts. Polish, metal______do______Pork, dressed (produced in Pork, dressed______abbatoir). Pork, dressed (produced on ____do...... Farm: Hogs. farm). Posts, concrete------Concrete posts______Clay, cement, and stone products. Posts, wood------Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. products. Potatoes, sweet______Potatoes______Farm: Field crops and garden. Potatoes, white______----- do______1------Do. Poultry, dressed______Miscellaneous farm...... Farm: Poultry and poultry pro­ ducts. Poultry, live______do...... Do. Powder, scouring_____ Soap______Soap and other detergents. Printing, miscellaneous. Miscellaneous printing and binding. Printing and binding. Racks, iron...... Miscellaneous metal products . Metal products, miscellaneous. Rags______Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products.. Rain capes------Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Rakes, delivery______Agricultural implements_____ Agricultural implements and parts. Rakes, dump______do______Do. Reforestation______Land development...... Construction: Land development. Repair and shop work. Repairs...... Under appropriate type of pro­ duction. Rice______— Miscellaneous farm.______Farm: Field crops and garden. Roads, new______Roads______Construction: Roads. Roads, repaired------Roads repaired______Construction: Major repairs to roads. Rompers, children’s Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Rope______Rope______Cordage. Rugs, wool______Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products.. Rye------: ------Miscellaneous farm...... Farm: Field crops and gardens. Salvaged products. Repairs. Under appropriate type of pro­ duction. Sand------Miscellaneous clay, cement, and Quarrying and rock crushing. stone products. Sanitaries------Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Sausage (produced in ab­ Miscellaneous______Other manufactured products.. batoir). Sausage (produced on farm). M iscellaneous f arm______Farm: Hogs. Scarfs, dresser and table____ Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Scotched tow (flax)______Flax products______Other manufactured products. Scrapers, street broom_____ Miscellaneous metal products_____ Metal products, miscellaneous. Settees------Davenports, sofas, etc______Furniture, wood. Shades, window.______Miscellaneous textile products____ Textile products. Sheep______Miscellaneous livestock______Farm: Miscellaneous. Sheet metal articles, miscel­ Miscellaneous metal products_____ Metal products, miscellaneous. laneous. Sheeting______Cotton yard goods, light______Textiles. Sheets______Sheets______Textile products. Sheets, drop, duck______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Do. Sheets, rubber______do______Do. • Shelves, metal______Miscellaneous metal products_____ Furniture, metal. Shelves, wood______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, wood. Shelving, metal:______Miscellaneous metal products_____ Furniture, metal. Shelving, wood______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, wood. Shipping cases______Boxes______Wood products. Shirting------Cotton yard goods, light______Textiles. Shirts, dress______Shirts, dress______Clothing, other than knit. Shirts, work______Shirts, work______Do. Shoes, new______Shoes, new______Do. Shoes repaired______Shoes repaired______Do. Signs, metal...... Miscellaneous metal products_____ Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Signs, repaired------Repairs______Do. Slaughtering (in abbatoir)... Miscellaneous______Other manufactured products. Slaughtering (on farm)------Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Miscellaneous. Slippers______Shoes, new______Clothing, other than knit. Slips______Underwear, women’s and children’s. Do. Smocks______Aprons______Do. Soap—bar, chips, and powder. Soap______Soap and other detergents. Soap, liquid______do______Do. Sofas------Davenports, sofas, etc______Funiture, wood. Softeners, water...... Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A— GENERAL TABLES 2 8 7

Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions— Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Sorghum cane______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Sprays, insect------Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Spreads, bed______Spreads______Textile products. Stains______Paint______Paint. Stands, metal------Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Stands, wood______do______Furniture, wood. Steam______Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Stepladders, wood______Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. products. Stoker bars______Castings______Metal products, miscellaneous. Stone, building (dressed)___ Stone, building______Quarrying and rock crushing. Stone, building (unfinished). ___ do______Do. Stone, crushed______Stone, crushed______Do. Stone, cut and dressed______Stone, building______Do. Stone, dimension______do______Do. Stone products, not else­ Miscellaneous clay, cement, and Clay, cement, and stone products. where classified. stone products. Stools, m etal..______Miscellaneous furniture______Furniture, metal. Stools, wood______----- do------Furniture, wood. Stoves, iron------Miscellaneous metal products_____ Metal products, miscellaneous. Straight jackets______Miscellaneous textile products____ Textile products. Straw______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Sugar______Sugar______Sugar. Sugarcane______Sugarcane______Farm: Field crops and garden. Suiting, wool...... Wool yard goods______Textiles. Suits______Suits______Clothing, other than knit. Suits, play______Children’s playsuits______Do. Sweaters______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, knit. Sweeping compound...... Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Syrup (produced on farm)... Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Miscellaneous. Syrup (produced in sugar ___ do...... Sugar. mill). Tablecloths ...... Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products. Tables, metal____ Tables______Furniture, metal. Tables, wood______do______Furniture, wood. Tags, auto-license. Auto-license tags...... _ _ Metal products: Tags, highway markers, and signs. Tags, miscellaneous______Tags, miscellaneous______Do. Tallow______Miscellaneous farm..:______Farm: Miscellaneous. Tape, cotton______Miscellaneous textiles______Textiles. Tarpaulins______Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products. Tents...... ___ do______Do. Terry cloth______Cotton yard goods, light_____ Textiles. Textile articles, miscellane- Miscellaneous textile products. Textile products. Ticking______Cotton yard goods, light______Textiles. Ticks, bed or pillow______Miscellaneous textile products_____ Textile products. Tile, building______Brick and building tile______Clay, cement, and stone products. Tile, drain or sewer______Miscellaneous clay, cement, and stone products. Tile roofing______- .do______Do. Tinware______Tinware______Metal products, miscellaneous. Tobacco (field crop)______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Field crops and garden. Tobacco, chewing...... Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Tobacco, smoking______----- do______Do. Toweling______Cotton yard goods, light...... Textiles. Towels______. Towels______Textile products. Toys______Toys______Other manufactured products. Trees______Miscellaneous farm______Farm: Miscellaneous. Trucks, post-office or laun­ Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. dry (canvas). ucts. Trucks, tongue______Agricultural implements______Agricultural implements and parts. Trucks, transport______. -_.do______Do. Tubing, knitted wrist_____ Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, knit. Tubing, pillow______Cotton yard goods, light. . ______Textiles. Tubs, metal______Galvanized ware______Metal products, miscellaneous. Turpentine...... Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. products. Twine______Rope______Cordage. Underwear, knit______Underwear______Clothing, knit. Underwear, men’s and boys’ _ Underwear, men’s and boys’ ______Clothing, other than knit. Underwear, women’s and Underwear, women’s and children’s. Do. children’s.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2 8 8 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE®, 1940

Index of Products of State and Federal Institutions— Continued

Included under— Article produced, service, or operation Subheading Type of production

Uniforms______Uniforms______Clothing, other than knit. Uniforms, prison______Uniforms, prison - __ ...... _ Do. Unionalls______Overalls______Do. Vanities, metal______Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc...... Furniture, metal. Vanities, wood____ _ - ____do______Furniture, wood. Varnish ...... _ Paint______Paint. Veal, dressed (from abbatoir) Beef, dressed______Other manufactured products. Veal, dressed (from beef cat- Farm: Cattle. tie). Veal, dressed (from dairy ____do______Farm: Dairy. cattle). Venetian blinds______Miscellaneous furniture.______Furniture, wood. Vests, men’s ______Miscellaneous clothing______Clothing, other than knit. Vests, women’s______Underwear.______Clothing, knit. W agons, farm...... Agricultural implements.. ______Agricultural implements and parts. Wagon repairs______Repairs______Do. Waists, boys’ ______Shirts, dress.-. ______Clothing, other than knit. ______metalBureaus, chiffoniers, etc______. Furniture, metal.Wardrobes, Wardrobes, wood______.. - d o ______Furniture, wood. Wastebaskets, metal Baskets __ ... ______Furniture, metal. Wastebaskets, w ood ____- . - do - ______Furniture, wood. Waste, cotton ______Miscellaneous textiles ...... Textiles. Wax, floor______Miscellaneous manufactured prod­ Other manufactured products. ucts. Wheat Wheat .. ______Farm: Field crops and garden. Willow, peeled (for baskets) „ Miscellaneous lumber and timber Wood products. products. Wood, fuel _ _ .. do ______Do. Wood products miscellane­ ____do------Do. ous. Wool ______Miscellaneousfarm______... Farm: Miscellaneous. Wool yard goods ______Wool yard goods------Textiles. Wrappers, women’s______Miscellaneous clothing. ______Clothing, other than knit. Yarn, cotton______Yarn, cotton______Textiles. Yarn, wool ______Yarn, wool______Do.

O

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis