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USP Florence Administrative Maximum Security (ADX) Inspection Report and USP Florence-High Survey Report

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USP Florence Administrative Maximum Security (ADX) Inspection Report And USP Florence-High Survey Report USP Florence ADX (photo by Federal Bureau of Prisons) District of Columbia Corrections Information Council October 31, 2018 1 District of Columbia Corrections Information Council Charles Thornton, Board Chair Katharine A. Huffman, Board Member Phylisa Carter, Board Member Calvin Woodland, Jr., Board Member About the District of Columbia Corrections Information Council The District of Columbia Corrections Information Council (CIC) is an independent oversight body mandated by the United States Congress and the Council of the District of Columbia to inspect, monitor, and report on the conditions of confinement in correctional facilities where inmates from the District of Columbia are incarcerated. This includes facilities operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), the District of Columbia Department of Corrections (DOC), and private contractors. The CIC reports its observations and recommendations to the District of Columbia Representative in the United States Congress, the Mayor of the District of Columbia, the Council of the District of Columbia, the District of Columbia Deputy Mayor for Public Safety and Justice, the Director of the BOP, the Director of the DOC, and the community. Although the CIC does not handle individual complaints or provide legal representation or advice, individuals are still encouraged to contact the CIC. Reports, concerns, and general information from incarcerated DC residents and the public is very important to the CIC, and they greatly inform our inspection schedule, recommendations, and reports. However, unless expressly permitted by the individuals or required by law, names and identifying information of inmates, corrections staff not in leadership, and members of the general public will be kept anonymous and confidential. DC Corrections Information Council 2901 14th Street, NW Ground Floor Washington, DC 20009 Phone: (202) 478-9211 Email: [email protected] Website: https://cic.dc.gov/ 2 Executive Summary Dates of Inspection: April 26-27, 2017 Florence ADX Location: Florence, Colorado Distance from DC: 1,682 miles Facility Profile DC Inmates Security Level: Administrative Maximum DC Population: 35 (9.78% of total population) Rated Capacity: 490 Average Age: 45.3 years old Total Population: 427 (87.2% capacity) Average Sentence: 364 months Staff-to-Inmate Ratio: 1.22 : 1 Individuals with Detainers: 6 Findings Incarcerated DC men are Staff stated that 92% of inmates at the disproportionately housed at Florence Florence ADX were designated to the ADX, as they comprised 8.2% of the facility due to discipline issues at other Florence ADX inmate population but BOP facilities. 2.5% of the total federal inmate STAGES is a program unit that operates population. as an alternative to inmates with mental Inmates at Florence ADX spend 22 or illness whom might otherwise be in more hours a day alone in a cell with no Florence ADMAX, as a way to divert meaningful human contact, in what is said inmates from solitary confinement. commonly known as solitary Staff reported that, at times while in four- confinement. point restraints, inmates would be Cunningham v. BOP, a class action lawsuit temporarily unfettered, so that they can filed in June 2012 involving several shower and clean their cells. Staff then Florence ADMAX inmates with mental would place the inmates back in illness against the BOP, resulted in a restraints. settlement between the parties on After the CIC’s onsite recommendation, December 29, 2016. Terms of the Federal Correctional Complex Florence settlement apply to the class of plaintiffs began participating in the CSOSA’s listed as well as the subclass of inmates Quarterly Community Resource Day present and future with mental illness in Video Conference. Florence ADMAX. Half of 24 DC men surveyed reported being incarcerated at Florence ADX for over five years. Three reported being incarcerated at Florence ADX for over 20 years. 3 Recommendations Based on the inspection of Florence ADX, the CIC makes the following recommendations. 1. The facility should monitor that those in general population units in particular, as well as other units, are receiving more hours of out-of-cell time each day. 2. The CIC recommends that those from DC are evaluated for participation in the Step Down and STAGES program, to ensure that there is no disparate treatment in such transfers. 3. An independent qualified mental health professional provide evaluations of inmates’ current levels of functioning. If, in the clinical judgment of this independent evaluator, the inmate requires a higher level of care, the BOP should make arrangements for their transfer to a more appropriate facility. 4. Increased access to psychology services, including increased rounds and documented contact to better ensure access. Ensure adequate mental health staffing and deployment schedules so as to be able to respond to inmate requests within a reasonable period of time. 5. Increase capacity for group programming by converting the former UNICOR space or another such space to group therapy space. Examine alternates to cages as security measures for group programming. 6. Refrain from punishing inmates following acts of self-harm. 7. Screen inmates for traumatic brain injury (TBI) upon their admission to the facility. 8. The facility and agency should evaluate time between requests and receipt of medical and dental care and endeavor to make any necessary improvements. 9. Evaluate inmates, taking into account disability and mobility needs in reference to design limitations of the cells; then take measures to accommodate these needs, including transfer to more appropriate facilities that can accommodate those needs. 10. Use restraints as a last resort, in a limited capacity, if at all, and not as a punitive measure. 11. Mental health staff consider alternatives to security’s use of restraints in instances where signs of potential mental health decompensation are present immediately, rather than the once every 24-hour review. 12. Evaluate wait times for disciplinary hearings, taking into account outliers as well as averages, and it should complete monthly reviews of such times to quickly remedy instances where people are waiting weeks for hearings. 13. The facility and agency review the administrative remedies process and take corrective action to address any circumstances that may circumvent opportunities for review of grievances on the merits. 14. Explore more ways for inmates to participate in out-of-cell programming, including conversion of old UNICOR space to programming space. In addition, facility should explore programming options outside of cages 4 15. Implement more programs like the STAGES Program as alternatives to solitary confinement for those with mental illness; and go further to use similar programs to reduce the use of solitary confinement for all incarcerated persons. 16. View communication less as a privilege to be denied and more as a public safety issue, allowing for more efficient communication with home via mail and video conferencing. 17. The facility and the agency evaluate the reentry programming in the Release Preparation Unit and more broadly offered by Reentry Services Coordinator to identify ways to improve content and delivery. 18. Evaluate the cases of those who are within 24 months of release who could potentially be released straight from Florence ADX in an effort to maximize the amount of potential halfway house time for up to a year, per The Second Chance Act of 2007. 5 Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 3 Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................... 6 I. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 7 A. Cunningham v. BOP ..................................................................................................... 8 B. Demographics of DC Population ................................................................................. 9 C. Feedback from DC Population ..................................................................................... 9 II. ADX Units .......................................................................................................................... 10 A. Referral to ADX ........................................................................................................... 10 B. Housing Units ............................................................................................................. 10 C. Cell Descriptions .......................................................................................................... 11 D. Unit Staff ..................................................................................................................... 12 E. Step-Down Program ................................................................................................... 12 F. STAGES ...................................................................................................................... 14 III. Health Services.................................................................................................................. 15 A. Mental Health Care ....................................................................................................
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