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Findings from a Pilot Prison Yoga Program in Australia
IJOXXX10.1177/0306624X19854869International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative CriminologyBartels et al. 854869research-article2019 Original Manuscript International Journal of Offender Therapy and “I Would Just Feel Really Comparative Criminology 1 –19 Relaxed and at Peace”: © The Author(s) 2019 Article reuse guidelines: Findings From a Pilot Prison sagepub.com/journals-permissions https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X19854869DOI: 10.1177/0306624X19854869 Yoga Program in Australia journals.sagepub.com/home/ijo Lorana Bartels1,2 , Lisa N. Oxman1, and Anthony Hopkins3 Abstract International research provides support for yoga as a well-being intervention in prison. No systematic research has been undertaken in Australia to assess the effectiveness of prison yoga programs. In 2017, the authors, in partnership with Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Corrective Services and the Yoga Foundation, introduced a weekly pilot yoga program at the ACT prison. This article presents quantitative and qualitative findings from the program. Although the small sample size (n = 8) is acknowledged, our findings indicate that participants attained statistically and clinically significant benefit from the program, demonstrated by improvements in their levels of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, goal-direction, negative affect, and non-acceptance. They also reported improved flexibility, sleep and relaxation, pain reduction, and identified improvements in their mental well-being, commenting that the program made them feel “calm” and “at peace.” The article -
Veterans in State and Federal Prison, 2004
U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report May 2007, NCJ 217199 Veterans in State and Federal Prison, 2004 By Margaret E. Noonan Percent of prisoners reporting prior military service BJS Statistician continues to decline and Christopher J. Mumola BJS Policy Analyst Percent of prisoners 25% The percentage of veterans among State and Federal Federal prisoners has steadily declined over the past three decades, 20% according to national surveys of prison inmates conducted State by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). In 2004,10% of 15% State prisoners reported prior service in the U.S. Armed Forces, down from 12% in 1997 and 20% in 1986. Since 10% BJS began surveying Federal prisoners in 1991, they have 5% shown the same decline over a shorter period. Overall, an estimated 140,000 veterans were held in the Nation’s 0% prisons in 2004, down from 153,100 in 2000. 1986 1991 1997 2004 The majority of veterans in State (54%) and Federal (64%) prison served during a wartime period, but a much lower percentage reported seeing combat duty (20% of State Veterans had shorter criminal records than nonveterans in prisoners, 26% of Federal). Vietnam War-era veterans were State prison, but reported longer prison sentences and the most common wartime veterans in both State (36%) and expected to serve more time in prison than nonveterans. Federal (39%) prison. Veterans of the Iraq-Afghanistan eras Nearly a third of veterans and a quarter of nonveterans comprised 4% of veterans in both State and Federal prison. -
Transform the Harsh Economic Reality of Working Inmates
Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development Volume 27 Issue 4 Volume 27, Winter 2015, Issue 4 Article 4 Emancipate the FLSA: Transform the Harsh Economic Reality of Working Inmates Patrice A. Fulcher Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/jcred This Notes and Comments is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at St. John's Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development by an authorized editor of St. John's Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EMANCIPATE THE FLSA: TRANSFORM THE HARSH ECONOMIC REALITY OF WORKING INMATES PATRICE A. FULCHER* ABSTRACT Prisoner labor is a booming American industry. The 2.3 million people in the United States of America ("U.S.") behind bars serve as human resources sustaining the Prison Industrial Complex. In a less economically depressed market, perhaps there would be national prison reform campaigns geared toward decreasing the prison population. But in today's economic climate, the increase of U.S. inhabitants sentenced to prison has helped to quench the thirst for cheap, and in many instances, free laborers. Proponents of the use of inmate labor in the U.S. have argued that inmates should not be paid minimum wages because working for free is a part of the punishment for their crime. However, critics maintain that forcing inmates to work for free is the rebirth of chattel slavery. In order to protect the rights of workers, Congress passed the Fair Labor Standards Act ("FLSA") in 1938, which in part, established the national minimum wage requirement. -
Yoga in Correctional Settings: a Randomized Controlled Study
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 16 October 2017 doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00204 Yoga in Correctional Settings: A Randomized Controlled Study Nóra Kerekes1*, Cecilia Fielding2 and Susanne Apelqvist 2 1 Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden, 2 R&E, Swedish Prison and Probation Services, Norrköping, Sweden Background: The effect of yoga in the reduction of depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, anger as well as in the increased ability of behavioral control has been shown. These effects of yoga are highly relevant for prison inmates who often have poor mental health and low impulse control. While it has been shown that yoga and meditation can be effective in improving subjective well-being, mental health, and executive functioning within prison populations, only a limited number of studies have proved this, using ran- domized controlled settings. Methods: A total of 152 participants from nine Swedish correctional facilities were ran- domly assigned to a 10-week yoga group (one class a week; N = 77) or a control group (N = 75). Before and after the intervention period, participants answered questionnaires measuring stress, aggression, affective states, sleep quality, and psychological well- Edited by: being and completed a computerized test measuring attention and impulsivity. Cristina Scarpazza, Università degli Studi Results: After the intervention period, significant improvements were found on 13 of di Padova, Italy the 16 variables within the yoga group (e.g., less perceived stress, better sleep quality, Reviewed by: an increased psychological and emotional well-being, less aggressive, and antisocial Katherine Auty, behavior) and on two within the control group. Compared to the control group, yoga University of Cambridge, United Kingdom class participants reported significantly improved emotional well-being and less antiso- Nubia G. -
Final Criminology May 09:Layout 1
Issue 3: Summer 2009 Criminology in Focus THE NEWSLETTER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINOLOGY Inside this issue: The event will begin with a day In the following pages you will find conference for those studying for a PhD out about the latest news from the on Sunday 11th July 2010, followed by Department, our current research and three days of the main conference. The what our students and staff have been conference theme is: up to. We hope that you find Human Rights, Human Wrongs: Criminology in Focus informative and HUMAN Dilemmas and Diversity in Criminology interesting. Please do let us know RIGHTS what you think. HUMAN The conference theme gives primacy to the increasingly important relationship Department News ........................2 WRONGS between criminology and human rights, Dilemmas but has been framed in deliberately Staff Focus.....................................5 and Diversity in Criminology inclusive terms as a way of capturing the Research Focus..............................7 imagination of all criminologists. Student Focus ...............................8 The conference will be held at the University of Leicester Conference Centre Alumni Focus...............................11 in Oadby. This will provide an excellent base for the 500 delegates as it enables If you have any comments please the majority of the conference to be based contact the editors: Department of Criminology is on one site. Professor Yvonne Jewkes and Dr Neil Chakraborti, part of the Helen Baldock, to host the British Society of conference organising committee Department of Criminology, Criminology Conference 2010 alongside Professor Yvonne Jewkes and 154 Upper New Walk, conference coordinator Helen Baldock, Leicester, LE1 7QA It has been announced that the commented: T: +44 (0) 116 252 5780 Department of Criminology, University E: [email protected] of Leicester, has been successful in its “Being chosen to host this prestigious bid to host the annual British Society of event is a sign of how highly regarded Criminology Conference in 2010. -
Annual Report August 2015 FINAL
THE FRIENDS of ERLESTOKE PRISON ANNUAL REPORT 1st April 2014 to 31st March 2015 Date of report: AUGUST 2015 HMP Erlestoke Westbury Road Erlestoke Devizes SN10 5TU www.friendsoferlestokeprison.com email: [email protected] Contents 1.! Chair’s report.............................................................................................................................................2! 2.! Reference and administrative details of the Friends of Erlestoke Prison, its Trustees and advisers ........3! 3.! Objectives of the Friends of Erlestoke Prison ...........................................................................................3! 4.! Structure, governance and management ..................................................................................................4! 5.! Our Royal Patron.......................................................................................................................................5! 6.! Marketing and Publicity .............................................................................................................................5! 7.! Projects .....................................................................................................................................................6! 7.1! Bookstart ............................................................................................................................................6! 7.2! Housing Support Worker ....................................................................................................................6! -
Lessons in Flexibility: Introducing a Yoga Program in an Australian Prison
www.crimejusticejournal.com IJCJ&SD 2019 8(4): 47-61 ISSN 2202-8005 Lessons in Flexibility: Introducing a Yoga Program in an Australian Prison Anthony Hopkins, Lorana Bartels, Lisa Oxman Australian National University, Australia Abstract International research provides support for yoga as a wellbeing intervention in prison. Until recently, no systematic research had been undertaken in Australia to assess the effectiveness of a yoga program, or consider the challenges of implementation. In 2017, the authors, in partnership with Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Corrective Services and the Yoga Foundation, introduced a pilot yoga program at the Alexander Maconochie Centre in the ACT. This paper draws on comments from the prisoners who participated in the program and the yoga teacher, as well as the perspectives of a prison psychologist and the lead author, both of whom also participated in the program. The paper reflects on the lessons learnt from developing and delivering a prison yoga program and advocates for the expansion of such programs in Australian prisons. Keywords Australian corrective services; meditation; prison; yoga. Please cite this article as: Hopkins A, Bartels L and Oxman L (2019) Lessons in flexibility: Introducing a yoga program in an Australian prison. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 8(4): 47-61. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v8i4.1046 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. As an open access journal, articles are free to use with proper attribution. ISSN: 2202- 8005 © The Author(s) 2019 Anthony Hopkins, Lorana Bartels, Lisa Oxman: Lessons in Flexibility Introduction Readers are invited to imagine that it is a hot afternoon in Canberra, Australia in mid-January 2017. -
Lenient in Theory, Dumb in Fact: Prison, Speech, and Scrutiny
\\jciprod01\productn\G\GWN\84-4\GWN403.txt unknown Seq: 1 19-JUL-16 10:28 Lenient in Theory, Dumb in Fact: Prison, Speech, and Scrutiny David M. Shapiro* ABSTRACT The Supreme Court declared thirty years ago in Turner v. Safley that prisoners are not without constitutional rights: any restriction on those rights must be justified by a reasonable relationship between the restriction at issue and a legitimate penological objective. In practice, however, the decision has given prisoners virtually no protection. Exercising their discretion under Tur- ner, correctional officials have saddled prisoners’ expressive rights with a host of arbitrary restrictions—including prohibiting President Obama’s book as a national security threat; using hobby knives to excise Bible passages from let- ters; forbidding all non-religious publications; banning Ulysses, John Updike, Maimonides, case law, and cat pictures. At the same time, the courts have had no difficulty administering the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Per- sons Act (RLUIPA), which gives prisons far less deference by extending strict scrutiny to free exercise claims by prisoners. Experience with the Turner stan- dard demonstrates that it licenses capricious invasions of constitutional rights, and RLUIPA demonstrates that a heightened standard of review can protect prisoners’ expressive freedoms without compromising prison security. It is time for the Court to revisit Turner. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................. 973 R I. TURNER IN THE SUPREME COURT ...................... 980 R II. TURNER IN THE LOWER COURTS ....................... 988 R A. Hatch v. Lappin (First Circuit) ...................... 989 R B. Munson v. Gaetz (Seventh Circuit) ................. 990 R C. Singer v. Raemisch (Seventh Circuit) ............... 991 R D. -
Research Into Restorative Justice in Custodial Settings
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN CUSTODIAL SETTINGS Report for the Restorative Justice Working Group in Northern Ireland Marian Liebmann and Stephanie Braithwaite CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Full Report Introduction 1 Restorative Justice 1 Community Service 2 Victim/Offender Mediation 4 Victim Enquiry Work 8 Victim/Offender Groups 8 Relationships in Prison 13 Victim Awareness Work in Prisons 15 Restorative Justice Philosophy in Prisons 17 Issues in Custodial Settings 19 Conclusion 21 Recommendations 21 Useful Organisations 22 Organisations and People Contacted 25 References and useful Publications 27 Restorative Justice in Custodial Settings Marian Liebmann and Stephanie Braithwaite Executive Summary Introduction This lays out the scope of the task. As there is very little written material or research in this area, the authors of the report have, in addition to searching the literature in the normal way, made informal contact with a wide range of professionals and practitioners working in the field of Restorative Justice. The short timescale has meant that there is still material yet to arrive. Nevertheless a good range of information has been gathered. As part of this research, the authors undertook two surveys in April 1999, one of victim/offender mediation services’ involvement with offenders in custody, one of custodial institutions reported to be undertaking Restorative Justice initiatives. Restorative Justice We have used as a starting point a definition of restorative justice by the R.J.W.G. of Northern Ireland: “Using a Restorative Justice model within the Criminal Justice System is embarking on a process of settlement in which: victims are key participants, offenders must accept responsibility for their actions and members of the communities (victims and offenders) are involved in seeking a healing process which includes restitution and restoration." Community Service The Prison Phoenix Trust carried out two surveys of community work and projects carried out by prison establishments, in 1996 and 1998. -
Russian Federation: Prison Transportation in Russia: Travelling
PRISONER TRANSPORTATION IN RUSSIA: TRAVELLING INTO THE UNKNOWN AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL IS A GLOBAL MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN 7 MILLION PEOPLE WHO CAMPAIGN FOR A WORLD WHERE HUMAN RIGHTS ARE ENJOYED BY ALL. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: View from a compartment on a prisoner transportation carriage. (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. © Photo taken by Ernest Mezak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: EUR 46/6878/2017 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS 7 DISTANCE FROM HOME AND FAMILY 7 TO COMBAT CRUEL, INHUMAN AND DEGRADING TREATMENT 7 CONTACT WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD 7 METHODOLOGY 8 1. BACKGROUND: RUSSIAN PENAL SYSTEM 9 2. DISTANCE FROM HOME AND FAMILY 10 2.1 GENDER AND DISTANCE 14 2.2 LEGAL CHALLENGES ON DISTANCE 15 2.3 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS 15 3. CRUEL, INHUMAN AND DEGRADING TREATMENT 17 3.1 TRANSPORTATION BY TRAIN 18 3.2 TRANSPORTATION IN PRISON VANS 19 3.3 LEGAL CHALLENGES ON CONDITIONS 21 3.4 ACCESS TO MEDICAL CARE 22 3.5 ACCESS TO TOILETS 22 3.6 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS 23 4. -
BOP Legal Resource Guide
U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Prisons LEGAL RESOURCE GUIDE TO THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS 2019 * Statutes, regulations, case law, and agency policies (Program Statements) referred to in this Guide are current as of February 2019. Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. The Bureau of Prisons Mission 2 B. This Publication 2 C. Websites 2 D. District of Columbia (D.C.) Code Felony Offenders 3 II. PRETRIAL ISSUES 3 A. Pretrial Detention 3 B. Pretrial Inmate Health Care 3 III. EVALUATION OF OFFENDER MENTAL CAPACITY 4 A. Pretrial: Mental Evaluation and Commitment: 18 U.S.C. § 4241 5 B. Pretrial: Determination of Insanity at Time of Offense and Commitment: 18 U.S.C. §§ 4242, 4243 6 C. Conviction and Pre-Sentencing Stage: Mental Condition Prior to Time of Sentencing: 18 U.S.C. §4244 6 D. Post-Sentencing Hospitalization: 18 U.S.C. § 4245 7 E. Hospitalization of Mentally Incompetent Person Due for Release: 18 U.S.C. § 4246 7 F. Civil Commitment of a Sexually Dangerous Person: 18 U.S.C. § 4248 8 G. Examination of an Inmate Eligible for Parole: 18 U.S.C. § 4205 9 H. Presentence Study and Psychological or Psychiatric Examination: 18 U.S.C. § 3552(b)-(c) 9 I. State Custody, Remedies in Federal Courts: 28 U.S.C. § 2254; Prisoners in State Custody Subject to Capital Sentence, Appointment of Counsel, Requirement of Rule of Court or Statute, Procedures for Appointment: 28 U.S.C. § 2261 9 IV. SENTENCING ISSUES 9 A. Probation and Conditions of Probation 10 1. Community Confinement 10 2. -
United States Department of Justice Federal Prison System
United States Department of Justice Federal Prison System FY 2020 PERFORMANCE BUDGET Congressional Submission This Page Is Intentionally Left Blank iii Table of Contents Page No I. Overview............................................................................................................................ 1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 B. Population – Past and Present ....................................................................................... 6 C. Inmate Programs ........................................................................................................... 8 D. Challenges ....................................................................................................................10 E. Best Practices ................................................................................................................14 F. Full Program Costs ........................................................................................................15 G. Environmental Accountability ......................................................................................16 II. Summary of Program Changes .....................................................................................19 III. Appropriations Language and Analysis of Appropriations Language ....................20 IV. Program Activity Justification A. Inmate Care and Programs ..........................................................................................21