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TRAVEL PLANNING GUIDE Colombia’s Colonial Jewels & the Coffee Triangle 2020 Small Groups: 8-16 travelers—guaranteed! (average of 14) Overseas Adventure Travel ® The Leader in Small Groups on the Road Less Traveled 1 Overseas Adventure Travel ® 347 Congress Street, Boston, MA 02210 Dear Traveler, We've always felt that real travel is about meeting new people and discovering unfamiliar cultures—elements that are at the heart of every O.A.T. adventure. In the following pages, you'll find detailed information about the adventure you've expressed interest in, including a detailed day-to-day itinerary. We've also included visa requirements, regional weather conditions, local currency and health information—even a few film and book recommendations for further inspiration about this destination. Exploring the world with O.A.T. allows you to experience the awe and wonder of familiar and far- flung destinations in a small group of 8-16 travelers (with an average of 14). And since no one brings a new location to life better than someone who makes his or her home in that destination, you'll be accompanied by one of our local Trip Leaders, who will serve as your chief experience leader—helping to ensure you're getting the personalized experiences you're looking for. With O.A.T. you'll benefit from our decades-long experience introducing the world to American travelers at the best value anywhere. We have the lowest prices in the industry and offer FREE Single Supplements—which means solo travelers never pay more for their own hotel or cabin. Plus, you can join the 85% of travelers who are choosing to personalize their experiences. From extending your travels—whether with us or on your own—to building in time to ensure a smooth beginning and end to your adventure, the choice is yours. We hope you find the information inside helpful. If you have any further questions about this trip, don't hesitate to contact one of our Adventure Specialists at 1-800-955-1925. Thank you again for your interest, and we look forward to welcoming you soon on a life-changing adventure. Warm regards, Alan E. Lewis Harriet R. Lewis Chairman Vice Chairman Overseas Adventure Travel P.S. Visit us online to find videos and films about our adventures—from independent films featuring the destinations you'll visit, to itinerary highlights. Go to www.oattravel.com and enjoy the show! 1073 POD PMA-LET.indd 1 5/31/12 4:11 PM 2 WHAT’S INSIDE TRIP SUMMARY It’s Included . 4 Departure Dates and Prices . 5 Freedom to Personalize Your Experience . 6 DETAILED DAY -TO-DAY ITINERARY . 7 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THIS TRIP. 28 Travel Documents & Entry Requirements . 30 Health . 32 Money Matters . 37 Preparing for Your Trip . 41 Packing . 44 Climate . 50 About Your Destinations . 53 Demographics & History . 58 Resources . 68 MAP . 75 3 Visit a coffee plantation during A Day in the Life in Colombia’s Coffee Triangle Colombia’s Colonial Jewels & the Coffee Triangle Small Group Adventure Colombia: Bogotá, Medellín, Coffee Triangle, Cartagena Countries: 1 | Cities: 3 Small groups: 8-16 travelers—guaranteed! It’s Included (average of 14) • International airfare, airport transfers, • Explore in a small group of 8-16 $ government taxes, fees, and airline fuel travelers (with an average group 12 days from 2995 surcharges unless you choose to make size of 14) your own air arrangements Includes international airfare • Services of a local O.A.T. Trip All land transportation and 3 Experience Leader Travel from only $250 a day • internal flights • Gratuities for local guides, drivers, Accommodations for 18 nights and luggage porters 12 days from $ 2195 • Without international airfare • 42 meals—18 breakfasts, 13 lunches • 5% Frequent Traveler Credit (including 1 Home-Hosted Lunch), and toward your next adventure— Single Supplement: FREE 11 dinners an average of $241 • 14 small group activities Maximize Your To get a richer view of the Included Features on this adventure, Discoveries & Value watch our Trip Itinerary video at www.oattravel.com/bog2020 Optional extension s : Bolivia: La Paz & Lake Titicaca 5 nights pre-trip from $1395 Travel from only $279 per night Ecuador: The Andes & the Devil’s Nose Train 7 nights post-trip from $1995 Travel from only $285 per night Pereira, Colombia Colombia’s Colonial Jewels & the Coff ee Triangle 4 Colombia’s Colonial Jewels & FREEDOM TO PERSONALIZE YOUR ADVENTURE From upgrading your air itinerary to spending more time in a the Coffee Triangle favorite city, our Adventure Specialists are here to discuss your personalization options at 1-800-955-1925. Visit www.oattravel. 2020 Dates & Prices com/personalize-bog2019 for details. MARCH; JAN 7, 10; JAN 14-28; FEBRUARY; MAY; JUNE; DEPART FROM DEC 9, 16 DEC 1, 4 NOVEMBER SEPTEMBER APRIL JULY AUGUST Miami $3795 $3595 $3495 $3295 $3195 $2995 $3095 Orlando, Tampa $3995 $3795 $3695 $3495 $3395 $3195 $3295 Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Detroit, Houston, New York, $4095 $3895 $3795 $3595 $3495 $3295 $3395 Newark, Philadelphia, Washington, DC Denver, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, Phoenix, Portland, San Diego, $4195 $3995 $3895 $3695 $3595 $3395 $3495 San Francisco, Seattle Additional departure cities are available. Upgrade to Business Class may be available for the international portion of your flight. Call for details. JANUARY; FEBRUARY; MARCH; MAY; JUNE; DECEMBER NOVEMBER SEPTEMBER APRIL AUGUST JULY Without international airfare $2995 $2895 $2695 $2395 $2495 $2195 BOG2020 Prices are per person. Airfare prices include government taxes, fees, and airline fuel surcharges. All prices and availability are effective as of the date of this publication, and are subject to change without notice. Standard Terms & Conditions apply, please visit our website: www.oattravel.com/tc. Every effort has been made to produce this information accurately. We reserve the right to correct errors. For specific departure dates, current availability, and detailed pricing, visit www.oattravel.com/bog2020pricing COMBINE ADVENTURES FREE SINGLE RESERVE EARLY & SAVE SHARE YOUR LOVE & SAVE SUPPLEMENT with our Good Buy Plan OF TRAVEL We offer FREE Single New travelers you refer will See more of the world—and Supplements on your main The earlier you pay by check or instantly save $100, and avoid another international trip and all extensions. electronic funds transfer, the you’ll earn increasing rewards— flight—by combining this more you SAVE! up to a FREE trip! Each departure has limited solo adventure with Real For details, visit . space available —call today For details, visit Affordable Peru to reserve. www.oattravel.com/gbd www.oattravel.com/va Publication Date 10/3/19 Information & Reservations 1-800-955-1925 www.oattravel.com/bog2020 5 Freedom to Personalize Your Experience Your Choice, Your Adventure, Your Way We recommend you spend extra time in a destination to truly make your adventure everything you’ve ever dreamed about—in fact, 85% of our travelers are personalizing their experience in more than 90 countries. Call us at 1-800-955-1925 to discuss personalizing your adventure today or visit us online at www.oattravel.com/personalize-bog2020. 'āƩ łāÈŋŽũRùāÖķdāłėŶĞŋĕŶÖƘ̝ • Stay overnight (or for a few days) in a common connecting city on this adventure, or in a destination of your choice arrive early, stay later & more Extending your time in a destination can improve your overall travel Please note: Our Adventure Specialists can help you plan your airfare if experience—and allow you to seek out even more eye-opening you’d like to “break away,” however since this option is completely on your cultural interactions. Your local Trip Experience Leader will help to own, you will need to plan your own accommodations, meals, tours, and ensure you’re getting the personalized experiences you’re looking for. transfers. With their unmatched understanding of Central American culture, Back-to-Back Adventures: 90% of travelers who combined two it’s no surprise that 94% of our travelers rate their Trip Experience trips anywhere in the world rated it excellent Leader excellent. One of the most common adventures travelers combine with this one From extending your travels—whether with us or on your own—to is Real Affordable Peru. If you’re already overseas, why not see more building in time to ensure a smooth beginning and end to your Small of the world and avoid another international flight? Plus, you’ll save Group Adventure, the choice is yours. Here are some of your options: $250-$350 per person when you reserve two trips right after one Maximize Your Time & Value: 55% of travelers take an extension another. Trip extensions give you more time, allowing you to get refreshed ũĢƑÖŶāùƑāłŶŽũāŭ̆¦ũÖƑāķĢłÖłāƗóķŽŭĢƑāėũŋŽť and acclimated before your adventure begins or before your return to the U.S. On this adventure, you have two extensions to choose from, ŋĕÖŭĕāƒÖŭ˓ including Bolivia: La Paz & Lake Titicaca and Ecuador: The Andes & the Reserve an exclusive departure with your friends and family. It’s Devil’s Nose Train. simple: You choose the people you travel with, the departure date, and “Break Away” Options: 30% of travelers spend more time abroad the size of your group. O.A.T. does the rest. Before or after your main adventure or trip extension, “break away” ĢũzťŶĢŋłŭ̆mŋũāŶĞÖł˔ˏͮŋĕŶũÖƑāķāũŭóŽŭŶŋĿĢơā anywhere you’d like to go to do more exploring entirely on your own. Extend your time abroad with the following options: ŶĞāĢũƪ ĢėĞŶŭ • Choose your departure city and airline • Spend more time in Bogotá before, or in Cartagena after, your adventure • Depart from one city and return to another • Upgrade your seat or choose a specific meal option Docks, Cartagena, Colombia Colombia’s Colonial Jewels & the Coff ee Triangle 6 Overseas SM Adventure Travel Since 1978 Colombia’s Colonial Jewels & ŶĞā!ŋƦāā¦ũĢÖłėķā 2020 ːˑ̟'ÖƘĿÖķķFũŋŽťùƑāłŶŽũā EXTEND YOUR TRIP PRE-TRIP Bolivia: La Paz & Lake Titicaca POST-TRIP Ecuador: The Andes & the Devil’s Nose Train Your Day-to-Day Itinerary 7 OVERSEAS ADVENTURE TRAVEL Overseas Adventure Travel, founded in 1978, is America’s leading adventure travel company.
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  • Liberian Studies Journal

    Liberian Studies Journal

    VOLUME VI 1975 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL (-011111Insea.,.... , .. o r r AFA A _ 2?-. FOR SALE 0.1+* CHARLIE No 4 PO ßox 419, MECNttt+ ST tR il LIBERIA C MONROVIA S.. ) J;1 MMNNIIN. il4j 1 Edited by: Svend E. Holsoe, Frederick D. McEvoy, University of Delaware Marshall University PUBLISHED AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor African Art Stores, Monrovia. (Photo: Jane J. Martin) PDF compression, OCR, web optimizationi using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor VOLUME VI 1975 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL EDITED BY Svend E. Holsoe Frederick D. McEvoy University of Delaware Marshall University EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Igolima T. D. Amachree Western Illinois University J. Bernard Blamo Mary Antoinette Brown Sherman College of Liberal & Fine Arts William V. S. Tubman Teachers College University of Liberia University of Liberia George E. Brooks, Jr. Warren L. d'Azevedo Indiana University University of Nevada David Dalby Bohumil Holas School of Oriental and African Studies Centre des Science Humaines University of London Republique de Côte d'Ivoire James L. Gibbs, Jr. J. Gus Liebenow Stanford University Indiana University Bai T. Moore Ministry of Information, Cultural Affairs & Tourism Republic of Liberia Published at the Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware James E. Williams Business Manager PDFb compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor CONTENTS page THE LIBERIAN ECONOMY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: THE STATE OF AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE, by M. B. Akpan 1 THE RISE AND DECLINE OF KRU POWER: FERNANDO PO IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, by Ibrahim K.