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2009 US Commercial Space Transportation Federal Aviation Administration 2009 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments and Concepts: Vehicles, Technologies, and Spaceports January 2009 HQ-09744.INDD 2009 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments & Concepts • About FAA/AST About the Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA/AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 49 United States Code, Subtitle IX, Chapter 701 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA/AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA/AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA/AST’s web site at http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/. NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. • i • Federal Aviation Administration / Commercial Space Transportation • ii • 2009 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments & Concepts • Contents Table of Contents Introduction . .1 Space competitionS . 1 expendable launch Vehicle induStry . 2 reuSable launch Vehicle induStry . 2 reentry VehicleS and in-Space technology . 3 enabling technologieS . 3 commercial human Spaceflight training . 3 SpaceportS . 4 regulatory . 4 Significant 2008 Events. .5 Space Competitions . .9 google lunar x priZe . 9 america’S Space priZe . 9 centennial challengeS . 10 Expendable Launch Vehicles. 13 current expendable launch Vehicle SyStemS . 13 atlas V – united launch alliance . 13 delta ii – united launch alliance . 15 delta iV – united launch alliance . 15 falcon 1 – Space exploration technologies corporation . 15 minotaur i – orbital Sciences corporation . 16 pegasus xl – orbital Sciences corporation . 16 taurus – orbital Sciences corporation . 17 Zenit-3Sl – Sea launch company, llc . 17 elV deVelopment effortS . 18 ATK launch Vehicle – alliant techsystems . 18 athena iii – planetSpace . 19 eagle S-series – e’prime aerospace corporation . 19 falcon 9 – Space exploration technologies corporation . 20 FALCON SlV – lockheed martin michoud operations . 21 nanosat launch Vehicle – garvey Spacecraft corporation . 21 minotaur iV and V – orbital Sciences corporation . 22 Quickreach – airlaunch llc . 23 taurus ii – orbital Sciences corporation . 23 upper Stage – Speedup . 24 naSa exploration launch VehicleS . 24 ares i . 24 ares V . 25 Sounding rocKetS . 26 black brant – bristol aerospace limited . 26 • iii • Federal Aviation Administration / Commercial Space Transportation oriole – dti associates . 26 terrier-orion – dti associates . 27 Spaceloft xl – up aerospace, inc . 27 Reusable Launch Vehicles. 29 commercial rlV deVelopment effortS . 29 tiger & cardinal – acuity technologies . 29 QUAD & mod-1 – armadillo aerospace . 29 new Shepard – blue origin . 30 Sea Star – interorbital Systems . 31 neptune – interorbital Systems . 32 xa-1 .0 – masten Space Systems . 33 Silver dart – planetSpace . 33 rocketplane xp – rocketplane global . 34 SpaceShiptwo – the SpaceShip company . 34 dream chaser – Spacedev . 35 Skyhopper™ – SPACE ACCESS®, llc . 36 laramie rose – Speedup . 36 m .i .c .h .e .l .l.e.-b – tgV rockets, inc . 37 ignignokt – trueZer0 . 37 burning Splinter – unreasonable rocket . 38 lynx – xcor aerospace . 38 goVernment rlV deVelopment effortS . 39 Space Shuttle . 39 fully-reusable access to Space technology program . 39 Reentry Vehicles and In-Space Technologies . 41 orion crew exploration Vehicle . 41 international Space Station crew and cargo tranSport . 43 dragon – Spacex . 44 taurus ii/cygnus – orbital Sciences corporation . 45 other commercial crew and cargo transport concepts . 45 x-37b orbital teSt Vehicle . 46 commercial orbital habitat deVelopment . 46 Enabling Technologies. .49 friction Stir welding – Space exploration technologieS corporation . 49 compoSite tanKS – microcoSm, inc . 49 high performance preSSuriZation SyStem (hppS) – microcoSm, inc . 50 VaSimr engine – ad aStra rocKet co . 50 Solid rocKet motorS - alliant techSyStemS, inc . 51 liQuid engineS – airlaunch llc . 51 liQuid rocKet engineS and aSSociated technologieS – garVey Spacecraft corporation . 52 • iv • 2009 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments & Concepts • Contents liQuid rocKet engineS – northrop grumman corporation . 52 liQuid rocKet engineS – pratt & whitney rocKetdyne, inc . 53 liQuid rocKet engineS – Space exploration technologieS corporation . 53 ablatiVe engineS – microcoSm, inc . 54 liQuid rcS thruSter – Space exploration technologieS corporation . 55 launch abort SyStem – orbital ScienceS corporation . 55 Scramjet propulSion – pratt & whitney rocKetdyne, inc . 56 air launch method – airlaunch llc . 56 Stage recoVery SyStem – alliant techSyStemS, inc . & united Space alliance, llc . 57 Spaceports . .59 non-federal SpaceportS . 60 blue origin launch Site . 60 california Spaceport . 60 Kodiak launch complex . 61 mid-atlantic regional Spaceport . 62 mojave air and Space port . 63 oklahoma Spaceport . 64 Spaceport america . 65 federal SpaceportS . 65 cape canaveral air force Station . 66 edwards air force base . 66 Kennedy Space center . 67 reagan test Site . 68 Vandenberg air force base . 69 wallops flight facility . 70 white Sands missile range . 71 propoSed SpaceportS . 72 cape canaveral Spaceport . 72 cecil field . 74 chugwater Spaceport . 75 South texas Spaceport . 75 Spaceport alabama . 76 Spaceport Sheboygan . ..
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