DOCSLIB.ORG

From Tomóchic to Las Jornadas Villistas: Literary and Cultural Regionalism in Northern Mexico

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
From Tomóchic to Las Jornadas Villistas: Literary and Cultural Regionalism in Northern Mexico From Tomóchic to Las Jornadas Villistas: Literary and Cultural Regionalism in Northern Mexico by Anne M. McGee A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Romance Languages and Literatures: Spanish) in The University of Michigan 2008 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Gareth Williams, Chair Associate Professor Cristina Moreiras-Menor Associate Professor Gustavo Verdesio Assistant Professor Lawrence M. La Fountain-Stokes ____________________________© Anne M. McGee____________________________ All rights reserved 2008 Dedication To my first friend, teacher, and confidant, Patricia Ann McGee, otherwise known as, Mom. ii Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my advisor and mentor Gareth Williams who has guided me throughout my graduate career. Without his advice, understanding, and suggestions, I may have never realized this project to completion. It was he who introduced me to the work of Nellie Campobello, and who filled my first summer reading list with numerous texts on Pancho Villa and the Mexican Revolution. I appreciate Gareth for always being frank, and pushing me to improve my work. I have always counted on and appreciated his direct and honest critique. In addition, I would like to express my gratitude to the other members of my committee. Cristina Moreiras-Menor has been both my professor and friend from my very first year in graduate school. She has patiently listened to my ideas, and helped me immensely. I will also never forget my first course, “Rethinking Indigeneities” with Gustavo Verdesio. Whether in class or over a cup of coffee (or other beverage), Gustavo has always been ready and willing to participate in the type of lively discussions that have shaped my work at the University of Michigan. Although I met Lawrence (Larry) La Fountain-Stokes in my final years of candidacy, I appreciate his enthusiasm and willingness to contribute to my doctoral work. I would also like to express my appreciation to everyone in the Department of Romance Languages & Literatures. Our wonderful staff keeps everything running smoothly. I have no idea how they do it. I have also been lucky to work with a number of dedicated and talented educators. Thank you to all the course coordinators, lecturers, and GSIs that make the department the place that it is. In addition, I would like to express my gratitude to my fellow graduate students, especially the members of my cohort, whose insights and opinions have greatly enhanced my understanding of the world. I owe a special debt to my classmate Iris Key for always listening and providing kind words of support. I must also remember the Spanish language faculty at Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo who initially inspired me to pursue my PhD. During my repeated visits to Mexico, I also benefited greatly from the wisdom and hospitality of the Nevárez Saucedo family in Durango. There will always be a place in my heart for Mica, Paty, Hector, and Lupita. Finally, I would like to thank the Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies at the University of Michigan for providing me with the institutional and financial support that allowed me to complete this project. In 2006, I received a Humanities Research Fellowship from Rackham that allowed me to conduct research in both Ann Arbor and Mexico. The final chapter of my dissertation would not have been possible without the summer research funds administered by the department, and provided by the graduate school. Ultimately, I was able to finish the writing process thanks to a One-Term Dissertation Fellowship from Rackham. iii Table of Contents Dedication ..................................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements...................................................................................................................................... iii Introduction...................................................................................................................................................1 Chapter One Tomóchic: Regional Rebellion, National Novel ...............................................................13 Historical Context.....................................................................................................................................13 Transitional Text or Meaningfully Ambivalent Work? ............................................................................18 Fanatical Indians or Angry Mestizos?.......................................................................................................31 Foundational Fiction or Foundational Disarticulation? ............................................................................47 The National Project: Support or Disillusionment?..................................................................................58 Conclusions ..............................................................................................................................................71 Chapter Two Cartucho: A Regional Inversion of National Myth ........................................................73 Historical Context—From Tomóchic to Cartucho ...................................................................................73 Ignored text or suppressed threat? ............................................................................................................84 Una novela de la Revolución or its regional inversion? ...........................................................................90 An Inverted View of Revolution or Civil War?......................................................................................114 Una niña de la Revolución or A Regional Foundational Fiction?..........................................................135 Conclusiones...........................................................................................................................................160 Chapter Three Pancho Villa & Las Jornadas Villistas: Body Politics, Performance, and Regional Identity .......................................................................................................................................................164 Historical Context—From Cartucho to Las Jornadas Villistas..............................................................164 Pancho Villa and Body Politics: Chihuahua, Parral, or Mexico City? ...................................................195 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................249 Appendix of Figures..................................................................................................................................252 Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................275 iv Introduction On the morning of January 1, 1994, just as the North American Free Trade Agreement took effect (NAFTA) and it appeared that the hegemonic Mexican state had finally realized its goal of national unification and stability, the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN) seized control of the city of San Cristobál de las Casas, violently drawing both national and international attention to the state of affairs in southern Mexico. By naming their movement after General Emiliano Zapata, and thus evoking the image, myth, and memory of this fallen revolutionary leader, the EZLN linked its supposedly national cause to a historically regional struggle that was fundamentally based on land reform and local autonomy. Although Zapata was eventually appropriated as a national hero, during his lifetime his followers predominantly came from rural southern communities where Zapatismo claimed its greatest victories.1 In this respect, the modern zapatista movement is also inherently regional in nature. Yet, much like the 1968 student movement which resulted in the infamous Tlatelolco massacre, the 1994 zapatista uprising revealed many of the persistent inconsistencies and unresolved contradictions in the Mexican national project at a critical moment in the country’s development. In this way, a geographically limited or regional occurrence greatly affected the nation and exposed the limitations of the 1 It is important to note that although an equestrian statue was erected in his honor in Mexico City, Zapata’s remains were never relocated to the national revolutionary monument in the nation’s capital like those of his fellow revolutionary generals from other parts of the country. While I discuss this case in more detail in chapter three, ultimately neither Zapata’s family nor his faithful followers in his home state of Morelos would consent to the removal of his bones from his home territory. Regardless of the central state’s claims, he remained a highly regional figure. 1 central state’s control. By appropriating Zapata’s regional legacy for it own use, the EZLN seemed to respond to the claim that the promise of the Mexican Revolution had never been realized, both in the South, and the nation as a whole. Although it ultimately failed to spark a more widespread rebellion, the emergence of the EZLN demonstrated the revolutionary potential of relatively marginal and/or regional populations. Just as Mexico prepared to enter a new century characterized by increased globalization,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Luis Terrazas Lord and Master of Chihuahua
    Luis Terrazas Lord and Master of Chihuahua Jaime Abundis Canales-'(- plagued cowboys, peons, indigenous, foremen and own­ ers. Today, the big old house is empty and abandoned, but despite that, it still testifies to the opulence of the past; its triple central arches boast the name of the ha­ cienda and two initials, L.T., the initials of its old owner, Luis Terrazas. While in Mexico City the second presidential term after lndependence was beginning immersed in the crisis of 1829, the state capital saw the birth of the man who would become the lord and master of Chihuahua. Educated in a seminary and the Literary lnstitute, as a very young man, Luis Terrazas would witness the inva­ sion of U .S. troops and the impotence of his fellow Chi­ huahuans, headed up by Ángel Trías, in defending the semi-arid vastness of his state. Attracted to public affairs deep blue skyframes the firstrocky steps of the from 1851 on, he joined the Liberals who unveiled the Sierra Madre Occidental where the Chihuahua Constitution of 1857. When the war of the Reformbroke Ahighland ends, so blue and intense that it makes out, he took up arms and suffered his first defeat at the you inhale deeply in a vain attempt to fill yourself with hands of the Conservatives at Tabalaopa Hacienda, in infinity. Not far from places like La Angostura and its the suburbs of the capital in August 1860. Scant local stone glyphs, Paquimé withits earth architecture, Dublán support forthe conservativeside meant that it did not last with its Mormons, Janos with its presidio and Meno­ in power verylong, leaving the governorship to Terrazas.
    [Show full text]
  • Porfirian Influence on Mexican Journalism: an Enduring Legacy of Economic Control
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1987 Porfirian influence on Mexican journalism: An enduring legacy of economic control Steve Devitt The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Devitt, Steve, "Porfirian influence on Mexican journalism: An enduring legacy of economic control" (1987). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5085. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5085 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 Th is is an unpublished m a nu scr ipt in w hich c o pyr ig ht s u b s is t s . Any further r e p r in t in g of it s contents must be APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. Ma n s f ie l d L ibrary Un iv e r s it y of Montana D a t e :____ 1_ THE PORFIRIAN INFLUENCE ON MEXICAN JOURNALISM: AN ENDURING LEGACY OF ECONOMIC CONTROL by Steve Devitt B.A., Eastern Montana College, 1971 Presented in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Journalism University of Montana 1987 Approved by Graduate School UMI Number: EP40549 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The.
    [Show full text]
  • Nombre RFC Telefono Domicilio Colonia Localidad C. Postal Giro 7-ELEVEN MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V. SEM-980701-STA AV. MUNICH CUAUHTEMO
    Nombre RFC Telefono Domicilio Colonia Localidad C. Postal Giro 7-ELEVEN MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V. SEM-980701-STA AV. MUNICH CUAUHTEMOC SAN NICOLAS DE LA GARZA, 66450 ALIMENTOS Y CONSUMOS NUEVO LEON, MEXICO A&GR CORPORATIVOS DE MEXICO S C ACM-121107-2R8 PASEO NIÑOS HEROES 680 E CENTRO CULIACAN SINALOA MEXICO 80000 IMPRENTA AAE WAREHOUSE AAEWAREHOUSE 520 281 58 71 150 NORTH FREEPORT DRIVE W3 NOGALES, AZ 85621 GENERAL AAS LA PALMA,S.A. DE C.V. APA070606QH3 CARRETERA CAIMANCITO-CULIACAN MANUEL J.CLOUTHIER VILLA A. FLORES 80349 GENERAL NUM.363 ABARROTERA DEL DUERO, S.A. DE C.V. ADU800131T10 BENITO JUAREZ CENTRO NAVOLATO, SINALOA 80320 ARTICULOS DE LIMPIEZA ABC AEROLINEAS S.A. DE C.V. AAE050309FM0 IGNACIO LONGARES PARQUE INDUSTRIAL TOLUCA, EDO DE MEXICO 50200 AGENCIA DE VIAJES EXPORTEC1 ABITIA MARTINEZ RICARDO FAVIO AIMR7907226VA LEONA VICARIO NUM. 219 PUEBLO NUEVO NUM. 1 NAVOLATO, SINALOA. 80370 GENERAL ACADEMIA REGIONAL DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA DEL NOROESTE ARS000201AGA 760-33-92 Y 760-33-99 CARRETERA A NAVOLATO KM.12 S/N LOC AGUARUTO 1 CULIACAN SINALOA MEXICO 80140 GENERAL ACERO SUECO PALME, SA DE CV ASP600721PX5 67 600 400 CARRETERA A NAVOLATO KM 9.5 CULIACAN,SINALOA 80140 GENERAL ACEROS DE CULIACAN, S.A. DE C.V. ACU010118-LC7 CERRET. A NAVOLATO AEROPUERTO CULIACAN GENERAL ACEVES HIGUERA MIGUEL ANGEL AEHM501114792 JUAN JOSE RIOS 280 PTE. ALMADA CULIACAN,SINALOA 80200 GENERAL ACOSTA CHAIDEZ KARLA LETICIA AOCK-760810-MS6 672721-0797 FCO. I. MADERO 636 EJIDAL NAVOLATO, SINALOA 80327 GENERAL ACOSTA GONZALEZ HECTOR AOGH500809TC4 7 16-97-02 MORELOS #187 NTE.
    [Show full text]
  • Aniversario Del Nacimiento De Ignacio Allende
    21 DE ENERO: ANIVERSARIO DEL NACIMIENTO DE IGNACIO ALLENDE México conmemora el 21 de enero el nacimiento de Ignacio Allende, quien, al lado de Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, fue uno de los más destacados caudillos de la primera fase de la Guerra de Independencia de México. Ignacio María Allende y Unzaga nació en 1769 en San Miguel El Grande, Guanajuato (hoy San Miguel de Allende, en su honor). Hijo de familia acomodada, en 1795 ingresó al ejército y fue teniente del Regimiento Provincial de Dragones de la Reina. Su vida en el ejército colonial le permitió conocer y compartir los ideales de libertad e independencia de grupos de liberales. Esa inquietud política lo llevó a participar en 1809 en la conspiración de Valladolid (hoy Morelia), misma que fue descubierta y sus dirigentes detenidos. Allende apenas logró escapar, y posteriormente se adhirió a otra facción conspiradora en Querétaro, dirigida por el corregidor Miguel Domínguez y su esposa, Josefa Ortiz. En el grupo también estaban el cura de Dolores, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Mariano Abasolo y los hermanos Ignacio y Juan Aldama. La conspiración también fue traicionada y descubierta. Allende e Hidalgo pudieron escapar oportunamente. Pero ya descubiertos, Hidalgo propuso lanzarse a la lucha de inmediato, y lo convenció de adelantar la rebelión en el pueblo de Dolores. Así, en la noche del 15 de septiembre de 1810, convocaron al pueblo a tomar las armas. Al frente de un gran contingente de criollos e indígenas, Hidalgo adoptó el estandarte con la Virgen de Guadalupe como insignia de su lucha. Pronto conformaron un ejército insurgente de más de 80,000 hombres, la mayoría campesinos y rancheros.
    [Show full text]
  • Espejo De Caciques: Los Terrazas De Chihuahua
    ESPEJO DE CACIQUES: LOS TERRAZAS DE CHIHUAHUA Harold D. Sims Universidad de Pittsburgh Los primeros a?os de un cacique Luis Terrazas naci? en la ciudad de Chihuahua en 1829, hijo de Juan Jos? Terrazas, prominente miembro del ayuntamien to de esa ciudad, y de Petra Fuentes de Terrazas:1 Ambos eran espa?oles.2 Juan Jos? Terrazas muri? repentinamente en 1849, cuando Luis estaba por terminar sus estudios en el Instituto Literario y quedar disponible para conducir los negocios de la familia. La situaci?n econ?mica de los Terrazas a la muerte de Juan Jos? era la siguiente: 1 Ni el archivo familiar ni los libros de cuentas de las empresas de los Terrazas fueron asequibles para el autor. La "Colecci?n Terrazas" de la Biblioteca Bancroft, de Berkeley, contiene pocas cosas de inter?s con respecto a la principal rama de la familia, la de Luis Terrazas, pues la Colecci?n consiste fundamentalmente de los papeles de un pariente, el publicista Silvestre Terrazas (1873-1944). Hay dos historias b?sicas de Chihuahua y una historia del per?odo en que Ju?rez se refugi? en ese Estado que se ocupan largamente de Luis Terrazas. Las dos prime ras son: Jos? Ma. Ponce de Le?n. Resumen de la historia pol?tica de Chihuahua desde la ?poca colonial hasta 1921. Chihuahua, 1922, y Enrique Gonz?lez Flores: Chihuahua de la Independencia a la Re voluci?n. M?xico, 1949. La obra que se ocupa del gobierno de Ju?rez en el exilio es Jos? Fuentes Mares: Y M?xico se refugi? en el desier to.
    [Show full text]
  • Subjectivity and Structures of Ideological Domination in Late Twentieth-Century Argentinean Cultural Production
    The Uncanny Laughs Once Again: Subjectivity and Structures of Ideological Domination in Late Twentieth-Century Argentinean Cultural Production by María Ofelia Ros A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Romance Language and Literature, Spanish) in the University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Assistant Professor Katharine Miller Jenckes, Chair Associate Professor Catherine Brown Associate Professor Cristina Moreiras-Menor Associate Professor Gareth Williams © María Ofelia Ros All rights reserved 2010 A mi abuelo por su política. A mi abuela por su economía. A mi madre por su psicoanálisis. A Ana, mi compañera entre tantos fuegos cruzados. ii AGRADECIMIENTOS En este cierre hay miles de cosas que no cierran, que no quieren cerrar, que no cesan de retornar, desafiantes, irresistibles, incomprensibles, burlándose de este punto final. En los párrafos siguientes quiero expresar mi agradecimiento a todos los que me acompañaron en estos seis años de escuela graduada; les agradezco con estas palabras que no hace más que bordear lo que significaron para mi. A la Universidad de Michigan, y en particular al Departamento de Romance Languages and Literatures que me brindó el tiempo y el espacio para llevar adelante este proyecto. Agradezco la concesión de las becas, la Rackham Humanities Research Fellowship y la One Term Dissertation Fellowship, que facilitaron el proceso de escritura; también el Rackham International Research Award y la International Institute Individual Fellowship que hicieron posible mi encuentro con la escena cultural de la poscrisis en el Cono Sur. A Kate Jenckes, mi directora de tesis, por la libertad para perderme, para confundirme, y por leer páginas y páginas de un discurso obstinado, encontrando algo que valía la pena rescatar, algo en lo que valía la pena detenerse y seguir pensando; por su inteligencia, su exigencia, su afecto y su apoyo en momentos donde nada parecía tener sentido.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 of 43 IB HL History Mr. Blackmon Mexican Revolution: The
    IB HL History Mr. Blackmon Mexican Revolution: The Constructive Phase 1920-40 A Brief Sketch All quotes are from Meyer, Michael C. and Sherman, William L. The Course of Mexican History. 4th Ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. unless otherwise stated Event Date Significance Presidency of 1920-1924 His administration faced the post World War I depression. Alvaro Obregón Mexico was the 3rd largest producer of petroleum in the world. This will certainly not reduce US interest Obregón: José Vasconcelos institutes a vigorous program of rural education. His purpose (at this time) Education was to integrate the Indians into mainstream mestizo society, to incorporate them into a raza cósmica. (Meyer 572-3) Vasconcelos and Vasconcelos employed the Muralists– Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro the Muralists Siqueiros– to decorate buildings with works that would also educate. Obregón: Obregón could not enforce the complete secularization of education because he lacked the Education resources to dispense with the Church. To prevent himself from being perceived as pro-Church, he encouraged Protestant missionaries to enter the country. Page 1 of 43 Event Date Significance Obregón: Labor Obregón favored CROM over any other union organization. Morones chose to moderate his positions rather than risk being crushed. Membership rose from 50,000 in 1920 to 1,200,000 in 1924. (Meyer 575) Obregón: Obregón is cautious. He did not wish to disrupt the hacienda system. Redistribution of the land Agrarian Reform would result in reduced productivity, and he also wished to avoid that. Land redistribution is very modest: 3,000,000 acres.
    [Show full text]
  • Tom Mahoney Research Materials on Pancho Villa and the Mexican Revolution, 1890-1981
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c81g0rs2 No online items Finding Aid for the Tom Mahoney research materials on Pancho Villa and the Mexican Revolution, 1890-1981 Beth Ann Guynn Finding Aid for the Tom Mahoney 2001.M.20 1 research materials on Pancho Villa and the Mexican Revolut... Descriptive Summary Title: Tom Mahoney research materials on Pancho Villa and the Mexican Revolution Date (inclusive): 1890-1981 Number: 2001.M.20 Creator/Collector: Mahoney, Tom Physical Description: 6.74 Linear Feet(8 boxes) Repository: The Getty Research Institute Special Collections 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles 90049-1688 [email protected] URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10020/askref (310) 440-7390 Abstract: The Tom Mahoney Research Materials on Pancho Villa and the Mexican Revolution comprises materials related to an unpublished book by Mahoney with the working title "P-a-n-c-h-o V-i-l-l-a: Bandit...Rebel...Patriot...Satyr," which he began working on in the late 1920s. Included is a partial typescript for the book and a paste-up of photographic illustrations. Research materials include hand- or type-written notes and transcriptions; extensive files of clippings from revolution-era and post-revolution Mexican and American newspapers; related manuscripts and publications and research-related correspondence. Also included are research files on topics of interest to Mahoney, many of which relate to his book and magazine publications, such as The Great Merchants and The Story of Jewelry. Request Materials: Request access to the physical materials described in this inventory through the catalog record for this collection.
    [Show full text]
  • Calle Chorro #39 San Miguel De Allende, Guanajuato 37700 52.415.152.1838 / 646.201.5334
    Calle Chorro #39 CasaSan Miguel de Allende,Chorro Guanajuato 37700 52.415.152.1838 / 646.201.5334 Table of Contents Brief History of San Miguel de Allende ................................................................. 3 Casa Dragones: The Tequila of San Miguel .........................................................7 Staff ..............................................................................................................................11 House Policies ........................................................................................................... 15 Telephone/Internet ....................................................................................................19 Medical .....................................................................................................................23 Resources ................................................................................................................. 27 Dining In .................................................................................................................. 33 Dining Out ................................................................................................................39 Brief History of San Miguel de Allende 2 3 Father Juan de San Miguel, a Franciscan missionary who was born in Spain, On March 8, 1826, the Guanajuato state government honored Allende’s heroism by founded San Miguel de Allende in 1542. The original settlement of San Miguel renaming San Miguel El Grande to San Miguel de Allende. In 1926, it was
    [Show full text]
  • The Migration Industry and New Destinations of Mexican Migration
    California Center for Population Research On-Line Working Paper Series Draft: Do not cite or copy without author’s permission. The Migration Industry in the Mexico-U.S. Migratory System Rubén Hernández-León University of California, Los Angeles Acknowledgements: For comments on this and previous drafts, the author thanks Roger Waldinger, Ivan Light, William Roy, Greta Krippner and Fernando Lozano. The author also thanks Alisa Garni, Verónica Terríquez and David Cook for their research assistance during various stages of this study. This research was supported by a 2003-2004 UCLA Faculty Senate Grant. Draft: Do not cite or copy without author’s permission. The Migration Industry in the Mexico-U.S. Migratory System Abstract This article proposes the concept of the migration industry as the ensemble of entrepreneurs, businesses and services which, motivated by the pursuit of financial gain, facilitate and sustain international migration. Although long present and woven into the human mobility literature, the migration industry has remained largely under theorized, excluded from any major research efforts and reduced to its illegal and informal dimensions. This article offers a comprehensive conceptualization of the migration industry, including legal, illegal, formal and informal activities, and their interaction and articulation with relevant actors and structures of the social process of international migration, namely, states, migrants and their networks, and advocacy organizations. As a distinct component of the social process of international migration, the content, dynamics and bounds of the migration industry depend on state immigration policies, the size, composition and geography of population flows and the modes of incorporation of immigrants. The concept is applied to the study of the Mexico-U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • El Subversivo: Una Aproximacion Interseccional a Las Identidades
    El subversivo: una aproximación interseccional a las identidades representadas en ‘Novelas de la Violencia’ escritas por mujeres A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures of the College of Arts and Sciences by Juan Camilo Galeano Sánchez M.A. Universidad Eafit December 2011 Committee Chair: Patricia Valladares-Ruiz, Ph.D. Abstract “The Male Outlaw: An Intersectional Approach to Identities in ‘Novelas de La Violencia’ Written by Women” establishes a dialogue between matters of gender, class, race, and national identity in the novels: Jacinta y la Violencia (1967) by Soraya Juncal, Cola de Zorro (1970) by Fanny Buitrago, Triquitraques del Trópico (1972) by Flor Romero, and Estaba la Pájara Pinta Sentada en el Verde Limón (1975), by Albalucía Ángel. All these novels deal with a particularly acute period in Colombia’s war, La Violencia (1946-1958), during which the radicalization of bipartisanship, the politicization of the police force, and the repression of any ideology close to Socialism, originated resistance groups as well as a massive manslaughter whose numbers are yet to be determined. My hypothesis is that, even though these authors do not represent the male outlaw as a hero, they construct the character as a counter-hegemonic individual that is able not only to put into question every monolithic identity constructed under the shadow of patriarchy, but also to build new identities that challenge the previous ones. To demonstrate it, I have divided my dissertation in five chapters.
    [Show full text]
  • Teléfonos Rojos Instalados En Aga
    Administración General de Evaluación Administración Central de Coordinación Evaluatoria TELÉFONOS ROJOS INSTALADOS EN AGA Ciudad de México, a 26 de marzo de 2019 No. Unidad Administrativa DOMICILIO Aduana de Tijuana. Cruce Fronterizo Garita de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz s/n, 1 Otay. Plataforma de Reconocimiento Aduanero Fraccionamiento Garita de Otay, C.P. en Exportación, Tijuana, Baja California 22430, Tijuana, Baja California. Aduana de Tijuana. Cruce Fronterizo Garita de Línea Internacional s/n, Cruce 2 Otay. Revisión Peatonal de Pasajeros, Tijuana, Internacional Mesa De Otay, C.P. 22430, Baja California Tijuana, Baja California (Cruce Peatonal). Aduana de Tijuana. Cruce Fronterizo Garita de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz s/n, Fracc. 3 Otay. Edificio Predespacho, Tijuana, Baja Garita de Otay, C.P. 22509, Tijuana, Baja California California (Edificio Pre-Despacho). Carretera Al Aeropuerto s/n, Colonia Nueva Tijuana, Boulevard Cuauhtémoc y Aduana de Tijuana. Aeropuerto Internacional 42 Lázaro Cárdenas, C.P. 22435, Tijuana, Abelardo L. Rodríguez, Tijuana, Baja California Baja California (Sala Nacional de Pasajeros). Calle José María Larroque s/n, entre Aduana de Tijuana. Cruce Fronterizo Puerta Francisco Cuevas y Canalización Río 5 México-El Chaparral. Recepción, Tijuana, Baja Tijuana, Col. Federal, C.P. 22430, Tijuana. California Baja California. Calle José María Larroque s/n, entre Aduana de Tijuana. Cruce Fronterizo Puerta Francisco Cuevas y Canalización Río 6 México-El Chaparral. Autodeclaración, Tijuana, Tijuana, Col. Federal, C.P. 22430, Tijuana. Baja California Baja California. Calle José María Larroque s/n, entre Aduana de Tijuana. Cruce Fronterizo Puerta Francisco Cuevas y Canalización Río 7 México-El Chaparral. Salida de Revisión de Tijuana, Col.
    [Show full text]