Sea of Okhohli; ' . .-'., " • • J ', r,' (. l.-1 i, ' .. .· .,._ _,, _, ( J /. n is an island extending in a curve along the eastern coast of ttieAsianconti- \ P • _ '; ) I _ . · ,. .\ ::. It consists of four big islands. (Hokksid6. Honshu, Shikoku}:,, .. , ·,.'iii· ' ,:.:.·.-, . ' ··-:::.-, Kyo·sho). and ,:, \ �- !·; ·' , ... - j -'/ .,) -') ,st 7,000 islands altogether. Its land area is �bout the same as that of Ger­ C'-J c l (357 ,000km'). .,.... .__ I ( __.;,/ O pporo __ (jt;!jii; *ffl \ ·· •S., Hokkaido (,,.). �-�. .P· ._, � ':idel>OJ,l!;!ji,elc;B:, t"3G:\Q,1,J/J'B*co IJlcOJUti, 4 ::,O):i;:frtJ:!ij . l!!l . Lffi) c:;i;:1J17.000i!r1,1£'7b'Sr&IJ:rz:,tl,\aeoo 't-OJi!iil/ila: l-'-{'Y··(357.000km').'- cl� a (,,_ ,/ '--. ...._.... ) -...... '\' . HOKKAIDO ;1.:/a:Oaeoo ... (.J r-:>/' � ( 1ocralic ~ Jle's i✓ '\;j�) / I '\ ,blic or' orea I Aomori\ f I· Aomoci JAi, ita II I A ublic Sea of I orea a a . .,. , . : ! .r I T()H( ll,U Y m gatJ. ------1 . I )-. a ' .,; :If!11 ' '.'I,:·;. . · : :. ' •, ' .;;" ' {!; Yamc1g�I<: Miy gi Nngillcl F . • Se acl }" .(· ' c? : ' · , . . : '!yama t"... · r d· : ;-",~ .. ::. - ,-:::::, Toy�ama I '¼ - ' .. ' ukushiona I---:'"1 a � D ••, Fuk,yua•s__ h 'im· ; , gala', � , • ~ •~• ~ • • , I .•I I shik• awa " /.ii i( _ ,- .. M eb i �. . I • ·· , · � ii. , o • '' , · . ·' · ". , c ao,_. .. : u ·, -'. '. , G < • · t· , CHU ,ott , , 1 I. . raw on,· ·,.. nawa·-, , ··,··· 0;1· ·; · ' N lsun .•: .• •·, .. g uk °a1n o ,1shi Ml , _ ogo1F "-! _,. c1 ·; <1 '" .J , ·•; ,Hy ', I ,· -- " ,,, , • U • •· . ·, .. U1 uk. . o/. ••M' --lb raki OK \. • J c"• -1 . · a . Kyoto F ,,,. 1· . \ . :; 1. J... - � ,,,, .. I.. . � ,1 f' -;{,- - I - , \ _. t,-,�1f ?, '. Gummn' ·-- "' £l_ " ' \ c if__u ) , • - r,-r,k\ �-); ch , - """ · ...... ·· • , , Kolu y -�1 ma , S=a• ·-•'"''···.. '··· s ·-.!· .. -•. - , .. : , Jsk > . Saita � , SHU S l \··�ok "- ./ . ii , KYU ' • V/--···· a a ni y.n lo h,fJi ' • · � : V i' -' . y � K lo ' :·, . "-- amagu' ch · - '10kay a,,,; '-K6be • ."�- o• va! Yamanasl •--�• -•:. . ; \ · Tiik F a & , ' ,'\ n k l uo I< /"'" �ma-f?.UChi", - - · [ �:, / t\, _. , \' ,""''" ,:" "'.? ,e •1\ '.i ,, anaga a '!. -" 'a� J h o f( 7QJ " sa .. .1\ � ,_ S a . �!g{<' kusi;( . -{ i' zuok ) ,)f jM,.• �Y,•m•··'\ p ' · a / 1'1 >. 8:,/ :ll' B;,:laei'IJJtl.:O)[Jcl \l,tcl!J. l�J;ti.:J;J C:,<(jlj,IJ<:5b'l\,sg O acre. "'1i/illil0)�:!!l/t'B;,:;lijjj!j/:;!;: ti';i\ii;l,il.l;.i:1J•sruias/Ji'70)�,;,; "" L,n '*oo 'l'ili!!'ll:clae. fHJ:::> rcl<\/1,.1.:taet> aso"

· :¥ _.,.... .:�·h· :�,,"t'fal"��•-...;i:t,�·� =. The climate in Hokkaido Jt,!iJiliO)"'{lie ,Spring . · �- ' �: -!••�-�"'•!.":11-1;!;"1?.J.:.Y-.a:'M.'l'."" • � _. '-••�•;_-:.;::·•:���1t�,�1,.,;·�•5 '.'\C,.\,•,,�-.� l•�•,.>• • ·,t · 1·sumni"et,�Rftg:"£. IllSeverely cold in winter, cool in summer. §-IJ:;t{C1J'ffiG<. �ra:�Ir!Gt,,o Afiiir'tfiefirst 51orm of spring, the tempera­ The rainy season comes to a close, the hot The climate on the Japan sea coastal area 8;,:;liiffliJOJ"'!lie ture'rises and beautiful flowers bloom. April weather arrives, and people flock to the ll!lillHeavy snow in winter. 'lflalc!l:IJ''!!>l'" 1 i� the beginning of the academic and busi­ mountains or the beaches. Summer in Japan ne year. _�_ is very humid and hot. The climate on the pacific ocean side ;!;:IJ'>¥il!U!-'cl!lICHi/J'li ( !151/J. l)1l,l \1EIJ'D* lfijffiilJ'BJll1. ;,:11ltr-Jli;W,1: tJiijJ Cold in winter but not much snow. 'lflae.;L\/J<. �b''.!>tacl'" Many clear days and not too cold in winter. §-tJ:lfi'iX/J;g,(. �CIJ'iiiG<.L _Tsuy� . 'lflae.;llb'. J;i:laJ;iJel,l\. (<1'�/:!;lilimMl) _: �tfJ. . ! ffi'1lMild through the year without much rain (Inland Sea climate). I : • ,• -IJ'1%l. SPRING SUMMER �·- The climate in the southwest island\ i>ii!!iaila

�..x_-.:., #'), . � ' - ®� Winter seasonal wind � t-, ! ! '!f

w � � :·Wirlte·r ;•: �·,,F '�· 'f:i_ :. :__ ��:;r;��;;;'ll,:ifli1 ·':AUftirriii.-�·:.f.k-;; rr-�';:, :. :::��-?/::·Yti�:rt. .: ,, '- ':'" - -.• lt'is Cold in winter, and snows in many re­ Typhoons com·e periodically, but fall is a gicirl.s in Japan. In areas without snow, a beautiful season with autumnal-colored piercing cold wind blows. leaves. People enjoy local autumn festivals sif!�11t¥<. !1:ceaeVIJ'. ;;l;,;,O)HilllJ'll1L,<. !::"( ,:?: t §Jl!!t"�IJ IJ'fibn, filWf�!C:/HIJ'!:tQAt.l�l, ,� �-- �l f / .,' i{7J"'c1 ., Summer seasonal wind . /(' .?. • l1 w;o•i'��;.v;,.�1s:• -' -,r��:��':<.;¾;:?,�;j;>,�'"' i &':�.;�;;.t,'';;'.)·:."J/.tlL.;,. �-G�¾imrr•���iJ.�.11 if�1¥rl'.!�l1R&�:·:���'.��:t[��:�;M11r1· t�;•.1:¥.t0t?�jjl�t�.ff(?-F:%';·)·J�X> {f'.;,:;:,,:�;��·-;:�\: f}?�'!f-.::t' _-�:flf,�}���t"A?��:··Y··;/fj'J.. ;:::·�t:-;'.-. 'J:F • X'};fhlp�pulation of Japan is 126,686,324, · · the ninth largest in the world. Onlyever, 30% of the Japanese populace actually believe in a religious creed. How­ '.::}Nearly half is concentrated around the T6ky6 , Nagoya and Osaka religiou.s observances,bon such as visiting shrines on New Year's Daythe and visiting \(: ITletropolitan areas. (Management and Coordination Agency, 1999) ancestors' graves during holidays, have been incorporated into ordinary o :~ -~\ ':···.:(EJ:i:OJJ..□la:. . 126.686.324)..ct!!l'l9lucs lalll(l!!. '1\iSml\lil. ;k1,\;(l!!0)3;kl!Bf customs and practices of their lives . o Japan 1 . ·:m1;:B:if;:0)}..00)'/'5Hi(1J.,, . t}i~~i ., {� ,f' .:iO)J!tO),:Sl/il{;'l�11Lh,7.:L,�9.. i::c:) OJic/;/J/;:\J!,);'IJ{;' L.,icc:, IJ 1¥-�l'r-Jfi\l'!IJ'B;l/lOJ;t;;/jo;q,1;:l!!l!i'lc:l,"C ·:·· '.. :t. � � � --,:,.;{:-.-_ ··.;·~--. ,,, . ' :J$ :f � BUODHJSM•,'f:}�t·•,�:i::-��!·: i�a�;� �;:lL�/};{L;}f\':t'(':'\ 5:''':•·"t', ' · �i._iii·:•I!f,[f;'.'.�B\E£�tlfJi\�illf:::ll'/1 n _ ii i1/ >ur- .< l2�1'(,llJ11.i¥b;i<":';Hl,OJ:tlt!!f;:cntcl:tOJAIJ'IDv1:L°\<>/J'O)i!>J;<>;f:: .,.:,.i:.,,.,.,b,._.;,,,""i�,. •;---;( •==--·-�'"-·�--·•···,_ .. , ... ,.. .. ··'··- ·· "· ·· · ··�· , . erson A Korea People pray at the foot of deities (legendary figures, � ���� '½- /km•) 1 �r--1 /:•~,, � ·•1 ii. • _.' statues of the Buddha and Bud- or outstanding people) are ··:·•.. ft. · ·.·•Ji· . • /.'":'.·:. . +~L :; Vtj � LMl J{_;. J(· dh1st saints Funerals are often Bud- worshippedkamidana, at shrines . Peo- ~-f~:,. ,''iaJan _ 338 China_ 131 �n 1a 295 ,,.-;fl; A, ... ~;:~:\ dhist, and other Buddhist rituals have pie have personal altars in t.: .....· -. 1 ct· _ Yt : Botc-339A ttt 'l'[l)l31A ,(:,l'-295.A. ½ : become a part of Japanese life. ,, " their homes as well. fB w 0Ot \:\\'§,,,, •\: . . • _._:'A �.••·�'!jr �t: 'Pllil. Wl!\'.{;'iillG-CB:,fs:l;:A:,(J,.!:, ci!iciMBOJW� T'>,i�• §?&1$ (�f.>WOJ1$) t->.A.r.�1$ (;;i.Sl.'k /)·1,,/'\,I IJ U.S.A. - 29 Indonesia - 107 Brazil_ 19 . O o o 1 i h /, ;;i.C::o lld�f.>i'!ii>lJ.l{;'SIJ'Jia'o iH/!TJc :,l;J'.TJJ) {;'1$1±1;:!I(IJ ales l\'<1Hcia:1$fflll0) ?)( J-1J-29A -t:--i-;+:.. ?-l07A :t5::JJl,-19A c.' i>l · o . B,t;:J.OJ;t;,1s1;:%!1:1c:1,,n ,;:,;,mes i157clli<1"§ < Ji/J'l:tae so l\:!Ii~:,' (United Nations l.ilill! -CHRISTIANJTY,:.::-:--.��A'{:�:f,.•-;,·;1;,1,-�l,�� @§M\ii\fuiffij:@,t4@�fir,\}'$� :11;::­ ~-::.·-·1!'1_·.•"'jl"'ij"l")"!.. ••j!""i"tl!'•"h•,,- ....;"'!4-~"'j .-,. (Unit person A) '~ I~ ",, ;, ....� ···oJ!.�.iWE!.i§j"'�ft!�i.'.;''.�:;:l!:Z�½:':.:;::1;'::J)Zt';�:i£'.�.f:�3!:':/�;li �t��:,.. BuddhtSni:\\Sf\.(r_\t9ism :,,:�;'l/• .:;,, This doctrine was first intro­ ,;;,\·f,,tuDW: ·o�RtJ)-),. ,{(,-,,.;.• ... ' _:i1-·'•::1<•i1'}p;'� )f.0((, !•· ,Jhe·average life span and the number of the elderly (17% over 65) is increasirig''ifl duced by Francis Xavier. It . '/�cc�rdingly. The population as a whole is aging. '::11�� I exerted considerable influ­ i,.''.;",!.••. .. .,.,, ,,•t r.:��.l!jt,;' .. ,...... ("l'�ll,1"',l;O)!l"'-"{~ Vl(:- t.%~~K~iW'<:.=:',."'-l.;:.-::r,-,,,.,.�µ4..-.:..�.c..:.,,�.,.2$!!~-···-�•--"·C°,~~~~ .~ii~ .. �-Ji ��tt(N_�-��tatgf()Z.'qC ti-)i!Ei:£/ � f�J'tiM-i.,.,.�'ftij:;;,\ti�r1.f¼fo��',:;!:ff' ��'13i ?:1<�'>..�•'" es -- , in the Meiji era. �W.i J1��!i!1!1f�_#l1t@ti fJi!t!fi�rtt�i.�i!:;r · r:1� · \\, = " ·-~c;m::~'.~:~41~ :f-lJ:7.Christianity t--¥: ��Wother!W: ffO)f�i) religions 7.5 2.1 77.16 84.01, tft:IJl,lcJ::,cmx S-11. BJlj/Jll!llcl;i:81:0) 1,761,907 11,019,357 Cultural 1998) (Ministry 19�$1100!� i!iltlt. i!!i,'!'.lt. 1c,O)O)a;l;;i.15lc:k\!TJ!ili!1ll{;' of Health, labour and Welfare (Agency of Affairs :SZftfr

�BOJS:S:OJ!a 179 r \,_. . ,-•r ,,,,.,'" ._,...... �: ..... ,,. - _,.__ - ' '"..t""' ., ,.., 'ir "t "�i'i'J:'''l:: • -� �/ ;\ \·!-;,iapanese;ureen� Tea_z•�B7$__$;;�m('..'--'.#Jf•.i,�;���·;,'.-:::}_!.!f-:.-.:�,.,?'J,¥f1-� � • . _, - de ...,. .��••""" ,�, ...... 1�,...,.. mz -� � �l�:�'.41 ,, ,�, , ,.,..,.r�h"e,·.,:. . ,_. ,.,,.,..J;�..:�,',·':,.. , ,,{', Green tea is made from steamed young tea leaves. Teas differ according to processing.

S�O)*O)Effl1 Matcha • i:.;;; with a yard, consequently, many people live in high-rise apartment buildings. Steamed and dried tea leaves. The most com- New green ·tea leaves are pounded into green tea is sencha. powder. Used in the tea ceremony. ±ll!JMNsnr.:13,j;cl.J:. ll,jJlO)J;clp/i-\'>fil!'flJtJp}i/.J:fH,IJ'l£UlL, C::c\;Jcg O :scetJ/l1::>eO);J<'a;j!j ;;;o:,mlCcf]';!;:;ll'ftL,<. /ili/iilO)?YV/(- 3Yf.>7' H�(tV,.\.MH, lc'o. ;w..0:>l!liilli• Made of hard leaves and stalks after the Made not from tea leaves but from roast- young, soft leaves have been picked for sen­ ed barley or rye. Served cold in summer. {SihQl��F,8'rijilY/HQ�SesC�:�s::�t!J1Jt\;}:(�f����g-f����f/${.:;.Jf?'.t;ilf\ff_qf,i{)n:-�;:: /i;'.�: cha. ,,� ii>O)!l!cttl;J:<. :sci/i\'>/Ja'll' il5O)b'1c c c 'ii<-l'>l,b'/JJ\,1 ""C)��1-!CQL.C) t)OJO)CCC9o N!;:, ;fi.\;�L, styles. Houses have ceramic tile roofs of different designs and shapes. .::Tci:::>t,:S�O)LC:Z.:9o z:ttt,1ac1t. 1;1c:A,co:,'ili1J•i-il'lt>:::J:;;:,ci- � cc1Ycil'lo. feB*ll9/J:7-f7<':i!!il!tmio:,5'-r :;10:,1;0:,n•ao!Jac1t. 3emmaicha • Z*� H6jicha • lil'5t.;;;, @l!

'How TO SERVE FRAGRANT TEA g� i6c1u1i6ii',;;;cmJ:s !

(j) 0 '.yUsu(Small tea pot) ,,y Mft (��At1Q1J1�(!)$•;;1--) {H,OiiSi'1if«r6R}PleXEiStf.�$'ft�"I0i�[{¥.�iff;fi1f�;??:f�.\�f;::¥:_trt,��f:ii:J:t�'.?{tl)r:tt·:�Lf, }-'' There are many rental apartments, and public and private housing complexes in certain areas. Condominiums are a ➔ more upscale kind of housing that is 8 very expensive, particularly in the cen­ tral part of the city . fter warming the pot. put well-rounded sp­ Warm the tea cups and pour the tea, alter­ aa©rH-1---r-i. -tt!!�r.::m-&8'.lr;:urcsn onfuls of sencha (2tsp/person) into the pot nating evenly from cup to cup. Drain the pot completely. 1e;,g;,,l'caio:,ell1H,11- <"-'snas.-. , :;,;; 1d pour hot water in. Let steep for a while. 3 :,;t;:t.:c!s1;:,c;tJH'Jmtifi�c. ,tm nm&2 .::.)t.:fM�f.:::A�:5-hl)ttA.,?s. Cl.A., 1J\c!t_:.2) � ;g0'Jr.:�W:.:t1-J��t;:��L, 9'J�Wl.:::i1�, ff1ft:OJ­ C:I�¥.:;-@;: C:) O)tJOJtJ�<. l:BrfH:''lcl:fl!H,Qtl

,,. trn5°. r:,;,e;"' t,1a,-•Jl_i'i7;.'1§1(•]if!Jtl'i'(•�l(•Jir♦1N(c1,_:t!iWl'lll,·o;r•1 �,- _ c- . . ·:Jrt- r ,\1:/2?:! :{J,;tf;,g�t;?.�5!t{�\ ����-t:>'_�@JJ&llg_p��tf�;:;���{}�_�, '., .,:.:,:-._;i!��!{._: �. ·. ,<.".-�:->.�.- :i\L'.'.,,;1�- >4f;_/f;\�[.i,.� ��-�.. ·: 1-�m�:\�ftf:t{'.;::;'.t:�XtEt:r: '.:Wt::h //h · ;;� · Most houses contain a mix of Japanese-style rooms with tatamimats and Western­ ,;:_, traditional Japanese houses, entrance ways are usually sliding doors; contem­ 1>(;, In style rooms with_ hard-wood floors. poraryWestern-style houses have Western-style doors. .~.-.. t-'7'0)* la'c:A,cO)*l.tl'l!lll!i!O)ail/!U:. /'iil&!lll!i!OJ8B!lil!'1"::>l□,¥//isP, 5' /!,1' 1:'9 0 mlJtB"IBi:;J'P) /J'1'/iilil:'1f/J', �Bcla:i!!li¥it 1c,,;Ji < snaes o Genkan (Entrance) lillll r: �;t-,,;;_ �w\��'li>:; �M_H

,;·• Kakine 'Stairs (Hedge of low bushes, trimmed periodically) ·, Hy6satsu (Nameplate) Second floor f "'. li'M2' i J.!HR (�f.>S::7,rlHIUL.,i!IJ) !!!IL 2�:1 ,: rokonoma Six·mat room Oshiire(Closet) living/dining room Balcony Alcove) 1 ti:flrdl N'LJ..n fOJrdl @r .. , /01,,:J=.- --,,.,;r::z .-... :1·.'·_-- , , __.,.,! DII\ ii _j ,y,·- □:: J{ :\IWr , -·; t �:'3!b.: '.i';r;:j��0_. .} ::·-·::\'.':..; I• �Getabako l:ff.:ili El-� _Q In Japan, you should take your shoes off at Getabako • If/till Getabako (Shoe cabinet) Kitchen _the . Usually, slippers are provided. The family's shoes are placed inside the l:ff;:if'l t:;fiJi First floor B;l:cia:t,!?11:'lllic,z:1, l'@lltla:V" Z:ls:flll;Ji-/i, 1:' cabinet. "a 1throom Toilet Stairs G_.enkan(Entrance) � ('?'111'.llJ'nBIJ il:9Q L.L. ""('�p;JfflA IJ ,y I (l::ffit!' :f.'(Jo/"fJ)\''.i.!:: ·,.r, :c. ;::_;:: 1:: J',·(il1sn C:l,,n:v- 0 5!f; MM f$f.1a: """ D':l�L.c::tiaolJ::nro '"'"'I• '"• ( \. C' I J a 0R,Ft1-•s••.•:-";-A,,.,,:J:t .:...�: tft.:.� ,,.� -�t1 .t·� ·.�,<(1f .t·�•. .;:.:r �r;,q��lf.?.,}t•I- ��-e -� --,, ' " :- 8:$:ri!l.,- •.·, .. _�.;,::;:-,,�\y;,',c,, ,,,-,,._·,,;,l.,�,�\½'.i_�·-:::6�,'.-',:;,:;,_·.:{/-:,,:,,,,...,•; .:-J{- ,1 /· t•ti:OliFIJljll,},.;fl,CC.,,.;,_,; W&ii • fflfi'i(•ldi[ill ·, .-.:_.�,._�r<�- . /::�;(r��'-i:���-��Z.�i'� 6-mat room 4.5-mat room The size of a Japanese-style room with a tatami Bedding or cushions are stored inside At night, bed is made on the tatami by l\!WJ 4fi¥fUI . mat floor is meas_ured according to how many the oshiire . laying a sleeping mattress covered with mats there are. A four-and-a-half a sheet on it On top, a comforter is used. mat room /IllL,J..nO)cplCl.lc' llf)'lj!>Jlj;l'jjl'l]t.i:c1'!1xl?l L, is a square room with its _origins in the tea In the morning all the bedding is stored C:i!5'c'* 9 0 ceremony. Tembukuro in the oshiire and the room is used as a (Upper shelf where small articles or 1 living room by day. Because it is humid £rO)lT&tJ t1r.:[email protected])gB�C, illO)�r;:�::i c:gB{MO) clothes not in season are stored) '(1..,H?I :" 90cm x 180cm in Japan, are frequently aired in the ' :kfr1! «in L, acAlll'l'l.lci;\'¥0):kfr..t1c("FSnt:1J1Cfcl:P�, �t--:::,(3ft X 6ft) • �ID'i!l9'.rtOJ�f1.tJ:C€ L. L.!CL, iFL ,a;g) sun Ramma m��1c. m�m�. �-��-�- � (Open wooden transom between rooms above the ) m�. (7(#C,J1V�O)/MJf;:.1{21Jf;Jl;tS.f11t. f.l, 1CIJ�&OJSQ11B7J') ICl.lcllfl:I /fil'l){;'JJ}IJC:ll!aco.,ij/Cl;J:Q • I: en iafm -Fusuma (Sliding S1h1C:e;/lll,aco l'll1'B IC el HtiiiiShoji 11+1 :J-,Y It 1.,!)i; f'l'l' • Comforter ,1, -1--Fusuma \Mattress ,J.-n, ~- ,:· llH:t'ffiEil fti!f0121 ----

' ----\-Tati3mi .. ·: ~ :• .. : : ·. ', :- .:· . ,·. ., .. ~; .... fr:Jlii-iil•t·H• -~ I I'! -, :ii.JD.... ::.;_;�:>_::•;"_,�:'< \ },:��r'"�{�/,¼�-i;_r:X�*21Ii --. A family Buddhist altar used to pay, re­ Tokonoma • ffOJr.JJ Fusuma •"'I Sh Oji • l,if'� spect to family ancestors. Buddhist stat­ The wood-floored alcove in Sliding doors at the oshiire A sliding door made of a Talisman from shrines are placed on top ues, pictures and mortuary tablets are· a Japanese room, about a or between rooms, serving wooden frame on which of fhe lintel and prayers for the safety of are made with can­ one-half or one tatami mat as a partition. It is made of white Japanese paper is past­ set inside. Prayers prosperityin business are size. A hanging scroll and a wooden frame on which ed, used as a partition be­ the family and dles and food offerings. flowers or decorations are made. Sake and rice are offered to this Japanese paper is first past­ tween roomsor as a window 9c l§ 1' l!t fil o lo tc/1:J displayed there, too. ed, followed by a layer of fu­ shade. end. Soft sunlight comes ®!1'iffic. iblflib ID�OJ�imb'='F �1-£r 1J "-� � suma paper. through it. i!ir.is (p t-,11,'j'O)J:gfl i!!l I:IC I: ti 9c 0)l§ fil rel/ii�IJ O)\ijp/j(T.) LC C:g. Ill ;;t;J�lcl□lllc:T�IJ 1' l,, 'f:O) Jll'J'O),t;J�lcl□lit1'1l'ib 111:1, .tJ•moiol!l;;t;OJ.:: 1:) lw,;:l?l/1:Jaco. ii<@ l:11�1'/J'/1TcIJ, $11/EP,Iil)J J:JC/i:ili({fl!'i::,1::€,8B/ll l!\)iA!/J C:. eiiffi c:na,aeo. IJ1'>:\'l/Cllx/Jf11:laeo. llJH,< ,'cWslili1'1fitiaeo. ji"i Sakaki leaves sell lnce·nse burner 1 ,.,,,..� ,. '" • :f:Sb L,71�1J'iiG.ibAiCi!-�9" 1'>or- to:c 1ll! ,,..l'llP 1;-.- • _, -- ,=:,:.::r :;i.,;-:,..,•• , .....,. ·• • -.. �':'fi.,:}�:-:;;� (11 ◄: ii3: fl l!CWI :-:,- :;... •.; .... I 3 � Riitei t�\:??.?.'?!ffl™ &iii9i#¥id.. . Mi±HI t4: ...;.-JMlrt -:_:=-=-~:t-::-'.""."t~-:., - . . ~.j ~I~ f i • • • :-, 7 :: .... ,_( • :-•,•• .~•; ~::•i';-.-fo(,' :,~ .... � - . ,.••• • :.1:._,.i,;,:..;;/_.-:,:)c ;'\/: ;:�\;�:. • · •· � :-:;, ;:/ .. i\;,l;t��.:it)i�i_�;�Jm ;i=½ffl.\���:i:J:1j�{'M;;:;r�\�fi:i:,.:!�i.il .:.\:i.. �· · ,(·:. ... ,; • :.',?; .,.,:i: ..�. •· ;,.·.,,·., ...... ifi.'·It 4f Some houses have Western-style kitchens with modern appliances. but most kitchens i:. · There are two types of toilets: Western are very uniquely Japanese. :fj{· . and.Japanese. Toilets are usually separate from bathrooms. @irrcl;J:, v;:z'Tb.� ':/7' / (J.Z;,ot>fil,l,)Jlll'J'li:i!Bbtt c. t,\'3A,/;J;NIIPtl!lJJ;";bttTcEJpfJO)C: c:) '.

l!cl.J:/li\8ll.!btt:N1n c:IJ''H\cg 0 / Yuwakashiki (Hot water gas heater) ,;.ac: / ;2btJ•1.,a / >" ' ,_. ·"'' .,... ,.T'' ' '•<'"·'""e,. <'.•,:,>">,>,'-·\-,,,.. c:n'l!HiGAu!!-c,J:5cg. !llttltaeii'il.::rr 11::::Z.7'-:1}1, r,C,.c�--.- I IIQ::.=;p.;;;__-- -- 1- -- i/ :;, «ttlillie�'i!lilioA, cL 1>/J'JJ. /ll'l!)E L,a,g0 11, 111 .� . • < .-T. "l'"t''•'•tt;'W, -- -;;, "t�"a"•a 't•··,., ,,.,.,,.... =,·,,;;;."1"'._\;,'·,--�----,,-:·.,·� ... ,,... ,,·;.::,,"-� It::::::==:::======I I ~• Fl :·, _01 e �'-'Y'-- : ..arm•�a er:-� 1 e .1-'1�?JY�i.12'�•:!•t�1'·1i..--?�ilP"'-'::::..��1..Y�1'>:•:-r-··, · .<..... -:- • - Some toilets have warm-water bidets which \Komebitsu (Rice-storage container) �t�;: *V:, :') spray warm water from under the seat and ·} �- ,«•- -.,, . -.. ,-.:+t -•�➔1-�....:.,-,,,.:<. .:,,�....._._ ·;;:.,, dry with air. Some have seat wo3rmers, too. },_qas._s1ov� �!.: �J �?=;:;;=-1 J�•--,f'.c';)����::�-���- -:,:: =·: ,�itOJ1---1· t; 1.:,�,J<;,1.,;,ueme€1& o 1-11:t-c1,,.,;.:J!! Gas stoves are preferred to electric ones, u•0J�•?-� as they provide higher temperatures for llir.:©C. �ERb'�frlli9(±.f:§QJl.:1J-:i'"Cl,\3:9. frying and stir-frying. The stove includes a ffflHr;ffi!NJQCC"Ot:t!a::9o broiler beneath the burners, for fish only. IQl:flm. lt'1>1Micli:lt1lls\J:IJ:kt.JOJ�c \1D.b' l. /J ..., HaetliaT�'1>. ti:::ZC:A,31.!lie 5 �J!!bit.�t:(!.�����6::�i:-:Wff.({ft��rftb\1$'iif.�F;J�tt��!:;itF:f:W:¾!.tt*ift.!t:t�;jt;,�:% ,t ..,, l.l,l'}ffl0):7'))1,b':Jc\"(l, \QC C: uS(Ja,g O ; There 'are many public toilets. Not all of the toilets, however. have toilet paper or paper ]i towels. �iKCirifeDitsu:f; *t>;q·r�: -:,��-�r:I-?f�iYt-i\L.. •1. R� ..1ce;""00l\el';.�.�llll1ti0"' - ,.,,;;. ,, •�" -·')�,;,:�����...., b_ ...... 'r-:.�•:•Ht�,,�a�"!!"-? _, -:-.�;;;..,::..' i<"-1:o• ... t. UjO)I,\Tci,Plili:S O a,gb'. tOJgr

•�>:'f-:J ie'.¥'0)9\li!Jli:/jllJIJl:fflO)!J'lp/i/J•il5'J. ti:c:ll:!�O)il,llJI',;' l,,leg". iel�li:;/.,'l;'Tc!(JC:::,/J'IJ. /t',;'l!li it Men and women bathe separately.·. !(), /tl.J:ielll. IJ:l,\J.. :iI Y H \ k '1 ? :/-H Gas heater (re-heats ·.•;.• " bathtub water) ::ZIJ:c '- L, ae ti C:\'@O)IJ•. t, Changing room 1JAt::-$'- ·;t}: CO)Ui!,lco. !lltt!ll. :«tt!lll.:�/J'tlc:t. '"'". IIJll'.

-Towel & soap (not supplied) Jacuzzi----!· ?:.t/1.,C611fu (��b?Llcll.19:t!A,) ·}�. �I ':I t-,}(;1. tf.. (" .i . �{� 1\-\�-\\--Wash bowl il'iili!S Bathtub cover boards J"O)L ½lilii! �fflO)il,Tt , , Scale . it;_·� tP.:r:f) 1 · • 1 · 1imtt Shower , 1 : :It>'J- I, � t1�thes - lockers □':It.I- Small apartments and hotels usually have '.{}t> module-style bathrooms which contain tubs, washstands and toilets in a small

space. �j;",!:."­ i_j'., ,. ttaet.r:;,:.,::.,3 :;1"m:rJ�tJ:cc1.J:. iltil!iPli. !!\ f {-', ':-·. V:_1 Q '°1 ['·' ·\') ,·, \•, :,,_ 1/h)�•::z. ·, :-,���·:;.��'>;��-:�.l)t, t·• : . ng ( k i ) (Hokkaid6) (Hokkaid6) t�·. ;,,l:::.:-.�/1. (. . .•:.•t.c:S-?.t·,·;1'.-'·-'i;,,: :1-h;::.- :- J if ,'t:lf"'�• I. · ·::'.}':/ ��'"!la}jl (::ltllilill) . ' ° ° { . . Ml ;ff.·,. -� _:�w Utase-yu I Japan 1s a volcanic land with more than 2,000 hot spring resorts all over the country °'.':... {} q.'. . . m.m;n1 it.:� ... QO • �,' • water 1s higher than 2.5 C (77 F). Hot tJJ..,,f97tJ':J.7r,t.J � (Pelt,ng Generally, the_ temperature of the hot spring . /r· water)-'- ·.· · . . . . . ,,,.,.-�·;i, -�:NtSeko Hot Sprmg ,..._, massage effect for rhe u ma- treatment of chronic disease (rheumat1sm. neu- :ri /4f spn�g water IS said to_be good for the . j\tHokkaid6) · _ · ,. "'"'""''"llH>;JS��Sm and neuralgia '7!1 F·, J'l' ralg1a. gastroentenc disorders, resplfatory disorders, etc.) and the promotion of health. :c:;{) �,;:1,�;i,;, m;,;;.;1 '. ,? nt.:t<'I! •Je>,'fcl$1l!llllcl!ll! ;� .', \ • • � (" �, y .; . . Japanese people enJoy spas, particularly. open-air. bat hs set 1n natura I surroun d'ings □ . ·i�-�c, ·,::· ••;;; , . l (c . 11•1.1�11,-,,r"- L.'. ll• •,� •• ' � , c:. :kili00C:-il5'c>B,$clclcl. :i:OOlc2.000l.:/J:O)i,lli!ll!!IJ'i15tlas9 •la>c:A,cO)�I',. i.JJRO)bfrtll O) • .� �•� i l.tr'J-<::>�•5Shikaribetsukyo Hot Spr',ng ?5 : �-;'3!..J�l)'ll \.I 'Jdl,-:,1)•},, ,' '•' - · ' · ialll,'I.J:25'CU..tc:o, iallllla:Wttllieffi (l,l,[J'l,YUJ/J'/;J:/J'i/a;StJl, \f,j,KO);:: IJ :i-?:f. 1$1\' ,:, '! f;... · ( (Hokka,do) ?i.i glJ llw:;Sm. (jt lijiIJ) 1/,\. OSJ'® '61li. ilJIIJlJjcilJtJI:'.) ;;:;e;L,fctl. g!fiiitJf;l;lcVn,<�lu"IJ'ilBtJaso. B*J-1.1:il.\li! o � D6kutsuburo(Cave . '.-.'{ fT�zawak �u.k:yu Hot Spring (Aomor,)--h,gh aod,ty 'if:!ffir}, §?i.sc:li'Jl11il53�:li:/l\8%�l,{j,A_1CJfc.· _,ySprmg (Akita)o Kaburi-yu en,,,. Ho� Mb•;JJ;:u:it (i!i�) �t,,1Mt1J1 bath) ... .\\ :,/�"'-"'lJu.1�1,=7 t15:,c1,,.1>1.• s1n � yukamur,(Pouring uta water}-put a towel over �rnmg lilS35tJ:O)ln8.. -: //:@� }� g>:f. ,...,,...,, _,,.,,- Hach mantai HotSprin g (Akita, Iwate) · · · - S _,,.,,,,- i your h ea d a� d pourwaterus,n9a I adi e, g1ng �-'?l . x , ..- �· ',� �(CWB) - /\.«i.!J1i!!Jx (t.l:ffi. 6�) the (a water-pouring folk song) . i:. ,\\ '.-;�:,,·.. .. , · - · ft'�' •, . __,. � ft�. �.! t-i',3i?� IDU.::$'�JL,�O)t:t. ... �IJ'UIJfilf 1.!:fil\ . Okunaruko-Kawatabi Hot Spring {Miyagi) tJ.tJI?. U-L,t><. C;U�<..h,��tJa:J" lwa1 Hot Spnng ·· nfi•, � � �-::;. ,.p_i H ot . r.<(l�.: "'";u_.,,, I"" · . . • -- ' "1 OH · JI I l!!=,;, (><'11 ,.·•• 7Ctll!t�im1.::9JJntt.J1,Jj1J�J" gasuok,enteric disorckri;t '' : 1 i!fu"'-;gm cBtR) ts]}ctt»�ah,tt�m:OJl:l)J1J 1ijmT:J" sw��?t � Yubara Hot and respiratory di�S. ----- �•1Dake Hot Spring (Fukushima)-elfective for ,:,,:,:; · Spring cEim 111,1.Al:}l ;::_ gastroenteric disorders and fatigue Yuki-Yunoyama Hot Spring (Hiroshima)- (Okayama) "1!lla"1l'1ll!!. 'lll'lfll�'3!❖/ , ' , @;gm Ctra.Q) ·eu�ffi©l'liJt:@�@u:it.:::i.tiiiEt.J135t:Hl:91:; ..,, slightly radioactive water, effective for stiff .i Rotenburo ;gr,;;,,rn, c�w1 li@l)l,61J"a;9 '\...*\ ::f;j_t shoulders and lower back pain � -NikkOyumoto Hot Spring i "i, (Tochigi) - £f � t:i-. ,r, � lJ* • ;20)L1J;:g}R (JZi�) 5 t,:/;g'1l�. :rrf;:IJ�§f ""°'' r.) 8 ,till*i�lil Clli*I . �c · · (Open-air bath) lil'il.::�trnt.J1.J;IJ*J" ;;!":I ·:trJI-=: Kusatsu Hot Spring (Gumma) tH!R8 Kazoe-yu< s!iit:u.Beppu Hot Spring r? ' ' l,lillill"1 Cl!.%) """'¾- ;. ,. ,'L (Oita) ,r . /J (counting during bathing}-due1 1 to strong acid water,1 short (;,tl)) x·• bathing by counting up to three minutes is recommended [_ .·��- 0 ,,.,,), : ') ��ff·� .§Q, l)•f:�;Q ° ✓------zabon ) •, . �l.'Mtt:OJI,;�{ , ✓ Yufuin Hot Spnn�a • ' ����ukis Hot Spring (Kagoshima) �'-'¾tl Otari Hot Spring (Nagano}-effective1 for wounds and .,. sunaburo ✓ �.,. ''"""'"'"' c;:;i1 , r , �mra,gm r:_t '.t. /J\€tf,gf,l (El.ff) ta'i-'i111�il��t.::YJJfitt.J ®bil:9 :• � 1 �- ,_, effective treatment for �,.•h, i.; �•.·:: -., f,1 •• .. . .")'·.;. :·- ,J,i;A.:,,, . · .,-'' obesity and1 rheumatism · ' Unzen Hot Spring. (Nagasak1}-hot spring "' .� � ,.,,.>- "

Arigat6 gozaimasu I Say6nara Gomennasai I Sumimasen . ::YF:��·:::���--:���W#�� Sumimasen : It is customary to bring a gilt, such as a box of sweets with you, wh_en you visit your acquaintances or those ·" to whom you feel some obligation. When offering a - gift, Japanese will usually say, "This is a trifle," which . .c.,,, simply expresses a self-effacing attit_ude. ):!]}._t>Stl!,�l.:ta:::, rc}._0JlJS.I.: laJ:M 'i'/li t,Jc IJ O)'I' ± Thank�4 you. Good-bye. I'm sorry. SIJtN::..52c;'L,iJ;9, /9liis81il.: r:oa1eStJ:c ,1:, -iz.;i (Wrapping cloth) O)cslJ'·• •J a ,s c: 1::1:,,151J a1es1J•. c:n1to1J,;t!Dta:lKJey:5% • � ll!llcln!Dcf'i5.A.l::la:. -1':1±?... !ltimt?..OJJ..: :>tc?.,,11%:Z!�L,aJes. The Japanese often use unique hand gestures. B*.A.O):::icc::i=?"-;;3 ::,,1.:1;:1. 'f1"ll'i11:'TcL18/jlcf.l'i'f'[!)'lic. )5t,';1/i!i:51S:filt Saxing Good-bxe • �'Jn<> '-...Drinking fountain .. The hand is waved from left to right with the palm facing the other person Bye-bye. , lll:i!i,J( I I _ _ · _ _ _ � �5ta:S LOX)' '=>�1§-=J=kr□Jl:t1i::5k1Jnl'J iJ;.g"" "Yubikiri gem man" ' ,, m'i!IJtfA.au.., 1 · Station attendant Promise • me !J U'7A =' f/ N'I< y -5W£ ,#'/it. ,r (in uniform with a cap and white gloves) Children, particularly, make a pact by hooking each other's pinky fingers: rff( N!.Q {St,Y'[,Ji< 3C:fi}T. /t!JH!ii�RJLt,1��) 1 l §\, ,O),J\l'&�tJ S� L.f{.]5R1,r"ry"-QL..C7-f�L. ,gt, \a:'9 o . White broken' line (passengers should stand behind this line) Rubbing_ or Touching One'_s __Own HeacJ Wi!_h a Hand • IDl1<> >r, Yellow raised line : . , .. SU� ( fli�;'l.j,:O)Ea�J:'Jltt-?r::v.r.:r.;< "{'1;1:t,:J:IJ �t!A,) ------"------.,ci (the raised surface insure� that-sight-impaired peo­ One aHempts to hide embE!rrassment when scolded or even praised. /_&r� }, ple stay away from the edge of the platform) DtGtlr.:t). l��Stlt.::t> Lt,:�'.J. !lf-11 \'-'�L,0 SL ,r,:-�L;J; :t" 1{J-" fiAfflO)fiH:il . 1'1\'l•-,,.�·�,s,..:,-·�-· 0 ���,.'"•-,�i"'-.,, ---�,-,-.-�.:"1Sl!J,c- --•--.-c,...-, .,..,- - •: •o,-, .. '�'ic�i>,l'!g,;."'¥,.\l;l&i_.i;-';f:i'!#.�.••.,�_,'i'l'"'·�' g""'i<�::\i'��,?$;: .·• ·; .• • �- � � � � � "��- • ..• ffi �,,a:,,,_••. �.':• ...., .. . .,; , .. ,_ • ..__ ....,...... ,~c-• __,..., • • � "' .,.. � .--..,�-�w� .. - � - ;�,.. 1..::. -. , . . ,. , -• ,,_ " ,.:.1i, ;'11-""\.-,.'l.�� � }Ui�j,.,,fi/iri:.:.i 2:i�"-'t'l>.;!. • "!·•� . �P• ·· ,-.• �. _,__-� '/j ,.. . -'-"' .,,, ·• · .,.. · " """"''.· • ·• I , ,., · '"�' ".,,�i:.:,'ifi.�Cj:'.-,,1··�: 'lll1i ·;�._,,,,;;-,.. ..,' �"'-,\:1•((;;::'i>,��--..i..o.-� · ';'!:·,.· -�;,,,_, � ., ;;,::,,. c:;r· "!'-" ;:::"!';'¢' • .. · � ·"1d-��hi..1 �. , � r..'l!i.'1''-;f ' In the process of westernization, so'me foreign words.in Japan were modified and }if!.' !f-:,::,-Japanese · animated feature films and TV adopted into a hybrid language called Japanese-English. Some Japanese assume series based on comic books are very -·;.,;• ,,.,.,_,_. these words are real English.. f:11/J'l□ C:,\(: %'\ popular abroad; so much so that the ,,;,.:, fll:i-,�. • term 'anime' (for animation produced in O \':/le,lic. ;: '.;�j B$},_O)�:M'li!:*1te's><1'c. J�§JI.::::>;leA,/J•O)'rl;t" Konsento • ::i;;t,;;t- Handoru • 11;;1'/i, Hotchikisu • ;J;,:,'f'\':7. :',- ,1,,:. :'.IIJ-:Xl;J;:!ij>'lc■■'t>AlKIJ';;<;<. ,lij>'lci,,5. 7=)(· �1,,5■ �B$cffSl1�7=)( Astroboy Jf-1 -:'.;3:,'i' s•��uc:ams:e,•��8 ra!f.!r r,L.J:@=J:JJ7□1t?v3:;.., i:iL.,tc. ae

OutleVElectrical socket Steering wheel Stapler (An example of the kind of Japanese animation to have gained success abroad would ?? l'-V•;,1-,/:I:.V? t- 1)1JJ\J'J?"-;,1-, ::::Z.7'71J.._,,,,,, -r-Jt, 7..T-75- be Tezuka Osamu's 'Tetsuwan Atom' ('Astroboy' in English). M6ningu-sabisu • 'E--;;::t-t:t-1::':7. · Herusu-meta • "-Jt,A)(-57- :lij$>1c },_><(0)8$7=)(0){tl'

�· k --Breakfast set menu �-Scales •{'i!n 2002 Hayao Miyazaki's 'Spirited Away' won the Golden Bear award at the 52nd · •: . _-����� �V,?77::::Z.t-,�-.:,r,�=3- � _ ·.· ,� � 7..7-Jt,7,. ,.�,-�i::,;::Berlin international film festival. This was the first time an animated feature had .· · �,c(·;�an:::: MIM taken the prize since 'Cinderella' won the first· ·. Pantl-sutokkingu • H/T--<-7...1---;,=F-'.:1'7 Kafusubotan • t.r::rA,K$7/ time the festival was held. In 2003 Miyazaki won • � cuff acclaim for receiving an Oscar at the 75th Annual links __,_ ___ Pantyhose � Academy Awards for the Best Animated Feature · � � tJ71J/?7.. J(/T-r-m-7.. Film. With successes like this, manga and anime :, · ·. Waishatsu • 'J-1':lt>'Y can be put forward as something of which Ja_pa_� can be justifiably proud before the world. , .,.· .. --+ \J'l!l. . Pasokon • J\'./:J/ trainer · t-, V-1"- sweat shirts aetc2002f!eli: r;;;gl!)f!ll!lii!!IO) r'fc'f@O)l!Jl!l! L.,J t <'i muffler · ""'<'75- -- scarf 52[§),""{)I/ IJ✓1Iillt1-&.Rl®§W)ilin!�'.1$'.1i:��lli*'s>1'i0) Personal computer ;t,'],{t-,:,l�-1-, hotcake · ;tt•;,t-7-:f- - pancake =)(· trump · 1-,5:,,7 - playing cards c: L. c:rr aeiul.J'.1, 'i''i'11<'>C:cl'c'<>cv.<_· "\ ' J(- J':t/t,:J.-9