Evolution of Urban Rail Signaling System Technology in

Mr. Dongjie Li Traffic Control Technology Co., Ltd. July-2019 Overview of China Rail 01 Transit Development CONTENTS Evolution of Signaling 02 System Technology of TCT

01 Transit Development Transit

Overview of China Rail Rail China of Overview « Overview of China Rail Transit Development 1969 2018 2020 We are experiencing a rapid development stage The first rail 132 urban rail 6000km transit line in lines

China Subway 83% adopt By 2020, the total « built in July, 1965 and CBTC system, with operation mileage opened in January, operation mileage will be up to 6000km. 1971, with 10.7km. 4354.30km

02 System Technology of TCT of Technology System

Evolution of Signaling Signaling of Evolution « Evolution of Signaling System product of TCT

2019 Intelligent rail transportation system 40 years R&D of signaling system 2018 Interoperable Fully automatic operation system Cloud Platform for urban rail systems 2017 Train Intelligent Detection System Rail transit 2016 Vehicle-vehicle communication based Train Trans-disciplinary control system Multi-field LTE based DCS system LCF-500 2015 Interoperable signalling system for network LCF-400 2014 Fully automatic operation 2011 Train operation centred Integrated automation Signaling System 2009 Information security LCF-300 2008 STM CBTC Pilot plant test LCF-200 2002-09 LCF-100 Beijing BaTong Line 1 LCF-200 Passenger dedicated Railway LCF-100 2004 CBTC R&D Subject communication device 1998 LCF-100 through appraisal Product 1996 Urban rail R&D ATP 1993 SJ-93 communication device Railway test 1990"Eighth Five Year Plan" Project-Overspeed Single equipment protection Cab-signaling 1985 Test in Tianjin 1980 Cab-signal Based on SBC TCT provides signaling system or products for 43 lines, about 1780 KM in 23 major cities (18 lines already in service) Generic Cab Signalling

First Generation of cab signaling

system 1959 « 1980 Equipped with cab signalling First Generation System The different cab signaling cannot Beijing JiaoTong University developed be compatible with each other multi-mode compatible Generic cab because block systems varied on signaling firstly in 1980, which became different lines. the first generation on-board signaling system. LCF-100 on-board Beijing Circle Line ATP product

200 sets applied since 1998, with safe and The first set of ATP on-board reliable operation for equipment used to replace the more than 20 years; imported product is applied to Beijing Batong Line Dalin Rapid Rail track circuit based system ; «

Beijing Line 1 CBTC-optimum automatic train control system With rapid growth in density, speed and passenger flow, the communication based moving block system (CBTC) is the optimum automatic train control system. (CBTC-Communications Based Train Control)

The train tracking interval can be up to 90s, which is easy for Communication system extension and upgrade. based moving block

DTG system based on The train tracking interval is over 2 minutes, which is not easy for system digital track circuit extension and upgrade.

Fixed block system The tracking interval is over 3 minutes, which is not easy for system extension based on analog and upgrade. track circuit LCF-300 CBTC Product Old system：Not easy for system Fixed block system based on analog track circuit: the tracking interval is more than 3min expansion and upgrading DTG system based on digital track circuit: the tracking interval is more than 2min 。

Solution: TCT has mastered the key technology and developed the CBTC system independently: High speed, short , three-level control, automatic operation, high riding comfort and easy for system expansion and upgrading.

1 2 3

Vital computer Automatic Train protection and Multimode train-wayside platform developed operation optimization control communication integrated based on model technology based on Best and high reliability practice transmission technology ATS: at ATS: Automatic MSS: control train supervision Maintenance center and system support system LCF-300 station DCS: Backbone data communication

CBTC Product wired system

Wayside ATO/ATP « CI: Computer based interlocking system (Zone controller ZC + database storage unit DSU)  IEEE 1474 for CBTC;

 IEC standards for safety: Platform DCS: Train-wayside protection Platform wireless Wayside IEC 62278, screen door equipment communication Flood gate Semaphore Emergency system Railroad stop button IEC62279, IEC 62245, switch Axle counter Automatic IEC62280; IEC62290； parking transponder On-board ATP +  CENELEC : EN50126， on-board ATO EN50128，EN50129 Fully automatic operation (FAO) system

The FAO system developed based on CBTC achievements greatly improves the system automation and operation service quality.

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Existing linked Further Improve RAMS, Reallocate the process automated, and reduce the failure rate; responsibilities of driver, automation level form a new operation enhanced; mode. Key functions of FAO system

Rain and snow mode

Staff protection Skip and Benchmarking

Fully Automatic 车辆系统概况 Operation System

The system adds fully automatic operation functions based on its Vehicle Obstacle/derail testing sleep/wake original systems, which is compatible with CBTC and back-up mode functions.

Full-automatic washing Creeping model FAO Features

Automation and deep integration Improve the urban rail deep integration of ISCS and ATS operation safety and efficiency; Full redundancy redundant BTM and gateways, etc Features Improve RAMS； Optimized safety protection Improve operation emergency advantages Protection for staff，passengers, obstacles and emergency; handling capability； More OCC functions Enhance automation level Remote PA, remote Emergency brake, （GoA-4）and reduce labor emergency calling, CCTV, PIS; intensity. LTE(4G) technology applied for DCS of FAO signaling system-carry signaling, PIS, TCMS data. FAO System

The FAO system is applied to Beijing Yanfang Line opened on Dec. 30, 2017. Other FAO projects are under construction such as Beijing New Airport Link, Line 17, line 19, L5, Metro and Jinan Line R2. Independent Interoperable I-CBTC Solution for Network Operation Independent interoperable I-CBTC solution realizes "overline and same line operation"; The signaling equipment of different manufacturers are interoperable， which can improve the line and equipment utilization. China Association of Metros released Specifications for Interoperable CBTC system in September 2018.

Uniform dispatch and command CBTC level overline switching Uniform data source

Requirement for passenger "through"; Requirement for network operation; Requirement for resource sharing; Independent Interoperable I-CBTC Solution for Network Operation

The independent interoperable I- CBTC solution is applied to the four lines including , Line 5, and Loop Line and realizes network operation;

Urumqi, Qingdao and Guiyang also promote rail transit interoperability actively. Network Operation « CTCS2+CBTC On-board

Equipment

Operational requirement Target System  The intercity railway network « Realizes non-stop switching by connect with high-speed rail compatible with the CTCS-2 + ATO  The inner-city rapid rail network line and CBTC line connect with intercity trains

Urban rail transit Inner-city rapid rail Intercity railway High-speed rail <120km/h 120-160km/h 160-200km/h >200km/h WLAN/LTE GSM-R

非安全控 安全控 头尾两端通信线 安全控 非安全控 制模块 制模块 制模块 制模块 TCR 健康管 健康管 服务模块 服务模块 理模块 理模块 应答器车载查询器 应答器车载查询器

联锁 GSM-R 列控中心 联锁 车站CTC GSM-R VCC1 DT VCC1 I/O VCC1 DT VCC1 I/O

VCC1 I/O 区域控制器 VCC1 DT

Wifi Wifi 信号安全网 调度数据网

VCC1 I/O 调度中心 VCC1 DT CTC

通信控制 临时限速TSR CCS

CTCS-2区域 共管区域 CBTC区域 On-board Operational requirement: DTG system Track circuit Signaling System  high fault rate Track circuit  high maintenance cost decoding Compatible with USA standard  long maintenance period; transponder DTG and CBTC Insufficient in technical support Beijing Metro Line 5 and no spare parts;

A set of on-board

« core signaling Target System： equipment  One set of train born equipement On-board is compatible with both track

Wireless

circuit and CBTC line ; BTM  Be applicable to old system EN transponder « upgrading and resignaling;  Realize lines interoperability Existing line resignalling solution：

 Compatible with existing system  Smooth Transition to CBTC  Only one set of train-borne  Reduce the construction  Reduce the train-borne failure rate period  Investment reduced

Based on these requirement, TCT proposed a two-system solution:

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Collect line data to Replace old train-borne but Replace old CI & ATS Other system Smooth Transition make E-map keep compatible with track but keep compatible installation & T&C to CBTC database circuit with old system Heavy haul active positioning, over CTC speed protection railway moving Train tail

Speed Yard info Wind pressure collection， block system Speed Movement authority(MA) restriction Beidou positioning CBTC applied to Shuohuang railway restriction status Train location command Route Operational requirement： command Turnoutm, section MA calculation  Heavy haul railway Route, signal  Different train formation and TSR Server CBI RBC 10000-ton trainsets;  System can't meet  vehicle-trackside safety  Heavy haul railway Transportation requirements;

information transmission location technique based

Based on TD-LTE . on multiple sensors Target System：  Suitable for heavy haul railway; «  High safety and density  Train integrity inspection  Applicable for heavy haul tracking control based train tail equipment train control model with  improve transport capacity; information infusion multiple formations and locomotives Heavy haul railway moving block system CBTC applied to Shuohuang railway

The heavy haul railway moving block system is applied to Shuohuang railway, shortens the train tracking interval (from 11 mins to 7.3 mins)and improve transport capacity. Applicable to the upgrading and transformation of heavy haul railway project. Multi-vehicle Vehicle-vehicle communication resource allocation based train control system(VBTC)

Compatible with CBTC Satellite positioning and lines; Multi-scenario image identification obstacle identification

Traditional system ： Target system:：  A large number of «  Take on-board as the core control trackside equipment； Now New equipment;  Complex communication  Trackside equipment is only at OCC; connection and data  Vehicle-vehicle direct communication, control; simple logic, less equipment and easy to maintain VBTC system

VBTC system will be used for the resignalling of CBTC lines in Beijing. It does not rely on the trackside equipment, so project complexity will be reduced. VBTC system will be tested on HK Disney line soon. TIDS（Train Detect the Train, Signal, Turnout, other obstacles，and Intelligent gives alarms based on preset tracking distance. Detection System）

TIDS uses visual sensors and radar equipment to sense the Signal, Turnout indicator environment, provides Speed limit safety protection for train operation 。

E-map Obstacles Speed distance indicator Highly intelligent algorithm technology

Track area recognition technology based on convolutional neural network;

Small object recognition Multi-object technology based recognition on adaptive edge Simultaneous localization and technology based on mapping（SLAM）technology: detection: realize deep learning: trains, signal recognition. Autonomous train positioning switches and other and navigation obstacles. Trend of metro signaling technology development

The development of operation control systems has been roughly divided into five generations. TCT conquered the third generation of CBTC in 2010. Subsequent 3.5th and 4th generations technology have been applied to demonstration projects. The key technologies of the 5th generation have also started research. VBTC Same pace with overseas • From single system to multiple 5G system safety Train Slef- • More Intelligent and efficient control/dispatching Singapore NE line opened in Minimized recourse 2003, 10 years earlier Shorter interval Very simple and Low

VBTC 4G FAO maintenance High RAMS & Interoperable CBTC in Implementation rate Paris & NY is 5 years Multiple system link later than China driverless（GOA3/4） 3.5G I-CBTC Crossline

FAO Same pace with operation overseas CBTC Unified interfaces 3G Automatic I FAO Functions - CBTC dispatching I-CBTC Semi- ATO（GOA2） CBTC Functions moving Overspeed 2G protection CBTC system Route protection Functions 1G Fixed block Distance/speed profile Semi-moving multi-step speed control Fixed block block function functions Overseas China Thanks for Your Attention！