Wladimir Kaminer's Public Persona and Writings Within the Discourse on German National Identity
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University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 5-2005 Wladimir Kaminer's Public Persona and Writings within the Discourse on German National Identity Diana Stanislavovna Gortinskaya University of Tennessee, Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the German Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Gortinskaya, Diana Stanislavovna, "Wladimir Kaminer's Public Persona and Writings within the Discourse on German National Identity. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2005. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4552 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Diana Stanislavovna Gortinskaya entitled "Wladimir Kaminer's Public Persona and Writings within the Discourse on German National Identity." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in German. Peter Hoyng, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Carolyn Hodges, Stephanie Ohnesorg Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Diana Stanislavovna Gortinskayaentitled "Wladimir Kaminer' s Public Persona and Writings within the Discourse on German National Identity." I have examined the final paper copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillmentof the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in German. We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: ��-� �:�Stephanie Ohnesorg Acceptance for the Council: Graduate Studies WLADIMIRKAMINER'S PUBLICPERSONA AND WRITINGS WITHINTHE DISCOURSE ON GERMAN NATIONAL IDENTITY A Thesis Presented forthe Master of Arts Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Diana Stanislavovna Gortinskaya May, 2005 Copyright© 2005 by Diana S. Gortinskaya All rightsreserved ii DEDICATION Thjs thesis is dedicated to my Mom, ViktoriaGortinskaya, and the rest of my family, for alwaysbelieving in me ... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank all those who helped me complete my Master of Artsdegree in German. I would like to thank Dr. Peter Hoyng for his enthusiasm and support,for making me familiarwith the history of Russian emigrationin Germany,with the Russian intellectual community in Berlin in the twentieth century and the literary works of Wladimir Kaminer,in particular. Wo�dsare not sufficientto thank him forreading every draftof this thesis. I would also like to thank Dr. Ohnesorg for her valuable comments and suggestions on women of various ethnic backgrounds writingin German. I would also like to thank Dr. Hodges forbeing on my committee. I also express my thanks to Dr. David Lee for helping me to organize bibliographical references. I am also very gratefulto ErinRead forediting my thesis. Last but certainly not the least I would like to thank my family and friends,whose constant encouragement and supportmade this work possible. iv ABSTRACT The purpose of the followingthesis is to examine the concept of German national literature as partof the discourse on German national identity afterunification. I concentrate on one representative of post-Wende German literature--WladimirKaminer, a Russian emigreof Jewish descent who immigratedto Germanyin 1990 and in the course of ten years became a best-selling Germanwriter. This study is the firstscholarly analysis of bothKaminer' s public persona and his writings. On the basis of Kaminer' s interviews with various Russian- and German-speaking media, I focus on his positioning within the discourse on Germannational identity and identify changes it underwentin the last four years. In order to trace the effect of these transformations on Kaminer's writings, I utilize an alterity paradigm in comparative reading of two of Kaminer' s collections of stories:· Russendisko (2000) and Ich mache mir Sorgen, Mama (2004). This comparison shows that four years after the publication of his first major work Kaminer makes even stronger efforts to undermine a nationality as a stable and essential notion, both on an individual and collective level. He does so by exposing otherness on inter- and intracultural levels and ultimately he focuses on metacultural otherness, i.e., alterity based on characteristics other than nationality. I argue that Kaminer' s conscious choice to live on the verge of two cultures enables him to bring Russianand German culturescloser and establish transnational and transcultural dialogue. Kaminer, thus, becomes a strong voice within the discourse on multicultural Germany as part of redefiningGerman national identity after unification. V TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. IN'TRODUCTION. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .......... 1 Il. DISCOURSEON GERMAN NATIONAL IDENTITY. .. ... ... .. .. 5 ill. WLADIMIR KAMINER- THE 'ONE' OR THE 'OTHER'?. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 14 Kaminer' s Appearance in Berlin . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 14 Kaminer's Development as a Writer........................................................... 16 Kaminer's National Identities . .. .. .. .. .. ............ .. ... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ..... 18 'German'Perception of Kaminer .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 20 "TheMost Famous Russian in Berlin" in 2000 . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... 21 "InternationalAuthor" in 2002-2003 ........................ ....................· ... 22 "Bestselling German Writer"in late 2003-2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 23 'Russian' Perception of Kaminer .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 25 IV. RUSSENDISKO IN THE FRAMEWORKOF CROSS-CULTURAL DISCOURSE. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29 Otherness as it Appears in Russendisko .. .... ...... ..... .... ..... .. .. ...... ..... ... ........... 29 Intercultural Otherness. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30 Intracultural Otherness. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 34 Narrator's Shifting Alignments in Russendisko .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. 36 Split Status Between the Text and the Reader .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 37 "Translational Character" of "Russendisko" .. .. ... ... .. .. .. ... .... ..... 38 Russendisko in Translation. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 vi V. /CH MACHE MIR SORGEN, MAMA OR FOUR YEARSLATER. ........................ 42 Intercultural Otherness . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 43 �ultural Otherness . ... 46 Dialogue with the Reader .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 48 VI. CONCLUSION . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 52 LISTOF REFERENCES . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57 VITA ............................................ .............................. ...... .............. 68 vii CHAPTERI INTRODUCTION The late twentieth century is characterizedby extensive cultural interaction, which in intensity and outcomes is without analogue in the historyof humanity. Societies whose characterswere consideredto have been firmlyestablished had confrontedeach other as the world facedconsiderable population migration.It is this massive exodus and influx of peopleof differentsocieties and cultures and their interaction that initiated and intensifieda renewed discourse on national identity. Likewise, in writingthis thesis, I had one goal in mind: namely, to focuson Germanliterature as partof the discourse on Germannational identity. I have chosen a recentsensation in Germanliterature--Wladimir Kaminer--as the main objectof my research. The primary purposeof the followingthesis is thus to analyze Kaminer' s role in the discourseon national identity in post-Wende Germany.I would like to emphasize that the phenomenon of Kaminer has not yet received due scholarly attention and thus the novelty of this thesis lies in the fact that the present researchis the first scholarly investigation of Kaminer' s public persona andliterature andtheir effect on national identity discourse. In order to analyze the positioning of Kaminer's public persona and his works within the discourse on national identity in post-Wende Germany,I concentrate on the followingquestions: a. When did Kaminer' s public personaand literaturebecome an integralpart of the discourse on Germannational identity? 1 b. Why were Kaminerand his works included in this discourse? c. Who or what were the major forcesin Kaminer's development into such a major figurewithin this discourse? d. How did the factthat Kaminer has become an essential figurein the discourse on Germannational identity? e. To what extent does Kaminer contribute to establishing a transcultural and transnational dialogue? In the followingthesis I firstprovide an overviewof the scholarly debate on German national identity. I also discuss distinctive featuresof this discourse and explore how a more narrownationalistic approach to German national identity has been surrenderingits po�ition to interculturalism (Chapter II). In the next chapter, I introduce Wladi�r Kaminer and attempt to explain ·how a Russian