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Kana Supplement Range: 1B000–1B0FF

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Kana Supplement Range: 1B000–1B0FF This file contains an excerpt from the character code tables and list of character names for The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 This file may be changed at any time without notice to reflect errata or other updates to the Unicode Standard. See https://www.unicode.org/errata/ for an up-to-date list of errata. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/ for access to a complete list of the latest character code charts. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode-14.0/ for charts showing only the characters added in Unicode 14.0. See https://www.unicode.org/Public/14.0.0/charts/ for a complete archived file of character code charts for Unicode 14.0. Disclaimer These charts are provided as the online reference to the character contents of the Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 but do not provide all the information needed to fully support individual scripts using the Unicode Standard. For a complete understanding of the use of the characters contained in this file, please consult the appropriate sections of The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0, online at https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode14.0.0/, as well as Unicode Standard Annexes #9, #11, #14, #15, #24, #29, #31, #34, #38, #41, #42, #44, #45, and #50, the other Unicode Technical Reports and Standards, and the Unicode Character Database, which are available online. See https://www.unicode.org/ucd/ and https://www.unicode.org/reports/ A thorough understanding of the information contained in these additional sources is required for a successful implementation. Copying characters from the character code tables or list of character names is not recommended, because for production reasons the PDF files for the code charts cannot guarantee that the correct character codes will always be copied. Fonts The shapes of the reference glyphs used in these code charts are not prescriptive. Considerable variation is to be expected in actual fonts. The particular fonts used in these charts were provided to the Unicode Consortium by a number of different font designers, who own the rights to the fonts. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/fonts.html for a list. Terms of Use You may freely use these code charts for personal or internal business uses only. You may not incorporate them either wholly or in part into any product or publication, or otherwise distribute them without express written permission from the Unicode Consortium. However, you may provide links to these charts. The fonts and font data used in production of these code charts may NOT be extracted, or used in any other way in any product or publication, without permission or license granted by the typeface owner(s). The Unicode Consortium is not liable for errors or omissions in this file or the standard itself. Information on characters added to the Unicode Standard since the publication of the most recent version of the Unicode Standard, as well as on characters currently being considered for addition to the Unicode Standard can be found on the Unicode web site. See https://www.unicode.org/pending/pending.html and https://www.unicode.org/alloc/Pipeline.html. Copyright © 1991-2021 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. 1B000 Kana Supplement 1B0FF 1B00 1B01 1B02 1B03 1B04 1B05 1B06 1B07 1B08 1B09 1B0A 1B0B 1B0C 1B0D 1B0E 1B0F 0 1B000 1B010 1B020 1B030 1B040 1B050 1B060 1B070 1B080 1B090 1B0A0 1B0B0 1B0C0 1B0D0 1B0E0 1B0F0 1 1B001 1B011 1B021 1B031 1B041 1B051 1B061 1B071 1B081 1B091 1B0A1 1B0B1 1B0C1 1B0D1 1B0E1 1B0F1 2 1B002 1B012 1B022 1B032 1B042 1B052 1B062 1B072 1B082 1B092 1B0A2 1B0B2 1B0C2 1B0D2 1B0E2 1B0F2 3 1B003 1B013 1B023 1B033 1B043 1B053 1B063 1B073 1B083 1B093 1B0A3 1B0B3 1B0C3 1B0D3 1B0E3 1B0F3 4 1B004 1B014 1B024 1B034 1B044 1B054 1B064 1B074 1B084 1B094 1B0A4 1B0B4 1B0C4 1B0D4 1B0E4 1B0F4 5 1B005 1B015 1B025 1B035 1B045 1B055 1B065 1B075 1B085 1B095 1B0A5 1B0B5 1B0C5 1B0D5 1B0E5 1B0F5 6 1B006 1B016 1B026 1B036 1B046 1B056 1B066 1B076 1B086 1B096 1B0A6 1B0B6 1B0C6 1B0D6 1B0E6 1B0F6 7 1B007 1B017 1B027 1B037 1B047 1B057 1B067 1B077 1B087 1B097 1B0A7 1B0B7 1B0C7 1B0D7 1B0E7 1B0F7 8 1B008 1B018 1B028 1B038 1B048 1B058 1B068 1B078 1B088 1B098 1B0A8 1B0B8 1B0C8 1B0D8 1B0E8 1B0F8 9 1B009 1B019 1B029 1B039 1B049 1B059 1B069 1B079 1B089 1B099 1B0A9 1B0B9 1B0C9 1B0D9 1B0E9 1B0F9 A 1B00A 1B01A 1B02A 1B03A 1B04A 1B05A 1B06A 1B07A 1B08A 1B09A 1B0AA 1B0BA 1B0CA 1B0DA 1B0EA 1B0FA B 1B00B 1B01B 1B02B 1B03B 1B04B 1B05B 1B06B 1B07B 1B08B 1B09B 1B0AB 1B0BB 1B0CB 1B0DB 1B0EB 1B0FB C 1B00C 1B01C 1B02C 1B03C 1B04C 1B05C 1B06C 1B07C 1B08C 1B09C 1B0AC 1B0BC 1B0CC 1B0DC 1B0EC 1B0FC D 1B00D 1B01D 1B02D 1B03D 1B04D 1B05D 1B06D 1B07D 1B08D 1B09D 1B0AD 1B0BD 1B0CD 1B0DD 1B0ED 1B0FD E 1B00E 1B01E 1B02E 1B03E 1B04E 1B05E 1B06E 1B07E 1B08E 1B09E 1B0AE 1B0BE 1B0CE 1B0DE 1B0EE 1B0FE F 1B00F 1B01F 1B02F 1B03F 1B04F 1B05F 1B06F 1B07F 1B08F 1B09F 1B0AF 1B0BF 1B0CF 1B0DF 1B0EF 1B0FF The Unicode Standard 14.0, Copyright © 1991-2021 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. 1B000 Kana Supplement 1B03B Historic Katakana 1B01D HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-7 1B000 KATAKANA LETTER ARCHAIC E • derived from 6B5F 歟 1B01E HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-8 Historic Hiragana and Hentaigana derived from 8CC0 賀 HIRAGANA LETTER ARCHAIC YE • 1B001 1B01F HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-9 ※ HENTAIGANA LETTER E-1 • derived from 9591 閑 • derived from 6C5F 江 1B020 HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-10 Hentaigana • derived from 9999 香 1B002 HENTAIGANA LETTER A-1 1B021 HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-11 • derived from 5B89 安 • derived from 99D5 駕 1B003 HENTAIGANA LETTER A-2 1B022 HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-KE • derived from 611B 愛 • derived from 5BB6 家 1B004 HENTAIGANA LETTER A-3 1B023 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-1 • derived from 963F 阿 • derived from 559C 喜 1B005 HENTAIGANA LETTER A-WO 1B024 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-2 • derived from 60E1 惡 • derived from 5E7E 幾 1B006 HENTAIGANA LETTER I-1 1B025 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-3 • derived from 4EE5 以 • derived from 5E7E 幾 1B007 HENTAIGANA LETTER I-2 1B026 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-4 • derived from 4F0A 伊 • derived from 652F 支 1B008 HENTAIGANA LETTER I-3 1B027 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-5 • derived from 610F 意 • derived from 6728 木 1B009 HENTAIGANA LETTER I-4 1B028 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-6 • derived from 79FB 移 • derived from 7948 祈 1B00A HENTAIGANA LETTER U-1 1B029 HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-7 • derived from 5B87 宇 • derived from 8CB4 貴 1B00B HENTAIGANA LETTER U-2 1B02A HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-8 • derived from 5B87 宇 • derived from 8D77 起 1B00C HENTAIGANA LETTER U-3 1B02B HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-1 • derived from 6182 憂 • derived from 4E45 久 1B00D HENTAIGANA LETTER U-4 1B02C HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-2 • derived from 6709 有 • derived from 4E45 久 1B00E HENTAIGANA LETTER U-5 1B02D HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-3 • derived from 96F2 雲 • derived from 4E5D 九 1B00F HENTAIGANA LETTER E-2 1B02E HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-4 • derived from 76C8 盈 • derived from 4F9B 供 1B010 HENTAIGANA LETTER E-3 1B02F HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-5 • derived from 7E01 縁 • derived from 5036 倶 1B011 HENTAIGANA LETTER E-4 1B030 HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-6 • derived from 8863 衣 • derived from 5177 具 1B012 HENTAIGANA LETTER E-5 1B031 HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-7 • derived from 8863 衣 • derived from 6C42 求 1B013 HENTAIGANA LETTER E-6 1B032 HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-1 • derived from 8981 要 • derived from 4ECB 介 1B014 HENTAIGANA LETTER O-1 1B033 HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-2 • derived from 65BC 於 • derived from 4ECB 介 1B015 HENTAIGANA LETTER O-2 1B034 HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-3 • derived from 65BC 於 • derived from 5E0C 希 1B016 HENTAIGANA LETTER O-3 1B035 HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-4 • derived from 96B1 隱 • derived from 6C23 氣 1B017 HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-1 1B036 HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-5 • derived from 4F73 佳 • derived from 8A08 計 1B018 HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-2 1B037 HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-6 • derived from 52A0 加 • derived from 9063 遣 1B019 HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-3 1B038 HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-1 • derived from 53EF 可 • derived from 53E4 古 1B01A HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-4 1B039 HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-2 • derived from 53EF 可 • derived from 6545 故 1B01B HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-5 1B03A HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-3 • derived from 5609 嘉 • derived from 8A31 許 1B01C HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-6 1B03B HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-KI • derived from 6211 我 • derived from 671F 期 The Unicode Standard 14.0, Copyright © 1991-2021 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. 1B03C Kana Supplement 1B079 1B03C HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-1 1B05B HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-5 • derived from 4E4D 乍 • derived from 695A 楚 1B03D HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-2 1B05C HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-6 • derived from 4F50 佐 • derived from 8607 蘇 1B03E HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-3 1B05D HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-7 • derived from 4F50 佐 • derived from 8655 處 1B03F HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-4 1B05E HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-1 • derived from 5DE6 左 • derived from 5802 堂 1B040 HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-5 1B05F HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-2 • derived from 5DEE 差 • derived from 591A 多 1B041 HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-6 1B060 HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-3 • derived from 6563 散 • derived from 591A 多 1B042 HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-7 1B061 HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-4 • derived from 659C 斜 • derived from 7576 當 1B043 HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-8 1B062 HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-1 • derived from 6C99 沙 • derived from 5343 千 1B044 HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-1 1B063 HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-2 • derived from 4E4B 之 • derived from 5730 地 1B045 HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-2 1B064 HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-3 • derived from 4E4B 之 • derived from 667A 智 1B046 HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-3 1B065
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  • Handy Katakana Workbook.Pdf

    Handy Katakana Workbook.Pdf

    First Edition HANDY KATAKANA WORKBOOK An Introduction to Japanese Writing: KANA THIS IS A SUPPLEMENT FOR BEGINNING LEVEL JAPANESE LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION. \ FrF!' '---~---- , - Y. M. Shimazu, Ed.D. -----~---- TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENlS vii STUDYSHEET#l 1 A,I,U,E, 0, KA,I<I, KU,KE, KO, GA,GI,GU,GE,GO, N WORKSHEET #1 2 PRACTICE: A, I,U, E, 0, KA,KI, KU,KE, KO, GA,GI,GU, GE,GO, N WORKSHEET #2 3 MORE PRACTICE: A, I, U, E,0, KA,KI,KU, KE, KO, GA,GI,GU,GE,GO, N WORKSHEET #~3 4 ADDmONAL PRACTICE: A,I,U, E,0, KA,KI, KU,KE, KO, GA,GI,GU,GE,GO, N STUDYSHEET #2 5 SA,SHI,SU,SE, SO, ZA,JI,ZU,ZE,ZO, TA, CHI, TSU, TE,TO, DA, DE,DO WORI<SHEEI' #4 6 PRACTICE: SA,SHI,SU,SE, SO, ZA,II, ZU,ZE,ZO, TA, CHI, 'lSU,TE,TO, OA, DE,DO WORI<SHEEI' #5 7 MORE PRACTICE: SA,SHI,SU,SE,SO, ZA,II, ZU,ZE, W, TA, CHI, TSU, TE,TO, DA, DE,DO WORKSHEET #6 8 ADDmONAL PRACI'ICE: SA,SHI,SU,SE, SO, ZA,JI, ZU,ZE,ZO, TA, CHI,TSU,TE,TO, DA, DE,DO STUDYSHEET #3 9 NA,NI, NU,NE,NO, HA, HI,FU,HE, HO, BA, BI,BU,BE,BO, PA, PI,PU,PE,PO WORKSHEET #7 10 PRACTICE: NA,NI, NU, NE,NO, HA, HI,FU,HE,HO, BA,BI, BU,BE, BO, PA, PI,PU,PE,PO WORKSHEET #8 11 MORE PRACTICE: NA,NI, NU,NE,NO, HA,HI, FU,HE, HO, BA,BI,BU,BE, BO, PA,PI,PU,PE,PO WORKSHEET #9 12 ADDmONAL PRACTICE: NA,NI, NU, NE,NO, HA, HI, FU,HE, HO, BA,BI,3U, BE, BO, PA, PI,PU,PE,PO STUDYSHEET #4 13 MA, MI,MU, ME, MO, YA, W, YO WORKSHEET#10 14 PRACTICE: MA,MI, MU,ME, MO, YA, W, YO WORKSHEET #11 15 MORE PRACTICE: MA, MI,MU,ME,MO, YA, W, YO WORKSHEET #12 16 ADDmONAL PRACTICE: MA,MI,MU, ME, MO, YA, W, YO STUDYSHEET #5 17
  • Android Apps for Learning Kana Recommended by Our Students

    Android Apps for Learning Kana Recommended by Our Students

    Android Apps for learning Kana recommended by our students [Kana column: H = Hiragana, K = Katakana] Below are some recommendations for Kana learning apps, ranked in descending order by our students. Please try a few of these and find one that suits your needs. Enjoy learning Kana! Recommended Points App Name Kana Language Description Link Listening Writing Quizzes English： https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/jpn/id739.html English, Developed by the Japan Foundation and uses Hiragana Memory Hint H Indonesian, 〇 〇 picture mnemonics to help you memorize Indonesian： https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id746.html Thai Hiragana. Thai： https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id773.html English： https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id743.html English, Developed by the Japan Foundation and uses Katakana Memory Hint K Indonesian, 〇 〇 picture mnemonics to help you memorize Indonesian： https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id747.html Thai Katakana. Thai： https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id775.html A holistic app that can be used to master Kana Obenkyo H&K English 〇 〇 fully, and eventually also for other skills like https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id602.html Kanji and grammar. A very integrated quizzing system with five Kana (Hiragana and Katakana) H&K English 〇 〇 https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/jpn/id626.html varieties of tests available. Uses SRS (Spatial Repetition System) to help Kana Town H&K English 〇 〇 https://nihongo-e-na.com/android/eng/id845.html build memory. Although the app is entirely in Japanese, it only has Hiragana and Katakana so the interface Free Learn Japanese Hiragana H&K Japanese 〇 〇 〇 does not pose a problem as such.
  • Machine Transliteration (Knight & Graehl, ACL

    Machine Transliteration (Knight & Graehl, ACL

    Machine Transliteration (Knight & Graehl, ACL 97) Kevin Duh UW Machine Translation Reading Group, 11/30/2005 Transliteration & Back-transliteration • Transliteration: • Translating proper names, technical terms, etc. based on phonetic equivalents • Complicated for language pairs with different alphabets & sound inventories • E.g. “computer” --> “konpyuutaa” 䜷䝷䝗䝩䜪䝃䞀 • Back-transliteration • E.g. “konpyuuta” --> “computer” • Inversion of a lossy process Japanese/English Examples • Some notes about Japanese: • Katakana phonetic system for foreign names/loan words • Syllabary writing: • e.g. one symbol for “ga”䚭䜰, one for “gi”䚭䜲 • Consonant-vowel (CV) structure • Less distinction of L/R and H/F sounds • Examples: • Golfbag --> goruhubaggu 䜸䝯䝙䝔䝇䜴 • New York Times --> nyuuyooku taimuzu䚭䝏䝩䞀䝬䞀䜳䚭䝃䜨䝤䜾 • Ice cream --> aisukuriimu 䜦䜨䜽䜳䝮䞀䝤 The Challenge of Machine Back-transliteration • Back-transliteration is an important component for MT systems • For J/E: Katakana phrases are the largest source of phrases that do not appear in bilingual dictionary or training corpora • Claims: • Back-transliteration is less forgiving than transliteration • Back-transliteration is harder than romanization • For J/E, not all katakana phrases can be “sounded out” by back-transliteration • word processing --> waapuro • personal computer --> pasokon Modular WSA and WFSTs • P(w) - generates English words • P(e|w) - English words to English pronounciation • P(j|e) - English to Japanese sound conversion • P(k|j) - Japanese sound to katakana • P(o|k) - katakana to OCR • Given a katana string observed by OCR, find the English word sequence w that maximizes !!!P(w)P(e | w)P( j | e)P(k | j)P(o | k) e j k Two Potential Solutions • Learn from bilingual dictionaries, then generalize • Pro: Simple supervised learning problem • Con: finding direct correspondence between English alphabets and Japanese katakana may be too tenuous • Build a generative model of transliteration, then invert (Knight & Graehl’s approach): 1.
  • Ahom Range: 11700–1174F

    Ahom Range: 11700–1174F

    Ahom Range: 11700–1174F This file contains an excerpt from the character code tables and list of character names for The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 This file may be changed at any time without notice to reflect errata or other updates to the Unicode Standard. See https://www.unicode.org/errata/ for an up-to-date list of errata. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/ for access to a complete list of the latest character code charts. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode-14.0/ for charts showing only the characters added in Unicode 14.0. See https://www.unicode.org/Public/14.0.0/charts/ for a complete archived file of character code charts for Unicode 14.0. Disclaimer These charts are provided as the online reference to the character contents of the Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 but do not provide all the information needed to fully support individual scripts using the Unicode Standard. For a complete understanding of the use of the characters contained in this file, please consult the appropriate sections of The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0, online at https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode14.0.0/, as well as Unicode Standard Annexes #9, #11, #14, #15, #24, #29, #31, #34, #38, #41, #42, #44, #45, and #50, the other Unicode Technical Reports and Standards, and the Unicode Character Database, which are available online. See https://www.unicode.org/ucd/ and https://www.unicode.org/reports/ A thorough understanding of the information contained in these additional sources is required for a successful implementation.