Silicon Valley Tiene Poder, Dinero E Inversores Dispuestos a SILICON Que Cualquiera Pueda Terminar Econvirtiéndose En Mark Zuckerberg O En Larry Ellison

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Silicon Valley Tiene Poder, Dinero E Inversores Dispuestos a SILICON Que Cualquiera Pueda Terminar Econvirtiéndose En Mark Zuckerberg O En Larry Ellison FUN&PLEASURE EL ÉXITO FEMENINO EXISTE Es lo que han querido transmitir las periodistas Insiyah Saeed y Nora Poggi en su documental She Started It (Ella empezó), que gra- baron el año pasa- do con el objetivo de dar visibilidad a los referentes feme- ninos en el mundo de la tecnología. MUJERES EN n este pequeño oasis situado en el valle de Santa Clara, al sur de San Francisco, no es oro todo lo que reluce. Silicon Valley tiene poder, dinero e inversores dispuestos a SILICON que cualquiera pueda terminar Econvirtiéndose en Mark Zuckerberg o en Larry Ellison. ¿Milagro o realidad? Sim- plemente, que recibe cerca de un tercio VALLEY del total de la inversión de capital riesgo en Estados Unidos y, con eso, todos son NO TODO aplausos. Sin embargo hay algo que llama poderosamente la atención y es el bajo SIGUE IGUAL número de mujeres que trabaja en esta meca dorada de la tecnología. Así nos lo Sólo una de cada diez empresas allí explica la periodista Nora Poggi, coautora están lideradas por mujeres y es normal que del documental She Started It y que nos estén solas en las juntas de accionistas. confirma que Silicon Valley tiene un serio En este complejo tecnológico californiano, problema de igualdad. “Los hombres y las admirado por todos, existe un problema de mujeres no tienen las mismas oportunidades igualdad. ¿Quieres saber por qué? allí pero eso está cambiando, quizá más Texto: Elena Mandacen rápido de lo que pensamos. En el año 2013, sólo el 13 por ciento de todos los fondos de capital riesgo fueron a mujeres, frente a 2009 que eran menos del 10 por ciento; millones de usuarios. “¿A quién contra- por tanto hay una pequeña mejora. Aún to? Sólo a gente extraordinaria.” Pero, España así, las cifras son alarmantes. Sólo el 3 por ¿qué dicen los números sobre la mayor APUESTA ciento de las mujeres se inicia en compañías o menor presencia de mujeres en Silicon tecnológicas. En las conferencias la mayoría Valley? Lo primero es que, como indica la FUERTE son hombres, por no hablar de las juntas periodista Nora Poggy, sólo una de cada Nadie dijo que fuese de grandes empresas. Y así sucesivamente”, 10 está encabezada o liderada por fácil, pero hay mujeres startups que con su esfuerzo y explica esta valiente periodista. En grandes alguna mujer. Lo paradójico es que, según empeño han conseguido empresas como Google o Yahoo! las mujeres datos del Fondo Multilateral de Inversio- llegar, en nombre de siguen siendo minoría. “Sin embargo, éste nes (FOMIN), las empresas creadas por nuestro país, a Silicon es un primer paso en la dirección correcta, mujeres tienen una tasa de éxito más alta Valley. Ellas, al igual que el resto, creen que se ya que las empresas están reconociendo que las creadas por hombres y un mayor puede ganar la batalla al el problema.” Quizá por ello, la siguiente retorno de la inversión. sexismo: trabajando. pregunta que le hacemos a Poggi es por qué sucede esto. “Creo que la forma en la que CONECTAR A MUJERES el sistema educativo enseña matemáticas y EMPRENDEDORAS ciencias no es la más atractiva ni alienta a Patricia Araque es la cofundadora y direc- las niñas. También es cierto que los libros tora de Ellas 2.0, una plataforma que busca o medios de comunicación retratan esta iniciativas para conectar a mujeres dentro profesión como un grupo de nerds solitarios de proyectos tecnológicos. “Silicon Valley y aburridos, lo cual no es verdad. es un ecosistema formado por varios Además, las mujeres son los micromundos profesionales. mayores consumidores de Hay mujeres emprendedoras, PILAR MANCHÓN aplicaciones y tecnología, otras con perfiles técnicos, DIRECTORA DE por lo que tendría senti- “Solo 1 de cada ingenieras... de todo un OPERACIONES DE do que se conviertan en poco. Triunfar allí no NEGOCIO EN INTEL 10 startups en Hace diez años creó creadores en lugar de en es ni mucho más difí- en Sevilla su empresa, usuarios sólo pasivos.” Silicon Valley cil ni más fácil para una Indisys, adquirida ahora por el gigante tecnológi- es de mujeres ” mujer en comparación a co Intel. Trabaja en Santa Clara (California). QUERER ES PODER Nora Poggy cualquier otro lugar del De todas las historias de su- mundo; de hecho hay otras peración que pueblan Silicon zonas donde las mujeres lo tie- Valley hay una que nos ha llamado nen peor para avanzar en sus carreras especialmente la atención. Se trata de profesionales. Silicon Valley tiende más a la Ruchi Sanghvi, la primera mujer ingeniera meritocracia que otros ecosistemas dentro que llegó a Facebook. A sus 32 años, esta y fuera de EEUU, pero los problemas son británica de origen indio quiso seguir los los mismos: falta de redes, barreras en el pasos de su padre, un empresario hecho a acceso a la financiación, backgrounds no sí mismo en el negocio de la maquinaria técnicos o una toxicidad en el sistema que pesada. En 2005, Ruchi llega a Silicon Va- aún sigue teniendo una profunda huella PATRICIA ARAQUE lley para hacer una entrevista de trabajo en masculina”, explica Patricia Araque que, al ELLAS.2.O Facebook y pasa a formar parte del equipo igual que Nora, cree que como la mayoría Valiente y segura de sí misma, desde su pla- encargado de desarrollar el famoso muro. de los inversores son hombres “se perpetúa taforma ayuda y apoya “Yo estaba acostumbrada a estar en minoría un círculo vicioso: que la inversión vaya a a las mujeres para que triunfen en el mundo porque en mi escuela de ingeniería era una parar a manos de emprendedores hombres, de la tecnología. Es de las cinco mujeres que estudiaba en un probablemente porque, de forma incons- lo que se denomina grupo de 150 personas.” En 2010, Ruchi ciente, en su mente se activan mecanismos mentoring peer to peer. Sanghvi dejó Facebook para fundar su que les empujan a identificarse más con propia empresa, Cove, junto a su marido, ellos porque les recuerdan a cuando lo y en la actualidad cuenta con más de 175 fueron en el pasado”. Y nos matiza un dato FUN&PLEASURE Marissa MAYER SHERYL SANDBerg ELLAS LO HAN CONSEGUIDO Marissa Mayer, CEO de Yahoo, Sheryl Sandberg, directora operativa de Facebook, Angela Ahrendts, exdirectora general de Burberry y actual jefa de ANGELA retail en Apple, Leila Janah, CEO de Samasour- Ahrendts ce, o Susan Wojcicki, CEO de YouTube, son algunos ejemplos de mujeres que gracias a su esfuerzo e inteligencia han llegado a lo más alto en Silicon Valley. Sin embargo, son una minoría en un mundo marcado por los hombres que lideran la mayoría de las empresas. ¿Soluciones? Leila Janah apuesta por leyes que fuercen a las empresas a admitir a mujeres en los consejos de administración (algo poco probable) o que la Leila informática sea obligatoria en las escuelas. JANAH a priori importante: los inversores suelen ser del cielo. Es necesario buscar la excelencia antiguos emprendedores que reinvierten su profesional en tu campo, trabajar muy duro capital en el ecosistema emprendedor. y no tener miedo al fracaso. Antes o después, llega el momento de la victoria, la cuestión ¿QUÉ PRECIO QUIERES PAGAR? es que cada uno tiene que preguntarse qué Pilar Manchón puede presumir de ser una de precio está dispuesto a pagar para conseguirlo”. las pocas españolas que ha triunfado en Silicon Otra española que sabe lo que es ser mujer Valley, donde llegó al frente de su empresa, y trabajar en una empresa de Silicon Valley Indisys, en busca de capital. Era el año es la directora comercial de eBay para 2012 y esta sevillana tuvo la suerte Europa, Susana Voces, que cree de que una multinacional como que es una industria todavía Intel se fijase en ella y la com- dominada por hombres. prase. “El cambio fue radical, “Hay que pasamos de ser una startup de trabajar duro y UNA MAYOR 20 personas a formar parte de conciliación una compañía de 100.000.” no tener miedo Para esta profesional de di- Sobre si Silicon Valley tie- al fracaso” latada experiencia, es cierto ne un problema de igualdad, Pilar Manchón que el porcentaje de mujeres Manchón explica que antes de directivas allí sigue siendo me- llegar allí no era consciente de ello. nor que el de los hombres, “pero “Una vez allí vi que era algo evidente, eso está empezando a cambiar. Existen creo que son necesarios planes de acción que ejemplos muy notorios como el de Marissa ataquen la raíz del problema. Lo positivo es Mayer en Yahoo! o nuestra antigua CEO, Meg que están saliendo a la luz testimonios de Whitman, ahora en HP, que ayudan mucho. mujeres valientes que hacen que sea cada vez En paralelo se están produciendo cambios más difícil ignorarlo.” Sobre los consejos que culturales en el mundo empresarial que con- daría a esas mujeres que quieren triunfar en tribuyen a consolidar el papel de la mujer en Silicon Valley, Pilar Manchón lo tiene claro: la empresa. Como la conciliación familiar o “Que arriesguen. Yo no soy de las personas que esa generación de mujeres, entre las que me se sientan a esperar que la oportunidad les caiga incluyo, que están dispuestas a no renunciar FUN&PLEASURE Un trabajador de Google, en el campus que la empresa tiene en Silicon Valley. TE SENTIRÁS COMO EN CASA Salas de relax, masajes, bibliotecas, cocinas con todo tipo de alimentos (ecológicos, claro) o bebidas energizantes. Así son la mayoría de las empresas que forman el conglomerado tecnológi- co que es Silicon Valley. En el caso de Google, su campus, situado en Mountain View, está abierto las 24 horas del día con comida y gimnasio gratis para todos sus empleados.
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