75190 Caswaname 13/06/02 16:20 Side 289

Pakistan

Main Objectives support a small number of vulnerable urban non-Afghan refugees pending their resettlement UNHCR’s initial objectives were to support or repatriation. the voluntary repatriation of Afghan refugees; protect and assist new arrivals and work with After the events of 11 September, UNHCR’s objec- the Government on establishing joint screening tives were modified to include advocacy of an open committees for those in need of international border policy, emergency assistance to refugees protection; continue limited community-based fleeing Afghanistan, including the setting up of assistance in refugee villages, mainly for health, new camps, and co-ordination of the international education and water, with maximum refugee relief effort for the Afghan refugees. participation; conduct skills-training and literacy classes for refugee women; provide a rapid Impact response to the protection needs of a limited number of vulnerable Afghan refugees for whom • UNHCR provided protection support to some resettlement may be the only viable solution 1.5 million refugees as well as clean water, basic (women-at-risk and refugees with security prob- health services, education and other types of lems); and work with a network of NGOs to assistance in 203 refugee villages.

UNHCR Global Report 2001 – 289 able cross into Pakistan. UNHCR estimates that Afghans some arrived 250,000 during in the ﬁnal Pakistan months year, of fleeing the the military cam- paign, insecurity and deteriorat- antici- In conditions. economic ing pation of a huge refugee outﬂow the Government identified 112 possible new sites for camps, each of them with a minimum capacity of 10,000 persons. constraints on the development of The main the camps were land UNHCR forced case one in (which disputes to abandon a camp after having already invested significant basic assistance in the villages, UNHCR also tried to assistance provide to well-established refugee refugees who arrived in the year 2000 squatting in and the makeshift Jalozai were refugee camp in unsatisfactory conditions. After repeated calls for their relocation to more Government suitable finally locations, gave the UNHCR permission transfer these to refugees to new camps. In May, the Tripartite Repatriation of up to 100,000 indivi- to facilitate the return agreed Commission duals from Pakistan to immediately Afghanistan. registered the UNHCR refugees who wanted to go home (starting with the refugees New Jalozai living and Nazir Bagh in settlement), however the repatriation did not actually start due until to July, prolonged discussions about the food this, to aid Due package. repatriation the of component and to the events following September 11, only a fifth of the number targeted went back Afghanistan to during 2001. WFP’s own (or 21,000 people) shortage of resources only allowed it to package, i.e. 150kg wheat instead half the standard provide of 300kg. In an effort to offset this reduction, and the steady devaluation of UNHCR the increased Pakistani the rupee, repatriation Rs grant 5000 to Rs 6000. from The international coalition’s military strikes against Afghanistan had a marked effect environment on the in working Pakistan. As Afghans homes fled and their massed at UNHCR the called for border open to borders the Government agreed to Eventually, let Pakistan, the for vulner- all refugees. ) Available Expenditure USD ( 2 Available 1 Total Total Of whom Per cent Per cent Persons of Concern 2,198,800 1,509,000 53 59 Income and Expenditure 1 Annual Programme Budget and Supplementary Programme Budget Budget Contributions Revised Income from Other Funds Funds Total Total – UNHCR Global Report 2001 UNHCR UNHCR provided assistance to 20,790 Afghans who returned to their home country. UNHCR brought over 77,000 refugees recent arrivals (some and some who opted to relocate from the urban areas) to new camps and provided them with basic relief items, healthcare and education for the children. All refugees from the makeshift Jalozai refugee with locations appropriate more to moved camp better services. More than 134,000 children went to some 400 UNHCR-funded schools (eight per cent more than in 2000). UNHCR assisted local NGOs with a one-time contribution in the form materials of and primary supplies for school 9,000 refugee children who arrived September. after 11 Refugees could access healthcare through 133 health units. Male and health workers female acted as community a bridge between the community and the health units. Includes income from contributions restricted at the country level. at the country contributions restricted Includes income from earmarked contributions, unearmarked or broadly Includes allocations by UNHCR from do not include costs at Headquarters. The above figures According to the Government,According the number of Afghans is estimated to be some 3,3 million opening balance and adjustments. ABSBTOTAL1 21,078,6812 35,203,309 14,124,628 11,206,383 21,723,988 10,517,605 6,467,599 14,547,407 8,079,808 17,673,982 36,271,395 18,597,413 16,952,370 27,555,448 10,603,078 1 Afghanistan (Refugees) Main Origin/ of PopulationType in Country UNHCR assisted Female under 18 290 Working Environment Working The Context Pakistan hosts one of the largest refugee popula- million 0.8 around to addition In world. the in tions survive who estimate) (Government refugees urban without assistance, 1.5 around million live refugees of Some UNHCR. by maintained villages refugee in these refugees have been in Pakistan decade. for In over addition a to providing protection and • • • • • •

Pakistan 75190 Caswaname 13/06/02 16:20 Side 290 Side 16:20 13/06/02 Caswaname 75190 75190 Caswaname13/06/0216:20Side291 75,222 refugees had settled in the new camps. new the in settled had refugees 75,222 25 sites were selected and by the end of the year, over overcome, were difficulties most However, sources. water from distance and access security,resources), those in need of international protection. international of need in those all for committees screening joint establishing on However, Government the mandate. with work to continued protection UNHCR its out carry to difficultincreasingly it found progressed,UNHCR ing intoPakistanforeconomicreasons. As theyear not fleeingfightingin Afghanistan, butwere cross- Government maintained that the new arrivals were The documents. identification or possess residence not valid did who men young single of cially espe- harassment, and arrests widespread tions, deporta- to led climate changing The 2001. of start the at deteriorated for Afghans conditions Asylum Protection andSolutions Achievements andImpact 2002. to over carried were purpose this for received funds strikes, military the following suspended were activities repatriation all as ever, How- significantly. improved situation funding the and launched, was appeal new a Afghanistan against strikes military the After arrivals. new the to for assistance proper budget provide to order its in Pakistan increase to UNHCR forced year the of beginning the at refugees of influx new The Funding activities. UNHCR of some of implementation the hamper to continued concerns security though al- improved, soon situation security the However, basis. voluntary a on evacuated were staff UNHCR of dependants all Practically area. the in all activities of suspension a to led October early in Quetta in Offices UNHCR and UNICEF the on attacks The After 11 September, the security situation worsened. refugees. Afghan involved which of some violence, sectarian of instances region.Therewerealso whole the affecting drought prolonged the of effects the by aggravated concern, major a remained ployment Conditions in the country remained difficult. Unem- Constraints ot dl ltrc ad erdcie elh pro- audience. female a towardsgearedare grammes health reproductive and literacy adult Most girls. for were clubs sports 47 of out remote21 areas. tribal including places of number a recreational in and activities sports in girls involve to efforts Welfaremade Social Cell The girls. for were groups 64 consisted of women, and 78 out of 162 child-to-child Committees, Welfare Social 112 of out theless, Never- Pakistan. in communities refugee Afghan in with- tackle to difficult remain issues equity gender As the example of girls’ enrolment in schools shows, the into community.wider disabilities with children and integrating attendance school improving well-being, psycho-social improving labour, child and preventing discouraging health, improving on focused all organisations welfare youth and groups” cent “adoles- groups, “child-to-child” boys’ and Girls’ locations. different 50 in up set UNHCR that ing socio-cultural of school- home-based the in because participate could norms schools public to want to not go did or who Older women total. and the girls married of third one exceed not did enrolment school girls’ schools, primary in girls of significant increases in Despite the enrolment and retention partners. NGO seven of staff the awareness among promoting and were training children through of met needs protection specific The attention. UNHCR’s to cases ment resettle- of number a brought which Afghans, able vulner- assist to project a established NGOs local February, In USA. New and Sweden Norway, Chile, Zealand, Canada, Australia, to resettlement for accepted were people 3,000 than more Overall, tled, women at risk were the majority (66 per cent). were temporarily suspended. Of the refugees reset- activities resettlement and dramatically situation changed the however, autumn, the In Pakistan. from people 10,000 resettle to aimed had September, UNHCR 11 to Prior resettlement. for referred were protection physical and legal of need in gees Women atrisk,familyreunification casesandrefu- them with special assistance. special with them provide to order in areas urban in and villages gee identified vulnerable Afghan refugees both in refu- Services: Community Activities andAssistance NC lblRpr 01– UNHCR GlobalReport2001 omnt srie staff service Community 291

Pakistan 75190 Caswaname 13/06/02 16:20 Side 292

Domestic Needs/Household Support: Families transferred to the New Shamshatoo camp and 1,000 families in Baluchistan received a full set of domestic items. Following massive floods in Jalozai in May/June, a special distribution of quilts/blankets was carried out to complement a number of private donations. Private donations played an important role throughout the years as both local and international donors provided substan- Afghan refugees near Peshawar. UNHCR / P. Benatar tial quantities of relief goods for the refugees. Operational Support (to Agencies): UNHCR covered the cost of operational support for various Education: Fifty-four new schools were established agencies implementing activities in the sectors of (bringing the total number of schools to over 400) health, education, water, legal assistance and Pakistan and informal education opportunities were community services. brought to an estimated 175 Afghan street children working on the streets of Peshawar. Handicapped Sanitation: In the old refugee sites, sanitation faci- and vulnerable children and young people in the lities were maintained and there was an overall camps could also attend home-based schools or improvement of the health status of refugees. In participate in skills training programmes. 130 Jalozai and New Shamshatoo, sanitation was students had a chance to attend higher education improved through the construction of latrines and through a scholarship programme. Most chose to washrooms, but drainage and waste collection study medicine, agriculture or engineering. remained unsatisfactory.

Food: WFP was responsible for providing the main Shelter/Other Infrastructure: Tents were distri- food ration to 105,500 refugees in New Shamshatoo buted in New Shamshatoo to all families transfer- and Jalozai, and to new arrivals. UNHCR provided ring from Jalozai and Nasir Bagh. Following the supplementary food consisting of wheat, soya September events, 85,440 additional tents were blend and sugar through Basic Health Units to all procured; 41,000 were then distributed (the those requiring it: mostly children under five, preg- remaining stock to be distributed in 2002). In addi- nant and lactating women and elderly people. tion, an implementing partner constructed 1,200 mud-brick houses. Health/Nutrition: All refugees living in the old refugee villages and the new sites had access to Transport/Logistics: Relief items were transported preventive and curative health services. from central warehouses to refugee villages. Inland transportation, storage fees and clearing and hand- Legal Assistance: This sector covered the registra- ling charges on all incoming relief items were tion of new applications for refugee status by covered. Many of the relief items for Afghan Afghans and non-Afghans and legal assistance refugees and internally displaced Afghans were given to asylum-seekers and refugees in precarious transported through Pakistan. security or legal situations. Staff hired by UNHCR also conducted refugee status determination inter- Water: While the objective was to supply 25 litres of views, and made assessments and recommenda- water per person per day, refugees received on aver- tions on individual cases, based on country of ori- age 18 litres per person per day due to the drought gin research and information. and the falling water table, as well as frequent break- downs of a 20-year-old water distribution system.

292 – UNHCR Global Report 2001 75190 Caswaname13/06/0216:20Side293 and Implementation Organisation tary repatriation. tary volun- large-scale for prospects and input tarian humani- robust encompassing framework policy a mise solutions. The year ended with the shaping of compro- frequently albeit out, worked were tions nued presence of Afghan refugee neighbours, solu- conti- the of resentment local growing and fatigue tary strikes) posed new challenges. Despite asylum mili- the after then and year; the of beginning the (at refugees of influxes new two The approaches. different of succession a to adjust of to had Pakistan Government the with relationship UNHCR’s for one difficult and Afghan refugees inPakistanandoneduringwhich turbulent a was year The Overall Assessment leadership. invaluable provided Coordinator Resident UN the September 11 after sister agencies was useful throughout the year, and UN of collaboration The sectors. more or one for responsibility taking agency each with sibilities, as a model. This entailed a clear division of respon- hailed was camp Shamshatoo New for established system co-ordination The year. the of quarter last the during emergency the to respond to and ties activi- planned all out carry to partners NGO and UNHCR worked closely with the Government, UN Working withOthers a response.emergency joint ensure to closely co-operated Iran of Islamic Republic the and Afghanistan UNHCR Pakistan, The in region. offices the in programs country emergency, with a view to harmonizing the various the as appointed UNHCR Regional Co-ordinator for the Afghanistan was Afghanistan for Mission gramme was 25. In the autumn of 2001, the Chief of (including pro- regular the under officers) regional and posts JPOs, international of number the total however, Afghanistan, in crises the of result year,the of course the during fluctuated levels a as Staffing offices. field two and country Islamabad in office the through managed were Operations Management e eesr t se apoa fr hi local their for approval integration. seek to may necessary it case be which in apply, not do these options whom two to refugees few very a be however may There repatriation. or resettlement through preferably refugees, non-Afghan the for solutions durable find to necessary effortsbe Continued will UNICEF UNDP Deutsche GesellschaftfürTechnische Zusammenarbeit Others Union AidforAfghanRefugees TEARFUND Save theChildren SaYYED JamaluddinAfghaniWelfare Organisation Pakistani RedCross Society OXFAM (UK) Ockenden International Mercy CorpsInternational Kuwait JointReliefCommittee INTERSOS RescueCommittee International ReliefCommittee International CatholicMigrationCommission International Human SurvivalandDevelopment Health NetInternational Handicap International Frontier PrimaryHealthCare Environment Protection andPromotion Programme Danish CommitteeforAidtoAfghanRefugees CONCERN Church World Service Basic EducationandSkillsTraining Agency forConstructionandDevelopment Afghan MedicalWelfare Association Afghan ConstructionandLogisticsUnit laFaim Action Contre NGOs AreasMinistry ofStatesandFrontier RegionsandNorthern Partners Quetta Peshawar Islamabad Offices NC lblRpr 01– UNHCR GlobalReport2001 293

Pakistan ) USD ( Current Year’s Projects Year’s Current Projects Prior Years’ Annual Supplementary Annual Financial Report Financial Programme Programme Programme – UNHCR Global Report 2001 CancellationsOutstanding 31 December to Accounts: reference which cross Figures (1) Annex to Statement 1 (3) Schedule 3 (5) Schedule 5 1,380,100 4,320,974 5,701,074 0 (3) 0 0 0 (5) 322,900 (5) Unliquidated Obligations Outstanding 1st JanuaryNew ObligationsDisbursements 0 16,952,370 15,572,270 10,603,078 27,555,448 6,282,104 0 21,854,374 (1) (3) 0 955,914 633,014 (5) 0 (5) Reporting ReceivedBalanceOutstanding 1st JanuaryRefunded to UNHCR AdjustmentCurrency Outstanding 31 December 5,639,013 137,579 2,837,872 0 2,837,872 5,776,592 1,655,722 0 1,655,722 0 4,493,594 0 4,493,594 0 0 3,110,002 0 0 (2,841,436) 31,630 0 3,316,109 398,204 (44,839) TOTAL 16,952,370 10,603,078 27,555,448 (1) (3)633,014 Unliquidated Obligations 16,952,370TOTAL 10,603,078Instalments with Implementing Partners 27,555,448Payments Made (1) 1,380,100 4,320,974 5,701,074 (3) 8,476,885 1,793,301 10,270,186 0 (5) 268,566 Water AccountsTransit Instalments with Implementing PartnersSub-total Operational Support Programme Sub-total Disbursements / Deliveries 2,837,873 1,655,722 15,572,270 4,493,595 6,282,104 13,737,845 17,955 21,854,374 1,834,425 5,670,675 221,351 (3) 19,408,520 611,429 (2,841,436) 0 19,134 2,445,854 633,014 240,485 17,955 (5) 612,707 20,307 200,348 0 Legal Assistance Agencies)Operational Support (to SanitationShelter / Other Infrastructure / LogisticsTransport 563,405 159,066 664,901 944,723 722,471 78,124 33,259 82,174 244,187 743,025 977,982 135,381 26,498 217,555 219,139 270,685 69,177 15,448 55,502 1,401 Community Services SupportDomestic Needs / Household EducationFoodHealth / NutritionIncome Generation 897,883 2,647,133 256,542 3,545,016 3,376 2,284,894 2,443,996 259,918 601,513 0 58,204 4,814 0 2,448,810 2,284,894 604 0 98,073 58,808 0 756,904 1,414,068 0 11,489 Protection, Monitoring and Co-ordinationProtection, 2,219,757 907,564 3,127,321 11,081 Expenditure BreakdownExpenditure Budget Budget Total notes Budgets notes 294

Pakistan 75190 Caswaname 13/06/02 16:20 Side 294 Side 16:20 13/06/02 Caswaname 75190