Security Council Distr.: General 26 July 2012
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Country of Origin Information Report Syria June 2021
Country of origin information report Syria June 2021 Page 1 of 102 Country of origin information report Syria | June 2021 Publication details City The Hague Assembled by Country of Origin Information Reports Section (DAF/AB) Disclaimer: The Dutch version of this report is leading. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands cannot be held accountable for misinterpretations based on the English version of the report. Page 2 of 102 Country of origin information report Syria | June 2021 Table of contents Publication details ............................................................................................2 Table of contents ..........................................................................................3 Introduction ....................................................................................................5 1 Political and security situation .................................................................... 6 1.1 Political and administrative developments ...........................................................6 1.1.1 Government-held areas ....................................................................................6 1.1.2 Areas not under government control. ............................................................... 11 1.1.3 COVID-19 ..................................................................................................... 13 1.2 Armed groups ............................................................................................... 13 1.2.1 Government forces ....................................................................................... -
Syria Sitrep October 28
Syria Situation Report: October 28 - November 10, 2020 1 Oct. 29 - Nov. 1: ISIS Continues Assassination Campaign against Leaders 5 Nov. 4 - 7: ISIS Attack Cells May Have of Security and Governance Institutions in Eastern Syria. ISIS claimed the Strengthened in Aleppo Province. ISIS claimed assassination of the director of the oil department within the Syrian Democratic Forces responsibility for an improvised explosive device (IED) (SDF)-supported Deir e-Zor Civil Council in al-Sabha on October 29. Possible ISIS that killed a commander of the Turkish-backed Faylaq militants attempted and failed to assassinate Abu Khawla, the head of the Deir e-Zor al-Sham in al-Bab on November 4. ISIS militants Military Council in Hasakah city, Hasakah Province, on November 1. ISIS also claimed detonated an IED in al-Bab on November 7, killing three the assassination of Commander Hafal Riad of the Kurdish Internal Security Forces in Free Syrian Police officers. On the same day, ISIS Markadah, Hasakah Province, on the same day. claimed responsibility for an IED that killed one and injured an unknown number of people in 2 Nov. 2: Iranian-affiliated Militiaman Shamarikh. This amount of Confesses Plot to Degrade Security Situation 4 Qamishli ISIS activity is unusual in by Assassinating Key Figures. Authorities Turkish-controlled Aleppo arrested Radwan al-Hajji when he attempted to 5 Province and may indicate assassinate Hammouda Abu Ashour, the leader of Manbij increased capabilities in the the Al-Furqan Brigade, in Kanaker, Damascus 5 Hasakah region or that ISIS is transitioning Province. Al-Hajji revealed a list of 17 Kanaker 1 this area to an attack zone. -
Deraa Province: Conflict Dynamics and the Role of Civil Society
Conflict Research Programme Deraa Province: Conflict Dynamics and the Role of Civil Society Sohaib al-Zoabi April 2020 2 Deraa Province: Conflict Dynamics and the Role of Civil Society 1. Executive Summary 2015 had taken control of the majority of Deraa is known to be the cradle of the the two southern provinces of Deraa and Syrian uprising of 2011. There were many Quneitra. The situation remained largely reasons for the province’s increased unchanged until the De-escalation popular resentment against the political Agreement of May 2017, which led to a regime in Syria, including the regime’s relative decrease in the intensity of hardline security policies; its monopoly of violence, and included all southern areas. the public sphere in the interest of a tight However, the situation shifted rapidly once circle of local middlemen directly linked again at the end of June 2018, when the with the security apparatus; the continued Syrian regime, backed by the Russian tightening of the margin of basic freedoms; forces, began a brutal military campaign and the uneven development between against Deraa. This campaign ended in Deraa’s rural and urban areas. what is known as the Deraa Reconciliation The protest movement in the Deraa Agreement of June 2018, between the province is distinct given the role played by opposition forces and the regime, carried Deraa city in the uprising, which preceded out under the direct oversight of Russia. the involvement of the surrounding rural This agreement stipulated return of the areas. whole southern area to regime control, with the integration of opposition military The peaceful nature of the uprising in factions into the Russian-backed Fifth Deraa helped to strengthen of the civil Corps. -
Territorial Control Map - Southern Front - 20 Feb 2017 Eldili Southern Fronts (SF) & Islamic Groups (IG)
Territorial Control Map - Southern Front - 20 Feb 2017 Eldili Southern Fronts (SF) & Islamic Groups (IG) Nawa Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade - ISIS Syrian Regime and Allied Militias Saidah Recently Captured by SF/IG Abu Hartin Ain Thakar Izraa Recently Captured by ISIS Buser al Harir Information Unit Information Al Shabrak El Shykh sa´ad Tasil Al Sheikh Maskin Melihit Al Atash Al Bunyan Al Marsous Adawan Garfah Military Operation Room Nafa`ah Israeli occupation Jamlah Ibtta Nahtah - Southern Front Factions, Islamic Opposition & Sahem El Golan Aabdyn HTS Launched (Death over Humiliation) Battle Al Shajarah Jillin Housing Daraa City, & captured Most of Al Manshia Alashaary Mlaiha el Sharqiah Baiyt Irah Jillin Dael El Sourah District & capturing part of the highway that lead Elmah Al Hrak Hayt Mlaihato (Customs el Garbiah Crossing Border), postponing by that Al Qussyr Tafas Khirbet Ghazaleh any Syrian Regime attempts to Re-Open it. Zaizon - First OfficialAl Darah reaction from Jordan Government Muzayrib Al Thaala was closing 90 KM of its borderAl Suwayda with Daraa & Quneitra against everyone, even injured civilians. Tal Shihab El Karak Western Ghariyah Al Yadudah Eastern Ghariyah - Military Operations Center (MOC) reaction was Athman putting pressure on Southern Front Factions to stop the battleUmm Wald or at least participating in it. Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade Elnaymah Al Musayfrah Daraa Saida Jbib Attacks on Opposition Kiheel Al Manshia - 20 Feb 2017 (Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade - ISIS) El SahoahLunched a new battle against Southern Front Custom Border Om elmiathin Factions & OtherKharaba Islamic Groups. Al Jeezah - Technically ISIS Attacks on the Opposition El Taebah Al Ramtha controlled areas is more dangerous for the Irbid Nassib Ghasamnearby countries.Mia`rbah Nasib Border - ISIS controlled areas not more than 213 km² & share borders with bothBusra "Jordan & Israeli Occupation areas in Syria". -
Consejo De Seguridad Distr
Naciones Unidas S/2012/667 Consejo de Seguridad Distr. general 20 de diciembre de 2012 Español Original: inglés Cartas idénticas de fecha 23 de agosto de 2012 dirigidas al Secretario General y al Presidente del Consejo de Seguridad por el Representante Permanente de la República Árabe Siria ante las Naciones Unidas Siguiendo instrucciones de mi Gobierno y en relación con mis cartas de fechas 16 a 20 y 23 a 25 de abril, 7, 11, 14 a 16, 18, 21, 24, 29 y 31 de mayo, 1, 4, 6, 7, 11, 19, 20, 25, 27 y 28 de junio, 2, 3, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17 y 24 de julio, y 1, 2, 8, 10 y 14 a 16 de agosto de 2012, tengo el honor de trasmitirle adjunta una lista pormenorizada de las violaciones del cese de la violencia cometidas por grupos armados en la República Árabe Siria desde la noche del domingo 12 de agosto de 2012 hasta la del lunes 13 de agosto de 2012 (véase el anexo). Le agradecería que tuviera a bien hacer distribuir la presente carta y su anexo como documento del Consejo de Seguridad. (Firmado) Bashar Ja’afari Embajador Representante Permanente 12-66083 (S) 271212 281212 *1266083* S/2012/667 Anexo de las cartas idénticas de fecha 23 de agosto de 2012 dirigidas al Secretario General y al Presidente del Consejo de Seguridad por el Representante Permanente de la República Árabe Siria ante las Naciones Unidas [Original: árabe] Violations committed by the armed terrorist groups between 2000 hours on 12 August 2012 and 2000 hours on 13 August 2012 Place Time Violations committed by armed terrorist groups and result thereof 1. -
Ongoing Chemical Weapons Attacks in Syria
A NEW NORMAL Ongoing Chemical Weapons Attacks in Syria February 2016 SYRIAN AMERICAN MEDICAL SOCIETY C1 Above: Bab Al Hawa Hospital, Idlib, April 21, 2014. On the cover, top: Bab Al Hawa Hospital, Idlib, April 21, 2014; bottom: Binnish, Idlib, March 23, 2015. ABOUT THE SYRIAN AMERICAN MEDICAL SOCIETY The Syrian American Medical Society (SAMS) is a non-profit, non-political, professional and medical relief orga- nization that provides humanitarian assistance to Syrians in need and represents thousands of Syrian American medical professionals in the United States. Founded in 1998 as a professional society, SAMS has evolved to meet the growing needs and challenges of the medical crisis in Syria. Today, SAMS works on the front lines of crisis relief in Syria and neighboring countries to serve the medical needs of millions of Syrians, support doctors and medical professionals, and rebuild healthcare. From establishing field hospitals and training Syrian physicians to advocating at the highest levels of government, SAMS is working to alleviate suffering and save lives. Design: Sensical Design & Communication C2 A NEW NORMAL: Ongoing Chemical Weapons Attacks in Syria Acknowledgements New Normal: Ongoing Chemical Weapons Attacks in Syria was written by Kathleen Fallon, Advocacy Manager of the Syrian Amer- A ican Medical Society (SAMS); Natasha Kieval, Advocacy Associate of SAMS; Dr. Zaher Sahloul, Senior Advisor and Past President of SAMS; and Dr. Houssam Alnahhas of the Union of Medical Care and Relief Or- ganizations (UOSSM), in partnership with many SAMS colleagues and partners who provided insight and feedback. Thanks to Laura Merriman, Advocacy Intern of SAMS, for her research and contribution to the report’s production. -
Algemeen Ambtsbericht Syrië Juni 2021
Algemeen Ambtsbericht Syrië juni 2021 Pagina 1 van 112 Algemeen Ambtsbericht Syrië | juni 2021 Colofon Plaats Den Haag Opgesteld door Afdeling Ambtsberichten (DAF/AB) Pagina 2 van 112 Algemeen Ambtsbericht Syrië | juni 2021 Inhoudsopgave Colofon ....................................................................................................... 2 Inhoudsopgave ............................................................................................. 3 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 5 1 Politieke en veiligheidssituatie .................................................................... 7 1.1 Politieke en bestuurlijke ontwikkelingen ........................................................... 7 1.1.1 Regeringsgebied ........................................................................................... 7 1.1.2 Gebieden niet onder regeringscontrole. ........................................................... 12 1.1.3 Covid-19 .................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Gewapende actoren ..................................................................................... 15 1.2.1 Regeringsstrijdkrachten ................................................................................ 16 1.2.2 Veiligheidsdiensten in gebieden onder controle van de Syrische regering .............. 16 1.2.3 Veiligheidsdiensten in gebieden onder controle van andere actoren ..................... 18 1.2.4 IS -
Security Council Distr.: General 2 August 2012
United Nations S/2012/572 Security Council Distr.: General 2 August 2012 Original: English Identical letters dated 24 July 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council Upon instructions from my Government, and following my letters dated 16-20 and 23-25 April, 7, 11, 14-16, 18, 21, 24, 29 and 31 May, 1, 4, 6, 7, 11, 19, 20, 25, 27 and 28 June, 2, 3, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17 and 24 July, I have the honour to transmit herewith a detailed list of violations of cessation of violence that were committed by armed groups in Syria on 17 July 2012 (see annex). It would be highly appreciated if the present letter and its annex could be circulated as a document of the Security Council. (Signed) Bashar Ja’afari Ambassador Permanent Representative 12-45048 (E) 100812 130812 *1245048* S/2012/572 Annex to the identical letters dated 24 July 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council [Original: Arabic] Tuesday, 17 July 2012 Rif Dimashq governorate 1. At 1430 hours on 16 July 2012, approximately 60 armed terrorists carrying military rifles and rocket-propelled grenades mounted an attack on the Darayya district administration building and police station. They opened fire and threw hand grenades onto the roof of the building, damaging it and the police station but no personnel were hurt. -
S/2021/282 Security Council
United Nations S/2021/282 Security Council Distr.: General 22 March 2021 Original: English United Nations Disengagement Observer Force Report of the Secretary-General I. Introduction 1. The present report provides an account of the activities of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) for the period from 20 November 2020 to 20 February 2021, pursuant to the mandate set out in Security Council resolution 350 (1974) and extended in subsequent Council resolutions, most recently resolution 2555 (2020). II. Situation in the area of operations and activities of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force 2. During the reporting period, the ceasefire between Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic was generally maintained, despite several violations of the Agreement on Disengagement between Israeli and Syrian Forces of 1974. The overall security situation in the UNDOF area of operations was volatile, with continued military activity in the areas of separation and limitation, in violation of relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolution 2555 (2020). 3. In employing its best efforts to maintain the ceasefire and ensure that it is scrupulously observed, as prescribed in the Disengagement of Forces Agreement, UNDOF reports all breaches of the ceasefire line that it observes. All incidents of firing across the ceasefire line as well as the crossing of the ceasefire line by individuals, aircraft and drones constitute violations of the Agreement. In its regular interactions with both sides, the leadership of UNDOF continued to call upon the parties to exercise restraint and avoid any activities that might lead to an escalation of the situation between the parties. 4. -
Security Council Distr.: General 20 August 2020
United Nations S/2020/813 Security Council Distr.: General 20 August 2020 Original: English Implementation of Security Council resolutions 2139 (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017), 2401 (2018), 2449 (2018), 2504 (2020) and 2533 (2020) Report of the Secretary-General I. Introduction 1. The present report is the sixty-eighth submitted pursuant to paragraph 17 of Security Council resolution 2139 (2014), paragraph 10 of resolution 2165 (2014), paragraph 5 of resolution 2191 (2014), paragraph 5 of resolution 2258 (2015), paragraph 5 of resolution 2332 (2016), paragraph 6 of resolution 2393 (2017), paragraph 12 of resolution 2401 (2018), paragraph 6 of resolution 2449 (2018), paragraph 8 of resolution 2504 (2020), and paragraph 3 of resolution 2533 (2020), in the last of which the Council requested the Secretary-General to provide a report at least every 60 days, on the implementation of the resolutions by all parties to the conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic. 2. The information contained herein is based on data available to agencies of the United Nations system and obtained from the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic and other relevant sources. Data from agencies of the United Nations system regarding their humanitarian deliveries have been reported for June and July 2020. II. Major developments Key points 1. The Syrian economy continued to exhibit signs of extreme fragility, including a volatile exchange rate and high inflation, deepening the vulnerabilities of populations across the country. After falling to its lowest recorded rate on the informal market in June, the Syrian pound regained some of its value; however this did not translate into price reductions for basic commodities. -
Security Council Distr.: General 17 September 2012
United Nations S/2012/433 Security Council Distr.: General 17 September 2012 Original: English Identical letters dated 11 June 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council Upon instructions from my Government, and following my letters dated 16-20 and 23-25 April, 7, 11, 14-16, 18, 21, 24, 29 and 31 May and 1, 4, 6, 7 and 11 June 2012, I have the honour to attach herewith a detailed list of violations of cessation of violence that were committed by armed groups in Syria on 8 June 2012 (see annex). It would be highly appreciated if the present letter and its annex could be circulated as a document of the Security Council. (Signed) Bashar Ja’afari Ambassador Permanent Representative 12-51172 (E) 240912 260912 *1251172* S/2012/433 Annex to the identical letters dated 11 June 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council [Original: Arabic] Friday, 8 June 2012 Rif Dimashq governorate 1. At 2030 hours on 7 June 2012, an armed terrorist group opened fire on the battalion headquarters of the border guard forces in Yabrud. 2. At 2130 hours on 7 June 2012, an armed terrorist group opened fire on two guard posts at the Nasiriyah pumping station. 3. At 2215 hours on 7 June 2012, an armed terrorist group attempted to steal from the oil pipeline and opened fire on the Jubb Marhaj and Shurayqi guard posts in Burayj. -
Optimization of a Metformin Effervescent Floating Tablet
ORIGINAL ARTICLES Faculty of Pharmacy1, Arab International University, Ghabaghib, Daraa, Syrian Arab Republic; Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics2, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle/Saale, Germany Optimization of a metformin effervescent floating tablet containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and stearic acid M. Rajab 1, M. Jouma 1, R. H. Neubert 2, M. Dittgen 1 Received July 10, 2009, accepted August 3, 2009 Mazen Rajab, P.O.BOX: 1401, Damascus, Syria Pharmazie 65: 97–101 (2010) doi: 10.1691/ph.2010.9233 This study optimizes the composition of an effervescent floating tablet (EFT) containing metformin hydrochloride (M) regarding tablet hardness (H), time to dissolve 60% of the embedded drug (t60%), and buoyancy, the floating lag time (FLT). A simplex lattice experimental design has been used comprising different levels of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), stearic acid (SA), sodium bicarbonate (SB) as tablet matrix components, and hardness (H), t60%, FLT as response variables. Two models have been applied to decide which composition will result in Fickian diffusion or in overlapping of two dissolution mechanisms, diffusion and matrix erosion. Three of EFT showed the two dissolution mechanisms but most of EFT showed Fickian diffusion only. Checking the experimental response by a linear, quadratic, special cubic and cubic model using multivariate regression analysis resulted in best fit for the cubic model. Over- laying the results for the cubic model under constraints defined shows the domain of accepted values of response variables. The optimized EFT shall have been included HPMC between 15.6% and 24.2%, SA between 12.8 and 15.6% and SB between 16.1% and 17.5%. The result of this study has been critically evaluated considering analogous EFT described in literature.