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IAEME Publication IAEME Publication www.iaeme.com (Publishers of High Quality Peer Reviewed Refereed Scientific, Engineering & Technology, [email protected] Medicine and Management International Journals) [email protected] INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE (IJA) www.iaeme.com/ija/index.asp Journal Impact Factor (2016): 1.2210 Calculated by GISI (www.jifactor.com ) ISSN Print : Applied ISSN Online : Applied Official Acceptance of Research Paper Paper ID: IJA/03/01/2017/IJA_13631 Date: 23-Mar-2017 Dear Shroq Omar Mohammed We would like to inform you that your paper titled “A Study on the History and Development of the Shanghai Mosques :Study Case Songjiang Mosque, Pudong Mosque, Xiaotaoyuan Mosque” has been accepted for publication in International Journal of Architecture (IJA), Volume 03, Issue 1, (January-June 2017) issue of the journal based on the Recommendation of the Editorial Board without any major corrections in the content submitted by the researcher. This letter is the official confirmation of acceptance of the paper. Also you are requested to send the required Documents and Publication formalities as early as possible. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International) License. (CC BY-NC 4.0). Hence no need to send the Copyright form. Your research paper will be appearing in IJA, Volume 3, Issue 1, January-June 2017. International Journal of Architecture (IJA) Journal Impact Factor (2016): 1.2210 Calculated by GISI ISSN Print: Applied ISSN Online: Applied Review Comments are attached along with the mail. Kindly send the Publication fee of $ 300/- (Online and Print ) which includes online publication of paper, two printed copy of journal to the corresponding author, indexing of paper in more than 20 search engines and publication certificate. You can transfer the money and send the scan copy of payment made evidence through e-mail. Plot: 03, Flat- S 1, Poomalai Santosh Pearls Apartment, Plot No. 10, Vaiko Salai 6th Street, Jai Shankar Nagar, Palavakkam, Chennai - 600 041, Tamilnadu, India. Mobile: +91-9884798314, E-mail: [email protected] IAEME Publication www.iaeme.com (Publishers of High Quality Peer Reviewed Refereed Scientific, Engineering & Technology, [email protected] Medicine and Management International Journals) [email protected] Account Details Account Number 1911683597 Name of the Account IAEME Publication Bank Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd Branch T. Nagar Branch Address of the Bank Ground Floor, Shree Essarar Towers, 41 Venkatnarayana Road, T. Nagar, Chennai - 600017, Tamil Nadu , India Type of Account Current Swift Code KKBKINBB IFSC CODE KKBK0000468 MICR CODE 600485008 Otherwise kindly send the money through Western Union Money Transfer to Arthi Gandhimathi , Payable at Plot: 03, Flat- S 1, Poomalai Santosh Pearls Apartment Plot No. 10, Vaiko Salai 6th Street, Jai Shankar Nagar Palavakkam, Chennai- 600 041 Tamilnadu, India, Mobile: +919884798314 Kindly provide the code number of Western Union money transfer Kindly acknowledge the Paper acceptance. Thanks and looking to receive the payment from your side at the earliest. Thank you. Yours Sincerely, Prof. Dr. S. Balasubramanian, Ph.D, DSc Chief Editor IAEME Publication Plot : 03, Flat- S 1, Poomalai Santosh Pearls Apartment Plot No. 10, Vaiko Salai 6th Street Jai Shankar Nagar Palavakkam, Chennai- 600 041 Tamilnadu, India, Mobile: 09884798314 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.iaeme.com Plot: 03, Flat- S 1, Poomalai Santosh Pearls Apartment, Plot No. 10, Vaiko Salai 6th Street, Jai Shankar Nagar, Palavakkam, Chennai - 600 041, Tamilnadu, India. Mobile: +91-9884798314, E-mail: [email protected] A Study on the History and Development of the Shanghai Mosques : Study Case Songjiang Mosque ，Pudong Mosque and Xiaotaoyuan Mosque 1 Shroq Omar Mohammedi，Dongmei Zhaoii，Shixing Liuiii Abstract：Islam architecture forms a distinctive architectural style. The impact of mosques in every era of the Islamic civilization shows a distinctive architectural character in terms of form and ornaments. Islam is the religion of simplicity and “Fitrah” (human nature), but mosques have gained all the attention in the location, construction and architecture because of its famous function for the religion, which makes mosques more distinct from all other buildings. Mosque buildings varied in East and the West in Muslims and non-Muslims countries, due to the circumstances, customs, traditions, materials and construction methods of each country. China is one of the non- Muslim countries in Asia. Islam came to Shanghai in 1275 from Yuan Dynasty and was affected by trade trips for Islam and openness of cultures and it migrated to a significant impact on the Islamic architecture in Shanghai. Today Shanghai has heritage and became historically diversified in Islamic architecture. Historical and social factors which influenced the mosques evolution in Shanghai was studied and analyzed which represents the most important periods in the history of Islamic architecture in Shanghai. These mosques were compared with a similar model mosque from an Arab country. Key words：Chinese architecture；Islamic architecture；Shanghai mosques 1 The paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The project approval number: 51508322 1. Islamic religion in the world Although Islam was founded 1,300 years after Buddhism and Christianity it has rapidly spread and developed throughout the world, creating a brilliant Islamic culture occupied in the history of world civilization in an extremely important position. There are currently more than 90 countries in the world with about 800 million people who are Muslims. That Islam is a religion, but also with a strong social and political set up. There are 42 countries around the world of Islamic as the state religion. To respect the country's political, economic, ideological, and cultural dominance plays an important role. Especially in Central Asia, West Asia and North Africa and many other places. The word Islam is Islam Arabic transliteration, meaning "submissive" or total submission to the will of Allah. To examine the Arab etymology, the word Islam from "Cerato eye" or "blue color" (Salam), is intended to peace, and therefore Islam, also known as the religion of peace. Islam advocates for all Muslims, regardless of the clan, and color. All Muslims are brothers. 2. The definition of mosque : Masjid or mosque or house of worship for Muslims, which imposes five daily obligatory prayers are held. Others call it the mosque because it is a place to worship God, and called on the mosque also collector's name, especially if it was great. Often called the name «collector» because it brings people to perform Friday prayers in which every mosque and not every mosque, also called Chapel name instead of a mosque at the performance of some of the five obligatory prayers the name does not make commitment like chapels schools, institutions, companies and travel routes and others that often with limited prayers, according to the current time period. Calling for prayers in the mosque through the athan is calling people for prayers five times a day. Shanghai is located in the center of the mainland in the estuary of the Yangtze River; as partners with Jiangsu and North West Frontier Province coast, and share with the southern border of Zhejiang Province, Shanghai Huangpu River divides the territory into two parts. Can Shanghai Tourism for tourism and to enjoy the beautiful scenery and see the tremendous developments that have characterized it, and the best time to visit is March, April, September, and October. The weather is mild and beautiful as the temperature rises in July and August. The number of population in Shanghai is31,300,000, as in 2003 - approximately 16,500,000 without the population of the suburbs. 3.Geographical location of shanghai: Shanghai is China's biggest city and most important. It is located at the southern end of the bay where the Yangtze River flows into the Pacific Ocean, near 30 degrees north latitude, the first of dozens of big Chinese cities, which exceeds the number of inhabitants of each one million people. Given the availability of its natural conditions, economic and historical adequate stability and reproduction, and then for growth and prosperity, moderate, such as climate and abundance of water resources and soil fertility in the coastal plain surrounding, Shanghai city first became China's present economic, social and political city. Its port is today the largest port and important for the country's foreign trade movement. There are heavy manufacturing industries, which includes a full range of iron and steel, automobiles, bicycles, electrical appliances, cameras and textile factories centers, especially silk, focus and development of many of the old industries that China impressed the world, as an industry paper, silk, porcelain, China is famous historical country dating back more than four thousand years. In 1921 the Chinese Communist Party was founded, which has been the ruling party of the country since then. In 1997 it opened the World Conference of the International Chambers of Commerce, which was attended by more than 1,000 banks and business owners and economists from 74 countries. The mosques tradition for various activities in the Chinese Muslim community centers, and is known for the history of Muslims in China’s internal migration as a result of many reasons, whereby they built mosques as centers of worship, Now there are many mosques estimated to be about 23 thousand but mosques at the metropolitan is estimated to be 7000 120 Mosques. The government has been helping only recently. The number of mosques in China is now more than 30 thousand according to the latest local statistics, and they are distributed unevenly throughout China, each with a long history, kept the Islamic architecture of the Arab and Turkish character of the original Persian, and some are mixed with the Chinese character, and some of them the other clung to the ancient Chinese architectural character of all, especially the ones of old mosques.
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