September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24939 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ARMS RACE RESOLUTION ty are often more visible than signs of hope. Recent studies reveal that during the We are called to see beyond our own limited period from 1978 to 1982 conventional arms HON. BOB EDGAR horizons, to view the world through the transfer agreements between developing eyes of Christ. countries and the arms suppliers have to OF PENNSYLVANIA When, as Christ's people, we see the taled $120 billion. The non-Communist IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES burden of the arms race on the creation, on world has accounted for $76 billion of this nations, and on all peoples, we are com Tuesday, September 20, 1983 total, the Communist world $44 billion. The pelled to renew our commitment to achiev Soviet Union has sold $33 billion and the •Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, this past ing disarmament in ways that will guaran United States, $30 billion. While sales and week I received-as did all my congres tee the peace, security, and integrity of all agreements vary from year to year, the sional colleages-a most powerful and peoples. trend has been ever upward. Each super Numerous aspects of the arms race, with compelling resolution on the many di far-reaching implications for our own socie power has its preferred clients, depending mensions of the arms race. It comes ty and the whole world, challenge us in this on its ideological and strategic interest. from the general assembly of the Pres witness. There are factors that disturb the For the merchants the arms trade has the byterian Church U.S.A. The assembly stability of societies, that alter the physical deceptively easy appearance of being "good is the highest governing body of the environments in which we live, that deplete business" because the focus is on the imme church which has a membership of limited economic and natural resources, diate realization of high profits, not on the that heighten the risks and broaden the pa long-range impact of the arms race on socie over 3 million. It is a representative ju ty. Costs e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor.
11-059 0-87-22 (Pt. 18)
:"' - 24940 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 3. Military· research and development the administration, or even to enjoin the 1. Renews its efforts to seek an end to the moneys reflect diversion of resources from government to adhere to the law on the nuclear arms race by: purposes that could be more constructive grounds that the court cannot make politi a. Reaffirming its endorsement of a bilat and beneficial for the whole human family. cal determinations or rule on the foreign eral verifiable freeze on the testing, produc The consequences are numerous and pro policy powers of the President. tion, and deployment of nuclear weapons, found: In the Third World such a diversion Further, the decision-making exigencies of missiles, and new aircraft designed primari can severely inhibit economic development. strategic nuclear war often foreclose even ly to deliver such weapons; For the United States, caught in economic congressional participation as constitution b. Commending those synods, presbyter stagnation with slow economic growth, the ally required in matters related to war. ies, and congregations that have endorsed economic diversion restricts development in The military-industrial orientation of our the Bilateral Nuclear Weapons Freeze and the consumer and production sectors of our economy, with its heavy social costs, weak encouraging other governing bodies and society. ens the social structures designed to provide congregations to consider prayerfully en Militarily, the technological race stimu for the general welfare. The military "ne dorsing and taking additional supporting ac lates the general arms race because it fos cessities" take priority over civilian need tions; ters a continuing cycle of competitive devel particularly when congresspersons are so c. Calling upon the administration to opment, duplication, and counterdevelop susceptible to pressures from the military resume negotiations on a Comprehensive ment among the different national contest industrial complex. Test Ban Treaty, to take the place of the ants. As a consequence, the pattern further Militarism is difficult to sustain in a nor existing Limited Test Ban Treaty; depersonalizes the decision-making process, mally open and democratic society. There d. Calling upon our government in the ab as technology forces us into an ever-increas fore, it appears that a climate of fear and sence of a Bilateral freeze to initiate a sus ing reliance on the computer and on other distrust is systematically cultivated in order pension of nuclear testing for a specific time automated responses. We are moving toward to justify the economic burden. A democrat period, thereby offering a challenge to the a "launch on warning" stage in the nuclear ic society cannot long survive without full Soviets to a reciprocal suspension, while ne arms race. This dehumanizes people by participation by its constituents, reasonable gotiations on a Comprehensive Test Ban treating them as expendable or as if they patterns of accountability, and essential Treaty are under way; were machines. Both weapons of mass de levels of trust. e. Calling upon the government of the struction and antipersonnel weapons surpassed that United Presbyterian Church in the United of NASA for the first time. The Air Force without them. has also created a new space command, and States of America, Part I, Confession of b. Resuming negotiations on conventional space shuttle operations may increasingly 1967, Part II, Section A, 4, b; Part III C9.45 arms transfer agreements with the Soviet and 9.53>; and become military in purpose. Finally, the Whereas Peacemaking: The Believers' Union and initiating them with other sup temptation to place military attack and de Calling reminds us that the church bears plier countries. fense systems in orbit will be great whether witness to Christ when it nourishes the c. Prohibiting "coproduction" and "licens these involve antisatellite weapons, nuclear moral life of the nation for the sake of ing" agreements with Third World countries orbital-bombing systems, or laser and parti peace in the world; and for the manufacture of arms. cle-beam weapons. Whereas the anns race continues unabat d. Coupling restrictions on arms transfers We are on the verge of a new, dangerous, ed, with its many facets shaping our fu to Third World countries with economic de and destabilizing space war race and are tures: a continuous buildup in nuclear weap velopment incentives to those countries re therefore faced with a new challenge: Can onry and delivery systems at the expense of stricting the arms now. we stop the race before it begins? We know domestic programs; a burgeoning interna 3. Urges the government to work toward that ending it, after it has begun, will be tional arms trade involving the most sophis the reallocation of resources and personnel next to impossible. The 1967 Outer Space ticated of weapons, with increasing and crip engaged in military research and develop Treaty, ratified by both the United States pling costs to developing countries; an ever ment, both public and private: and the Soviet Union, is known to be inad more consuming preoccupation of the scien a. By reordering its own budgetary prior equate to stop a "space wars" scenario be tific and engineering community with spe ities, shifting from military research and de cause it does not cover new and emerging cifically military research and development velopment to research and development re technologies. Talks with the Soviet Union at the expense of humanitarian goals; a con lated to energy. environmental, health, and on this issue have been suspended since scious shifting of the arms race into space, agricultural concerns. 1979 and as yet no current forum exists for which was previously reserved for peaceful b. By planning for conversion on a nation controlling or preventing this next expan development; and al level from military production to con sion of the arms race. Whereas the consequences of these devel sumer and capital growth needs, and assist CONCLUSION opments appear to be an ever-increasing ing local communities and industry in simi All of these developments in the anns race threat to the democratic values and struc lar planning. foster the militarization of American socie tures of our society, as well as an ever-grow 4. Recommends that each presbytery ty, weakening the very democratic fabric of ing threat to the peace of the world; peacemaking network undertake out of a our society. Evidences of this should be Therefore, the 195th General Assembly concern for persons and their jobs an exam clear: The requirements of military secrecy <1983) of the United Presbyterian Church in ination of the conversion issue as it relates in all areas limit the right of the people to the United States of America, believing that to the specific community, involving civic, know and, thus, to form educated opinions. a just peace requires the rejection of milita corporate, labor, and religious leaders. This denies them the ability to participate rism as the basis for security and as the or 5. Calls upon the administration to sign adequately in the democratic process either ganizing force for social order and the rejec and the Congress to ratify the United Na directly or through their representatives. tion of war as an instrument for obtaining tions Convention on Inhumane Weapons This is also reaffirmed by the courts, which national goals, renews its call for an end to and Its Protocols. essentially say that the people have no the arms race in all of its dimensions. 6. Calls upon the government to reverse standing to gain access to military informa In so doing, the 195th General Assembly the trend toward the militarization of space tion, to challenge the political decisions of (1983): by September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24941 a. Resuming the negotiations on the anti that then Monsignor Pataki was desig for his own." All of these gentlemen satellite treaty and expanding negotiations nated by His Holiness Pope John Paul are associated with thriving busi with the Soviet Union and other countries II, as a bishop of the titular see of Tel nesses. to prohibit any introduction into space of military hardware other than passive tech misso and named auxiliary to the Most I shall not attempt to repeat all of nology. Reverend Michael J. Dudick of the the accomplishments of these men. No b. Prohibiting the use of the space shuttle Byzantine Catholic Diocese of Passaic mere mortal could do that. Rather, I for military operations other than passive in on June 14, 1983. insert an article from the Huntsville nature. On August 23, the papal mandate Times by Karen Middleton that sums 7. Calls upon Presbyterians to study the was fulfilled with the Episcopal ordi up some of the highlights of their il multiple issues related to the arms race and nation of Bishop Andrew Pataki, lustrious lives: to remain active in their public witness for J.C.L., in St. Peter's Cathedral, Scran The article follows: the sake of peace in our world. 8. Directs the Co-Stated Clerks to convey ton, Pa. [From the Huntsville Times, Sept. 14, 19831 these concerns to the President of the It is a privilege and an honor for me, Mr. Speaker, to take these few min FOUR AREA LEADERS HONORED BY NATIONAL United States, the Secretary of State, and ORGANIZATION the members of Congress. utes to bring this happy and momen 9. Further, the 195th General Assembly tous occasion to the attention of my <1983 > requests the theological institutions friends and colleagues in the House Four area and national leaders were hon of the Presbyterian Church and the and to wish Bishop Andrew Pataki ored here Tuesday evening by the National Presbyterian College Union to report to the 196th General Assem "outstanding contributions to brother bly <1984) of the Presbyterian Church cated service to God and man.e hood." their consideration of the United Receiving the organization's "Brother Presbyterian Church's military-related in FOUR AREA LEADERS HONORED hood Award" at its annual North Alabama vestments guidelines.e awards dinner were Maynard Layman, as BY CHRISTIANS AND JEWS sistant to the publisher of the Decatur Daily; William H. Mitchell, president of the ORDINATION OF BISHOP HON. RONNIE G. FLIPPO First National Bank of Florence; Leroy A. PATAKI IN SCRANTON, PA. OF ALABAMA Simms, editor and publisher of the Hunts ville Times, and Frank S. Wyle of Los Ange IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES les, chairman of the board of Wyle Labora HON. FRANK HARRISON Tuesday, September 20, 1983 tories. OF PENNSYLVANIA Layman served as a cotton adviser to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES e Mr. FLIPPO. Mr. Speaker, I want to make special note today of four out secretaries of agriculture in both the Ken Tuesday, September 20, 1983 nedy and Johnson administrations and he standing leaders from my district who was instrumental in cash markets for farm e Mr. HARRISON. Mr. Speaker, on were recently honored by the National produce, thereby helping to relieve poverty Tuesday, August 23, the people of the Conference of Christians and Jews for in Alabama. In accepting his award Layman diocese of Passaic, N.J., and, indeed, their outstanding contributions to said, "Few have known the strong help of all of the people of God rejoiced in the brotherhood. hands that I have known.... My heart is Episcopal ordination of the Most Rev Receiving the organization's nation filled and happy and grateful." Mitchell is past president of the Alabama erend Andrew Pataki. Bishop Pataki al "Brotherhood Award" were May Bankers Association, was chairman of the was born in Palmerton, Pa., on August nard Layman, assistant to the publish industrial expansion committee in Florence 10, 1927, the son of the late Ignatius er of the Decatur Daily; William H. and has been active in the United Way. Well Pataki, Sr., and Sophie Dejak. Follow Mitchell, president of the First Na known for his family's advocacy of inter ing graduation from Central Catholic tional Bank of Florence; Leroy A. faith unity in the Florence community, High School in Allentown, Pa., he en Simms, editor and publisher of the Mitchell said, "I accept this award with hu rolled in St. Vincent's College at La Huntsville Times; and Frank S. Wyle mility and gratitude to both our family and trobe. In 1944, he began studies for of Los Angeles, chairman of the board friends from whom we happily inherited the tradition of brotherhood so beautifully es the priesthood and entered St. Proco of Wyle Laboratories. poused by this organization." pius College-Seminary, Lisle, Ill., from One could fill 100 CONGRESSIONAL Simms, whose career in journalism began which institution he was graduated in RECORDS with the accomplishments in the 1920s, joined The Huntsville Times as 1948. He completed theological studies and honors received by this distin editor in 1961. In the award presentation, he at the Byzantine Catholic Seminary of guished group. If a hall of fame for was cited by Decatur Daily Publisher Bar SS. Cyril and Methodius, Pittsburgh, civic service is ever established for my rett Shelton for having guided the paper to and was ordained to the priesthood in direct, these four distinguished Ameri journalistic excellence; for serving as a the Seminary Chapel by the Most cans will certainly be charter mem member of a three-man committee that worked quietly in the 1960s in Huntsville to Reverend Daniel Evancho, Exarch of bers. preserve racial harmony and assure oppor Pittsburgh, on February 24, 1952. However, knowing these men as I do, tunities for employment, education and Following extensive pastoral work, there is no doubt in my mind that for housing for all citizens; for his work with the then J.1ather Pataki was assigned every public honor and recognition United Way, and for serving as a prime sup to pursue graduate studies in canon they receive, there are countless thou porter and fund-raiser for the University of law at the Pontifical Institute for Ori sands of good deeds they do daily for Alabama in Huntsville. Simms said in ac ental Studies in Rome. He subsequent their fell ow men which go unreported. cepting his award, "This is the greatest night of my life." ly received both a bachelor and a li That is the way they would want it, Wyle, who was introduced by Patrick W. centiate degree in canon law from the because that is the kind of men they Richardson, founded Wyle Laboratories in Gregorian University in Rome. are. They seem to have the attitude 1949. Richardson said the contributions of He was appointed by His Holiness that if anyone finds out about their the Huntsville operations of Wyle's compa Pope Paul VI as a consultor on the good deeds, they do not count. ny to the community and UAH were a sig Pontificial Commission for the Revi As long as I can remember, these nificant factor in the city's development as sion of the Eastern Code of Canon men have been at the forefront of my a technical and scientific center. Wyle, who Law, a project which consumed 5 district, promoting brotherhood, un said he was "deeply honored to accept this award," was also cited for his lifelong record years, from 1973 to 1978. During that derstanding, justice, and equality. Un of ethical and equitable business practices time, on December 21, 1974, he was fortunately, I was not blessed with and for helping to establish a major elevated to the rank of prelate of knowing Mr. Wyle as well as the museum of folk arts and crafts in Los Ange honor by His Holiness Pope Paul VI. others. les. It is thus after a distinguished A wise man once said, "The more W. F. Sanders Jr. presided at the awards career, as a pastor and canon lawyer, one gives to others, the more he has dinner.e 24942 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 CAMP SPRINGS COMMUNITY merical Workers and has grown to be The store will be about a mile south of GARDEN PROJECT the largest union in Santa Clara Bernalillo on the west side of U.S. 85 in the County, representing nearly 8,500 midst of the pueblo cropland. workers. Eventually Sandia hopes to enter the HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT wholesale vegetable market and supply Al OF MARYLAND Local 428's history is one of service buquerque stores with fresh produce. Next IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to our community. They identify a year, the pueblo plans to expand its farming need, organize, and mobilize their operation to 50 acres. "There's a lot of po Tuesday, September 20, 1983 membership to deal with the commu tential to go bigger," Baca said. • Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, as we ap nity problem. For instance, housing Eris Wenk, operator of Wenk Farm, an 80- proach the harvest season, I would for our senior citizens has for many acre South Valley vegetable market, is not like to give credit to the Camp Springs years been a very real problem in disturbed at the prospect of new competi United Presbyterian Church, its mem Santa Clara Valley. Local 428 spon tion. bers and volunteers, who for the past 5 sored and developed Casa del Pueblo, a "There's a lot of room for competition in 165-unit housing complex for low the vegetable business. There's not that years have sponsored a program, many people who are willing to put in the under the chairmanship of Mr. Calvin income senior citizens. The United seven days a week it takes to do it," he said. Ditrick, which is worth of emulation Food & Commercial Workers Union "I'm happy to see they want to do that kind the Camp Springs Community Garden was one of the first labor organiza of stuff." Project. tions in the United States to be in To date, the Wenk Farm and a Corrales Under the project, people with home volved in this type of worthy project. vegetable farm run by Gus Wagner have gardens donate excess produce to the Congressman MINETA and I salute been the only major retail outlets for fresh church. Some of these vegetables and local 428 for its devotion to communi garden produce, and neither one offers a fruits are sold at a produce stand by ty service and involvement. A list of you-pick option. volunteers. A part of the proceeds of the truly outstanding leaders of the "There's a big demand for fresh vegeta local over the years is a sample of the bles," Wenk said, "but there's a limit to the sales is given to needy families to what one farmer can do. I think it'd be real assist them in starting and maintain illustrious history of the labor move good for the whole community to have more ing their own gardens. The remainder ment in Santa Clara County-Jim people do that." of the money is distributed to three McLaughlin, Dave Reiser, and George Baca declined to release the dollar value charitable agencies at the local level. Soares. Local 428 is to be congratulat of the investment which the pueblo and the The produce which is reserved from ed on their 50 years of growth and federal Housing and Urban Development sale is distributed to families identified their contributions to all of our citi Administration have made in the pueblo zens.e project, conceived a year ago. It now em by clergymen in the community. I ploys eight people. want to recognize Mr. Ditrick and his The farm is a row-crop operation, drawing volunteers for this practical approach U-PICK-IT VEGETABLE FARM irrigation waters from a well and the Middle to helping their fell ow man with what Rio Grande Conservancy District irrigation could have become wasted surplus HON. BILL RICHARDSON system. Farm workers are using tractors, a food.e cultivator and a transplanter to till their OF NEW MEXICO fields, Baca said. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The pueblo had hoped to open its store LOCAL 428 CELEBRATES 50TH Tuesday, September 20, 1983 this month, but a late frost in May delayed ANNIVERSARY the expected harvest. e Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, it The Housing and Urban Development Ad is during these times of high unem ministration must approve the lowest bid on HON. DON EDWARDS ployment that all of us must use some the construction before the pueblo can sign OF CALIFORNIA ingenuity in creating new job opportu a contract with the bidder, but Baca said he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nities. I believe the Sandia Pueblo In is hopeful that the contract will be signed by the end of the week. Tuesday, September 20, 1983 dians in my congressional district have done just that with the formation of e Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. their U-pick-it vegetable farm. INDIAN FARM ENTERPRISE Speaker, together with Congressman This new employment opportunity is The men of Francisco Vasquez de Corona NORM MINETA, 1 am pleased to bring to starting out small but has the poten do's expendition into New Mexico in 1540 the attention of my colleagues the tial to strengthen the local economy spent a winter at a pueblo not far from the 50th anniversary of local 428 of the by creating new jobs in the area; while present lands of Sandia Pueblo, and un United Food & Commercial Workers offering neighbors the chance to buy doubtedly borrowed, begged, bought or stole Union. This fine labor organization's fresh, low-cost vegetables. more than a few ears of corn and squash history is entwined with the history gourds from the friendly local inhabitants. Mr. Speaker, I hope my colleagues Pueblo Indians were farmers when the and development of Santa Clara will take the time to read the follow first Europeans arrived, and farming has County. ing editorial and article about this continued at Sandia Pueblo to the present. Local 428 was originally established project that recently appeared in the Now, in 1983, the farmers of Sandia as the Retail Clerks Union in 1910, but Albuquerque Journal, a daily newspa Pueblo are making a move to get into the was wiped out in the 1920's. In the per in my district: business of providing foodstuffs to non-Indi 1930's a group of sales workers again ans in a big way, with the building of a SANDIA PuEBLo PLANS To ENTER PRODUCE farmers' market outlet on pueblo lands just began to organize and the Retail Store BUSINESS Employees Union, Local 428 was re south of Bernalillo. It appears to be a logical business endeav chartered on October 27, 1933. The Sandia Pueblo officials will open construc or for a small pueblo which for years has union's early activities centered tion bids this afternoon for a new retail veg sought out economic activities that could around the struggle to secure the 8- etable market that will compete with other bring employment to its people within the hour day for retail salespersons. Once Albuquerque farm-produce outlets. bounds of the tribal lands. this goal was achieved, local 428's lead The store, Sandia U-Pick-It, is scheduled If the tribe's ambitious marketing plans ership turned to the problems of work to open next month, according to Fred are successful, Sandia Pueblo farming could ing conditions and wages. In the 1950's Baca, grants coordinator for the project. become a major employer on the reserva the union helped to pioneer the first The market will offer chili, corn, squash, tion. employer paid health and pension watermelon, tomatoes and a variety of other And garden-fresh produce from just north vegetables-all grown on 20 acres the pueblo of Albuquerque would indeed be fresher plans in the industry. As a result of began cultivating this year. than that trucked from Arizona, California, the merger of the Butcher & Retail Customers will have the option of picking or Mexico. Clerks International Unions, local 428 their own vegetables, if they want, to get Other fresh vegetable farmers in the was renamed the United Food & Com- them at reduced prices. Middle Rio Grande Valley say they welcome September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24943 the pueblo's entry into the field, saying to the United States. We in California peared in the Arizona Republic. The there's demand enough for all. are particularly proud of the historic article, which was written by the news We hope and expect they're right. And Hispanic presence and conscious of the the benefits extend beyond the dinner table. paper's publisher, Darrow Tully, was Any economic activity that turns dollars current role of Hispanics in the right on target and the author is to be around in the immediate area instead of present and future development of our commended. sending them out of state helps build the State. I urge my colleagues to read the arti strength of the local economy. As a nation whose strength lies in its cle. Sandia Pueblo's vegetable market could ethnic diversity, Hispanic culture has WEST BANK, GOLAN HEIGHTS INDISPENSABLE help do Just that.e been a vital influence on all aspects of TO ISRAELI SECURITY American life. Hispanos, however, are (By Darrow Tully, Publisher, The Arizona MAKE LEBANON STAY just beginning to assume their rightful Republic> INDEFINITE role in our political life. JERUSALEM.-The most widely accepted I am proud to represent a sizable yet military axiom continues to be, "Take the HON. TOM LEWIS diverse Hispanic community. The high ground and hold it." latest report of the Census Bureau in That is precisely what Israel did by occu OF FLORIDA dicates that almost 14 percent of the pying the Golan Heights and part of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES population of my congressional dis West Bank. Tuesday, September 20, 1983 trict are of Hispanic origin. This is a The Golan Heights and the West Bank group whose leadership is rising to share an important common denominator •Mr. LEWIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, they're both indispensable to Israel's securi it is important that we make it crystal meet the tremendous challenges posed ty. clear to all nations of the United to the growing Hispanic community The Golan was part of the proposed States' resolve in Lebanon since it ap striving for advances in every phase of Jewish state under the original 1948 United pears inevitable that the decision will its life. Nations partition plan. The area constitutes be made for us to maintain a presence The vast potential of Hispanics is a plateau about 45 miles long rising from there. fast becoming reality as Hispanics 600 feet high in the south to 9,000 feet in I would prefer the establishment of assume critical roles in many business, the north where it borders Syria, Lebanon educational, and professional fields, as and Jordan. a multinational peacekeeping force When Israel was established in 1948, the under the auspices of the United well as in the political arena. Syrians invaded and occupied the Golan. States. That, of course, is not practical I welcome this development, as well After the treaty of 1949, Syria agreed to a considering there is little doubt the as the growing influence of Hispanics demilitarized Golan but then refused to Soviet Union would veto such a pro in the political process. enter into peace negotiations with Israel posal on behalf of its client nations My district has seen the recent addi and repeatedly sh,elled and terrorized such as Syria. tion of another able Hispanic in local Jewish villages beneath the heights. History tells us that tranquility in politics-Mr. Ruben Abrica was recent The area contiguous to the border was one ly elected a member of the city council of unceasing military activity culminating in Lebanon is nonexistent. The strife and an attempt to divert the waters of the turmoil are fueled daily by countless of the newly-incorporated city of East Banias and Hazbani Rivers, principal tribu Moslem and Christian splinter sects Palo Alto. Mr. Abrica typifies the long taries of the Jordan River, which flows into and the presence of three armies, two awaited trend toward the involvement the Sea of Galilee and is Israel's main water police forces, and a multitude of mili of committed Hispanics who are supply. tias and political parties. taking their places as leaders in the On June 5, 1967, Israel launched a pre Since that commitment cannot be American political system. emptive military action against Syria, successful if tied to a capricious time The impact of increased involvement Jordan and Egypt. of Hispanics in our political process It's difficult for people not familiar with table, I oppose any established time the geography to understand the necessity limit. cannot be overstated. With a nation of a pre-emptive strike. Distances are not No nation in the world should be wide population estimated at 16 mil comparable to anything in the United aware of when we intend to withdraw. lion, of whom 64 percent are under the States. That only dilutes the effectiveness of age of 29, the Hispanics clearly will Consider for example, Phoenix threaten our presence. Furthermore, we should come to play an increasingly impor ing Tempe as Egypt did Israel on May 17, not bind ourselves to time constraints tant role in our country's future. I am 1967. if the purpose of our mission in Leba pleased that we can take this occasion &yria already had proclaimed that "the to recognize and honor this vital time has come to enter into the battle of lib non is to keep the peace or to be a eration." forthright symbol of legitimacy for group.e Distances are measured in thousands of the Lebanese Government. yards or in terms of eight to 10 miles. Reac And while our marines remain in GOLAN HEIGHTS AND WEST tion time to a surprise attack is nil. Lebanon, they should have the abso BANK CRITICAL TO SECURITY In an incredible military action, Israeli lute freedom to defend themselves. forces scaled highly fortified positions in in Their presence there is not to fight, accessible terrain to secure the Golan. but if their positions are fired upon, HON. ELDON RUDD I stayed in a kibbutz just under the OF ARIZONA former Syrian gun emplacements, and it is then our marines should use any inconceivable that Israel could have taken means to protect and defend their po IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES any other action than it did when it an sitions and their lives.e Tuesday, September 20, 1983 nexed the Golan area in 1981. No conscientious government could put • Mr. RUDD. Mr. Speaker, from a de citizens under those emplacements again. HACIA AL FUTURO and the West Bank are essential to the shed blood twice for that hard-won ground. security of Israel. Both make up the The West Bank is a different matter. HON. TOM LANTOS high grounds that surround the nation Whatever absurd political expediencies that led to the original division of Palestine were OF CALIFORNIA and which are so critical to the mili tary strategy of any country. Without and still are unworkable. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them, Israel becomes an easy target Only the Israelis actively supported the Tuesday, September 20, 1983 creation of a Palestinian state by virtue of for any of its enemies. support of the United Nations partition res •Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, the cele Last week, one of my constituents olution. bration of National Hispanic Heritage called my attention to an article on Here again, we have the specter of hostile Week gives us an opportunity to re the importance of the Golan Heights forces occupying high ground all around Je flect on the contribution of Hispanics and the West Bank to Israel that ap- rusalem. 24944 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 Israel captured the West Bank from Committee-for going out of her way to get [From the New York Times, Sept. 13, 19831 Jordan during the Six-Day War. "hands-on" experience with the military The West Bank was seized by Trans equipment which her Committee authorizes SI QUIERE PROMOVER ENGLISH Jordan during the 1948 war of independ each year. The trouble with much "bilingual" educa ence. The Israelis claim with some legal jus Byron, for example, has flown over 12 tion is that it isn't bilingual. Too often it's a tification that Israel liberated the West major military aircraft since 1979-includ program to teach children math, social stud Bank and has every right to encourage set ing the F-15, F-16, B-52, B-1, A-10, F-lllA, ies and science in their native language tlers to emigrate there. AH-64, and the UH-60A. without any genuine effort to help them Secretary of State George Shultz has ac Byron is also the first woman nonpilot to function in English as soon as possible. knowledged that "Israeli settlers had a legal have flown both the F-18 and the Navy's That moving children into English in right to live in the occupied West Bank of new Hawk trainer. In recent months, she struction is desirable should be beyond the Jordan River." has taken time Cher weekends) to fly the A- debate. Whatever the transitional value of Regardless of whether Shultz is right teaching them in a native language, English about the legal status of the settlements, 6 and the F-14. To do that, Byron had to be is the essential skill for anyone expecting they're there to stay. checked out in water survival training be opportunity in the United States. "Bilin Don't think of a settlement as a group of cause both flights were catapult shots off gual" programs are worthy of Federal subsi cabins or some backward outpost. Many are the aircraft carrier USS Kennedy. dy only so long as achievement in English is small cities complete. with all the amenities To Reps. Beverly B. Byron CD-MD> and their true aim. that make life not only bearable, but pleas Nicholas Mavroules -for spending That is the principle that would be reaf ant. their July 4th holiday visiting with the US firmed by a bill the Reagan Administration You can see most of Jerusalem from a 24th Marine Amphibious Unit stationed in has submitted to Congress. It would let local couple of these settlements, and only a fool Lebanon. And, Marines who were there tell school systems decide how best to achieve would turn that ground over to a hostile us, both asked intelligent, relevant, and im the goal. But it would stop requiring that neighbor. portant questions throughout their visit.e youngsters be taught in their native tongue. The real problem facing Israel is under Such native-language training may or may what jurisdiction can Palestinians and Israe not be helpful to pupils also busily learning lis live in peace. BILINGUAL EDUCATION NEED English. The available research is inconclu I will explore several alternative in subse NOT BE THREATENED BY NEW sive. But the proposed law would stop deny quent columns and also share interviews APPROACHES ing Federal aid to districts that choose to with differing Israeli and Palestinian points immerse them in mostly English studies. of view.e Flexibility in approach was the clear HON. MARIO BIAGGI intent of Congress 15 years ago when it passed the Bilingual Education Act to sup REPRESENTATIVE BYRON OF NEW YORK port any "new and imaginative" program BUILDS ON INTERESTS AND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for non-English speaking students. Only EXPERIENCE . gradually was the statute bent to require Tuesday, September 20, 1983 teaching in native languages. The Health, e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I wish to Education and Welfare Department's Office HON. G. V. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY bring to the attention of my col of Civil Rights insisted in 1970 on "special assistance" for non-English speakers. The OF MISSISSIPPI leagues a recent editorial from the Supreme Court upheld its guidelines and di IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES New York Times which eloquently rected schools to create special programs in states the current debate surrounding Tuesday, September 20, 1983 foreigh languages. In 1975, the civil rights our bilingual education programs. office directed that districts had to develop e Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, As a member of the House Educa "bilingual" programs; an all-English pro during the recent work period, three tion and Labor Committee and a sup gram no longer qualified for support. members of the House Armed Services porter of bilingual education, I believe The bilingual programs have probably Special Subcommittee on Arms Con that today's bilingual education pro been useful in many situations. They are trol, headed by Maryland's Represent thought to have helped many immigrant grams are often hampered by restric children adapt to a new culture at their own ative BEVERLY B. BYRON, conducted a tive methods of teaching children Eng pace. They ended the often cruel practice, 10-day swing through Europe and the lish. As the Times points out, profi particularly in the Southwest, of letting Mediterranean area to study various ciency is not always the goal of these Mexican-American students move uncom aspects of East-West arms negotia programs. In fact, in 1977, I authored prehendingly through school, falling far tions. In observing her responsibility an amendment to the reauthorization behind because they were learning neither as chairperson of that special subcom of the program which required that English nor the subject matter in Spanish. mittee, Representative BYRON stated: But all too often, bilingual programs pay teachers be proficient in English. only lip service to the goal of making stu Arms control cannot be isolated from an Amazingly, it was revealed at that effective U.S. deterrent. Deterrence is not dents proficient in English. Some teachers just bluff; it is a perceived capability, cou time that not all teachers could read in the programs are themselves inadequate pled with an understood commitment to use and write proficiently in the very same in English. Students are often kept in non our retaliatory forces against key elements language that they were supposed to English classes longer than necessary. The of Soviet power. foreign-language teachers and bilingual be teaching their students. managers have developed a vested interest In this regard, her attention to I fear that we have not come very in preserving their enrollments. They often detail has not only gained the respect far since that time. We continue to exaggerate the difficulty or damage of rush of her constituents, but also the mili hear the same complaints about bilin ing youngsters along in English. tary. gual education. We continue to face A study for the Twentieth Century Fund Mr. Speaker, the Armed Forces the same opposition from groups this year went so far as to urge the Federal Journal includes a regular column which feel that by allowing greater Government to stop supporting bilingual education. It argued for "immersion" in titled "Darts & Laurels." In the Sep flexibility in the program-we are English language study and special help in tember 1983 issue of the above publi somehow turning our backs on chil other subjects when needed. Most educators cation, in that column, Representative dren that need English-language in seem to consider that the soundest ap BYRON is given laurels which are well struction. proach to educating children for life in deserved. At this point, I include the Nothing could be further from the America. · column and call this to the attention truth. I remain a supporter of the pro The virtue of the Administration's bill is of my colleagues. gram and hope that the administra that it does not even try to resolve this edu [From the Armed Forces Journal tion's bill as well as all others in this cational argwnent. Far from ellminating·bi International, September 19831 lingual programs, as its critics charge, the area will receive close consideration by bill would make proficiency in English a pri DARTS & LAURELS Congress during the reauthorization mary requirement for bilingual ·teachers, To Rep. Beverly B. Byron , three of the Bilingual Education Act in 1984. refine the requirements for evaluating bilin- term Member of the House Armed Services The article follows: gual programs, and let school districts . September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24945 decide whether their non-English speakers how the subject matter might be under technological and a moral revolution were are best served by "immersion" courses or stood. First, I want to give you some sense thus joined. transitional training in native languages. of my interpretation of the historical back Unhappily, as we know, the past few years For those who honestly hope to promote ground of the present set of problems. have seen a sharp change in mood. While learning in English, that seems the wisest Second, I want to suggest some general there still remains considerable zeal and jus course.e moral guidelines that I think might be help tification for the improvement of health ful in trying to understand the problems. and reduction of risk, a number of impor Then, finally, I would like to say something tant realities have emerged to force a much LIMITED HEALTH CARE RE about how one might apply those guidelines more complex, and troubled, understanding SOURCES: ETHICAL IMPLICA to a sample of pressing contemporary policy of our present situation and our future pos TIONS OF OUR CHOICES decisions. sibilities. Three general factors have Beginning approximately with the Second emerged to change the perspective and to World War, mankind made an enormous move the discussion to a different plane. HON.EDWARDJ.MARKEY discovery. If enough research money were The first factor is economic, the second OF MASSACHUSETTS spent, and if enough resources were devoted technological, and the third moral. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to medical care delivery, the health of The economic factor encompasses a Tuesday, September 20, 1983 human beings could be radically improved. number of elements. Even prior to our Indeed, human illness, which previous gen present economic troubles there were some •Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, one of erations had accepted as a matter of fate, nagging worries about the possible financial the most troubling issues our society was now seen to be under potential human cost that an all-out effort to guarantee a faces today, and one we will continue control. I choose the Second World War as right to health care might entail. In medi to face, is how to allocate our scarce dividing line because it marked that point in cine, it has been reluctantly recognized that medical resources. Today, we spend history when the governments of developed the list of human evils that might be countries, particularly the United States, re brought under medical superintendence is over 10 percent of our gross national alized that large economic investment in almost unlimited, ranging from the ills of product on medical and health ex biomedical research could reap major bene the body through the threats to psychologi penses. It would not be hard, doctors fits. Thus in the years shortly after the war cal health posed by life in a complex socie and hospital administrators tell us, to the National Institutes of Health in this ty. The desire for medical benefits seemed spend 20 percent, 40 percent, or some country was developed as a major research unlimited, not only in terms of dealing with other astronomical level. The question agency, with hundreds of millions of dollars present, obvious ills, but potentially by ex has to be answered, however, on how invested each year in support of basic re tending the net of medicine to capture the much can we afford. search and of its clinical applications. Once full range of social ills, as well. It was not it was realized that such an investment impossible to imagine spending the entire Whether we realize · it or not, that could provide enormous social benefits gross national product on the improvement question-how much resources do we that money could make the difference be of health and unhappiness. dedicate to health and medical care-is tween life and death-it was only a short In the sixties and the early part of the being answered every day. The answer step to the development of the Medicare seventies, that was an underground worry may come on an ad hoc basis, may be and Medicaid programs during the sixties, only, with only a few stray voices being implicit, but it is nonetheless forceful. and to the emergence of a debate over a raised to wonder where we were heading. If we want to be fair to all citizens, if right to health care and the desirability of The major political efforts went toward ex we want to have some control over our national health insurance. tending the scope of biomedical research The early decades of that development and the delivery of medical care. Even so, as expenditures, for health and medical were marked by hope and optimism. Given the seventies moved along, it became pain resources, then we must begin to enough investment of time, money, and fully obvious that the national health bill answer the question in a positive energy, no utopian fantasy seemed too out was increasing at a rapid rate, far outstrip manner. landish. The average human lifespan could ping that of inflation in general. Moreover, Recently, Daniel Callahan addressed be significantly extended, the number and an insight of horrendous proportions was the conference, "Limited Health Care quality of children could be controlled, the becoming inescapable-that the day of Resources: Ethical Implications of Our ill could be made well, pain and suffering cheap technological fixes for human illness Choices," sponsored by the Health could be radically reduced, and what had was, with the conquest of infectious dis hitherto seemed out of human control-the eases, over. Instead, it was becoming obvious Planning Council for Greater Boston body and its limitations-brought within that the future promised to deliver rapidly on May 17, 1983. Dr. Callahan is direc the framework of human choice and manip escalating costs with increasingly marginal tor and cofounder of the Hastings ulation. No sooner had biomedical research returns from expenditures. The reason for Center Institute of Society, Ethics, conquered one frontier, than another beck that is fairly simple. With the conquest of and the Life Sciences, Hastings-on-the oned for attention. The future seemed un the great killers of the young and otherwise Hudson, NY. As Dr. Callahan states: limited in its possibilities. able-influenza, diphtheria, dysentery, "There does not now exist, nor is there In the moral realm, those were decades of yellow fever, smallpox, for example-the re ever likely to exist, a simple moral for considerable optimism as well. While our so maining diseases, primarily affecting the el ciety had always been one dedicated to derly, came to the fore. Cancer, heart dis mula that will tell us how to ration re human rights The property described in the not even recommended for authoriza rounded by the Tonto National Forest, first section shall be used for the preserva- tion by the corps itself-on the basis September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24947 of studies that may be seriously dated. Milliken, State of Michigan, prepared by R. which can accommodate vessels at least Yet there may be no alternative. Bruce Den Uyl, Charles A. Job, Dean R. 1,000 feet long and with a draft of 25.5 feet. The Great Lakes Basin Commission Whitehill, Martha W. Deline, under the di Such a lock would essentially duplicate the study was done at the request of the rection of Dr. Paul E. Nickel.) Poe lock which can now accommodate ves Governor of Michigan. It reviewed the ALTERNATIVES TO WINTER NAVIGATION sels of this size. Since this expansion would corps cost-benefit analysis. Just as the Introduction significantly expand capacity at the Soo New York State study would later con One of the first principles of benefit-cost Locks, it can be considered an alternative to analysis is that all of the relevant alterna capacity expansion through season exten clude-see, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, sion. September 15, 1983, E4308-09-the tives to the proposed project be considered. The reason is simply that if the same objec Analysis: The replacement of the Sabin Great Lakes Basin Commission found tive can be accomplished in an alternative and/or Davis lock is not a complete alterna that benefits were significantly over way which results in greater net benefits tive to season extension, because it would stated and costs may also be seriously than the proposed plan, the nation will be not provide stockpiling and winter rate sav understated. . better off. Therefore, even though one al ings. However, it would relieve projected ca Winter navigation's justification ternative may have a benefit-cost ratio pacity constraints at the locks, and it may rests, in large part, on projected capac greater than one, there may be another al accomplish this more efficiently than ity limitations in the Great Lakes ternative with greater discounted net bene season extension. Season extension only navigation season. Those limitations fits. delays capacity constraints at the Soo for The Survey Study considered only alter approximately 15 years, whereas lock re stem from projected backlogs at the native lengths of season extension on both placement would provide sufficient capacity system's key bottlenecks, principally the upper four Great Lakes and the St. for a much longer period. the locks. Lawrence Seaway, not other alternatives to Furthermore, lock replacement is a rela By spreading the demand over a the program. Thus, the Survey Study, in tively inexpensive alternative to winter longer period of time, winter naviga analyzing only internal alternatives, as navigation. In the somewhat dated study of tion allows increased shipping despite sumes a commitment to season extension lock replacement, the average annual cost the capacity limitations. Yet winter and considers only how to achieve maxi of replacing the Sabin lock with another mum benefits by this approach. A more lock that would accommodate ships 1,100 navigation is only one solution to the comprehensive approach is to consider al feet in length is estimated to be $7.1 million. projected constraints. In an important ternatives to season extension itself. The average annual cost of year-round navi analysis, the Commission also ad It is apparent that most of the benefits of gation on only the upper four Great Lakes dressed alternatives that address the season extension come from the attenuation is $76 million. Even if the cost of lock re bottlenecks directly. of capacity constraints at the locks through placement has doubled, there is still a wide The Commission notes proposals out the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway disparity. The benefit-cost ratio for the lock that were both less expensive and had system. Assuming an increase in Great replacement at the Sabin location is project substantially better cost-benefit ratios. Lakes shipping, without the increase in ca ed to be 12.9. One was the construction of a new pacity that season extension is expected to Effect on winter navigation benefits: Since achieve, some commodities will have to be replacement of the Sabin-Davis locks is an lock at Sault Ste. Marie. Over the diverted to alternative modes of transport, alternative to capacity expansion through short term, the Commission also noted principally rail. Rail transport is generally season extension, it is of interest to consider the Canadian proposal to increase the more expensive than water transport, espe how the benefits of winter navigation would capacity of the Welland Canal cially for bulk commodities such as iron ore. change if the local replacement alternative through operational changes and the Therefore, the expansion of capacity associ was undertaken. This rough analysis should possibility of 24-hour operations on ated with season extension will preclude di only be taken as illustrative because ade key locks. version of commodities to these more expen quate data was not available, for a full anal Because a new lock independently sive modes, with substantial savings to the ysis. nation. Since lock replacement would prevent ca generates many of the benefits of There are other alternatives to season ex pacity constraints at the Soo locks, thus winter navigation extension, the Com tension that could expand capacity of the precluding diversion of traffic to alternative mission carefully notes that a new lock locks. The most obvious alternative is to modes, winter navigation benefits attributed substantially reduces the cost-benefit build larger locks. The Corps of Engineers in the Survey Study to decreased diversion ratio for winter navigation-duplicat has conducted preliminary studies of lock of tonnage would be excluded. Since lock re ing perhaps 90 to 95 percent of the expansion, but such expansion was not con placement at the Soo would only affect ca benefits. The alternatives are mutual sidered as an alternative to season exten pacity on the upper four Great Lakes, ton sion. nage projections for Proposal 3 winter navigation are described here, it was were compared with normal season projec portant because the committee has not possible in the time available to identify tions to determine the amount of diverted also moved in section 1149 of H.R. the most feasible alternatives, if any. tonnage that season extension prevents. 3678 to accelerate study of a new lock Rather, these possible alternatives are dis Some of the diverted tonnage that the to parallel the existing Poe lock at cussed here to suggest that they ought to be Survey Study counts as a benefit might be Sault Ste. Marie. I have included a considered. attributed to winter navigation even with substantial extract from the Commis It should be reiterated that these alterna lock replacement, so to be conservative only tives relate only to the lock capacity prob diverted tons related to coal and iron ore sion's review of alternatives to winter lem. Season extension achieves other bene navigation. I urge my colleagues to were counted. Since the Study does not indi fits not related to the capacity constraints, cate the savings per ton for diverted traffic give it, and the full study, their closest such as stockpiling benefits and winter rate for each commodity, dollar savings could attention. savings. If these benefits are great enough, not be calculated. Instead, percentages were ECONOMIC REVIEW OF NAVIGATION SEASON winter navigation might be justified on this calculated that indicate what proportion of EXTENSION basis alone. the total diverted tons listed in the Survey 1900 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
(1) Normal season: Projected shipments: Coal...... 34,163 34,628 33 ,953 32,844 32,213 31 ,634 Iron ore ...... 94,838 97,972 96,304 95,891 95,358 94,704 (2) Proposal 3: Projected shipments: Coal ...... 34,487 39,349 43,513 42,453 41 ,947 41 ,493 Iron ore ...... 96,376 lll,081 123,396 122,942 122,382 121,694 Tons not diverted: Coal...... 324 4,721 9,560 9,609 9,734 9,859 Iron ore ...... 1,538 13,109 27 ,092 27,051 27,024 26,990 1,862 17,830 36,652 36,660 36,758 36,849 m~~~: ~= :~ ~~~ ~:= ~ 5,487 22,324 41 ,434 41,744 42,140 42,562 =: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::======(3)/(4) (percent) ...... 33.9 79.9 88.5 87.8 87.2 86.6
Source: The projections of commodity shipments were taken directly from Table 2 (p. E-20-21) in Appendix E of the Survey Study.
The table indicates that most of the di ducing benefits of the season extension pro Michael Cipriani, the Nation's out verted tonnage is related to capacity con gram. What this analysis has shown is that standing photographer for harness straints at the Soo Locks. Season extension there may be alternatives for resolving the racing. At this time I would like to pay does not significantly affect capacity at the capacity constraint that are more economi Welland as most of the commodities moving cally desirable than winter navigation, and tribute to these two men and share through the Welland are shipped during the that the major economic benefit of winter the highlights of their careers with normal season. 1 navigation stems from stockpiling and my colleagues: With lock replacement, overall benefits at winter rate savings. WILLIAM V. GALLO tributed to season extension would decline. Postscript William (Bill) Gallo was born in A very conservative estimate is that average It should be noted that after the draft Manhattan on December 28, 1922, the annual transportation rate savings would be report of this economic review was pre reduced by 75 percent. For the proposed pared, it was determined that none of the son of Frank and Henrietta Gallo. His plan (year-round navigation on the upper stockpiling benefits could be attributed to father was a newspaperman who died four Great Lakes, and an 11-month season season extension. However, a portion of at the young age of 36 when William on the St. Lawrence Seaway), assuming that these stockpiling benefits would be trans was 11 years old. all other benefits remain unchanged, the ferred to transportation rate savings. 2 This As a youngster Gallo dreamt of fol new benefit-cost calculation would be as fol change will be incorporated in the Survey lowing in his father's footsteps. "As lows: Study final report. The change means that long as I can remember, printer's ink Average annual benefits between 90% and 95% of the benefits of winter navigation are related to capacity was a part of me," he says. He studied Thousands constraints at the Soo Locks. art in high school and after graduat Transportation rate savings...... $65,201 However, nothing in this discussion of al ing he landed a job on the New York Winter rate savings ...... 17 ,694 ternatives is altered by these changes. It Daily News in 1941. He remained there Stockpiling savings...... 59,417 would still be valid to count stockpiling ben ---- for 7 months until he answered Uncle efits when discussing alternatives. The Sam's call, joined the U.S. Marine Total...... 142,312 reason that they are excluded from consid eration when discussing NED benefits and Corps, and went off to war. Average annual costs ...... 101,816 costs is because stockpiling is unnecessary He served with distinction as a Benefit-cost ratio ...... 1.40 when capacity constraints force the diver member of the 4th Marine Division for This calculation is for the incremental av sion of tonnage to alternative modes. How 4 years, seeing action in Roi-Namur erage annual benefits, which excludes bene ever, if a new lock were constructed at the . sary, and therefore, the only means to elimi turned to the New York Daily News as nate stockpiling during the winter months If total average annual benefits are used, a picture clerk in the caption/art de the benefit-cost ratio increases to 1.54. would be to ship these commodities during The issue paper on stockpiling benefits the winter. Hence, stockpiling benefits partment. states that it may not be valid to count all would be a valid consideration in any study It was in 1960, when he was trans of the stockpiling savings because of capac of alternatives.e ferred to the sports department, that ity constraints would move by rail which is he began his illustrious career as a able to ship during the winter. If the lock sports cartoonist and as a sports col replacement alternative were undertaken, TRIBUTE TO WILLIAM GALLO AND MICHAEL CIPRIANI umnist. It was here, also, that he was stockpiling benefits would be retained, since to develop such well-known characters there would be no diverted traffic which could be moved during the winter months. as "Basement Bertha," "Yuchie," and HON. MARIO BIAGGI "Penthouse Polly"-familiar personal Conclusion OF NEW YORK ities to hundreds of thousands of read In concluding this discussion, it should be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ers. pointed out that even with the lock replace Tuesday, September 20, 1983 ment alternative, winter navigation could Bill Gallo's talents and creativity as still be an economically feasible program. In • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I have a cartoonist have earned him many fact, if winter navigation is considered desir been invited to attend ceremonies for honors, awards, and citations. He is able after all relevant alternatives are stud the induction of two prominent indi the five-time recipient of the coveted ied, it might be cost efficient to implement viduals into the Yonkers Sports Hall "Reuben," awarded by the National the winter navigation program before lock of Fame. The city of Yonkers is espe Cartoonist Society for excellence in replacement in order to delay the need for cially proud of their contributions in the sports category. He has won the lock replacement. However, if lock replace ment would be needed shortly anyway, most enriching and enhancing the world of Page 1 Journalism Award from the of the transportation rate savings could not sports. I refer to William New England
Medical ured by us all. But honoring such a heritage cent, and would have dropped to an average Center, Boston, Massachusetts. does not preclude keeping a watchful eye of 55 percent next year. Instead-in a I hope this brief account of current work over the performance of foundations, and friendly salute to women-the administra supported by the Commonwealth Fund the hearings seem an appropriate step to me tion kindly offered to hold the drop to 60 gives adequate evidence of the breadth and to review present activities of, as well as un percent, down 10 percent from the present variety of people, institutions, and activities needed restrictions on, foundations.e guarantee. 24952 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 The President also proposed expanding of articles and studies on the impact of It is the contention of this paper that the collection efforts-which is what makes Reaganomics and the so-called New under the "New Federalism" proposal, headlines. But he doesn't propose to spend Federalism. I think it is vitally impor many state and local governments would more money to make stepped-up collections tant that we in Congress be fully reduce or end support for domestic pro possible. grams, especially those for low income and A recent census report found that 8.4 mil aware of the results of these Reagan disadvantaged persons. Without federal lion women nationwide had custody of their policies on the people of this country. funds and political directives, many states children in 1981, yet fewer than half of I would like to recommend to my col and localities would be unable or unwilling them had been awarded child support. Of leagues, a paper written by my son, to maintain these programs and the needs those entitled to payments, only 47 percent Larry, a recent graduate of the Univer they address. The "New Federalism" would received the full amount-an average of $40 sity of California at Berkeley. exacerbate current regional, interstate, and a week. Another 25 percent got partial pay After carefully evaluating the intrastate disparities in provision of these ments; 28 percent got nothing at all. The Reagan proposals, this paper con basic public services. disinclination of many men to help support Under the guise of decentralization and their children is one of the reasons that cludes that under New Federalism, more women are falling into poverty. many State and local governments local autonomy, the Reagan administra For bleeding hearts, the growing feminiza would reduce or end support for do tion's proposal would reverse the historical tion of poverty is of deep social and humani mestic programs, especially those for development of a national commitment to tarian concern. But it's also important to human welfare and public infrastructure low income and disadvanataged per needs. Viewed in terms of the administra people who only bleed in the pocketbook. sons. Viewed in terms of the adminis When dads don't pay, their families often tion's broader economic program and ideolo end up on public welfare, supported by the tration's broader economic program gy, the "New Federalism" seems to be part taxpayers at large. and ideology, the New Federalism of a move to shift national priorities and re The states all have programs to try to col seems to be part of a move to shift na sources from social programs to military lect child-support payments from delin tional priorities and resources from programs, from the poor to the rich, and quent fathers if the mother is on welfare. social programs to military programs, from the public sector generally to the pri Some also help women who are not on wel for the poor to the rich, and from the vate sector. fare. public sector generally to the private "NEW FEDERALISM" PROPOSAL Automatic child-support collection is in sector. The major aspects of the "New Federal creasingly used if the father is within reach. ism" proposal are outlined in a White House Child support may be withheld from his The introduction and a description wages, his income-tax returns and in some of the New Federalism ideology fol fact sheet released the night of the Presi lows: dent's speech. 1 cases from his unemployment benefits. The proposal is separated into two main When a family is on welfare, any child THE "NEW FEDERALISM" components. The first involves an "equal support money collected from the father is 2 used to reimburse the state and federal swap" between the states and the federal treasuries. The money collected for a non In his State of the Union Address of Janu government of the major public assistance welfare mother goes directly to her, for the ary 26, 1982, President Ronald Reagan in programs for the poor and disadvantaged. benefit of the children. In recent years, troduced a proposal for a "New Federalism" The federal government would assume total Washington has been discouraging child that would eliminate the federal govern financial responsibility for Medicaid, while support collections for non-welfare mothers, ment's involvement in a panoply of domes the states would assume complete responsi because government didn't get anything tic programs. Specifically, the administra bility for Aid for Families with Dependent back for its efforts. The idea has been to use tion's proposal aims at abolishing the feder Children and Food Stamps, which together the program for the benefit of the federal al grant-in-aid system in which the national are often referred to simply as "welfare." treasury, not for the benefit of women and government presently provides funding with Currently, the federal government has a children. varying degrees of guidelines for state and large role in providing public assistance to Among several bills now before the House locally implemented programs in health, the poor. It totally finances Food Stamps Ways and Means Committee, the major one education, welfare, transportation, and and through the grant-in-aid system it is the administration's new proposal other areas. This system for providing fed matches state contributions to AFDC and brought forth in good part through the ef eral aid to states and localities grew tremen Medicaid. forts of Republican women politicians. dously during the 1960's as part of the The second component in broad outline The administration now proposes to pay Johnson administration's Great Society ini involves the following: Over an eight year bonuses to the states for improving collec tiatives. transition period, the federal government tions for both welfare and non-welfare The Reagan administration's proposal would eliminate its involvement in forty mothers-the bonuses making up for the cut continues a recent conservative trend to state and local domestic programs totaling in guaranteed funding. It may also seize the undo the federal grant-in-aid system. This $30.2 billion. During this same period, the federal tax refunds of delinquent fathers of trend began with the Nixon administra federal government would phase out its col non-welfare families-a change in attitude tion's original "New Federalism" which lection of certain excise taxes worth $28 bil welcomed by state directors of child-support passed into law block grant and revenue lion allowing the states to then raise reve enforcement. sharing programs designed to significantly nues through this base. But Dan Copeland, head of the State Di lessen federal guidelines attached to federal The states would not have to maintain rectors Association, worries about the cut in funds. The Reagan administration's "New support for any of the programs after the guaranteed funding. State legislators may Federalism" would go much further by eight years. They could use revenues from be willing to replace lost federal money, but eliminating federal funding and federal the excise taxes they collect for any pur many child-support programs depend on guidelines for many domestic programs. pose. The administration's figures indicate county budgets for support. "When the The Reagan administration claims that that taken together the states would have county commissioners see a cut in the feder these domestic programs and the needs they enough revenues to support these programs al guarantee, they respond by reducing address would not be harmed by doing away if they chose to do so. their own efforts," he says. with federal involvement. Rather, they The programs being "turned back" under Extending the child-support enforcement claim, complete state responsibility for this second component fall generally under program to cover more non-welfare mothers these programs would make them more effi two categories: public assistance programs is fine, but it's a hollow gesture if Reagan cient and effective, while also enhancing de for poor and disadvantaged persons and doesn't provide any money to do the job.e centralized decision-making and local auton public infrastructure programs. The former omy. At the same time, being freed from in include Social, Health, and Nutrition Serv volvement in these domestic affairs, the fed ices and Low Income Home Energy Assist THE "NEW FEDERALISM" eral government would be able to concen ance. Along with AFDC and Food Stamps, trate its energy and resources on its primary then, the states would have most of the re responsibility to national defense and for sponsibility for programs aimed at providing HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER eign policy. a minimum standard of the basic human OF NEW YORK This paper will evaluate the Reagan ad needs. The latter includes Community De IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ministration's proposal in terms of its likely velopment and Facilities, Local Transporta Tuesday, September 20, 1983 impact on the programs it would completely tion, and Education and Training programs. return to the states. It will also examine the These public infrastructure programs pro e Mr. OTI'INGER. Mr. Speaker, in basis for and implications of the proposal's vide for the basic facilities and services upon recent months we have seen a number ideological foundations. which communities, states and the country September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24953 depend. The states would also take responsi turning AFDC and Food Stamps completely SINGLE EMPLOYER PENSION bility for Occupational Safety Assistance to the states, the President said: PLAN AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1983 from the federal government. This will make welfare less costly and The excise tax base that would be given to more responsive to genuine need because it the states to compensate for these increased will be designed and administered closer to HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN programmatic responsibilities include taxes the grass roots and the people it serves. 7 on the following: gasoline, tobacco, alcohol, Federal guidelines attached to federal OF ILLINOIS telephone service, and oil. Of the $28 billion funding only serve to "bind the hands of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the federal government collected from these state and local officials." 8 The federal gov Tuesday, September 20, 1983 excise taxes, the oil windfall profit tax pro ernment fails in providing initiatives be vided the largest revenue by far at $16.7 bil- cause it is too far removed from the particu e Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, lion. · lar circumstances. Former President Nixon today I am joining with our colleague, Taken as a whole package, the administra explains why state and local officials would Mr. CLAY, chairman of the Subcom tion's figures indicate that the states would address these needs better without federal mittee on Labor-Management Rela take on $50 billion in new programmatic re involvement. tions, in introducing legislation which sponsibilities that they could make up, if Decisions about the development of a they desire, through excise taxes, Medicaid local community should reflect local prefer is needed to help assure the solvency savings, and increased efficiency. ences and meet local needs. No group of and long-term self-financing nature of THE IDEOLOGY remote Federal officials-however talented the single employer pension plan ter Conservative ideology since the Nixon ad and sincere-can effectively tailor each local mination insurance program under ministration has been very consistent in its program to the wide variety of local condi title IV of ERISA. attacks on the federal grant-in-aid system, tions which exists in this highly diversified The provisions of the proposed legis blaming the federal government for taking land.9 lation, as described in detail in my col on too much power and responsibility for Promotes Democratic Decentralization league's statement, can be seen to rep program areas that would be handled more resent a modification of the bill which effectively and efficiently if left completely After a third of a century of power flow to state and local governments. This ideolo ing from the people and the States to Wash Senator DoN NICKLES and I introduced gy claims that decentralization of federal re ington it is time for a New Federalism in in the 97th Congress. While the new which power, funds, and responsibility will bill contains a number of changes in sponsibilities along the lines of the "New flow from Washington to the States and to Federalism" proposal would enhance citizen 10 order to accommodate suggestions participation in politics, state and local au the people. made by the various interested parties tonomy, and government accountability. Former President Nixon thus introduced the original "New Federalism" in front of a in hearings over the past several years, Federal v. State Responsibilities: The Clean national TV audience in 1969. Conservative the bill by no means can be said to be Separation ideology since then has consistently claimed perfect, nor can it be. As I stated The Reagan administration justifies the that the federal role in domestic programs during the debate leading to the enact "New Federalism's" complete elimination of has harmed possibilities for decentralized ment of ERISA, the termination insur federal involvement in education, welfare, decision-making and state and local auton ance program under title IV could and the other domestic areas through ideo omy. Though the federal grant-in-aid only lead to ever escalating costs and, logical appeals to classical federalism and system and the Great Society programs of eighteenth century America. the 1960's are their immediate targets, the in an effort to contain perceived The classical definition of federalism roots of their attacks go back to the New abuses, ever more restrictive and bur states that "the general and regional gov Deal programs of the 1930's and the devel densome regulation of the businesses ernments are each, within a sphere, coordi opment of the welfare state. and plans providing the pension bene nate and independent." 3 By "largely abol By decentralizing program responsibilities fits. In line with the inevitable and my ishing" the federal grant-in-aid system with and access to the excise taxes, the "New earlier warnings, the proposed legisla its sharing of responsibility between the Federalism" would give the states complete tion contains a number of provisions levels of government, the "New Federalism" autonomy in handling the turned back do to control costs and continue the self would effect a clean separation of program mestic concerns. By accomplishing a com matic duties. As a result, each level of gov plete separation of programmatic duties, financing nature of the single employ ernment would have "independent program state and local officials would be completely er termination insurance program. responsibilities, independent finances, and accountable for any failure to meet these While I support the basic thrust of the full and mutual sovereignty." 4 needs. Citizens could not be given the run legislation, the bill contains some pro In broad tenns, the administration seeks a around that results from sharing responsi visions which are over-reaching, such clean separation of program responsibilities bilities between the different levels of gov as certain restrictions placed on an along the following lines: The federal gov ernment. Thus, President Reagan intro employer's ability to terminate a ernment takes care of national defense and duced his "New Federalism" as a proposal foreign policy, while state and local govern single employer plan in a collective that would make government "again the bargaining situation, and will have to ments take care of most domestic affairs. In servant of the people." 11 his speech, President Reagan hearkened be modified if the consensus which is back to the "constitutional balance envi NOTES necessary to enact this legislation into sioned by the Founding Fathers" 5 between 1 The proposal has been modified since then. It law is to be achieved. the federal government and the states. At most likely will not reach Congress for a vote by 1984. The original proposal has been chosen as it Comments and suggestions for the ti.me, national defense was indeed the most clearly indicates the administration's pro change are sought from all affected major concern of the newly formed federal grammatic vision. parties, and in the interest of moving government, and each state acted as an au • "Transcript of the State of the Union Address," toward an early markup of the legisla tonomous whole in domestic political, eco New York Times, 27 Jan. 1982, sec. A, p. 16. nomic, and social concerns. 3 Michael D. Reagan and John G. Sanzone, "The tion, hearings by the Subcommittee on Human welfare and public infrastructure New Federalism" , p. 25. First, in order to amortize the single fectively. Because state and local govern 1 0 Ibid., p. 17. ments are closer to the problem, they also 11 "Transcript of the State of the Union Address," employer program deficit currently es are closer to the solution. In reference to re- New York Times, 27 Jan. 1982, sec. A, p. 16.e timated at $384 million, and to help 24954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 keep it from growing to unsupportable also be reduced under the proposed Virginia, and the family moved to levels in the future, the single employ legislation by streamlining the proce nearby Kingsport, Tennessee, when he er termination insurance premium is dure for closing out fully funded was a child. The young Quillen picked increased from $2.60 to $6 per capita. plans. Since the passage of ERISA, up odd jobs in town, and he worked Second, in order to discourage em almost 98 percent of all terminated for free at the local newspaper. It was ployers having low net-worth from ter plans have been found to be sufficient. the latter that he hoped to make his minating their underfunded plans and PBGC costs in connection with the career. transferring their debts to the other termination of such plans would be re While working his way through Dobyns employers supporting the system, the duced by allowing plan administrators Bennett High School, Quillen made $3 a conditions under which a plan is al and enrolled actuaries to certify to the week by cooking and serving breakfast in a lowed to terminate are tightened up to PBGC as to their sufficiency. restaurant before classes each day. The job require that the employer and its con These changes represent a major re meant he had to rise at 3:30 a.m. and walk trol group demonstrate a significant structuring in the single employer ter three miles to work. On Saturdays, he "distress" situation such that without worked in a grocery store till midnight. mination insurance program under In school, he wrote plays and poetry and relief the continued viability of the title IV. Their early enactment is nec earned straight A's. employer and its control group would essary in order to protect the financial In 1934, he received his diploma and took be threatened. Employers would still stability of the program and to avoid the first job he was offered-carrying a be allowed to freeze the accrued bene the curtailment of benefit guarantees paste pail in the bindery of Kingsport Press fits under their plans under a standard in the future which will become neces for 25 cents an hour. termination, but the bill would require sary if the changes are not made. With He had been offered an appointment to them to continue to fund their plans this in mind I encourage all affected the United States Military Academy at West until all nonforfeitable benefits have parties to limit their demands and pro Point, but felt he couldn't afford to take the been satisfied. vide our committee with suggestions opportunity. So, he stayed with the paste Third, the law is changed to make pail, 10 hours a day, six days a week. for change which will make the pro Then one day his boss asked him to go to contributing sponsors and members of gram more workable and viable over a Rotary Club meeting with him and par their controlled group liable for up to the long term.e ticipate in a debate with the latest debate 5 years-or up to 10 years in select sit champion from Dobyns-Bennett High uations involving very large transac School. Quillen won that debate-and a tions-in the event that the plans for TRIBUTE TO HON. JAMES H. boost in his self-confidence. Feeling that which they were formerly obligated QUILLEN maybe he could do better than the paste terminate. These provisions are in pail, he went back to the newspaper and tended to address the situation under HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN asked for a paying job-this time selling ad vertising. present law which allows a controlled OF TENNESSEE He wrote some news stories on the side, group of corporations to spin off a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and eventually rose to the lofty salary of subsidiary and its related pensions li Tuesday, September 20, 1983 $21 a week. Finally, at the age of 20, Jimmy abilities thus removing the controlled Quillen's long-felt ambition took flight. group from the reach of the PBGC, in •Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, the With $42 in his pocket QUILLEN. lected the payments, kept the books-and and transfers its pension liabilities to a The occasion will mark the establish made a profit. In the next three years, he buyer which is financially weaker than ment of the Quillen Scholarship Fund sold the Kingsport newspaper, and started at the Academy, the oldest institution another in neighboring Johnson City. He the seller. The proposed legislation volunteered for the Navy after Pearl contains a number of exceptions to of learning west of the Alleghenies. Harbor, and finally made it to college the contingent liability provIS1ons This tribute is an indication of the Dartmouth, for a brief indoctrination. He which provide safe harbors in connec love felt for JIMMY QUILLEN by the continued publication of his newspaper tion with transactions which do not people of the First District of Tennes until he received orders to go overseas, present undue risk to the single em see. Having worked with him through served as an officer on a carrier in the Pacif ployer termination insurance program out my congressional service, and ap ic, and started to learn first-hand about the or its premium payers. peared with him in east Tennessee, I difficulties of operating a business from Fourth, in order to protect the have seen the affection and admira halfway around the world. tion given to Congressman QUILLEN. After his discharge in 1946, he came PBGC against antiselection the bill home. Instinct for identifying the public's contains a provision which gives a plan As the following biography shows, it desires told him there would be a great a lien in the amount of any funding is his hard work and drive which have demand for new houses. In the post-war era, waiver obtained by the plan sponsor earned JIMMY this respect. I am cer GI's had come back to the states with the prior to plan termination. tainly proud to be his neighbor and GI Bill in hand, and it looked like supply Additionally, in order to discourage colleague. He has worked as hard in wouldn't be able to keep up with demand. the termination of underfunded pen the Congress as he did as a boy in He bought a couple of lots down the street sion plans by ongoing employers, the Kingsport, struggling to finish high from the family home, dug the footings amount for which an ongoing employ school. These efforts have been paid himself, and soon sold his first two houses. off with the love of the First District. Two led to four, four to eight, and eventu er is liable to the PBGC is increased ally the idea of insuring the homes as well above the present law 30 percent of I believe the following biography will as building them. From 1948 to 1954, the net worth cap to include a 10-year 10 give an insight of the character and businesses seemed to take on a life of their percent of pretax profits provision. An determination of this man. own-so much so that by election time in additional penalty equal to 5 percent CONGRESSMAN QUILLEN: HIS STORY 1954, Jimmy Quillen was in need of a new of pretax profits for up to 10 years Congressman James H. Quillen is a challenge. would be payable to a termination man who had to struggle for his edu Friends had been urging him for weeks to trust providing for payment of nonfor cation. It was a struggle he hasn't for run for a seat in the Tennessee legislature. He finally consented to run, but lost the f eitable benefits above the current gotten, even though his life's successes election-at least he thought he did. He had level of PBGC guarantees. By discour long ago eclipsed darker days. gone to bed election night after hearing a aging the termination of underfunded Finishing high school at all was no radio report saying he had missed the seat pension plans the bill would reduce small challenge for Quillen during the by 67 votes. It wasn't until the next morn the administrative costs of the title IV depression-marked days of the mid- ing that he saw the truth on a newspaper program. Administrative costs would 1930's. Quillen was born in Southwest headline: "Quillen Wins By 67 Votes." September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24955 Jimmy Quillen has been winning ever MILLER of California, Mr. MOAKLEY, or indirectly to the government of Augusto since-four terms in the State Legislature, Mr. BARNES, and Mrs. SCHNEIDER, to Pinochet; and eleven in the U.S. Congress. affirm this spirit of freedom of the <2> the United States should also deny all The early struggle to finish high school economic assistance to the government of was worth it-Just as Jimmy Quillen always Chilean people by calling upon Chile Chile, including Export-Import Bank and knew it would be.e to return to democracy. Commodity Credit Corporation guarantees A copy of the resolution follows: and loans; and RESOLUTION-CALLING FOR RESOLUTION CALLING FOR THE RESTORATION <3> as mandated under section 701<0 of OF DEMOCRACY IN CHILE the International Financial Institutions Act RESTORATION OF DEMOCRA of 1977, the United States should oppose all CY IN CHILE Whereas September 11, 1983, marked the loans and grants to the government of Chile tenth anniversary of the establishment of by international financial institutions such HON. TED WEISS military rule in Chile; as the Inter-American Development Bank, Whereas on September 11, 1973, a military the International Bank for Reconstruction OF NEW YORK coup led by General Augusto Pinochet over and Development, and the International De IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES threw the constitutionally elected govern velopment Association, unless such assist ment of Salvador Allende and brought Tuesday, September 20, 1983 ance is directed specifically to programs about the collapse of democratic institu which serve the basic human needs of the •Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, last tions in Chile; people.e Thursday, September 15, I introduced Whereas in the months following the Sep legislation with seven Members of the tember 1973 coup, up to 25,000 Chileans House as original cosponsors calling were killed by the regime of the President INTRODUCTION OF MULTINA Pinochet; TIONAL FORCE IN LEBANON upon the U.S. Government to continue Whereas in the four days of demonstra to deny military assistance and to tions from September 8 to 11, 1983, fifteen RESOLUTION deny all future nonhumanitarian eco Chileans have been reported as killed and nomic assistance to Chile until that over 550 arrested, and between June and HON.CLEMENTJ.ZABLOCKI country returns to democracy. September 1983 at least 40 persons were OF WISCONSIN Joining us in introducing the same killed by the Chilean Air Forces Forces IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resolution in the U.S. Senate were during public demonstrations of opposition Senators EDWARD KENNEDY, ALAN to the regime of Augusto Pinochet; Tuesday, September 20, 1982 CRANSTON, and CHRISTOPHER DODD. Whereas during the same four month Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, the period, thousands more have been arrested e The recent upsurge of political pro in massive round-ups in working class neigh recent increasingly dangerous situa tests and the swift and brutal response borhoods in Chile; tion in Lebanon has raised serious of the Pinochet regime should prove Whereas the Pinochet regime, in response questions in this Nation and among to the world and to the Reagan admin to the nationwide protests of June 14, 1983, many Members of Congress as to the istration that little has changed in the targeted Chile's labor movement in particu precise role of the U.S. Marines in the past 10 years in Chile. Human rights lar, as shown by the dismissal of 31 union multinational force, and how that role are still being violated, political leaders and 799 copper workers from CO fits into overall U.S. policy in Lebanon imprisonments continue, and torture DELCO, the imprisonment of 15 labor lead and the Middle East. The death of is still a common practice as a means ers by late June, and the arrest of 5 direc four U.S. Marines and the wounding tors of the Coordinadora Nacional Sindical of intimidating the Chilean people in the first week of July; of 27 others and the resulting clear ap into silence. Whereas the Government of Augusto Pin plicability of section 4(a)(l) of the war But the massive public demonstra ochet has been linked by United States in powers resolution to the Lebanese sit tions of the past 2 months show that vestigators to acts of terrorism and assassi uation demand action by the Congress. the spirit of freedom and democracy nation in Argentina, Italy, and the United From the outset of the U.S. force de still cries out among the Chilean States, and was found "legally culpable" by ployment in August 1982 it has been people. a United States Federal District Court judge my consistent position that those It is the spirit of the 25,000 Chileans for the September 21, 1976, murders of troops have been introduced into hos 100,000 former Chilean Ambassador Orlando Lete killed, and imprisoned, de lier and Ronni Karpen Moffitt; tilities or into a situation where immi tained, and tortured by Chilean securi Whereas only a fraction of the over 11,000 nent involvement in hostilities is clear ty forces in the first few weeks follow Chileans exiled by the Pinochet regime ly indicated by the circumstances, ing the September 1973 coup. since the 1973 coup have been allowed to thus triggering section 4(a)( 1) of the It is the spirit of Victor Jara, the return to their country; war powers resolution. As Members gifted Chilean folksinger and song Whereas the present Chilean constitution know. once the President files a report writer. Imprisoned in Santiago's Na grants executive authority to General Au to Congress under section 4(a)0)-and tional Stadium along with thousands gusto Pinochet until 1989 and allows for only section 4O>-U.S. troops must 1973 delays in popular elections until 1998; 60-90 of other Chileans just after the Whereas Amnesty International has noted be removed within days unless coup, Jara was brutally beaten by that in recent years there has been a Congress authorizes their continued Chilean security forces who used rifle marked deterioration in the human rights presence. butts to crush his fingers and break situation in Chile, demonstrated by a con It has been my hope, expressed in his hands. Jara, although his hands sistent pattern of arbitrary detention, politi both letters to the President and had been destroyed, led the crowds of cal imprisonment and killings, and system public statements, that, in the collec prisoners in singing the national atic torture; and tive, cooperative spirit envisioned by anthem, whereupon he and countless Whereas Amnesty International, the the war powers resolution, the Presi International Commission of Jurists, the others in the stadium were gunned United Nations Human Rights Commission dent would have filed a section 4O> down. Ad Hoc Working Group of Chile, the United report to afford Congress an opportu It is this sprit that defies the admin- Nations General Assembly, and the Organi nity to exercise its judgment on this istration's conciliatory approach zation of American States Commission on crucial matter. toward Chile. Human Rights have stated that the regime Fortunately, the war powers resolu It is this spirit which shows the of Augusto Pinochet has violated basic tion was crafted to enable Congress, as world that it is Pinochet's Chile which human rights and political freedoms in well as the President, to determine should serve as the textbook case of a Chile since the military coup of 1973 in that when a section 4(a)(l) report should repressive society. country; Now, therefore, be it be submitted. Acting on that basis, I Resolved, That until Chile returns to its I urge my colleagues to join me and long tradition of democratic procedures and am today introducing a joint resolu the original cosponsors of this resolu institutions- tion stating that the section 4< 1 > re tion, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. EDWARDS of Cali (!) the United States should continue to porting requirement became operative fornia, Mr. HARKIN, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. deny any and all military assistance directly on August 29, 1983, and authorizing 24956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 the continued presence of U.S. Ma an annual basis, the replacement of past the 1984 elections, thus insulating rines in Lebanon, as required by sec the multinational force by a UN peace the U.S. participation from partisan tion 5Cb> of the war powers resolution. keeping force; wrangling and election-year politics. My decision to introduce this joint A stipulation that U.S. participation 3. The next administration will have resolution is not based in any way on in the multinational force will cease at an opportunity to review the situation partisan considerations. Rather, I the end of an 18-month period of the must be weighed against the likely al Hon. Lawrence Brady, Assistant Sec war powers resolution became opera ternative of not providing such an ex retary of Commerce for Trade Admin tive on August 29, 1983; tension. istration; A limitation on the functions of U.S. The alternative is withdrawal. And Dr. Ray Cline, of the Georgetown Armed Forces in accordance with the the likely consequences of withdrawal Center for Strategic and International September 25, 1982 international are so detrimental as to make that al Studies; agreement between the United States ternative totally unacceptable. Mr. John Fisher, president, Ameri and Lebanon, except that this shall First, U.S. withdrawal from the mul can Security Council; not preclude such protective measures tinational force will most certainly Dr. Miles Costick president, Insti as may be necessary to insure the lead to French and Italian withdrawal tute on Strategic Trade; safety of the multinational force in and the collapse of the force. Second, Mr. Burton Pines, vice president, the Lebanon. That agreement limits the the collapse of the force will lead to Heritage Foundation; Marine contingent to the Beirut area, complete anarchy, the likely disinte Mr. Paul D. Kamenar, the Washing places a ceiling of 1,200 on that force gration of the Lebanese central gov ton Legal Foundation; and allows for self-defense; ernment and, for all practical pur Capt. Thomas Ashwood, vice presi A semiannual reporting requirement poses, the end of Lebanon as a country dent, Air Line Pilots Association; and on the status, scope, and duration of for the foreseeable future. Third, with Dr. Kyo Ryoon Jhin, representing hostilities involving U.S. forces, the ac the political disappearance of Leba the League of Korean Americans, who tivities and present composition of the non, the prospects for the achieve was accompanied by Mr. Hong An, ex multinational force, the results of ef ment of a comprehensive peace in the ecutive director of the League of forts to reduce and eventually elimi Middle East, the primary U.S. foreign Korean Americans. nate the force, how continued U.S. policy objective in the region, will The witnesses proved to be an excel participation in the force is advancing have been effectively foreclosed. lent selection. They were extremely U.S. foreign policy interests in the In addition to these vital consider knowledgeable and articulate. They Middle East, and what progress has oc ations, there are three other sound provided an enlightening and some curred toward national political recon and valid reasons why the 18-month times moving explanation of what ciliation among all Lebanese groups; period was chosen. These reasons are: happened over Sakhalin Island 2 A declaration by the Congress that 1. Eighteen months is likely to be weeks before, why it happened, what other countries should continue to long enough to prevent Syria from the Soviet crime means to the United participate in the multinational force, questioning United States resolve to States and what the United States that the United States should promote maintain troops in Lebanon and wait should do about it. continuing discussions to bring about out the Marine presence and instead My colleagues and I, who were the withdrawal of all foreign troops force it to negotiate in earnest for a present at the hearings, want to share from Lebanon, and that the United comprehensive settlement in Lebanon. with Members some of the informa States should discuss with the Securi 2. This length of time will carry the tion we were fortunate to receive. I am ty Council of the United Nations, on authorization for troop involvement entering into the RECORD the written September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24957 statement of Assistant Secretary Law I can think of no finer tribute to Con as they would tie his hands in responding rence J. Brady: gressman McDonald than to intensify ef militarily to any foreign challenge. These I am pleased and honored to have the op forts to stem the hemorrhaging of our stra voices of isolationism would have the Presi portunity to appear at today's special hear tegic technology which boosts the Warsaw dent and the country stand virtually power ing on what an appropriate U.S. response Pact's warmaking capabilities. To this end less before the forces of aggression, incapa should be to the shooting down of KAL the President is determined to achieve con ble of using military or non-military instru flight 007. crete results in our ongoing discussions with ments of diplomacy. They actually seem to I am honored because I owe a personal the allies concerning the security dimen believe that the world will be a safer place debt of gratitude to Congressman Larry sions of East-West trade policy. only when the democratic nations forswear McDonald. Back in 1979, when I was forced A top priority is assigned to our COCOM any forceful or meaningful measures of re to resign my post at the Commerce Depart list review. Not only will many advanced action. We clearly cannot allow such voices ment, Congressman McDonald was the first technologies be added to the control list, we to prevail. member of the House Armed Services Com are also requesting a substantial upgrading For this reason, the Administration needs mittee to step forward to ask for a full ac of the COCOM secretariat. We are prepared your support in the weeks ahead as Con to do whatever it takes to insure that gress begins work on the Export Adminis counting of my charges that NATO security COCOM has the resources to get the job was being needlessly jeopardized by improv tration Act, in order to convince the Ameri done. can people and our allies that we are deter ident technology transfers to the commu We seek our allies' support for new con nist world. trols on oil and gas technology equipment mined to shoulder the responsibilities Thanks to his crucial support, the Sub vitally needed by the Soviets for their crash before us. committee on Investigations began a series energy development program, as well as for From 1969 to 1979 our policies in adminis of hearings which revealed for the first time some military purposes. We presented the tering the EAA were liberalized dramatical in many years the true military costs of U.S. control proposal to the allies in June ly to facilitate the expansion of East-West trading with potential adversaries. The and will be holding a bilateral round of dis trade. As a result, during the so-called era of hearings established a record which con cussions with them in October, preparatory detente, the Warsaw Pact's military infra vinced Congress that same year to pass leg to a special meeting of COCOM this Janu structure received a direct injection of our islation strengthening considerably the ary in Paris. advanced computers, machine tools, and export control system. We have achieved substantial results in manufacturing systems. Congressman McDonald proved to be an eliminating preferential credit terms of the In 1979, following the revelations about effective and forceful advocate of strength U.S.S.R. The allies agreed to move the military production at the giant Kama ened controls, and he impressed me as a U.S.S.R. into a "developed country" catego River truck plant, Congress took some ini true patriot, a man who always put loyalty ry, insuring that official credits can be of tial steps to place a national security em to country ahead of personal ambition or fered only at rates offered to other industri phasis back in the program. gain. Thanks in great part to his efforts, the alized nations. The United States, of course, Unfortunately, this year the progress so new Administration was able to make major has furnished no official credits to the painfully achieved could be undone. There gains in placing our trade relations with the U.S.S.R. since the Jackson-Vanik amend are proposals before Congress which, if en Warsaw Pact nations on a more sensible ment was adopted in 1974. This move means acted into law, could have serious adverse footing. the Soviets, formerly charged rates at 7-8 national security and foreign policy conse Congressman McDonald was a stern critic percent, have since July of last year been quences. of the notion we should seek to enmesh our forced to pay 12.5 percent. These new proposals could weaken the selves in a "web of economic interdepend In addition, through discussions in the controls system to the point where the ence" with sworn adversaries. He believed International Energy Agency, the allies worst licensing abuses of the past would be our generosity in transferring tens of bil have agreed to avoid energy dependence on replicated on a far larger scale. Unlike the lions of dollars of credits and advanced tech potentially unstable sources of supply and 1970's, however, when the alliance had a nology would be repaid mainly with the coin to accelerate the development of Western more favorable conventional and nuclear of aggression-not with hard currency. energy alternatives to Soviet natural gas. military posture with respect to the Warsaw Our intent is to preclude expansion of the Pact and thus could better tolerate the He believed the Soviets would take our West-East leakage of strategic technology, most advanced equipment and manufactur Siberia-West Europe natural gas pipeline network to more than a single export today there are real questions whether Free ing techniques, purchased ostensibly for ci World defense budgets can absorb the costs vilian purposes, and apply them whenever strand. If we are able to develop cost-com petitive alternative sources of supply, the of compensating for capabilities we have be feasible to modernizing Warsaw Pact weap Soviets will be deprived of their only major stowed on our adversaries. In other words, ons systems so as to tilt the balance of opportunity to improve a bleak hard curren technology flows to the Warsaw Pact may power against the West. cy earnings picture. Soviet hard currency shift the military balance against us at the He believed the Soviets would utilize their earnings could be diminished by as much as margins in ways which cannot be offset by relationships with the international busi twenty-five percent beginning in the early increased defense expenditures on our part. ness community primarily to lull the Free 1990's as a result of our policy. This certainly is certainly not a happy sce World into a false sense of security so that In short, the Soviets are paying a price for nario for defense planners. we would continue to expand our trade even internal repression and external aggression, Let me now take just a moment to discuss while Soviet and Soviet-proxy troops threat a price that will go far higher if they cannot the most troublesome provisions in the bill en our vital interests in Central America, learn to live at peace in the civilized commu reported from the House Foreign Affairs the Middle East, Southeast and Southwest nity of nations. Through their outrageous Committee. Asia, and across the breadth of Africa. acts-the invasion of Afghanistan, the de He knew it was wrong to assume that an struction of human rights at home, the im ELIMINATION OF COCOM LICENSING economically more powerful U.S.S.R. would position of martial law in Poland, and the The House Committee bill significantly come automatically to accept our values, commission of this latest outrage against weakens our enforcement program and our our belief in the free enterprise system, and humanity-the U.S.S.R. has forced the discussions with the allies on coordination our commitment to individual liberties. West to react with a series of defense and of policy by eliminating certain licensing re The shooting down of an unarmed civilian economic measures which demonstrate our quirements for exports to COCOM coun airliner shows just how little the Soviets unwillingness to accept this conduct. tries, which consist of the NATO countries have absorbed our standards, while they To complement our East-West trade work minus Iceland plus Japan. It states that a profit from our trade. The recent tragedy program with the allies, the Administration validated license can only be required for forces us to search for an appropriate re has submitted to Congress legislation ex exports to certain end-users rather than the sponse. tending the Export Administration Act country as a whole. This eliminates the President Reagan was quick to speak out which provides the President adequate au "paper trail" needed for effective enforce forcefully in strong condemnation of this thority to impose effective national security ment and is administratively infeasible. terrible deed. He appealed immediately to and foreign policy controls. Commerce would be required to identify and the allies to join us in a measured range of The President must retain this authority publish a list of foreign proscribed end sanctions in the area of civil aviation which if our contributions to the Warsaw Pact's users. Having to establish the legitimacy of have commanded broad international sup military buildup are to be limited, or if he is all potential end-users in advance and port. to have the ability to apply new economic against the whole spectrum of controlled He also pledged the U.S. would redouble sanctions against the Soviets or their surro items would divert resources, be of limited its efforts to control the flow of strategic gates. effectiveness and generate controversy over and military sensitive technologies to the There are voices in Congress who would the "blacklisting" of companies. Further U.S.S.R. strip away the President's power here, just more, virtually all other COCOM countries 24958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 have licensing requirements for transfers ensure that our export controls are not cir BOAT REFUGEES' HORRORS among themselves. At the very time the cumvented by shipments through third United States is seeking to harmonize the li countries. Re-export controls must be main censing procedures within COCOM, we tained if our controls are to achieve their in HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ should not be asked to take a unilateral step tended purpose. OF NEW YORK away from harmonization because of this In conclusion, I again want to emphasize provision. the important contributions Congress can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MANDATORY ELIMINATION OF UNILATERAL make in working with the Administration to Tuesday, September 20, 1983 CONTROLS advance our broad strategic trade goals. I e Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I would The bill also requires that militarily sensi also would like to commend the Republican tive technology and equipment which has Steering Committee for holding this hear like to bring to the attention of my been approved for export to a country ing, and I wish you every success in your en colleagues the following article by group for a one-year period must be decon deavors.e Roger Winter which recently appeared trolled completely, unless Commerce is able in the New York Times regarding to prove that a particular end-user should piracy in the Gulf of Thailand. not receive such exports. HE KEPT US OUT OF PEACE Brutal atrocities, including murder, This provision raises many of the same rape, kidnaping, and robbery, continue problems with respect to national security to be inflicted upon innocent refugees and administrative effectiveness as the HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. elimination of COCOM licensing. It would fleeing from Indochina in search of require compiling a list of proscribed end OF INDIANA freedom by boat. In the first 3 months users within that country group. More im IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of 1983, 53 percent of the boats arriv portantly, there would be no way adminis ing in Thailand were attacked-on an tratively to assure that a product decon Tuesday, September 20, 1983 average of 2112 times each. trolled for one country group would not be • Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, here is a Some progress has been achieved in diverted to another country group for which letter I received from Mr. Judson F. controls on that product continue to apply. curbing these criminal attacks, but the We would also lose the ability in particular Haggerty of Indianapolis, Ind. It level of brutality remains intolerable. I transactions to monitor end-users and end seems fortunate that he and Mark agree with Mr. Winter's conclusion uses in decontrolled country groups, increas Twain were able to get together at this that "the world community can do ing the chances that Soviet "front" compa critical time when the administration much better." I commend Mr. Winter nies would be able to illegally obtain mili seems so prone to compel history to and the United States Committee for tary technology. The effectiveness of the li repeat itself. Our country should go to Refugees, which he directs, for the censing system would therefore be severely war when we have to, not just when leadership and humanitarian concern undercut. we have a chance to. which led them to recently send a del FOREIGN AVAILABILITY PROVISIONS WEAKEN egation to Southeast Asia to study :MULTILATERAL CONTROLS HAGGERTY & HAGGERTY, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, what could be done to protect these in The use of the foreign availability ration Indianapolis, Ind., August 1, 1983. nocent refugees. ale in the Committee bill to decontrol stra Congressman ANDREW JACOBS, Jr., BOAT REFUGEES' HORRORS tegic technologies and equipment would also House Office Building, have a very adverse impact on our licensing Washington, D.C. program. The bill states that negotiations DEAR ANDY: I have come up with Reagan's WASHINGTON.-The flow of Vietnamese must be conducted to eliminate the avail campaign slogan for '84-"He Kept Us Out boat refugees has fallen sharply since 1979, ability from foreign sources of items con of Peace." This latest foolishness in Central yet there remains a steady leakage across trolled for national security purposes; if the America reminds us of Mark Twain's warn the Gulf of Thailand and the South China availability is not eliminated within six ing: Sea of those who have experienced or fear months the item must be decontrolled. "The loud little handful-as usual-will repression by Vietnamese authorities. We agree that fair enforcement of con shout for the war. The pulpit will-warily Today's refugees face the same dangers as trols requires multilateral cooperation, and and cautiously-object-at first; the great, their predecessors; rough seas and un we are committed to making every effort to big, dull bulk of the nation will rub its seaworthy boats; Vietnamese Navy patrols; eliminate foreign availability. Requiring ne sleepy eyes and try to make out why there and, in some cases, an inhospitable welcome gotiations to do this is entirely appropriate. on the receiving shores. But these dangers But mandating that national security con should be a war, and will say, earnestly and indignantly, "It is unjust and dishonorable, pale next to the horror of pirate attacks. trols on such items be lifted if foreign avail and there is no necessity for it." Then the The pirates are not of the swashbuckling va ability is not eliminated within six months handful will shout louder. A few fair men riety, but rather common thugs and mur could have serious ramifications. We might, on the other side will argue and reason derers on the high seas. as a consequence, be required to unilaterally against the war with speech and pen, and at More than two-thirds of all Vietnamese decontrol items on the COCOM control list first will have a hearing and be applauded; refugee boats that land in Thailand and Ma which are available from other foreign but it will not last long; those others will laysia are attacked by pirates, most more sources even if our negotiations to control out shout them, and presently the anti-war than once. "Attack" in a term that covers a the items have not been completed. This audiences will thin out and lose popularity. multitude of atrocities. Theft of whatever would damage our position in COCOM. In Before long you will see this curious thing: valuables the refugees have brought with addition, although we appreciate the con the speakers stoned from the platform, and them is universal. Frequently the attackers cern that U.S. businesses should not be pre free speech strangled by hordes of furious also steal the boat's motor or otherwise dis cluded from selling their products overseas men who in their secret hearts are still at able the craft, causing enormous suffering if foreign competitors are not similarly re one with those stoned speakers-as earlier and loss of life. However, violence is the stricted, our discretion to maintain U.S. con but do not dare to say so. And now the most vicious of all. trols on sensitive items under certain cir whole nation-pulpit and all-will take up On May 6, for example, a boat carrying 31 cumstances should not be eliminated. the war-cry, and shout itself hoarse, and Vietnamese refugees was attacked twice by EXTRATERRITORIAL AUTHORITY MUST BE mob any honest man who ventures to open Thai pirates. Twelve of the refugees were RETAINED his mouth; and presently such mouths will knifed or clubbed to death and thrown over Finally, the bill removes the President's cease to open. Next the statesmen will board. Three young women were abducted; authority to impose foreign policy export invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the possibility that they survived is mini controls extraterritorially without prior ap the nation that is attacked, and every man mal. Twelve more people drowned when the proval of Congress. This provision under will be glad of those conscience-soothing fal refugee boat sank while being towed by the mines the President's ability to conduct U.S. sities, and will diligently study them, and pirates. Only four men survived. In this inci foreign policy. For example, it severely refuse to examine any refutations of them; dent it is not known whether rapes oc limits the effectiveness of antiterrorist for and thus he will by and by convince himself curred. The normal pattern, however, is for eign policy controls which require extrater that the war is just, and will thank God for young women to be repeatedly raped, some ritorial application of U.S. laws to be effec the better sleep he enjoys after this process times dozens of times. If abducted, they and tive. Additionally, the provision could be of grotesque self-deception." any young children with them are usually read to eliminate re-export controls as well. Yours very truly, thrown overboard; a few are sold into prosti Controls on re-exports are necessary to JUDSON F. HAGGERTY .• tution. September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24959 Of the scores of boat refugees I inter ALIEN: YURIY ANDROPOV people what they want. Also, there is viewed recently as part of a United States present in the aftermath of any Kremlin Committee for Refugees team in Thailand succession, when public attention is focused and Malaysia, only one traveled on a boat HON. JACK FIELDS directly though fleetingly upon the rulers of that was not attacked during the journey. OF TEXAS the Soviet regime, a generalized tendency to In every case, the pirates were Thal. In most IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES contain the popular anti-Communist senti cases the pirates were armed, but in almost Tuesday, September 20, 1983 ment in the West that might take hold if no cases were the refugees armed. Some the record of the new leader were properly •Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, when scrutinized. times, the pirates appeared to be common Yuriy Andropov ascended to the gen fishermen opportunistically attacking a vul BEHIND THE MASK nerable target. eral secretaryship of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union last year, Consequently, the KGB disinformation Many boat people do not live to tell their network hardly had to work overtime on stories. Those who do are carefully de and subsequently became President of Yuri Andropov's image. An impression of a briefed by United Nations authorities. What the U.S.S.R., the Western media was man of Western tastes who like American emerges ls a picture of mayhem on the high quickly engulfing the free world with jazz-and for a separate generation the seas involving unarmed refugees that ls, I false portraits of Mr. Andropov. If one tango as well-emerged quite smoothly. The believe, unequaled anywhere in the world. were gullible enough to believe the re man of intellect and wide sympathies was No one disputes the evidence-not the ports and feature articles, one would easy to sell and package. Thal Government, the United Nations or have accepted Yuriy Andropov as a There was, quite naturally, something of a the United States Government. But no one kind, tolerant, gentle, likeable connois minor reaction to all of this among high stops the attacks. seur of Western literature and jazz brow conservative circles within the West, The Thal Government operates a small, but the initial image flickers on, and some marginally effective antipiracy program in music. seven months after the event a correspond the Gulf of Thailand. The $3.6 million used Fortunately a number of articles and ent for the New York Times can refer to in this effort last year was provided by a books have recently been coming into Mr. Andropov, without a shred of evidence dozen nations, the United States being the print which present a more realistic or the use of named sources, as "said by his largest donor. look at Mr. Andropov and teach some associates to be more cosmopolitan than his The Thai Navy uses decoy boats, spotter thing about Soviet society and the predecessors." planes and fast patrol boats to cover an area power processes at work inside the In this environment it is refreshing to be of 18,000 square miles. With only one unit party leadership. Two such books are able to turn to the first serious account of of each type on dally patrol and many at Mr. Andropov's background to appear in "Andropov: New Challenge to the book form. Andropov: New Challenge to the tacks occurring outside the project area, the West" (by Beichman and Bernstam) West is a political biography of the new deterrent effect, while perceptible, is mini and "The Russian Version of the Soviet chief. Mr. Beichman and Mr. Bern mal. A team of experts in marine patrol and Second World War" reader with intriguing glances ugees. At the prompting of Representative Mr. Speaker, the reviews follow: not only into Mr. Andropov's background Stephen Solarz, Democrat of New York, and character but also into the nature of Congress has appropriated $5 million to ALIEN the Soviet elite, its system of recruitment, contribute to this and related efforts, right that from Voice of America broadcasts or other ern media, together with the remnants of oversaw the Volga construction project and sources that pirate attacks should be ex the Western foreign policy establishments, directed the slave labor that built it. During pected. They also knew it was possible, if would attempt to portray a new boss in the this period the future Soviet chief with lib Eastern bloc both as a force for stability eral tastes evidently worked closely with they landed in Thailand, that they would be and as a Communist with a human face. two of the worst Stalinoid apparatchiks, interned for a period of years without hope Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, who ascend Yacob Rappoport and Sergei Zhuk, both re of resettlement by Thai authorities seeking ed to the general secretaryship of the Com ferred to in some detail in the second to eliminate the flow of boat refugees. We munist Party of the Soviet Union volume of Solzhenitsyn's Gulag Archipela asked everyone, if, having emerged from the on November 15, 1982, and subsequently go. Mr. Beichman and Mr. Bernstam argue trauma of attack and impending intern became president of the U.S.S.R., was that having worked closely with these two ment, they would again attempt to flee Viet simply the beneficiary of a Western need. was "like having worked for Heinrich nam. In every case but one they answered Whoever had won the tussle to succeed Himmler and Adolph Eichmann, in the later with a clear yes. The one exception was a Brezhnev would have been accorded the Nazi period." And Mr. Andropov was pro woman who had watched her 15-year-old same lenient treatment. moted. Later, at age 26, we see him leading, daughter raped and abducted, probably Pleasant characteristics-a certain liberal according to the biography, "a team sent to never to be seen again. To her, the cost of ity, a measure of tolerance, a lack of fanati terrorize the population of the newly estab freedom had been too high. cism, and the like-would have been attrib lished Karelo-Finnish Republic." For refugees, the cost of freedom is always uted to party leaders like Viktor Grishin, Mr. Beichman and Mr. Bernstam develop high. But all of us must agree that pirate at Vladimir Dolgikh, Mikhail Gorbachev, or a portrait of the young Mr. Andropov that tacks exact an inhuman price. Regardless of Mr. Andropov's most serious rival for the is, to say the least, unsavory. Their Mr. politics, the entire world has a vested inter post, Konstantin Chernenko. Even Mr. Andropov is at home in the Stalinesque est in stamping out ruthless violence. It is Andropov's predecessors at the head of the world of slave labor and terror, a guileful intolerable for the civilized world to allow or Soviet security apparatus-the odious Gen operator in the lower reaches of the Com to ignore such violence against refugees or rikh Yagoda and the repugnant Lavrenti munist system, a Komsomol opportunist Beria-had they been born later and suc carefully developing contacts with patrons any other peaceable people. ceeded to the top Moscow and in the NKVD. The world community can do much ed), would have lived to see the gentler side The biographers tell us little about the per better.e of their natures paraded before Western sonal life of the aspiring Mr. Andropov eyes. indeed there is hardly anything known A world both hungering for stability and about it-but an investigation into this area fearing war quite naturally wants to believe would be fruitful, for the new Soviet chief, the best of the man placed in authority over the man of Western tastes and liberal out the globe's most powerful military machine. look, hardly derived such human sensibility And the trivial and often gullible media give from his official life. 24960 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 ONE OP THE GANG ogy of a type hardly seen in the West out fraternal family of Soviet nations. The Su One particularly intriguing aspect of Mr. side small sects of millenarian psycho preme Soviet complied." Andropov's rise from local and regional paths." The Soviet invasion of Finland, described "politics" to the center of events ts revealed For those who remain, after reading this as "armed conflict with Finland," ts treated in this readable biography. Mr. Andropov powerful book, unconvinced about Mr. Con in the following way: "The Soviet state was was evidently a Junior member of what Mr. quest's thesis that "them" and "us" are ut faced with the acute problem of further Beichman and Mr. Bemstam discern and de terly different and distinct, I can recom strengthening its security, in particular on scribe as a brotherhood within the Commu mend an intriguing little book entitled "The the frontier with Finland ... At the end of nist party, a "loosely organized hierarchical Russian Version of the Second World War," November 1939, artillery fire directed in group within the party, one with its own edited by Graham Lyons. In his book, pub provocation against our territory from the rules, its own traditions and aspirations, a lished in 1976, Mr. Lyons has compiled an Finnish side forced the Soviet government Marxist-Lentntst brotherhood of power and account of the Second World War as seen to take retaliatory measures. Thus Finnish strategy." This group included such figures through the eyes of Soviet authors of Rus reactionary forces, incited by Fascist Ger as Mikhail Suslov, Brezhnev, Nikolai Patoll sian schoolbooks. Naturally, things being many and the other imperialist powers, un chev . Frol Kozlov, what they are, these schoolbooks amount to leashed war against the Soviet Union." and Boris Ponomarev. After the Second the official history of the war according to The incorporation of the Baltic states into World War this brotherhood began to take the Soviet party. They are deeply instruc the Soviet system is dealt with in the follow up key positions in the party apparatus, and tive. ing way: "The German invasion of Poland in 1952 they began preparing, with Stalin, a Any Soviet, or indeed Russian, interpreta also added to the danger of a Nazi attack new wave of terror and another party purge. tion of the events of the Second World War upon the Soviet Unon from the Baltic shore But the brotherhood evidently received a se is bound to be distinct from those prevalent . . . There was the danger that they Cthe rious setback after Stalin's death. The coali in the West. Among normal states this is Baltic states] would become German vassal tion of Georgi Malenkov, Beria, and Khru certainly the case: The American view pre states . . . In view of this the Soviet govern shchev, and then the emergence of Khru sented in the schools no doubt differs sig ment approached the Baltic governments shchev, virtually exiled Mr. Andropov from nificantly from that of the British, and the with the offer of mutual assistance treaties. the outer ring of power, and he was on his British from that of the French. As a young The Soviet proposals were met favorably by way to the Budapest embassy. Englishman, I was brought up to believe the peoples of these countries, and their The biographers suggest, however, that that we British virtually won the war single Governments gave their consent . . . The the brotherhood succeeded in making a handedly, that the Americans came in late, treaties fortified the defenses of the Soviet comeback as Khrushchev's power waned, at the last moment as usual, that the Union and the Baltic republics." and that the key figure was the austere French let us down in 1940, and so forth. One is tempted, even in the medium of a Suslov, who was able to place his client Mr. These impressions were culled from review, simply to reproduce quote after Andropov into a seat in the party secretar schoolbooks, from home life, and from quote from "The Russian Version," and iat following the Cuban missile crisis. By movies. However, these simplistic and dis without comment. Soviet "historians" can 1967, with Brezhnev and Suslov and Mr. torted notions did not last long as I, togeth rightly argue that it was the Soviet Union Ponomarev increasing their reach and er no doubt with my generation in other that bore the brunt of the fighting and the power, the brotherhood was able to secure democratic countries, gained access to other horrow, and there is now a preponderance for Mr. Andropov both a candidate member points of view, read more scholarly interpre of Western opinion that would agree with ship in the Politburo and the control of the tations, and traveled. There was certainly them. But the sheer Orwellian doublespeak KGB. no official view of the Second World War and the "big lie" technique that infuse this The authors argue that the gang around imposed upon me, and there was also a good Russian version on so many other fronts Suslov, a coterie in which Mr. Andropov was deal of plain old anti-British sentiment in take the whole issue beyond rational argu playing an ever-increasing role, was never at many of the schoolbooks. Just as American ment. home with the destalinization process at schoolchildren today are instructed in the The madness of it all is that the Soviet tempted in the fifties, and that the Khru wickedness of the American war in Vietnam, historians who wrote this version may even shchev period was, in the words of a key so were British schoolchildren told about believe in it. Can Robert Conquest be gain sentence in the book, "in the nature of a the evils of the British Empire. sayed when he argues that men like Yuri long transition between Stalin and the These points need to be borne in mind Andropov are "products of a history quite Brezhnev-Suslov coalition." The brother when one reads The Russian Version. It is alien to our own"? hood also disliked the party line, still in not actually the Russian version; it is rather • liberal tastes, became so frustrated with this THE FRATERNAL SOVIET FAMILY state of affairs that he made an extraordi nary speech as early as 1967 that, in effect, But the main interest in this small book resurrected the reputation of the NKVD. lies in some of the breathtaking assertions SINGLE-EMPLOYER PENSION made by Yuri Andropov's KGB as it helped PLAN AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1983 MILLENARIAN PSYCHOPATHS prepare and approve this history. Let us Here was the newly installed KGB chief take the official account of the Nazi-Soviet showing his real colors and speaking for a pact, which is called, interestingly, the HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY gang that saw clearly that Communist party Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact. It is power rested securely upon "state security argued that the Soviets were right to sign OF MISSOURI organs"-the NKVD, the NKGB, the MOB, because the pact "enabled the Soviet Union IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and their present version, the KGB-from to avoid war on two fronts and to gain time day one of the takeover in 1917. to strengthen the country's defenses." Evi Tuesday, September 20, 1983 Mr. Beichman and Mr. Bemstam have not dently, "the Soviet government realized e Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, today my only set out to put before their readers a de that Hitler had not given up his plans for distinguished colleague from Illinois, tailed biographical sketch of Yuri Andro war against the Soviet Union, and his pro Mr. ERLENBORN, and I are introducing pov; obviously, they are also attempting a posal was a routine manoeuvre of the Facist the Single-Employer Pension Plan much larger task: to weaken or destroy the leadership." Western intelligentsia's fatal attraction to Following the pact, "The Nazis could not Amendments Act of 1983, which the notion that Soviet leaders are the same be allowed to reach the Soviet border . . . amends the Employee Retirement kind of species of political being as our own This ts why in pursuance of its liberation Income Security Act of 1974 politicians and that they are understand mission the Soviet Army marched into the and makes conforming changes in the able in Western terms. Robert Conquest, in Western Ukraine and West Byelorussia, Internal Revenue Code of 1954. The an introduction to the political biography, where it was enthusiastically welcomed by bill is urgently needed to put the Pen argues, "There are those in the West who the population." Then, "Throughout Octo sion Benefit Guarantee Corporation would simply have us ignore the historical ber 1939, democratic elections were held in CPBGC), the agency which insures and psychological background of men like the newly liberated areas to people's assem Andropov. They would pay no attention to blies. Acting on the will of the people, these that workers get their private pensions the fact that he and those like him are the assemblies proclaimed Soviet power and re when their companies are in financial products of a history quite alien to our own quested the Supreme Soviet to admit West difficulty, back on a sound financial and are the exemplars of a political psycho!- ern Ukraine and Western Byelorussia in the footing. September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24961 The bill would strengthen the PBGC We invite the administration and tively bargained plans in which coverage of program in two significant ways: by the single-employer pension communi participants is specifically bargained and raising the insurance premium for ty as a whole to work with us to refine embodied in collective bargaining agree single-employer plans from the cur this bill. We have identified particular ments or plan documents. rent $2.60 per year per plan partici areas of concern in the summary A. Standard termination pant to $6 and by restructuring· the which follows. We intend to work This type of termination is available to all single-employer insurance program to quickly. Enough time has gone by and contributing sponsors regardless of financial limit access to PBP.C assistance only the problems are well-known. The condition and does not require PBGC ap to those cases in which workers' pen Subcommittee on Labor-Management proval. Certain procedural requirements sions are jeopardized because their Relations will hold a hearing on this must be met, however, and certain obliga bill on September 28, 1983, in room tions to employees may not be abrogated. employers are in genuine financial dif Under a standard termination, future bene ficulty. No changes to the multiem 2261 of the Rayburn House Office fit accruals cease but additional service ployer insurance system are made by Building at 10 a.m. Shortly thereafter beyond the termination date must be count this bill. the subcommittee will mark up the ed for vesting and eligibility purposes. This Over a year ago, the administration bill. We urge all affected parties to is generally a codification of the current asked Congress to approve the single share their comments and suggestions practice permitted by the Internal Revenue employer premium increase but the with us as soon as possible so that, Service required pension contributions to total the greater the financial pressures on quire prior notice and other preconditions annualized wages of covered participants, the insurance system. to termination in the case of certain collec- and required pension contributions to 24962 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 gross income, have doubled over a stated which is due to the PBGC. Payments to par gation change with respect to the benefits period of time. ticipants, and beneficiaries from the termi for which the liability is transferred. An ex For purposes of these tests, a substantial nation trust are designed to pay whenever ception to the general rule occurs in the member of a controlled group is a person possible the difference between vested and case in which a person who is a contributing whose assets comprise 5% or more of the guaranteed benefits. sponsor of the transferor plan is also a con total assets of the controlled group. Although payments into the termination tributing sponsor of the transferee plan. In Once one of these tests is met, the proce trust are limited in duration to a period of this case, such contributing sponsor and dure followed by the PBGC to effectuate time ending on the earlier of the 10th fiscal each member of such sponsor's control the termination is intended to be generally year after the year in which the plan termi group does not undergo a benefit obligation the same as current law. Determinations of nated or the year in which the trust has change . before any distress termination is complete. erwise payable by the PBGC or the plan, Under the second set of conditions, in any We do not intend to put PBGC in any worse payments from the trust to participants and case in which a person ceases to be a con position than it is under current law nor do beneficiaries will continue as long as there tributing sponsor with respect to a single we intend to set up a structure for distress is money in the trust. If in any given year, employer plan, each member of such spon termination which invites additional litiga however, there is not enough money to sor's control group undergoes a benefit obli tion. We, therefore, solicit the comments of make the annual lump sum payments to all gation change. An exception to the general the PBGC and others as to the appropriate participants and beneficiaries, they may get rule provides that such a person does not ness of these distress tests to identify finan no payment at all or only a pro rata pay undergo a benefit obligation change if im cially stressed companies for whom pension ment. If money is subsequently contributed mediately after the change such person is a relief is essential. In addition, we invite com to the trust, generally no makeup payments contributing sponsor of the plan or a ments on the necessity for providing greater are required. member of the controlled group of a con protection for PBGC against unnecessarily lengthy dis A new part is added to Title IV to Under the third set of conditions, in any putes over net worth. close the loophole under present law <1> case in which a person ceases to be a TERMINATIONS BY THE CORPORATION which allows a controlled group of corpora member of a controlled group <1) such The PBGC's authority to terminate a plan tions to spin-off a subsidiary and its related person undergoes a benefit obligation involuntarily under section 4042 of ERISA pension liabilities thus removing the con change with respect to benefits under any is generally unchanged. trolled group from the reach of the PBGC single employer plan of which any member in the event the subsidiary terminates its of such person's controlled group is a con LIABILITY FOLLOWING PLAN TERMINATION pension plans and <2> in which the liability tributing sponsor and <2> each such con Once a plan has been terminated in a dis to the PBGC can be increased dramatically trolled group member undergoes a benefit tress termination or by the PBGC under its when a company sells its assets and trans obligation change with respect to benefits own authority, persons may be liable to the fers its pension liabilities to a buyer which under any single employer plan of which PBGC and, in certain instances, to partici is financially weaker than the seller. Section such person is a contributing sponsor as of pants and beneficiaries. That liability is de 112 of the bill contains all the new sections both immediately before and immediately scribed in section 4062 . Those who are liable are identified in subsection benefit obligation change, which triggers a 5 the amount of the assets of such person at . The amount of liability to PBGC and respectively. Subsection contains sponsor or controlled group member is con group and there is not more than one such a special rule limiting liability for certain tingently liable. In the event of a benefit ob change within 5 years of the plan termina persons who are liable under section 4062 ligation change, a formerly obligated person tion. not as contributing sponsors but rather only is jointly and severally liable on a contin Section 4073 sets forth the amount and as members of controlled groups of those gent basis for 5 years from the occurrence payment of contingent liability. Subject to sponsors. of the event. The 5 year period is extended reductions under Section 4075, the liability A. Liability to PBGC to 10 years if within the first 5 years one of of any contingently liable person under part The contributing sponsors and all mem the following events occur in connection 2 in connection with a single employer plan with the new contributing sponsor : a bankruptcy proceeding is initiated funded guaranteed benefits, less the amount the full underfunding of the plan with re against such person, such person makes an of any liability collected by the PBGC from spect to guaranteed benefits. In addition, primarily liable persons. Under regulations unpaid contributions must be added to the of the 5 year period to 10 years is that the net worth, the excess amount is payable in amount of unfunded guaranteed benefits. the same manner and to the same extent as If the sum of all the amounts described total unfunded nonforfeitable benefits in above exceeds the sum of 30 percent of the connection with the change must exceed $5 is the case for persons who are primarily net worth of each liable person, then the million and the ratio or employer pension liable The 30 percent amount described tingent liability provisions may be applied extent of 5% of pre-tax profits to the termi above, and nation trust established jointly by primarily <2> An amount equal to 10 percent of the to composite single-employer plans under pretax-profits of each contributing sponsor which two or more employers who are not liable and secondarily liable persons. and all members of their controlled groups in the same controlled group> contributes to Under Section 4074, if the PBGC receives for a period of 10 fiscal years following the the covered plan. liability payments in full satisfaction of Section 4072 describes the conditions amounts of unfunded guaranteed benefits fiscal year in which the plan terminates. If under which a person undergoes a "benefit and unpaid contributions, then contingently there are not profits in any fiscal year, no obligation change" with respect to benefits liable persons who have made liability pay profit payment to the PBGC is required. under a single employer plan, thus trigger ments succeed to the claims which the cor B. Liability to participants and ing contingent employer liability. poration would otherwise have against pri beneficiaries Under the first set of conditions, contin marily and other secondarily liable persons Contributing sponsors and all members of gent liablity is triggered in any case in to the extent of any amounts not collected their controlled groups who are liable under which the liability for some or all of the by the PBGC. The recourse of contingently section 4062 are required to contribute to a benefits under a single employer plan is liable persons against primary and other special termination trust described in new transferred to one or more other single em secondarily liable persons is subject to any section 4042A . The ployer plans. Any person who, at the time of relevant agreement which may have been contribution is limited to 5 percent of the transfer, is a contributing sponsor of the made among such persons. pretax profits calculated and payable in the transferor plan, or a member of such spon Under Section 4075 the amount of contin same fashion as the 10 percent of profits sor's control group undergoes a benefit obli- gent liability for which a person may be September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24963 liable may be reduced if the person demon Under Section 4078, the PBGC and any prevent sound conservation and man strates to the PBGC that the amount of un person liable under Title IV shall in a agement practices. funded guaranteed benefits immediately timely fashion and after a written request Sea World, Inc., a well-known insti before the benefit obligation change is less provide any other contingently tution dedicated to research and edu Section 4073. In addition if a subsidiary is liable person such information they may cation through public display, has ap liable by reason of membership in a con have in their possession which is required plied for a permit to remove from the trolled group based on a percentage of under the Section 4076 safe harbors to show wild up to 10 killer whales over the common interest of less than 80 percent but that the conditions under that section are course of 5 years. The killer whales more than 50 percent, the amount of such met. will be transported live to Sea World person's liability is limited to the previously Under Section 4079, to the maximum facilities and will become part of Sea determined amount multiplied by the per extent possible, the PBGC shall take such centage of common interest. Finally the actions as may be necessary and appropriate World's captive marine mammal amount for which any contingently liable to assure that all civil actions against per breeding program, a program that has person may be liable is reduced by the sons who are primarily and secondarily successfully preserved a number of amount of such person's liability which may liable are brought under the jurisdiction of species. Due to the wording of the arise under Section 4063 or Section 4064 in a single Federal Court. Marine Mammal Protection Act, the connection with a composite single employ LIENS IN FAVOR OF THE PLAN permit includes a request to take up to er plan. As we understand current practice, when a 100 whales; however, "take" in this Section 4076 sets forth exemptions and waiver of the minimum funding require context means simply to disturb, not safe harbors in connection with contingent ments is granted, the Internal Revenue employer liability. A person is not liable to harm or kill. During the course of Service often requires that if a plan termi the operation, Sea World will allow under the contingent liability provisions if nates before the waived amounts are fully the person is also primarily liable under repaid, those amounts become a debt due scientists to conduct a number of Section 4062. and owing to the plan at the time of termi needed research activities on the A person is not contingently liable if, after nation. Both the bill introduced in the whales so that our knowledge of this the plan termination, he demonstrates that Senate and section 112 of this bill animal can be increased. one of the following requirements have provide for a lien for the waived amounts One would think that a program de been met. Under the first safe harbor the arising in favor of the plan at the time of signed to increase knowledge about a otherwise contingently liable person must the waiver. Both bills demonstrate that the total amount of un relatively unknown species and to rely on the plan administrator to decide breed that species so that it will sur funded nonforfeitable benefits under all whether, when, and on what collateral to single employer plans for which such person perfect. This raises both theoretical and vive in perpetuity, all at no cost to the is a contributing sponsor is less than practical fiduciary responsibility questions taxpayer, would be supported by con $500,000. Under the second safe harbor the which we are currently trying to resolve. servationists everywhere. Unfortu otherwise contingently liable person must nately, such is not the case. Green demonstrate that a particular ratio equals Rather than hold up introduction of the bill or exceeds one-third. The ratio is the total any longer, we are soliciting suggestions peace, an organization dedicated to net operating income of all persons who are from the PBGC, the Department of Labor saving whales, has filed objections, as contributing sponsors of the tection for the plan and PBGC while not those of you who have forgotten, plan and all members of such sponsor's con needlessly encumbering all property of the Greenpeace is the organization that trol group, divided by the total amount of contributing sponsor. sent members into the Soviet Union unfunded nonforfeitable benefits under all ENFORCEMENT and then used that episode to raise single employer plans of which such per Section 113 of the bill contains the en funds with large advertisements in the sons' are contributing sponsors. Under the forcement provisions. In addition to expand third safe harbor, the otherwise contingent ing PBGC's authority to enforce the condi Washington Post. Greenpeace objects ly liable person must demonstrate to the tions of a standard termination, the bill to the proposal because the killer satisfaction of the PBGC that the financial adds a new section 4096 to ERISA in which whales removed from the wild will be position of the new control group in connec is consolidated all rights of contributing put on public display. They ignore all tion with the benefit obligation change is at sponsors of participants and others to en of the scientific knowledge that will be least as favorable as the financial position force certain Title IV provisions against ter obtained from this proposal, as well as of the old control group prior to the change. minated single-employer plans or the the information that every visitor who The fourth safe harbor is available if the sale occurs because of the The provisions of the bill are generally ef World's proposal believe that knowl death or retirement of any beneficial owner fective on the date of enactment. edge should only be available to the of any contributing sponsor or controlled CONFORMING INTERNAL REVENUE CODE select few that belong to environmen group member, <3> the total number of em AMENDMENTS tal organizations. ployees of all such contributing sponsors These are contained in Title II of the bill George Will, the distinguished and controlled group members does not and include provisions providing for deduct writer, recently authored a column on exceed 250 at the end of the 2 plans years ibility of contingent liability payments for preceeding the dealth or retirement, and (4) controlled group members and for payments the Sea World proposal. I think it the unfunded nonforfeitable benefits under required under a standard termination.• should be read by every Member of all plans covering the employees of such this House and I ask that it be printed contributing sponsors and controlled group in the RECORD. members does not exceed $750,000. THERE IS MORE THAN ONE WAY Under the fifth safe harbor, the contin TO SAVE THE WHALES [From Newsweek, Aug. 29, 19831 gent liability provisions do not apply in any THE ORCAS OF SEA WORLD case in which the terminated plan has no unfunded nonforfeitable benefits for any 2 HON. DON YOUNG consecutive plan years beginning on or after OF ALASKA Whales deserve no enemies and better the date of the benefit obligation change IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends. Some misanthropes love whales and ending on or before the termination only because they are repelled by humans. Fur fer of liability for benefits between plans, if e Mr. YOUNG of Ala.ska. Mr. Speak thermore, because protecting whales is a the amount of assets transferred exceeds er, on numerous occasions I have cause adopted by some persons who despise such liability, then the contingent liability taken the floor of this House to ex everything in Western civilization except provisions are made inapplicable. bran muffins, right-wingers sport bumper Under Section 4077, the PBGC may waive press my concern about environmental stickers that say "Nuke the whales." that the interest of the PBGC are adequate series of attempts by preservation Today a dispute about a few orcas is jeopardizing a worthy institution. 24964 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 Sea World in San Diego blends entertain Ralph Munro, who is now Washington's sec submitted a written statement for the ment, education and research. It is compara retary of state and whose family has lived RSC hearing. I am asking that the ble in quality to San Diego's famous zoo. It on Puget Sound for four generations, was cooperates with many universities and re sailing when he observed a Sea World at statement be printed in the CONGRES search institutions, such as the Scripps In tempt to collect orcas, using boats, planes SIONAL RECORD for the benefit of the stitution of Oceanography. The most and small noisemakers that critics enjoy Members. famous feature of Sea World is a show by calling "bombs." He found it "gruesome" and now our request and has not been edited. million persons visited Sea World and two says things like: "The people" are tired of sister facilities near Cleveland and Orlando. "these southern California amusement STATEMENT BY DR. ZnzisLAw M. RuRARZ, Anyone who sees the orcas perform is un parks taking our wildlife down there to die." FORMER AMBASSADOR OF POLAND TO JAPAN likely thereafter to be indifferent about . A few would re aquariums and other responsible facilities, Your initiative on learning what may be the ceive radio packs for tracking by satellite. such as Sea World, are the only place where motive behind that murder and all the ensu One tooth would be taken from perhaps 20 whales to deter that comes from exposure to magnificent you should be congratulated for. It is still mine aging. Stomach and blood samples creatures. not too late to draw the conclusions from would be taken, and liver biopsies may be If Sea World is denied a permit for 10 the Soviet behavior. It was this behavior performed on animals with certain symp orcas, I hope 230 million Americans go to which was behind my decision to seek the toms, to learn about their feeding habits Puget Sound, unfold lawn chairs on political asylum in the United States after and what parasites and pollutants threaten Munro's lawn, ask for iced tea and water the martial law was declared in Poland. It them. Some electroencephalograms would cress sandwiches and watch the whales. It was not that I did not know earlier whom be made to measure hearing, as is done with will be good for their souls, and will serve the Soviets are, but up to the last moment I human infants. him right.e wanted to believe that perhaps they may At hearings in Seattle last week some sci come to reasons and change. After invading entists endorsed and others criticized Sea Afghanistan and after pushing Jaruzelski to World's research proposals. But the dispute REPUBLICAN STUDY COMMIT declare the war on the Polish nation, I is less about science than about cultural TEE HEARINGS ON KAL 007 could only lose the rest of my hope that the values. Representatives of Greenpeace, an Soviets are corrigible. The downing of the anti-whaling organization, say Sea World is HON. PHILIP M. CRANE Korean jetliner is only another proof of the only interested in profits, a word they speak OF ILLINOIS same Soviet behavior. And promising to as though it soils their lips. The charge is an behave in the same way in the future too, unfounded smear. It is especially obnoxious IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES means beyond any doubt that the Soviets because Sea World's profits are funding nu Tuesday, September 20, 1983 have in deep contempt the human life, merous research projects, and an entire re truth and dignity. search institute, at a moment when public e Mr. PHILIP M. CRANE. Mr. Speak Mr. President, as I have already men research funds are shrinking. er, on September 16, the Republican tioned, we Poles have a particular reason to Environmentalists and others have had Study Committee, of which I am be concerned about the Soviet behavior. the salutary effect of encouraging zoo im chairman, held a hearing on the de I believe it can be of interest to you, Mr. provements, such as getting lions out of struction by the Soviet Union of President, and other Honorable Congress cages and elephants unchained. But the Korean Air Lines flight No. 007 near men, to learn something about the Poles' complaints of some environmentalists about Sakhalin Island. experience in their relations with the Sovi the wickedness of separating creatures from One of the people who was invited to ets. Our experience can be very instructive their natural "ecosystems" suggest that the to the others, because the Soviets do not attack on Sea World is the thin end of a testify but was unable to do so was Dr. change by one iota. large wedge-an attack on the display of Zdzislaw M. Rurarz, former Ambassa Let me quote some historical facts. animals in man-made environments. dor of Poland to Japan who defected On August 23, 1939, when the new world Bashing Sea World has become a cottage to freedom after the imposition of war was hanging over the mankind, and industry in Washington state. In 1976 martial law in his country. Dr. Rurarz, over Poland in particular, Hitler, still hesi- September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24965 tating as to launching it, received the en mitted by the Soviets on the Polish nation. and the elderly. And it was to be "ruthlessly couragement from Stalin in the form of The litany is too long and known too many annihilated" because such was the interest Ribbentrop-Molotov pact. At that time the in this country. of the Bolshevik Revolution opening the world was unaware of the secret protocol on But what I wanted to emphasize in this door to the world dominated by Commu Poland's partitioning attached to it. connection it is the fact that the Soviets nism. Next day, namely on August 24, 1939, the would never admit any, I repeat any, of the And you think, Mr. President, that any Soviet Ambassador to Poland, Nikolay I. above facts. Not only they do not feel guilty body in the Kremlin would hesitate to send Sharonov, told the Polish Minister for For for anything, although in fact they helped the Korean, American, Japanese, Canadian, eign Affairs, Joseph Beck, that the Soviet to unleash together with Hitler the last war in which also many of the Americans fell, Chinese, Australian and other civilian pas German non-aggression agreement in no sengers to certain death carried by the heat way changed the nature of the Soviet-Polish but they demand instead that the Poles be non-aggression agreement. grateful for being occupied by the Soviets. seeking missile against a defenseless passen Three days later, the head of the Red Therefore, Mr. President, I am not aston ger jet if the act is to serve Communism? Army, Marshal Kliment Voroshilov, gave an ished what the Soviets did and what they Do you believe, Mr. President, that Gro interview to the Soviet journal Izvestia say. This is something we have learned by myko's statement about the "sacred bor saying the following: experience. ders" of the USSR is a slip of tongue or that "The question of assistance in the form of Yet there is something more than that. Marshal Ogarkov's warning that in the raw materials and military supplies is a com Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Ruma future the same murderous acts will be re mercial one and there is no need to conclude nia and Finland were relatively sma.11 coun peated, are only limited to the inviolability a mutual assistance pact, still less a military tries on which they could have taken with of Soviet air space? convention, in order to supply Poland with out a risk of even being condemned. Thus No, not at all. The Soviets want to scare these things. that after all those aggressions the USSR the whole humankind and to bring it to sub This statement was to encourage the was expelled from the League of Nations, mission. By killing, not repenting and Poles to resist the German pressure and to but very soon the "Uncle Joe" became the threatening even more killing, the Soviets go to war. Naturally, that statement was most precious ally of the Democracies and effectively defy the human civilization. also to suggest nothing like stabbing the in Teheran and Yalta they went as far as to Mr. President, the Great American nation Poles on the back by the Soviets. abandon not only the above countries, with the possible exception of Finland, although was defied by the Soviets as never before. Moreover, on September l, 1939, when The Soviets deliberately test the firmness of Poland was already under the attack by Hit after agreeing to some limitations of her freedom, but to add few more. your nation. They know only too well how ler's Germany, that same Soviet Ambassa short are memories of those who actually dor N. I. Sharonov called again on Minister By conquering Central and Eastern Europe, with the Red Army on the Elbe never saw the totalitarian systems function. J. Beck and asked why Poland was not nego They count very much on the fact that the tiating with Moscow for supplies as men river, the USSR started a new round of con tioned in the Voroshilov's interview? quests, dragging even the United States in good-natured Americans will soon forget the And the Polish Government sent a special two major and costly wars, one not won and shock and will return to seeing the world courier to Moscow to approach Molotov, the not lost and one lost terribly. through the prism of a wishful thinking. I same who signed the sinister pact with Rib It was overlooked that by abandoning know how the Soviets know you and how in bentrop against Poland and in fact against Central and Eastern Europe to the USSR it fact they neglect you. Believe me, Mr. Presi world peace, to find out about the issue. was in fact the making of it a superpower. dent, I do not want to tease you on this sad Molotov not only explained, on September With Western Europe practically indefen occasion. But I am only warning you 6, that no such supplies could be counted on sible, with Japan extremely vulnerable, with beware of the Soviets. the Middle East, Central American, Africa, Mr. President, I do not suggest you any as mentioned by Voroshilov, but even the Southeast Asia and the Pacific in turmoil, supplies from the West could not pass to and with the Soviets having an edge in first particular action. I am not the citizen of Poland over the Soviet territory. strike nuclear weapons, the world has en this country and I am not entitled to recom But this is not the end of Soviet duplicity. tered the era which is as dangerous as never mend you anything. In order to confuse the Poles even more, before. I have the full confidence in American Molotov stated by the end of the conversa And, Mr. President, you may see by the free and democratic institutions and I know tion. that the above Soviet position can Soviet behavior how much you may count that there are the limits to American pa change. on the Soviet willingness to diminish the tience and tolerance. Still on September 11, the Soviet Ambas dangers this era is carrying along with it. But if the Polish or my own experience sador Sharonov was assuring the Polish The old Soviet crimes, never punished and may help you in making up your mind, then Government that the Soviet Government even truly condemned, are now supplement I can tell you with all the responsibility that had the said matter of supplies under con ed with the new ones. And more is to come, contrary to the past you must not allow the sideration. you may be sure, Mr. President. I as a Pole latest Soviet murder sink into oblivion. Six days later, without any declaration of who lived for more than 42 years under the You bear a great responsibility before the war on Poland, the Soviet troops invaded two totalitarian systems, can assure you humankind and not only before the Great Poland The Soviet tanks waved the white that there is no such crimes the Soviet to flags and the troops were saying to the American Nation. talitarianism would not commit. Once were compromised the ideals for shocked Poles that the Red Army was Moreover, you better forget that a crime coming to help them. And Poland, crum would be ever admitted and much less re which we the Poles went to war, because we bling under the overwhelming superiority of gretted. It will be you who will be guilty for could not surrender before the humiliating German forces, decided not to declare the everything and it will be you who will final ultimatums. war on still another mighty neighbor. Be ly get used to crime as a matter of life reali Nobody more than I wanted to live some lieving that this would spare the lives of ty if you do not draw the proper conclusions how with the Soviets hoping that one day many of her citizens. from the lesson over the Sakhalin island. they would mature. And when I lost that How wrong the Poles were! Soon the Sovi Mr. President, I know only too well Marx hope a death sentence was the only re ets would execute many Poles on the spot ism-Leninism and its main fortress the sponse to me. and many arrests, among them some 15,000 USSR. There is nothing strange about the Mrs. Kathryn McDonald was right when officers, of whom only some 4,500 were Soviet behavior. The Soviets claim that she said that you are at war with the USSR. found dead in Katyrt and with the rest mur Lenin said the future belongs to Commu Not at a shooting war yet, but at the war dered in unknown places. nism. That is supposedly in total accordance over the ideals. If you surrender your ideals That is how the Second World War start with the so-called scientific socialism. And no shooting war will be necessary. ed and what the experience we Poles have. Lenin was a main "scientist" here. And what But if you don't, then be prepared for In the course of that war we lost some 6 was he saying? Let me give you an example, more trials like you had in the last days. I million people, about 1 million in the Soviet quoted from the Lenin's "works" as edited hope the Americans will stay by their ideals. hands although Poland was never, even a in Moscow-telegram to L. D. Trotsky of single day, at war against the USSR. September 10, 1918: Thank you, Mr. President.e The fate of some 2 million ethnic Poles "In my opinion, one must not spare the deported to the USSR, with almost half city and put things off any longer, for ruth never returning, was one of the most grue less annihilation is essential once Kazan is some martyrdoms in the history of the hu said to be in an iron ring" Mr. President, I am not going to mention Mr. President, Kazan was the Russian more examples on the many atrocities com- city, inhabited by Russian children, women 24966 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 CENTRAL INDIANA COUNCIL ON THE EXPORT ADMINISTRATION The COCOM list contains 100-150 catego AGING CELEBRATES 10 YEARS ACT AMENDMENTS OF 1983, ries of items. Some of the individual items OF SERVICE TO OLDER AMERI- H.R. 3231 on the list require unanimous approval by CANS all COCOM members before they can be ex ported to Communist countries; others HON. ED ZSCHAU simply require notification of member coun HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. OF CALIFORNIA tries after the export has taken place. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF INDIANA COMECON Tuesday, September 20, 1983 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. e Mr. ZSCHAU. Mr. Speaker, the Members are Albania, Bulgaria, Cuba, Tuesday, September 20, 1983 House will soon consider H.R. 3231, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Re public, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Roma • Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, Central the Export Administration Act As nia, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and Indiana Council on Aging is complet Amendments of 1983. a member of Vietnam. Albania has not participated since ing 10 stunningly beneficial years of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 1961, but has not withdrawn. See Commu service to the citizens of our communi a cosponsor of the bill, I have some nist Countries entry also. t!mes found the terminology associat ty. Its services benefit not only senior COMMODITY CONTROL LIST citizens but in a very real sense all citi ed with discussions about export con trol to be difficult to understand. With For each of the commodities subject to li zens. All good citizens feel gratitude to this in mind, I am submitting for the censing jurisdiction of the Commerce De the council: · partment, the Commodity Control List RECORD a glossary of terms that I hope shows the licensing requirements for each SENIOR LUNCHEON PROGRAM To MARK 10TH will be of use to my colleagues during YEAR destination . Nutrition Program will mark its 10-year an ExPORT ADMINSTRATION ACT, GLOSSARY COMMUNIST COUNTRIES niversary Friday, October 7 at nutrition Some of the terminology used in discus sites throughout central Indiana. sions of U.S. export policy and the Export The Export Administration Act states The purpose of this program, which is Administration Act may be confusing to that U.S. export policy toward an individual funded through the Older Americans Act of those without a long history of involvement country is not to be determined solely on 1965 title IIIC money, is to provide older with the issue. This glossary is intended as a the basis of that country's Communist or persons, 60 years and over, with a low-cost, quick, though necessarily incomplete, guide non-Communist status. However, the term nutritionally balanced meal five times a for use in understanding some of the terms "Communist Countries" is often used to de week. These meals, which are served at related to export policy. scribe the group of countries to which U.S. lunchtime throughout Marion and the exports are restricted. Z-Cuba, Kampuchea, North Korea, and Vietnam. established in Marion and the seven sur CCL rounding counties, serving daily more than Canada is not included in any country 1,600 older persons at the congregate sites See Commodity Control List group since exports to that country are nor and providing meals for nearly 500 home CHINA DIFFERENTIAL mally not controlled. bound seniors. In total, approximately In 1981 the Reagan Administration an EAA 350,000 meals are served yearly. nounced a policy and a Communist country. dom, the United States, and West Germany EASTERN BLOC ations such as construction projects. Vari ECCN consists of a four-digit number and is KNOW-HOW ous conditions are attached to project li followed by a code letter. Commodities are Services, processes, procedures, specifica censes. listed numerically on the Commodity Con tions, design data and criteria, and testing COMPREHENSIVE OPERATIONS LICENSE trol List by their ECCN. The code letter is techniques needed to achieve a significant This type of license does not exist at the not part of the ECCN but indicates the development, production or utilization pur present time but is proposed in current leg country groups for which a Validated Li pose. islation to amend the Export Administra cense is required for that particular com tion Act. It would govern the export of modity. LICENSEE The U.S. individual or firm receiving a li goods and technology (particularly items on EMBEDDED MICROPROCESSOR cense to export a good and/or technology. the MCTL> between a domestic concern and A microprocessor that concern's approved foreign subsidiar which is built into a product to perform one LICENSES ies, affiliates, and consignees. or more specific operations. A microproces The Export Administration Act permits MCTL the Secretary of Commerce to require the sor can be either reprogrammable or non-re See Militarily Critical Technologies List. programmable. The ECCN for instruments following types of licenses in order to con containing embedded microprocessors is trol exports: MILITARILY CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES 4529B. VALIDATED Technologies which are not possessed by if END USE STATEMENTS Authorizes the export of commodities potential adversary countries and which, exported, would permit a significant ad Statements by the ultimate consignee and and/or technical data within the special limitation set forth in the license document. vance in a military system of any such coun purchaser named in an application for a try. Primary emphasis is on: CD arrays of Validated License certifying to certain facts It is issued only upon the basis of a formal application. design and manufacturing know-how; cm relating to the proposed transaction. keystone manufacturing, inspection, and EXPORT DENIAL LIST QUALIFIED GENERAL test equipment; and goods accompanied A list of names of persons or firms which Authorizes multiple exports of commod by sophisticated operation, application, or are subject to denial or probation orders of ities and/or technical data. It is issued upon maintenance know-how. the basis of a formal application and is used the Office of Export Administration. Any MILITARILY CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES LIST person who contravenes or violates any law, for exports to Eastern Bloc nations. This type of license was first authorized by the Defense Department list of militarily criti order, regulation, license or other authoriza cal technologies. Is classified but guides de tion relating to export control is subject to 1979 amendments to the Export Act. It has seen very little use. cisions on export licensing. Consists of 620 revocation of Validated Licenses and/or to 700 technologies depending on how they general denial of export privileges. GENERAL are counted. Technologies on list might in EXTRATERRITORIALITY No specific application needs to be made future be placed under ITAR or Validated For foreign policy purposes, the President and no document is issued for shipments License controls. made under an established General License may prohibit or curtail the export of any MULTILATERAL CONTROLS goods or technologies subject to U.S. juris authorization. There are different types of General Licenses including: The U.S. and the other member countries diction or exported by any person subject to of COCOM cooperatively control the export U.S. jurisdiction. Thus, in some cases, the G·DEST of 100-150 categories of items. The U.S. also authority can extend to products produced Applicable to the export of any commodi controls some items unilaterally. in a foreign country by a foreign firm which ty listed on the Commodity Control List to is exporting to another foreign country. any destination for which the list indicates MUNITIONS a Validated License is not required. Arms, ammunition, implements of war, FOREIGN AVAILABILITY and the equipment and technical data relat Foreign availability exists when a good or GLV ed to their use, design and production. technology is available to a particular desti Applicable to selected commodities but nation from sources outside the U.S. in suf then only to shipments of limited value and MUNITIONS LIST ficient quantity and of sufficient quality so to free-world destinations. A list showing licensing requirements for the export of munitions. Maintained by the that U.S. export controls would be ineffec GTDA tive. For generally available to the public; cm scien the Commodity Control List except that the eign availability is one factor that must be tific and education data not significantly re CCL applies to commercial products. lated to design, production or utilization of considered in license decisions under the NATIONAL SECURITY CONTROLS Export Administration Act. industrial processes; and CiiD patent applica tion soon to be published in the U.S. The Export Administration Act authorizes FOREIGN POLICY CONTROLS three types of export controls. National se GTDR The Export Administration Act authorizes curity controls are imposed to restrict the three types of export controls. Foreign Authorizes the export of certain types of export of goods and technologies which policy controls are imposed to further sig technical data which may not be exported would make a significant contribution to nificantly the foreign policy of the United under GTDA. Both the types of data which the military potential of any other country States or to fulfill its declared international may be exported and its destinations are or combination of countries which would obligations. Foreign policy controls were limited. Written assurances against reexport prove detrimental to the national security used in the pipeline sanctions against the are generally required. of the United States. curity Controls and Short Supply Controls.) The Secretary of Commerce may establish NATO FREE WORLD other types of licenses as appropriate. Some North Atlantic Treaty Organization. An informal term used to describe the of these licenses are: Members are Belgium, Canada, Denmark, non-Communist countries of the world. DISTRIBUTION France, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, of specified commodities to Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United to these countries. specified consignees in specified countries. States, and West Germany. ITAR The consignees must have been approved in OEA advance as foreign distributors or users. International Trade in Arms Regulations. Office of Export Administration. Located Based on Arms Export Control Act and ad SERVICE SUPPLY within the Department of Commerce. Has ministered by State Department. It is the Authorizes the export of spare replace general responsibility for administering the munitions counterpart to the commercial ment parts. Enables firms to provide prompt Export Administration Act. sector EARs. service for equipment exported from the OPERATION EXODUS KEYSTONE EQUIPMENT U.S. EXODUS is a large-scale U.S. Customs en Equipment required for effective applica PROJECT forcement program designed to stop the ille tion of technical information or know-how. Authorizes exports during one year of all gal export of strategic technology. The pro Generally includes manufacturing, inspec- commodities requiring Validated Licenses gram began in late 1981. 24968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 198 PRC to the categories of items controlled in coop and its economic program-the casual People's Republic of China. eration with COCOM, the United States ties it has claimed have come dispro also controls the export of an additional 30 REEXPORT portionately from the Hispanic com categories of commercial items. The transfer of a good and/or technology munity. It is therefore incumben of United States origin from one foreign WARSAW PACT upon any economic recovery plan tha country to another. Also known as the Warsaw Treaty Organi it benefit all those groups most affect zation . Includes the U.S.S.R., Bul RELIABILITY garia, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hun ed by the recession. If we are to devel Reliability, along with price and quality, is gary, Poland, and Romania. Communist op such a program its centerpiece one of the factors considered by some cus countries in East Europe which do not must be employment. We must be ag tomers in choosing a supplier. Industry belong to the Warsaw Pact are Albania and gressive in putting people back to groups claim that changes in U.S. export Yugoslavia. work in this Nation especially in those policy cause U.S. firms to be perceived as unreliable suppliers by foreign customers. WEST-WEST TRADE communities where unemployment Trade between Free World countries.e has been more rampant and chronic. REVERSE ENGINEERING We cannot abdicate our responsibility A process starting from the finished prod at the Federal level by substituting uct and going backward to its design and HISPANIC HERITAGE WEEK construction methods. .Products differ great training for jobs. There are too many ly in their susceptibility to reverse engineer people in this Nation who are being ing. HON. MARIO BIAGGI trained with Federal funds for jobs OF NEW YORK SANCTITY OF CONTRACTS which may not even exist. I propose IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A sanctity of contracts provision in the that we adopt legislation such as H.R. Export Administration Act would prohibit Tuesday, September 20, 1983 1036 which I have cosponsored and combine employment and training Foreign Polley Controls from affecting any Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, our contract entered into before the date on e under one roof. which such controls are imposed. There is Nation just observed the annual cele We must adopt improved policies to no such provision in the Act at the present bration known as Hispanic Heritage aid women especially those vested time. contributions Hispanics have made to this problem is far more significant. SHORT SUPPLY CONTROLS our Nation and the prospects of a far Households headed by women are at a The Export Administration Act authorizes greater contribution in the future. rate of 23 percent in Hispanic families three types of export controls. Short supply The demographic data compiled by as compared to just 15 percent among controls are imposed to protect the domestic the 1980 census tells us a great deal economy from the excessive drain of scarce the rest of our Nation's racial and about our Nation today. Perhaps one ethnic groups. We must make sure materials and to reduce the serious infla of the most dramatic of all data has to tionary impact of foreign demand. community. In 1970, the total popula We must improve our educational tion of the Hispanic community was TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEES system and make it more responsive to 9.1 million. By the year 1980, it rose to The Export Administration Act provides the changing demographics of this for the formation of Technical Advisory 14.6 million and today the level is at Nation. While the number of Hispan Committees wherever goods and/or 15.9 million. ics attending college has increased in technologies are difficult to evaluate with A further breakdown of the various the past decade we still must improve respect to technical matters, foreign avail Hispanic ethnic groups shows the the quality of education at the ele ability, licensing procedures, or the actual Mexican-American population has in mentary and secondary school level to utilization of production and technology. creased by 93 percent-the Puerto combat underachievements in math The Committees are composed of govern Rican population by 41 percent and ment and industry members. and science. for those of Cuban background the in On this occasion we salute those TECHNICAL DATA crease is 47 percent. The increase for from the Hispanic community who Technology. Information of any kind that all others who fall into the Hispanic can be used, or adapted for use, in the have enhanced our Nation through category rose by 19 percent. their work. Whether the profession be design, production, manufacture, utilization, My home State of New York has one or reconstruction of articles or materials. medicine or music-sports or govern The data may take tangible form, such as a of the higher concentrations of His ment-we find constant leadership model, prototype, blueprint, or an operating panics constituting 11 percent of our among men and women of Hispanic manual; or they may take intangible form population, up from 7 percent in 1970. heritage. This will only increase in the such as technical services. These numbers translate into a dra future and as a nation we should be TECHNOLOGY matic growth pattern for Hispanics in proud of the growth in size and stat The know-how, process steps, and ability our Nation and in so doing the Hispan ure of the Hispanic community. These to convert scientific theory into products ic community gains in importance in are Americans who have a proud herit and practice. Includes technical data. many areas of our society. age but who have goals to make our TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Yet there are two sides to every sta Nation better.e The transfer of technology from one tistic. While it is evident that the country to another. May be accomplished numbers of Hispanics is increasing, it directly or via a third country through li is also apparent that the quality of life RABBI ARTHUR CHIEL censes, sales or theft of technology, turnkey is actually eroding for the Hispanic plants, hardware sales or theft, joint ven community in our Nation. Consider tures, contract bids, patents, publications, HON. BRUCE A. MORRISON the fact that the poverty rate among OF CONNECTICUT textbooks, sales brochures, visits, confer Hispanics is a unacceptable 30 percent. ences and sumposia, training and education, The unemployment rate has almost IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public policy debates, immigration, espio Tuesday, September 20, 1983 nage, and capture of weapons. Successful doubled from 6 to 11 percent since transfer requires a capacity on the receiving 1979. The numbers are even more e Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. end to work with the technology and adapt graphic when one considers unemploy Mr. Speaker, the greater New Haven it to local conditions. ment among minority youth including area mourns the death of Rabbi UNILATERAL CONTROLS Hispanic is two and even three times Arthur Chiel, a spiritual leader of the Export controls imposed by the U.S. but higher. largest conservative synagogue in not by other countries capable of supplying It seems evident to me that after 2 southern Connecticut and a distin the relevant good or technology. In addition years of the present administration guished community leader. Over 2,000 September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24969 men, women, and children of all back sional district, as well as throughout HEARINGS ON KAL 007 grounds participated in the farewell the State of California. Floodwaters tribute to Rabbi Chiel at his syna destroyed crops, made thousands of HON. DENNY SMITH gogue, an event which I found very acres of cropland unworkable, and moving. made life difficult for thousands of OF OREGON Our hearts go out to the Congrega the San Joaquin Valley's residents. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion B'nai Jacob in Woodbridge, who One unfortunate side effect of the Tuesday, September 20, 1983 had to celebrate the Jewish high holy heavy rains was the delay it caused in e Mr. DENNY SMITH. Mr. Speaker, I days this year-Rosh Hashonah and the construction of hundreds of homes Yom Kippur-without its rabbi of 20 had the opportunity on September 16 that would otherwise have been com to take part in the hearings conducted years. Rabbi Chiel always encouraged pleted. These delays hurt the builders, lay leadership of this congregation, by the Republican Study Committee and supported and approved a woman the construction workers, and the pro on the downing of Korean Air Lines as its president. He leaves as his legacy spective buyers of these homes. Espe flight No. 007. One of the witnesses at a congregation that is involved, com cially hard hit by the winter rains will these most effective hearings was the mitted, and flourishing. be those people participating in the distinguished scholar and former intel Dr. Chiel was a man of enormous Department of Housing and Urban ligence official, Dr. Ray S. Cline, of spiritual, social, and intellectual com Development's section 235 housing as the Center for Strategic and Interna mitment. He served as a founding sistance program. tional Studies at Georgetown Universi member of the New Haven Commis The section 235 program provides a ty. Dr. Cline, a recognized authority sion on Equal Opportunities during helping hand to those families who on strategic matters, especially in view the turbulent 1960's and developed could not afford to own their own of his experience as an official of the strong and productive associations homes without Federal assistance. Un Central Intelligence Agency and the with minority residents. In 1978, Dr. fortunately, the Reagan administra Department of State, made a distinct Chiel was honored by the Anti-Defa tion has targeted the section 235 pro contribution to the content of the mation League of B'nai B'rith and re gram for expiration at the end of 1983 hearing. ceived the Torch of Liberty Award for fiscal year, September 30. This action I am having Dr. Cline's statement re his distinguished contributions in fur by the administration would deny printed for the edification of my col thering intergroup relations in the almost 200 families in the San Joaquin leagues: community. Valley the Federal assistance that had MASSACRE OF 269 PASSENGERS ON KOREAN He was a scholar of both American been promised them, and that they AIRLINER 007 colonial and New Haven Jewish histo are depending on to help them buy I appreciate the opportunity to testify on ry. He served as a fellow of Ezra Stiles, the tragic destruction of Korean Airliner their first home. HUD estimates that 007 by Soviet missile fire over the Sea of one of Yale University's undergradu somewhere between 12,000 and 14,000 ate colleges, and was a guest lecturer Japan. It is very real to me because I was in families nationwide face similar cir Seoul that night waiting for Congressman at the Yale Divinity School and at Larry McDonald and several other members Fairfield University. Just this May, cumstances. Because of rain-induced delays, the of the United States Congress to arrive for a Dr. Chiel was honored as the keynote Conference on Security in Northeast Asia, speaker at the rededication of the homes which these families would where he was to speak on the morning of 1 Touro Synagogue in Newport, R.I. His have moved into by now are as yet un September, about eight hours after his un community lectures on local Jewish finished. However, because the 1983 timely death on 007. history have always been very well at funding which would assist them with Needless to say, the sad incident made our tended, and his weekly column in the purchasing these homes expires on words meaningful at the subsequent ses September 30, the Government will sions of the conference, which had been Jewish Ledger was so widely read that convened under the sponsorship of the Asi it was eventually released for wider renege on its promise to assist them in atic Research Center, Korea University, to circulation. buying a home. The Reagan adminis commemorate the Thirtieth anniversary of But more than this, Rabbi Arthur tration has refused to recognize the the signing of the United States-Korean De Chiel loved and was loved by many. commitment it has made to these fam fense Treaty, one of the main strategic Those with whom I spoke at the fu ilies, and administration officials con strong points in support of American inter neral felt that they had lost not just a tinue to insist that any savings from ests in the Northwest Pacific and Northeast spiritual and community leader but Asia. the program at year's end be returned A South Korean airliner, a KAL Boeing also a personal friend. He was an ex to the Federal budget. 747, with 269 civilian passengers en route traordinary person, and I feel privi Today, I am introducing legislation from New York to Seoul was shot down leged to have known and to have been to correct this injustice. H.R. 3934, the near the Soviet island of Sakhalin by a with him on several occasions this past Homeowner Assistance Act of 1983, heat-seeking missile fired by a Soviet jet year. The Third Congressional District fighter, Su-15, in the early morn will extend the authorization of the ing of September 1, 1983. Among the pas has lost a powerful and dynamic man. HUD section 235 program for 1 year. I offer my sincerest condolences to his sengers were 61 Americans, including Con This extension will allow those fami gressman Lawrence P. McDonald Andrei Gromyko, insinuating that the ian, regularly scheduled commercial flight, These achievements were of great South Korean airliner was on a preplanned and it is criminal for the Soviet Union to benefit to the community as a whole, intelligence mission, warned that any future have massacred its 269 passengers on any but John Anson Ford never lost sight violations of Soviet "sacred borders" would pretext whatsoever. There is no excuse for of his concern for the individuals who receive the full brunt of Soviet retaliation. such barbarity. We should never forget this make up that community. He estab On September 9 Marshal Nikolai V. Ogar callousness. The voting in the United Na lished the department of senior citi kov, Chief of the Soviet General staff, in an tions Security Council on a very mild resolu 40 unprecedented Moscow press conference, tion deploring the loss of KAL 007 shows an zens' affairs almost years before the charged the entire flight pattern was the extraordinary clash of moral values. One Congress of the United States estab result of a U.S. intelligence "special mis group of nations reflected real concern for lished a committee to address the sion" and that the destruction of the air the lives of individual human beings. The problems of the elderly population of craft was fully Justified. He said, "Termina contrast was stark in comparison with to this Nation. He also worked for those tion of the flight ... was not an error," and talitarian values of nations insisting on the at the other end of the age spectrum, confirmed that, "In the general staff we absolute priority of defense of the political establishing the first toy loan program were all informed." and military power of the state. The United in the county and working to improve The most devastating comment at the States vigorously sought support for the press conference came from Deputy Foreign resolution stating the Security Council postnatal care. Minister Georgi Kornienko, indicating no "deeply deplores the destruction of the As he carried out all his responsibil admission of error and suggesting a similar Korean airliner" and that "such use of ities, as he spent his considerable ener incident in the future would be dealt with in armed force against international civil avia gies on many important projects, John the same way. He said, "Protection of the tion is incompatible with the norms govern Anson Ford saw to it that Los Angeles sacred inviolable borders of our country and ing international behavior and elementary County's great institutions operated our political system Cis1 worth to us, as you considerations of humanity." Eight nations with due regard for human rights and .know very well, many, many million lives." joined in voting for the resolution, Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Pakistan, the dignity of others. During his years This statement implies that military re of service, there was definite improve sponse at the expense of civilian lives in the Jordan, Zaire, Togo, and Malta. Poland case of a single civilian aircraft is as justifi voted against the resolution, and the Soviet ment in the operation and treatment able as repelling Hitler's invasion of Russian Union predictably vetoed it. Shockingly, the of persons at the general hospital, ju territory in World War II. It reveals a People's Republic of China, Guyana, Nica venile hall and health departments narrow rigidity of thinking and a truculence ragua, and Zimbabwe abstained. The con throughout the county. in foreign relations that bodes ill for the flict of cultures thus relected is seldom seen It is difficult to sum up an entire several complex arms limitation negotia so clearly as in this vote of the nine versus the two nays and the four abstentions.• century of achievement and dedica tions as well as other international agree tion. However, the common thread of ments under discussion between Washing concern for others that runs through ton and Moscow. TRIBUTE TO JOHN ANSON FORD About the only solace to be drawn from the career of John Anson Ford makes the Korean. airliner tragedy is that Japan, it clear that he has been a true and the Republic of Korea, and the United HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL successful champion of human rights States, as well as some of the other Ameri OF CALIFORNIA and dignity. We in the House of Rep can allies, drew noticeably closer together in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resentatives wish him a very happy handling the diplomatic crisis. There ap Tuesday, September 20, 1983 birthday and express to him our grati pears for now at least a new readiness in tude for his unflagging efforts to im Japan under the leadership of Prime Minis •Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, on Sep prove the human conditions.e ter Nakasone to face up to the harsh facts tember 29 of this year Los Angeles' of the menacing Soviet military buildup of most distinguished citizen, John armed forces in the Pacific Northwest INABEL B. LINDSAY: 1900-83 region, where they threaten normal lanes of Anson Ford, will celebrate his lOOth air and sea communication along the Kur birthday. I would like to take this op iles linking Japan and the United States. portunity to recognize a lifetime of HON. CLAUDE PEPPER The vital strategic value of the Pacific off achievements by this extraordinary in OF FLORIDA shore and littoral triangle of Japan, Taiwan, dividual. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the Korean Peninsula facing the John Anson Ford served on the Los narrow sea-passage choke-points of the East Angeles County Board of Supervisors Tuesday, September 20, 1983 China, Japan, and Okhotsk seas was illumi for 24 years. During his service, he es e Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, the field nated by the stubborn Soviet military hard line in justifying its shooting down of the tablished a reputation for honesty, in of aging has suffered a serious loss be Korean airliner. The Soviet leaders, in both tegrity, and genuine concern that was cause of the death of Inabel B. Lind words and actions, are resolutely defying reflected in all operations and activi say, who was nationally and interna world opinion to claim their right to act in ties of the board. The projects he sup tionally know in gerontology and the same way in the future, come what may. ported, his proudest accomplishments, social work. President Reagan condemned the all bear witness to his keen sensitivity Dr. Lindsay was respected by her "Korean airline massacre" as the kind of vi for the needs and feelings of his fell ow colleagues and friends as a top flight olence citizens in the West find hard to be human beings. professional and gracious individual. lieve. "I speak for all Americans and for people everywhere who cherish civilized In addition to his overriding concern She held numerous positions in the values," he said. "Words can scarcely ex for the rights of others, particularly field of aging, serving as a board press our revulsion at this horrifying act of the poor, the sick, and the elderly, member for the National Caucus and violence." Foreign Minister Gromyko and John Anson Ford worked in a number Center on Black Aged ~d the Nation General Staff Chief Ogarkov have put the of ways for the betterment of the al Council on the Aging~ a consultant Soviet Union on record as rejecting these human condition. He was particularly for the Senate Committee on Aging, a American values and defending such acts of interested in the enhancement of the member of the National Advisory violence. arts, in the preservation of the cul Committee for the 1971 White House I would like to make two quick final com ments: tures unique to Los Angeles, and in Conference on Aging, and a member of The Soviet lie about American responsibil the development of industry. Among the President's Task Force on Aging. ity for the tragedy, arguing that KAL 007 his many achievements he can number Dr. Lindsay served with distinction was on an "intelligence mission", is ridicu the revitalization of the Hollywood and conviction in all these capacities. lous. There is nothing a civilian airliner Bowl, and the restoration of the Los In addition, she wrote extensively on could observe in that part of the world that Angeles Plaza where the history of our aging-related subjects. Her working September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24971 paper for the Senate Committee on Social Service, the National Catholic Uni manner to lease, explore, develop, and Aging on the "Multiple Hazards of versity of America; and as consultant for produce these vital OCS resources. Age and Race" was considered one of the National Urban League in 1969. I would highly recommend that the foremost authoritative studies on In addition to the policy and educational implications of her doctoral dissertation, every Member of this legislative body the economic situation of aged blacks. "The Participation of Negroes in the Estab review this insightful article closely In 1945, Dr. Lindsay became the first lishment of Welfare Services, 1865-1900, and join with me in opposing any at dean of the School of Social Work at with Special Reference to the District of tempt to restrict or prohibit activity Howard University. Because of her Columbia, Maryland and Virginia," Dr. on the Outer Continental Shelf. leadership and dedication, it became Lindsay wrote and consulted extensively on The text of the article follows: international social walfare issues. Among one of the most respected schools of Now, TELL THE TRUTH: WHAT'S ocs MEAN? social work in the Nation. her publications is the 1959 article "Adapt Dr. Lindsay received numerous ing American Social Work Education to the may contain The Alumni Medal by the School of on Aging, the President's Task Force on over one-half of this nation's future petrole Social Service Administration from Aging, and Special Consultant for the Spe um production-worth over $2 trillion at the University of Chicago in 1974; cial Committee on Aging of the U.S. Senate, today's prices? Or that the oil could replace where she prepared a Working Paper on 25 years' worth of imports at 1982 rates, and Social Worker of the Year Award "Multiple Hazards of Age and Race." Her the offshore natural gas could heat 23 mil from the Metropolitan Washington, memberships included: Chairman, Commit lion homes for 50 years? D.C., Chapter of the National Associa tee on Social Walfare, National Urban After the recess, Congress will again be tion of Social Workers in 1974; and League; Board of Directors, Edwin Gould asked to amend the Interior Department's An Honorary Degree of Doctor of Foundation and Edwin Gould Services to appropriations bill to include language to Humane Letters from Howard Univer Children; Lois and Samuel Silberman Fund, prohibit leasing off certain coastal areas. If sity in 1982. Grant Committee, among others. successful, this action would undermine the I extend my heartfelt sympathy to In 1961, Dr. Lindsay received Howard Uni offshore leasing program and balkanize the versity's Distinguished Post-Graduate U.S. into separate and competing energy her family and relatives. Award; in 1970 she was honored by the Uni producing and consuming states. This lan Mr. Speaker, I insert in the RECORD a versity of Pittsburgh School of Social Work guage, already passed by the House, repre brief description of her life and accom with a Distinguished Alumna Award, and in sents parochial excisions, a misuse of the plishments: 1974 she was awarded the Alumni Medal by appropriations process, and an attempt to lNABEL BURNS LllmSAY: 1900-83, DEAN EMER the School of Social Service Administration, relitigate arguments rejected by the Courts ITA, ScHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK, HOWARD University of Chicago. Also in 1974, she was June 9 in California vs. Watt. It would allow UNIVERSITY named "Social Worker of the Year" by Met regions which can find vocal sponsors in Inabel Burns Lindsay was born in St. ropolitan Washington, D.C., Chapter of the Congress to avoid their responsibility to Joseph, Missouri, and became nationally National Association of Social Workers. In make a contribution to America's energy and internationally known through her con 1982, Howard University bestowed upon Dr. needs. tributions in social welfare services and Lindsay the Honorary degree of Doctor of This is a disturbing trend. Obviously, if social work education. Humane Letters, which she regarded as a every member of Congress from a coastal She received a Bachelor of Arts degree fitting climax to an educational and service district were to say, "Sorry, not off my fcum laudeJ from Howard University in 1920 career that began with her entering Howard beaches," that would be the end of offshore and then entered the New York School of University in 1916 at the age of sixteen. leasing and production. If inland states were Social Work with an Urban League Fellow Dr. Lindsay will always to remembered as to take the same attitude toward coal, oil ship earned on a nationwide competitive a distinguished professor, administrator, shale, oil and gas, we could write off our na basis. She received a Master of Arts in and pioneer in the development of social tion's future. Social Work from the University of Chicago, welfare in the Americas and around the Offshore oil resources provide significant and the Doctor of Social Work from the world.e energy without the need for government University of Pittsburgh. subsidies. In fact, offshore oil and gas devel Before joining the faculty of Social Work opment could generate billions of dollars, at Howard University in 1937, Dr. Lindsay NOW, TELL THE TRUTH: WHAT provide jobs and ensure increased supplies served as a public schoolteacher in Kansas DOES OCS MEAN? of domestic energy. City, Missouri; for a number of years she Recent lease offerings underscore this po worked as a social worker in St. Louis, tential: $2.l billion for drilling rights in where she attained the position of public HON. JACK FIELDS Alaska's Diapir Field, in September 1982; a welfare administrator. She held the rank of record $3.4 billion at the May 1983 Central assistant professor and then acting director OF TEXAS Gulf of Mexico offering; and $1.4 billion for of the Division of Social Work in Howard's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Western Gulf of Mexico tracts offered just Graduate School. In 1945, she became the a few weeks ago. Since Secretary Watt took first dean of Howard's newly established Tuesday, September 20, 1983 office, the offshore leasing program has School of Social Work. Under her leader •Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, I am sub generated nearly $8.5 billion in lease bo ship it became one of the outstanding social mitting for the RECORD today an excel nuses alone. Leases have been issued for a work schools in the nation and was early lent article written by Mr. David C. little over 2,000 tracts covering about 11 mil utilized by the Department of Health, Edu lion acres. cation, and Welfare in the training of Russell who is the Acting Director of Recent discoveries indicate that many of United Nations fellows and in the training the Minerals Management Service of these tracts will be very productive. In fact, of foreign scholars. the Department of Interior. a record bid for a single lease in the Santa When Dr. Lindsay retired in 1967 she re In this article, Mr. Russell accurate Maria Basin off California was followed less mained actively involved in current issues in ly portrays the overwhelming need for than 18 months later by the discovery of social work, making numerous contributions an orderly and systematic develop what could be a billion-barrel oil field-the through writings, speeches, and participa ment of our vast energy resources on biggest discovery in North America since tion in professional proceedings. In addi the Outer Continental Shelf. Prudhoe Bay. Discoveries like these make tion, she served as Social Services Advisor to all the lawsuits, criticisms and delays well the Assistant Secretary for Community and While Americans may no longer find worth the hassle. Field Services, Department of Health, Edu themselves waiting in gas lines, our Previous administrations pursued policies cation, and Welfare from October 1967 to energy problems are far from being which leased only 22 million acres-2.5 per April 1970; Lecturer, School of Social Work, over and I believe we must move for cent of the OCS-in 26 years, compared to University of Maryland; Lecturer, School of ward in an environmentally safe 123 million acres leased by Canada. Those
11-059 ~-23 (Pt. 18) 24972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 policies were largely responsible for the dis cent from natural oil seeps. America's rivers divergent views about what a tract's value astrous 34 percent decline in offshore oil dump more oil into our oceans every year is, and only drilling will ultimately deter production between 1970 and 1980. from roads, driveways and other sources mine who is right about its potental. But The new program is intended to reverse than do tankers, natural seeps and OCS op even the most optimistic companies get this decline and respond to the Outer Conti erations combined. what they pay for-a chance to test their nental Shelf Lands Act, which requires "ex Of approximately 4,000 wells that have exploration theories-and for that they pay peditious and orderly" exploration and de been drilled off the California coast since fair market value in the form of a lease velopment, to reduce dependency on foreign 1894, nearly 3,300 have been in state bonus. sources and ensure stable and adequate sup waters-under leases and permits issued by The coming together of these different plies of reasonably priced energy when the the state. From 1975 to 1982, while some vieWPoints determines the fair market value leases come into production in the next vigorously protested drilling in federal of a tract. If the government determines decade. waters off the California coast, the State of that the high bid assures the receipt of fair This act also requires "an equitable shar California issued 575 drilling permits in market value, it accepts the bid and issues ing of developmental benefits and environ state waters much closer to shore. the lease. If not, the bid is rejected. mental risks among the various regions" of Because fair market value has become The oil companies invest billions of dollars the United States. Prior to Secretary Watt's almost an incantation against the supposed just to get these leases. They cannot afford program, however, nearly 85 percent of the evils of leasing, misinformation and emo to sit on them, so will spend billions more to federal leasing and dr1lling had been in the tional statements concerning it have been evaluate and get them into production. Gulf of Mexico. widely disseminated. It is time to set the These expenditures have already begun to America cannot keep its energy resources record straight. generate jobs for Americans, increase U.S. in limbo until use; long exploration and pro Fair market value means getting a fair or oil and gas supplies and help keep prices duction lead times dictate that, if we want reasonable price, as determined in a market stable. energy tomorrow, we must issue our leases place, assuring the receipt of fair market Lower energy prices and adequate sup today. Nor can we base energy policies on value does not mean assuring the highest plies-far from being undesirable, on the parochial special interests masquerading as possible bonus bid. A leasing policy based on grounds that they depress bonus bids moral principles. maximising bonuses would cast the U.S. in should be a primary goal of any leasing pro Clearly the most vocal opposition comes the role of a classic energy monopolist, ma gram. Indeed, it is hard to understand why from the groups that have a long tradition nipulating supplies and prices at the ex critics of the program talk as if there were of opposing even the timid leasing programs pense of the consumer. It would stand in something wrong with leasing to keep prices of previous administrations. Ironically, vocal diametric opposition to the goals of the and supplies at a reasonable level. criticism is also coming from regions which OCS Lands Act. Among America's greatest attributes are have · the most consumers, use the most The bonus paid to get a lease reflects the its sense of equity and fair play, combined energy, and have complained the loudest experts' estimate of the value of the rights with a collective wisdom that, sooner or about high energy prices, past shortages and opportunities conveyed by the lease, to later, cuts through the fears, misconcep and high unemployment. They seem to be explore, develop, produce and sell whatever tions and rhetoric. Given the facts, Ameri under the false impression that it is a choice resources might be present in a particular cans generally make the right choices. Let between offshore development and other tract. It does not represent fair market us hope that the offshore leasing program uses of the ocean. value of the resources. will not prove an exception. From the day a lease is issued to the day Annual rents of $3 per acre must also be The leasing program deserves the support the first oil or gas is pipelined to consumers paid, until there is production on the lease. of all Americans-in the Congress, media, can take up to 10 years. It is essential, then, The government keeps these bonus and courts and general public. It must not fall that the federal government begin to pro rental payments, even if no oil or gas is victim to parochial interests, unsupported mote an orderly inventory of these re found. If resources are found and produced emotional charges, and the rhetoric of poli sources. Of course the law and sound public federal law requires that these needs for energy with the need to pro the lessee pay royalties-customarily set at tect the human, marine and coastal environ 16. 7 percent-and taxes on the profits. The DOWN FROM THE MOUNT ments. California vs. Watt held that the fair market values of the resources must Secretary's five-year offshore leasing pro therefore, be viewed as the sum of the gram achieves this proper balance and as bonus, rent, royalty and tax payments re HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO sures the receipt of fair market value. It will ceived by the government over the life of not lease the entire Outer Continental the lease. OF CALIFORNIA Shelf. It will merely consider broad regions The lease bonus is expected to account for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the OCS for possible leasing. only 30 percent of all future offshore leas Environmental and other values are pro ing revenues. The other 70 percent is ex Tuesday, September 20, 1983 tected throughout the exploration, develop pected to come from rents, royalties and e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, ment and production process. The risks are taxes collected after a lease is issued. Obvi kept at a minimum through the use of ously, if we limit the amount available for I wish to bring the following op-ed modem technology, tough regulations, and lease, in an effort to increase bonuses a piece from the August 12, 1983, Wall constant vigilence. To date, over $320 mil little, we give up or delay these other reve Street Journal, to the attention of my lion has been spent on environmental and nues. colleagues. socioeconomic studies which cover every Neither a centralized government plan The recently completed Sixth As stage of the offshore leasing, drilling and ning office nor a single energy firm should sembly of the World Council of production process. In addition, each OCS make all the decisions about which tracts Churches provides cause for alarm. facility is inspected by the Minerals Man have the highest potential and should be of agement Service on both a scheduled and an fered for lease. What makes the offshore DOWN FROM THE MOUNT unscheduled basis. leasing programs-and the American econo The World Council of Churches has just The Santa Barbara spill of 1969 is the my-work is the opportunity it gives individ descended from a mountain in Vancouver only blowout in the course of drilling 30,000 ual companies to take risks, test their theo with a stone tablet saying that the focus of U.S. offshore wells which resulted in a sig ries and prove that they were right Russia begging these are equally effective. Furthermore, for a "helping hand to the persecuted faith for using their native language in parents can opt not to put their children ful." One letter was circulated from the school; they have been left to sink or into bilingual programs if they so desire. Christian Committee for the Defense of Be swim in classrooms with teachers who That, in our view, allows meaningful local lievers' Rights in the U.S.S.R. accusing cannot communicate and texts which freedom of choice. Soviet authorities of "implementing a policy are unintelligible. Unfortunately, what the Reagan Adminis of genocide against believers." It said that The Supreme Court, in Lau against tration has in mind is turning the clock 33 Christian believers are currently in Nichols was very clear in observing: back a decade to a time, before Congress prison, labor camps or special psychiatric in We know that those who do not under and the Supreme Court spoke, when many stitutions and that 20,000 others are seeking stand English are certain to find their class school districts, exercising their prized and to emigrate so they can practice their faith. room experience wholly incomprehensible unfettered discretion, chose to do nothing The letter also charged authorities with and in no way meaningful. for children who lacked English-language harsh discrimination in Jobs, education and proficiency. Many school districts in those housing. The Court also noted that to impose days decided, under the freedom-of-choice Deacon Vladimir Rusak of Moscow also English as a requirement before a rubric, simply to maintain the status quo in wrote to the council asking for help against child has acquired basic skills in the terms of school personnel and budgets. religious persecution. He said he has been language, is to make a mockery of Sad to say, we fear that once again there prevented from writing a history of the public education. will be districts where bilingual education will not be offered to any students. How Russian Orthodox Church after the 1917 The following letter to the editor of does that increase students' or parents' free revolution by the church's own hierarchy the New York Times points out these dom to choose an appropriate education? and the KGB, which confiscated his ar truths and emphasizes that if the If the Reagan initiative becomes law, it is chives in January. "I believe in the Lord, I Reagan initiative becomes law, it is predictable that some, perhaps many stu love my church, feel concern for her future predictable that too many who could dents who could have blossomed if taught and wish to serve her-but not by a compro have succeeded if taught bilingually bilingually will fall by the wayside. Your mise of conscience, that price which is ex will fall by the wayside. callousness about that inevitable outcome acted from our church leadership and which troubles us.e I am being urged to pay," he said. The material follows: The council didn't take up the appeals be [From the New York Times, Sept. 20, 1983] cause that would have intervened in the "in ON BILINGUAL EDUCATION, REAGAN Is A TRIBUTE TO DR. ROBERT E. ternal situation" of a member of the wee, MOVING BACKWARD "BOB" WEINTRAUB of which the Russian church is a part, said To the Editor: WCC executive Ninan Koshy. The appeals Your enthusiastic editorial support CSept. recall a similar letter sent to the previous 131 of the Administration's legislative pro HON. PARREN J. MITCHELL wee assembly, in 1975 in Nairobi, by posals on bilingual education puzzles us. On OF MARYLAND Father Gleb Yakunin of the Russian Ortho other civil rights issues, you have been swift IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dox Church, who accused Moscow of perse to label the Reagan freedom-of-choice ap cuting Christians. After sending the letter, proach as a meretricious gambit that in fact Tuesday, September 20, 1983 Father Yakunin was convicted of "anti-state heralds a retreat from this nation's historic e Mr. MITCHELL. Mr. Speaker, it is activities" and is now serving a five-year commitments. Bilingual education has been declared a with profound sorrow that I report sentence in a Soviet labor camp. matter of equal opportunity by Congress. the death last Monday, September 19, All of this may come as a surprise to many To allow localities to choose whether to 1983, of Robert E. Weintraub, senior of the approximately 500 million members afford an equal opportunity to language mi economist with the Joint Economic of the more than 300 Protestant, Orthodox, norities is effectively to wipe that congres Committee, and for many years, the Anglican and independent churches repre sional policy declaration off the books. leading expert on monetary policy on sented at the World Council. But it As private legal practitioners who collec Capitol Hill. shouldn't. The council has long supported tively have spent more than a dozen years Bob was a distinguished professional many of the same leftist revolutionary litigating bilingual education cases through causes aided and abetted by the Kremlin out the country, we admit to a point of view in his own right. He was, as all know, and its proxies. There have even been but believe we have gained some fundamen the firmest advocate of monetarist charges that offerings from collection plates tal insights. economic principles, and a man who have been handed over by the council to Local option is fine where demographics pursued his convictions with clarity, guerrillas, possibly for arms purchases. An and political realities permit educational de determination, and force. He was a expose on the wee and the U.S. National cisions to be made on educational grounds. major figure in alerting Congress to Council of Churches earlier this year by But that is not the case everywhere, e.g., the importance of monetary policy CBS's "60 Minutes" concluded that "wheth where Spanish-speaking people are consid oversight into the careful, regular re er it is by design or mischance or deliberate ered a growing, particularly threatening part of a community in which teaching jobs views that are conducted today. More manipulation from outside the churches, over, he was a force on other issues in church money and the churches themselves are scarce. Wisely, Federal law does not mandate that children in such areas lan his long career, from the financial re are found to be supporting highly political guish educationally because of consider habilitation of New York City, to the movements." ations having nothing to do with their abili reform of banking regulation, to for The World Council is supported by the ties. mainline U.S. Protestant denominations. eign exchange rate policy, to the inter Likewise, a sink-or-swim philosophy Whereas, the Japanese defense budget for ported the concept of creating a Sunday Say it ain't so: Abigail Van Buren, who the first year of the five-year plan was inad holiday. writes the widely read "Dear Abby" advice equate to meet the initial procurement On the other hand, however, I am deeply column, was wrong. goals set in the plan; concerned about the cost of a new Federal In a column to appear in subscriber news Whereas, officials of the Japanese De holiday and the signal we would be sending papers on Sept. 26, Abby will have to back fense Agency sought an 8.9 percent increase if we shut down the productive machinery track a bit on a letter she published recently in real terms for the second year of the five of this country for another day at a time alerting some Social Security recipients that year plan, but received only a 6.9 percent when our economy is beginning to come they were being shortchanged on their ben ceiling; around and productivity is on the rise. efits. Whereas, officials of the Japanese De On balance, I had to reject the spending "Notch-Year Baby," as the letter was fense Agency have stated that Japan must priority embodied in H.R. 3706 and I voted signed, invited Abby's fans who were born increase defense spending by 7 to 9 percent against the bill. It was a tough call. between the years 1917 and 1921 to write in real terms, over the coming years, in Now, however, it is my understanding that their congressmen to get "corrective" legis order to meet the goals of the five-year de some congressional leaders are exploring op lation passed so their benefits would be "re fense plan on schedule; and tions that would allow us to reduce the cost stored." Whereas, it is the policy of the United of the Federal holiday system. One possibili The trouble was that Notch-Year Baby States to encourage Japan to make steady ty would be to require each Federal employ had it, if anything, backwards because re and significant progress in its self-defense ee to work on one holiday of his or her cipients born during those years actually capabilities: Now, therefore, be it choice, thereby allowing the government to are getting a break over those born after Resolved by the House of Representatives remain in operation on most holidays. 1921. (the Senate concurring), That it is the sense Surely there are reasonable approaches that But, incredible as Abby faithful will find of the Congress that Japan should increase would allow us to streamline and reduce the it, Notch-Year Baby's letter was followed up its defense expenditures to ensure a more cost of the Federal holiday system. I should by a postscript from Abby herself, telling equitable defense burden sharing arrange point out that no options of this kind were readers she had checked his information ment with the United States than presently considered in the House. Indeed, they could and he was right. exists. not have been because of the strict rule Readers apparently did just what Notch SEC. 2. The Clerk of the House of Repre under which this legislation was brought Year Baby suggested and have swamped sentatives shall transmit a copy of this reso up. congressional and Social Security Adminis lution to the President with the request Mr. President, given the fact that cost-cut tration offices with calls and letters. that the President transmit such copy to ting options are being seriously considered, I To some congressional aides, Notch-Year the Prime Minister of Japan and to the Jap would urge you to sign the legislation creat Baby's name is mud. anese Diet.e ing Martin Luther King, Jr. Day. Based on "I didn't keep a count of how many people sincere efforts to deal with the cost, should wrote and called," said Bob Woldow, a staff LETI'ER TO THE PRESIDENT I have the opportunity through a confer assistant in the Sunnyvale office of U.S. ence report, I will now support this legisla Rep. Ed Zschau, R-Los Altos. "Many people tion. The Civil Rights movement has con clipped the article and sent it in. I'd say at HON. CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, JR. tributed much to the goal of human under least three-fourths of the letters for the OF SOUTH CAROLINA standing and respect for all, which is basic next few days after the letter appeared were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the American dream. This holiday will, in about it." fact, appropriately honor the accomplish Woldow said the trouble is that most Tuesday, September 20, 1983 ments and goals of the Civil Rights move people who read "Dear Abby" believe her. e Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, last ment itself. "Even if she does write a retraction, by week, Senator STROM THURMOND re Respectfully, then nationwide millions of people have ceived an honorary degree from Voor CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, Jr., written to their congressmen." hees College in South Carolina. In his Member of Congress.• Abby's editor at Universal Press Syndicate obviously was sick of hearing about Notch remarks, he addressed the subject of Year Baby, too. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day and dis RESPONSE TO "DEAR ABBY" "We've heard from lots of Social Security cussed the need for legislation to deal COLUMN ABOUT SOCIAL SECU offices and 20 congressmen," editor Alan with the rising costs of the Federal RITY McDermott said. "• • • Abby's trying to holiday system. As President pro tem provide some amplification. I know she pore of the Senate and as chairman of HON. TOM LANTOS won't want to talk to you. Abby will respond the Senate Judiciary Committee, Sen OF CALIFORNIA in the column." ator THuRMoNn's concern should be The column is to include at least part of a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Dear Abby" letter from the Social Security translated into congressional action. Tuesday, September 20, 1983 Administration, which was written in rebut Based on sincere efforts to deal with tal to the first one, plus whatever Abby her the cost factor, I wrote to President e Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I have self has to say about the whole affair. Reagan urging him to sign the legisla as have most of my colleagues, re Whether it will be an outright retraction or tion creating Martin Luther King, Jr. ceived hundreds of letters during the just an explanation remains a mystery. Day. The text of the letter, which I last few weeks from constituents who In his letter, Notch-Year Baby drew read would like to share with my col are concerned about a "Dear Abby" ers' attention to the "fact" that people leagues, follows: column printed on September 5, 1983, drawing Social Security who were born 24976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 during the five-year "notch" were being Foss said people should not feel cheated CONGRESSMAN BEN ERDREICH'S CONGRESSIONAL "unjustly penalized by receiving lower bene because of the scaling-back of benefits be QUESTIONNAIRE-Continued fits than those born prior to and after the tween 1977 and 1983. above-mentioned years." "It's not that they are being treated un Percentage Total "For example," he said, "if you worked fairly," he said. "It's Just that the other number until you were 65 before starting to draw people are being treated of Social Security, you are receiving about more than fairly." Yes No respond- $100 less in your monthly check than those Editor McDermott said he had issued an ents born before 1917 and after 1921." advisory to subscriber newspapers that Notch-Year Baby said a bill to correct the Abby's response was scheduled for Sept. 26, DEFENSE Do you favor defense ~icies which would: "unfair situation" had died in committee but they can run it earlier. 13. Appropriate unds for the MX missile ...... 70 30 7,332 but he urged readers to write their congress Zschau's aide, Woldow, said most constitu 14. Fund the ~rchase of the B-1 bomber ...... 67 33 7,240 ents who called to ask about the letter were 54 46 7,307 men to get them to introduce a new bill. rn : ;a==:et~n~~~ .. In fact, the discrepancy Notch-Year Baby satisfied with his explanation. Sa in~cwemment of Nicaragua ...... so so 7,149 was describing arose because of a batch of "When you explain it, they have said, 'I 17. Send eeping troops to Lelia non ...... 44 56 7,313 thought there must have been something 18. Freeze at current levels the number of changes that were made in 1977 as part of nuclear weapons each nation can build or former President Carter's attempt to con wrong with it if no one had no store ...... 53 47 7,324 trol the ballooning costs of the retirement ticed it in six years,"' Woldow said. 19. Reduce the number of nuclear weapons He would like an answer to something each nation can build or store ...... 70 30 7,338 system. 20. Pursue arms control negotiations with the What got the publicity at the time were Abby herself may not know: Stwiet Union to bring about mutual and the tax increases Congress passed to "save" "I shouldn't speculate," Woldow said, "but verifiable reductions ...... 87 13 7,572 the system. Overlooking in the fine print I wonder who Notch-Year Baby was?"e NATIONAL ISSUES were provisions to gradually scale back Do you favor: future benefits. 21. Laws to limit abortions to cases where SIXTH DISTRICT OF ALABAMA rape or incest are involved or where a Because of a 1972 change in the benefit 1 formula, recipients were, in effect, receiving RESPONDS ON THE ISSUES ~~: rrMlcleJ:'"~~ :n~~ .~~-- - ~ -- 48 52 7,538 22. Prohibiting Federal funding of abortions... benefits that were double-indexed for wages under the Medicaid program and Federal and inflation. In some cases, according to HON. BEN ERDREICH employee insurance programs ...... 61 39 7,610 the Social Security Administration, retirees 23. A ConstiMional amendment banning abor- OF ALABAMA tions and prohibiting them in all circum- actually were receiving more in benefits stances...... 15 85 7,553 than they did when they were working be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 24. Qingress allowing the states to wte on cause of the inflation bonus that was being ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment.... 52 48 7,478 Tuesday, September 20, 1983 25. Flat rate income tax proposals that would figured into the formula. eliminate mortgage interest, mecfical and To keep from bankrupting the system, e Mr. ERDREICH. Mr. Speaker, this charitable deductions ...... 44 56 7,421 Congress "corrected" the formula to elimi summer I sent to my constituents in 26. Emergency basic medical care or medical insurace for unemployed workers and their nate the inflation bonus, according to Hal the Sixth District of Alabama a ques families ...... 65 35 7,473 Foss, San Mateo District manager for the tionnaire on some of the major prob 27. Stricter immigration laws including penal- 10 7,618 Social Security Administration. 29. Tuition tax credits to aid parents whose their questionnaires. Their views are children attend private schools ...... 56 44 7,633 Many people born during the five-year 30. Federal programs to provide increased notch were nearing retirement and had of great value and guidance to me, and funding of basic education programs in the been counting on the higher benefits. So, I wanted to share with my colleagues public schools ...... so so 7,582 31. Abolishing the Department of Education...... 54 46 7,354 for them, Congress approved a two-tiered the sentiments of the 7,776 Alabam 32. Merit pay for exceptional public school formula. Those recipients get less money ians who answered my questionnaire. teachers ...... 70 30 7,535 than retirees born before 1917 but more The questions included in the ques 1 The total number of respondents on each question varies, and is less than than those born after the notch. tionnaire and response percentages the 7,776 total received, because a small number of those answering did not The reduction in future benefits amounts follow: respond to all of the questions.• to up to 25 percent for those born after 1916, Foss said, but, because of the two tiered formula, the full impact falls on CONGRESSMAN BEN ERDREICH'S CONGRESSIONAL those born after 1921. Notch-year babies QUESTIONNAIRE JIM HARPER who have held off retiring retain the right to the old formula computation. When they Percentage Total HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY retire, they will automatically get the high number of OF MISSOURI est amount they are entitled to under either Yes No respond the new or the old formula, Foss said. ents IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "There was an incredibly multiplying Tuesday, September 20, 1983 effect," Foss said of the old formula. "It's BUDGET AND EOONOMY more of a windfall for the folks who the government refused to and the administration proposinj a deficit o have entered into the CONGRESSIONAL roll back." $188 billion for ftSCal ,rnr 198 , to cut these RECORD this tribute to a great public One unintended result of Notch-Year star.e:b=rd~~stsi'n ~~I ~~=t servant, recently deceased, who served Baby's letter was that it has belatedly called 71 29 1 7,518 as administrative assistant to my good attention to Congress' sleight of hand in re 40 60 7,572 friend and colleague, Congressman ducing benefits in 1977. The change was ~ : ~~g=~s::~~ ::::::::::: : :::::::::::::::::: 74 26 7,533 4. A combination of restraint on Federal Louis STOKES. His name was Jim made deftly, compared to the senior citizen 78 22 7,456 revolt President Reagan stirred up when he 5. ~r! ~e:"~ i;r:i··coo1;o;5··0ii .. Harper. openly taked about cutting benefits. health care providers ...... 79 21 7,622 Jim Harper should be remembered 6. Cuts in medicare by reducing services Social Security recipients who have found provided to beneficiaries ...... 27 73 7,521 for his courageous spirit, competence, out about the benefit reduction usually 7. President Reagan's proposal to impose a and dedication as a public servant. standby income tax surcharge and tax on stumbled upon it by accident. Foss said, for oil in ftSCal year 1986 should the deficit Throughout the suffering of his last example, that two neighbors in his San exceed 2'h percent of the gross national years, he overcame the discomforts of Mateo District were comparing checks and product...... 48 52 7,189 8. A constitutional amendment mandating a his chronic illness and projected his found that one was receiving $120 more a balanced Federal budget ...... 72 28 7,488 friendly, soft-spoken countenance to month than the other. They came down to To achieve economic recoveiy do l: favor: As the office and learned that the notch-year 9. Tight money policies by Federal Reserve all who came his way. dean of the legislation was responsible. BOard to reduce inflation ...... 74 26 7,313 congressional black caucus administra "There was no real resolution of the prob 10di:4::~o00 st~ ~s . d~i~g···~-~ -- ~~-- 80 20 7,524 tive assistants, his counsel was always lem because one was getting less than the 11. The creation of a U.S. Department of readily available, freely offered, and other," Foss said. "But at least they knew Trade ...... 33 67 7,215 very helpful. An inveterate practical why." 12 .la~~:r.~~~J~=~-- ~~ -- 83 12 7,571 joker and purveyor of humor, he was a September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24977 joy to all who knew him. This uncom Instead, they find joy in obeying the Law of domestic consumption-a formula for un plaining, dedicated civil servant should the Lord, and they study it day and imaginable disaster. have his obituary entered for its inspi night. The cities are bearing the brunt of the rational value of a life lived well, with They are like trees that grow beside a new oceans of people. As everywhere in the much meaning, stream, that bear fruit at the right developing world, people are fleeing the vil time, and whose leaves do not dry up. lages for the dazzling lights of the cities OBITUARY They succeed in everything they do.-Book only to sleep in the streets and slums. James Curtis Harper was born and reared 1 • Urban populations are soaring by 6 percent in Cleveland. Even though he spent the last per year in Africa, or 8.5 percent in 35 large 12 years of his life in the Nation's Capital, capitals. At that rate, the population dou his heart, his thoughts and his energies SPIRALING POPULATION bles every nine years. never left the city of his birth. He worked CRIPPLES AFRICA The cities cannot absorb the influx, so the tirelessly as the Administrative Aide to Con people live in the vast shantytowns of gressman Louis Stokes, D-21 of Warrens HON. LES AuCOIN Lagos, Dakar, Cotonou and other cities. ville Hts., to better the lives of the people of Pressed together amid the stench and filth, Cleveland. OF OREGON the streets their only toilets, they do any Mr. Harper died Friday, August 26, 1983 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thing to survive. Many become entrepre neurs, selling fruit, cigarettes, their own sis at his home in Silver Spring, Maryland sur Tuesday, September 20, 1983 rounded by his wife of 31 years and his chil ters. dren. Even though Mr. Harper's health had e Mr. AUCOIN. Mr. Speaker, this is The reason for the population boom is been precarious for some time, due to a hy the second in a series of six recently simple: Improved health care slashed death pertensive condition, he continued to func published articles on sub-Saharan rates while birth rates remained constant or tion in his professional capacity until the fell only slightly. For example, in Liberia, Africa written by Nicholas D. Kristof, one of the fastest growing countries in the day before his death. Mr. Harper would a Rhodes scholar from Yamhill, Oreg. have been 58 on August 28th. world, the birth rate dropped 4 percent CFrom the Oregonian, May 24, 19821 from 1960 to 1979, but in the same period James C. Harper was an erudite, soft the mortality rate fell 33 percent. Now in Li spoken man who will be remembered, in SPIRALING POPULATION CRIPPLES AFRICA beria, 48 babies are born each year per 1,000 part, for his integrity, his dedication to his people, while only 14 die. ideals, and his devotion to his wife and his COTONOU, Benin.-Little Boka is a bright The impulse in the West is to call for children. eyed 9-year-old girl who plays and begs in birth control strategies, but the obstacle is He was graduated from Western Reserve the dust near the Hotel Babo. One of eight that parents frequently want very large University with a double major in psycholo children, she is a victim of the size of her families. When African women are surveyed gy and sociology. During his years at WRU family: The numbers mean less money to go and asked how many children they want, James became a member of the Kappa around, less food, less clothing and less the national averages range from 5 to 10. Alpha Psi fraternity. Mr. Harper continued space in the hut. And that is how many they get; the current his education through graduate programs at But Boka, herself perhaps only a few average in Africa is 6.6 live births per WRU as well as Rutgers University. years from motherhood, shyly explained woman. From 1953 to 1954, Mr. Harper was a that she wanted eight more children for Why do they want so many children? The social worker at the Warrensville Work herself. And so one more baby factory will answers often are quite rational. In societies house. Ten years later, after a stint as soon begin production, consigning more off without social security or pension plans, county probation officer, Mr. Harper went spring to a thinner sliver of the economic children are the parents' only guarantee back to the workhouse as assistant superin pie. that they will be cared for in old age. Some tendent. Dizzying population growth is a primary times, the parents believe the children will When the superintendent of the city reason for and result of poverty in Africa. be able to bring in extra money, by hawking prison resigned unexpectedly in 1966, Mr. Modest increases in the national income and fruits or cigarettes. Harper was appointed to the position. food production are overtaken by surges in Where disease or injury can strike anyone During his three years on the job, he devel population, so that the amount of income anytime, a child is the only insurance avail oped a program permitting prisoners to and food per person is stagnant or falls. able. In Mali, river blindness is widespread, leave the grounds for regular jobs during Population in Africa is growing faster afflicting 10 percent of the population in the day. Mr. Harper once said he regarded than anywhere else in the world-and the some areas. The victims who have no chil the program as just one in a campaign to growth rate is accelerating. Annual popula dren sit all day, all night, on the street, change the workhouse from a place of de tion growth in the 1960s was 2.5 percent; in hands outstretched. The victims with chil tention to a place of rehabilitation. the 1970s, 2.7 percent; and the World Bank dren at least have a child to lead them to In 1969 James Harper became the Com predicts that for the next 20 years, the pop places where they can beg, buy food, escape missioner of Manpower Development in ulation will grow by 3 percent per year. At from storms or simply relieve themselves. Cleveland. While in this position Mr. that rate, the population will double every So parents want a few children as insur Harper developed and implemented myriad 24 years. ance. But to get a few children, they must programs to facilitate and encourage job The snowball effect is dramatic. In Boka's have many children because of high infant training programs. A year later he became homeland, poverty-stricken Benin, 4 million mortality and child mortality rates. In some the first Executive director of the Criminal people eke out an existence in a country less rural areas, half the children die before the Justice Coordinating Council. In that capac than half the size of Oregon. The World age of 5. Moreover, sons are much better in ity he coordinated the distribution of feder Bank projects that when the population surance than daughters, so the parents al and state funds to various criminal justice stops growing in the year 2110, Benin's pop really want a few sons. But this is an expen programs in CUyahoga County. ulation will be 16 million. Even that figure sive insurance policy, exhausting for the In 1971 Mr. Harper left the CJCC to could be low. mother and debilitating for the country. become the Administrative Aide to Con Thomas Malthus' grim predictions of pop Eventually, this mad roller-coaster ride gressman Louis Stokes in Washington, D.C. ulation growth outstripping food production will grind to a halt, for with urbanization He remained in this position and lived in are coming true in Africa. In the 1960s, the and development comes a tempering of the Silver Spring, Md., until his death. volume of agricultural production rose by desire for large families. Education is one James Curtis Harper is survived by his an average of 2.3 percent per year, and in brake: Schooling delays the point when a wife, Barbara, sons, James C. Harper II of the 1970s, by 1.3 percent per. year. But both child becomes a benefit rather than a New Orleans and Malcolm J. L. of Cleve figures were behind the rates of population burden to the family, and studies also show land; daughters, Saundra L. and Kimberly growth, so Africa now produces less food per that educated women have markedly fewer A., both of Silver Spring, Md.; his mother person than it did 20 years ago. children than uneducated women. Some Evelyn and sisters, Mrs. Dorris M. Hill of Furthermore, natural resources such as countries in Africa already are enjoying de Shaker Heights, and Mrs. Mildred M. Pol timber and oil are being increasingly swal clines in population growth, and birth con lard of Cleveland. lowed up for domestic consumption, eroding trol programs can help significantly at this the countries' limited export base. Nigeria stage. TRUE HAPPINESS has abandoned its agriculture and has come The World Bank predicts that between Happy are those who reject the advice of to depend on oil exports for survival. But 2075 and 2140, all African countries for evil men, the Nigerian population, now about 90 mil which data is available will reach zero popu who do not follow the example of sinners lion, is shooting upward so quickly that by lation growth. But the stationary popula or join those who have no use for God. the year 2000 all its oil may be needed for tions reached by then are daunting: 450 mil- 24978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 lion for Nigeria ; 109 million for Kenya <16 million Lebanon. Mr. Brown points out that the American people are entitled to a now>; 42 million for Zimbabwe <7 million the American and other units of the clear, detailed justification for contin now>. Tiny Gambia will swarm with 3 mil lion inhabitants <600,000 now>, Zaire will multinational force are close to being ued American military presence in rise from 28 million to 139 million. regarded as allies of the central gov Lebanon. Failing that, the Marines This is the population bomb. It detonates ernment under domination of the should be withdrawn. not with a bang but with the whimpers of Maronite Christian Phalangist Party The complete text of the articles millions of newborn, hungry children. De and its private militia. The trouble and editorial referred to follow these fusing it is perhaps Africa's greatest chal with that is that the Maronites are a remarks: lenge.e minority in Lebanon and the Moslems [From the Washington Post, Sept. 4, 19831 fear a state dominated by them. As LEBANON-LET'S LOOK BEFORE Mr. Brown points out: SAVING LEBANON WE LEAP Constant American repetition of a policy toward Lebanon of territorial integrity, in Since Lebanon's independence in 1943, its dependence and creation of a strong central dream has been a carefully balanced coali HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING government-without ever a word about po tion held together by a presumption of OF OHIO litical reforms or the need to recreate a na equal treatment for all religious communi IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional consensus based on power sharing ties. The fragile network of understanding Tuesday, September 20, 1983 amplified the fears. has been shattered in the past, then Brown goes on to outline the kind of patched up, and then shattered again. e Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, the change that is needed in American Unfortunately, it is again on the path to Reagan administration, having policy if it is to have any chance of disintegration. In 1958, American Marines dropped U.S. marines into the Leba success in Lebanon: and an astute political operator, the late non quagmire, now wants Congress to ambassador Robert Murphy, were able to ratify the action and sign a blank American policy toward Lebanon needs a facilitate the patching process. Today, dramatic change. It cannot rely on the American Marines may be watching, or even check for future commitments. Yet, premise that the Soviet Union and Syria are couriously, the administration does participating in, a collapse. somehow behind all the troubles, that What has happened? Malik Salam, a re not want to concede that Congress has Syrian and Israeli withdrawal will somehow any right to participate in the deci spected Moslem leader, says the Lebanese bring peace or that a Phalange-dominated parliment elected Amin Gemayel as presi sionmaking as to the terms and condi government can prevent a renewed outbreak dent of Lebanon, but it did not elect the tions of present or future troop com of guerrilla and urban war. Maronite Phalangist party and its private mitments there. Instead of relying solely on President Oe militia to take over power in the country. This might not be so bad if the ad mayel, the United States should tum its en Walid Jumblatt, leader of the Druze, be ministration had pesented a definitive ergies toward the creation of a new national lieves there was a political deal with the consensus. Once again-how often does it Phalange before the Lebanese army went statement as to the policy it is pursu have to be said?-the United States needs to ing in Lebanon, how the marines' pres into Christian East Beirut, the Phalange's support widely shared aspirations rather home territory, earlier this year. He insists ence there fits into the picture, how than personalities. will he will not let that army into the mountain many personnel ultimately be In another excellent article, printed ous Chouf area-where Druze have lived for needed, what it will cost and how long in the Akron Beacon Journal of Sep centuries-until there is a far-reaching po it will take. But neither the Congress tember 16, the New York Times writer litical understanding with the central gov nor the American people have been Anthony Lewis states the question in ernment. given any such statement. One may be even stronger terms: The type of understanding he and many forgiven for wondering whether the Sunni and Shia Moslem leaders-seek is not In this political tangle then, what is the administration itself has any clear clear; little is clear in Lebanon. It incre~ mission of the Marines? Are they to be one ingly appears to be a demand for change m policy or has any answers to these more American military force dispatched questions. the political structure of the country that without political understanding and diplo would permit a greater sharing of power. In any event, before Congress takes matic will, so that they become sitting "Greater sharing" could lead to a denuncia any action that would give its blessing ducks? tion of the decades-old unwritten National to the continuation of U.S. Armed Or are the Marines really there to support Covenant, which gives the powerful presi Forces in Lebanon, Congress should the Oemayel government right or wrong, as dency, army command and parliamentary insist upon at least the following: the Reagan administration has seemed to be control to Maronites, or it could be the cre First, an acknowledgment by the ad signaling lately? If so, that is folly built on ation of a government of reconciliation to ministration that the War Powers Act ignorance. It will not impress the Syrians, include leaders like Saeb Salaam, a respect or our partners in the multinational force. A ed Sunni, Nabih Berri of Amal, which is the was triggered when the marines policy without the political determination became the objects of hostile fire in Shia fighting force, and Druze leader Jumb to move toward a more inclusive Lebanese latt. later August or early September. system is a recipe for disaster: for Lebanon In a powerful end-of-Ramadan address Second, an explanation by the ad and the United States. this summer, the leading Sunni religious ministration in precise and full detail These comments give added force to figure, addressing tens of thousands of Mos as to the policy reasons for a continu the editorial in the Akron Beacon lems in the Sports Arena, said there can be ing U.S. military presence in Lebanon. Journal of September 17, which points no usurpation of power by one armed group, Third, not only a policy but one that out that: that political power must be shared through a revision of the National Covenant and appears to have some chance of Unless Americans aims in the mess are achieving a political solution that will that all private militias-not just some clearer than they seem so far to much of have to be disbanded. restore peace and stability to Lebanon the public and many in the Congress, we It is this last point that has precipitated within a reasonable time. might be only stepping deeper into a quag the present crisis. On Aug. 16 Israeli De Of course, the proposed policy itself mire without any clear notion of how we fense Minister Moshe Arens flew to Beirut should be thoroughly aired and tested plan to pull ourselves out of it. where he met, first, with Sheik Pierre Ge in an informed debate in both Houses Today's Washington Post carries a mayel, head of the Phalange political party of Congress before any final military story that a compromise has been and, second, with Fadi Frem, the command commitment is made. Some of the fac worked out between the Senate leader er of the Phalange militia. The minister said tors to be taken into account have al ship and the White House and that it later he had urged "political accommoda tion between the Christian and Druze com ready been brought out in the lively is hoped that Speaker O'NEILL will munities." debate that has developed in the news agree. That is all very well, but the In Beirut, however, the meeting was media. For example, the Washington White House and the leadership ought viewed differently. Non-Maronite Christians Post of September 4 contained an ex to understand that an issue of this im and Moslems alike saw it as a blessing of the cellent article by L. Dean Brown, who portance is not going to be resolved by Phalange forces. It exacerbated their fear September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24979 that Amin Gemayel was not a president seems today. How necessary it is to deal After the Israeli invasion last year the committed to protect all religious communi with the perverse realities. Phalangist militia, the private army of the ties but the captive of the Phalange militia Gemayel branch of the Maronites, moved that had already flexed its muscles in [From the Akron Beacon Journal, Sept. 16, 2,000 soldiers into the Chouf. The Druse are Beirut, the Chouf and the south. 1983] insistent that they must leave; Chamoun's From fighting over turf in the Chouf be A PROPER LEBANESE SYSTEM CANNOT Maronite followers also reportedly want tween Maronite and Druze forces the con EXCLUDE FACTIONS them to go, feeling life would be more flict has spread to Beirut, involving not just peaceful if it returned to the old way of Druze and their new enemy, the Lebanese local arrangements. But the Gemayel gov army, but others. The Shia militia, Amal, is BosTON.-A Lebanese Moslem who pros ernment, unwilling or unable to move the heavily armed and is driven by the demand pered in the construction business, Rafiq Phalangists out, proposed to send in on top for "social justice" that we saw in the strug Hariri, launched a charitable project near of them a national army that the Druse dis gle against the shah in Iran. It has entered his home town of Sidon: a $300 million hos trust. Tension was inevitable. the fray. So have the long-dormant Murabi pital and college. Last spring Phalangist Beyond the obscure hatreds of the Chouf, toun, a leftist and originally pro-Nasser Christian Inilitiamen visited the site. At there are widespread feelings among the force. gunpoint they took bulldozers, tractors, Moslem majority in Lebanon that its people Fighting now is as complicated and as dif trucks and other equipment. Phalangist are not getting a fair shake from the Ge ficult to understand as it was in 1976. The leaders made clear that Hariri was suspect mayel government. Some bureaucratic jobs chief difference is that the PLO is not in because of his religion and his business ac and ambassadorial posts that in the part volved and that the multinational force can tivities in Saudi Arabia. had gone to them have now been given to become the accidental-or perhaps, if fight Hariri stopped construction. He appealed Christians. ing rages uncontrolled-the planned target. to President Amin Gemayel, whose family Gemayel may well have the best of inten We are not yet at the latter stage. Much of runs the Phalange. But last month the tions and simply lacked the power to carry the fighting is a form of political bargain Washington Post reported that most of the them out. His degree of influence over the ing. The Druze and Moslem groups are stolen equipment was still missing and the Phalange is uncertain. But in any event an saying: "We too have arms and power. If project stopped. internal solution, as a Western diplomat in you refused to hear our pleas in former That small incident-small by the bloody Lebanon said the other day, will have to in times of peace, we'll make them louder standards of contemporary Lebanon-makes volve "the Phalange reducing its demands today with guns.'' This sort of political bar a point that Americans ought to understand and tolerating more equal treatment for the gaining can quickly degenerate into chaos. as our military commitment in Lebanon Moslem segments of the community.'' This is where the United States comes in deepens. It is that many elements in the In this political tangle then, what is the Washington talks of sending in more troops Lebanese mosaic have legitimate fears about mission of the Marines? Are they to be one or pulling them out. But it's not that the way things are going under the Ge more American military force dispatched simple. It is obvious that the nature of the mayel government: not just the Druse who without political understanding and diplo game has changed. From unloaded rifles are fighting now, but Sunni and Shia Mos matic will, so that they become sitting when they arrived a year ago, the Marines lems and some Christians. ducks? have moved to exchanging fire-often with In recent days, the White House has been Or are the Marines really there to support unknown opponents. The hope that the sparring with congressional leaders about the Gemayel government right or wrong, as presence of a multinational force would constitutional issues in the deployment of the Reagan administration has seemed to be calm the situation and then lead to popular Marines in Lebanon. They are in substantial signaling lately? If so, that is folly built on support of a strong central government agreement now on a resolution authorizing ignorance. It will not impress the Syrians, whose army would control and disarm the the President to keep forces there for an ex or our partners in the multinational force. A multiple militias is gone. Instead, American, tended period. The remaining question is policy without the political determination French, Italian and British troops are close whether President Reagan will accept lan to move toward a more inclusive Lebanese to being regarded as allies of a central gov guage that recognizes Congress' authority system is a recipe for disaster: for Lebanon ernment under Phalange domination. This in this area. and the United States. is a dangerous situation. All that is very interesting to constitution It was indeed former Israeli defense minis al scholars, and important in the endless CFrom the Akron Beacon Journal, Sept. 17, ter Ariel Sharon's desire to see a Maronite contest of power between our executive and 1983] dominated government in power, a govern legislature. But it has little to do with the ment that could sign a peace treaty with problem in Lebanon. That is a political U.S. AIMS IN LEBANON NEED To BE MADE Israel even if it meant cutting off Lebanon problem: the failure of the Gemayel govern CLEARER from the Arab world. Many Lebanese Mos ment to build the national Lebanese consen The reason for this week's change in the lems, who saw themselves no longer as un sus needed to govern a country divided by orders to U.S. forces in and off Lebanon, it equal partners in a national consensus but tribe and sect. is reported, was that Secretary of State as doomed to subservience in a one-party The real question about the Marines, in George Shultz-and then President state, viewed American policy as supporting short, is what diplomatic and political strat Reagan-agreed with Mideast envoy Robert the Sharon line. Constant American repeti egy they are supposed to be supporting. The McFarlane's view that it will improve tion of a policy toward Lebanon of territori answer to that question is not clear. If the chances for a cease-fire and the start of a al integrity, independence and creation of a Reagan administration has an idea on how political rather than military resolution of strong central government without ever a to piece together even a limpingly viable Lebanon's problems. word about political reforms or the need to Lebanese policy, it is keeping the concept a Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger recreate a national consensus based on secret. It has worked for a ceasefire, but and the chiefs of staff, it is further report power sharing amplified the fears. does it have any longer-run political vision? ed, disagreed-but they lost the debate. American policy toward Lebanon needs a Gemayel took office with a lot of good will If it works, that's great. If it doesn't, dramatic change. It cannot rely on the going for him. He won the support of some unless American aims in the mess are clear premise that the Soviet Union and Syria are of the grand old feudal leaders of Labanon. er than they seem so far to much of the somehow behind all the troubles, that Americans who care about the once beauti public and many in the Congress, we might Syrian and Israeli withdrawal will somehow ful country were rooting for him. be only stepping deeper into a quagmire bring peace or that a Phalange-dominated But today no realist can fail to see that without any clear notion of how we plan to government can prevent a renewed outbreak much of the early hope for Gemayel has pull ourselves out of it. of guerrilla and urban warfare. dissipated. Authoritative reports from Leba The change is a considerable lengthening Instead of relying solely on President Ge non agree that a fundamental reason is the of the leash on those on the scene in free mayel, the United States should turn its en feeling of other communities that he has dom action ergies toward the creation of a new national run, or at least tolerated, an excessively sec It not only allows the Marine contingent consensus. Once again-how often does it tarian government. onshore to call for U.S. air and naval artil have to be said?-the United States needs to Consider the situation in the Shouf Moun lery support when it is deemed needed for support widely shared aspirations rather tains, the region near Beirut that has been self-protection, but allows extension of that than personalities. the scene of the recent heavy fighting. That "umbrella" to other contingents of the mul In June 1982 Henry Kissinger wrote in is the heartland of the Lebanese Druse. tinational peacekeeping forces there and The Post that the Israeli invasion of Leba Scattered among them are villages of Chris even to the Lebanese army under specified non "opens up extraordinary opportunities tian Maronites, mostly followers of Camille circumstances. for dynamic American diplomacy in the Chamoun, a Maronite warlord and former The order authorizes not only shooting Middle East.'' How pretentious that all president of the country. back when shot at, but possible pre-emptive 24980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 strikes where they are judged necessary to going to be offset by new reductions in About 22 States and the District of protect the sheltered forces. the Federal employees health benefits Columbia now impose copayments on And where earlier any decision to use this program. kind of force had to be cleared through prescription drugs. These copayments Washington, the naval task-force command While we do have legislation which range from 50 cents to $3 per prescrip er there will be free to make up his mind on would increase the Government's con tion. They represent a reduction in the spot-shortening reaction time. tribution to the health benefits pro the dispensing fee paid to pharmacists This, the Shultz-McFarlane school rea gram., its uncertain how quicky we will and drugstores by the States for proc sons, may cause Syrian-backed Druse forces be able to win congressional approval essing the prescriptions of medicaid to rethink the wisdom of continuing their for that proposal. It has been reported patients. This reduction varies from 8 foray toward Beirut, substantially changing that increases in health insurance pre their "cost-benefit" calculations. miums could average b.etween 18 to 25 percent to 73 percent of the fee. That, in turn, could encourage a cease-fire percent in January, a 3.5- or 4-percent The copayment requirements pose a and the start of an exchange of ideas rather pay increase would be offset completly special problem for pharmacists and than shells. drugstores. Many medicaid patients The change is a clear, if limited, strength if this happens. ening of U.S. support for the struggling gov The President's own pay advisers simply cannot afford to pay the copay ernment of President Amin Gemayel; but have reported that Federal pay lags ments, particularly if they require that, after all, was a main point of the put behind the private sector by about 20 multiple prescriptions. Moreover, it is ting U.S. and other peacekeeping forces percent. Labor Department surveys virtually impossible, as a practical there. show that the average pay increases matter, for a pharmacist to determine Few in the Congress seem eager to for U.S. workers in 1983 were between whether a beneficiary is unable to pay. demur-even among those arguing most strongly that under the War Powers Act 4.2 and 9.7 percent, with most raises Efforts to collect these small amounts congressional approval and advice should ranging in the 6.5- to 8.5-percent are extremely costly. Yet, in the ag now be brought into play. range. gregate, the loss in reimbursement for There appears to be a near-unanimity After reductions are made in health the pharmacists and drugstores can be that it would be unwise to withdraw the benefits and the new pay formula is large, particularly in those stores lo U.S. forces involved, and this seems a logical implemented, it will take at least a 6.9- cated in poor neighborhoods serving extension: If they have to be there, they percent p~y increase to enable Gov should somehow be made more effective. large numbers of medicaid patients. ernment workers to just to break even. According to the National Association But even Howard Baker, Mr. Reagan's I urge my colleagues to support this team leader in the Senate, is underscoring a bill and any other effort to preserve of Chain Drug Stores, the potential need for clarification of American aims so Federal employee pay and benefits loss to pharmacies resulting from med that the Congress and the public can better icaid copayments in the States that understand what is being done and why. from any further reductions.e What is likely to be haunting at least now impose them could be as high as some of them is the other possible reaction $43 million. to broadening of American activity there. THE MEDICAID PRESCRIPTION Whatever justification there might The forces opposing the Gemayel govern DRUG COPAYMENT AMEND be for imposing co payments on the ment there, and their Syrian and ultimately MENTS OF 1983 poor with regard to hospital care or Soviet backers, might decide to up the physician services-and I do not be combat ante instead of talking. And the Ge HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN lieve there is any-there is none in the mayel government might prove unequal to dealing with it even with this stepped-up OF CALIFORNIA case of prescription drugs. The classic help. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rationale for copayments is the reduc Then we might face a long, costly and con Tuesday, September 20, 1983 tion of unnecessary utilization of med fused involvement. To cope with it we would • Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am ical services. If patients are required to need at the very least to be clear about what pay part of the cost of their care, they we are trying to do and how.e today introducing H.R. 3941, the Med icaid Prescription Drug Copayment will use less. Amendments of 1983. This bill would This argument assumes, however, PARRIS INTRODUCES FEDERAL prohibit States from imposing copay that the patient makes the decision EMPLOYEE PAY RAISE ments or any similar charges on med about whether to use the service or LEGISLATION icaid beneficiaries with respect to pre not. Certainly, the patient generally scription drugs. decides whether to see a physician. HON. STAN PARRIS Under current law, States are per However, it is the physician-not the OF VIRGINIA mitted to impose nominal copayments patient-who decides whether a pre IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on medicaid recipients for a range of scription is necessary. The patient can Tuesday, September 20, 1983 covered services. There are certain ex only decide not to fill the prescription ceptions. States may not impose any that the physician has written, pre e Mr. PARRIS. Mr. Speaker, I am in copayments on pregnant women (for sumably because the drug is necessary troducing legislation today which calls pregnancy-related services), on chil for the patient's treatment. The phar for a 6.9-percent pay increase for Fed dren, or on nursing home residents. In macist simply fills the prescription. eral officers and employees, effective addition, States may not impose co The current medicaid copayment as of January 1, 1984. payments on emergency services, policy penalizes both the patient and For several years now, Government family planning services and supplies, workers have received limited pay in the pharmicist, neither of whom make and services provided by an HMO. the critical decision. If excess utiliza creases, have had substantial reduc Where a State chooses to impose co tions in health benefits, and have been payments, the provider is generally re tion of prescription drugs is a problem required to contribute to the medicare sponsible for collecting the required in State medicaid programs, then it trust fund. To add insult to injury, amount. States will commonly reduce should be dealt with directly by ad these same employees will soon experi reimbursement to participating pro dressing physician prescribing prac ence further reductions in their com viders by the amount of the required tices, not by reducing the income of pensation and benefits. copayment. If the beneficiary cannot the poor or the reimbursement to Depending on how quickly the Con pay the required copayment, the pro pharmacies. gress acts, the new compensation for vider must nonetheless deliver the This legislation would eliminate an mula will result in a pay reduction be service. Of course, the beneficiary re unnecessary and costly burden on ginning next month or whenever Gov mains liable to the provider for the co pharmacists and patients alike. I ernment workers get a pay increase. payment amount, and may be subject would urge my colleagues to support Unfortunately, any pay increase is to Collection Action, Inc. it.• September 20, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24981 PERSONAL EXPLANATION THE 101ST LABOR DAY and confused" by the growing problem of hunger in America. I am especially disturbed by this Presi HON. TOM CORCORAN HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY dent's lack of vision in terms of education. OP ILLINOIS OF MISSOURI The enviable standard of living we enjoy in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this country is a direct result of our commit ment to educational opportunities. Tuesday, September 20, 1983 Tuesday, September 20, 1983 Mr. Reagan is fond of reminding people e Mr. CORCORAN. Mr. Speaker, due •Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, currently, that he was a union president thirty years to previous commitments in Illinois the House is considering a major jobs ago. He has forgotten a lot in 30 years. Why creation bill, the Community Renewal else did he appoint an anti-union activist to yesterday, I was not present and head the agency that protects the right to voting during the consideration of and Employment Act. For this reason, I would like to bring to the attention join a union? Why did he cut the budget of H.R. 3222, State-Justice appropria the Occupational Safety and Health Admin tions bill for fiscal year 1984. Had I of my colleagues Congressman WIL istration? Why did a union have to sue Mr. been present, I would have voted LIAM FoRD's very eloquent description Reagan's Secretary of Labor to get Trade against the motion that the Commit of the unemployment crisis which Adjustment benefits for workers whose jobs tee of the Whole rise and report the cripples our Nation. Below is the text were eliminated by imports? bill back to the House since there were of Congressman FoRD's Labor Day ad I ask you to judge this President not by several amendments relating to school dress: what he says, but by what he does and what busing and school prayer which were LABOR DAY ADDRESS BY CONGRESSMAN he is not doing. WILLIAM FORD, SEPTEMBER 3, 1983 America urgently needs a coherent indus precluded from being offered by this trial policy, a program of aid to education, motion. I was "paired against" final This is Congressman Bill Ford of Michi gan. encouragement of basic science and applied passage of this bill because it was research, financial aid to essential indus grossly over budget.e This weekend we observe our lOlst Labor Day to honor America's working men and tries, trade restrictions and tax policies that women. stimulate innovation and production instead This year we should pause to reflect on of mergers and plant closings. IN HONOR OF MILITARY the plight of those millions of men and We need credit policies that favor produc RETIRED IN FEDERAL SERVICE women who are unemployed. Approximate tive investment in basic industries and ly ten and a half million American wage growth in the supply of basic needs such as HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI earners can't find jobs. And more than a housing. million and a half others have become so Mr. Reagan has undermined each element OF CALIFORNIA discouraged that they have quit looking. that should be part of this policy. He op IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Today President Reagan is taking credit posed the Chrysler loan guarantee. He op poses reasonable trade legislation such as Tuesday, September 20, 1983 for reducing the nation's unemployment rate. What could be more ironic? In effect the domestic content bill. He supports tight e Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I would he is saying he is reducing the suffering he money policies, and has artificially overval like to bring to the attention of my caused in the first place. ued the dollar, making it difficult for Ameri colleagues a group of constituents in In July of 1981, when President Reagan's can companies to sell products abroad. my district of Sacramento, Calif., who economic program was put into place, the Worst of all, Mr. Reagan has ignored the unemployment rate was 7 .2 percent and the needs of workers hurt by his policies. have recently formed an organization President said he would reduce it steadily. Between May of 1982 and May 1983, 6.8 to address the needs of retired mili Since then we have experienced the worst million Americans exhausted their unem tary personnel working for the Feder economic pain for workers since the Great ployment benefits. Mr. Reagan's response al Government. This organization, Depression. was to cut food stamps, to oppose legislation Military Retired in Federal Service, The record is clear. President Reagan's to provide health care and jobs for the un now has more than 500 active mem economic policy guaranteed both the reces employed. bers in the Sacramento area, with sion and the high unemployment rate that President Reagan's record is one of plans to expand membership through followed. He pushed through the biggest broken promises for America's working men out California and the Nation. The tax cut in history for the rich and the larg and women. And his policies pose a threat est peace time defense budget, while slam to their future.e aim is to work with the Congress and ming on the monetary brakes. Federal agencies to insure fair and eq Reaganomics, it turns out, was a dreadful uitable treatment for former military miscalculation. And American workers and personnel employed by the Federal their families are paying for it. So are the DEDICATED PUBLIC SERVICE Government. Membership by active families of the disadvantaged. duty military personnel is also encour President Reagan promised that drastic HON. WILLIAM R. RATCHFORD aged. cuts in social programs would pay for the The impetus for developing Military tax cut and the defense buildup. He said the OF CONNECTICUT tax money saved by the wealthy would be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Retired in Federal Service was the turned into new plant and equipment and Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1982, this would generate more than enough off Tuesday, September 20, 1983 which, as you know, provided that ci setting revenues. vilian Federal salaries of military retir Obviously it hasn't worked out this way. e Mr. RATCHFORD. Mr. Speaker, I ees would be reduced dollar for dollar Instead many of the budget cuts have dam rise today in recognition of Gertrude by the amount of pay increase in re aged our social fabric and pose a threat to Quist Walker, the Republican town tired military pay. Believing that this our future. clerk of the town of Weston for 38 Let's look at some of the results: years. Ms. Walker's life in public serv reduction constituted an unfair Spending on employment and training burden on military retirees, efforts ice has certainly been a distinguished during 1982-85 has been reduced 60 percent one. She was first elected town clerk were begun to organize a group that at at time when Americans desperately need could speak for the interests of this new skills for a new economic age. Job train in 1945, the post she still occupies special group of Federal workers. ing programs have been cut 35 percent. today. In addition to her fine service The development ot Military Retired Despite convincing studies that the U.S. is as town clerk, Ms. Walker also served in Federal Service is ·rthus a fine exam falling behind in education, spending on as secretary to the planning and ple of the American political process almost every education program has been zoning commission and other zoning in action. I commend the organization cut almost $4 billion in the last 3 years. board of appeals. All of us in public Child nutrition programs have been service will miss her daily presence in to my colleagues and look forward to slashed 28 percent. A million lower income working with its membership on issues children have been cut from school feeding town hall and thank her for her fine of concern over the course of the con programs. Now the same President who dic record of outstanding service. Thank gressional session.e tated these cuts says that he is "perplexed you, Mr. Speaker.• 24982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 20, 1983 ONE SOLUTION TO THE DRUNK In response to this, I have intro PuBLIC CITIZEN, DRIVING EPIDEMIC: STATES duced House Concurrent Resolution Washington, D.C., August 2, 1983. RAISING THE DRINKING AGE Representative BILL GOODLING, 23, a resolution expressing the sense of 2263 RHOB, TO 21 the Congress that the minimum age Washington, D. C. for drinking and purchasing alcoholic DEAR REPRESENTATIVE GOODLING: Thank HON. WIWAM F. GOODLING beverages should be raised to 21. you for your letter of June 28. I agree with you that teenage drunk driving is a severe OF PENNSYLVANIA This resolution reflects one of the key recommendations of the Presiden problem which should be more actively ad IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dressed than it is now. I will be happy to tial Commission On Drunk Driving. support your efforts to ameliorate the prob Tuesday, September 20, 1983 Senator ARLEN SPECTER has introduced lem. Please accept my endorsement of e Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, in the companion resolution, and so far House Concurrent Resolution 23. the last year, I have become very 15 U.S. Senators and 78 Members of Sincerely, active in Congress, in some of the Congress have cosponsored the meas JOAN CLAYBROOK, States, and with private organizations ure. It has received endorsements President. in promoting legislation addressing a from Cabinet Members Elizabeth MOTOR VEHICLE very serious problem in this country: Dole, the Secretary of Transportation, MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, teenage drunk driving. and Margaret Heckler, the Secretary Washington, D.C., August 9, 1983. Do you know what I have learned? of Health and Human Services. In ad Hon. BILL GOODLING, Although drunk driving is a problem dition, numerous organizations and af House of Representatives, that pervades all age groups of our li filiations have endorsed 21 nationwide, Washington, D.C. censed population, it is especially DEAR MR. GOODLING: I am pleased to led by the National Transportation assure you that, as a member of the Presi severe for teenagers. The combination Safety Board, the National Safety dential Commission on Drunk Driving, I en of learning to drive, youthful risk Council, and Mothers Against Drunk dorse and support your efforts to raise to 21 taking, and drinking makes auto acci Drivers . the minimum age for purchasing and drink dents the No. 1 killer of teenagers in I hope we see passage of House Con ing alcoholic beverages in those states this country. which now permit drinking below the age of current Resolution 23 in this session 21. I have made a real effort to draw at of Congress, for I really do believe this tention to this problem, and to per At the regional hearings of the Commis suade the Congress to make a strong is an issue which all the State legisla sion, officials and citizens discussed the tures should take up in their respec drinking and driving problem in their states statement in support of a uniform na and communities. These hearings convinced tional policy, enacted individually by tive chambers-particularly at a time when many of the States are reviewing me that the overinvolvement of young driv the States, because 23 years in the ers in fatal crashes justifies intensive na education field has taught me a valua their educational systems. If we really tionwide action to reduce the extraordinary ble lesson-that the youth of this are in pursuit of excellence in educa social and economic losses from alcohol-re country are valuable to this country tion, then we cannot overlook teaching lated accidents. Your resolution is a vital beyond description. our teens as well as our youngsters part of that action. Most of the ones so tragically affect about the problems of alcohol abuse, Very truly yours, ed by teenage drunk driving are just and the dangers posed by drinking and V. J. ADDUCI. beginning to understand who they are driving. AUGUST 11, 1983. and what they want out of life. They Recently, I received the following Hon. BILL GOODLING, have parents. They have interesting, letters of support for this idea, which I House of Representatives, and chances are, innocent faces. They commend to my colleagues' attention, Washington, D. C. listen to stereos. They play video from: The American College of Pre DEAR MR. GOODLING: The Nurses Associa games. They compete on athletic ventive Medicine, Public Citizen, the tion of the American College of Obstetri fields and in the classroom. They talk cians and Gynecologists supports the intent Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Associa of House Concurrent Resolution 23 to raise for hours on the telephone. And all tion, the Nurses Association of the the drinking age to 21. We agree with the too many of them can only be remem American College of Obstetricians and concept that we should have a national bered now-remembered by the high Gynecologists
