www.ukrweekly.com

^f|f fpuMshed by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association^ Ukrainian Weekly Vol. LIV No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 28,1986 25 cents Ratushynska arrives in Britain Sakharov, Bonner return to JERSEY CITY, N.J. — Soviet such conditions that would not want JERSEY CITY, N.J. —Dr. Andrei crimes. poetess Iryna Ratushynska arrived in to continue human-rights activities in Sakharov and his wife Elena Bonner News of Dr. Sakharo¥*s release came London on December 18 with her the future," she stated. "Frequently returned to Moscow Tuesday, Decem­ on Friday, Decerrtber 19, at a press husband, Ihor Herashchenko, and after measures applied to us were senseless ber 23, ending nearly seven years' conference. Vladimir F. Petrovsky, a a meeting with Prime Minister Mar- humiliations. As a rule, actual physical internal exile in the town of Gorky for deputy foreign mimster,announced that geret Thatcher on December 22 an­ blows were not used. They did not need the physicist and two for his wife, for the Soviet authorities had approved a nounced her plans to stay in the West. this. their advocacy of human rights. request by the physicist to return to Ms. Ratushynska, 32, arrived in the "They refined it down to extreme cold, Dr. Sakharov and Ms. Bonner were Moscow with his wife. Dr. Sakharov West with a three-month Soviet travel extreme filth, extreme hunger. Condi­ greeted by a swarm of Western re­ won the 1975 Peace Prize for his human visa to seek medical treatment. Reuters tions were geared to ensure that you porters and camermen as they stepped rights work; his brilliance in theoretical reported that she discussed primarily died when you left the camp. I went into off train No. 37 from Gorky, an in­ (Continued on page 16) Soviet problems with the prime minister prison as a healthy young woman, and dustrial city 250 miles east of Moscow, during the 35-minute meeting. three years later I was certain I would according to . Earlier, her husband stated: "Iryna not live out this year." Gorky is closed to foreigners. While a Crimean Tatar and I intend to live in the West. I English clergyman Richard Rogers, group of friends were on hand at Yaro­ consider the possibility of a return to the who for 90 days stayed in a cage to slavl station to welcome the couple, will become a reality only campaign for her release, said doctors there was no official greeting party. leader Dzhemilev when respect for human rights will who examined the poetess stated she Dr. Sakharov was exiled to Gorky on become something real not only in was emaciated arid frail, but did not January 22, 1980 without trial or released in USSR words but in deeds." conviction when he denounced Soviet seem to have suffered permanent da­ by Bohdan Faryma Ms. Ratushynska, a Russian Or­ mage from heart and kidney ailments, intervention in Afghanistan. His case has come to symbolize Soviet human- thodox believer, spoke of her ordeals in Reuters reported. NEW YORK — , rights abuses and Western leaders have labor camp, where she had served three During her imprisonment, Ms. Ra­ a prominent Soviet and leader continually pressed the Kremlin for his years of a seven-year sentence for "anti- tushynska wrote some 250 poems, most of the Crimean Tatars, a persecuted release. His wife was sentenced to five Soviet agitation and propaganda-at the of them on bars of soap. In an interview Muslim minority, has been freed from a years of exile in Gorky in 1984 on time of her release in October. with Washington Post correspondent Siberian labor camp. "The regime in the women's political Gary Lee before she left the Soviet charges of anti-Soviet activity. Ms. , an exiled Soviet author camp was adapted specifically to create (Continued on page 16) Bonner has been pardoned of her who lives in Cologne, West Germany, told The Ukrainian Weekly today that Mr. Dzhemilev had been freed after the Honchar's "Sobor" to be published in Ukrainian court found him guilty of "slandering the Soviet system," but then gave him a by Dr. Roman Soichanyk members of the Ukrainian intelligentsia the novel began to appear in articles by conditional suspended sentence of three were raising similar issues in petitions Ukrainian writers published in Kiev and Several recent developments in addressed to party and government Moscow. The well-known literary critic Ukrainian literature and the arts indi­ bodies that ultimately found their way Mykola Zhulynsky referred to "Sobor" Mr. Kopelev learned about Mr. cate that the liberalization of Russian into the samvydav. Simultaneously, in in an survey of Ukrainian prose writing Dzhemilev's release when he called Dr. cultural life that has been evident during neighboring Czechoslovakia, the Pra­ that appeared in the January issue of the on December 19, after the past year may be having something gue Spring appeared to pose an internal literary monthly . Not long after, the Nobel Peace Prize-winning scien­ akin to a "fallout effect" in . threat in the form of a spillover of such the poet Borys Oliynyk, writing in the tist's internal exile was rescinded. Although by no means as all-embracing "counterrevolutionary" notions as Moscow journal Literaturnoye Oboz- (Continued on page 16) as the changes in Moscow or Leningrad, socialism with a human face. renie, hinted at the scandalous treat­ there are signs that the relaxation of Writing in Pravda on the eve of the ment that Mr. Honchar had suffered at controls that has led some observers to Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslova­ the hands of stalwarts of political speak of a cultural renaissance in the kia, Oleksandr Botvyn, at that time first orthodoxy in the arts: Soviet Union is having an impact in secretary of the Kiev City Party Com­ Kiev as well. mittee, linked "Sobor" and the writings "Today, many, particularly the of other Ukrainian intellectuals with young, think that fate has always looked favorably on that illustrious Hidden away in an otherwise mun­ " little theories' about the need for' master of the word ... But dane report about the literary works 'democratization' and 'liberalization' of let us go back to the end of the 1960s. that the publishing house in­ socialism." A virulent campaign against The all-Unipn reader is scarcely aware tends to issue to commemorate the 70th Mr. Honchar was launched by the party that Oles Honchar's novel 'Sobor' was anniversary of the October Revolution leadership in Dnipropetrovske, the published at that time, and that it was is the announcement that Oles Hon­ home base of Volodymyr Shcherbyt- not received, to put it mildly, uniform­ char's controversial novel "Sobor"(The sky, and was accompanied by arrests ly... Unfortunately, some of the retro­ Cathedral) will soon be available once and persecution of "Ukrainian bour­ grades tried to obscure the clear and again to Ukrainian readers. The work geois nationalists." In retrospect, it accurate strategy of the novel by adroit caused a political storm when it was first appears that the "Sobor" affair was the demogogy, attributing to it, in addition, published in Ukraine in 1968 because of first in a series of moves organized by various kinds of 'isms.' " its criticism of the destruction of Ukrai­ the so-called Dnipropetrovske group nian historical and cultural monu­ with Mr. Shcherbytsky at its head to At the same time Sergei Baruzdin, ments. Mr. Honchar focuses on the bring down the incumbent Ukrainian chief editor of the Moscow literary issue of national identity and historical Party leader . monthly Druzhba Narodov, which continuity as symbolized by an ancient Mr. Honchar himself never suffered specializes in the publication of non- Kozak cathedral that is threatened with personally because of his novel, al­ Russian writers in Russian translation, destruction at the hands of an eager though in May 1971, he relinquished his announced on the pages of Kyiv that "cultural \vorker" in a small village in post as chairman of the Board of the Sobor would appear, together with the industrial heartland of Ukraine. Ukrainian Writers' Union. "Sobor," another of Mr. Honchar's works, in the Interwoven with this main therne are however, became an "unbook,"and was first supplement this year to his journal. other such issues as the philistinism of not included in the six-volume collec­ 5 Mr. Oliynyk used the forum of the mindless Soviet bureaucrats and the tion of his works published in 1978- Congress of Soviet Writers in Moscow ecological disasters that have resulted 1979. Indeed, it was not even listed in to raise the "Sobor" issue once again, calls for the release of from the destructive drive for*"pro­ the author's bibliography appended to noting that the editors of Druzhba Mustafa Dzhemilev during a December gress" at all costs. the collected edition. Narodov had struggled for 18 years to 18 demonstration in front of the United "Sobor" appeared at a time when Then, earlier this year, references to (Continued on page 2) Nations. Honchar's "Sobor"... radical overhaul. Thus, at the above- Ukraine, and played an active role in the Evidence mounts: mentioned meeting attended by Mr. dissident ferment that followed in its (Continued from page 1) Taniuk, the minister of culture explain­ wake, Ms. Kostenko's works were of KGB drive to obtain permission for the novel's publi­ ed that "the cardinal question" was the barred from publication for more than a cation. The same point was made by need to do everything possible with all decade. disband peace group :\ Mr. Baruzdin in an interview in litera- speed to raise the ideological and turnaya Gazeta in July. Subsequently, artistic level of creativity. He noted that Press grows bolder by Bohdan Faryma at an open meeting of the Kiev writers' bad productions "have taken deep root Party organization, the critic Vitaliy in our practice...One sometimes gets the The republication of "Sobor" and NEW YORK — Evidence is mount­ Koval referred to the "vulgar interpre­ impression that some of our theaters Mr. Taniuk's return to Ukraine are ing that the KGB is undertaking an tation" that had been accorded Mr. stage productions only in order to meet indicative of the changes that are under intensive campaign to disband an Honchar's novel and demanded that output figures." An article in Litera- way in Ukrainian cultural life. There are independent peace group in the Soviet those responsible be exposed: "Okay, turnaya Gazeta not so very long ago others. Some poems by Vasyl Holobo- Union, the Second World Press (SWP) let's name names. Let's recall and let's began with the following observation: rodko, another member of the "Sixties reported yesterday. quote. Will we name the names of those "The Ukrainian theater now finds Group" whose work has not been On December 3, Alexander Zaitsev,a who simply remained silent at the time, itself in a difficult situation. This did not published for two decades, have now member of the Group for the Establish­ and whose conspiracy of silence visited come about today or yesterday. There appeared in Ukraina. The weekly Lite- ment of Trust between the East and the so much damage upon all of literature." arises* the legitimate question: Where raturna Ukraina apparently has no West (the Trust Group), was arrested The campaign to rehabilitate "So­ were the Ukrainian writers, play­ qualms about discussing the ruinous and confined to a psychiatric hospital in bor" has been successful. The novel will wrights, and directors all this time? I do effect of the tsarist edicts of 1721 and Moscow for his activities with the appear in a new seven-volume collec­ not hestiate to say that many of them 1876 banning the . group, according to SWP, an interna­ tion of Mr. Honchar's works that will be worked and continue to work actively, And, finally, there is the following tional news service monitoring human- published in time to coincide with the but often their efforts have amounted to example of glasnost in action, taken rights abuses in the Soviet Union. author's 70th birthday. nothing." from an article by the young writer Mr. Zaitsev had previously been The situation is at its worst among that appeared detained on September 2 while partici­ Return of a theater director young people, where the theaters find it recently in Literaturnaya Gazeta: pating in a Moscow seminar organized impossible to compete with the cinema. "There was an ideological worker of by the independent peace group. A recent issue of the Ukrainian One sociological study conducted by an high rank in Ukraine. I will not identify On November 29, AnatolyCherkasov, cultural weekly Kultura i Zhyttia carried oblast theater revealed that in the him for ethical considerations — he is another Trust Group member, was an article titled "Contact" that reported age-group 15 to 30, average cinema no longer among the living. He worked arrested in a Moscow subway station on a meeting between leading figures in attendances were 30 per year while the as an oblast committee secretary res­ and also put into a mental hospital. the world of Ukrainian theater with the corresponding figure for theater atten­ ponsible for ideology, [but] was re­ republican minister of culture, Yu*- O. dances was slightly more than one per moved: he didn't find a common'lan­ Mr. Cherkasov had traveled to the Olenenko. The meeting was called for year. An indication of how serious the guage with the creative intelligentsia. Soviet cap if ^1 w it h ;a letter from Kuiby­ "the purpose of discussing — in an problems are may be gauged from the Oh but what malice he harbored to­ shev peace activists urgkig General open, honest, and constructive manner fact that last year the journal Kyiv wards this same intelligentsia: Having Secretary and — a number of urgent problems and instituted a special discussion of the remained in the background, to every­ President Ronald Reagan to come to an v tasks facing theaters in the republic in topic "Youth and the Theater. one's surprise he surfaced in an impor­ agreement concerning the jamming of the light of the party s requirements for Ukraine is not, of course, the only tant leading post in the republic. And Western broadcasts to the Soviet Union. increasing the effectiveness of the place in the Soviet Union where theaters now, no, he didn't do the dkty^ work Mr. Cherkasov, confined three times theaters' activities." Among the "lead­ are playing to nearly empty houses. This himself... For many years Honchar's in the past to mental institutions for his 1 ing figures" who attended the meeting, is a conduct a union-wide experimental Sobor, ' Ivanychuk's 'Malvy , and dissident activities, resides in Kuiby­ the newspaper named Les Taniuk, reorganization of the theater^ in which Stelmakh's 'Chotyry Brody'were reject­ shev, 550 miles southeast of Moscow. identifying him as the chief director of six Ukrainian theaters will be taking ed; a taboo was placed on the Ukrainian Ori".Noyernbef 26, peace; aptjvist.. the' Kiev Youth Theater: v •• ' •"; i «: part. Herein too, it seems, lies the historical novel; • "Kryhytsya-dlya Sergei Svetushjcm, a graduate ol the, The skepticism of readers who may explanation of how it was possible for Sprahlykh" and "Propavsha Hramota" Moscow Institute of Foreign Affairs, have expressed some doubt as to the Mr. Taniuk to return to Ukraine. The never made it to the screen. Even the was arrested and charged with "parasi­ accuracy of this report would have been authorities continue to view the theater subscription edition of the works of the tism." Mr. Svetushkin has not been able entirely justified. For the last 20 years or as a useful vehicle for "Communist Ukrainian historian Dmytro Yavornyt- to find a job because of his record as a so, Mr. Taniuk has been in "exile" of upbringing"; but before it can perform sky was hastily discontinued and the dissident. sorts, living and working in Moscow. this function it must have an audience. subscribers were refunded their money On November 27, the historian An­ His return to Ukraine is a mild sensa­ And this is something that Mr. Taniuk without explanation. The 'helpers' drei Krivov, also a Trust Group mem­ tion. can deliver. : * '}" worked to the utmost, relying now on ber, was arrested and put in jail for 15 In the early 1960s, Mr. Taniuk (born Indeed, judging by his plans for the their personal tastes and rushing to days. in 1938) was a young stage director Kiev Youth Theater, which he laid out anticipate the views of their patron." To defend their coHeagues, Trust whose talent was hardly disputed. A in a recent interview in the journal The above is a damning indictment Group activists tried to organize a graduate of the Karpenko-Karyi Thea­ Ukraina, the authorities may get more of almost 30 years of Soviet cultural- demonstration on December 1 for the ter Institute in Kiev and a student of the than they bargained for. Among other policies in Ukraine. Is there more to release of all "prisoners of peace" in the famous Marian Krushelnytsky, he things* "Mr; Taniuk intends to stage come? Judging by the most recent issues Soviet Union. worked for a time with the T.H. Shev- 's "Marusya Churai"and of the Kiev press, the answer appears to However, the KGB was able to chenko Ukrainian Drama Theater in Mr. Honchar's "Sobor." Ms. Kostenko be yes. However, as in the Khrushchev prevent the protest action by putting Kharkiv. is widely recognized as one of the finest period, there is the everpresent danger most of the group's members under His association with the Ukrainian contemporary Ukrainian poets. She that someone in the Kremlin will come house arrest. Only two women — the theater proved, however, to be short­ was a central figure in the so-called to the obvious conclusion that the wife of the imprisoned Mr. Krivov, lived. Mr. Taniuk's innovative style and "Sixties Group" (Shestydesiatnyky"), relaxation of ideological controls may Irina, and Natalia Akulenok — showed inclination towards experimental tech­ a generation of young writers that came lead to a situation where the risks up at the main entrance to Moscow's niques proved too much for the Ukrai­ to the fore in the early 1960s, ultimately exceed the benefits^ particularly where Gorky Park, the site of the rally. nian cultural establishment. Shunned provided *he stimulus for the cultural the national question is at the heart of In another case, Nina Kovalenko, an by conservative theater directors, Mr. and national revival of post-Stalin the matter. artist from Moscow and also a Trust Taniuk was forced to "emigrate" to Group member, was sent to a psychia­ Moscow. Ivan Dzyuba, writing in late tric hospital on September 27 — the day 1965, called attention to the Taniuk she was arrested for trying to demon­ affair in connection with the dismal strate for the release of Nicholas Dani- state of affairs in the Ukrainian theater Ukrainian Weekly FOUNDED 1933 loff, the American journalist then in his now classic "Internationalism or detained by Soviet authorities and Russification?" An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National accused of espionage. Ms. Kovalenko "The situation in the Ukrainian Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ. had successfully staged a demonstration theatre is almost catastrophic. The 07302. on Mr. Daniloffs behalf on September Franko Academic Drama Theater in Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. 20. Kiev is in a state of permanent helpless­ (ISSN,- 0273-9348) In addition to imprisoning members ness and drabness, while at the same of the Trust Group, the Soviet authori­ time the talented young director Les ties have resorted to expelling those Taniuk was refused work until in the Yearly subscription rate: $8; for UNA members — $5. peace activists they may deem less end he was forced to leave Ukraine. Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. vulnerable to jsersecution. On Novem­ Now he works in Moscow, he is gladly The Weekly and Svoboda: ber 24, tfW family of Trust Group invited to the best Moscow theaters, UNA: : (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 member'Gutman Ctvitan was told to where productions he directs enjoy (201)451-2200 leave the Soviet tjnion within three tremendous popularity." Postmaster, send address days. Today, more than 20 years since these changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz Established in May 1982, the Trust lines were written, the over-all situation The Ukrainian Weekly Assistant Editors: Michael B. Bocitirkiw (Canada) Group believes that stable peace in the looks more or less like it did then. The P.O. Box 346 Natalia A. Feduschak world is possible only as a result of Ukrainian literary and cultural press, Jersey City, NJ. 07303 Chrystyna N. Lapychak broad personal contacts, including particularly during the past year, has cultural and information exchanges, been exceptionally forthright in its The Ukrainian Weekly, December 28, 1986, No. 52, Vol. LIV between the Soviet Union and the West, criticism of the Ukrainian theater, Copyright 1986 by The Weekly wifhout government restrictions. emphasizing the urgent need for # . D.C. symposium features experts' discussion on Chornobyl , by Yarp Bihun accident in the field of nuclear energy thus far," Dr. Masnyk said. WASHINGTON — The Chornobyl In comparison to the Three Mile nuclear disaster, which has claimed 3.1 Island nuclear accident in the United lives, may end up killing more than States, which released 15 curies of 100,000 people through cancer caused radioactivity, Chornobyl put more than by exposure to its radiation. 100 million curies into the environ­ Dr. Ihor Masnyk of the National ment, he said. Half of this load was Cancer Institute says Soviet experts deposited within 30 kilometers from the estimate that about 45,000 people in plant, "which presents a mammoth Ukraine and Byelorussia will die of clean-up problem and raises the specter cancer over the next 70 years as a result of lingering health effects"as the radio­ of long-term exposure to Chornobyrs activity continues to enter the food radiation. Some Western estimates chain over the next generation. based on the same data, however, About 135,000 people were eva­ expect the death toll to top 100,000 cuated from the 30-kilometer zone, but, during the same period. Dr. Masnyk said, because of superficial "The true figure may never be known testing, it will be difficult to determine because of the large population used as in the future which incidents of cancer the base line, and the almost paranoid among that group were caused by security clamps placed by Soviet autho­ Chornobyl and which by something rities on population data," Dr. Masnyk else, Dr. Masnyk said. [Natalie Siuzar told a symposium on the impact and In addition to the 31 already dead At Hie Washington Group's symposium on the Chornobyl nuclear accident are: consequences of the Chornobyl acci­ (according to official Soviet reports) speakers (from left) Paul Goble, Dr. David Marples, Dr. Larissa Fontana and Dr. dent. from acute radiation poisoning, and the Ihor Masnyk. Dr. Masnyk, who is acting associate scores of thousands that will die in the Dr. Marples recalled that when Ukrainian Communist Party boss, Vo- director for international affairs at the future, babies born to women who were Vladimir Dolgikh, a candidate member lodymyr Shcherbytsky, the State De­ NCI, spoke about the "Biomedical between the eighth and 15th week of of the Politburo, visited Zaporizhzhia partment official said, prefacing his Aspects of Chornobyl" during a panel pregnancy at the time of radiation in October, he revealed some of the remarks by saying that he was express­ discussion with three other experts on exposure carry a risk of severe mental problems causing the six-month delay ing his own opinions. On the contrary, the catastrophe: Dr. David Marples of retardation, and diminished mental in bringing the reactor on line by June. he pointed out, those fired were in the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian performance in the less affected, he said. Those problems, Dr. Marples said, were Moscow or were fired directly through Studies at the University of Alberta, all familiar: a lack of skilled personnel, Moscow ministries. whose book "Chernobyl and Nuclear Soviets spurned aid shoddy construction materials, chronic "The fact is that the Chornobyl plant Power in the USSR" was published by supply problems and an outdated was in Ukraine but bureaucratically and St. Martin's Press this month; Paul Dr. Masnyk said that Soviet authori­ centralized planning system. legally it was under the control of the Goble, an expert on Soviet nationali­ ties have thus far spurned all official And the entombment of the exploded all-union ministries in Moscow, and ties at the State Department's Bureau of U.S. efforts at instituting medical Chornobyl reactor, first billed as a that the problems, if they existed, were Intelligence and Research; and Dr. cooperation on Chornobyl. solution for hundreds of years, is now problems of Moscow's own making." Larissa Fontana, who heads the Wash­ Dr. Marples, an expert on Soviet estimated to last only one generation, From the late 1970s, he said there had ington Ukrainian Community Net­ energy and nuclear power policy, un­ according to Dr. Marples, "and the next been "a drumbeat of criticism" about work. Dr. Andrew Hruszkewycz. of covered severe dangers in the way generation might think of something Chornobyl, including an ajr^ele George Washington University and the nuclear power was being developed in more appropriate." "Vitchyzna" 75 days before the acci­ National Institute of Health was the Ukraine. He warned in October 1985 dent, in which the chief construction moderator. that unless the Soviets improved safety Decontamination problems engineer suggested that the problems The discussion, held December 10 at mechanisms, an accident at the Ukrai­ here were the result of cost-cutting the St. Sophia Center, was sponsored nian nuclear power plant was quite The massive decontamination pro­ directives from Moscow over the past by The Washington Group, an associa­ likely in the near future. cess around Chornobyl has been plagued year, "very probably suggesting that tion of Ukrainian American profes­ Problems with the Chornobyl plant by problems, as well, he said. Thousands this was Mr. Gorbachev's doing," Mr. sionals. have been reported in the press since of conscripts have been brought in from Goble said. "Although probably not the last one, 1974, Dr. Marples said, and "the situa­ the Baltic republics; safety standards the Chornobyl accident is the worst tion at Soviet nuclear plants before have lapsed; there have been complaints "Glasnost" backfired Chornobyl gave cause for serious con­ about unavailable funds for protective cern if not alarm." clothing, inadequate housing and a Mr. Goble suggested that, indeed, SUSTA cites Problems continue to plague the lack of shower facilities for clean-up "glasnost had backfired" and that Mr. industry after Chornobyl. None of the personnel. Gorbachev and Moscow had been put Solidarity Day reactors scheduled to come on line in Two reactors at Chornobyl have on the defensive. 1986 did, including one at the model already been restarted and Moscow has Internationally, the Soviet Union lost facility in Zaporizhzhia, which was built WASHINGTON — The Federation announced that a third will be restarted face over Chornobyl, Mr. Goble said. from start to finish in the world-record by next June, the fifth will go on line in "There was nearly unanimous condem­ of Ukrainian Student Organizations of time of four years. America (SUSTA) is urging its mem­ 1987 and the sixth by 1990. nation" for the late and incomplete bers and student clubs throughout the At the world energy conference in accounting of what happened, and Mr. United States to hold rallies and hunger Cannes, , in October, Valeriy Gorbachev's commitment to any kind strikes on January 12, 1987, to demon­ Women's associationLegasov , a member of the presidium of of a more open society that would live strate their solidarity with Ukrainian the Soviet Academy of Sciences, an­ up to its international obligations was political prisoners. recalls Chornobyl nounced that the USSR plans to in­ called into question. Ukrainian journalist Vyacheslav crease its reliance on nuclear energy. He The consequences in Chornovil chose January 12 as a day of MAPLEWOOD, N.J. — Members was quoted as saying that the Soviet were most severe in Yugoslavia and protest against the massive repressions of the Ukrainian American Youth Union had lost more farmland from the especially in Poland, where thousands that were unleashed on that day in 1972. Association and Women's Association construction of hydro-electric dams signed protest petitions, and pictures of Soviet-Russian authorities unleashed for the Defense of Four Freedoms for than from the entire Chornobyl acci­ children ingesting iodine were a daily these repressions in an effort to halt the Ukraine erected a symbolic Christmas dent. And Soviet Premier Nikolai feature on Polish television. broad-based movement for human and tree of hope for the innocent Ukrainian Ryzhkov had said that Soviet nuclear "The Soviet regime has prpved on power capacity would be increased by national rights which has flourished in children who are the victims of the more than one occasion that it's not 500 to 600 percent by the year 2000. Ukraine within the last 20 years, said the Chornobyl nuclear disaster. The display terribly interested in wh^t the pppula- SUSTA executive in a news release. is at the Maplewood Public Library on "So Soviet confidence in the future of tiori thinks in terms of the policiesthai '"it The releases urged members to take Baker Street. the industry is unassuaged... But one adopts. But," he added, "as the regime leadership roles in organizing hunger The Christmas tree is decorated with : should be assured of one fact," Dr. has been less willing to use coercion, it strikes throughout the country and to faceless angels and white lights as a Marples said, "and that is that the has had to rely oni a certain amount of work together with SUM-A, Plast, symbol of hope for the thousands of ramifications of the disaster are still popular support or even enthusiasm for ODUM, TUSM, and other student and unknown Ukrainian children who are with us." particular policy choices, and popular youth organizations in making the victims of radiation from the nuclear Mr. Goble spoke about the "political attitudes affect what the regime is likely event a success. disaster. - £? • • r-r- •«•'•- ..vuv- fallout" of Chornobyl, analyzing its to do," ; In the past years, President Ronald Americans of Ukrainian descent in effect on Soviet domestic politics, on Mn Goble cited three Soviet're­ Reagan has sent telegrams to students the state of New Jersey and the United what he termed "high politics" with publics as examples of where public' observing this day. In one of the tele­ States thus have joined the entire World Eastern Europe and the West, and on attitudes following Chornobyl in­ grams the President Sta^edV "Tliis in the expression of sympathy to the the "low politics" of public opinion and fluenced policy choices: occasion is a reminder of the Ukrainian families of Chornobyl's victims and attitudes of the middle-and low-level • Long-standing criticism by Rus­ prisoners' of conscience devbtioh to the share the deep sorrow of the Ukrainian Soviet elite. sian nationalists against "the draining noblest aspirations pf the human spirit: population, as well as their concern Political pundits missed the mark in of our precious bodily fluids" through the desire for freedom and the resistance aboutt> .the ^potential ^c^nSjequences of predicting that Soviet party leader the proposed diversipn of rivers from ta the imposition of inhumane political unpredictable magnifuoe which will • Mikhail Gorbachev would use Chor­ to other republics surfaced :: idte»aii#system*^ ' • *• ------affect future generations. ~"" ' ~ "' nobyl as an excuse to replace the' (Continued on page l'4f BOOK REVIEW Faces and Places The national movement in by Myron B. Kuropas by Eugene M. Iwanciw national consciousness among all sec­ tors of the population. It is the story and Rarely does one run across a scholar­ the conflicts in the development of the ly work, especially about Ukrainian literary language and its orthography What we need in '87 history, that is also enjoyable reading that is the basis of the work. for the layman. Such a work is "The While the peasants were strongly You want to know what our commu­ Chicago last November 29. Why? If we Ukrainian National Movement in Gali­ Ukrainian, Galicia lacked a Ukrainian nity needs most in 1987? fail to preserve both, does that mean our cia: 1815-1849" by Jan Kozik, recently intelligentsia. Over time, most of the I'll tell you: direction. community is doomed? published in English by the Canadian educated became Polo- We need direction. We have lost our "It is time for the young generation of Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the nized. The leadership of the Ukrainian way. Many of our establishment or­ professionals to take a greater interest University of Alberta. movement, therefore, fell to the only ganizations are floating into the 21st and get involved in the so-called esta­ The book is, in reality, the translation educated segment of the population century on a ship without a rudder. blishment organizations," writes Eu­ and merger of Dr. Kozik's two doctoral with some semblance of national con­ Most of our Ukrainian institutions gene Iwanciw in the December 7 issue of theses which were published in Poland sciousness — the priests. The young were established 100 or 90 or 75 or even The Ukrainian Weekly. Why? In their in 1973 and 1975. In 1977, he agreed to priests, however, often found them­ 30 years ago to meet certain community present condition, what do these orga­ the translation of his two books into selves in conflict with the Greek Catho­ needs prevalent during those eras. nizations have to offer the young English and their publication as a single lic Church hierarchy who preferred the Today, their organizational mission professional? Personal growth? Psycho­ volume. He also proposed to extend the status quo. > statements are either forgotten or logical fulfillment? Broadened hori­ work chronologically until 1866. His The development of the literary irrelevant. zons? Joy? Excitement? untimely death in 1979 at the young age language was fought on many fronts Some of our organizations are trans­ If we expect our youth to join our of 45 prevented this extension and with the Church hierarchy pushing for plants, established and relevant in organizations because it is their "obliga­ robbed Ukrainian studies of a truly Church-Slavonic and the priests urging Polish-occupied Galicia during the tion" or to demonstrate their "patrio­ outstanding scholar. the use of the peasant vernacular as the 1920s and 1930s, but not in North tism," then we Ye in deep trouble. That's basis for the literary language. The America in the 1980s. With the expansion of empires and not enough. People who join organiza­ alphabet to be used (Latin or Cyrillic) the partition of Poland in the late 1700s, It is because our Ukrainian establish­ tions do so to derive some benefit or to and the orthography were also hotly three regions of Ukraine found them­ ment leaders have little idea where they support some purpose. If organizations contested. It was the compilation of selves under the rule of the Austrian are headed that their emphasis is on provide no meaningful enhancement peasant folk songs and the influence of Empire at the beginning of the 19th trieans to an end rather than the end and have no clearly defined goal, how the writers from Russian-dominated century. The regions were Galicia, itself. We focus on constitutionality, can we expect intelligent young pro­ eastern Ukraine, such as Kotliarevsky, Bukovina, and Transcarpathian Rus\ it language purity, financial growth, new fessionals to become involved? Hulak-Artemovsky, Kvitka-Osnovia- is within this context that Dr. Kozik members, ritual, tradition. We rarely nenko, and Shevchenko which finally begins his story of the development of talk about purpose, results, assessment, None of this, of course, is new. I carried the day. realignment. ' wrote about it a generation ago in a modern Ukrainian national conscious­ The collection of native folk poetry in How many Ukrainian organizations series of articles titled "Where Is Our ness in Galicia. both Russian and Austrian Ukraine have a clearly defined corporate mission Youth?" which appeared in both The What follows is a story that flows so made the development of the modern statement and annual, time-phased, Ukrainian Weekly and Svoboda. smoothly the reader often forgets that it Ukrainian language and the literature measurable objectives aimed at fulfill­ To those who are still wondering is, after all, a history book. As with a of the 19th century possible. Dr. Kozik ing that mission? "where" our youth is, let me repeat what mystery, the reader is often tempted to points out that, "Without this know­ 1 wrote in 1964. The question is mean­ read faster to learn the outcome of a -How many Ukrainian organizations ledge of folk creativity, the poetry of ingless. We know where our youth is. particular episode. The characters, elect or select their leaders based on Taras Shevchenko and the splendid ability to get things done? How many More and more, they are not with us. I though numerous, add life to the story. believed three far more relevant ques­ melodious quality of his literary style members hold their leaders accoun­ Scholars need not fear that academic tions were: 1) What do we want of our would be unthinkable. The appearance table ? standards were compromised in the youth? 2) In view of our present en­ of Taras Shevchenko was the single How many Ukrainian organizations process of making the book interesting vironment in the United States (not as most important event in directing are led by mediocre establishment hacks to all readers. The text is rich with we think it is, or as we would like it to Ukrainian literature onto a national who hold their positions because no one details about events and players. The and revolutionary course." else wants the job or because they are be, but as it really is), what can we 368 pages of text contain over 1,200 A good part of the book focuses on the least offensive alternative? reasonably expect from our youth? 3) footnotes, many from primary sources. the turbulent years of 1848-1949 and the We ask many questions of our esta­ Once we have decided what we can The lay reader, however, can easily interaction of the Poles, Ukrainians, blishment leaders, but we never ask reasonably expect, what must we do to gloss over the footnotes and details Czechs, Slovaks and Austrians. Each why. fulfill our expectations? which the scholar will wish to study. group postured for advantages in the Why must our Ukrainian heritage In addressing the first two questions, The true beauty of the book, how­ chaos of the period. Many other Slavic schools only teach Ukrainian history I emphasized the need for realism over ever, is in the story which it tells. In the groups lent support to the Ukrainian through i922? What is more relevant romantic fantasy ("we need to deal with span of one generation, Ukrainian efforts for national identity. In the end, today, Ivan Mazepa or the Nazi inva­ what is," I wrote, "not with what we national consciousness, long dormant however, it was lack of Ukrainian unity sion of Ukraine? Why must our youth wish would be") and clarity over indeci­ under Polish, Hungarian and Austrian and political sophistication that pre­ be kept in the dark about this period of sion ("we need to have precise goals so rule, comes alive. In many ways, the vented the type of success that may have our history? that we don't continue to muddle through"). story is one of the rise of modern been possible. Why do our pedagogues refuse to Ukrainian language for it was through It was my response to the third The period has no lack of villains. teach Ukrainian immigration history in language and literature that conscious­ question that created the most contro­ Obviously, the Poles were the principle America? Isn't the purpose of a school ness was awakened. The battleground to prepare students for the society in versy. "We need to accept acculturation enemy for the Ukrainians. The Aus­ was also often the language. which the school finds itself? Shouldn't as inevitable," 1 wrote, "and use it to trians, however, also undercut many of our students be familiar with the sacri­ combat assimilation." I defined accul­ So as not to confuse the reader about the efforts of the Ukrainian movement. fices involved in creating and sustaining turation as a form of bicultural adapta­ the use of terminology, Dr. Kozik Of course, Ukrainians often proved to their present Ukrainian community? tion which seeks to blend the best of two makes clear, at the outset, whom he is be their own worst enemy. For example, Why must a young person be able to cultures in a way that enhances both. If writing about. On page 17 he notes: while Lviv University was Germanized, speak fluent Ukrainian in order to be our youth is forced to choose between "The Ukrainians, who were called and philosophy and theology courses were fully accepted in our community? their Ukrainian or their American heri­ referred to themselves at that time as presented in Ruthenian. Dr. Kozik Language is a means to an end. I know tages, most will opt for being American, Ruthenians (Ukrainian: Rusyny; Po­ writes: "Ultimately even this limited use many young Ukrainian Americans 1 argued. It was far wiser, I believed, not lish; Rusini; German: Ruthenen) com­ generated dissatisfaction among the whose Ukrainian is impeccable, but to force a choice but to try to accommo­ prised the largest national group in the Ukrainians, who felt they were being their contribution to our community is date both. I pointed to the Jews as the 12 eastern Galician districts." wronged by not being lectured to in zero. I also know other Ukrainian masters of accommodation and of The major groups in the drama German like the Poles." Ruthenian Americans whose knowledge of Ukrai­ survival. , o • * - include the Polish landowners (desiring thus, was, eliminated from the univer­ nian is poor or non-existent, and their Despite the fact that at the time I was the economic status quo but an inde­ sity. contribution is exemplary. reviled for being an "Americanizer," pendent Poland), the Polish reformers The book is more than an outstand­ Why must our religious services be "out of touch with the true Ukrainian (urging economic reform), the emerging ing work of history; it is almost litera­ only in Ukrainian? The major purpose spirit," and even a "traitor" to the Ukrainian intelligentsia, the Ukrainian ture and should be widely read within of a divine liturgy is to enhance indivi­ Ukrainian cause, I have not changed my peasant, and the Austrian rulers. the community. Efforts to publish and dual spirituality and to communicate mind during the past 22 years. On the Throughout the book, the tension translate other works of this with God, not to preserve the Ukrai­ contrary, I believe that the major reason among these groups provides for a lively must be encouraged if we are to under­ nian language. I prefer Ukrainian- so many of our young professionals are- story. Since the Poles were united in stand our own history. There is no lack language liturgies, but if English ser­ estranged from our community today is their view of Ukrainians as really Poles, of scholarship in Ukrainian history. vices will help bring back our youth, so precisely because our institutions have the Ukrainians usually sided with the Outstanding research is taking place in be it. not adapted, have not acculturated, Austrian monarchy which was only too the United States, Canada and Poland. "We must preserve our national have not re-examined their missions happy to play one group against the It seems that there is more a lack of biological and cultural substance," and made them more relevant. other. interest among our Ukrainian popula­ exhorted World Congress of Free Like living organisms, institutions The absence of a Ukrainian literary tion, much as was the case until almost ykrainians head Peter Savaryn in that can't or won't adapt, peris.h.^^^ language inhibited the development of the mid-19th century. 1986: A LOOK BACK

the limelight this year within the her release. She and Mr. Herash- Human rights in the USSR context of U.S.-Soviet relations. chenko arrived in London on De­ Anatoly Shcharansky, the 38- cember 18 and announced their In the human-rights arena, we tion marking the anniversary was year-old human-rights activist and intention to stay. witnessed some interesting deve­ also held in New York at the Ukrai­ Helsinki monitor, was released from Persecution of the leaders of the lopments in all areas of civil, reli­ nian Institute of America on Decem­ Chistopol prison on February 12 in Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate) Church gious and national dissent. General ber 16. an elaborately planned East-West reportedly continued. News of Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's new The Weekly joined other Ukrai­ prisoner swap. He joined his wife, Yosyp Terelia's incarceration in policy of encouraging "glasnost" or nian organizations in the West in Avital, in Jerusalem, and was joined Camp No. 36 — which has come to openness, seemed, at least for pro­ commemorating the UHG's 10th there by the rest of his family from be known as a "death camp" — near paganda purposes, to have spread birthday by devoting its November9 Moscow in August. Kuchino in the Perm region of Rus­ to the area concerning prisoners of issue to the group, its concerns as leader sia, reached The Weekly in January, conscience, mostly those well- revealed in its memoranda, as well and founder Yuri Orlov, 62, was six months after the leader of the known in the West. Western pres­ as its membership. released from internal exile in Yaku­ Initiative Group for the Defense of sure helped prompt the release this There were some encouraging tia and was forced to emigrate to the the Rights of Believers and the year of the better-known human- signs about the Helsinki movement. United States with his wife, Irina Church in Ukraine was given a 12- rights activists and leaders of the Samvydav recently obtained by the Valitova, in connection with the year sentence for "anti-Soviet agit­ Helsinki movement in the USSR, UHG's external representatives re­ Nicholas Daniloff affair. prop." while several previously unknown vealed a new member, Vasyl Kor- Nobel laureate and Helsinki moni­ We also obtained details in March fell subject to arrest and nylo, a 66-year-oid physician from tor Andrei Sakharov and his wife, from the trial of Ukrainian sculptor incarceration. the Lviv oblast, who had joined the Elena Bonner, a founding member, Petro Ruban, who was tried in Pry- Late 1986 ushered in a new de­ group before his arrest and impri­ arrived home in Moscow on Decem­ luky, Chernihiv region, in December cade in the still struggling Helsinki sonment in February 1980 for cir­ ber 23 after they received an official 1985 and was sentenced to nine movement in Ukraine. While mem­ culating Ukrainian nationalist litera­ pardon from General Secretary years' strict-regimen labor camp bers of the External Representation ture. The revelation indicated that Gorbachev on December 16 and and five years' exile. there may be more Helsinki moni­ of the were permitted to leave their place A new incident of religious perse­ tors unknown to the West.Mr. Kor- marked the group's 10th anniver­ of exile in the closed city of Gorky. cution was reported in July. Pavel sary on November 9, 17 of the nylo is serving a 10-year sentence in Ms. Bonner had been allowed to Protsenko, a young Orthodox group's now-known 40 members a special-regimen labor camp to be travel earlier this year to the West, church activist and librarian from continued to serve sentences in followed by five years in internal namely Italy and the United States, Kiev, was arrested on June 4 at the prisons, labor camps and internal exile. on a six-month visa for medical home of a nun, Sister Serafima. He exile. , Vitaliy Kalyny- Olha Heyko Matusevych, one of treatment for heart and eye ailments was tried and sentenced in Kiev on chenko, , Yaroslav the UHG's youngest members at after Dr. Sakharov went on a hunger November 18-19 to three years in a Lesiv, Lev Lukianenko, Myroslav age 33 and a philologist, was re- strike to demand the trip. labor camp for writing a manuscript According to Mr. Orlov, the re­ detailing the persecution of mem­ lease of the Nobel-prize-winning bers of the Russian Orthodox physicist and human-rights advo­ Church, which was found on his cate was probably due to Soviet person upon his arrest. embarrassment over the tragic death Ukrainian peace activist and a of another Moscow Helsinki Group founding member of the "unofficial" founding member, Anatoly Mar­ yet well-known Moscow Group for chenko, on December 8 in a Chisto­ Establishment of Trust Between the pol prison hospital. Mr. Marchenko, East and the West, also called the 48, had been on a hunger strike Moscow Trust Group, Alexandr demanding the release of all Soviet Shatravka, was released on June 23 prisoners of conscience, among from a Siberian labor camp where other things, since August 4 when he spent the last five years for "anti- he penned a letter to the delegates at Soviet activity" and was exiled to the the Vienna Helsinki review confe­ United States. Ivan Kandyba, Vitaliy Kalynychenko and Lev Lukianenko were cited by newly rence, vowing to maintain his fast Ukrainian dissident, writer and released Soviet dissident Yuri Orlov as three Ukrainian Helsinki monitors until the meeting's conclusion. author of a manuscript called "The whose plight was most terrible. There had been reports that Mr. Right to Live," Yuriy Badzio, began Marchenko was on the verge of Marynovych, Mykola Matusevych, leased from a Mordovian labor camp his five-year term of exile in Yakutia being released early from a 15-year Mart Nikius, Vasyl Ovsienko, Vikto- on March 12 after she completed her on May 18 after serving seven years sentence for anti-Soviet agitation ras Petkus, Oksana Popovych, My­ latest term of three years, which she of detention in Mordovian labor and propaganda. kola Rudenko, , served immediately following her camps. He was arrested in April , Vasyl Striltsiv and first term, also of three years. She Another well-known Soviet dissi­ 1979 for the book, a detailed analysis Yosyf Zisels continued their strug­ was granted permission to live in dent, , an activist in of the cultural, economic and politi­ gle. Kiev with her seriously ill mother for the Helsinki-related Working Com­ cal situation in Ukraine. mission to investigate the Abuse of Thanks to the efforts of Ameri­ one year. Kateryna Zarytska Soroka, a long­ Psychiatry for Political Purposes, cans for Human Rights in Ukraine News also reached the West that time member of the Organization of was reportedly rearrested in Chisto­ (AHRU), the UHG's 10th anniver­ another UHG member, VasylSichko, Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) who pol prison in October 1985, accord­ sary served as the occasion for the who was released from prison in the spent some 30 years in Polish and ing to reports we received in March U.S. Senate and House of Represen­ summer of 1985 was suffering from Soviet prisons and camps, died on of this year. Mr. Koryagin, who is tatives to pass companion resolu­ tuberculosis and was reportedly August 29 in western Ukraine after a serving a 12-year sentence, was tions in October calling on the being treated in a special sanato­ prolonged illness. The wife of nominated twice this year for the president and secretary of state to rium in western Ukraine. another veteran political prisoner Nobel Peace Prize. pressure the Soviets into releasing Perhaps the saddest news regard- and OUN activist Mykhailo Soroka, the Ukrainian and other Helsinki ing relatives of UHG members Two members of the renewed who had died in a labor camp in monitors from incarceration and reached the West early in the year, Georgian Helsinki Group, Tenghiz 1971, Ms. Zarytska headed the U- allowing those who desire to emi­ that is, news of the untimely death of Gudava and Emmanuel Tvaladze, krainian Red Cross in Lviv during grate to do so. AHRU also organized Olena Antoniv Krasivska on Feb­ were tried and sentenced in early World War II, providing aid to mem­ what turned out to be a very suc­ ruary 2 in the collision of a taxi cab, Ju ne for "anti-Soviet agit-prop." Both bers of the Ukrainian Insurgent cessful reception for the UHG's truck and streetcar in Lviv. The 48- Mr. Gudava, who received a 10-year Army (UPA). She died at age 72 and external reps as well as for members year-old physician was the wife of sentence, and Mr. Tvaladze, who was buried in Lviv's Lychakivsky of the House and Senate, and other UHG member and longtime political was sentenced to eight years' incar­ cemetery. prisoner Zinoviy Krasivsky, who had ceration, were members of the dignitaries on September 23 in Another veteran Ukrainian politi­ completed his latest term of impri­ Phantom musical group. Washington. cal prisoner and UPA member, Vasyl sonment only a few months before Iryna Ratushynska, the renowned On October 15, five members of Pidhorodetsky, was arrested and the Moscow and Ukrainian Helsinki her death. Soviet poet and human-rights advo­ cate from Kiev, was prematurely sentenced in late 1985 to one year of groups were reunited in Washington There were also reports in Octo­ released from prison in October on imprisonment, according to reports at a luncheon and press conference ber that the Soviets may allow 72- the eve of the Iceland summit and that reached The Weekly in March. at the Capitol. Yuri Orlov, Ludmilla year-old veteran Ukrainian political was permitted to travel for medical Mr. Pidhorodetsky has served some Alexeyeva, , prisoner and UHG member Danylo treatment to Great Britain, with her 34 years in camps and prisons for Nina Strokata and Nadia Svitlychna Shumuk to emigrate to Canada to Ukrainian husband, Ihor Herash- his involvement in the security ser­ urged legislators and the news join his nephew in British Columbia chenko. Ms. Ratushynska, who was vice of the Ukrainian Insurgent media to remember those Helsinki after his scheduled release in Ja­ serving the fourth year of a 12-year Army and OUN. monitors and other rights activists nuary 1987. sentence, was transferred from a still suffering in the USSR for their Three-year-old Estonian Kaisa The leaders of the officially de­ Mordovian labor camp for women to beliefs. Randpere was finally permitted in funct Moscow Helsinki Monitoring a KGB detention center in Kiev in November to join her defectorpa- An informative panelahd recef^ Group found themselves thrust into August; where she was held' t>ntil rents in^Sweden after two years of 1986: A LOOK BACK

Soviet refusals to grant her an exit char's controversial novel "Sobor" 135,000, including some from out­ response to this, as well as the visa. (Cathedra!), which deals with the side the 18-mile danger zone, in so- frustration felt by many who were destruction of Ukrainian culture, called "hot spots" of radiation. In unable to contact relatives in Kiev Finally, Mr. Gorbachev's "glas- was to be reissued in the Soviet other areas only children were and other parts of Ukraine, as well as nost" affected the field of literature Union in the Russian and Ukrainian moved out temporarily — 64,000 the lack of detailed information, and it was learned that Oles Hon- languages. from Byelorussia and 250,000 from Ukrainians angrily took to the streets Kiev, 70 miles south. Most of these in organized protest and demon­ children were sent to Pioneer sum­ strations in front of the United Chornobyl nuclear accident mer camps throughout the Soviet Nations and the Soviet Mission in Union, while some moved in with New York, in Chicago, Washington, What was by far the biggest news were uncertain that the measures relatives who lived far from the Ottawa, Philadelphia and other of 1986 was the tragic nuclear disas­ they were taking to bring the reactor accident area. All of the children cities. ter at the Chornobyl power station in under control would actually work. returned in September to start the Ukrainian groups held news con­ Ukraine in late April, which sent In the aftermath of Chornobyl, new school year, including some of ferences and prayer vigils to attract shock waves throughout the entire Moscow has sought to rebuild its the children of Prypiat who were news media to publicize the Soviet world. credibility by reporting more fully accepted into schools in Kiev. mishandling of the disaster and pray At 1 a.m. on April 25, the staff at on the disaster at a special confe­ The evacuees, who were kept in for the victims and their families. the Chornobyl nuclear power plant rence of the International Atomic temporary housing until some were Ukrainians in Washington held a started to reduce power on the No. 4 Energy Agency on the Chornobyl allowed to settle into new commu­ protest in front of the offices of U.S. reactor as part of a reportedly rou­ accident in Vienna in August, where nities built for them such as Zeleny News and World Report magazine tine maintenance procedure, which the Soviets submitted a 382-page Mys in the Kiev region, were re­ for its callously inaccurate May 12 later was revealed by Soviet authori­ detailed report on the causes, clean­ portedly compensated financially cover headline, "Nightmarfe in Rus­ ties to have been part of a series of up efforts, medical, environmental by the Soviets, who also opened up sia," which the journal later retract­ reportedly unauthorized experi­ and energy effects of the disaster. a special Chornobyl aid fund for do­ ed after meeting with local commu­ ments by plant personnel on the In this report, the Soviets laid the nations from Soviet citizens for the nity representatives. reactor's turbine-generators. blame for the accident essentially victims and evacuees. The Soviets have restarted re­ By all accounts, the mood at the on human error — safety violations Probably the most serious conse­ actors No. 1 and 2 after having sprawling complex was relaxed. by workers conducting an unautho­ quence is the effect on the health of entombed the damaged reactor No. Spring had already come to Ukraine, rized experiment — but later ad­ the population. Some Western phy­ 4 in concrete. The clean-up work at and the nearby town of Prypiat, mitted that part of blame was also sicians, including Dr. Gale, pre­ the plant has also aroused much where the plant workers lived in due to design flaws in the reactor, dicted that, based on the Soviet hostility, with reports of executions uniform rows of high-rise apartment which was essentially built for com­ report in Vienna.up to 40,000 excess of conscripts, mostly Estonians, blocks, was reportedly getting ready mercial use. deaths, that is outside the normal refusing to do the dangerous work. for the traditional May 1 holiday, But it was the human toll that death rate, would occur as a result of Several thousand Estonians were which this year coincided with the caused the most concern. The the accident. The Soviets them­ apparently singled out for con­ Orthodox Easter. Soviets have stuck to their official selves said they expected some scription for Chornobyl clean-up About 24 hours later, an explo­ report of 31 dead, with two reported­ 6,500 excess deaths over 70 years work and extention of their duty sion blew the roof off Chornobyl's ly dying in the explosion and the rest resulting from direct radiation expo­ from the usual two months to six No. 4 reactor, heaving a 1,000-ton passing away in a Moscow hospital sure, in addition to some 30,000 to months, which has caused discon­ concrete slab that covered the core after efforts to treat them for heavy 40,000 additional deaths from in­ tent to grow among the workers, as into the reactor well. In less than radiation exposure and burns. direct exposure to radioactive well as Estonians in general. *,thK$e

human contacts ended on May 27 bodies, all under the leadership and without agreement on a final docu­ guidance of the Human Rights Com­ Documentation of the famine ment as the United States, whose mission of the World Congress of Several important developments emperors and the early Church were delegation was headed by Ambas­ Free Ukrainians. having to do with the Ukrainian all centered there..." sador Michael Novak, stood alone in Before the conference had even Famine of 1932-33 occurred this "The Ukraine, anyway, was really its opposition to the "consensus begun, three of the UHG's external year. Perhaps the most important the cradle of Russia. I think there is statement." representatives, Gen. Petro Grigo- was the long-awaited publication of no question about that. And —- we The U.S. refused to approve the renko, Leonid Plyushch and Nadia 'The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet can't go over the whole history -—but document, saying it would weaken Svitlychna, issued an appeal to the Collectivization and the Terror- the first Christian part of Russia was rather than strengthen the pledges CSCE delegates calling for a Famine" written by Robert Con­ the Ukraine." made at Helsinki in 1975 by 35 states thorough review of Soviet human- quest, a senior research fellow at the "So when we talk about the from the East and West. rights abuses and demanding that Hoover Institution at Stanford Uni­ Ukraine and Russia, we are not The Bern meeting was the last in a Ukraine be included as a full and versity. This 412-page study has really talking about separate coun­ series of experts meetings man­ equal participant in the Helsinki won worldwide acclaim since its tries. We are talking about two parts dated by the most recent Helsinki process. They also demanded that publication October 7 by Oxford of a country or a civilization that Accords review conference held in Ukraine be represented as an inde­ University Press. Dr. Conquest has moved on different waves." Madrid in 1980-1983. pendent party in all international completed a carefully researched This statement prompted an an­ bodies concerned with disarma­ and finely written study, according In Bern, representatives of 35 gry response from many members ment and nuclear energy, and that to many distinguished scholars, states covered such topics as family of the Ukrainian community. After embassies and consulates of the who reviewed the book for various reunification, exchange of informa­ receiving numerous complaints, Mr. Helsinki Accords' signatories be newspapers and magazines. tion, travel for personal or profes­ Salisbury sent out a form letter to opened in Ukraine and foreign jour­ sional reasons, and postal and tele­ Dr. Conquest, who is also the those individuals who wrote him, nalists be accredited to Ukraine. phone communications. author of several other books having which stated, in part: "Some of you to do with the Stalinist era, including seem to think I confuse Russia and During the Bern conference, the It was these very demands that the the renowned "The Great Terror," the Ukraine. Rest assured, I under­ United States raised many specific Ukrainian representatives in Vienna traveled nationwide on a publicity stand and deeply respect the diffe­ cases of family reunification and sought to publicize through a series tour throughout the month of Octo­ rence. As many of you well known I emigration. Among the cases of of news conferences, meetings with ber. He was interviewed by some of have traveled the length and breadth persons wishing to emigrate were delegates, demonstrations and the nation's most prominent news­ of the Ukraine. A wonderful land. those of two.Ukrainians: Yuriy other activities during the first two papers as well. Kiev is one of my favorite cities in the Shukhevych, a human-rights activist weeks of the CSCE. The Ukrainian The book, sponsored by the Har­ whole world. and Helsinki monitor who has been delegation held a news conference vard Ukrainian Research Institute "Some of you seem to object to imprisoned for over 33 years and to commemorate the 10th anniver­ and the Ukrainian National Associa­ my description of Kiev, as 'the who has relatives in ; and sary of the Ukrainian and Lithuanian tion, has gone into its second print­ mother city of all the .' Aleksander Maksymov, who re­ Helsinki Groups on November 10 in ing, which will bring total copies in Were I of Ukrainian origin I would nounced his Soviet citizenship and the Vienna Marriott Hotel, which print to 12,000. During his New York proudly acclaim Kiev's role in Slavic subsequently served two terms of served as the group's headquarters. appearance, the author stated the civilization, culture, religion, the imprisonment for his emigration The press conference, which was main impetus for writing a book on arts. If Kiev is not first — then who efforts. held together with the Lithuanian the famine was "to educate myself." is?" During a May 13 discussion on World Community and the Lithua­ mail and postal interference, the nian Information Center, was des­ Dr. Conquest's book was also There is still no indication from U.S. delegation brought up the issue cribed as "a historic reunion of cited as one of the 200 most note- any of the networks that they are of contacts in the aftermath of the founders and exiled members of the able books of 1986 by The New York interested in airing "Harvest of Chornobyl nuclear power plant Helsinki monitoring groups." It was Book Review. Despair," which was produced for accident in Ukraine. presided over by Rep. Steny Hoyer In other events related to the the Ukrainian Famine Research The Vienna follow-up conference (D-Md.), co-chairman of the Con­ famine, the award-winning docu­ Committee of Canada by Slavko convened officially on November 4 gressional delegation to the CSCE mentary "Harvest of Despair" was Nowytski and Yurij Luhovy in 1983. in the Hofburg. The U.S. delegation and included speeches by Ginte finally shown on American televi­ The film has won several awards in is headed by Ambassador Warren Damusis, director of the Lithuanian sion. Aired September 24 on a spe­ the United States and Canada in the Zimmermann, and includes two Information Center, who spoke of cial edition of William F. Buckley's past two years, and garnered an Ukrainians as members: Helsinki the fate of the Lithuanian Helsinki "Firing Line," which appears weekly Academy Award nomination. Commission staffer Orest Deycha- Group, Yuri Orlov, Ms. Svitlychna, on PBS, the showing of the film Yet another important first oc­ kiwsky and Julian Kulas, a public Mr. Plyushch, andTomas Venclova, proved to be controversial because curred in regard to the famine. An member. one of the founders of the Lithuanian PBS authorities made the decision educators' institute which focused The U.S. continued to underscore Helsinki Group. Ambassador Sam to air it only if its showing was on the famine was held on Novem­ the plight of Ukrainian political Wise, deputy head of the U.S. coupled with a panel discussion on ber 8. One hundred and eighty-six prisoners in its statements concern­ delegation, also spoke on the plight its accuracy. Thus, three guests teachers, 154 of them non-Ukrai­ ing human-rights provisions during of all the Helsinki monitors in the were invited to participate in the nians, attended the one-day semi­ plenary sessions. Ambassador Zim­ Soviet Union. Ambassador Wise discussion: Dr. , nar held in Chicago. Twenty-six mermann mentioned the deaths of stated during the press conference Harrison Salisbury, longtime cor­ participants took the seminar for four Ukrainian dissidents in camps that Ambassador Zimmermann, respondent of The New York Times graduate credit through Northern in 1985, including three Helsinki head of the U.S. delegation, had and "renowned Sovietologist," and Illinois University. monitors: Oleksiy Tykhy, Vasyl mentioned the 10th anniversary of Christopher Hitchens, Washington The seminar, which was organiz­ Stus, and Valeriy Mar­ the UHG in his remarks during the columnist for the London Spectator ed by Dr. Myron B. Kuropas, vice- chenko, in his November 14 state­ opening plenary session earlier that and also for The Nation magazine. president of the Ukrainian National ment on national minorities in the day, and had called it the most On balance, the broadcast of the Association, was officially called USSR He added that three other severely persecuted of all the Hel­ film plus the discussion preceding "The Ukrainian Forced Famine: An Ukrainian dissidents, Mykola Hor- sinki Groups in the USSR. Also and following the film did much to bai, Ivan Kandyba and Mykhailo present were Sens. Claiborne Pell, enlighten the general public about Horyn, were very ill and were ser­ Dennis Deconcini and Paul Sar- the famine. At the end of its show­ ving lengthy sentences for their banes. ing, Mr. Buckley, who saw the film political activity. He also stated that for the first time, told the audience: he knew of some 400 religious acti­ Perhaps the biggest news to come "Well, that's about as harrowing an vists who were imprisoned in the out of the conference so far has hour this side of Dachau that I can Soviet Union, including Ukrainian been the Soviet -delegation's pro­ imagine" and the three guests stated Uniates. posal to hold a conference on that the film was accurate. Ukrainian organizations from Eu­ human rights in Moscow. U.S. Am­ Mr. Salisbury managed to further rope, Canada and the United States bassador Zimmermann told mem­ alienate himself from the Ukrainian sent representatives to Vienna to bers of the Ukrainian delegation in community this year when, during lobby for human and national rights Vienna that the U.S. was interested the dicussion, he went into a lengthy and participate in both the official in such a conference under certain discourse about the history of part of the conference as well as the conditions, including the right for Ukraine in response to a question parallel and simultaneous "Helsinki non-governmental organizations posed by Mr. Buckley about the Mirror," series of unofficial seminars and Western press organizations to relationship between Ukraine and and press conferences sponsored participate without restrictions. Russia in 1932. As Dr. Conquest by Resistance International. As it stands, the delegates in started replying, Mr. Salisbury inter­ The Ukrainians in Vienna included Vienna were in the midst of the first jected and began equating Ukraine representatives of the Ukrainian review phase, that is the review of with Russia. Helsinki Monitoring Group's Exter­ implementation, when they broke He stated: "The Ukraine, of course, nal Representation, grass-roots up for the holidays on December 19. is really the cradle of Russian civili­ human-rights groups, youth organi­ What will come of this review confe­ zation and the Church. Kiev was the zations, news services, political rence for Ukrainians remains to be place where Russia as an entity first The long-awaited book by Robert groups and national representative seen. came into being, and the early Conquest, "The Harvest of Sorrow." 1986: A LOOK BACK

Institute for Educators." It was animous vote in the House the Soviet Union on November 9 with others would halt the letter-writing designed to provide teachers and previous day. Mr. Medvid on board. campaign. He challenged Rep. administrators with information to Gov. Dukakis then welcomed the The most important was the crea­ Eckert to come to Silets and he teach about the famine that killed Ukrainians and apologized. "Both tion of an investigative body, under would show him his birth certificate some 7 million people in Ukraine. Kitty and I want to apologize for any the aegis of the Helsinki Commis­ and other pertinent documents to The seminar attracted teachers misunderstanding that may have sion, to look into the government's prove his identity. The congress­ mostly from northern Illinois, as well taken place," he said. While the handling of the Medvid case and its man accepted the invitation, but has as teachers of Ukrainian origin from Ukrainian famine was not honored application of asylum procedures not yet been able to make the trip. as far away as Los Angeles, Miami, as part of the ceremony, a proclama­ generally. Also discussed in some This year, an investigation was Toronto and Rochester, N.Y. tion was read which declared May 11 length in the press was the theory of also launched to find out what The U.S. government's Commis­ Ukrainian Famine Commemoration two Medvids: it has been alleged really happened after Mr. Medvid sion on the Ukraine Famine had a Day in the state of Massachusetts. that the Medvid who said he wanted jumped ship. Sen. Gordon J. Hum­ busy year, gathering testimony In other news The New York State to return to the Soviet Union was phrey (R-N.H.) pushed hard for a throughout the country from survi­ Education department issued, as really an imposter and the real separate panel to investigate the vors iOf tft© famine. D$. J&m$& >6. part of its Human Rights Series, a Medvid returned to the USSR incident in the beginning months of Mace of Harvard University's Ukrai­ 166-page book titled "Case Studies: against his will. the year but was blocked in doing nian Research Institute was named Persecution/Genocide:" One hun­ so by Sens. Alan J. Simpson (R- staff director on January 29. Then, dred forty-two pages are devoted to To dispel such rumors, TASS Wyo.) and Robert Dole (R-Kansas) the week of March 10, six Ukrainian the Ukrainian famine. The guide reported on January 22 that Mr. on the grounds that the Immigration public members of the commission outlines the history of the famine Medvid was alive and well, and living and Refugee Policy Subcommittee, were also named, thus completing and human-rights violations in U- with his family in Silets, Ukraine, a chaired by Sen. Simpson, was look­ the composition of the U.S. govern­ kraine. town just outside Lviv. The reports ing into the matter. But, Sen.,Hum­ stated that the seaman was planning ment-funded body. The six are: This year also saw the vandaliza- phrey would not give up, and after to register for school and repeated Bohdan Fedorak, 52, of Warren, tion of the famine monument in intensive negotiating, the Medvid the story which was dispatched Mich.; Myron B. Kuropas, 53, of Edmonton, which was twice de­ investigation was turned over to the from the Soviet Union soon after he DeKalb, III.; Daniel Marchishin, 51, faced by vandals, first with the Helsinki Commission on March 13 returned there that he had fallen of Bound Brook, N.J.; Ulana Mazur- words "Lies" and then "Nazi Lies" and $200,000 was allocated for it overboard while working on the kevich,41, of Elkins Park, Pa.; Anas- sprayed on it. The Ukrainian Cana­ from the Senate Contingency Fund, Soviet freighter. tasia Volker of Royal Oak, Mich.; dian Committee and the Jewish There was deliberation, however, on and Qleb VVeres, 35, of San Fran­ Federation of Edmonton issued a Furthermore, the February 11 whether it was legal to take the cisco, GaliL Ms. Volker replaced joint statement after the second issue of Molod Ukrainy ran an al­ money from this fund. After seven Lubow A. Margolena, 83, of Wash­ incident, which occurred on April 6, leged interview with Mr. Medvid in weeks of discussions the Senate ington, who declined the appoint­ in which they condemned the act as which he reiterated that he had decided to release the funds, and ment "an outrageous act of political van­ fallen overboard into the Mississippi the investigation into the matter The commission's members have dalism" that brings back memories and blamed Ukrainian emigres and finally started. Two investigators met several times this year, includ­ of an era when Jewish synagogues "former OUN members," "reaction­ have been hired and they must ing regional meetings in Chicago, and cemeteries were defaced. aries," who continue to fight for his present their findings in May 1987. Detroit and Glen Spey, N.Y. release from "Bolshevik imprison­ Additionally, a famine monument On October 24, 1986, The New A major flap occurred this year in ment." Accompanying the article was dedicated this year at the Los York City Tribune ran a full-page relation to the famine which pitted was a large photograph of the sailor Angeles County Government Cen­ advertisement, with the signatures the Boston Ukrainian community and his family. Experts later ascer­ ter on May 16. A greeting from of 144 individuals and organizations against the Massachusetts gover­ tained the photo was a forgery President Ronald Reagan was read commemorating the anniversary of nor's wife, Kitty Dukakis, and even­ which was touched up by airbrush- there by actor Jack Palance. Mr. Medvid's failed attempt for free­ tually resulted in an apology from ing. The article added to further dom. Gov. Michael S. Dukakis and the And finally this year, the question uncertainty as to Mr. Medvid's And finally this year attorneys inauguration of a famine conome- was posed to New York Times pub­ whereabouts. Andrew Fylypovych, Orest Jejna rrroraftioft <$ay, > - , lisher Arthur Ochs Sulzberger if the Rep. Fred J. Eckert (R-N.Y.) be­ and Julian E. Kulas filed suit on The episode started in July 1985 newspaper would return the Pulitzer gan a letter-writing campaign to Mr. behalf of the Ukrainian American when Gloria y'Edynak, then infor­ prize awarded in the 1930s to its Medvid, and for the past year, at Bar Association in which they al­ mation officer of the Ukrainian Moscow correspondent, William least one member of the Congress leged that legal representatives for Studies Fund at Harvard, wrote to Duranty, in the light of evidence that has penned a letter to the young Mr. Medvid were denied due pro­ tbe-hd§ts of & plannfed state cere­ he covered up the famine in his seaman each month. On April 3, cess by not being allowed to meet mony .— which commemorated the reporting while privately telling TASS reported that Mr. Medvid with and represent the sailor at the victims of the Holocaust, the Arme­ British intelligence he believed over wished that the congressman and time of his defection. nian massacre and the Cambodian 10 million people had died in the genocide — Mrs. Dukakis and man-made famine. In a letter sent to speaker of the House of Representa­ Times shareholder and radio talk The Millennium and the Church tives George Keverian. She asked show host Les Kinsolving, who During 1986 it seemed all atten­ A senior official said the pope was that the Ukrainian famine be com­ originally raised the question, Mr. tion was already being focused on wary of overtures from Moscow memorated alongside the other Sulzberger replied that despite the the upcoming Millennium of the because he did not want to be used major genocides of the 20th century. allegations, "what we report has to Christianization of Kievan Rus\ And by the Soviet authorities in a "pro­ stand, for better or worse, as our Mrs. y'Edynak received a reply there was controversy also as va­ paganda move." Metropolitan Ste­ best contemporary effort." from the governor's wife which rious parties debated who had the phen Sulyk commented that he "What then, do I think of Mr. stated that it was "necessary to limit right to celebrate this historic act of doubts the Soviets will permit the Duranty's reporting from the Soviet participation" and thus the Ukrai­ Prince and St. Volodymyr the Great pontiff to visit Ukraine. nian famine would not be marked. Union?... Perhaps he was too trust­ in 988. While most in the Ukrainian Meanwhile, the National Commit­ Letters from other individuals yield­ ing of Soviet sources he should community seemed to agree that the tee to Commemorate the Millen­ never have trusted. Perhaps his ed the same response. Angered that Millennium could rightly be cele­ nium of Christianity in Ukraine private political views impermissibly the 1932-33 famine would not be brated by all Ukrainian Christians, issued an appeal in January to the clouded his judgment or distorted commemorated at the ceremonies, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church Ukrainian American community, his dispatches. The Times itself ran the Ukrainian community decided it began proclaiming the anniversary requesting its cooperation in orga­ reports contradicting his at the would attend the ceremony on May as the Millennium of Ukrainian nizing Millennium observances and time..." 9 in protest. The press began to pick Orthodoxy. There was concern also asking that local committees be set up on the story, and blasted the "That contemporary Pulitzer that the Moscow Patriarchate and, up to work with the national body governor's decision to bypass the- jurors thought him worthy of a prize yes, even the Soviet government headed by Dr. Yuriy Starosolsky. Ukrainian famine in the ceremonies. for the things he did write from would each use the Millennium for The honorary presodium of the The pressure paid off. On May 9, Moscow is a judgement I am neither their own political purposes despite Millennium Committee includes Speaker of the Houie Keverian equipped nor entitled tp second- the fact •that both the Ukrainian Archbishop-Metropolitan Sulyk of welcomed the 30 Ukrainians who guess at this date. In any event, it is Catholic and Ukrainian Orthodox the Ukrainian Catholic Church, attended the ceremony and read a not a prize The Times can take Churches are not allowed to exist in Archbishop-Metropolitan Mstyslav % resolution about the Ukrainian fa­ back."' the USSR. of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church mine that had been passed by un- The saga continues, > ? * >t -t That is why Ukrainians breathed a and the Rev. Vladimir Borowsky of collective sigh of relief when in late the Ukrainian Evangelical Alliance. The Medvid follow-up November Pope John Paul II flatly Among the committee's plans are Several important developments political asylum. As he was being ruled out visiting the Soviet Union an exhibit of Ukrainian religious occurred in relation to the Medvid returned to his ship by U.S. authori­ unless General Secretary Mikhail icons at the Smithsonian arid a case this year. ties he again jumped into the river. Gorbachev first invited him to visit concert at the Kennedy Center in Myroslav Medvid is the Ukrainian Later, he was interrogated by U.S. C&tholic communities in Ukraine Washington, and Support for a reso- sailor who jumped from his Soviet authorities who determined he did and Lithuania. The pope was ex­ lution introduced by Rep. Jack pected to visit the USSR in 1988, Kemp calling for the erection of a freighter, the Marshal Konievf into not wish to stay in the United States the Mississippi River on October 24, and was again returned to his ship. reciprocating for Mr. Gorbachev's monument to St. Volodymyr the 1985, hear New Orleans in search of The ^/tefshai Koniev set sail for the visit to the Vatican in January 1987. Great in the nation's capital. 1986: A LOOK BACK

Local committees were indeed "synod" that united the Ukrainian lator do not appear on the Molod probably be argued before the Su­ established throughout the country, Catholic Church with the Russian Ukrainy version. preme Court in the spring of next as were local committees working Orthodox Church. A symposium So, which "authentic original" year. toward the realization of the mam­ held on May 15 in Washington by the was forwarded by the Soviets to The Supreme Court declined, moth Harvard Project on the Millen­ St. Sophia Religious Association of Israel? however, to hear the case of another nium. The Harvard Project has four Ukrainian Catholics focused on this In other developments in the East European suspected of Nazi main objectives: organizing an in­ tragic 40th anniversary. Demjanjuk case, in July family complicity. On December 1 the ternational conference on Ukrainian The liquidation of the Church was members and in October Bishop court voted not to hear the case of Christianity; endowing a chair in the noted also in a U.S. State Depart­ Antony of the Ukrainian Orthodox Estonian Karl Linnas (the vote was 6 history of Ukrainian religious ment paper on "Soviet Repression Church traveled to Israel to meet to 3, one vote short of what is thought at Harvard University; pub­ of the Ukrainian Catholic Church" with Mr. Demjanjuk. A fact-finding needed to grant review). Two days lishing an encyclopedia of Ukrai­ that was presented on September 28 visit to Israel was also undertaken in later, Justice Thurgood Marshall nian Christianity; and publishing a in conjunction with the 25th anni­ July by a delegation from Ameri­ granted a 25-day stay of deportation corpus of works documenting the versary celebrations of the Ukrai­ cans for Human Rights in Ukraine, a in order to allow Mr. Linnas' attor­ growth and development of Kievan nian Catholic Eparchy of Chicago. group that had been active in raising ney, former U.S. Attorney General Rus' Christianity and its influence The paper detailed religious perse­ funds for the Demjanjuk defense. Ramsey Clark to file a petition for a on the spiritual, cultural and politi­ cution in Ukraine and the under­ Upon his return to the United rehearing before the Supreme cal life of the Ukrainian nation. ground activity of the Ukrainian States, Bishop Antony began a Court. Mr. Linnas is accused of Throughout the U.S. and Canada, Catholic Church which continues to whirlwind tour of Ukrainian Ortho­ concealing his background as com­ various groups began observances exist despite Soviet repression. dox parishes in an effort to inform mandant of a Nazi death camp in Tartu, Estonia. A lower court had of the Millennium with religious Archbishop-Metropolitan Suiyk the public about the status of the ordered him deported to the USSR services, conferences and other made an impassioned plea for "our Demjanjuk case and raise funds for where in 1962, in absentia, he was events. Among them were the follow­ silenced brothers and sisters in the his defense. His partner on the tour ing: a conference on the Millennium found guilty and sentenced to death. Underground Church in Ukraine" to was Edward Nishnic, son-in-law of was organized in June by the Ukrai­ The verdict of the Soviet trial was Cardinal D. Simon Lourdusamy, the Mr. Demjanjuk and president/admi­ nian Academy of Arts and Sciences announced in the press even before new prefect of the Congregation for nistrator of the family-controlled as part of the Learned Societies the proceedings had begun. the oriental Churches in the Vatican John Demjanjuk Defense Fund. conference at the University of when the cardinal visited the Ukrai­ Bishop Antony will be the Ukrainian Back in the USSR, Feodor Fedo- Manitoba; a Millennium shrine was nian Catholic Archeparchy of Phila­ Orthodox Church's official observer renko, the first person to be extra- dedicated in Ottawa as the cross delphia in September. Metropolitan was hoisted to the top of St. John's Sulyk also addressed the issue of Ukrainian Catholic Church on Sep­ the Millennium and asked that a tember 14; the Ukraine Millennium Ukrainian Catholic bishop be named Foundation based in Toronto com­ to the See of Peremyshl, now in pleted the first half of the recording Poland, to serve Ukrainian Catho­ of 35 sacred choral concertos by lics in that country. Dmytro Bortniansky. In August, Metropolitan Mstyslav In other Church news, Bishop Neil officiated at solemnities in Philadel­ Savaryn of the Edmonton Ukrainian phia inaugurating the Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy died on January 8 Orthodox Church's celebration of at the age of 81. Bishop Demetrius the Millennium, while Bishop Inno­ Greschuk, apostolic administrator cent Lotocky of the Ukrainian Ca­ of the eparchy was nominated the tholic Church led over 1,000 Detroit- new Edmonton eparchy by Pope area Ukrainians in a Rite for the John Paul II on April 28. Renewal of Baptismal Grace in the And, finally, another shrine was Ukrainian Church in preparation for dedicated this year. St. Andrew's the Millennium. Ukrainian Orthodox Church in Silver In other news relating to Church Spring, Md., was dedicated to the affairs, the Ukrainian Catholic victims of the Chornobyl nuclear Church observed the anniversary of accident when Bishop Antony bless­ the 1946 liquidation of the Church in ed the church's cornerstone on Two versions of the "authentic" Trawniki ID card purportedly issued to John Ukraine by means of an illegal December 14. Demjanjuk. at the Demjanjuk trial once it re­ dited from the United States to the sumes in January. Soviet Union as a suspected war The hunt for Nazis A Jewish businessman from the criminal, was found guilty on June The biggest news of 1986 as con­ niki ID card purportedly issued by Cleveland area, Martin Lax, in No­ 19 of treason and mass murder by a cerns what we have conveniently the Nazis to Mr. Demjanjuk at the vember established the Adequate court in Simferopil, Crimea, in the labelled "the Nazi hunt" was no Trawniki training camp for guards. Representation Fund, whose goal is Ukrainian SSR. He was sentenced to doubt the extradition to Israel of The authenticity of this card had to raise funds for the Demjanjuk death, but the execution date was John Demjanjuk, a former Cleve­ been challenged in the United defense. Mr. Lax reasoned that Mr. not announced. land autoworker accused of being States, however, when it was used Demjanjuk is entitled to a fair trial The defamation campaign against "Ivan the Terrible," a brutal guard at against Mr. Demjanjuk by the Office and adequate legal representation, Ukrainians and other East Europeans and he said he hopes to receive the Treblinka dsath camp. of Special Investigations. In addi­ continued as Mr. Ryan continued to $600,000 in donations from Jews Mr. Demjanjuk was extradited tion, many in the United States and insist that the U.S. is harboring across the United States. from the United States on February Israel have questioned the propriety 10,000 war criminals — and he said 27. He was finally charged seven of using evidence provided by the In the United States, the Office of this is a conservative estimate. Special Investigations continued its months later, on September 29, with Soviets who are known for their One of the targets of attack was crimes against the Jewish people, disinformation apparatus. hunt for Nazis. Among the most important developments in various Mykola Lebed, a prominent leader primes against humanity, war Mr Demjanjuk and his attorney cases were the following. of the Organization of Ukrainian crimes and murder. The indictment continue to maintain that the 66- Nationalists, who was branded a was 17 pages long in Hebrew (26 year-old Ukrainian is a victim of The Supreme Court on November Nazi collaborator by The Village pages in English translation). Mr. mistaken identity. This claim has 10 agreed to hear the case of Juozas Voice in February. His longtime Demjanjuk faces the death penalty if been bolstered by reports from Kungys, a Lithuanian emigre who associate, Roman Kupchinsky of found guilty; his is the second war various sources that the real "Ivan" misrepresented the date and place Prolog Research, called the Voice's crimes trial to be held in Israel. was killed by Treblinka inmates. In of his birth when entering this coun­ article replete with "total distor­ The trial began on November 26, addition, a reproduction of the ID try and when applying for citizen­ tions" and "deliberate manipulation not January 19 as first scheduled, card allegedly issued to Mr, Dem­ ship. At issue is whether such misre­ of facts." A statement by the Ukrai­ when it became evident that under janjuk that appeared along with an presentations are material and are nian Supreme Liberation Council's Israeli law a trial must begin no later article titled "The Vampire Lived in reason enough to strip the defen­ External Representation protested than 60 days after a defendant is Cleveland" in the April 30 issue of dant of his citizenship. The Kungys this defamation of the Ukrainian charged. Thus the trial officially Molod Ukrainy, a newspaper pub­ defense was supported in its appeal liberation movement arid one of its opened and after less than an hour lished in Ukraine, was different from to the highest court by an amicus leaders. ; ^ )••• was recessed until January 19. the ID card seen earlier in the U.S. curiae brief initiated by the Ukrainian Though the defamation of East National Association's Heritage On December 17 it was learned and reproduced in "Quiet Neigh­ Europeans as Nazi collaborators Defense Committee and signed by that the Soviets had agreed to co­ bors," the book by former OSI direc­ continued, awareness of their con­ several other Ukrainian and East operate with the Israelis in the tor Allan A. Ryan Jr. Among the cerns was on the upswing. European organizations. prosecution of Mr. Demjanjuk. discrepancies: the photographs of In April, the Los Angeles Times Through the personal intervention the person alleged to be Ivan Dem­ The OSI alleges that Mr. Kungys published a two-part series on the of American industrialist Armand janjuk and their positions on the ID participated in the extermination of questionable use of Soviet^supplied Hammer, the USSR released to cards differ. Also some of the hand­ more than 2,000 Jews in Lithuania evidence by the Office of Special Israeli authorities the original Traw- written notations by a Soviet trans­ during World War II. The case will investigations in its prosecution of 1986: A LOOK BACK

denaturalization and deportation 50 cases to the federal government of mutual respect. Also in August, the ABA at its cases. The series by Robert Gillette for further investigation. It provides for annual visits by annual meeting in New York re­ was the first in a major newspaper to The Globe and Mail report five-person delegations, and joint jected a resolution by Attorneys focus on the concerns of East Euro­ prompted Jewish leaders to applaud symposia, electronic information Jejna and Huntwork, and their Task pean Americans as regards the OSI the work of the Deschenes Commis­ exchanges and a variety of other Force on ABA-Soviet Relations, that issue. sion. cooperative ventures to be decided would have abrogated ABA-ASL On July 13 The Washington Post "We are, of course, well pleased on in the future. formal ties. Supporters of the pact, reported that the OSI was now with Justice Deschenes' recom­ Opposition to the agreement on while agreeing there were disagree­ becoming sensitive to charges that mendations and findings and con­ the basis of Soviet human-rights ments with the policies of the ASL, it was using fraudulent Soviet evi­ gratulate him for a job well done," violations started this year and is argued that it provides an opportu­ dence in its work, and on August 29, said a December 12 statement by being led by attorneys Patience T. nity for dialogue. Post correspondent Jay Matthews the Toronto office of the Simon Huntwork and Orest A. Jejna, both In September 12-13 at the first wrote that Karl Linnas should be Wiesenthal Center. of Phoenix, Ariz. Both attorneys ABA-ASL joint seminar, held at Dart- tried for war crimes in the U.S. Eastern European community have stated that the ASL is not a bar mouth College, a flap occurred instead of being shipped off to the leaders, however, said most of the association but an elite group of between the dissident ABA group Soviet Union where he faces the options listed are unacceptable, individuals chosen by the USSR's and Soviet lawyers. The Task Force death sentence handed down in particularly the proposal to set up an Central Committee for the role of charged that human rights did not 1962. OSI-type body on Canadian soil. disinforming public opinion in the receive sufficient treatment at the On September 28, The Washing­ Several Eastern European leaders U.S. concerning the Soviet legal meeting. When the question of hu­ ton Post printed an article by Patrick said privately that the reported system. man rights was raised, the Soviet Buchanan, White House communi­ recommendations handed down by In light of this, a major topic of lawyers simply denied there were cations director, which argued that Judge Deschenes appear to have discussion within the ABA this year any human-rights problems in their John Demjanjuk is a victim of mis­ come from submissions submitted was whether the ABA should honor country and instead tried to shift the taken identity and that the infamous by Jewish groups during the com­ its agreement with the ASL. focus to alleged flaws in the Ameri­ mission's public hearings. Trawniki ID card was in fact a for­ I n an effort to dismantle the agree­ can justice system. gery crafted by the Soviets. In interviews with Jewish and ment the Huntwork-Jejna team as­ A list of questions submitted by Other news media, too, began to Eastern European leaders, however, certained in August that the ASL is Myron Boluch, a lawyer acting on see things in a different light. there was unanimous agreement openly anii-Semitic. The accusation behalf of the Task Force, the Ukrai­ that Judge Deschenes' recommen­ In Canada, Prime Minister Brian was termed "irrelevant" to the agree­ nian American Coordinating Coun­ dation to amend the Criminal Code Mulroney decided in early 1985 to ment by the ABA and was not seen as cil and the Ukrainian Congress would most likely arouse the least establish a royal commission to grounds to abrogate the agreement. Committee of America, was never controversy. investigate the possible presence of The answer came in response to addressed at the seminar. The ques­ war criminals in Canada, he re­ The government is expected to questions posed by Ms. Huntwork tions focused on the cases of Ukrai- portedly did so against the advice of release the public section of the which stemmed from a June state­ nian dissidents Lev Lukianenko, senior advisers in his own office and report — which includes descrip­ ment that said ABA officials were Yuriy Shukhevych and the late Vasyl tions of some 800 cases investigated the Justice Department. aware of the ASL's anti-Semitic Stus, the famine of 1932-33 and the by the commission — early in the Almost two years later, Quebec stance. Chornobyl nuclear disaster. New Year. Superior Court Justice Jules Des- chenes, the head of the one man But few people expect the govern- commission, has submitted his two- ment to respond quickly to the Ukrainian community in U.S. report — despite the Wiesenthal part report to the government, which The year began on a hopeful note cluded its work. All the articles of has until the end of the first half of Center's plea that the government must move quickly because it does with the first annual meeting of the new by-laws for a new central or­ January to decide what to do with Ukrainian American Coordinating ganization were approved by all the explosive document. "not have unlimited time to bring World War II war criminals to jus­ Council's National Council, the three parties — except for the article Throughout his 22-month investi­ tice." body that sets policy for the um­ concerning the name of the new gation, Judge Deschenes has sh­ brella organization. Delegates to the body. The ad hoc committee asked rouded the work of the commission In Australia, the government set up a Deschenes-type probe to de­ February 1 meeting approved a plan that the UACC and UCCA resolve in a tight blanket of secrecy. No one, of action and a budget for the UACC this matter with the cooperation of not even the minister of justice, was termine what course of action to take on the war criminals issue. The and elected Dr. Bohdan Shebun- the neutral organizations. to have had knowledge of the chak. to chair the National Council's The UACC's position on this pro­ judge's key recommendations be­ investigation was launched on June 5, and Andrew Menzies, a re­ presidium. The plan of action posal was that it agreed to the by­ fore the report was handed over to reflected the myriad concerns that laws and to the proposed name for the government. tired bureaucrat from the attorney general's office, was named its had been raised at the UACC's first the new organization, Ukrainian On December 12, however, The head. national convention held in October American Congress, and that it was of 1985. Globe and Mail Canada's national The Executive Council of Austra­ ready to take the next step, that is, to newspaper, carried a front-page lian Jewry had requested the inquiry During the course of the year, the prepare for an extraordinary con­ report by Michael Bociurkiw that after it obtained information on UACC and the other umbrella body gress of Ukrainian Americans to outlined the judge's findings. Quot­ some 150 suspected war criminals of Ukrainian Americans recognized take place in mid-1987. ing unidentified government sour­ in the country, including Baits, by the World Congress of Free The UCCA, meanwhile, stated ces, the report said the government Ukrainians and Germans. The Si­ Ukrainians, that is, the Ukrainian that it did not agree to the proposal would be advised of the following mon Wiesenthal Center gave the Congress Committee of America, to draft new by-laws for a new legal options to deal with the pre­ Australian government the names worked as separate entities. central organization, but merely to a sence of war criminals in Canada: and addresses of 40 suspected war Meanwhile, negotiations conti­ revision of the existing UCCA by­ • creating a permanent war cri­ criminals in Australia — all of them nued between representatives of the laws. Nor did the UCCA approve of minals investigative unit similar to Latvians and Lithuanians — it was two bodies on the re-establishment the proposal to change the name of the U.S. Office of Special Investiga­ reported in October. of one central organization for the central body of Ukrainian Ame­ Ukrainian Americans. In October, tions; Then, on December 5, the Men­ ricans to the Ukrainian American the ad hoc committee established to • amending the Criminal Code to zies probe recommended the esta­ Congress because this would mean work toward this goal — among allow war criminals to be tried in blishment of an OSI-type unit in that the UCCA was being liquidated whose members were representa­ Canada according to Canadian Australia to seek out Nazi war cri­ — a proposal that was simply un­ tives of both the UACC and UCCA, rules of evidence; minals. Whether such a unit should acceptable. In addition, the UCCA as well as the neutral organizations • negotiating extradition treaties be established and how it should said it opposed convening an extra­ that belong to neither umbrella with Israel and the Soviet Union so operate are left to a decision of the ordinary congress; instead, a UCCA organization — issued its report. It that war criminals can be deported government that is expected in congress should be held which stated that following 10 meetings to those countries for trial. early 1987. could then consider changing the and 112 hours of office work con­ name of the central organization of The judge was also said to have In other developments, the Wie­ ducted during the course of 18 Ukrainian Americans. recommended judicial action senthal Center also provided lists of months, the committee had con­ against more than 12 Canadian Nazi suspects to Sweden (12 One step forward, two steps back? residents. It was also reported that names), Canada, (26), Britain (17), the commission will refer more than Venezuela (3) and Brazil (1). Ukrainian community in Canada Ukrainian Canadian leaders evi­ That's a responsibility which has U.S.-Soviet lawyers pact dently decided in October that it's left other UCC presidents scratch­ finally time to give their umbrella ing their heads. Canadian-born This year saw a major contro­ ABA's executive director, the organization a new look. Ukrainians make up 90 percent of versy erupt within the ranks of the 300,000-member internationally The election of Dmytro Cipywnyk, the community in the prairie pro­ American Bar Association (ABA) known organization was formally 59, to president of the Ukrainian vinces, and all attempts to make the because of that organization's ties linked to the Soviets by a coopera­ Canadian Committee, brings to UCC responsive to their needs have with the Association of Soviet Law­ tive agreement of indefinite dura­ helm of that organization a man who yielded little. yers (ASL). tion. The agreement, which re­ is said to have what it takes to attract The more than 500 delegates that The flap started in May 1985 portedly was proposed and drafted the growing number of Ukrainians came to Winnipeg for the 15th UCC when, under a document signed by by the Soviets, contains expressions that were born in Canada. congress took part in a parley that 1986: A LOOK BACK

will probably go down in history as charged with the arduous task of one of the most quiet and orderly finding ways to increase the involve­ Ukrainian National Association Ukrainian community gatherings: ment of Ukrainians born in Canada. During 1986, the Ukrainian Na­ convention delegates in June, when there was little dissention between The report —- which was expected tional Association turned 92 and they adopted a resolution stating rival groups; student and youth to stir a considerable amount of held its 31st Regular~Convention on that the time was not ripe for merger, groups kept a safe distance from the controversy but sailed through with May 26 through 30 in Dearborn, a but that talks should be renewed on controversial policies presented at just a tad of huffing and puffing from suburb of Detroit. UNA assets sur­ this matter when the need arises. other congresses by their predeces­ emigre community leaders — was passed $55 million. sors; and the usually critical Ukrai­ touted by its architects as a docu­ Back at the home office in Jersey At the convention, John Flis was City, the Supreme Executive Com­ nian Canadian right-wing organiza­ ment that spells out policies which re-elected supreme president over tions even found room in their publi­ the Ukrainian community needs to mittee on July 1 named Henry Floyd former supreme president Joseph the association's first national sales cations for up-beat reports of the guarantee its survival into the next Lesawyer. The only newcomers to congress. decade. , ; director. Last time we checked, Mr. the Supreme Assembly were Leonid Floyd was busy hiring and training a The newly elected UCC president According to the report, the com­ Fil and Alex Chudolij, who were professional sales force for Batko is expected to have few problems munity requires such government elected supreme advisors. Two as­ Soyuz. adapting to his national respon­ initiatives as: dramatic increases in sembly members, Supreme Advisor Also during 1986, the UNA on sibilities. A former president of the funding for bilingual education Anna Haras, who ran for supreme June 15, Father's Day, dedicated a Saskatchewan Branch of the UCC, programs and cultural endeavors; a vice-presidentess, and supreme new senior citizens residence at Dr. Cipywnyk leaves an organi­ major restructuring of the federal auditor Dr. Bohdan Hnatiuk, who Soyuzivka. The 10-room building is zation which maintains an annual multiculturalism program; and pro­ ran for re-election to that position, seen as the first phase of seniors budget of upwards of $700,000, and vincial legislation that will entrench lost bids for office. Stefan Hawrysz, housing at and near the upstate New uses state-of-the-art computers to existing bilingual education pro­ whose position as supreme orga­ York resort.. prepare funding proposals to go­ grams in western Canada. nizer was eliminated as an elective Another highlight of year was the vernment agencies. It didn't take long fonthe report to office, was voted in as a supreme Op Sail party at the UNA headquar­ At year's end, the newly elected make waves in western Canada. auditor. ters overlooking the Hudson River. president had already met with Wilson Parasiuk, a Ukrainian in the The convention was addressed by UNA'ers from far and near — 400 of senior government officials on Par­ Manitoba cabinet, promised the Deputy Secretary of Defense Wil­ them — marvelled at the bird's eye liament Hill, and he is looking for­ group he would "popularize" the liam Howard Taft IV, and a message view of the parade of ships marking ward to cutting the ribbon soon on a report's findings among his Cabinet from President Ronald Reagan was Lady Liberty's centennial that they new Ukrainian community lobbying colleagues. read at the convention banquet. saw from atop the UN^buHrJjnrj., office in Ottawa. Other western provinces are ex­ Especially noteworthy was the Dr. Cipywnyk's plans include pected to take a serious look at the convention's approval of an amend­ I^hif A^as^the year that the ($ik ridding the organization of its obso­ report, which was described by one ment to the UNA By-Laws that gives sponsored the U.S. tour of a Ukrai­ lete Winnipeg office, and streamlin­ pundit as a blueprint for currying the UNA Supreme Assembly autho­ nian men's chorus from Poland, ing UCC operations with new com­ favor among Ukrainians on the rity to establish a UNA board of Zhuravli; published a book about puters and communications equip­ prairies. directors for Canada which will the massacre of 10,000 Ukrainians ment. But the report is not expected to conduct UNA activities in that coun­ at Vinnytsia by the NKVD (Soviet Other than choosing a new presi­ attract many supporters on Parlia­ try under the jurisdiction of the secret police) in both the Ukrainian dent and executive, the UCC dele­ ment Hill, where a Conservative Supreme Executive Committee. The and English languages by the late gates quietly endorsed the findings government is desperately struggl­ amendment also provided for an Svoboda editor-in-chief emeritus of a major study conducted by the ing to find ways to reduce a huge office and a separate budget for the Anthony Dragan (see "Deaths in the Ukrainian Community Development federal deficit before the next elec- UNA's Canadian operations, ; ;€orr^ury^;;^ Committee-- a UCC subcommittee Sen. Paul Yuzyk, the UNA'S su­ provided the funding for a teachers' preme director for Canada, died on seminar on the Great Famine of July 9 following a brief battle with 1932-33 organized by Supreme Ukrainians in politics cancer (see "Deaths in the commu­ Vice-President Myron B. Kuropas (see "Documentation of the fa­ Ukrainians became involved in (Ray) Hnatyshyn became a justice nity"). At an extraordinary session mine"); and initiated an amicus politics this year in a way that they minister after a major pre-election of the Supreme Assembly convened curiae brief supporting theSupreme just haven't in the past. The change Cabinet shuffle by Canadian Prime on October 4, that body elected Court appeal of a Lithuanian emigre was most evident in the United Minister Brian Mulroney on June 30. Supreme Auditor John Hewryk as whose case will have direct impact States. For the first time in several The mid-term overhaul was a result the new Canadian director. His on thousands of East Europe^ns years, a Ukrainian made a bid for the of an opinion poll which showed the position on the Auditing Commit­ who emigrated to this country after House of Representatives. Mike Mulroney government was trailing tee, in turn, was filled by Leonid Fil, a World War II (see "the hunt for Kostiw, a newcomer on the Florida by three percentage points behind, newly elected supreme advisor. Nazis"). political scene, decided to run for the Liberals. Myron Spolsky, a young Winnipeg- the 16th Congressional District near Ukrainians were also very active ger, was elected to fill the resultant As usual, the UNA remembered its Miami. Although he lost in the pri­ in the Prairie Provinces this year as vacancy among the supreme ad­ student members, allocating a new maries, he did win the support of the well. visors. record amount of scholarship aid for Miami Herald, one of the most pre­ In Saskatchewan's general elec­ The long-talked-about merger of 1986-87 — $110,000 — to 217 stu­ stigious newspapers in the United tion on October 20, Roy Romanow, the UNA and the Ukrainian Fraternal dents throughout the United States States; he has now also established 44, of the pro-labor New Democratic Association was nixed by the latter's and Canada. himself as a serious contender for Party (NDP) regained the seat he 1988. had lost by 19 votes in 1982 to Jo- Soviet defectors in Afghanistan ©ra the state and local levels, Ann Zazelenchuk, 28, the candidate Most Canadians were startled that political newcomers Mark Muro- from the ruling Progressive Conser­ five appeared November 25 at a their government had risked da­ wany and Christine Zarycky, while vative (PC) party. Toronto news conference orga­ maging relations with the Soviet losing their bids for public office, Alberta Ukrainians suffered a nized by their sponsors, the Cana­ Union by secretly spiriting five Red also garnered name recognition, major upset on May 10. The most dian Ukrainian Immigrant Aid So­ Army defectors out of Afghanistan which will help them in future elec­ stunning upset was the defeat of ciety. in November. tions. Mr. Murowany, 30, ran in one one-time Progressive Conservative Earlier, the defectors met with To many, the extraordinary fo­ of the most important races for the Party leadership hopeful and Muni­ Soviet Embassy officials and told reign policy decision was remini­ state legislature in Delaware. Ms. cipal Affairs Minister Julian Koziak, them that they have no desire to scent of the role Canada played in Zarycky, 21, is possibly the youn­ who lost his Edmonton seat by more return to their homeland. surreptitiouslygetting a group of gest person in the Ukrainian com­ than 2,000 vote's to the NDP candi­ American diplomats out of Iran One of the five, Ihor Kovalchuk — munity to run for political office. A date. during the hostage crisis. a 25-year-old factory worker frdrri political science major at Wayne Bill Diachuk, a Ukrainian in Pre­ Kharkiv — was said to be of Ukrai­ State University, she sought the mier Don Getty's Cabinet missed The group defected to Afghan nian and Byelorussian origin. office of county commissioner in the being re-elected by a wide margin guerrilla forces in 1983, and for CUIAS has offered to pay his ex­ 1st District, near Detroit. due to a surprising breakthrough by more than three years, External his major opponent, NDP candidate Affairs officials refused to bend penses while he lives with a Ukrai­ In other news, a Ukrainian, Theo­ Ed Ewasiuk. immigration rules to allow them to nian family. dore Romankow, was sworn in on Another disappointment was the enter Canada. Canadian officials will not say January 1 as the mayor of Berkeley appointment of a non-Ukrainian to But after a series of embarrassing whether additional rescue efforts Heights, N.J. the Senate seat which was vacated reports on the defectors written by are planned. But Ludmiila Thorne, Ukrainian Canadians have been by the untimely death of Sen. Paul Globe and Mail reporter Victor Mr- director of Freedom House's Center much more involved in the political Yuzyk in July. Ukrainians had hoped larek, the government, in what it for Appeals for Freedom, a New mainstream. This year proved to be that Sen. Yuzyk's seat would be filled called a "humanitarian act," brought York-based human-rights organiza­ no different. Edmonton Mayor Lau­ by another Ukrainian, but this did five of the six soldiers to Canada. tion that helped publicize the defec­ rence Decore won a resounding not prove to be the case. MiraSpivak, The sixth was left behind because tors' plight, said additional rescue victory in October by a 2.3 to 1 52, of Winnipeg, an employee oithe he was too far inside Afghanistan. missions will be difficult because of majority...... Winnipeg Social Planning Council After a series of medical examina­ publicity surrounding the escape Also, earlier in the year, Ramon was appointed to that post tions and debriefing sessions, the r#t|Ke used by Gmmjm^ s ^ 1986: A LOOK BACK

association of Ukrainian American dean of students at Manor Junior Student life professionals, on October 18-19. College, was installed as the col­ The conference succeeded in at­ lege's new president in April. The first bit of student news in the Ukrainian student movement in tracting , na­ 1986 was that SUSK, the Ukrainian the U.S. • Brig. Gen. Nicholas S. H. Kraw- tional security adviser in the Carter Canadian Students' Union, had The 50 or so delegates at the ciw, executive to the supreme allied administration, to serve as the lun­ decided, at its three-day national SUSTA congress elected Andrew commander in Europe, was among cheon speaker. Among the topics winter conference, not to join the Futey, 20, a student at George Wash­ the 86 outstanding immigrants ho­ covered in the conference's ambi­ newly revitalized worldwide Central ington University, as president. nored with New York's Liberty tious program were: successful Union of Ukrainian Students Two months later, SUSTA mem­ Awards in July 1 ceremonies led by lobbying, the future of the Ukrainian (CeSUS), SUSK delegates who at­ bers came to Washington to learn Mayor Edward I. Koch. diaspora and media relations. tended an international student how to deal with the government • Concert pianist Daria Telizyn, conference in December of 1985 and the bureaucracy, as well as with • The centennial of the birth of 26, held four concerts to call atten­ had withheld their endorsement of a the news media, during a weekend world-renowned Cubist artist Alek- tion to the plight of victims of the document calling for CeSUS's re­ seminar on lobbying, campaigning sander Archipenko (1887-1964) was Chornobyl nuclear accident. The vival pending approval from the and media relations organized for commemorated at the National Gal­ concerts, with the first held on SUSK membership at large. the students, as well as other in­ lery of Art in Washington with an September 14, benefitted the Ame­ terested community activists, by the exhibition containing 42 of his sculp­ rican Cancer Society. Ms. Telizyn SUSK's winter conference, an Ukrainian National Information Ser­ tures, paintings and drawings. The said she was testing the waters for annual event held in western Ca­ vice. The conference was called majority of the works had never 1987 when she planned to do 365 nada, attracted more than 50 stu­ Washington Horizons II. been seen in the United States. The concerts in 365 days —- also as dents to Winnipeg on February 14- SUSK members gathered in their exhibit is co-organized with the Tel- benefits for the American Cancer 16. nation's capital in May to learn the Aviv Museum, which has the finest Society in the name of Chornobyl's Meanwhile, down under (from the techniques of successful lobbying collection of the Ukrainian-born unfortunate. Canadian perspective, that is) in the and then put them into practice by artist's early works. The exhibit, • Dr. Lev E. Dobriansky, U.S. United States, Ukrainian Student informing their federal legislators of which opened on November 16, will ambassador to the Bahamas and Outreach continued its activity. the Ukrainian community's con­ run through February 16, 1987, and former president of the Ukrainian Meeting on February 16 in New cerns about the Deschenes Com­ will then travel to Tel-Aviv. Congress Committee of America, Brunswick, N.J., student leaders was one of 83 American ethnics to mission of Inquiry on war criminals The following were among the voted to replace the three-member receive the Ellis Island Medal of in Canada. notable people of 1986. USO coordinating body with a Honor on October 27. TUSM, the Ukrainian Students • Mike Ditka, coach of the Chi­ council of student club presidents. • Globe and Mail reporter Victor Association of Mykola Michnowsky, cago Bears, in January became the The students also decided to partici­ Malarek received the 1985 Michener continued to be active in the United first Ukrainian to lead a football pate in the announced congress of Award for "meritorious and distin­ States this year as always with its team to a Superbowl victory. As a the then-defunct Federation of guished public service in journa­ own particular agenda of demon­ result, he also became the only Ukrainian Student Organizations of lism" on November 7 for a series of strations, human-rights campaigns Ukrainian ever to make an American America (SUSTA). stories on the problems of unseen and ideological seminars. Express commerical. (Chy znayete immigrants in Canada. Once SUSTA was re-established CeSUS representatives, meeting khto ya?) at a conference held April 11-13 in in Washington in August, discussed • Canadian recording artist Luba • Lisa Sawka, 16, a Winnipeg Chicago, Ukrainian Student Cut- by-laws changes and decided to Kowalchuk was named the best Ukrainian, was chosen Miss Teen reach quietly withered away, having convene the organization's next female vocalist of the year by the Canada in March. The student of provided an impetus to the revival of congress in March of 1967. Canadian Academy of Recording Garden City Collegiate hopes to Arts and Sciences on November 10. become a veterinarian. This was the second consecutive Notable events, people • Dr. took year that she had received the Juno over as director of the Edmonton- Some of the most notable events of casualties. However, the Holocaust award in this category. Her band, based Canadian Institute of Ukrai­ Luba, received Juno nominations in and persons of 1986 defy categori­ Awareness Institute decided to nian Studies on July 1. zation, hence, this section. scrap the proposal for a Holocaust the categories of best composer and best album graphics. Among the notable events of the monument rather than recall non- • Sister Mary Cecilia Jurasinski, year were the following. Jewish victims. Some Jewish Holo­ • At the weeklong International caust survivors felt it would be Deaths in the community PEN Congress held in New York in "indecent to place on one monu­ February, thesix-memberUkrainian ment, side by side, nations who have During 1986, Ukrainians learned • Yaroslav Stetzko, 74, head of delegation of the Ukrainian Writers' to assume some responsibility for of the passing of several prominent the Organization of Ukrainian Na­ Association Slovo raised the cases the crimes, and the victims," stated a community leaders and cultural tionalists (revolutionary faction) of their persecuted colleagues in memo from an institute leader. activists. Among them were the and prime minister of Ukraine during Ukraine. They handed out leaflets, • The Symon Petliura Ukrainian following. World War II — July 5. took part in discussions and spoke Library in Paris was vandalized • Yuriy Deba, 72, Ukrainian Ca­ • Paul Yuzyk, 73, Canadian sena­ person-to-person with renowned twice during 1986. The incidents nadian businessman who donated tor for 23 years, "Father of Multicul- literary figures from around the took place on March 29 and June4. $100,000 for the construction of a turalism," chairman of the Human world. Resolutions calling for the Vandals ransacked the library, stole monument in Jerusalem in memory Rights Commission of the World release of , Yuriy several historic artifacts, and des­ of victims of Communist and Nazi Congress of Free Ukrainians, the Badzio and other persecuted writers troyed pysanky, display cases and terror in Ukraine — January 2. Ukrainian National Association's in the Soviet Union were passed. cabinets. Also on June 4, the St. • Bishop Neil N. Savaryn OSBM, supreme director for Canada, histo­ Symon Ukrainian Autocephalous 81, of the Edmonton Eparchy of the rian — July 9. •Stamps issued last year by the Orthodox Church, which is located Ukrainian Catholic Church — Ja­ • Maria Levytsky, 68, actress and Solidarity underground made their in the same building as the library, nuary 8. director of Ukrainian theater in way to the West during 1986. The was desecrated and several reli­ • Anthony Dragan, 73, longtime Canada — August 7. three stamps asked for the indepen­ gious items were stolen. editor-in-chief of the Ukrainian- • John Oryniak, 70, national trea­ dence of Poland, Ukraine and Li­ • The unveiling and dedication of language daily newspaper Svoboda, surer of Americans for Human thuania. The Ukrainian stamp fea­ Brazil's monument to Ukrainian author, member of Organization of Rights in Ukraine — August 25. tured the legendary St. George on poet laureate Taras Shevchenko Ukrainian Nationalists — February • Augustine Stefan, 93, speaker horseback slaying a dragon and the took place in August at the Ukraina 2. of the Diet (parliament) of Carpatho- prayer: "St. George, our patron, we Plaza in Prudentopolis. The statue is • The Rev. John Barchuk, 82, Ukraine, and minister of education ask for an independent Ukraine." the creation of sculptor Leo Mol. Ukrainian Baptist pastor, preacher during that state's brief existence —- • Recalling their success in 1983 • In Connecticut, a connecting and writer, executive officer of the September 4. in having a park dedicated highway off Route 72 was named for Ukrainian Evangelical Baptist Con­ • Anthony J. Kutcber, 66, former to victims of the Babyn Yar mas­ Taras Shevchenko. Taras Shev­ vention of Churches in the United national commander of Ukrainian sacre recall not only the Jewish, but chenko Expressway runs between States — March 13. American Veterans — October 2. the Ukrainian victims of this Nazi New Britain and Newington. More • Stefan Rosocha, 78, editor of act, Denver's Ukrainians tried this than 600 persons including Gov. Vilne Slovo, a Ukrainian-language • Vitaliy Sazonov, artist who emi­ year to have a monument to Holo­ William O'Neill and various state weekly newspaper published in grated from Ukraine in 1981, was caust victims cite the non-Jewish and local officials attended the Toronto and cabinet minister in the found dead in his apartment in victims as well. The Ukrainians were opening ceremonies on July 17. The short-lived Carpatho-Ukrainian go­ Munich sometime in mid-October. A joined in this effort by other ethnic day was especially rewarding to vernment — April 20. farewell note was found next to the communities of the area and, thus, Michael Mowchan,who worked for • Ihor Olshaniwsky, 56, president body and police quickly ruled the the Colorado Ethnic Committee was two years to make the Shevchenko and founding member of Americans death a suicide. An autopsy reveal­ formed. The committee proposed highway a reality. for Human Rights in Ukraine, chair­ ed that the cause of death was most that the inscription on the monu­ • Most notable among the many man of the Committee for the De­ likely a heart attack. ment, to be located on the grounds of worthwhile conferences and semi­ fense of Valentyn Moroz — May 8. • Metropolitan Andrei Kuschak, the State Capitol, include the names nars held this year was the Washing­ • Natalia Kotowych, renowned 85, titular metropolitan of Eukarpia, of the nations who perished at the ton Leadership Conference spon­ pianist and president of the Ukrai­ primate of the Ukrainian Orthodox hands of the Nazis and the number sored by The Washington Group, an nian Music Institute — June 11. Church in America — November 17. SUSTAholds mid-year "conference Sincere wishes of *:/ >*i * by Olga Chodoba libraries. If each club would donate these boaks t o t h e i r libraries,- they JOYOUS CHRISTMAS and NEW" YEAR * JENK1NTOWN, Pa. — The Federa­ would be doing their duty as Ukrainian for all guests — their families and friends, tion of Ukrainian Student Organizations American students by further educating of America (SUSTA) held its mid-year the public. RIPTIDE PATIO conference here at the Ukrainian Cul­ On January 12, Ukrainian Political ARTS. - MOTEL tural Center on Saturday, November 22, Prisoners' Day (Den Solida.rnosty)-, 2300 North Surf, Hollywood, Fl. 33019 • (305) 921-7667 with the participation of members of SUSTA members all across America XpncTOC PonuBcn — CnaBire MoroL SUSTA's executive board and the are encouraged to take an active part in Ukrainian student club presidents. the day's events. MANAGEMENT The 25 students were first greeted by During the weekend of March 21-22, their executive board members who 1987, CeSUS will be putting its forces read off their reports and any achive- together in Cleveland at St. Josaphat's. ments that may have been conquered Through SUSTA's membership in the since the last meeting. Central Union of Ukrainian Students Diplomat American (CeSUS), students in the United States Board of Family Practice Leda Hewka, the East Coast vice- are offered the opportunity to commu­ president, reported that she has formu­ nicate with Ukrainian students through­ lated a standard application form for out the free world. CeSUS is the inter­ SUSTA that should be obtained by all national network of Ukrainian stu­ PETER A. RIVES, M.D. interested clubs and organizations who dents. FAMILY MEDICINE intend to join SUSTA. At this point, individual club reports SUSTA is set up as a central organiza­ were given by all universities/colleges tion of students of Ukrainian heritage in and organizations represented: New 78 Am boy Avenue the United States. Its basis purpose is to Metuchen, N J 08840 (201) 548-4365 York University, Columbia University, represent in organized form Ukrainian- Hunter and Queens colleges of the City American students academically as well University of New York, LaSalle Uni­ as socially. versity, Drexel University, University A major topic discussed was annual of Michigan, University of Pennsyl­ dues. Through yearly dues paid by vania, Rutgers University, TUSM-New student clubs all students enrolled York, and TUSM-Philadelphia. CHRISTMAS GIFTS FROM would be official members of SUSTA After a break for lunch, SUSTA's THE UKRAINIAN MUSEUM and would also have a yearly subscrip­ guest speaker of the day was Eugene tion to Prism, SUSTA's newsletter Iwanciw, SUSTA president in 1973- which can be a major force of commu­ 1975. He stressed the importance of The museum gift shop carries art boQks, catalogues, greeting cards, ceramics, wood- nication, for organizational as well as motivation, communication and of the carvings, embroideries, Christmas tree ornaments, toys. informational purposes. Roma Kohu- newsletter. He shared many of his and tiak, the editor of Prism, said she could experiences and offered solutions and woodcuts, etchings, and paintings by the late Jacques HNIZD0VSKY, Bohdan B0RZEMSKY, not overstate the importance of the suggestions. Siava GERULAK, Liuboslav HUTSALIUK. Olha MARYSCHUK KANDEL, Myron LEVYTSKY, Andrij newsletter to members of SUSTA. The major event that SUSTA is MADAY, Arcadia 0LENSKA PETRYSHYN, Wolodimira WASICZK0, and a reproduction of a Materials for Prism may be sent them to planning for this year will be a banquet sculpture by ALEXANDER ARCHIPENK0. - , Ms. Kohutiak, Tunbridge Road, Ha­ and dance honoring past SUSTA presi­ The Ukrainian Museum ve rford, Pa. 19041. dents. This gala event will be held on Opened from 1 pm — 5 pm 203 Second Avenue The annual dues decided on were as May 23, 1987. This weekend will also be New York, New York 10003 follows: if your club has less than 10 the time of SUSTA's congress. (Closed Mondays & Tuesdays) members, dues are $2 per member; 10- Besides the various planning and 20 members, $25 per club; 21-30 mem­ brainstorming that was going on bers, $35 per club; and 31 and up, $50 between the students on November per club. Clubs should send member­ 22nd, we also had the honor of learning ship dues, with a complete list of more about the "Harvard Project in members and addresses, as well as the Commemoration of the Ukrainian application form to Andrew J. Futey, Millennium in Rus' Ukraine." Dr. 2902 Porter St. N.W. — No. 46, Wash­ Stepan Woroch gave a very informative Nestor L. Olesnycky ington, D.C. 20008. lecture and outline of the project's goals Mr. Futey, president of SUSTA, then which are: 1) an international scholarly spoke of the importance of SUSTA's conference 2) the endowment of a involvement in the commemorations of permanent chair in the history of Attorney at Law the Millennium and its important role religious thought in Ukraine at Har­ as part of the National Committee vard University 3) the publication of an is pleased to announce that organized to celebrate the Millen­ encyclopedic reference work in three nium. SUSTA is encouraging all stu­ volumes and 4) the publication of a dent organizations to get involved corpus of old Ukrainian literary works locally as well, to promote Christia­ to about 1800. Dr. Woroch's lecture was nity via school newspapers and all other followed up on by Orysia Hanushev- Andrew V. Zielyk, Esquire possible channels. sky's slide presentation. With the 35th anniversary of SUSTA In conclusion, all participating approaching, another main project SUSTA members went out to dinner at discussed was the idea of putting out a the Austrian Village restaurant and has become associated with the firm, book on the history of SUSTA to then had a pub night back at the Ukrai­ which as of January 1, 1987 shall be known as coincide with r,he celebration of nian Cultural Center where all had a Christianity in Ukraine. chance to gather, party and have a great Also discussed was the idea of donat­ time after a very productive day in ing Dr. David Marples' book, "Cher­ Jenkintown. nobyl and Nuclear Power in the USSR," The SUSTA mid-year conference Fish; Field, Greenspoon and Robert Conquest's book "The was organized by Misses Hewka and Harvest of Sorrow," to all university Kohutiak. & Olesnycky;

Just in time for Christmas Counsellors at Law, THE PERFECT GIFT with offices at

GOLD TRIDENT i 2040 Millburn Avenue, Maplewood, N.J. 07040 JEWELRY | (201) 763-2001 from | New York offices are located at EMBLEMS OF THE WORLD I 205 Lexington Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016 P.O. Box 2224 Ventnor. N.J. 08406 (212) 684-7330 Send for free brochure Toll free 1-800-872-3600 r an ~ agmg niifeFear* plafif but to 'make •government anci Che Ukramiaa^eo

(Continued from page 3) disaster. • . j •• > r president of The Washington Group, Mr. Goble acknowledged that the "Up to this point the Ukrainian said it was not the purpose of the panel again after Chornobyi, and the projects relationship between the Soviet govern­ were killed:- " 1 - va*<,.- community in the free world has not to exaggerate the situation at Chor­ ment and Ukrainians abroad is different been able successfully to, send any nobyl. "We hope.that things aren't as • Uzbeks used the same post-Chor- than with Armenians. "But, on the nobyi period to argue against moving humanitarian aid to the affected vic­ bad as they could be," she said, "but we other hand, to the extent that attention tims/' Dr. Fontana said. "However, we do feel that we need more objective and from traditional agricultural methods is kept up, one can perhaps help some of to "ones imposed from the outside." A have tried to sensitize the press, our credible information." the Ukrainians in the Soviet Union to legislators and various governments decision was made in August to allow a The symposium was part of two days achieve at least part of .what the Ar­ and the. Soviet Union to our concern measure of local option in certain kinds of activities in the U.S. capital or­ menians did." over the citizens of Ukraine and the of agricultural methods. ganized by The Washington Group for responsibility of the Soviet Union as a • In Armenia, local pressure as well Dr. Fontana, whose quick response : Dr. Marples in conjunction with the nuclear pow<*r " n."-. V\ •:.-*A' as pressure from the Armenian diaspora group was formed after the Medvid publication of his book. The visit also resulted in a decision not only to scrap incident, summarized what the U.S. Noting the concern about the Soviet included meetings with U.S. officials at Union's restarting of the- Chornobyl the White House and State Depart­ reactors too soon. Dr. Fontana suggest­ ment, a discussion with scholars at the Join the UNA ed that Ukrainians form a special group Kennan Institute of the Woodrow to monitor the Chornobyi situation. Wilson International Center for Scho­ Insure and he sure "We have no choice but to rise to the lars, a luncheon with editors of the occasion of the challenge of Chornobyl. journal Problems of Communism; a We must exhibit courage, concern and press briefing at the National Press WANTED WANTED resolve, for the after-effects of Chor­ Club, an appearance on the U.S. Infor­ UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION nobyl will not go away. Our children mation Agency's " Worldnet" live televi­ and our children's children will be left to sion broadcast to Europe, and an SB6kS deal with this legacy, and it's our duty to interview with the Voice of America. set an example," she stated. The program was organized by Marta DIRECTOR of FRATERNAL ACTIVITIES Ukrainians have a moral responsibi­ Pereyma, TWG special projects direc­ College graduate willing to learn about fraternalism. Must enjoy working lity to remind the world, she said, "lest tor. with people. Knowledge of Ukrainian and English required. Willing to travel and work weekends occasionally. Send resume to: Best Gift for JOHN 0. FLIS, Supreme President {Jkrairifsn National Association St. Nicholas Day and Christmas! 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. §7202 j: (20i y#1-2200 UKRAINE: N OTIC i TO UNA A CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA

:4 : I Secretaries and Organizers - 'A 'WK :V'- Volume I and If ,;A/. The 1986 Membership Campaign ends December 31, 1986 t^mretqm wd^yvHf «tcept applications of new The First Volume: General Information, Physical members only to December 31, 1986. Geography and Natural History, Population, Ethno­ graphy, Ukrainian Language, History of Ukraine, We urge you to make every effort to fulfill your quota Ukrainian Culture, and Ukrainian Literature. and mail in your applications early enough to reach the Home Office by December 31, 1986. • :A . Price: $75.00 • . , UNA HOME OFFICE The Second Volume: Law, The Ukrainian Church, Scholarship, Education and Schools, Libraries, Ar­ chives, and Museums, Book Printing, Publishing and the Press, The Arts, Music and Choreography, MAKAR'S JEWELRY Theater and Cinema, National Economy, Health STORE & SHOP and Medical Services and Physical Culture, the Ar­ 996 Stuyvesant Ave., (Corner of Morris Ave), Union, N.J. 07083 med Forces, Ukrainians Abroad. ^ ^ ^ (201) 686-1931 Price: $85.00 On wide variety of beautiful chains imported from Italy (14 and 18 carat) watches. Also large selection of earrings and many other items at discount prices. You can obtain both volumes • Engagement rings starting at $395 and up, wedding bands 14 K & 1$ K. for only $140.00 • A large selection of jewelry made of 14 and 18 carat gold, silver and enamel, crafted to your specifications or in our own designs. ^ Including Postage. • Ukrainian tryzubs (tridents) in various styles and sizes. • Bulk orders are accepted frbrn shops as well as individuals & churches. ORDER NOW • Visa, Mastercard & American Express accepted

Open: Monday, Tues^y, Wednesday — ll*6 o'clock. Thursday ^.Friday —10-8:30 p.m. i Saturday — 10-5:00 p.m. * * Fill out the order blank below and mail it with your check or money order. tJSE THIS COUPON!

! "HURYN MEMORIALS" To: UKRAINIAN NATIONAL, ASSOCIATION. Inc. 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07302 I hereby forder Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia FOR THE FINEST IN CUSTOM^DEMW^ Q Volume'l h " S75.00;' in ALL CEMETERIES in the IvfETROPGLITAN AREA of Q Volume If SX5/00 *~ ' :/i New York including Holy Spirit'In Hamptonburgh, New • VoliHiics f*& IP SI 40.00 < .J -

Kushnir guided the large choir in nism alone can provide happiness and books and journals is not enough, ve.y, director. ; • / ^ . l; rendering Hayvoronsky's prayerful contentment from the cradle to the because we are a living people and it is composition, "Pomolimosia.,, The .grave. And then, quite importantly, the Christianity that gives us life. It would young and dynamic director, Prof. Paul chauvinism of the Soviet Communist be wise, therefore, to mark our Ukrai^ Onachuk, then conducted Fedoriw's masters forcibly attempts to destroy all nian Christian Millennium by establish­ "Bohorodytse Divo." The choir sang semblance of Ukrainianism in the ing fellowships for Ukrainian religious, against a beautiful background pre­ churches" of the people or their ian- studies, scholarships for graduate and; undergraduate students, and solid financial foundations to support and maintain our seminaries." He appealed to everyone to evaluate the impact that Christianity is to make upon our lives in the next Ukrainian Christian Millen­ nium. ^ \ '. %

RECEPTIONIST/SECRETARY for medical office in suburban Essex County. 3 or more days per week. Must be a good typist and have a good command of orest s slupchynskyj 40 waterside plaza apt 23j English. Knowledge of Ukrainian helpful. new york n y 10010 Please call after 5 p.m. tel 212 889' 9488 (201) 374-3838

Looking For Children's Books? A catalog of children's books (ages 2-14) is now available. * * * Books offered are in Ukrainian, and a few in English. - * * Ihor Fedorowycz speaks during Millennium service in Detroit. Great selection! Newest offerings: 1. An illustrated dictionary in full color (Ukrainian) 2. Children's folk songs on cassettes For catalog, write to: N 0 1 I C E AlexSon Publishing, 685 Rockwood Dr., Akron, Ohio 44313 To UNA Members and Branches UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE and the

Members and Branches of the Ukrainian National As­ SUPREME EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE sociation are hereby notified that with the ending of its of the fiscal year the Home office of UNA must close its UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION accounts and deposit in banks all money received from call upon you to • * *>><< Branches. DONATE FUNDS for their work and actions: No Later Than Noon 1. To promote the Ukrainian Story of December 31, 1986 2. To counter inaccuracies about Ukrainians 3. To protect the civil rights of Ukrainians Please mail donations by check or money-order to: Money received later cannot be credited to 1986. UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE FUND Therefore we appeal to all members of the UNA to pay c/o Ukrainian National Association their duesthis month as soon as possible and all Branches 30 Montgomery Street Jersey City, NJ. 07302 to remit their accounts and money in time to be received and include the following form, completed with the amount of donation, your name by the Home Office no later than noon of WEDNESDAY and address. DECEMBER 31, 1986. Amount of donation Notice is hereby given that Branches which send their dues late will be shown as delinquent and in arrears on the Name annual report.

No. and Street UNA Home Office City State Zip, code Nations. Crimean Tatar... "Mustafa Dzhemilev began a hunger PREVIEW OF EVENTS (Continued from page 1) strike, determined to continue until he was dead or released," Mr. Orlov told The December 31 January 9 The Reuters news service reported on December 20 that friends of Mr. Dzhe­ Ukrainian Weekly. "If we don't succeed in achieving his release from the Soviet HARTFORD, Conn.: The Ukrai­ NEW BRITAIN, Conn.: The St. milev in Moscow were told in a phone authorities in time, he will die like nian Islational Home will hold its Mary's Chapter of the Ukrainian call earlier this week by Mr. Dzhemilev (Anatoly) Marchenko," said Mr. Orlov. annual Mew Year's Eve Dance. Orthodox League will sponsor a and his wife, Safinar, that he had been Dance to the tunes of Mria beginning "Malanka," New Year's dinner- released from detention. Officials had Mr. Dzhemilev spent half his life in at 9 p.m. For reservations, call Peter dance at the American Ukrainian indicated he could return to his home in Soviet prisons and labor camps for his Tytor at (203) 524-5702. Citizen's Club, 250 Oak St. The the city of Tashkent, capital of the activities on behalf of the Crimean buffet will be served at 8 p.m. follow­ Soviet Central Asian republic of Uzbe­ Tatars, who in 1944 were deported by TRENTON, N.J.: The Ukrainian ed by a dance from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. kistan. from their homeland on the National Home of Trenton is hold­ Tickets are $25 per couple and $5 for Mr. Dzhemilev was serving the last of Crimean peninsula and have never been ing its annual New Year's dance at St. students 18 and under. For more six sentences for his peaceful advocacy allowed to return. George's Orthodox Church Hall, information contact Daria Pishko, of the rights of Crimean Tatars. He was Since then the Soviet government has 839 Allentown Road, located in the (203) 721-0796, Myron Prestash, in a Soviet labor camp near Magadan, a attempted to deprive them of their Yardville section of Hamilton Town­ 229-1089 or Walter Kotyk 224-2935, city in northeast Siberia. He was sche­ right to preserve their culture, teach ship. The dance will begin at 9 p.m. duled to be released November 30, but their children their own language and Admission is $25 per person and January 17 was tried instead for "slandering the practice their religion. includes dinner. The Chary band will Soviet system" while serving his sen­ "[People in the West] did net manage be playing. For reservations and WEST PALM BEACH, Fla.: The tence. The same day Mr. Dzhemilev to get Mr. Marchenko released in time. more information, call Theodore Ukrainian American Club of the reportedly began a hunger strike for his As far as I know, Mr. Gorbachev had Sendzik, (609) 587-6107. Palm Beaches will hold a "Malanka," release, determined to continue until he already authorized Marchenko's re­ Ukrainian dinner-dance at St. Mary's was freed. lease, but it was too late," said Mr. Jsn»*»rv 1 Church Hall. Dinner is at 7 p.m. Soviet dissident Yuri Orlov, released Orlov, who was participating in a public Music will be by the McKay's of recently by the Soviets, demonstrated demonstration for the first time since SAN DIEGO, Cm.: The House of Miami. Dar^rion is $15. For infor­ for the release of Mr. Dzhemilev on his arrival in October in the United Ukraine is one?'again on its annual mation call (305) 585-1325, oi/-o>o;, December 18 in front of the United States. membership drive, Ukrainian Ame­ or 848-5903. Family members of Mr. Dzhemilev ricans interested in joining should — including his TO-year-old mother — contact Bill Loznycky, vice-presi­ TOMS RIVER, N.J.: Ukrainian Ratushynska... and prominent Soviet dissidents dent, at (619) 452-9759. American Club of Ocean County will (Continued from page 1) home and human-rights activists in the celebrate "Malanka" at the Old Union, she said that she etched verses United States reportedly joined the Time Tavern (Routes 37 and 166), on a bar of soap with a match stick. Tatar leader in his fast. beginning at 7 p.m.; buffet, 7:30 p.m. "When 1 finished, 1 would memorize it, Although Mr. Dzhemilev received a | EAST HANOVER, NJ.: The Orden Dance to music of Bob Konopada at wash my hands and send it down the suspended sentence of three years, "he ¥ Khrestonostsiv Plast Unit will spon- 8:30 p.m. Donation is $15 per person drain. will automatically serve this three-year U sor a winter dance at the Ramada to benefit the Zorianne Kotliar "Memorizing the poems was not the sentence, without a trial, if he is found f| Inn, Route 10. Music by Canada's- Memorial Scholarship Fund. For difficult thing. It was memorizing the to have committed a crime or offense, H Nove Pokolinnia band. Dance starts tickets call (201) 349-1673. index of poems, the list of things I wrote like the violation of Soviet passport H at 9 p.m. and when I wrote them." For an hour regulations," said Victor IMvidov, a SYRACUSE, N.Y.: The St. Luke's every day she worked on committing Soviet dissident and former political 1 January 6 Ukrainian Orthodox Church will the index to memory, she said. prisoner. 1 , ^ hold a Malanka dance, A hot buffet Reported Mr. Lee: "Tne series rf "!f he is found to have 'slandered the | HARtroMD, Conn.: The Ukrai- dinner will start at 6:30 p.m. Music poems — now collected into a three- Soviet system,' he will have to stand §| nian National Home will sponsor a by the Johnny O Band. Bullet is $10 part book — was relayed to her hus­ trial again and can receive another p traditional Ukrainian Christmas Eve per person, students $7. The price for bands with the help of others, wb# threevyear sentence, in addition to the j§ dinner at 7 p.m. For further infor­ the dance alone is $5. For reserva­ memorized them and got them out to three years that were suspended," Mr. mation contact Peter Tytor, (203) tions call (315) 468-1981, 672-5361, the West." Ms. Ratushynska refused to Pavidov told The Ukrainian Weekly. 524-5702. 468-2804 or 468-3472. say how the poems were smuggled abroad for fear of endangering col­ PREVIEW OF EVENTS, a weekly listing of Ukrainian community events leagues. Sakharov... open to the public, is a service provided free of charge by The Weekly to the Born in 1954 in Odessa, Ms. Ra­ (Continued from page 1) Ukrainian community. To have an event listed in this column, please send tushynska graduated from university physics helped give the Soviet Union the information (type of event, date, time, place, admission, sponsor, etc.), along with a degree in physics and did not hydrogen bomb, for which he won three with the phone number, including area code, of a person who may be reached start writing poetry until she was 25. titles of Hero of Socialist Labor, the during daytime hours for additional information to: PREVIEW OF She is considered to be one of the Soviet USSR's highest civilian honor. EVENTS* The Ukrainian Weekly, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. Union's finest poets of this century. General Secretary Mikhail S. Gorba­ 07302. Submissions must be typed and written in the English language. Items Her ancestry is Russian and Polish; chev personally telephoned the physi­ not in compliance with aforementioned guidelines will not be published. she speaks these two languages plus cist on December 16 to tell him that be Ukrainian. Her husband is a Ukrainian. could return to Moscow. This occurred the day after a phone had been installed in the couple's apartment in Gorky, according to several newspaper reports. There were no conditions on the release. St Nicholas Day and Christmas! In a telephone interview with The New York Times, Dr. Sakharov stated, "I am going to live as I lived before my ENCYCLOPEDIA of UKRAINE exile, and resume all of my activities." He said that the Soviet leader told Dr. Sakharov that he could go back to Edited by Volodjmyr Kubijovyc Moscow and to his work in theoretical physics. "He told me to return to work for the VOLUME I (A-F): First of Four Volumes public good — that is the formula he used," Dr. Sakharov recalled. In rela­ SI 15.00 + shipping & handling $4.5# tion to whether he had agreed not to take part in political activities, he said: First volume of a major work of Ukrainian scholarship in the diaspora "Gorbachev never made such demands on me, and I told him the exact oppo­ 968 pages containing apj roximatcly 2,800 entries site." Illustrated ihroughout . When asked how he felt, Dr. Sakha­ Over 450 illustrations in black and white; 5 color plates rov said his happiness was tempered by the news of the death of Anatoly T. 83 maps, 6 of them in color Marchenko, who died on December 8 in Large color fold-out map of Ukraine with 22-page gazetteer bound separately in same prison. The release of the physicist is one of the most dramatic signs that the binding as book. government is taking a new approach to human rights, according to the Times. O RI) I R NOW AM) SIM) A CHI ( K I OR Si 19 hi) In Aithough he was exiled to Gorky, SVOBODA BOOK STORE and subsequently castigated in the Ml Montgomery Street, Jersey ( ity, X.J. 07302 Soviet press and reviled by his collea­ gues, Dr. Sakharov was not expelled New Jersey residents add 6 - sales tax from the Academy of Sciences, of which he has long been a member.