The Ukrainian Weekly 1986, No.52
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www.ukrweekly.com ^f|f fpuMshed by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association^ Ukrainian Weekly Vol. LIV No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 28,1986 25 cents Ratushynska arrives in Britain Sakharov, Bonner return to Moscow JERSEY CITY, N.J. — Soviet such conditions that we would not want JERSEY CITY, N.J. —Dr. Andrei crimes. poetess Iryna Ratushynska arrived in to continue human-rights activities in Sakharov and his wife Elena Bonner News of Dr. Sakharo¥*s release came London on December 18 with her the future," she stated. "Frequently returned to Moscow Tuesday, Decem on Friday, Decerrtber 19, at a press husband, Ihor Herashchenko, and after measures applied to us were senseless ber 23, ending nearly seven years' conference. Vladimir F. Petrovsky, a a meeting with Prime Minister Mar- humiliations. As a rule, actual physical internal exile in the town of Gorky for deputy foreign mimster,announced that geret Thatcher on December 22 an blows were not used. They did not need the physicist and two for his wife, for the Soviet authorities had approved a nounced her plans to stay in the West. this. their advocacy of human rights. request by the physicist to return to Ms. Ratushynska, 32, arrived in the "They refined it down to extreme cold, Dr. Sakharov and Ms. Bonner were Moscow with his wife. Dr. Sakharov West with a three-month Soviet travel extreme filth, extreme hunger. Condi greeted by a swarm of Western re won the 1975 Peace Prize for his human visa to seek medical treatment. Reuters tions were geared to ensure that you porters and camermen as they stepped rights work; his brilliance in theoretical reported that she discussed primarily died when you left the camp. I went into off train No. 37 from Gorky, an in (Continued on page 16) Soviet problems with the prime minister prison as a healthy young woman, and dustrial city 250 miles east of Moscow, during the 35-minute meeting. three years later I was certain I would according to The New York Times. Earlier, her husband stated: "Iryna not live out this year." Gorky is closed to foreigners. While a Crimean Tatar and I intend to live in the West. I English clergyman Richard Rogers, group of friends were on hand at Yaro consider the possibility of a return to the who for 90 days stayed in a cage to slavl station to welcome the couple, Soviet Union will become a reality only campaign for her release, said doctors there was no official greeting party. leader Dzhemilev when respect for human rights will who examined the poetess stated she Dr. Sakharov was exiled to Gorky on become something real not only in was emaciated arid frail, but did not January 22, 1980 without trial or released in USSR words but in deeds." conviction when he denounced Soviet seem to have suffered permanent da by Bohdan Faryma Ms. Ratushynska, a Russian Or mage from heart and kidney ailments, intervention in Afghanistan. His case has come to symbolize Soviet human- thodox believer, spoke of her ordeals in Reuters reported. NEW YORK — Mustafa Dzhemilev, rights abuses and Western leaders have labor camp, where she had served three During her imprisonment, Ms. Ra a prominent Soviet dissident and leader continually pressed the Kremlin for his years of a seven-year sentence for "anti- tushynska wrote some 250 poems, most of the Crimean Tatars, a persecuted release. His wife was sentenced to five Soviet agitation and propaganda-at the of them on bars of soap. In an interview Muslim minority, has been freed from a years of exile in Gorky in 1984 on time of her release in October. with Washington Post correspondent Siberian labor camp. "The regime in the women's political Gary Lee before she left the Soviet charges of anti-Soviet activity. Ms. Lev Kopelev, an exiled Soviet author camp was adapted specifically to create (Continued on page 16) Bonner has been pardoned of her who lives in Cologne, West Germany, told The Ukrainian Weekly today that Mr. Dzhemilev had been freed after the Honchar's "Sobor" to be published in Ukrainian court found him guilty of "slandering the Soviet system," but then gave him a by Dr. Roman Soichanyk members of the Ukrainian intelligentsia the novel began to appear in articles by conditional suspended sentence of three were raising similar issues in petitions Ukrainian writers published in Kiev and Several recent developments in addressed to party and government Moscow. The well-known literary critic Ukrainian literature and the arts indi bodies that ultimately found their way Mykola Zhulynsky referred to "Sobor" Mr. Kopelev learned about Mr. cate that the liberalization of Russian into the samvydav. Simultaneously, in in an survey of Ukrainian prose writing Dzhemilev's release when he called Dr. cultural life that has been evident during neighboring Czechoslovakia, the Pra that appeared in the January issue of the Andrei Sakharov on December 19, after the past year may be having something gue Spring appeared to pose an internal literary monthly Kyiv. Not long after, the Nobel Peace Prize-winning scien akin to a "fallout effect" in Ukraine. threat in the form of a spillover of such the poet Borys Oliynyk, writing in the tist's internal exile was rescinded. Although by no means as all-embracing "counterrevolutionary" notions as Moscow journal Literaturnoye Oboz- (Continued on page 16) as the changes in Moscow or Leningrad, socialism with a human face. renie, hinted at the scandalous treat there are signs that the relaxation of Writing in Pravda on the eve of the ment that Mr. Honchar had suffered at controls that has led some observers to Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslova the hands of stalwarts of political speak of a cultural renaissance in the kia, Oleksandr Botvyn, at that time first orthodoxy in the arts: Soviet Union is having an impact in secretary of the Kiev City Party Com Kiev as well. mittee, linked "Sobor" and the writings "Today, many, particularly the of other Ukrainian intellectuals with young, think that fate has always looked favorably on that illustrious Hidden away in an otherwise mun " little theories' about the need for' master of the word Oles Honchar... But dane report about the literary works 'democratization' and 'liberalization' of let us go back to the end of the 1960s. that the Dnipro publishing house in socialism." A virulent campaign against The all-Unipn reader is scarcely aware tends to issue to commemorate the 70th Mr. Honchar was launched by the party that Oles Honchar's novel 'Sobor' was anniversary of the October Revolution leadership in Dnipropetrovske, the published at that time, and that it was is the announcement that Oles Hon home base of Volodymyr Shcherbyt- not received, to put it mildly, uniform char's controversial novel "Sobor"(The sky, and was accompanied by arrests ly... Unfortunately, some of the retro Cathedral) will soon be available once and persecution of "Ukrainian bour grades tried to obscure the clear and again to Ukrainian readers. The work geois nationalists." In retrospect, it accurate strategy of the novel by adroit caused a political storm when it was first appears that the "Sobor" affair was the demogogy, attributing to it, in addition, published in Ukraine in 1968 because of first in a series of moves organized by various kinds of 'isms.' " its criticism of the destruction of Ukrai the so-called Dnipropetrovske group nian historical and cultural monu with Mr. Shcherbytsky at its head to At the same time Sergei Baruzdin, ments. Mr. Honchar focuses on the bring down the incumbent Ukrainian chief editor of the Moscow literary issue of national identity and historical Party leader Petro Shelest. monthly Druzhba Narodov, which continuity as symbolized by an ancient Mr. Honchar himself never suffered specializes in the publication of non- Kozak cathedral that is threatened with personally because of his novel, al Russian writers in Russian translation, destruction at the hands of an eager though in May 1971, he relinquished his announced on the pages of Kyiv that "cultural \vorker" in a small village in post as chairman of the Board of the Sobor would appear, together with the industrial heartland of Ukraine. Ukrainian Writers' Union. "Sobor," another of Mr. Honchar's works, in the Interwoven with this main therne are however, became an "unbook,"and was first supplement this year to his journal. other such issues as the philistinism of not included in the six-volume collec 5 Mr. Oliynyk used the forum of the mindless Soviet bureaucrats and the tion of his works published in 1978- Congress of Soviet Writers in Moscow ecological disasters that have resulted 1979. Indeed, it was not even listed in to raise the "Sobor" issue once again, Yuri Orlov calls for the release of from the destructive drive for*"pro the author's bibliography appended to noting that the editors of Druzhba Mustafa Dzhemilev during a December gress" at all costs. the collected edition. Narodov had struggled for 18 years to 18 demonstration in front of the United "Sobor" appeared at a time when Then, earlier this year, references to (Continued on page 2) Nations. Honchar's "Sobor"... radical overhaul. Thus, at the above- Ukraine, and played an active role in the Evidence mounts: mentioned meeting attended by Mr. dissident ferment that followed in its (Continued from page 1) Taniuk, the minister of culture explain wake, Ms. Kostenko's works were of KGB drive to obtain permission for the novel's publi ed that "the cardinal question" was the barred from publication for more than a cation. The same point was made by need to do everything possible with all decade.