Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association! rainian Weekly

Vol. Ш NO.51 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21,1986 25 cents

Metropolitan's Christmas message Open your hearts to Christ-Child Christ is born! Glorify Him!

The birth of the eternal Son of God into time and the reality of our lives brought light and hope to those who were held captive in the darkness of sin. As the prophet Isaiah proclaims: "The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light; upon those who dwelt in the land of gloom a light has shone. You have brought them abundant joy and great rejoicing...For the yoke that burdened them, the pole on their shoulders, and the rod of their task- master you have smashed," (IS. 9:1-3). Christmas card by Petro Cholodny issued by the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S.A. Christ, the Light of the World, came on that first Christmas and as St. John the Apostle writes: "Any who did accept Marchenko's wife Ratushynska to leave for Britain him he empowered to become children of God." (JN 1:12). by Bohdan Faryina received an exit visa and that they says planned to leave for Britain in a few One thousand years ago our ances- NEW YORK — Prominent Soviet days. tors accepted the Light of Christ into "tell in battle" poet Iryna Ratushynska, reported ''Until now it is only a verbal con- their lives. Those in who sat in ,, near death before her release from firmation, said Ms. Ratushynska. the darkness of sin and idolatry accept- NEW YORK — "Anatoly Mar- prison on October, said on December " do not yet have the documents and ed into their lives the Light of Christ. chenko fell in the battle," stated Larisa 14 that she has been given permission to they fthe Soviet authorities! promised They gave their lives to Him who invited Bogoraz, wife of the longtime political prisoner in her first formal statement leave the for medical us that we will receive them tomorrow." them: "Come to me, all you who are treatment in Britain. weary and find life burdensome, and I after she and the couple's 13-year-old She said that as soon as they receive son, Pavel, buried what was described In a telephone interview with The the papers they will depart for Great will refresh you. Take my yoke upon Ukrainian Weekly from her home in the your shoulders and learn from me, for 1 as the bruised and emaciated body of Britain. her husband on December 11 near the Ukrainian capital of Kiev, Ms. Ratu- Ms. Ratushynska and her husband am gentle and humble of heart. Your shynska said she hoped to return to souls will find rest, for my yoke is easy prison where he died, reported the arrived in on December 16 to Associated Press. the Soviet Union to continue her pick up visas from the British Embassy and my burden light." (MT. 11:28-30). struggle for human rights. The Baptism of Ukraine during the rule He waged this "war" for 20 years in as well as airline tickets. They were prison cells "in order to secure freedom "We can and must defend human expected to fly to London on a British of St. Volodymyr the Great marks the rights by keeping our Soviet citizen- (Continued on page 7) for others," said Ms. Bogoraz, who Airways flight on Thursday evening, traveled some 600 miles from Moscow ship," said the 32-year-old Ms. Ratu- December 18. to Chistopol with her son and seven shynska. "It will be very difficult to Ms. Ratushynska will receive medi- Deschenes probe relatives and friends to try to bring her leave the country and very difficult to cal treatment in England for heart husband's remains back with her to the return. I don't know if they will let me." problems and bronchitis, which her Soviet capital for burial. She said Soviet authorities confirmed husband recently described as serious. will recommend The 48-year-old founding member of on December 13 that she and her Afterwards, she said, she will "by all the Moscow Helsinki Monitoring husband., Ihor Herashchenko, had (Continued on page 12) OS I-type body Group was buried in a graveyard near Chistopol after a religious ceremony in a by Michael B. Bociurkiw local Russian Orthodox church. Upon her arrival at Chistopol, Ms. OTTAWA — The Deschenes Com- Bogoraz was told by prison authorities jnission looking into the presence of that Mr. Marchenko, who had been on Nazi war criminals in Canada will a hunger strike since August 4 to protest recommend the establishment of a Soviet human-rights violations, had permanent Nazi-hunting unit similar to died of heart failure. A Soviet Foreign one in the United States. It was learned Ministry spokesman, Boris Pyadyshev, here last week. told reporters that Mr. Marchenko had The recommendation will be one of died of a brain hemorrhage after "a several proposals included in the two- natural and long disease." Ms. Bogoraz reportedly told a friend, For East European community re- however, that she saw bruises on his action see story on page 3. body. "The coffin was opened before the part report to be handed to the govern- burial and she said she could see that ment this month by Quebec Superior there were bruises on him," the friend Court Justice Jules Deschenes, the head said. of the one-man inquiry. Ludmilla Thorne of Freedom House, Other key recommendations will a New York-based human-rights orga- include negotiating extradition treaties nization, said on December 16 that she with Israel and the Soviet Union, and learned Ms. Bogoraz had actually seen (Continued on page 12) (Continued on page 5) Iryna Ratushynska 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986 No. 51

A GLIMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY Estonians fear new development will intensify Russification process Soviet religious persecution: obstacle by Bohdan Faryma POPULATION COMPARISONS tp improved VaticanXKremlin relations Second of two parts 4 by Bohdan Nahaylo Foreign Minister Gromyko in February Plans'to build a new harbor and mine Population — all Estonia 1985 and reportedly raised the question 1939 Second of two parts. offering prospects of increased trade of the Ukrainian Catholics, Metropoli- and thousands of new jobs would be ЦІШ The 4-million-strong Ukrainian Cai- tan , who heads the Moscow more than welcome in other parts of the 19821 tholic Church was officially "liqui- Patriarchate's Commission for Chris- world, but not in Estonia. tian Unity and Relations With Other dated" by the Soviet authorities in 1946 The Estonians fear that the plans to Percentage of Estonians with the help of the Moscow Patriar- Churches, gave an authoritative state - build an international oil harbor at chate. This was accomplished at a stage- ment to L'Unita in which, among other Muuga and a phosphorus mine near 1939f!fHS things, he conveyed the Moscow Pa- managed "synod" held that year in Lviv Toolse, once carried out, will decisively 19821 during which some of the terrorized triarchate's disquiet about the Vatican's contribute to the Russification of remnants of its clergy were forced to reassertion of its concern for the Ukrai- their once independent country. nian Catholic Church. proclaim their church's "voluntary "'The big harbors, mines and the Population—Tallinn (capital) reunion" with the Russian Orthodox excessive large manpower needed in the Church. The current situation big industries play the most important ^939 ПЗЯ?ШУ Nevertheless, for 40 years the Ukrai- role" in the process of "total assimila- 1982 1 nian Uniate Church has managed to Since then the Vatican has continued tion of Estonia into ," a group of survive in the underground, and outside to speak out in defense of Baltic Catho- Estonian scholars said in a letter sent of the USSR this church has numerous lics and Ukrainian Uniates. For ex- recently to colleagues in the West. Percentage of Estonians ample, the statement delivered at the congregations. The Vatican has never "Russification," according to a study recognized the canonical validity of opening of the Helsinki Review Confe- rencein Vienna by the Holy See's repre- by the Joint Baltic American National what transpired at the Synod" of Lviv Committee (JBANC), a Baltic Ameri- and under John Paul II has frequently sentative, Archbishop Achille Sil- can umbrella organization, "can be spoken out in defense of the rights of the vestrini, contained strong criticism of considered a process within Sovietiza- Ukrainian Uniates. those states "where believers are sub- tion, the production of a new culture ; Significantly, one of Pope John Paul jected to administrative obstacles and using the Russian culture as a founda- Ill's first "acts after his accession to the prohibitions because of their religious tion. Courtesy of the New York City Tribw throne of St. Peter, was to send a letter convictions." non-Russians and therefore deals only on March 19, 1979, to the exiled leader the statement also made what was "Whereas Sovietization, the creation of the ideal 'Soviet' man, is the goal and with independent and unique cultures of the Ukrainian Catholic Church, obviously an implicit reference to the within the Soviet Union." case of the Ukrainian Catholic Church, encompasses all people within the Patriarch and Cardinal Josyf Slipyj. The scientists said that the first step This document is still regularly criti- for it pointed out that it is "no less Soviet Union, including Russians," possible to keep silent about a painful continues the JBANC report, "Russifi- towards the Russification of Estonia is cized in Soviet publications and ex- (Continued on page 9) emplifies the difficulties for Moscow of situation that has persisted for 40 years cation aims to create Russians out of having the pope attend the millennial without respite: there are religious celebrations in 1988. Written inconnec- communities deprived of all legal exis- Polish dissident to travel abroad tion with the approaching Millennium tence." of Christanitv in Kieyan ‚Rus', thetletter For their part, the Kremlin and the by Bohdan Faryma c^mmehde'd J ї)кгаіп^ MUitebN^ ІЃаСгіа%гШе have beeii sig- having ^ndurecf soifrovHanciihjiistM^ H nafmg that as things startd'at present the NEW YORK — The leader of a for Christ, preferring fidelity toward the possibility of a papal visit to the USSR major Polish opposition party, Leszek Cross until the last breath of life,"and in 1988 is remote and depends on Moczulski, said in Warsaw last week- stressed that the Vatican, would con- whether or not the Vatican will be end that a ban had been lifted on his tinue to uphold the principle of religious prepared to tone down the themes travel abroad for medical treatment, freedom as enshrined in the Universal which they find objectionable. After his according to various reports. Declaration of Human Rights, and to recent meeting with the pope, Metro- Mr. Moczulski said the Polish in- consider it as fundamental to the politan Filaret declared that certain terior minister had ordered officials to development of "a genuine ecumenical "political and technicaldifficulties"still issue him a passport — previously spirit" in relations with the Orthodox have to resolved, but that "everything is withheld despite his repeated appeals to Churches., ^ ^ ;;;`_. '. possible." go to Britain for heart surgery, the% lApart fголі ІІіе implicit coridemna- Moreover, within the Soviet Union, Reuters news agency reported on De- tion pi the forcible dissolution and and especially in Ukraine, there are no cember 5. banning of the Ukrainian Catholic indications at present that the official Polish opposition sources in New Church, John Paul II also referred in attitude towards the pope is changing. York said the Interior Ministry's move the letter to the forthcoming jubilee "of In fact, in September the journal for came after two Western politicians the introduction of Christianity into the Ukrainian propagandists Pid Prapo- intervened personally on behalf of the region of Rus' " as "the millennium of rom Leninizmu attacked Pope John dissident party leader. Christianity in Ukraine," and he called Paul II as "a person with extreme anti- Mr. Moczulski, founder of the con- upon the Ukrainian Catholic hierarchy Communist views" who was "placed" servative Christian Confederacy, for an to prepare for the celebrations in 1988. on the papal throne 'by the most Independent Poland (KPN) party, told His recognition of the "Ukrainian" reactionary forces of imperialism." Leszek Moczulski (Continued on page 8) aspect of the anniversary contrasts with An even firmer indication of the the "Russian" coloring which the Mos- problems which John Paul II represents cow Patriarchate, and some Soviet for the Soviet authorities on the eve of authors have been giving the jubilee, the Millennium of the Christianization depicting it as the millennium of the of Kievan Rus' was provided in the FOUNDED 1933 Russian Orthodox Church. In fact, the October issue of the Ukrainian Party LilcrainianWeelch Moscow Patriarchate has arranged for . organ Kommunist Ukrainy. The jour- An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National the main millennial celebrations to be nal devoted a nine-page article to held in Moscow, and not in Kiev where Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. condemning the Vatican's alleged "poli- 07302. " the Christianization of Kievan Rus' tical clericalism" and "clerical anti- began. Sovietism" under John Paul II, and Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. (ISSN,- 0273-9348) The Moscow Patriarchate has made castigatdd him for his approach to the it quite clear that it does, not consider Millennium of the Christianization of the issue of the Ukrainian Uniates to be Kievan Rus'. Specifically, the Pope was Yearly subscription rate: $8; for UNA members — $5. even a subject for discussion with the accused of furthering the "political Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. Vatican. On December 22, 1980, the myth about the 'Ukrainocentrism' of head of the Russian Orthodox Church, Kievan Rus'," and challenging what has The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: Patriarch Pimen, wrote to Pope John been the official line in Soviet historio- (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201)451-2200 graphy since the Stalin era "that Kievan Paul II stating explicitly that any Postmaster, send address attempts by the Vatican to call into Rus' was the cradle of the three brother- changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz question the results of the Synod of Lviv ly peoples (Russians, Ukrainians and Assistant Editors: Michael B. Bociurkiw (Canada) Byelorussians}.44 The Ukrainian Weekly would be contrary to the spirit of P.O. Box 346 Natalia A. Feduschak ecumenism and could negate all the The article claimed that the Vatican is Jersey City. N J 07303 Chrystyna N. lapychak progress made in improving relations, seeking to exploit the jubilee in 1988 in between the Roman Catholic and the order to: "revive religious feeling among The Ukrainian Weekly, December 21,1986, No. 51, Vol. LIV Russian Orthodox Churches. the traditionally believing section of the Copyright 1986 by The Weekly 'Shortly after the pope; ‚rec^iVed (Continued on page 11) f'rtinljijHiirjnir тѓќі Г(УЙ џіЦ ‚T.rjgpS '‚W'VA Ѓ?'.'?'Ѓ. No.51 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21,1Ж 3

East European communities angered U.S. papers report improvement by war crimes inquiry report in Chornobyl - affected areas by Michael Bociurkiw recommend the establishment of a unit similar to the U.S. Justice Depart- KIEV — While life is not yet back correspondents showed that the OTTAWA — Leaders of East Euro- ment's Office of Special Investigations to normal for those people dislodged Soviets are still having difficulty pean communities in Canada are angry "Without such a unit, the report would by April's nuclear accident at the confronting some aspects of the with the reported findings of the Des- have been form without substance. To Chornobyl power plant, increasingly disaster. According to Anatoly Ro- chenes Commission of inquiry on War deny the need for such a unit is to deny, there are signs the situation in Kiev manenko, the Ukrainian health mi- Criminals, particularly with a sugges- in practical terms, the need to prosecute and surrounding areas is improving. nister, some individuals who were tion to set up a permanent war criminals war criminals." According to news reports in The exposed to fallout have suffered investigative agency in Canada. David Matas, lawyer for the League Washington Post and The New York psychological shock from the acci- Canada doesn't need a "witch-hunt- for Human Rights of B'nai BYith, said Times, the situation is improving dent, resulting in disturbed dreams, ing brigade" like the Americans have he would welcome a Canadian version near Kiev and Prypiat with evident "feelings of fear" and nervous ten- because it would only cause "anger and of the Office of Special Investigations, if signs of lower radiation levels, the sion. Older evacuees are impatient to panic" in East European communities, for no other reason than that it "offers construction of 800 new homes in the return to their homes. aid Andrew Witer, a Conservative an opportunity for specialization of a agricultural village of Borodianka One middle-aged construction lember of Parliament who is of Ukrai- lot of legal and historical detail that has and two nearby villages, the success- worker from the town of Chornobyl, man origin. to be mastered (in dealing with war ful dike operation that Soviet autho- told Washington Post correspon- Mr. Witer, a member of an all-party criminals)." "I just don't see it as a rities have stated prevented conta- dent Gary Lee, "If I am invited back, ad-hoc group of some 30 MPs monitor- problem," said Mr. Matas. "To be mination of the Prypiat and Dnieper I would gladly return." ing the work of the Deschenes Commis- opposed to specialization would be Rivers, construction of 8,000 free None of the 209 workers who went sion, was apparently echoing the feel- advocating inefficiency." dwellings for the evacuees of the to the plant immediately after the ings of many Canadians of East Euro- Some U.S. leaders of East European accident and the encasement of the explosion and remain hospitalized pean origin that the inquiry's findings communities have lobbied the U.S. damaged reactor in concrete. has suffered radiation illness, Mr. will trigger a witch hunt to find immi- government. to modify the authority According to TASS, the Soviet Romanenko told the correspon- grants who collaborated with the Nazis and functions of the Office of Special official news agency, a government dents. Said one evacuee, Ludmilla during World War II. Investigations created in 1979 to handle study has shown that "the damaged Zdanevich, from Prypiat, she and her Meanwhile, Jewish groups, most of actions against Nazi war crimes sus- reactor has ceased to be a source of friends all "feel fine." But she added which have called for the establishment pects. Critics say the unit relies heavily on radioactive contamination to the that she goes for a blood test every 10 of an OSI-type body, applauded the unreliable Soviet-supplied evidence and environment. Furthermore, the re- days or so, three times more often news that Judge Jules Deschenes has testimony. port, conducted by the Communist than the Ukrainian Health Ministry not ruled out such a unit in Canada. Mr. Nestor Olesnycky, a New Jersey Party Central Committee and the recommends. Witer, however, says the Royal Cana- attorney who has represented clients Council of Ministers, stated that "Some women are very emotional," dian Mounted Police is "capable" of who have been charged by the OSI with evacuees have been paid 800 million Mr. Romanenko said, "and want investigating suspected war criminals in making misrepresentations in their rubles in compensation. more frequent check-ups, to be Canada, and that the job should be left immigration documents, said the un- Evacuees of the Borodianka re- assured." Mr. Lee reported that entirely up to the Mounties. written objective of the unit is to gion, most of whom now work on the residents living as far away as 80 Quebec Superior Court Justice Des- "ascribe collective guilt to members of collective farm "Druzhba" (Friend- miles from the site of the accident go chenes, the head of the one-man inquiry Eastern European communities in the ship), have been given free housing, in for occasional blood checks, looking into the presence of war crimi- United States." costing more than 30,000 rubles (or according to one medical official. nals in Canada, will advise the govern- "The unit's staff members are aggres- $36,000 U.S. dollars). Compensation "The psychological trauma is not yet ment in a report this month that it has sive and go for the jugular," Mr. for each family affected by the past," she explained. the option of establishing a Nazi- Olesnycky said in a telephone interview disaster was between 15,000 and, Officials, for the first'time since the hunting unit. from his office in Maplewood, N.J. 30,000 rubies, depending on the accident, have begun to use water belongings lost in the accident, supplied from the Dnieper River, Judge Deschenes will advise the "Often they don't wait for a judge to reach a judgement on somebody; rather according to Pravda. Some 600 long Kiev's main water supply, said government of two other legal options people, including 500 who worked at Nikolai Lavrykin, deputy director of for dealing with war criminals in Ca- they accept without question names and evidence prepared by the Simon Wie- the plant before the explosion and the Kiev executive committee in an nada: negotiating extradition treaties fire on April 26, have been assigned interview. with Israel and the Soviet Union, and senthal Center." John Sopinka, the lawyer represent- to work at the plant. Employees re- Early fears that the water supply amending the Criminal Code in order to ported ly work 15 days in a row with was contaminated prompted autho- allow war criminals to be tried in ing the Ukrainian Canadian Committee before the Deschenes Commission, said 15 days off and receive two to three rities to supply water from artesian Canada according to Canadian rules of times their normal salaries. wells of the Dispa River. The move, evidence. he sees no need for a special unit to ferret out war criminals in Canada. Yet, a recent trip to the area sur- however, does not discount the Leaders of Jewish groups in Canada People are "suspicious" of a special rounding Chornobyl by Western (Continued on page 6) said in interviews they welcome the investigative unit, Mr. Sopinka said, commission's plans to recommend a adding that an OSI-type body in Ca- Nazi-hunting body. The Simon Wiesen- nada would "remove them (investiga- thal Center, said Canadian representa- tors) from observing the normal stan- Communique on Chornobyl disaster tive Sol Littman, is "especially pleased" dards of justice." During its meeting on October 18, 1986, the Presidium of the World with reports that Judge Deschenes will (Continued on page 10) Congress of Free Ukrainians confirmed the resolution of the Initiative Group of Experts to secure aid and medical treatment for all those exposed to the radioactive fallout from the Chornobyl accident. Official Soviet sources cite Soviets provide Trawniki ID card the figure of endangered at 17,000. Some Western sources predict I million JERSEY CITY, N.J. — The Soviets added that he did not know, however, if Chornobyl victims. It is imperative to locate all those affected and to learn have provided Israeli authorities with that was true in this case. precisely what medical care and treatment are available to them. Our the original Trawniki ID card pur- objectives are strictly humanitarian. We sincerely believe that with the portecly issued to John Demjanjuk, Meanwhile, on December 18, United support and the understanding of the Western world, and especially the according to a story in the Cleveland Press International reported that Ame- Ukrainian community, we will succeed in realizing our objectives. Plain Dealer. rican industrialist Armand Hammer Consequently, we appeal to all people of good will and request that: The December 17 issue of the news- had persuaded the USSR to send Israel 1. All those already engaged in the field cooperate with us in an exchange )арег reported that the ID card was a document proving that the scar Mr. of information. delivered through an unidentified inter- Demjanjuk has on his back is identical 2. Scientists and experts in various fields: health physicists, nuclear mediary to Nimrod Novick, political to one "Ivan the Terrible," the no- physicists, biochemists, statisticians, psychologists, journalists, economists, adviser to Foreign Minister Shimon torious camp guard, had. UPI cited archivists, etc. join our group. Peres. unidentified officials in Jerusalem as the 3. All those in possession of any relevant materials refer to our archives: source for the information. The newspaper cited a December 16 articles, press clippings, scientific papers, private information and any news report by Israeli television as the source The Trawniki IDcard has for several relating to the Chornobyl disaster; as well as the reactions and rescue of its story, and Foreign Ministry reasons been declared a forgery by measures of individual countries affected. It is essential to learn about the officials were quoted as saying the numerous sources. Two forensic ex- mood of the affected local population and their awareness of the long-term; document was crucial to the case. Israeli perts who examined a photostatic copy effects of radiation. prosecutors had a copy of the ID card, of the card expressed setibus doubts 4. All those who have influence and connections with relevant but the Israeli courts demanded the about its authenticity, and Patrick organizations and institutions intercede with them and act as liaisons with us original, the Cleveland Plain Dealer Buchanan, White House communica- on behalf of the Chornobyl victims. noted. No other details were given. ^ tions #rector, labelled the card a KGB 5. All possible financial assistance be forthcoming to our endangered forgery in his September 28 commen- brothers and) sisters whose life depends on our generosity. Thl Israelf EmbassyV iiricmnatiori Please contact: officer in Washington told The Weekly, tary in The Washington Past. Many have questioned the trust, however, that he has no information on Charnobyl worthiness of Soviet-supplied evidence this latest development in the Demjan- World Congress of Free Ukrainians juk case. Bob Zassler, cautioned that arid even iti Israel4juestibrfs have been 2П8А Bloor SL W. t^e Israeli broadcast media "tend to raised about the propriety of accepting ^ ^ ^ . ч T^pmo,pnt,M6S^M8 , , havr ^ reputation of І^^ЙМ^ЧШ^^ ^Шпге4Ші^ before they are fully confirmed." He ly frame Soviet Jewish activists, THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21.1986 No! 51

Human Rights Day ulcrainian Weekly Soviet authorities' actions are CHRISTmas the true indicators of policy Following is the full text of a state- , Vitaliy Kalynychenko No matter where we turn today we will no doubt be reminded that merit issued on the occasion of Human and other members of the Ukrainian there are only four shopping days left until Christmas. We will be Rights Day by Nadia Svitlychna of the Helsinki Group demand that the Soviet greeted by the smiling visage of a jolly, grandfatherly looking old man External Representation of the Ukrai- government comply with the obliga- dressed in red and white — with or without his reindeer or elves in tow. nian Helsinki Group. tions it voluntarily assumed in Helsinki. Mind you, we have nothing against the exchange of gifts, nor do we Pavlo Kampov demands (if someone dislike a certain Santa Claus. It's not that the pastiche of customs that How is Human Rights Day comme- helps him to write a statement, because has evolved around Christmas is not charming. It's just that the morated in the Soviet Union? In the he has gone blind) to be transferred to a secularization of one of the holiest days of Christians that happens to USSR, the government's and society's concentration camp in Ukraine so that fall on December 25 leads us all to, at least once in a while, forget that it attitudes to all celebrations differ, often he can at least die in his homeland. is the birth of the Son of God that we celebrate on Christmas. to the point of being diametrically The families of prisoners who have opposed. For example, religious be- died in imprisonment demand that the As Christians we rejoice on this day that God the Almighty gave us lievers observe religious feasts, while the bodies of their loved ones ( his only begotten Son, and we are uplifted in the hope that this nativity government does everything possible to and ) be returned to them. signifies. For, it is this Son who came down to Earth and became man obstruct this practice. Soviet propa- in order to save the souls of all mankind. ganda extolls important Soviet dates, And all demand that the rights One of the ways in which we can express our gratitude for the gift of while the public scoffs at them. proclaimed 38 years ago in the Univer- the Divine Son is to give, in turn, to those less fortunate than we. So, as sal Declaration of Human Rights be December 10, however, is a singu- respected in the Soviet Union. we are hurrying from store to store, laden with packages of all shapes lar occasion. It is marked in the Soviet and sizes for our family and friends (of all shapes and sizes), let's Union at three levels, as it were. Until The present Soviet government has remember, too, the various worthy charities that are deserving of our recently, the government has ignored proclaimed a policy of democratization. support, as well as the many institutions whose contributions we this date; what is more, it ordered But it is for the very same ideas that are appreciate. confiscated (and continues to do so still) now being pronounced from the highest Let us practice the joy of giving and, thus, put the Christ back in the text of the Universal Declaration of tribunes that such persecuted Ukrai- nian human-rights activists as the poet Christmas. Human Rights during searches. Soviet organs of repression have always done Vasyl Stus, the journalist Valeriy Mar- their utmost to prevent any attempt by chenko, the teacher Oleksa Tykhy, the : a eulogy the citizenry to draw attention to political essayist Yuriy Lytvyn and the human-rights issues on this day. historian Mykhailo Melnyk met their His only weapon was his unconquerable will. In the battle of wills untimely deaths. with Soviet authorities, Anatoly Marchenko seemed doomed to lose. The third category of celebrators is And indeed they succeeded in destroying him physically. Last week the comprised of victims of human-rights Democratization has not even West learned of the longtime political prisoner's death in a Chistopol violations — Soviet prisoners of con- touched the places of imprisonment, prison hospital on December 8 from his wife, , who science. This group has traditionally places where all the faults of the Soviet received a brief telegram from prison authorities the next day observed the December 10" date in state and political system reveal them- informing her of Mr. Marchenko's passing. The West later learned, prisons and concentration camps. And selves in all their intensity. The release so today, too, our colleagues in Soviet under pressure of world public opinion again from his wife, that the dissident's body was bruised and prisons, though wasted by hunger and of a few well-known can emaciated to the point that it resembled the corpse of a wartime cold, are resorting to the only means of hardly be taken as an indication that the concentration camp victim, as described to Ms. Bogoraz by a worker commemorating Human Rights Day system of repression has changed. No in the prison morgue. Although his fast was self-imposed since he available to them in their circum- more than the widely advertised with- declared a hunger strike on August 4 in demand of, among other stances: they are foregoing their meager drawal of several Soviet regiments from things, the release of all political prisoners in the USSR, which he prison ration. Some, in addition to Afghanistan has put an end to that war vowed to continue through the end of the Vienna Helsinki review announcing a hunger strike, also go on a of conquest. conference, Anatoly Marchenko's physical destruction and death were work strike, fully aware in advance of the high cost of their actions: incarcera- Despite all the changes, the gap the result of years of beatings by guards, solitary confinement, lack of between the opposite poles of the state medical attention, and deprivation of food since his arrest in March tion in a punishment-isolation cell, an additional term of imprisonment, depri- and society has become wider under the 1981. vation of parcels from home and so present regime. Soviet propaganda has But what-succeeded in killing Anatoly Marchenko failed to forth. In explaining the reasons for their become even more perfidious because it Extinguish his spirit, the spirit that drove him to struggle through 20 actions, political prisoners put forward cloaks a police regime with the mask of ч years of post-Stalin prisons, labor camps and internal exile, which he the demand that the injustices that led democracy. The current situation of ` chronicled so vividly in his well-known samizdat book, "My to their imprisonment be righted. political prisoners is described in a Testimony," and spurred him to join in the founding of the Moscow recent samizdat document about condi- Thus Petro Ruban demands that his Helsinki Monitoring Group in May 1976. His death has, in a sense, tions in the VS-389^ 36 concentration paralyzed son be allowed to go to the camp in the Urals: "The political immortalized his undying spirit, his love of mankind and his search for United States to receive treatment (it justice and truth. He was a simple man, a laborer with only eight years prisoners in this penal institution are was for making this demand that he was threatened by physical destruction. of formal education. Mr. Marchenko was born in January 1938 to sentenced to his most recent 13-year Since the meeting between Gorbachev illiterate parents in western Siberia. Certainly his modest background term). arid Reagan, the regimen in this camp made him stand out among who are, for the most Yuriy Badzio and has become even more harsh and con- part, intellectuals, scientists, writers and generally well-educated demand equal rights for their enslaved tinues to grow harsher still. The politi- people. Yet this worker committed himself to the principles and ideas Ukrainian nation. cal prisoners are subjected to terror. of human rights, and contributed some of the most eloquent and vivid demands that the The punishment-isolation cell and the samizdat accounts ever published of conditions of post-Stalinist Crimean Tatars be allowed to return to camp prison are never empty. Even the camps and prisons. their homeland in the Crimea. old and the invalids are held there. There is no medical care of any kind." Although telegrams of sympathy sent from the West reportedly Yosyp Terelia demands that the have not reached Mr. Marchenko's widow, several telegrams from Ukrainian Catholic Church, which has The best indicators of the sincerity c other Soviet dissidents, including several serving sentences in internal been driven into the catacombs, be the Soviet government's intentions with exile, were received by Ms. Bogoraz, according to Nadia Svitlychna. permitted to exist. respect to the democratization of Soviet Mykola Matusevych, a member of the , sent demands humane society would be an end to the occupa- a telegram, as did Moscow human-rights activist Tetiana Velikanova. treatment of prisoners and the abolition tion of Afghanistan, the release of all and Elena Bonner wrote to Ms. Bogoraz: of psychiatric repressions. Soviet political prisoners and the aboli- "Lara, dearest, we are astonished by the news of Tolya's death. With Yosyf Zisels demands freedom of tion of such penal institutions as special all our closest friends we mourn the death of our friend, of this emigration from the Soviet Union. psychiatric hospital prisons and the , , death camp in the Urals. immaculate, beautiful person. Today we are embarrassed by our naive hopes. Our souls are, in these tragic days, with you, Pavlyk, all our friends. Lyusia, Andrei." These "naive hopes," held by his fellow Helsinki monitors, were Urgent appeal somehow embodied by Mr. Marchenko, who even willfully deprived Share a Christmas! himself of food only to make his point. In the warmth of your home, while surrounded by family and friends — Anatoly Marchenko did indeed die "in the battle," as stated Ms. share your Christmas joy by having all write a card to: John Demjanjuk, c^o Bogoraz in a statement she made to the Western press in Moscow on Ayalon Prison, Ramla, Israel. December 13, and we agree with her that " 'Marchenko's case' is not May the celebration of the birth of our Savior, Jesus Christ, give you and clbsed." His iron will and fighting spirit will remain an inspiration to your family peace and joy. everyone who is willingto make sacrifices for the sake of others, for the sakfe of human rights. , , , , — Mrs. Vera Demjanjuk and family. No. 51 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986 5

For the record: eyewitness testimony before Commission on Famine Following are excerpts of testimony by eyewitnesses to the man-made famine of L. Kasian, Chicago: 1932-33 in Ukraine who appeared at the Chicago regional hearing of the U.S. Commission on the Ukraine Famine on November 7. I was born on December 28, 1907, in the village of Hanivka Verkhnad- niprovska region. In 1929 I was sent with my whole family out of Ukraine Halyna B., Palatine, 111. to Volohodsk in Russia and later by train north to the wilderness to cut wood and build shelters. The family consisted of seven people. We were forcibly taken from I was born in the vicinity of -Kulykivsky district, in the village of our home in the process of completely liquidating that class of kulaks who did not Muvaveika. When I was 8 years old, my father died of tuberculosis in the 28th year accept collectivization. Everything was taken away from us. At the end of 1930 after of his young life. My mother was left a widow with two small children. My sister three attempts I succeeded in escaping and finding work in the town of Kramatorsk, was 6 years old. The farm was not large but someone was needed to work it. My where I lived during the years 1932-1933. sister and I went to school, and we tried to help mother after school, because we saw her despair. It is true that at first we did not go hungry, and we had something to I personally saw people swollen from hunger and those who died from hunger. At wear, until 1929. This year was designated by the Moscow intruders as the that time those who worked at the construction received food ration stamps mainly beginning of the death and long years of suffering for the Ukrainian nation. for bread. (Workers received 800 grams, office workers 600 grams per day, children In 1929 the collectivization began. It began by the arrival of trained agitators and only those of the parents who worked, meat, maybe one kilogram per month; if from Russia; they organized meetings in homes and threatened people into joining they were lucky.) the collectives, "If you don't-you will loose everything." The same agitator that organized the collective farm was the school principal. His name was Nikolai There was an incident where one woman came to Kramatorsk in 1933 and Gustov. He would gather seven families living on one street into someone's home received work' as a cleaning lady in the communal barracks. In two weeks, having for a meeting. He called such a meeting at our house, and I was present at this received some bread, she recuperated, but went insane, shouting that she had eaten meeting. her two children. The militia came and took her away. I remember his first words! "You will live much better on the collective than now, In 1935 in villages about 40 to 50 kilometers from Kramatorsk there were very and particularly you a widow, pointing a finger at my mother. You won't work so few people, especially men. When harvest time came at the end of June and July, hard, you will live without worries. It won't even be necessary to bake bread, there were no workers available. So many workers (builders) from Kramatorsk because the machines do all the work for us." And the poor people believed his lies were given some time to cut the grain for which they were well paid with grain, and entered the collective. In the beginning it was the poor peasants who joined the wheat, rye, honey. In the years 1932-33 it was almost impossible to buy bread. For collective. two kilograms of bread you paid 40 rubles, when a workers earned 150 to 170 rubles The well-to-do and middle peasants would not join; they would not sign. Here a month. the agitators saw a problem; they started making lists and started accusations but, without any trial or hearing they started sending these people out to Siberia or To go by train was impossible, except for those having special papers. To sejid Russia. They never came back. The rest of the peasants were scared to death and parcels from Russia to Ukraine t)r from Ukraine to Russia ‚was forbidden^ Fr$m signed without wavering, because they feared exile to Siberia. This lasted two years. to Kursk across the Russian border is not far, only 150 to 200 kilometers. Then 1931 began, collective work started, brigades were formed, and chairmen, Three-kilogram loaves of bread were freely available at a cost of three rubles. This is but there was no one to do the work. What was sown and planted, was harvested^ proof that the 7 million Ukrainians were artificially starved to death. everyone including small children were dragged into the fields. The schools were closed until winter. But this hard work did not provide any benefit for the peasants. My brother, Pavlo, who was only 14 years old in 1931, escaped from exile in the Everything was taken under the quotas, people were even accused of laziness and Solovk Islands, but he was captured and jailed in Dnipropetrovske and sentenced forced to make it up. Then we remembered the words of the agitator Husov, "You to another three years. He was freed in 1935 and settled in Kramatorsk. He told me will not bake bread!" Only those baked who had some reserve supplies, the rest only that in 1933, 37 persons were serving sentences in the Solovky camp for had memories. The Ukrainian bread was consumed by Russian invaders who ripped cannibalism. it out of the poor Ukrainian peasants' teeth. In this manner Moscow prepared the deadly famine for 1933. The village government and propagandists started pushing the quotas for past years and said that we have to produce more and more to make and the Soviet delegates walked out. up for past deficiencies. Marchenko's wife... While signing a proclamation mark- My mother knew that things would get bad and we wouldn't have enough food, (Continued from page 1) ing U.S. Human Rights Day on Decem- but there was none to be had and nothing to buy it with. We practically got nothing only Mr. Marchenko's head, while the ber 10, which is International Human from the collective, everything was sent out, and things got bad. The whole winter rest of his body was covered, and Rights Day, President Ronald Reagan we lasted, but by spring, March, the house was empty, not one slice of bread, not noticed deep, dark circles, like bruises, labelled Mr. Marchenko a "martyr"and one potato. I was 12 years old then, and my sister, 10. My sister and I saw and we around his eyes. She said that according launched a stinging attack on the Soviet understood these unpleasant horrors and troubles, and felt our starving mother's to her sources a worker at the prison for human-rights abuses pain. To help our mother we decided to go and find something, anything edible. We morgue who had reportedly seen Mr. "Mr. Marchenko was a martyr for the learned that people were digging some kind of roots, and said you could eat it and it Marchenko's body likened it to that of cause of human rights," he told guests at wouldn't hurt you. My sister and I also went to dig these roots. It was wet and cold, a wartime concentration camp victim. a White House ceremony,, which ^in- but somehow we dug up some roots, brought them home, dried them, ground them cluded former political, prisoners Ind up, and baked some "bread." It was very bitter, but we ate it. In her December 13 statement, Ms. Helsinki monitors , Analoly Mother saw that things were desperate and saw corpses taken to the cemetery, Bogoraz said that Mr. Marchenko's Shcharansky and Nadia Svitlychnal she took her golden earrings which my father gave her long ago; she took these goal was a general political amnesty in earrings to the bazaar and exchanged them for flour with one Jewish trader whose the USSR and "freedom for all political name was Hershko Larin. Mother received 10 pounds of flour, she tried to stretch it prisoners." Following is the full text of Larisa as long as possible by mixing with bran, which was being kept for the pigs, she "This is the cause Anatoly has given Bogoraz's statement on the untimely mixed this with the root flour and baked "pies" which we could eat once a day and his life for, this is the cause he was on death of her husband, Anatoly Mar- live. It was very bitter, but there was nothing else. a hunger strike for during the last four chenko. It was released in New York Mother would take everything to town, embroidery, towels, tablecloths, and months, this is the cause for which he by the Center for Democracy. gave it away practically for nothing just to survive to harvest. By June 1933 there perished in the terrible Chistopol prison was a big commotion in the village, people were crying and cursing, and lying along on December 8, 1986," said Ms. Bogo- The secrecy with which Soviet the fences, but no one was paying any attention to them, thinking that tomorrow raz. authorities have surrounded my they would be next. People died almost every day. There was no priest, no services, husband's death does not conceal the no one even came to look. The family that was left alive dug the graves themselves, "I am extremely grateful to everyone main fact: Anatoly Marchenko fell in wrapped the body in a bedsheet, and threw it into the hole. Those who were still who took interest in my husband's fate. the battle. healthy, the Moscow henchmen drove to work, and kept screaming that we had to I ask everyone, those who are close by For him this battle had started a make up our quota, "Die yourself, but save Russia!" and who are far away, not to forget: quarter of a century ago. And never, My sister, mother, and I were fighting for our lives. But how? We decided to 'Marchenko's case' is not closed," Ms. not once, did he display the white flag harvest (flowers) blossoms, from clover, dry it and crush it and boil or bake it. Bogoraz said. of truce. Those who created the collectives had plenty to eat. For example, our neighbor's In related news, Reuters reported At least 20 of these 25 years his war husband was one of those who did not pay people for their work; he stole and his that the Soviet delegation to the Vienna was waged in prison cells, in camp family had food. I remember one time the neighbor came in and saw some coral Helsinki review conference walked out barracks and places of exile. He beads around my neck. She said sell them to me for some bread, I hated to part with on December 12 when the U.S. delega- could have lived free but he delibe- them, but I happily answered, that 1 will sell them because I want to eat. I don't tion tried to observe one-minute's rately chose prison in order to secure remember how much we got for them, but she gave us some flour. Her name was silence to honor Mr. Marchenko. freedom for others. Klita, she is still living and is 92 years old. I am extremely grateful to every- The incident was sparked by U.S. one who took interest in my hus- Klita's brother was married and had two children. His wife tried to save the delegate Warren Zimmermann, who band's fate. I ask everyone, those children and had nothing left to give her husband to eat, and he already swelled up, departed from his text and called for a who are close by and who are far he went to his sister Klita begging for something to eat, because he could not last silent tribute to the veteran human- away, not to forget: "Marchenko's much longer, but she said, "I have nothing for you, get out of the house!" He left rights campaigner, who died while case" is not closed. and died that night. serving a 10-year sentence for "anti- The general political amnesty, Another family that lived a bit further from us had an older mother with two Soviet agitation." freedom for political prisoners — sons. Their mother died one evening; The sons were swollen and lost their mindand After Mr. Zimmermann had re- this is the cause Anatoly has given his started cutting their mother's flesh and baked it on the fire and ate this. But this did mained silent for about 45 seconds, the life for, this is the cause he was on a not help, and within a week both of them died. chief Polish delegate, who was in the hunger strike for during the last four At this time we got some milk from our cow and this milk saved us. In July chair, called on him to continue speak- months, this is the cause for which he ; mother started picking a few vegetables from the garden and we had sowed somfc ing; .`:`.--:`и л-.-.-: : v perished in the terrible Chistopol barley and mother reaped a little at a time, ground it and cooked a porridge, џпф Mr. Zimmermann said he would prison on December 8, 1986. this porridge and milk saved tis. " -' .,..., ,..,,,,,.....,, ,v ^ 'resume his speech after the full minute^ 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986 No. 51

From the Vienna Conference U.S. speaks on self-determination, Chornobyl, religious rights Following are excerpts of state - these unfortunate lands, there has Christians of the Soviet Union is for an entire Soviet family to receive merits made by the U. S. delegation at never henceforth been the slightest indisputable. We hope that the entire travel permission at the same time, the Vienna Conference to review possibility of free elections. Last world will be able to celebrate this thus denying an entire family the implementation of the Helsinki Ac- week, when free Latvians around the occasion to the fullest and in the most rare, perhaps once in a lifetime, cords. world celebrated the anniversary of appropriate manner. opportunity to be together. From ^ November 24 remarks on the their brief 21 years of independence, what we have learned so far about principles guiding relations between we reiterated the United States'non- ^ November 27 statement on con- new Soviet regulations, it appears participating Ambassador Robert H. recognition of the forcible incorpora- tacts on the basis of family ties that Soviet authorities may issue Fro wick: tion of the Baltic republics into the delivered by Ambassador Samuel G. regulations, it appears that Soviet Soviet Union. Principle Eight is Wise in subsidiary working body authorities may issue decisions more The dedicated groups of indivi- violated not only with armies, but quickly, but no Soviet spokesman, duals in the East who took their with prison keys. Those in Ukraine, neither here nor elsewhere, has given leaders4 signatures in Helsinki in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and else- The relationships between the us any reason to believe that they will 1975 as a genuine commitment were where, who peacefully advocate self- United States and Eastern European issue more positive decisions. also not naive, just willing to take determination for their peoples, as countries are not only political, but risks. Those who simply demanded provided for in the Soviet Constitu- familiar as well. Over 20 million that their governments stand by the tion as well as the Final Act, are Americans trace their origin to principles they had signed were treated to harsh prison sentences. Eastern Europe, 5 million of them to I have briefly discussed problems repaid with arrest, imprisonment and lands now part of the Soviet Union. regarding family visits from Eastern exile: the Helsinki monitors in the Principle IX goes to the very heart Many families maintain strong Europe to the United States, and Soviet Union (here 1 must note of the Helsinki process, cooperation family networks despite the disrup- now turn to difficulties encountered tomorrow's 10th anniversary of the among states. We must discuss here tion of the second world war and the by U.S. citizens visiting their families founding of the Lithuanian топі- in Vienna how to improve our co- constant migration of peoples that in the Soviet Union. Because my tors` group), the Charter 77 move- operation not only on recurring has marked Europe both before and government does not monitor the ment in Czechoslovakia, KOR in issues, but also in emergency situa- since the war. Ukrainians, Russians, foreign travel of our citizens, we have Poland, and countless others whose tions. Adherence to this principle Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, only estimates regarding visits made efforts were halted before the world would have prevented the situation Jews, Poles, Hungarians, Ruma- by U.S. citizens to visit relatives in even learned their names. that arose earlier this year, when nians, and others maintain ties with the Soviet Union. The estimates we Europe's people. East and West, parents, children, brothers and sisters do have, however, indicate that over remained uninformed for much too in Europe. What concept is more all more than 50,000 Americans long about vital details of the Chor- fundamental to all cultures than that visited the USSR in 1985, and an Principle VIII affirms the equal nobyl accident for several crucial cluster of emotional bonds we ex- average of about 35,000 in the three rights and self-determination of days following the accident. press in the single word "family"? years preceding. Among these are peoples. Unfortunately, as George One would think that no government many Americans with relatives in the Orwell wrote in a book unavailable ^ November 26 remarks by Am- would stand in the way of the main- Soviet Union. These visitors are in the East, some animals are more bassador Samuel G. Wise to subsi- tenance and nurturing of such bonds. strongly discouraged by Soviet au- equal than others. No violation of the diary working body "H" regarding Sadly, this is not the case. thorities from staying with their Helsinki principles is more visible religious contacts among religious Soviet relatives in their homes. Ap- than the presence of 120,000 Soviet believers, faiths, institutions and Eleven years after signing the plications for such private visitors' troops in Afghanistan, an агдгу , organizations: Helsinki Final Act, few Soviet citi- visas are told it can take four months determined to crush national aspira- zens are granted permission to visit or more to process their applications tions of the Afghan people to regain For members of the Ukrainian relatives in the United States —- or are denied completely. They are their independence. This is an ex- Catholic (Uniate) faith or Rumanian about 1,600 a year. Even in 1979, the encouraged instead to seek tourist ample of contemporary imperialism. Uniate faith, contacts with co-reli- peak year, only about 2,300 Soviet visas and to sign up for expensive We support the Afghan people in gionists are particularly difficult, citizens were permitted to visit their tours at which they can meet with their long and bitter struggle. We since the governments in those areas U.S. relatives, a mere trickle corn- relatives only at one or two points note that the current pathos of have outlawed those religious deno- pared to the millions of Soviet along their journey. Often, the Soviet Afghanistan is part of a continuum minations. citizens with relatives in the United relative is forced to travel to one of of Soviet policy of armed interven- States. Obtaining permission to the 80 designated tour cities, some- tion that extends back through the travel for a family visit is a lengthy, times daily, to meet the U.S. rela- events in Eastern Europe which I costly and arbitrary procedure, tives. Such arbitrary and unfeeling mentioned in my right of reply on Mr. Chairman, in two years, the deliberately designed to discourage restrictions by Soviet authorities November 21, to the forced annexa- Soviet Union will celebrate the applicants. Applications are denied often preclude the opportunity to tion of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia millennium of the acceptance of for a variety of reasons, including the visit places of family significance, in 1940. Regrettably, once Soviet Christianity by the Peoples of Kievan simple justification, 44he journey is such as the homes of relatives, an hegemony has been established in Rus'. The importance of this event to not advisable." It is extremely rare ancestral village or gravesite.

other Ukrainian cities are checked U.S. papers... three times for nuclear radiation LETTER TO THE EDITOR (Continued from page 3) before being put on the market, and possibility that the water may be one last time before it is offered for barred for public consumption some- sale, according to Mr. Romanenko. 'Harvest of Sorrow': bookshelves gathering dust in each one time in the future. All of the 90,000 Ukrainian eva- of our homes. If only half the members Radiation levels are still 0.4 milli- cuees receive special shipments of we can do better of all of the Ukrainian fraternal organi- roentgens per hour in some parts of produce and other foods from other zations bought a copy, there would be Kiev, twice the background level parts of the country, specially check- Dear Editor: some 55,000 books sold. Last month I put down my copy of before the accident, Mr. Lee report- ed for radiation. "The Harvest of Sorrow"at this point ed. The radiation level will not return Measures other than those men- Robert Conquest's magnificent treatise "The Harvest of Sorrow," having in history may eclipse even the "Kobzar to its former level until next May. tioned are also being taken to com- in terms of relevance and purpose. And A two-day trip by Western corres- pensate evacuees from damages finished reading it in several marathon sessions. I thought everyone was doing yet we take some ecstatic, almost pondents in the area confirmed that suffered at Chornobyl and protect perverse, pride in the fact that the full-scale decontamination measures their health, Mr. Romanenko said. the same thing. And now comes your recent absolu- Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute and restrictions are still under way, Among those are: has sold "over 100" copies. according to the Post and the Times. + Those who showed any signs of tely embarrassing story (November 16) "At eight entrance points to Kiev, illness receive complete check-ups proclaiming that the total printing of Have we lost all sense of perspective? the Ukrainian capital of 2.5 million every month. Those who showed this unequalled eye-opening piece of By my totally unscientific calculations, people, workers use a dosimeter to good health in early exams will be scholarship is approaching its 12,000th there should be at least 100,000 copies measure radiation on vehicles. Cars rechecked every six months. Chil- copy. sold. At under $20 the book is not only an and trucks with more than .02 milli- dren with high temperatures or Is that all, I ask? Can we really be educational gift, but it's also an in- roentgens per hour are turned back illness are hospitalized. proud of that figure? Consider some surance policy with respect to our for washing," Mr. Lee wrote. џ Evacuees received special vou- facts. There are some 1,500 colleges and rightful plade in history. Make that Although the streets cannot be chers for vacation in Soviet sanita- universities and some 27,000 high 200ДЮ0 copies —` buy one for a friend. washed with water because of the riums and resort areas. schools in the U.S. Add to that some And, with all due respect to HURI, buy cold weather in Kiev, both news- ^ Those suffering from psycholo- 22,000 public and private libraries not it from your local bookstore. Have papers reported, fall leaves have been gical trauma, including some of the affiliated with a college. Add another them order several copies — buy two buried in nuclear waster dumps and workers at the nuclear site, received 5,000 for the same categories in Canada. and the others will be picked up by the city streets are being vacuumed to special treatment to relieve tension, That alone provides for some 55,000 everyday browsers. keep them free pi radioactive dust. including massages, or relaxation in repositories for that most important Produce and meat in Kiev and in specially designed rooms, _, book.; .'( ` ',''' .')"..-i' Andrew Fylypovych And І haven't even mentioned the Willow Grove, Pa. No. 51 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986

BOOK REVIEW

predicts that the author's use of his language will continue to attract researchers in "Das Ihorlied": a noteworthy contributionth e future because its richness presents a fascinating as well as sophisticated series Das Ihorlied, Heldenepos der Kyjiver Literatur des 12. Jahrhunderts. Ed. and of problems. trans. Sviatoslav Hordynsky. Munich: Ukrainian Free University, 1985. 94 pp. The problem of the epic's rhythm enjoys in this edition a new and serious consideration. Mr. Hordynsky is very much against foreign influences in this field, by Dr. Wolodymyr T. Zyla maintaining that there is no foundation for them. On the contrary, there is a great resemblance to the rhythm of the later Kozak dumy (epic songs). ТЋі$ idea Among the works of art which have originated with the Ukrainian scholar M. Maksymovych in 1836-1837 and was received the attention of a large number supported later, in the 1840s, by the Russian critic V. Belinskij. of translators, investigators and anno- About 1870, another Ukrainian scholar, Pavlo Zhyteckyj, considered "Das tators since 1800 is "Das Ihorlied" Ihorlied" meterless, like the dumy. In his opinion, each line, irrespective of the (known in English as "The Tale of Igor's number of syllables, forms a unit with its own stresses. He particularly emphasized Campaign"). This epic has an immense the recitative character of the dumy. In 1921 Filaret Kolessa concluded that "Das amount of scholarly, critical and ex- Ihorlied" has a free recitative form. This is the oldest form of Ukrainian poetry and planatory literature. It is a masterpiece is proper to songs of lament and to dumy. and as such it is read and studied Mr. Hordynsky offers considerable information on Ukrainian scholarship of , alongside such works as "The Iliad," "Das Ihorlied" and lists all of its outstanding editions. The German translation of "The Odyssey," "The Poem of The the epic itself is good enough and simple enough to speak for itself. Let us cite a Cid," "The Song of Roland," "Beo- short passage to get the flavor, followed by the English translation (Robert C. wulf," "The Lusiads"and "The Nibelun- Howes) and the original (in transliteration). genlied." Vsevolod, wiitender Ur! Most of scholars who have studied it, Du stehst im Gefecht, however, have treated it simply as a bespriihst die Krieger mit Pfeilen, "Russian epic," despite the fact that the auf die Helme donnerst du language used is 12th-century Ukrai- mit deinen stahlernen Klingen! nian, not Russian. Some words and phrases can be traced still today in О Wild Ox Vsevolod! various Ukrainian dialects that have not You stand ahead of all, undergone as thorough an evolutionary Flinging arrows at the enemy, change as has the modern Ukrainian Striking their helmets with your kharalug swords. literary language. In view of the large amount of previous scholarship, it might at first seem Yar ture Vsevolode, surprising if this German edition of "Das Ihorlied" were to offer much that is new, stoishy na boroni, yet it does so. Sviatoslav Hordynsky has rendered a significant service by pryshchesy na voi strilamy, assembling in this volume, in addition to the opinions already known in the hremleshy о shelomy Western world, Ukrainian scholarly findings. These not only provide additional mechi kharaluzhnymy! insightful analysis of the poem but also demonstrate, indisputably, its basis in Ukrainian folklore. Although neither translation maintains the traditional seven-syllable line, the Mr. Hordynsky's treatment of his subject is marked by thoughtfulness, common German is much closer to the original, rhythmically and in its composition, than the sense, and the specific inclusiveness which has come to characterize his work in English. Hordynsky's notes, one must add, are very valuable and original. They general. He himself is a very versatile man — poet, translator, literary critic, a should adequately serve the German reader. The edition is also provided with a х т master of graphic arts. He has painted many Ukrainian churches — in the United table on the genealogy of the princes of Шх% : ' ? г^ г^чіл г r^,. І J States, Canada, Germany and Italy — and has exerted an extraordinary influence This German edition has been published by the Ukrainian Free University in its on research and development in the field of Ukrainian iconography. monograph series as Vol. No. 39. The volume is beautifully illustrated with two His present work consists of five parts: (1) an introduction; (2) a long essay titled memorable pictures — Prince Ihor's Campaign and The Battle with the Cumans — " 'Das Ihorlied' as a Literary Monument" (and containing the following sub- by the late Petro Andrusiv, a master of historical painting. It contains also a divisions: the history of the epic, its author, the historical background of the epic, its number of outstanding smaller illustrations by the late Jacques Hnizdovsky. language and poetic structure, the rhythm of the epic, "Das Ihorlied" in Ukraine Last, but certainly not least, special mention must be made of Lidia and in the world); (3) the translation of "Das Ihorlied;" (4) remarks; (5) a selected Kaczurowskyj-Kriukow's invaluable contribution in assisting with the translation bibliography. of the epic itself and in translation, herself, the balance of the book from Mr. As one would expect of him, Mr. Hordynsky has painstakingly gone through Hordynsky's original Ukrainian into easily readable German. hundreds of other studies and given us an extensive overview of trends concerning The volume, as a whole, is an important contribution, both as literary science and the poem. He has also provided us with concrete insights into those specific as criticism. Mr. Hordynsky and Ms. Kaczurowskyj-Kriukow are to be passages and episodes which he sees as crucial to understanding its origin. congratulated on having carried out more than credibly a labor which might well The unknown author, Mr. Hordynsky holds, was a bookish person familiar with have been thought to lie beyond the power of the two persons. This work is rich in the poetic resources then prevailing in the literature of the Kievan Rus' (which in no facts and in ideas and will benefit both the scholar and the general reader. way means Russia). This person, above all, was a fervent patriot — we may The book is available from the publisher, the Ukrainian Free University in accurately call him a Kievan state patriot. He was a Christian who nevertheless did Munich, or from the Svoboda Book Store, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ. not spurn any pagan element that might intensify his poetic vein. Mr. Hordynsky 07302, for $8 (postage included). Gospel are not the center and standard for the Divine Liturgy of Christmas His Kingdom there shall be no end." Open your hearts... of our daily lives, we propagate the Day). This Boy Child of Mary is the The Babe of Bethlehem, the Lord of (Continued from page 1) same teaching as the Communists same one we profess in the Creed: "He which is "we do not need God in our shall come again in glory to judge the History, asks us again on this Christmas coming of that peace and refreshment lives!" If we do hot daily renew our faith living and the dead." On this Christmas Day 1986 to open our hearts and lives to promised by the Lord Jesus, announced in the Baby of Bethlehem, the Lord of Christ comes to each and every one of Him. My prayer for all of you today is by the light of the Christmas Star, to our humanity and history, then our Ukrai- us. On this Christmas our Maker, the that the Lord may truly be born again in your lives; that Jesus, meek and humble ancestors. nian community in the free world Lord of history and humanity, comesjto of heart, give each and every one of you becomes in reality what our suffering us. How do we receive Him? As we prepare to celebrate the Mil- that peace and refreshment He promises lennium of Ukrainian Christianity, each motherland is officially: atheistic. to those who come and follow the Star. and every one of us must again accept Christ, taking on flesh nearly 2,000 On this Christmas our belief in Christ May the Babe of Bethlehem, the first Christ in our hearts and lives. To truly years ago, must be born into each and as the Lord of History again brings our Gift of the Father, bless you with all celebrate this great event, we must make every one of our hearts and lives daily. attention to Ukraine. In the Book of God's gifts. real in our lives what our godparents Christ, the Lord and King of all, must Revelation we read: "When the third stated for us at Baptism, and what some truly become the Lord and King of our angel blew his trumpet, a huge star "Your birth, Christ our God has of us have proclaimed at the Renewal of lives. We must reject the notion that burning like a torch crashed down from given light to the world. Those who Baptismal Vows ceremonies marking first captivated Adam and Eve, the the sky. It fell on a third of the rivers and worshipped stars were led by a star to the Millennium: we accept the Light of temptation of Satan, today called springs. The star's name was 'worm- worship you, the Sun of justice and to Christ and reject the darkness of Satan secular humanism, "you do not need wood' because a third part of all the know you, the Dawn from heaven. and sin. We accept Christ and His God in your lives." In reality, Christ water turned to wormwood. Many Glory be to you, О Lord!" (Тѓораѓ of Gospel commandments as the norm alone can give meaning, hope, peace people died from this polluted water." the Nativity of Our Lord God and and standard that bring light to our and refreshment to our lives. On this (REV. 8:10). In the Savior Jesus Christ according to the daily lives. We reject Satan and the Christmas Day we are called to realize the word for "wormwood" is "chor- Flesh). darkness of sin in all its forms. We that this Babe, sung in carols and the nobyl." The disaster of Chornobyl is a accept Christ and reject the subtle Holy Liturgy, is the mighty Son of God call to our Christian conscience on two Philadelphia seduction of secular humanism which come to reclaim His own: "The Lord counts: firstly we are called to do all in Feast of our Holy Father Nicholas, the 4 tells us that we do not need God. Unless said to my Lord: Sit at my right hand our power to alleviate the ongoing Wonderworker, December 6. each of us strives to make the renewal of till I make your enemies your foot- suffering of those innocent people; and commitment of our daily lives to Christ stool.' The scepter of your power the secondly, we are called to live our lives † Stephen real, any celebration of the Millennium Lord will stretch forth from Zion: 'Rule in the realization that there is a God Archbishop of Philadelphia will lack meaning and value. If Christ in the midst of your enemies" (PS 1-Ю: 1- who rules the lives of individuals, Metropolitan for Ukrainian and the way of life set forth in the 3, verses of the Processional Antiphon nations, and all of humanity, and "of Catholics in the U.S.A. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986 No. 51

last week to discuss improving diploma- Ш^^^^^^#^^^^^^^^^^^^і^^^ Polish dissident.. tic and economic relations between (Continued from page 2) that nation and the United States. Reuters he had appealed to the interior After martial law was imposed by minister, Czeslaw Kiszczak, and that Polish leader Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelsk^ Mr. Kiszczak had received him and his in 1981, the terms of both countries' wife at his office on December 3. ambassadors were allowed to expire. The report said that after a brief and Diplomatic relations have been main- courteous conversation, Mr. Kiszczak tained at the charge d'affaires level. Wishing You ordered passports for the Moczulskisto Prior to the politicians'intervention, MERRY CHRISTMAS, HAPPY NEW YEAR be issued within two days. the authorities withheld the passport British Member of Parliament Sir despite repeated appeals. When Mr. AND A WARM HOLIDAY SEASON Bernard Braine reportedly went to Moczulski went to the police on No- Poland on December 1 to meet with vember 24 to pick up his passport the government officials and intervene authorities told him that his travel DR. IHOR and ALEXANDRA SAWCZUK personally in behalf of Mr. Moczulski. abroad would present "a great risk to with Alexander, Markian and Lara Word of Sir Braine's trip was received the interests of the People's Republic of from Prof. Edward Szezepanik, prime Poland" and so could not be allowed, minister of the Polish government in Mr. Moczulski has to seek treatment №#Ї$їЎ№^ exile in London, and relayed to The for his heart condition outside Poland, Ukrainian Weekly on December 7 by because only two hospitals in Poland Polish opposition sources in New York. are able to perform such an operation — the Interior Ministry clinic in Warsaw DR. and MRS. WALTER BARON The sources said that Thomas Si- WISH EVERYONE A JOYOUS CHRISTMAS AND MANY BLESSINGS and another government clinic in near- mons, a U.S. deputy assistant secretary by Anin — and both are reserved for FOR A HAPPY AND HEALTYNEW YEAR of state, also intervened in behalf of Mr. ? m government and party officials and Moczulski, Mr. Simons was in Poland their families. З нагоди Світлого Празника The KPN leader, who was one of the РІЗДВА ХРИСТОВОГО ВЕСЕЛИХ свят longest-serving political prisoners in усім нашим Рідним, Приятелям і Пацієнтам ТА Poland before his release during a бажаємо ЩАСЛИВОГО НОВОГО РОКУ general amnesty in September, ex- Радісних і Ласкиповних Свят БАЖАЄ perienced a drastic decline in health та ФУНДАЦІЯ during his stay in prison. УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ВІЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ However, for a long period he did not Щасливого Нового Року! receive any medical treatment from the Д-р і П-ні ВАЛТЕР БАРОН prison authorities, according to emigre sources. He was admitted to a AMERICAN UKRAINIAN DENTIST prison hospital only after suffering 119 East 10th Street New York, N.Y. several heart attacks and after protests By appointment. (212) 4773016 were mounted by his wife and promi- nent people in the West.

Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to Family, Friends and Patients DR. OMELAN and ERIKA KOTSOPEY CHRISTMAS 1106 South Broad Street, Trenton, NJ. 08611 and Tel.: (609) 393-6891 Mernj (ISrishnas and a NEW YEAR GREETINGS $арРЧ $cu)1gear to All Our Friends Our sincere wishes for toyous and traditional Ukrainian Free University Foundation, Inc. MARYfc MARK Christmas Holiday DUSHNYCK for all members their families and friends 4k of the Ukrainian Institute of America, Inc. ХРИСТОСРОЖДАЄТЬСЯ! СЛАВІТЕ ЙОГО' Board of Directors of UIA To all our Members and Friends we extend greetings tor u a Merry Christmas f ^^ and a Happy New Year І Board of Directors % j} "SELF RELIANCE' (J.C.) Federal Credit Union І UKRAINIAN SELFRELIANCE FEDERAL CREDIT 558 Summit Avenue, Jersey City, N.J. 07306. Tel.: (201) 795-4061 j UNION of GREATER DETROIT Open Mon.-Fri. 6 to 8 p.m., Sat. 10 to 12 a.m. Branch: 981% So. Broad Street, Trenton, N.J. Tel.: (609) 695-1043 'і wishes the Ukrainian Community і Щ A Very Merry Christmas and a Happy Prosperous New Year J WE URGE NON-MEMBERS TO JOIN AND ENJOY SOUND FINANCIAL BENEFITS AND SERVICES,. і High quarterly dividends on savings accounts mfimmww#m і Lower than commercial rates on all loans і Free life insurance on savings — up to $2000 PETER JAREMA FUNERAL HOME, INC. І і Long term mortgage and home improvement loans _ Student loans guaranteed by the State of Michigan Ђ ш Free life insurance on all consumer loans — up to $10,000 Merry Christmas and Happy New Year Ђ ш Direct deposits of Social Security and other federal checks from the Jarema Funeral Home Ђ ш Individual retirement accounts I Convenient locations and hours of business Son PETER and EMPLOYEES % ш Assets over 43 million dollars 129 East 7th Street New York. N.Y. 10009 J Join us today , Call (313) 756-3300 for details J No. 51 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986 9

nearby post office she has to take her by the Russians and Russia. Tallinn, with its well-preserved medie- Estonians fear... little grandson along to translate for her Prof. Tagapere suggested that Mos- val German architecture and Scandina- (Continued from page 2) into Russian, because the office workers cow is using the need for manpower in vian-style cafes, restaurants and night "to create a Russian-speaking popula- do not sneak Estonian. connection with this project as an ex- clubs, gives the impression of "a West tion zone where there are still Estonian A case in point is Karl Vaino, general cuse to send more Russians into Estonia. European city and makes it difficult to speaking towns and villages" by way of secretary of the Communist Party of Estonia's outstanding record in ful- believe it is part of the Soviet Union." "industrialization and colonization." Estonia (CPE). The only thing Estonian filling the goals of the five-year-plan is A major influence on Estonian life- This zone would embrace at least about him is his name. His command of another reason why Moscow thinks style comes from Finland. Thousands three-fifths of the population on Esto- the language is reportedly poor and he that it is more profitable to invest there. of tourists cross the 50 miles from nian territory, they said. delivers" all his speeches in Russian. According to the letter from the Helsinki by ferry every week and almost The Russification program began The second secretary of the CPE is scientists, "Estonia belongs to the top all Tallinn residents can pick up Finnish immediately after the country was Russian, as are all other key members of three among the union republics" in television. The relationship with Fin- forcibly annexed in 1940 by the Soviets. the party leadership as well as more fulfilling the goals of the five-year-plan land is aided by the fact that the More than 100,000 Estonians were than 50 percent of its membership. because of their "higher level of work Estonian and Finnish languages are arrested, murdered or deported in the Rein Tagepera, professor of social ethnics and assiduity." related. annexation process and during the early science and chairman of the Program in Estonia and Latvia, in particular, For Russians, therefore, who make years of Soviet rule. Politics and Society at the University of have inherited the Protestant work up the vast majority of the immigrants, According to the scholars, the pro- California, told The Ukrainian Weekly ethic during their historic German the tiny republic opposite Finland and gram is aimed at a "total control by the that the Russians did not come to occupation, which made the two re- Sweden has long been viewed as a "little Russians of the bigger populated areas Estonia to satisfy only the need for man- publics renowned for their efficiency. piece of the West" where they can enjoy in northern Estonia by the end of this power in the quickly developing post- The speed with which both countries an easier and more relaxed life. century." war industrialization of the country. were rebuilt from the rubble of the war Pride in Estonian culture and fear of They said the area stretching from the Their ultimate goal was to run the is testimony to this. being Russified are the most common city of Narva up to the town of Kohtla- country, he said. "The problem now is that managers topics when local inhabitants meet Jarve as well as the coastal settlements Commenting on the plans to build the in Moscow think that a factory sited in foreigners, a visitor of the country Sillamae Kunda and Loksa are "totally harbor and mine in Estonia, Prof. Taga- Estonia has more chance of being a reported recently. or to a large part Russified." pere suggested that Moscow was not only success than one somewhere in Russia," This reflects the fierce national According to Radio Free Europe motivated by economic necessities in a young office worker recently told a awareness of a people who have been (RFE) research from 1979 the number chosing the sides for the new harbor and Western reporter in Tallinn. subject to countless foreign conquests of Estonians living in Narva (with a mining. "But by encouraging more and more and now fear that one day they will population of 72,783) is 4.9 percent, in From the economic point of view it outsiders to come here they are gra- become a minority in their own re- Sillamae (16,157 inhabitants) 4.3 per- would have been probably as beneficial dually destroying the character of the public. if not more profitable to build the oil cent and in Kohtla-Jarve (with a popu- place and local attitudes — killing the ( RECEPTI0NIST7SECRETARY П lation of 72,699) 26.4 percent, but these harbor in Kaliningrad, in former East goose that lays the golden eggs." Prussia. for medical office in suburban Essex numbers are seven years old and likely to Another phenomenon that made County. 3 or more days per week. Must be have declined even further. Also, he said that there are similar Estonia a powerful magnet for settlers a good typist and have a good command of The scientists said that the center of findings of oil-shale and phosphorus in from across its eastern borders is its ties English. Knowledge of Ukrainian helpful. the region of Leningrad bordering east to the West. Please call after 5 p.m. the Estonian-speaking population zone (201) 374-3838 _J between Kohtla-Jarve and the "fast with Estonia which could be exploited Visitors of the country said that Russifying" capital city of Tallinn is Rakvere and the district of Lahemaa. According to the RFE research, 77.8 Best Gift for I percent of Rakvere's 14,550 inhabitants St Nicholas Day and Christmas! were Estonians (in 1979). But Rakvere's influence as an Esto- nian language center is diminished due to the high percentage of Russian- ENCYCLOPEDIA OF UKRAINE speaking railway men living in Тара, a town close to Rakvere, and a "Russian Edited by Volodjmyr Kubijovyc garrison" that is located in the same town, the scientist said. In 1979, Тара had a population of VOLUME I (A-F): First of Four Volumes 10,851 with 43.7 percent being Esto- nians, according to the RFE study. These SI 15.00 + shipping 8L handling S4.50 figures do not include military per- sonnel. First volume of a major work of Ukrainian scholarship in the diaspora In anticipation of the construction of the phosphorus mine near Toolse, 968 pages containing app roximately 2,800 entries Moscow is planning "to build a new city with 20,000 inhabitans near Rakvere," Illustrated Ihroughout the scientists said. Over 450 illustrations in black and white; 5 color plates They said they fear that this new 83'maps, 6 of them in color settlement — in addition to the already heavily Russified towns Kallavere, east Large color fold-out map of Ukraine with 22-page gazetteer bound separately in same of Tallinn with 10,000 inhabitants, and binding as book. Muuga, the harbor town, with 20,000 inhabitants — will decisively contribute ORDI R NOW AM) SIM) Л CHI CK MR $119 50 !o to the absorption of Rakvere and the district of Lahemaa into the "Russian- SVOBODA BOOK STORE щ speaking population zone" in northern 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, XJ. 07302 Estonia. New Jersey residents add 6% sales tax For Moscow, the ideological role of the training is to .' instill a love for the "motherland" in the non-Russian Soviet republics. It is also a means to advance "political educa- tion," as students can read the works of Lenin and other Communist authors in I fcg^ra^ CELEBRATE THE NEW YEAR I the original language. For the Estonians their language is Џ 25Є2і_^Ж at SOYUZIVKA II the key to maintain their cultural and m Wednesday, December 31,1986 ei, wwiwtmvi national identity. m Estonians are concerned, according :;U? џІ to the JBANC study, that "Russian Ш NEW YEARS EVE Щ becomes the public language" in their ЯК у о r # -і The New Year's—1 day — room u meals $48.00 ЯК country because of the pressure on M otA Ї 2davsormore 40.00 M Estonians to speak Russian. Џ- 8-Ю-Dinner UNA members 10% discount Jj The JBANC study said that in 10 ? DANCE Tallinn the majority of workers and Ш " "" New Year's Eve $25.00 plus tax ft tips Ш management personnel are Russian, %$. Music provided !jjt? causing the language of business and Щ by Alex St Dorko Orchestra New Year's Eve — coctail ft dinner $40.00 by reservations only Щ public life to be mostly Russian. $і Special rates available! Contact management for details. ?A In Estonia stories are circulating like У UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION ESTATE У the one about the grandmother who У Foordmore Road, Kerhonkson, N.Y. " Tel.: (914) 626-5641 M wants to send a telegram to her sister. In , , O{der tq send thejelegr^m pff,from the ю THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY; OECEMBER 21,1986 No. 51

East European... The Ukrainian community in Canada in following the rules of criminal t Ukrainianfc are not the only Cana- would be ''averse'' to a Nazi-hunting evidence that one requires" in dealing dians opposed to the creation of an (Continued from page 3) unit in Canada, said Dr. Dmytrq Cipy- with war criminals.-"! think the OS) OSI-type body in Canada. A coalition One of the most outspoken critics of wnyk, president of the Ukrainian Com- approach to dealing with this problem of East European and Baltic groups the Deschenes Commission is Edmon- mittee. "if a unit has to be established to lends itself to all kinds of abuses," Dr. came together at the October congress ton Mayor Laurence Decore. who said focus on this issue, certainly an RCMP Cipywnyk said in a telephone interview of the Ukrainian Canadian Committee in a telephone interview that the Mul- unit could be established." from Saskatoon, to voice their fears over such a move, u roney government committed a serious The president of the Winnipeg-based The "least irritating" method of Ukrainian leaders say. mi: take" in setting up the inquiry. "The umbrella organization of Ukrainian dealing with the presence of war cri- Said Ron Vastokas, a professor of Deschenes Commission," Mr. Decore Canadians emphasized that all war minals in Canada, Dr. Cipywnyk said, anthropology at Trent University who said, "is a witch hunt and allowed some criminals in Canada should be brought is allowing war criminals to be tried in fs of Lithuanian origin, "The only thing of the loonies in our country to magnify to justice, and "not only certain war Canada. an OS1 would do is fuel the ethnic this thing out of proportion." criminals that are concern to one Relations between ethnocultural tensions that already exist in Canada. The thought of creating an OSl-type particular group." communities in Canada have been "very As far as East European groups are unit in Canada is "goofey and would There are several problems with the significantly disturbed" by the Des- concerned, they would like to see a only perpetuate the absurdity that there OSI's approach in dealing with war chenes Commission, Dr. Cipywnyk much more even-handed approach. are thousands of war criminals in criminals. Dr. Cipywnyk said, not least said. There's a tremendous amount of Any body that would be set up would be Canada," Mr. Decore added. of which is the "far too casual approach anxiety and concern. There's a feeling limited by the Deschenes Commission that this really didn't need to happen." mandate." WANTED WANTED Just in time for Christmas UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION seeks THE PERFECT GIFT

DIRECTOR of FRATERNAL ACTIVITIES f GOLD TRIDENT

College graduate willing to learn about fraternalism. Must enjoy working 5 #'Jr) vith people. Knowledge of Ukrainian and English required. Willing to ^y JEWELRY ravel and work weekends occasionally. Send resume to: s_4^—' from JOHN 0. FLIS, Supreme President Ukrainian National Association EMBLEMS OF THE WORLD 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302 Ventnor, N.J. 08406 (201)451-2200 S P.O. Box 2224 Send for free brochure.

Ukrainian National Association HOLIDAY SEASON { SEEKS TO HIRE at SOYUZIVKA I Experienced INSURANCE AGENTS or GENERAL AGENTS Весел'их Свят Wednesday, December 24,1986 — fluent in Ukrainian and English: for Chicago, New York, Toronto, Philadelpia, New Jersey, HOLY SUPPER Up-state New York and New England areas — including the traditional 12 courses to build and direct agent systems in region. of the Ukrainian Christmas meal. Leads supplied — salary not draw — plus override — ail benefits. During and after Supper — Caroling Write or telephone: H.P. Floyd, National Sales Director Ukrainian National Association, Inc. Tuesday, January 6, 1987 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07302 Tel.: (201) 451-2200 CHRISTMAS SUPPER CHRISTMAS SPIRIT and CAROLS " This is the ideal way to give the Merry Christmas housewives a Christmas treat! , NOTICE To UNA Members and Branches

Members and Branches of the Ukrainian National As- sociation are hereby notified that with the ending of its fiscal year the Home office of UNA must close its accounts and deposit in banks all money received from СОЮЗІВКА SOYUZIVKA Branches. Різдвяне меню Christmas Dinner 1. Лросфора 1. Prosphora 2. Борщ з вушками 2. Borshch with dumplings No Later Than Noon 3. Картопляники з грибовим.сосом 3. Kartoplyanyky wirh mushroom sauce 4. Варений короп в ґаляреті 4. Boiled, carp in gelatin of December 31, 1986 5. Голубці з грибами 5. Holubtsi with mushrooms 6. Вареники з картоплею 6. Varenyky with potatoes 'І. Вареники з капустою 7. Varenyky with cabbage Money received later cannot be credited to 1986. ;8. Галушки зі сливами 8. Prune dumplings 9 Смажена риба з хріновим сосом 9. Filet of sole with horseradish sauce Therefore we appeal to all members of the UNA to pay 10. Яблучний пиріг 10. Apple strudel their dues this month as soon as possible and all Branches 11. Компот з овочів 11. Fruit compote to remit their accounts and money in time to be received З 2. Кутя з медом і маком 12. Kutya (whole wheat with honey and poppy-seeds) by the Home Office no later than noon of WEDNESDAY DECEMBER 31, 1936,: Чай - Кава Coffe-Tea Notice is hereby given that Branches which send their dues late will be shown as delinquent and in arrears on the I UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION ESTATE annual report. I Kertionkson. N.Y. m Tel.: (914)626-5641

SSS^SSSS^bS^ No. 51 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21,1986 11

r Union in 1988, all the signs are that th$ he is.firstiiftyit^^ willingness to compromise on this issue, Soviet religious... differences between Moscow and the communities in Lithuania and Ukraine. the Vatican is in effect being called upon^ (Continued from page 2) Kremlin are still too great for such a The major stumbling block remains to sacrifice the Ukrainian Catholics ііг`"Н population and to generate interest in momentous trip to take place. The ! the pope's commitment to the Catholic return for vyhat wqujd fc^ a historical religion amongihe indifferent section of Vatican's own peace campaigri, and communities in ihb USSR's western breakthrough Given Pope John Paul young people Ind the.intelligentsia; to especially its newly adopted stance on ' borderlands, especially the Ukrainian II's record so far, this would appear „to unite under cover of religion, cfiscon- the non-militarization of outer space, Uniat,es. With neither the Kremlin nor be an unacceptable price for the Vatican ! tented anti-Soviet elements, who have may indeed have made the prospect of a the Moscow Patriarchate shbwing any to `рауд . ``- '; "";; " found refuge abroad; to secure through meeting in the Vatican in the near future the use of religious paraphernalia a between Pope John Paul II and Mr. channel for bourgeois ideological pdle- Gorbachev mofe attractive for the tration of our country; to revive Шіа-П Kremlin. But such a meeting would not МАК№ tism and foment nationalist sentihlent.,, in any case necessarily entail all the complications that a visit by the pope of STORE 4 SHOP the USSR wouW. 996 Stuyvesant Ave., (Corner of Моѓѓї$ Ave.), Union, NJ. 07083 Conclusion (201)6861931 For all the growing speculation about In fact, on November 19, the pope a possible papal visit to the Soviet flatly ruled out visiting the USSR vr'zss ; On wide variety of beautiful chains imported from Italy (14'-and 18 carat) і watches. Also large selection of- earrings and many other items at discount І ` prices. , ' . ! " Engagetnefflrings^^ fc Г8 K - NOTICE TO PUBLISHERS I " A large selection of jewelry made of 14 and 18 carat gold, silver and enamel, crafted ( to your specifications or in our own designs. I m Ukrainian tryzubs (tridents) in various styles and sizes. AND AUTHORS = m Bulk orders are accepted IrdrHjshops as^well as individuals A churches. ! W Visa, Mastercard Ќ American Express accepted It is The Ukrainian Weekly's policy to run news items and I or reviews of newly published books, booklets and reprints, as щеІІ as records Open: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday — 10-6 o'clock. Thursday fc Friday — 10-8:30 p.m. and premiere issues of periodicals, only after receipt by the editorial V .?.'% Л Saturday--Д0-5:00 p.m. offices of a copy of the material in question. I^o^, News items sent without д copy- of the new release will not be published. ;i - Send new releases and information (where publication may be pur- chased, cost, etc.) to: The Editor, The Ukrainian Weekly, 30 Montgo- f '; Best Gift for I mery St, Jersey City, N.J. 07302. I St. Nicholas Day and Christmas! I

N ОТICE TO UNA ! UKRAINE: Secretaries and Organizers I A CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA I Volume I and II The 1986 Membership Campaign ends December 31; I The First Volume: General Information, Physical f 1986 therefore we will accept applications of new % Geography and NaturaJ history, РориІаирљДШпо- fg members only to December 3:1 у 1986. % graphy, Ukrainian Language, , $ We urge you to make every effort to fulfill your quota I Ukrainian Culture, and- Ukrainian Literature^ I and mail in your applications early enough to reach the I Price: $75.00 .;;;гГ; I Home Office by December ЗІ,"1986. I The Second Volume: Law, The Ukrainian Church, I I Scholarship, Education and Schools, .Libraries,;Ar- % I chives, and Museums, Book Printing, Publishing and I ^ the Press, The Arts, Music and Choreography, I UNA HOME OFFICE I Theater and Cinema, National іЕсопряіу, ^^"` % ^ and Medical Services and Physical СйЌіїге, ^ med Forces, Ukrainians Abroad. I Price: $85.00 ####++#++####+++#+#+###—+++++#+##+++#. THE JOHN DEMJANJUK You can obtain both volumes DEFENSE FUND for only $140.00 Щж Including Postage. As we sit comfortably at home reading ORDER NOW this ad remember`. . . ONE UKRAINIAN CANNOT. Fill out the order blank below and mail it with As we reach out and turn off our light your check or money order. to sleep tonight remember . . . USE THIS COUPON! ONE UKRAINIAN CANNOT.

A BRIGHT LIGHT BURNS 24 HOURS A DAY, (To: UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION. Inc. in the cellof John Demjanjuk. 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City. N J. 07302 I hereby order Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia A BRIGHT LIGHT OF TRUTH BURNS Q Volume I S75.00 24 HOURS A DAY, Q Volume II $N5.00 in the heart of John Demjanjuk. Q Volumes І Ќ. II $140.00 ` '" A NATION IS QN TRIAL IN ISRAEL. Enclosed is (a check, M. 6.) for the amount $ Please send the book (s) to the following address: Prayers and financial support desperately needed. Please send your donations to: THE JOHN DEMJANJUK DEFENSE FUND

P.O.'Box 92819 Cleveland, Ohio 44192

This fund is run exclusively by the family of John Demianjuk.

^-r 'A i^k yxj#bf#? r.^^S? r^V VS? ?4S4 ^ IZSkJSZ Ђі%, ЬА ' V^,^ 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1986 No. 51

than 800 cases investigated by the Deschenes probe... commission will be described, although PREVIEW OF EVENTS (Continued from page 1) no names will be included, to protect the amending the Criminal Code to allow confidentiality of sources. December 21 Society building at 63 Fourth Ave. war criminals to be tried in Canada The other section of the report will be on December 28 at 1:30 - 4:30 p.m. according to Canadian rules of evi- marked confidential and will go to the SAN DIEGO: Ukrainian Ameri- The symposium on Ivan Franko will dence. Cabinet. It will include the names of cans, age 18 and up, who are in- be held at the Roosevelt Hotel, terested in playing volleyball on Judge Deschenes was appointed in suspects. Mr. Fortier said in an inter- Madison Avenue at 45th Street February 1985 to determine how many view that "every name that was com- Saturdays at 10 a.m. at the sand Lexington Suite, 3:15-5:15 p.m. courts of San Diego State University war criminals live in Canada, how they municated to the commission" was got here and what can be done to bring investigated by the probe. should contact Bill Loznycky at (619) December 31 452-9759. them to justice. Both Mr. Fortier and commission co- Judge Deschenes is expected to counsel Michael Meighen said in sepa- NEWARK, N.J.: The Ukrainian recommend in a confidential report to December 27-28 Athletic Association Chornomorska rate interviews that it will not be the Cabinet that the government take possible to identify the cases enume- Sitch and Sitch Foundation invite judicial action against more than a PHOENIX, Ariz.: Classes will members and friends to attend the rated in the public report. j continue in bandura on weekends dozen Canadian residents. He will also "If they (the cases described in the New Year's Party on December 31, recommend that the government con- with Roman Ritachka from the to be held at Holiday Inn of Somer- public report) are recognizable in any Ukrainian Bandurist Chorus. tinue investigations into more than 50 way, shape or form," Mr. Meighen said, ville, N.J., U.S. Route 22 (East- other cases. Classes include group and individual bound), Bridgewater, N.J., beginn- "that would fly in the face of everything In his first interview in recent months, lessons as well as lecture topics. Open ing at 8:30 p.m. Music will be pro- weVe been trying to do" to protect the Judge Deschenes said on December 10 to anyone interested in playing the vided by Bohdan Hirniak. Dona- confidentiality of suspects. he intends to hand the report over to the bandura. Levels of instruction are tions of $85 per couple will include a Interviews -indicate, however, that federal government before Christmas. beginner to advanced, age 5 to 65. full course dinner of prime rib and, some of the cases in the public report The judge said he could not confirm, New student enrollment for the next after midnight, a hot and cold could be easily identified with informa- however, whether the part of the report semester is open only until the New buffet. Reservations can be made for tion in the publicly distributed lists of that is intended for the public will Year. For information call Nadia tables of six, eight or 10 persons by suspects submitted to the commission definitely be released by the govern- Olesksyn-Taft at (602) 869-0924. calling the Holiday Inn, (201) 526- by such sources as the Simon Wiesen- ment. 9500. thal Center and the Soviet Embassy in "The public has a right to know what Ottawa. this commission of inquiry has been BUFFALO, N.Y.: Ridna Shkola Judge Deschenes admitted that it January 1 concerned with. I think the public is students will bring the vertep to might be possible to identify some of the entitled to know how many (suspected Buffalo area homes. For further cases listed in the public report. "It's PHILADELPHIA: The Ukrainian war criminals) there were, if any, and if 4 information contact Maria Petry- possible," said the judge. Tm not American String Band will appear in so, what is the position of each one of shyn at (716) 826-9378. the annual New Year's Day Parade perfect and no one on the commission them," the judge said in an interview in staff can pretend to be perfect. which goes up Broad Street. For his Montreal office. December 28-29 additional information call John "So we may have written the (public) Judge Deschenes is also said not to report in such a way that in certain Barylak at (215) 744-5738 or George have ruled out the option of negotiating NEW YORK: The philological sec- places it might be possible to identify Koresko at (215) 275-5157. treaties with Israel and the Soviet Union tion of the Shevchenko Scientific the cases." so that suspected Nazis can be deported Justice Minister Ramon Hnatyshyn Society, as part of the American ONGOING: to those countries for trial. I Association of Modern Languages4 refused to say whether he is concerned External Affairs Department offi- ff convention, will sponsor a speakers' FANWOOD, N.J.: The water- about some of the negative reactions cials say the current extradition treaty expected from members of Canada's II series on orthography and an Ivan colors of M. Nelly Gerus will be on between Canada and Israel only applies Ці Franko anniversary symposium. The exhibit through February 1987 at East European communities. The jus- to those criminals that have committed tice minister did admit, however,that he II symposium on orthography will be United National Bank, 45 Martin offenses after March 1967, the date the . Ц held at the Shevchenko Scientific Ave., Fanwood, N.J. received a lot of mail on the subject bilateral treaty came into force. from concerned constituents. Canada has had no formal extradi- Asked to predict whether the report Ratushynska... citizen the opportunity to realize his tion treaty with the Soviet Union, said will turn out to be a potentially expio- civil rights," she added. Jack Perry, head of the treaty section of (Continued from page 1) sive document, Mr. Meighen said: "You Ms. Ratushynska, hailed by collea- the External Affairs Department. means" visit the United States, Canada, can bet on that." The Toronto lawyer gues as one of the finest poets to emerge Another legal option that the judge is Australia, Norway, Holland and Swe- added: "It might please some and it in the Soviet Union in the last 20 years, said to have recommended is the amend- den, all of which have invited her. might not please others. I hope it serves was released from the KGB prison in ment of the Criminal Code so that The news came at the end of a week to establish the parameters of debate" Kiev on October 9, two days before the suspected Nazis can be tried in Canada on the issue of war criminals in Canada. that saw the Soviet Union defending its start of the superpower summit between according to Canadian rules of evi- human-rights records against scathing Judge Deschenes said that he was at President Reagan and General Secre- dence. times concerned about the heated attacks from the West. tary Gorbachev in Iceland. Proponents of the legal option say it The death of dissident writer Anatoly confrontations that took place between She had served more than three years would be one of the least controversial groups interested in the work of the Marchenko last week in a Soviet prison methods for dealing with warcriminals. brought a stinging attack on the Soviet of a 12-year sentence for anti-Soviet commission. When asked to confirm whether the system from President Ronald Reagan. agitation. The release of the report will mark the report identifies an amendment to the Word that Ms. Ratushynska could Ms. Ratushynska was arrested on end of a public inquiry that has had to Criminal Code as one of the legal leave raised hopes that other jailed September 17, 1983 — and given the go to the government for an extension maximum sentence for spreading anti- avenues available to the government, three times in its 22-month existence. dissidents could be freed and that Soviet commission lawyer Yves Fortier re- citizens divided from their spouses and Soviet propaganda — after circulating The total bill for the commission will five poems she wrote protesting Soviet plied: "This is a facet of the over-all be about $3 million, said Judge Des- families in the West might be reunited. issue in the public section." Dissidents who have left the country human-rights violations and the plight chenes, who considers it money well of suffering dissidents. She also partici- The legal options available to the spent. this year include human-rights activist government for dealing with war crimi- Anatoly Shcharansky and Yuri Orlov, pated in a public demonstration in "I do hope that the report will at least support of dissident physicist Andrei nals will be described in the public clean-up the atmosphere. There have founder of the . section of the two-part Deschenes At a news conference to mark Inter- Sakharov. been so many things being sakj about Serving almost three years in a hard- report. the matter of war criminals in Canada. national Human Rights Day, Decem- According to Mr. Fortier, the public ber 10, Soviet officials offered scant labor camp in the central part of the "Eve tried to go to the bottom of the Soviet Union, she spent much of the report will say what options are avai- thing, find out what the actual situa- hope that dissident physicist Andrei lable to the government for bringing Sakharov, banished in 1980 to internal time in solitary confinement and 138 tion is, and say so. To that extent w days in a "punishment cell1' on a war criminals to justice. should be able to clear-up the atmos exile in the city of Gorky, would soon be. The Montreal lawyer said that more freed. starvation diet of black bread and phere." Asked if she thought other dissidents water, according to friends of her ^t?U4#fc^5a^5ut?f^ut^^ would be freed in the near future, Ms. family. Visits by family were forbidden. Ratushynska replied, "This would "Iryna is very sick ... she has heart, only underline the new process of demo- kidney, liver and lung problems. You cratization and reconstruction about name it, she has it," said Alona Koje- A Christmas gift idea: vinko of Britain's Keston College, a which our leader fMikhail Gorbachev^ I Subscriptions to is speaking right now so often. group that monitors human rights in "But words are not enough. I think the Soviet bloc. exit permission-grantings like this one One dissident who served time with THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY are first steps along this way. the poet reportedly said that as late as for your family, friends and aquaintances. "After all, this decision makes sense April of this year, she was near the point and is in accordance with our laws. We of death and unable to stand or feed One-year subscription: - ' $8.00 # have the right to leave our country, herself. For UNA Members: , , $5 00 I according to international agreements Soviet authorities refused Mr. Hera- To order, please send check or money order to: $ and according to our civil rights," she shchenko permission to visit his wife at said. that time because "Soviet authorities THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY "The only way for realistic democra- did not want him to see how close to 30 Montgomery Street m Jersey City, NJ. 07302 tl?Mtfon of the country is to give every death she was," she said.