The White Rose Was a Non Violent Group of Students from the University of Munich
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7-9Th Grades Waves of Resistance by Chloe A. Girls Athletic Leadership School, Denver, CO
First Place Winner Division I – 7-9th Grades Waves of Resistance by Chloe A. Girls Athletic Leadership School, Denver, CO Between the early 1930s and mid-1940s, over 10 million people were tragically killed in the Holocaust. Unfortunately, speaking against the Nazi State was rare, and took an immense amount of courage. Eyes and ears were everywhere. Many people, who weren’t targeted, refrained from speaking up because of the fatal consequences they’d face. People could be reported and jailed for one small comment. The Gestapo often went after your family as well. The Nazis used fear tactics to silence people and stop resistance. In this difficult time, Sophie Scholl, demonstrated moral courage by writing and distributing the White Rose Leaflets which brought attention to the persecution of Jews and helped inspire others to speak out against injustice. Sophie, like many teens of the 1930s, was recruited to the Hitler Youth. Initially, she supported the movement as many Germans viewed Hitler as Germany’s last chance to succeed. As time passed, her parents expressed a different belief, making it clear Hitler and the Nazis were leading Germany down an unrighteous path (Hornber 1). Sophie and her brother, Hans, discovered Hitler and the Nazis were murdering millions of innocent Jews. Soon after this discovery, Hans and Christoph Probst, began writing about the cruelty and violence many Jews experienced, hoping to help the Jewish people. After the first White Rose leaflet was published, Sophie joined in, co-writing the White Rose, and taking on the dangerous task of distributing leaflets. The purpose was clear in the first leaflet, “If everyone waits till someone else makes a start, the messengers of the avenging Nemesis will draw incessantly closer” (White Rose Leaflet 1). -
“Não Nos Calaremos, Somos a Sua Consciência Pesada; a Rosa Branca Não Os Deixará Em Paz”
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA MARIA VISCONTI SALES “Não nos calaremos, somos a sua consciência pesada; a Rosa Branca não os deixará em paz” A Rosa Branca e sua resistência ao nazismo (1942-1943) Belo Horizonte 2017 MARIA VISCONTI SALES “Não nos calaremos, somos a sua consciência pesada; a Rosa Branca não os deixará em paz” A Rosa Branca e sua resistência ao nazismo (1942-1943) Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais como requisito parcial para a obtenção de título de Mestre em História. Área de concentração: História e Culturas Políticas. Orientadora: Prof.a Dr.a Heloísa Maria Murgel Starling Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Newton Bignotto de Souza (Departamento de Filosofia- UFMG) Belo Horizonte 2017 943.60522 V826n 2017 Visconti, Maria “Não nos calaremos, somos a sua consciência pesada; a Rosa Branca não os deixará em paz” [manuscrito] : a Rosa Branca e sua resistência ao nazismo (1942-1943) / Maria Visconti Sales. - 2017. 270 f. Orientadora: Heloísa Maria Murgel Starling. Coorientador: Newton Bignotto de Souza. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Inclui bibliografia 1.História – Teses. 2.Nazismo - Teses. 3.Totalitarismo – Teses. 4. Folhetos - Teses.5.Alemanha – História, 1933-1945 -Teses I. Starling, Heloísa Maria Murgel. II. Bignotto, Newton. III. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. IV .Título. AGRADECIMENTOS Onde você investe o seu amor, você investe a sua vida1 Estar plenamente em conformidade com a faculdade do juízo, de acordo com Hannah Arendt, significa ter a capacidade (e responsabilidade) de escolher, todos os dias, o outro que quero e suporto viver junto. -
Mildred Fish Harnack: the Story of a Wisconsin Woman’S Resistance
Teachers’ Guide Mildred Fish Harnack: The Story of A Wisconsin Woman’s Resistance Sunday, August 7 – Sunday, November 27, 2011 Special Thanks to: Jane Bradley Pettit Foundation Greater Milwaukee Foundation Rudolf & Helga Kaden Memorial Fund Funded in part by a grant from the Wisconsin Humanities Council, with funds from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the State of Wisconsin. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this project do not necessarily represent those of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Introduction Mildred Fish Harnack was born in Milwaukee; attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison; she was the only American woman executed on direct order of Adolf Hitler — do you know her story? The story of Mildred Fish Harnack holds many lessons including: the power of education and the importance of doing what is right despite great peril. ‘The Story of a Wisconsin Woman’s Resistance’ is one we should regard in developing a sense of purpose; there is strength in the knowledge that one individual can make a difference by standing up and taking action in the face of adversity. This exhibit will explore the life and work of Mildred Fish Harnack and the Red Orchestra. The exhibit will allow you to explore Mildred Fish Harnack from an artistic, historic and literary standpoint and will provide your students with a different perspective of this time period. The achievements of those who were in the Red Orchestra resistance organization during World War II have been largely unrecognized; this is an opportunity to celebrate their heroic action. Through Mildred we are able to examine life within Germany under the Nazi regime and gain a better understanding of why someone would risk her life to stand up to injustice. -
At the Heart of the White Rose: Letters and Diaries of Hans and Sophie
“A compelling, heart-wrenching testament to courage and goodness in the face of evil.” –Kirkus Reviews AtWHITE the eart ROSEof the Letters and Diaries of Hans and Sophie Scholl Edited by Inge Jens This is a preview. Get the entire book here. At the Heart of the White Rose Letters and Diaries of Hans and Sophie Scholl Edited by Inge Jens Translated from the German by J. Maxwell Brownjohn Preface by Richard Gilman Plough Publishing House This is a preview. Get the entire book here. Published by Plough Publishing House Walden, New York Robertsbridge, England Elsmore, Australia www.plough.com PRINT ISBN: 978-087486-029-0 MOBI ISBN: 978-0-87486-034-4 PDF ISBN: 978-0-87486-035-1 EPUB ISBN: 978-0-87486-030-6 This is a preview. Get the entire book here. Contents Foreword vii Preface to the American Edition ix Hans Scholl 1937–1939 1 Sophie Scholl 1937–1939 24 Hans Scholl 1939–1940 46 Sophie Scholl 1939–1940 65 Hans Scholl 1940–1941 104 Sophie Scholl 1940–1941 130 Hans Scholl Summer–Fall 1941 165 Sophie Scholl Fall 1941 185 Hans Scholl Winter 1941–1942 198 Sophie Scholl Winter–Spring 1942 206 Hans Scholl Winter–Spring 1942 213 Sophie Scholl Summer 1942 221 Hans Scholl Russia: 1942 234 Sophie Scholl Autumn 1942 268 This is a preview. Get the entire book here. Hans Scholl December 1942 285 Sophie Scholl Winter 1942–1943 291 Hans Scholl Winter 1942–1943 297 Sophie Scholl Winter 1943 301 Hans Scholl February 16 309 Sophie Scholl February 17 311 Acknowledgments 314 Index 317 Notes 325 This is a preview. -
World War II and the Holocaust Research Topics
Name _____________________________________________Date_____________ Teacher____________________________________________ Period___________ Holocaust Research Topics Directions: Select a topic from this list. Circle your top pick and one back up. If there is a topic that you are interested in researching that does not appear here, see your teacher for permission. Events and Places Government Programs and Anschluss Organizations Concentration Camps Anti-Semitism Auschwitz Book burning and censorship Buchenwald Boycott of Jewish Businesses Dachau Final Solution Ghettos Genocide Warsaw Hitler Youth Lodz Kindertransport Krakow Nazi Propaganda Kristalnacht Nazi Racism Olympic Games of 1936 Non-Jewish Victims of the Holocaust -boycott controversy -Jewish athletes Nuremburg Race laws of 1935 -African-American participation SS: Schutzstaffel Operation Valkyrie Books Sudetenland Diary of Anne Frank Voyage of the St. Louis Mein Kampf People The Arts Germans: Terezín (Theresienstadt) Adolf Eichmann Music and the Holocaust Joseph Goebbels Swingjugend (Swing Kids) Heinrich Himmler Claus von Stauffenberg Composers Richard Wagner Symbols Kurt Weill Swastika Yellow Star Please turn over Holocaust Research Topics (continued) Rescue and Resistance: Rescue and Resistance: People Events and Places Dietrich Bonhoeffer Danish Resistance and Evacuation of the Jews Varian Fry Non-Jewish Resistance Miep Gies Jewish Resistance Oskar Schindler Le Chambon (the French town Hans and Sophie Scholl that sheltered Jewish children) Irena Sendler Righteous Gentiles Raoul Wallenburg Warsaw Ghetto and the Survivors: Polish Uprising Viktor Frankl White Rose Elie Wiesel Simon Wiesenthal Research tip - Ask: Who? What? Where? When? Why? How? questions. . -
The White Rose in Cooperation With: Bayerische Landeszentrale Für Politische Bildungsarbeit the White Rose
The White Rose In cooperation with: Bayerische Landeszentrale für Politische Bildungsarbeit The White Rose The Student Resistance against Hitler Munich 1942/43 The Name 'White Rose' The Origin of the White Rose The Activities of the White Rose The Third Reich Young People in the Third Reich A City in the Third Reich Munich – Capital of the Movement Munich – Capital of German Art The University of Munich Orientations Willi Graf Professor Kurt Huber Hans Leipelt Christoph Probst Alexander Schmorell Hans Scholl Sophie Scholl Ulm Senior Year Eugen Grimminger Saarbrücken Group Falk Harnack 'Uncle Emil' Group Service at the Front in Russia The Leaflets of the White Rose NS Justice The Trials against the White Rose Epilogue 1 The Name Weiße Rose (White Rose) "To get back to my pamphlet 'Die Weiße Rose', I would like to answer the question 'Why did I give the leaflet this title and no other?' by explaining the following: The name 'Die Weiße Rose' was cho- sen arbitrarily. I proceeded from the assumption that powerful propaganda has to contain certain phrases which do not necessarily mean anything, which sound good, but which still stand for a programme. I may have chosen the name intuitively since at that time I was directly under the influence of the Span- ish romances 'Rosa Blanca' by Brentano. There is no connection with the 'White Rose' in English history." Hans Scholl, interrogation protocol of the Gestapo, 20.2.1943 The Origin of the White Rose The White Rose originated from individual friend- ships growing into circles of friends. Christoph Probst and Alexander Schmorell had been friends since their school days. -
Fearless Speech
University of Miami Law School University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository Articles Faculty and Deans 2018 Fearless Speech Mary Anne Franks Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/fac_articles Part of the First Amendment Commons, Law and Race Commons, and the Law and Society Commons FEARLESS SPEECH Mary Anne Franks* ABSTRACT The American conception of free speech is primarily defined as the freedom to say whatever one wants, with little regard for the quality, context, or impact of the speech. Thus, American free speech doctrine is often characterized as neutral with regard to the speaker and the content of speech; in practice, however, it consistently privileges powerful over vulnerable speakers and harmful over critical speech. From Philadelphia to Skokie to Charlottesville, the First Amendment has been interpreted to protect speech by white men that silences and endangers women and minorities. As free speech doctrine and practice become increasingly concerned with private as well as state action, free speech becomes even more of a monopoly and monoculture dominated by the interests of white men. The impoverished and elitist conception of free speech that governs current American legal theory and practice undermines all three values the First Amendment is meant to protect: autonomy, truth, and democracy. This Article proposes that First Amendment theory and practice should be reoriented around ancient Greek concept of parrhesia, or fearless speech. As the philosopher Michel Foucault describes it, the speaker of parrhesia"chooses frankness instead of persuasion, truth instead of falsehood or silence, the risk of death instead of life and security, criticism instead of flattery, and moral duty instead of self-interest and moral apathy." Parrhesiais, in essence, the act of speaking truth to power. -
An Analysis on the Influence of Christianity on the White Rose
Religion and Resistance: An Analysis on the Influence of Christianity on the White Rose Resistance Movement Laura Kincaide HIST 3120: Nazi German Culture Dr. Janet Ward December 1, 2014 1 Because religion often leads people to do seemingly irrational things, understanding a person’s religion is essential to understand his/her actions. This was especially true in Nazi Germany when religious conviction led some people to risk their lives to do what they believed was right, others allowed their religion to be transformed and co-opted by the Nazis to fit a political agenda while meeting spiritual needs, and still others simply tried to ignore the cognitive dissonance of obeying an authority that was acting in direct contradiction to a spiritual one. This paper will examine the role of Christianity in resistance movements against the Nazis with a focus on the White Rose in an attempt to explain how members of the same religion could have had such drastically different responses to the National Socialists. The White Rose resistance movement officially began in June, 1942 when the group’s first anti-Nazi pamphlet was published and distributed, although the activities and broodings of the members far predated this event. The movement started at the University of Munich, where a small group of students, most notably Hans Scholl, Sophie Scholl, Alex Schmorell, Willi Graf, Christoph Probst, and Traute Lafrenz, and their philosophy and musicology professor, Kurt Huber, discovered that they shared negative opinions of the Nazis and began meeting in secret to discuss their dissident political views.i Some of the most dedicated and passionate members felt the need to spread their ideas throughout the German populace and call upon their fellow citizens to passively resist the Nazis. -
SOPHIE SCHOLL (1921 –1943) and HANS SCHOLL of the White Rose Non-‐Violent &
SOPHIE SCHOLL (1921 –1943) and HANS SCHOLL of the White Rose non-violent resistance group "Human progress is neither automatic nor inevitable. Even a superficial look at history reveals that no social advance rolls in on the wheels of inevitability. Every step toward the goal of justice requires sacrifice, suffering, and struggle: the tireless exertions and passionate concern of dedicated individuals…Life's most persistent and urgent question is 'What are you doing for others?' " "Cowardice asks the question 'Is it safe?' Expediency asks the question 'Is it popular?' But conscience asks the question, 'Is it right?' " --Martin Luther King, Jr. “Braving all powers, Holding your own.” --Goethe “Sometimes I wish I could yell, ‘My name is Sophie Scholl! Remember that!’” Sophie’s sister Inge Aicher-Scholl: For Sophie, religion meant an intensive search for the meaning of her life, and for the meaning and purpose of history….Like any adolescent…you question the child’s faith you grew up with, and you approach issues by reasoning….You discover freedom, but you also discover doubt. That is why many people end up abandoning the search. With a sigh of relief they leave religion behind, and surrender to the ways society says they ought to believe. At this very point, Sophie renewed her reflections and her searching. The way society wanted her to behave had become too suspect…..But what was it life wanted her to do? She sensed that God was very much relevant to her freedom, that in fact he was challenging it. The freedom became more and more meaningful to her. -
Mitteilungen Heft 44 / November 2005
Dokumentationszentrum Oberer Kuhberg Ulm e. V. – KZ-Gedenkstätte – Mitteilungen Heft 44 / November 2005 Gottlob Kamm aus Schorndorf: Inhalt Vom Ulmer KZ-Häftling Gottlob Kamm: Kuhberg- zum Befreiungsminister Häftling und Befreiungsminister 1 Endlich: ein Platz fürs von Württemberg-Baden Deserteurs-Denkmal in Ulm 5 „Weiße Flecken”: zwei Schülerprojekte 7 Wolfgang Keck wieder Vor- sitzender: Jahresmitgliederver- sammlung des Trägervereins 8 „Bücherverbrennung”: im Juli 1933 auch in Ulm 9 Rückblick auf die DZOK-Ereignisse 2005 10 Neues in Kürze 14 Ulmer Abiturient als „Freiwilliger” gesucht – Fall-Album Karl Buck – Absage Comic- workshop – Tag des offenen Denkmals – „Buch-Male”: Ausstellung von Achs FisGhal – Ursula Krause- Schmitt – Geschichte der KZs bei C. H. Beck – Lina Haags „Eine Hand voll Staub” als Taschenbuch – Ein Holocaust- Leugner – Tolle Spende – Buch-Projekt Hans Lebrecht – Landesstiftung Baden- Württemberg – Grüße aus Lodz – Verbrechen der Nazis in Oberschwaben – Annette Schavan und Monika Stolz Gottlob Kamm (rechts) mit einem Parteifreund vor dem von ihm Neue Bücher 18 gemieteten Bahnhofs-Kiosk von Schorndorf, um 1928. (Foto: privat). Th. Hartnagel: Briefwechsel Sophie Scholl/ (Fortsetzung S. 2) Fritz Hartnagel – Katalog zu den neuen Neuengamme-Ausstellungen – J. Hahn u. a.: Medizin und KZs – A. Ziegler: Jürgen Wittenstein und Falk Harnack – D. Bald: Weiße Rose – E. Schäll: Friedrich Adler – J. u. R. Breuer: Das Gedenkstunde in der Ulmer KZ-Gedenkstätte Weihnachtsfest in der politischen Propaganda für den Widerstand von 1933 -
Jakob Wasserman, Arnold Zweig, Manfred Bieler, Thomas Brussig)
Putting Justice on Trial in Four Periods of German Literature: Case Studies (Jakob Wasserman, Arnold Zweig, Manfred Bieler, Thomas Brussig) by Marc Reibold Department of Germanic Languages and Literature Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ William C. Donahue, Supervisor ___________________________ Michale M. Morton ___________________________ James Rolleston ___________________________ Jochen Vogt Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literature in the Graduate School of Duke University 2011 ABSTRACT Putting Justice on Trial in Four Periods of German Literature: Case Studies (Jakob Wasserman, Arnold Zweig, Manfred Bieler, Thomas Brussig) by Marc Reibold Department of Germanic Languages and Literature Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ William C. Donahue, Supervisor ___________________________ Michael M. Morton ___________________________ James Rolleston ___________________________ Jochen Vogt An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literature in the Graduate School of Duke University 2011 Copyright by Marc Reibold 2011 Abstract This dissertation explores arguments against legal and authoritarian structures as thematized by four works of fiction from distinct periods of German history: Jacob Wasserman’s Der Fall Maurizius (the Weimar Republic), Arnold Zweig’s Das Beil von Wandsbek (the Third Reich), Manfred Bieler’s Das Kaninchen bin Ich (post-war division of Germany), and Thomas Brussig’s Leben bis Männer (Germany after reunification). The aim of my analysis is to define how each work builds a “case” against the state. It conducts a literary analysis of each work, which it places in its own cultural and political context. -
Journal of the Union Faculty Forum
Journal of the Union Faculty Forum A Publication of the Union University Faculty Forum Vol. 30 Fall 2010 Faculty Forum President’s Letter Greetings Union University Faculty! It is a great privilege to be able to serve as your Union University Faculty Forum President for the 2010-2011 academic year. I encourage you to actively participate in this organization that was created, “to provide a means for the faculty to express its interests and concerns to The Greater Faculty and the Provost, and to make recommendations about issues affecting Union University.” Last year, the membership made valuable inquiries and suggestions in matters involving facilities and equipment, student testing services, academic and University policies, technology, and fringe benefits. Your participation will ensure that faculty voices continue to be heard, and that we can provide input that supports our core values of being Excellence-Driven, Christ-Centered, People-Focused, and Future-Directed. The Faculty Forum is also pleased to provide a vehicle to share the scholarship and creative endeavors of our faculty via The Journal of the Union Faculty Forum (JUFF). Thanks to Melissa Moore and Jeannie Byrd, who served as co-editors of JUFF this year. We are also grateful to University Services and Provost Carla Sanderson who provided logistical and financial support, respectively, for JUFF. If you were not among the JUFF contributors this year, please plan now to contribute to this forum of ideas in next year’s publication. In addition to the JUFF editors, I would like to thank our other 2010-2011 Faculty Forum officers, Gavin Richardson, Vice President, and Terry Weaver, Secretary.