Chapter 21 Grooming Grooming * Grooming Measures: * Are

12/11/2014

1 Chapter 21 Grooming

2 Grooming  Grooming measures:  Are important to many people  Prevent infection and promote comfort  Address love, belonging, and self-esteem needs  People differ in their grooming measures.  The person should tend to his or her own grooming measures to the extent possible.  The person may use adaptive devices for grooming.

3 Hair Care  The look and feel of hair affect mental well-being.  You assist with hair care whenever needed.  The nursing process reflects:  The person’s culture  Personal choice  Skin and scalp condition  Health history  Self-care ability

4 Hair Care (cont’d)  Skin and scalp conditions  Alopecia means hair loss.  Male pattern baldness occurs with aging.  Hair also thins in some women with aging.  Other causes include cancer treatments, skin disease, stress, poor nutrition, pregnancy, some drugs, and hormone changes.  Hirsutism is excessive body hair.  It can occur in men, women, and children from heredity and abnormal amounts of male hormones.  Dandruff is the excessive amount of dry, white flakes from the scalp.

5 Hair Care (cont’d)  Pediculosis (lice) is the infestation with wingless insects.  Pediculosis capitis is the infestation of the scalp with lice.  Pediculosis pubis is the infestation of the pubic hair with lice.  Pediculosis corporis is the infestation of the body with lice.  Report signs and symptoms of lice to the nurse at once.  Complaints of a tickling feeling or something moving in the hair  Itching  Irritability  Sores on the head or body caused by scratching  Rash

6 Hair Care (cont’d)  Scabies is a skin disorder caused by a female mite. 1  The female mite burrows into the skin and lays eggs.

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 Pediculosis corporis is the infestation of the body with lice.  Report signs and symptoms of lice to the nurse at once. 12/11/2014  Complaints of a tickling feeling or something moving in the hair  Itching  Irritability  Sores on the head or body caused by scratching  Rash

6 Hair Care (cont’d)  Scabies is a skin disorder caused by a female mite.  The female mite burrows into the skin and lays eggs.  The person has a rash and intense itching.  Scabies is highly contagious.  Persons at risk include those living in crowded living settings and those with weakened immune systems.

7 Hair Care (cont’d)  Brushing and combing hair  Encourage patients and residents to do their own hair care.  Assist as needed.  Provide hair care for those who cannot do so.  The person chooses how to brush, comb, and style hair.  Brushing and combing prevent tangled and matted hair.  To brush and comb hair, start at the scalp. Then brush or comb to the hair ends.

8 Hair Care (cont’d)  Do not braid hair without the person’s consent.  Never cut matted or tangled hair.  Special measures are needed for curly, coarse, and dry hair.  The person’s hair care practices and products are part of the care plan. 

9 Shampooing  Many factors affect frequency, including:  The condition of the hair and scalp  Hairstyle  Personal choice  Shampoo hair when the nurse tells you to.  The nurse tells you what method to use.  The shampoo method depends on:  The person’s condition  Safety factors  Personal choice

10 Shampooing (cont’d)  Shampoo methods include:  During the shower or tub bath  At the sink  On a stretcher  In bed  Hair is dried and styled as quickly as possible after the shampoo.  Check with the nurse before curling or rolling up hair.

11 Shaving 2  Many men shave for comfort and mental well-being.

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10 Shampooing (cont’d)  Shampoo methods include: 12/11/2014  During the shower or tub bath  At the sink  On a stretcher  In bed  Hair is dried and styled as quickly as possible after the shampoo.  Check with the nurse before curling or rolling up hair.

11 Shaving  Many men shave for comfort and mental well-being.  Many women:  Shave their legs and underarms  Shave facial hair  Use other hair-removal methods  Waxing, hair removal products, plucking, threading

12 Shaving (cont’d)  Safety razors or electric shavers are used.  Follow agency policy for cleaning electric shavers.  Safety razors are not used on persons who:  Have healing problems  Take anticoagulant drugs  Soften the beard before shaving.  Mustaches and beards need daily care.  Ask the person how to groom his mustache or beard.  Never trim a mustache or beard without the person’s consent.

13 Nail and Foot Care  Nail and foot care prevents infection, injury, and odors.  Hangnails, ingrown nails, and nails torn away from the skin cause skin breaks.  Long or broken nails can scratch skin or snag clothing.  Dirty feet, socks, or stockings harbor microbes and cause odors.

14 Nail and Foot Care (cont’d)  Injuries occur from:  Stubbing toes  Stepping on sharp objects  Being stepped on  Shoes that fit poorly  Poor circulation prolongs healing.  Infections or foot injuries are very serious for older persons and persons with circulatory disorders.

15 Nail and Foot Care (cont’d)  Trimming and clipping toenails can easily cause injuries.  Use nail clippers to cut fingernails.  Never use scissors.  Some agencies do not let nursing assistants cut or trim toenails.  Follow agency policy.  16 Changing Clothing and Hospital Gowns 3  You may need to assist with changing garments.

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15 Nail and Foot Care (cont’d)  Trimming and clipping toenails can easily cause injuries. 12/11/2014  Use nail clippers to cut fingernails.  Never use scissors.  Some agencies do not let nursing assistants cut or trim toenails.  Follow agency policy.  16 Changing Clothing and Hospital Gowns  You may need to assist with changing garments.  Follow these rules:  Provide for privacy.  Encourage the person to do as much as possible.  Let the person choose what to wear.  Make sure garments and footwear are the correct size.  Remove clothing from the strong or “good” side first.  Put clothing on the weak side first.  Support the arm or leg when removing or putting on a garment. 17 Changing Clothing and Hospital Gowns (cont’d)  Changing hospital gowns  Gowns are usually worn for IV therapy.  Some agencies have special gowns for IV therapy that open along the sleeve and close with ties, snaps, or Velcro.  Sometimes standard gowns are used.  If there is injury or paralysis:  Remove the gown from the strong arm first.  Support the weak arm while removing the gown.  Put the clean gown on the weak arm first and then on the strong arm.