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0 2 4 6 km SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA SustainBaltic ICZM Plans for Sustaining Coastal and Marine Human-ecological Networks in the Baltic

Compiled by: Anne Kull, Valdeko Palginõmm, Maaria Semm, Pille Tomson (Estonian University of Life Sciences) Design & layout: Karl-Kristjan Videvik

Project partners: LP - University of Turku, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Finnish Environment Institute, Tallinn University, Regional Council of Satakunta.

Project SustainBalitic is funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under the Central Baltic Programme 2014-2020.

EUROPEAN UNION European Regional Development Fund

EUROPEAN UNION European Regional Development Fund SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

Contents

1. Introduction 4 2. Description of the case area 5 1.1. Cultural heritage 6 1.2. Nature conservation 6 1.3. Economic activity 6 2. Methodology and material for the land use zoning 7 3. Mapping problems and stakeholders 8 4. Land use zoning 9 4.1. Objective and vision of land use zoning 9 4.2. Zones 9 4.3. Zone descriptions and recommendations 11 4.3.1. Recreation zone 11 4.3.1.1. Public beach 11 4.3.1.2. Potential public beach 12 4.3.1.3. Local beach 13 4.3.1.4. Community beach 13 4.3.1.5. Recreational beach for other uses 14 4.3.2. Recreation development zone 14 4.3.3. Port and industrial zone 14 4.3.4. Traditional settlement zone 15 4.3.5. Residential development zone 15 4.3.6. Agricultural zone 15 4.3.7. Nature zone 16 4.3.8. General marine use zone 16 4.3.9. Targeted marine management zone 16 4.3.9.1. Targeted marine management zone for Natura 2000 habitats 16 4.3.9.2. Targeted water transport zone 17 4.3.9.3. Targeted water sport zone 17 4.3.9.4. Targeted marine management zone for dumping 17 4.3.9.5. Targeted marine management zone for military use 17 4.3.10. Access to the coast and the sea 17 5. Summary 18 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

area; 4) public assessment of the plans 1. INTRODUCTION using both e-platforms and arranging working groups with the stakeholders and end-users directed by the project SustainBaltic i.e. ICZM Plans for Sustain- members; and 5) as the final results of ing Coastal and Marine Human-ecological SustainBaltic, the updated completed Networks in the Baltic Region project is ICZM plans can be downloaded from the implemented for 27 months during 2016– websites of the partner organisations 2018. SustainBaltic (CB354) is funded and at http://www.utu.fi/SustainBaltic, by the European Regional Development also beyond the life span of the project. Fund (ERDF) under the Central Baltic In addition, the interim results and the Programme 2014–2020. SustainBaltic is other activity phases of the preparation a cooperation project of the University of the first ICZM drafts are found at of Turku, the Estonian University of Life https://blogit.utu.fi/sustainbaltic/. Sciences, the Finnish Environment Insti- tute, the Regional Council of Satakunta, This ICZM plan covers the spatial devel- and Tallinn University. opment plan and land use zoning for the Läänemaa case area (from Ristinina pen- The project aims to improve the share insula in Keibu bay to Hara peninsula in of the managed coastal networks in the Hara bay). This ICZM plan is an indicative Central Baltic area by the cross-border document that municipalities can use in preparation of the ICZM plans for a to- the preparations of general plans or other tal of four case areas with their public local development documents (develop- assessment in and Finland. This ment plans, projects), as well as in the was planned to be achieved by 1) inte- preparation of national-level marine spa- grating multidisciplinary human-ecolog- tial plans. ical data on the whole project area: in Finland – the regions of Satakunta and SELECTING THE CASE Southwest Finland and in Estonia – the areas of Lääne, Harju, and Lääne-Viru AREA county with their land-sea interfaces; 2) selecting the themes of ICZMs and case The Läänemaa case area was select- study areas which are located along the ed based on four criteria: 1. high nature coast of Lääne and Lääne-Viru county in value (high biodiversity, the habitats of Estonia and in the region of Satakunta endangered species etc); 2. diverse and in Finland; 3) making four digital ICZM coastal-specific economic activities (rec- plans, which were first tested with the reation, fishing, use of wind energy, and current regional land use of the project land use of agricultural lands with high

4 Figure 1. The location of the Läänemaa case area

nature value); 3. marginalisation prob- lems (low number of inhabitants in work- 2. DESCRIPTION OF ing age, few enterprises etc), and 4. diverse cultural heritage (valuable land- THE CASE AREA scapes, national and cultural heritage objects etc). Map analysis was used to The Läänemaa case area belongs to the combine all four topics where the map West-Estonian lowland. The area is gen- Keibu küla Keibu küla layers were created to reflect these cri- erally flat, absolute heights in coastal Rannaküla teria, and the area with the highest score area are usually less than 10–15 m above Rannaküla Lääne-Harju Lääne-Harju was selected as the case area. sea level. The terrain in north-western vald Peraküla Nõva küla vald Estonia has risen by approximately 100 m Peraküla Nõva küla The Läänemaa case area extends from since the last ice age and the annual up- küla / Spithamn Hara peninsula in the south to Ristinina in lift rate is currently 3 mm. As a result of küla / Spithami küla / Spithamn the north , the total length of the coast- the neo-tectonic uplift, the coastal zone DirDhaemrhia kmünla / Derhamn line is 48 km (Figure 1). At the time of the expands and hydrological networks with küla küla / Vaisi küla case area selection, the southern part of coastal landforms develop. The West-Es- Rooslepa küla / the case area belongs administratively to tonian lowland forms on limestone bed- Roslep küla Roslep Tusari küla Noarootsi and the northern part to Nõva rock, the calcareous soils with calciphil- küla / Bergsby Tuksi küla / Bergsby rural municipality. After the administra- ous plant communities are common, tive reform in October 2018, Noarootsi including alvars. Large sandy shores and Nõva will be partial municipalities with sand dunes are characteristic of of the Lääne-Nigula rural municipality. landscapes in Keibu, Nõva, Dirhami, and küla / Ölbäck Lääne-Nigula vald Elbiku küla / Ölbäck Lääne-Nigula vald Läänemaa also involves a small part of Roosta districts. In the areas of Hara and Harjumaa, as Keibu village is part of , silt and till shores with reed-cov- Höbringi küla / Höbring Lääne-Harju rural municipality. The area ered coastal meadows are found. The cli- Höbringi küla / Höbring of the ICZM case site (marine and coastal mate of the western coast of Estonia is zone combined) is 218 km2. milder and more humid than in the inland.

The biggest settlements in the case area of Läänemaa are Nõva (113 inhabitants in 2017) and Rannaküla (79); bigger vil- Riguldi küla / lages include Keibu (52), Vaisi (34), Hara Riguldi küla / Rickul Vanaküla / Gambyn (40), and Elbiku (32). In the last 50 years, Rickul Vanaküla / Gambyn the population in the villages of the case area has decreased from nearly 1,000 küla / inhabitants to 400 people in 2017. More AuleDpiras lkäüttla / than 29% of the inhabitants living in the Hara küla / Dirslätt HaHraa krgüala / case area are more than 65 years old. Harga

5 0 2 4 6 km 0 2 4 6 km SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

Most young people do not live in the and appearance have survived to this The Nõva nature conservation forms a the sea-oriented practise areas of the Es- area permanently, only during the sum- day. Old threshing barns can be seen in part of the Nõva-Osmussaare bird and tonian National Defence on land (Nõva mers. Majority of the people work out- the villages, as well as small houses, gra- nature area of the Natura 2000 network. Liivase Beach) and at sea (near Ristinina). side the case area, 10% work in Tallinn. naries, and other farm buildings built at The Nõva-Osmussaare bird area is locat- The biggest employers in the case area the beginning of the 20th century. Swed- ed on the migration route of arctic wa- Coastal fishery is important in the case are holiday resorts and the local harbour, ish place names have been preserved. terfowl and shorebirds (Charadriiformes). area, but the number of fishermen that but the work and need for employees is The area is also an important wintering make a living only from fishing is small season-based. In high seasons, the tour- The western part of the case area be- area for birds and nutrition area for po- – a lot of them seek additional activities ism sector employs many people outside longed to Rooslepa Manor, the eastern chards (Neugrund crater and Krassi low- to ensure their income. The large-scale the area (including Tallinn and Haapsalu). part to Nõva Manor, and Keibu belonged land), because the sea area is mostly ice- processing of fish is handled by Derhamn Only less than 10% of people living in the to Vihterpalu Manor. Nõva and Riguldi free in winter there. OÜ. Läänemaa case area are employed in the manorhouses are located on the case primary sector, e.g. fishery and animal area. The manor complex of the latter Tourism in the area is a developing indus- husbandry; 19% of people are employed dates back to the 19th century, has been 1.3. ECONOMIC try with high potential. The case area with in the secondary sector. Most people are well preserved, and is under heritage pro- ACTIVITY its diverse nature is a popular and promis- employed in the tertiary sector – mostly tection. ing domestic tourism area. Approximate- in recreation-related services. ly 12,000 domestic and foreign tourists Due to the location, there are several mil- The main activities are fishing and pro- visit the Nõva region during the summer itary installations from different times in cessing, timber industry, processing of season. The ports of Dirhami and Nõva 1.1. CULTURAL the region. A part of the sea fortress of agricultural products, and tourism. The offer dockage and port services. The HERITAGE Peter the Great on the front line of the main sea uses are shipping, fishing, na- case area includes campfire sites, rest marine protection of St. Petersburg (Tah- ture conservation, national defence, and areas, and hiking trails in the Nõva Recre- kuna peninsula–Dirham peninsula–Hanko tourism. The maritime position and ports ation Area. The Nõva Visitor Centre of the The cultural heritage of the case area is peninsula) was located in the region. are one of the important assets of the State Forest Management Centre (RMK) closely linked to the settlement of the case area. The main business areas are with an information point is located in the Coastal Swedes, which was interrupted concentrated around the ports. The most centre of Peraküla. The largest recrea- by the emigration of Coastal Swedes dur- 1.2. NATURE important dockyards on the case area are tional complex in the case area is Roosta ing the Second World War in 1944. The CONSERVATION the ports of Spithami, Hara, Dirhami, and Holiday Village. Several non-profit organ- activities of the Coastal Swedes were re- Nõva. The port of Dirhami is in good or- isations are engaged in organising tours lated to the sea – the main sources of in- der – it offers dockage, landing of fish, and trips. Thanks to its attractive coast- come were coastal fishing, seafaring, and Most of the coastal area of the case area maintenance and repair of ships, as well line, beautiful forest landscapes, and the seal fishing. In terms of agriculture, they is covered by protected areas, the larg- as consumer services. In the summer fact that it is located close to Tallinn, the were mostly involved in cattle breeding, est of which are the Nõva nature con- months, it is an attractive marina. In win- region is an attractive real estate devel- including sheep farming. In addition to servation areas, the Keibu-Ristna special ter, it operates mainly as a fishing and opment area. The newest developments sea, locals have depended on the for- conservation area in the eastern part of cargo port. Electricity production by wind are located in the village of Spithami, Dir- est for earning a living, as well. Coastal the case area, and the Nõva-Osmussaare is also characteristic for the coastal area ham, Elbiku, and Nõva. The most popular Swedes typically lived in bunched villag- special conservation area covering a large – two wind farms are located on the case developments are summer homes. es. To an extent, the old village structure part of the marine area of the case area. area. The Nõva rural municipality includes

6 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

Agricultural production is a traditional ac- more precisely for the case area. Then, Based on an analysis of the current sit- »» Maritime Administration, 2018 (fair- tivity on the case area, but due to the low the principles that the land use zoning uation, the objectives and vision of the ways, dumping areas, military areas) site class of the soil, a large part of arable must follow were formulated: land use zoning, and the problems and »» Maps prepared at the Marine Area land is used as grassland. Most of the interests mapped in the area, the main Planning Workshop in 2017 case area’s forests belong to the state »» Public roads to beaches and coastal ways of use and needs of use of the case »» Comprehensive plan for Noarootsi and a large part of the forests is protect- areas must remain accessible to the area were identified and the respective rural municipality, 2003 ed and subject to economic constraints. public. zones were distinguished. The land use »» Comprehensive plan for Nõva rural »» The interests of the local population zoning of the marine zone was based on municipality, 2011 and holidaymakers must be in bal- the marine spatial planning methodology »» Comprehensive plan for Padise rural ance. from 20091. municipality, 2003 2. METHODOLOGY »» The proposed activities must take »» Thematic plan for Aulepa wind farm, AND MATERIAL into account the region’s long-term The following map materials were used 2007 traditions, the nature of the coast, in the land use zoning: »» Thematic plan for areas of milieu FOR THE LAND USE and natural, cultural, and milieu val- value in Noarootsi rural municipality, ues, and be useful for both locals and »» Land Board, 2018 (Estonian Topo- 2007 ZONING vacationers. graphic Database, basic map, cadas- »» Thematic plan of residential areas in »» The most suitable locations for ac- tral map, soil map, historical maps Noarootsi rural municipality, 2009 The land use zoning was based on the tivities or objects related to the eco- (verst map (1894–1922), Estonian »» Thematic plan of coastal areas in Recommendation of the European Par- nomic exploitation of the coast are topographic map (1923–1935), USSR Noarootsi rural municipality, 2006 liament and of the Council concerning found, taking into account the im- topographic maps 1960–1989)) the implementation of Integrated Coastal pacts on economy, society, and the »» Forest register, 2018 (forest stands, The land use zoning draft was introduced Zone Management in Europe (2002/413/ natural environment. forests with increased public inter- to local governments and representa- EC of 30 May 2002). The methodology »» Principles of sustainability and envi- est) tives of stakeholders at meetings and a for the land use zoning was prepared on ronmental friendliness are followed »» Agricultural Registers and Informa- public hearing was held. Proposals for the analyses on the land use zonings and and the long-term perspective and tion Board, 2018 (applied fields) the land use zoning could also be made plans on coastal areas prepared thus far. the potential impacts of climate »» Statistics Estonia, 2018 (population in writing, using the web-based map ap- change are taken into account. data, enterprise data) plication created within the framework of The goals were set which were to be »» Estonian Nature Information Sys- the project. The proposals collected dur- achieved with the land use zoning. De- The objectives, vision, and principles tem, 2018 (protected areas, special ing the public hearing were analysed and pending on the goals to be achieved, the were coordinated with members of the conservation areas, international pro- the land use zoning was complemented regional development visions were cre- project steering group and representa- tected areas (Ramsar, IBA, Helcom), on the basis of proposals consistent with ated. Considering that the residents and tives of local governments. During the Natura nature and bird areas and the principles of the land use zoning. economy of a much larger area than the preparation of the land use zoning, the habitats, habitats or species in cate- case area depend on the coast, the devel- stakeholders connected to the case area gories I, II, and III, objects of cultural opment vision for the whole region was and the problems that need to be solved heritage and heritage conservation) first formulated and then, it was worded in the area were mapped.

1 Hendrikson & Ko. 2009. Merealade ruumilise planeerimise metoodika. http://hendrikson.ee/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Merealade_planeerimise_metoodika.pdf

7 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

as close to the sea as possible. and representatives of authorities. Lately, MTÜ Lääne-Eesti Turism, etc.) – 3. MAPPING the visiting objects prepared by the State development of the necessary infra- Thanks to the beautiful beaches and the Forest Management Centre are under a structure for holidaymakers, organisa- PROBLEMS AND coastal forest area, tourism is important lot of pressure due to the organisation of tion of events, introducing the region, STAKEHOLDERS for the economy in the region. The prob- folk events (including the flounder festi- and improving its image. lem, however, is that most tourists come val, which takes place every summer). »» Hunters and hunting associations here only during the summer season. The – hunting and hunting management Before preparing the land use zoning, the high share of homeowners who are sum- Stakeholders were involved to identify in Nõva and Riguldi hunting areas. problems that need to be solved in the mer visitors increases the seasonality of different interests. The main stakehold- »» Fishermen, fishers, and fishing as- area were mapped. The land use zoning the services needed by holidaymakers. ers in the case area who can be influ- sociations (MTÜ Läänemaa Ran- must contribute to solving these prob- enced by the plan in one way or another nakalanduse Selts, etc.) – preser- lems. Different databases, existing plans, Important problems in the case area in- are the following: vation of fishing places, preservation and development plans of local authori- clude ensuring access to the sea (by foot, and improvement of boat launching ties were used in the mapping of prob- by car, by boats), accessibility of access »» Undertakers in the Nõva and Noa- places and access to them, increas- lems and interests. The list of problems roads for operational vehicles, the in- rootsi area – improving the business ing the possibilities of fish storage and interests was supplemented at the creasing use of sandy beaches, and the environment. and first processing, marketing of meetings with representatives of local incompatibility between different uses of »» Environment Agency – ensuring fishery products, developing mari- authorities, agencies, and stakeholders; beaches. For example, beaches are often nature protection. time tourism. during discussions with the local people; used to go to the sea with water sports »» State Forest Management Centre »» Museum of the Coastal Swedes – and at the events of publication. equipment; water sports enthusiasts – carrying out practical conservation exploring, preserving, and promoting may ruin fishing nets; and fishhooks are works in state lands and organising the Coastal Swedish heritage. Because of the criteria for selecting the left in the beach when fishing with a rod, visits to the area to introduce the »» Local associations and NGOs (vil- case area, socio-economic problems which can injure holidaymakers. values of the protected area and to lage societies of Hara and Dirhami, characteristic to peripheral areas occur maintain a favourable state. Noarootsi-Riguldi Kodukandiüh- there, such as low employment, lack of During the summer season, the interests »» Locals and surrounding commu- ing, MTÜ NordEstNõva, etc.) – on-the-spot jobs, and the seasonality of of different users clash in one of the ma- nities – recreational use of the area, introducing the area and using it for work. Local authorities consider the high jor spots in the region – Peraküla beach. forest management, use of forest events, providing services to visitors, proportion of protected areas (mainly in Peraküla beach is popular among holi- by-products, agriculture, and animal preserving and developing local cul- the Nõva rural municipality) and nature daymakers despite the fact that the sea husbandry. ture, and studying the local history. conservation constraints to be the main gets deep relatively suddenly, the waves »» Holidaymakers – recreational use of »» Orienteering enthusiasts and ori- inhibitors of development – mainly be- are sometimes high, and the water can the area, use of forest by-products. enteering clubs (Läänemaa Ori- cause there is little unrestricted land be cold. Peraküla beach is often so full »» Lääne-Nigula and Lääne-Harju enteerumisklubi OKAS) – use of suitable for housing construction. The of people that the existing narrow access rural municipality government – orienteering areas (Dirhami, Tuksi, decline in the permanent population and road may not be sufficient to ensure the economic development in the region, Peraküla, Rannaküla) once a year for the aging population are also worrisome safety of the visitors in an emergency. boosting the tourism sector, increasing organising orienteering events. because the building is primarily related Major events in Peraküla beach can also the number of permanent residents. »» Sports clubs – organising inter- to the construction of summer homes. cause conflicts between nature conser- »» Tourism companies and organi- national sports and health camps People want their summer homes to be vationists, local people, holidaymakers, sations (Läänemaa Turism MTÜ, in Nõva, introducing an active and

8 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

healthy lifestyle, and helping local the case area. Vision for the development of the case recreation development zone, 3) port and pensioners with volunteering. area: industrial zone, 4) traditional settlement »» Surfers and surf clubs (Roosta The objective of the land use zoning is to zone, 5) residential development zone, 6) Surfiklubi SurFar, etc.) – using the create opportunities for the development In 2025, the area has preserved its re- agricultural zone, 7) nature zone. The fol- beach and the sea for trainings, or- of the case area, which results in: gional peculiarity and a good natural lowing zones were distinguished in the ganising surf camps, organising state. Construction takes place outside marine zone: 1) general marine use zone, coast guard, and keeping the café in »» the creation of a high-quality living the areas at risk of flooding while main- 2) targeted marine management zones: Roosta open. environment; taining public access to the beach and targeted marine management zone for »» Ministry of Defence – shooting prac- »» coastal natural resources being used saving coastal communities. There are Natura 2000 habitats, targeted water tice in the area between Nõva-Os- economically; enough landing places and marked land transport zone, targeted marine man- mussaare and in Ristinina. »» a balance between the interests of locations in good condition in public agement zone for water sports, targeted »» Environmental Inspectorate – su- the local community and holidaymak- use. Small harbours operate that service marine management zone for dumping, pervision in protected areas, preven- ers; coastal fisherman, sea tourists, and holi- and targeted marine management zone tion of environmental violations. »» human activities not having a signifi- daymakers, brining revenue to the area. for military use. cant or irreversible negative effect on the coast; 4.2. ZONES The zones are distinguished on the map 4. LAND USE »» the value of the coast being main- (Figure 3) in as compact and comprehen- tained or increased. In the case area, zones were distin- sive areas as possible and the stipulated ZONING guished for the coastal zone and the use of the zone is based on the primary Vision for the development of the marine zone. The coastal zone is de- usage of the zone. Other activities are western part of the Lääne-Nigula mu- also allowed in the zone in addition to the This land use zoning focuses primarily on fined as the area that lies 3 km from the nicipality and the southwestern part coastline inland and 300 m towards the targeted use of the zone if these activities the greater integration of coastal sea and of the Lääne-Harju municipality: do not contradict the targeted use of the land and creating opportunities to use sea (Figure 2). The use of coastal zone is often similar and closely linked on land zone. For example, if the main purpose them in a diverse manner. As a result of In 2025, the region has developed a bal- of a nature area zone is maintaining the the land use zoning, the local authority and water; land use effects also extend anced and eco-friendly tourism and recre- to the sea. For example, ports consist of good natural environment, this principle will have recommendations for the fur- ation industry. The number of people liv- must be followed in all activities carried ther development of the region. buildings located in land and on water; in ing in the region all year has grown. The recreation areas, both beach sand and out in the nature area. Separate fishing proportion of young people in the popula- bathing water are used; in terms of land- zones are not differentiated, as the entire 4.1. OBJECTIVE AND tion is increasing. The necessary services scape, the view from land to sea and vice sea is a fishing area – other than areas VISION OF LAND USE and good infrastructure are available on versa is important, etc. Marine zone was where fishing is not recommended. site. Local small-scale industries and en- defined as the water area that extends ZONING vironment-friendly agriculture are devel- from the coastal zone (i.e. 300 m from oping. People enjoy living and relaxing in the coastline) up to 3 km towards the To prepare the land use zoning, the objec- the area, and people find enough oppor- open sea. tives and development visions were first tunities to earn a livelihood in the imme- The following zones were distinguished formulated for the broader area using the diate vicinity. The heritage of the Coastal in the coastal zone: 1) recreation zone, 2) Hara-Ristinina coastal area and then, for Swedes is valued.

9 Figure 2. The boundaries of the case area in Läänemaa. Figure 3. Land use zoning map Within the case area, a distinction is made between the (the map is available on the website https://goo.gl/5dNC5F) marine area (300 m to 3 km from the coastline towards the sea) and the coastal area (300 m from the coastline to the sea and 3 km inland).

HARA NEEME JA RISTININA VAHELISE RANNIKUALA RUUMILISE ARENGU KAVA SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

4.3. ZONE dwellings in the zone. nature conservation principle and the natural preconditions, potential conflicts region’s cultural and natural values. in the use of the site, the intensity of use DESCRIPTIONS AND General recommendations for recrea- »» The construction of recreation are- of the beach, and the target groups. All RECOMMENDATIONS tion zone: as, camping grounds, and car parks beaches suitable for bathing are located »» The use of recreation zone must pre- in protected areas must take into in the sandy shore; recreational beach- serve natural and cultural values. account the restrictions imposed by es for other use are moraine shores and The land use zoning is of a recommenda- »» It is advisable to develop a concept the conservation rules and the Na- gravel-pebble shores (Figure 4). Taking tory nature and is implemented through and a comprehensive infrastructure ture Conservation Act. into account the shore type and the rec- more specific plans. Land use zoning for the whole recreation zone (estab- »» It is recommended to name all state reational beach type will help to balance shows the main indicative use of certain lishing an optimal visiting infrastruc- forests in recreation zone as forests the interests of local people and holiday- areas, without excluding any other small- ture that meets the actual situation: of increased public interest2. As an makers. For example, it is possible to dis- scale use of the area. access roads, car parks, campsites alternative, in forest areas outside perse the use load of beaches between and campfire sites, etc.), which en- protected areas and the coastal and holidaymakers with different interests sures the servicing of the holiday- shore boundary zone, the recom- and needs. It is also possible to better 4.3.1. RECREATION makers and helps to preserve nature, mended size of the cutting area of plan beach maintenance depending on ZONE allowing access to visited areas so clear cutting is up to two hectares their function. that the environmental burden is as and the width is up to 30 metres. The purpose of the zone is to preserve small as possible (the burden is dis- The recommended size of the cut- the recreational value of the areas, in- persed or, if it proves necessary, con- ting area of shelterwood cutting is up 4.3.1.1. PUBLIC crease the recreational value, and to centrated in certain places to save to five hectares. BEACH use the areas sustainably while taking the rest of the area). »» It is recommended to avoid building »» Instead of advertising individual rec- large-scale buildings and facilities. into account the interests of the public According to the data of the Health and the local community. reation zone areas, it is advisable to »» It is recommended to ban motorised introduce the various recreational op- watercraft traffic closer than 200 m Board, the Roosta bathing site is listed as a public bathing site in the case area. The recreation zone consists of natural portunities in the coastal region as a to the coastline in public beaches whole and direct the visitors depend- and disturbing the holidaymakers. In public bathing sites, the local authority areas suitable for recreation. Recreation monitors the bathing water and checks zone are beaches with the coastal area ing on their interests. »» It is recommended to ensure the The following types of recreational beach- the compliance of the beach with the in the direction of the sea and the coast- requirements of Regulation No. 74 ‘Re- al landscape (recreationally used forests continuous maintenance of the ex- es were distinguished in the coastal zone isting visiting infrastructure during of the recreation zone: bathing beaches quirements for bathing water and bathing with recreational and camping sites, hik- beaches’. Data about the water quality of ing trails, and recreational facilities, for- the recreation period, repair the de- (public beach, potential public beach, local preciated details, and, if necessary, beach, community beach) and recreation- public bathing sites is available on the ests of increased public interest, such as Health Board’s website. the Nõva-Treppoja forest). Sandy shores replace them. al beaches for other use. In determining are the most attractive and most used ar- »» Entrepreneurship is developed in the type of the recreational beach, the the recreation zone in line with the following was taken into consideration: Roosta beach is suitable for families, peo- eas in this zone. There may be individual ple in wheelchairs, holidaymakers who

2 Areas located mostly near settlements and managed by the State Forest Management Centre. Work done there is accompanied by increased public interest. To find balance between different interests, the work planned by the State Forest Management Centre in these areas must be introduced to the stakeholders related to the areas of increased public interest.

11 Figure 4 Map of shore types and bathing beaches.

love comfort, and visitors on an active hol- makers and work together with local iday. During the summer season, people service providers. can participate in kitesurfing, windsurf- ing, rowboat, and SUP board trainings. There is a café on Roosta beach, which 4.3.1.2. POTENTIAL sells snacks and drinks. Roosta Holiday PUBLIC BEACH Village, which is located right next to the parking lot, also provides services. Potential public beaches are bathing Recommendations for using a public beaches for which it is likely that more beach: people will go there in the future and it »» Prior to opening the bathing season, may be necessary to categorise them the bathing site must be maintained as a public bathing site. In comprehen- and organised, equipped with a suf- sive plans, the areas of potential public ficient number of changing rooms, beaches are reserved for the territory of toilets or dry toilets, and trash cans. bathing sites; built and maintained visit- »» The bathing water must be properly ing sites (camping sites, campfire sites, monitored. There must be informa- recreational areas, study halls, parking tion about the quality of the bathing lots) are located near these beaches. Po- water and the owner of the bathing tential public beaches are the beaches in site in a place visible to the bathers in Peraküla, Keibu, and - Dirhami. the bathing site. »» It must be ensured that the bathing Peraküla beach is suitable for adults site is safe – lifeguard towers is rec- (the sea gets deep relatively suddenly, ommended. the waves are sometimes high, and the »» It is recommended to clearly specify water can be cold). The RMK Peraküla the parts of the beach and sea with camping area, which has campfire sites, different functions (various activities shelters, and dry toilets, is located on on land, bathing areas, surf areas, Peraküla beach. The parking lot of the water motorsport, fishing etc.). Peraküla camping area has room for »» It is recommended to indicate the ac- 200 cars. Additional services at Peraküla cess roads to the beach. beach are not offered or they are offered »» It is recommended to pay attention to chaotically (sale of firewood and gar- the promotion of mobility opportuni- bage bags, catering). The construction of ties for people with reduced mobility. communication and service facilities and »» In planning visiting arrangements, it buildings is prohibited in the areas of the is recommended to take into account Peraküla beach. the desired services of the holiday- Keibu beach is well suited for families

HARA NEEME JA RISTININA VAHELISE RANNIKUALA RUUMILISE ARENGU KAVA 12 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA with children, as the sea gets deep slow- »» In a potential public beach, the bath- an information board at the beach. Lep- on land, bathing areas, surf areas, ly and the water warms up more quickly. ing water is not monitored – people aaugu is a beautiful sandy beach that is water motorsport, fishing etc.). Keibu I and Keibu II, RMK campfire sites can swim there on their own respon- less popular. The RMK parking lot and with camping areas, are located near the sibility. the Lepaaugu campfire site are located Keibu beach. The campfire sites have »» It is recommended to indicate the ac- nearby. There are roofed campfire sites, 4.3.1.4. COMMUNITY roofs. There are also tables, dry toilets, cess roads to the beach. The bathing a toilet, table benches, a driven well, and BEACH and information boards. Both campfire site is advertised with a specification an information board. The Uuejõe beach sites have a small parking lot. There is of the specific bathing site (access is preferred thanks to its privacy and the a boardwalk to the sea from the Keibu I by car / on foot, depth of the sea, fact that it is made unique thanks to the In this land use zoning, community campfire site. availability of services, playful activi- ‘travelling’ river mouth of Uuejõe Riv- beaches are bathing beaches that are ties on the sand, etc.). er. Near the beach, there are two RMK primarily used by the community of the The beach next to the port of Dirhami has »» It is recommended to clearly specify campfire sites with a camping area. The immediate vicinity. These bathing sites not been developed yet, but due to the the parts of the beach and sea with renovated Uuejõe campfire site has a do not require much infrastructure – the planned development of the hotel and different functions (various activities roofed bench table, a roofed campfire main thing is that the community main- ‘Meritäht’, a water park with an aquari- on land, bathing areas, surf areas, site, an information board, a gazebo, tains them. In this land use zoning, com- um, this beach also has potential to be- water motorsport etc.). and parking spaces. The Uuejõe sauna munity beaches are Kännualuse and Ran- come a public beach. campfire site has roofed campfire sites, na beaches. a bench table, an information board, and Recommendations for the use of po- 4.3.1.3. LOCAL a car park. Suggestions for using community tential public beaches: BEACH beaches: »» It is recommended that a potential Suggestions for using local beaches: »» It is recommended that the commu- public beach be made a public beach »» It is recommended to install toilets, nity itself maintains the beaches and, in the future. When a site is cate- In this land use zoning, local beaches are changing rooms, and bins. Addition- if necessary, installs toilets, changing gorised as a public bathing site, it is bathing beaches that are mainly used ally, the access roads and car parks rooms, bins, and lifeguard towers subject to the conditions of a public by locals. Local beaches are suitable for should be maintained and the area of there. bathing site. short-term beach holidays (swimming, the bathing site should be marked. »» The bathing water is not monitored – »» It is recommended to install a suf- bathing, and sunbathing) because there »» The bathing water is not monitored – people can swim there on their own ficient number of toilets, changing are no campfire sites and camping areas people can swim there on their own responsibility. rooms, and bins to the beach. Addi- near the local beaches (except for Uue- responsibility. »» Access to the beach does not have tionally, access roads and car parks jõe and Lepaaugu). In this land use zon- »» Access to the beach does not have to be marked and the beaches do should be maintained and the area of ing, local beaches are Elbiku, Rooslepa, to be marked and the beaches do not have to be advertised as bathing the bathing site should be marked. Rooslepa/Dirhami, Spithami, Spithami/ not have to be advertised as bathing sites. »» In the case of Peraküla beach, it is Uuejõe, Uuejõe, Metskonna, and Lep- sites. »» The use of the coastal area for other recommended to define and mark aaugu beaches. »» It is advisable to regulate the use of purposes should be avoided. the eastern part of the coastal area off-road vehicles. »» It is recommended to ensure access (deeper) as an area suitable for fish- The Metskonna beach is very accessible. »» It is recommended to clearly specify to the beach by foot from a reasona- ing and the western part (less deep) There is a boardwalk to the beach. There the parts of the beach and sea with ble distance. as an area suitable for bathing. is a parking area, a toilet, a bench, and different functions (various activities

13 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

4.3.1.5. RECREA- »» The most important bird-watch- »» The planning of buildings must take 4.3.3. PORT AND ing sites are recommended to be into account the risk of flooding. TIONAL BEACH FOR marked and equipped with informa- »» Buildings should be built if they suit INDUSTRIAL ZONE OTHER USES tion boards. in the milieu and the views from the sea should also be taken into ac- The aim of the zone is to use local nat- count. The planning of large-scale ural resources and improve employ- In this land use zoning, recreational 4.3.2. RECREATION (tall) individual buildings should be ment and, with as little an environ- beaches for other uses are till shore, DEVELOPMENT ZONE avoided. mental load as possible, develop local gravel-pebble shore, or the rocky sec- »» If necessary, recreational landing production. tions of sandy shores that are less suit- places, wharfs, and boat landings able for bathing. Beaches for other uses The zone aims to establish the core can be built in the zone. To build The zone includes the areas intended are suitable for exploring nature, geotour- areas for the development of recrea- them, authorisation should be asked for the construction of industries, ports, ism and military tourism, bird watching, tional economy in the region, which for reducing the building exclusion wind farms, mineral extraction indus- etc. In Toomanina, it is possible to see support the recreational development zone, changing the coastline, and for tries, and other production areas, their rare Neugrund breccia boulders, which of the entire region, promote the use dredging operations in accordance infrastructures, and their zones. Port ar- are related to the Neugrund meteor cra- of recreational areas, and improve em- with the current legislation. Howev- eas include artificial shores and their im- ter, among the glacial drift. In Dirhami ployment. er, it is advisable not to significantly mediate surroundings. The zone includes several military objects are located which change the coastline – the creation existing and suitable areas for the devel- were interconnected during the Soviet Recreation development zone is zone of artificial shores will reduce the rec- opment of production. There are eight era with a maintained borderline mostly where the buildings and facilities neces- reational value of the area. areas in the port and industrial zone: behind the first beachfront. sary for recreation, as well as the other »» Fishing is not recommended. Hara port, the centre part of the port of servicing infrastructure, are established »» It is advisable to plan landscape man- Dirham, Nõva port, Aulepa wind farm, Recommendations for use of recrea- in a concentrated way. Individual dwell- agement and, if necessary, limit the Vanaküla wind farm, the former Ristinina tional beaches for other uses: ings can be located in the recreation de- spread of reed. quarry, and two blocks of the active re- »» The recreational use of these beach- velopment zone. There are eight areas »» To develop maritime tourism, it is serve stock of the Tuksi sandpit. es is mainly nature tourism and gen- in recreation development zone: Roosta necessary to develop local business- eral recreation. Holiday Village, the Kibuvitsa Camp and es and ensure cooperation between Recommendations for port and indus- »» Depending on the region’s potential, Retreat Centre, the RMK Visitor Centre different sectors (fishing and mari- trial zone: it is recommended to plan the facili- and the surroundings of Põlluotsa Farm time tourism, nature tourism, pres- »» Small-scale industry characteristic of ties necessary for the use of recrea- Museum in Peraküla Centre, the sur- ervation and display of nature and coast is preferred; it is recommend- tional value of the beach – car parks, roundings of Tuksi Sports Vase, Hara, Dir- cultural values, etc.). ed to use, as much as possible, the toilets, access roads, information hami and Nõva ports. »» It is recommended to organise major existing buildings – if necessary, by boards, etc. public events in recreation develop- reconstructing and further develop- »» It is not advisable to set restrictions Recommendations for recreation de- ment zone. ing them. on watercrafts due to bathing, but velopment zone: »» It is recommended to categorise port the restrictions can be imposed for »» It is recommended to categorise recre- and industrial zone areas as areas the protection of nature of due to ation development zone as areas sub- subject to the obligations of detailed other interests. ject to the obligations of detailed plans. plans.

14 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

»» It is recommended to take into ac- ture, where households are mainly locat- should also not be changed (except plans. The residential development count the risk of flooding when build- ed in old farmhouses, are surrounded by for the maintenance of landing plac- zone areas should be planned with ing in the port and industrial zone. smaller agricultural and semi-natural are- es foreseen in plans). the infrastructure. »» In the development of ports, it is as, and form compact communities. Larg- »» It is not advisable to restrict fishing. »» The planning of residential develop- recommended to take into account er open fields are located in the agricultur- »» Villages in traditional settlement ment zone should be based on the the needs of coastal fishing and mar- al zone. Villages in traditional settlement zone that is adjacent to the coastline landscape and the existing build- itime tourism as well as provide the zone are Hara, Rooslepa, Rannaküla, Kei- should have a publicly used and ac- ings. Excessive orderliness should necessary infrastructure to different bu, Riguldi, Vanaküla, Spithami, Peraküla, cessible landing place. be avoided and the construction of port users. and Nõva. buildings on agricultural and forest »» If necessary, the waterline can be areas should be limited. changed and dredging operations Recommendations for traditional set- 4.3.5. RESIDENTIAL »» The recommended minimum lot size can be carried out in accordance with tlement zone: DEVELOPMENT ZONE is 1.5 ha (smaller in existing densely the law. »» It is recommended that the plan- populated areas) – the size of the plot »» The development of the areas ning of new dwellings be based on must be specified by the detailed should take into account the effects the historical settlement structure. The zone aims to create additional plan. on neighbouring areas, so as not to Local building materials are pre- opportunities for residential construc- damage the use and natural values of ferred. Additionally, the regional tra- tion for the local community and use adjacent areas. dition should be followed in the pro- the recreational potential of the region 4.3.6. AGRICULTURAL »» Fishing and bathing are not recom- portions and location of buildings. through the development of summer ZONE mended in the port and industrial »» It is recommended to maintain and recreational areas. zone. renovate the historic buildings as »» It is advisable to increase the role of close to the original as possible. Ad- Residential development zone areas are The goal of the zone is to promote ports in the organisation of events, ditionally, the exterior of the building intended for the construction of dwell- environmentally friendly agricultural fishing fairs, sea festivals, etc. should bring out the characteristics ings and their infrastructure provided for production, which helps to preserve of Coastal Swedes. in the comprehensive plans. The resi- the landscapes and communities char- »» It is recommended to consider the dential development zone has been cat- acteristic to coastal areas and ensure 4.3.4. TRADITIONAL risk of flooding when designing new egorised by taking into account the risk employment. SETTLEMENT ZONE housing areas. of flooding. The most important areas of »» It is recommended to maintain the residential development zone are located The zone consists of production farms open agricultural holdings and plan near Dirham and in Elbiku, Spithami, and and areas for agricultural activity (large The zone aims to preserve the local landscape management for areas Riguldi. Smaller areas are also located in fields, meadows, pastures) with the nec- milieu and cultural heritage, raise the not used. If necessary, reed should Rooslepa, Rannaküla, Ristinina, and Hara. essary buildings, facilities, and infrastruc- value of the local living environment be cut. ture. There are individual dwellings in the and recreation area, and support the »» It is not recommended to set up wind Recommendations for residential de- zone. In addition to fields and cultural heritage of the Coastal Swedes. turbines and other large-scale build- velopment zone: grasslands, agricultural zone also con- ings in traditional settlement zone. »» It is recommended to categorise res- sist of coastal semi-natural grasslands. Traditional settlement zone consist of Additionally, dredging and dumping idential development zone areas as The agricultural zone also consist of silty areas of well-preserved settlement struc- should be avoided. The waterline subject to the obligations of detailed shores with low reed-filled sea parts that

15 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA are exposed in wind set-down. The cattle 4.3.7. NATURE ZONE 2 ha) and have natural boundaries. 4.3.9. TARGETED on the coastal pastures moves in the wa- »» The creation of new drainage sys- ter and keeps both the waterline and low tems, the parcelling of land into MARINE pools open (with low vegetation). The The zone is aimed at preserving the plots, and mineral extraction should MANAGEMENT ZONE largest coastal semi-natural grasslands natural values of the area and using be avoided in nature zone. are located near Riguldi and in Hara. it in an environmentally friendly man- »» The semi-natural habitats in the area ner. can be restored. Targeted marine management zone is a Recommendations for agricultural »» For dwellings in the zone, it is rec- marine area that is designed to achieve zone: The nature zone consists of protected ommended to follow the recommen- a specific goal. Other uses are limited for »» It is recommended to maintain drain- areas (except areas with recreational fa- dations for areas of traditional settle- the achievement of this purpose. Restric- age facilities regularly. cilities, which are within the recreation ment. It is advisable not to plan new tions on different activities are greater »» It is recommended not parcel the zone), habitat types set out in Annex I of dwellings in the area. than in the general marine use zone. fields into plots; the forestation of the Habitats Directive (Council Directive »» It is not recommended to set up fields and grasslands should be 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992), and other wind turbines and other large-scale avoided. naturally preserved areas (forests, wet- buildings in nature zone. Additional- 4.3.9.1. TARGETED »» It is recommended to restore and lands, etc.). The nature zone consists of ly, dredging should be avoided. The MARINE maintain semi-natural communities; compact areas, where individual dwell- waterline should also not be changed MANAGEMENT reed should be stored and the land- ings can be located in the forest. (except for the maintenance of land- scapes should be maintained. ing places foreseen in plans). ZONE FOR NATURA »» It is not recommended to set up wind Recommendations for nature zone: 2000 HABITATS turbines and other large-scale build- »» Activities that contribute to the pres- ings (except for buildings related to ervation of nature values in the area 4.3.8. GENERAL agricultural production) in agricultural should be preferred in the nature MARINE USE ZONE The aim of the zone is to ensure the zone. Additionally, dumping should zone. The protected areas are gov- conservation of marine habitat types be avoided. The waterline should erned by the protection rules of the listed in Annex I to the Habitats Direc- also not be changed (except for the area, the area’s management plan, General marine use zone are marine tive. maintenance of landing places fore- and the Nature Conservation Act. areas where all human activities are seen in plans). »» The management of forests located allowed, except for those that are pro- The zone is formed to protect the marine »» It is not advisable to restrict fishing. outside the protected areas should hibited by law or for which the person habitat types listed in Annex I and the »» For dwellings in the zone, it is rec- not be detrimental to the value of does not have the necessary permis- habitats of species listed in Annex II of ommended to follow the recommen- neighbouring recreational areas, ar- sion. the Habitats Directive and the species dations for areas of traditional settle- eas of traditional settlement, and and migratory species listed in Annex I of ment, with the exception of buildings other natural areas. Forests should Recommendations for the use of gen- the Birds Directive in the marine area if related to agricultural production. be managed using selective cuttings eral marine use zone: the protection of these habitats does not instead of regeneration cutting. In »» All human activities are allowed, ex- require a total ban on other uses of the the case of forests that are not of in- cept for those that are prohibited by sea (including, for example, navigation). creased public interest, the plots of law or for which the person does not clear-cutting should be small (up to have the necessary permission.

16 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

Recommendations for the use of tar- 4.3.9.3. TARGETED Recommendations for the use of tar- 4.3.10. ACCESS TO geted marine management zone for geted marine management zone for Natura 2000 habitats WATER SPORT ZONE dumping: THE COAST AND THE »» Dumping, dredging, and building are »» The dumping must be done in accord- SEA forbidden. The purpose of the zone is to create ance with the legislation in force. »» For some habitats, the cutting of safe areas for water sports. »» It is advisable to avoid construction, reed should be encouraged. aquaculture, and dredging in the Access to the coast and sea means pub- dumping areas. licly used roads (which must remain pub- The zone consists of areas reserved licly used); forest trails and hiking trails in 4.3.9.2. TARGETED for water sports near Roosta, Spithami, recreational areas; walking and cycling Dirhami, and Nõva ports. 4.3.9.5. TARGETED trails; access to landing places; and ac- WATER TRANSPORT cess of the maritime rescue. ZONE Recommendations for the use of tar- MARINE geted water sport zone: MANAGEMENT ZONE Recommendations for access: »» It is not advisable to erect structures The objective of the zone is to ensure FOR MILITARY USE »» Publicly used roads must remain pub- or to create aquaculture areas. licly used. If necessary, the terms of the safe navigation of watercraft and »» Damaging of properly marked fishing the development of ports. use of access must be agreed upon gear must be avoided. The purpose of determining the zone with the landowners. is to reserve an area for shooting Water transport zone areas are located »» The landing places should be publicly trainings taking place during a limited used. near ports and the preferred activity is 4.3.9.4. TARGETED time. water transport. Water traffic zone is a MARINE »» It is recommended to ensure that ac- continuation of port and industral zone. cess roads leading to public landing MANAGEMENT ZONE In the case area, the targeted marine places are accessible and passable. The Maritime Administration has desig- management zone for military use is a nated a fairway at the port of Dirhami. »» It is recommended to indicate the ex- FOR DUMPING safety area for the shooting training relat- act location of the landing places on There are no designated fairways near ed to national defence. During a shooting the other ports. the coastline The purpose of the zone is to make it drill, access is prohibited there. The zone »» It is recommended to designate and possible to move the seabed material includes the training areas of Ristinina indicate the places where motorised Recommendations for the use of tar- and Liivase. geted water transport zone: from the dredging of the sea. watercraft can be taken to the sea. »» Watercraft are allowed. In addition to ports (Dirhami, Nõva), In the case area, the targeted marine Recommendations for the use of tar- landing places which are accessible »» Where necessary and in accordance geted water military zone: with the law, dredging operations are management zone for dumping includes by car could be used as access roads. the dumping area of the Dirhami port »» During shooting training, the danger »» It is recommended to maintain public required. zone of the shooting training is pro- »» Fishing by means of professional and the dumping area of the Hara port. paths and roads in forest areas and In the future, it may be necessary to plan hibited. create cycle and pedestrian tracks fishing, dumping, aquaculture, and »» It is recommended not to establish water sports are not recommended. a dumping area for the port of Nõva, as leading to recreation areas. well. wind turbines and aquaculture areas »» It is advisable to start negotiations to the targeted water military zone. with landowners about the access to

17 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE COASTAL AREA BETWEEN HARA PENINSULA AND RISTININA / ICZM PLAN FOR THE LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA

the landing places to which the ac- recreation zone, recreation development cess is closed – for example, Luksi zone, the traditional settlement zone and and Riguldi. the residential development zone are dis- »» It is advisable to create another ac- tinguished. Development is also promot- cess road (using the existing fire ed in the port and industrial zone. barriers for the location) and access to the maritime rescue to Peraküla In zoning the sea area, there was no beach, and a slip for the maritime need to significantly limit the use of the rescue to the dockyard in Vaisi. sea. The sea in the region is an important area for coastal fishing and therefore, it is not advisable to impose significant re- strictions on fishing, except in areas relat- 5. SUMMARY ed to ports, where there may be conflict with water transport.

This land use zoning has been prepared to The principles and methodology used in promote the development of the coastal the land use zoning are also suitable for area between Hara and Ristinina. Due to other coastal areas. the large proportion of sandy beaches in the area, recreation areas are important in the region and the development of recre- ation economy, including marine tourism, is the major economic opportunity for the region. The share of nature areas is also high because the unfavourable soils that formed after the tectonic uplift in the northern part of the region have histori- cally remained a forest area. Considering that the case area only covers coastal ar- eas, it makes sense to focus in particular in the forest management on the main- tenance of the recreational value of the areas, not intensive management. There are more agricultural areas in the south- ern part of the area. The land use zoning has tried to find a balance between the developmental possibilities and the rec- reational values of the area. Therefore,

18