THE LIFE-BOAT.

JOUENAL

OF THE IRo^al National ILife^Boat constitution.

(ISSUED QUABTEBLY,)

I VOL. XIX.—No. 219.] IST FEBRUARY, 1906. [PRICE 3d.

BOAT SAILING AND SAILS. IT might be objected that remarks in boats, and the almost universal adoption the nature of hints or suggestions on of centre-boards, or drop keels, the custom boat sailing are " coals to Newcastle" of sailing instead of tugging at the oars to those who manage the Life-boats of on occasions when sails might be used, the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTI- has steadily increased. The coxswains TUTION, and to a considerable extent and crews will find that their Life-boats, such is the case. A large number of when under sail, will respond more Life-boat stations are worked by men to readily to what is required of them if whom the subject of this article is one only some of the most important in which they are better qualified to and well-known details were better give advice than to receive it, and con- attended to, and it is for this end sequently it is not to them that these that the following suggestions are hints are directed. There are, however, made:— a considerable number of Life-boat sta- tions where the art of boat sailing has RIGS. not been much practised, and others There are practically only three rigs where, although the men are excellent used in the Life-boats of the Institu- in their own fishing-boats, the sailing of tion. There is a fourth rig, but it which has become second nature, they differs so very slightly from that shown do not shine when they have to manage in Fig. 2, that it is hardly necessary to a Life-boat under sail. The rig is new refer to it. Fig. 1 shows the rig used in to them, and they are often careless in the Norfolk and Suffolk type Life-boats, such important details as having their viz., dipping fore-lug and standing mizen sails properly set and their boats with an outrigger. Some of the large correctly trimmed. Self-righting boats are also rigged with Since the introduction of the beauti- a dipping fore-lug, but in their case the ful Watson type of Life-boat, the spread rnizen mast is stepped at the second of the sturdy broad-beamed Liverpool thwart from aft, and there is no out- type, and the vast improvement in the rigger for mizen sheet or bumpkin for Self-righting type, especially the smaller fore-tack.

VOL. XIX.—No. 219.—LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. 576 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IsT FEBRUARY, 1906.

Fig. 2. Standing fore-lug, jib, and amount of canvas shown, but it must standing mizen lug. A veiy popular be remembered that Life-boats are not rig used in the Watson, Liverpool, and intended for fine weather, and their Self-righting Life-boats. The larger sails are practically storm sails. Watson boats carry a mizen-boom with this rig (as is shown), but the boom is SAILS. not fitted in the other boats. A properly cut sail is a thing of Fig. 3. Standing fore-lug, jib, and beauty, and a badly cut sail is the jib-headed mizen, popular with some reverse—at any rate to the seaman's of the coxswains of the smaller Self- eye. In times gone by it used to be

Fig.!. righting Life-boats. It will be observed considered that it was better to have that the position of the mizen mast some "belly" in the sail than to have it prevents the use of a tiller. flat. This is an exploded idea, proved In all the above figures the balance of wrong over and over again by modern sail is very carefully adjusted, so that practice. The flatter the sail is the the centre of effort shall be slightly better the boat will go to windward. ahead of the centre of lateral resistance, It is not of so much importance when experience having shown that these running with the wind free and of relative positions are the best, allowing course in sails not fitted with booms it the boat when in normal trim to carry is impossible to preserve the flatness in just sufficient weather helm. this condition. Yachts by having the The first thing that would strike a head of their sails " brought to" a gaff, fisherman or a yachtsman on looking and the foot laced to a boom, are able at these sail-plans is the very small to have a flat sail at every point of IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 577 sailing, and it is pretty certain this .hem blow about, taking care that the custom would not prevail unless it was sails are neither hoisted too taut up the right one. It is not intended by nor the sheets flattened aft. This gives these remarks to convey the idea that ;he canvas and roping an opportunity in sailing to windward the sheets should of stretching gently and equally. be got as near amidships as possible and Of all faults in a fore and aft sail roused aft. Far from it. The exact a baggy afterleach is the worst and angle with the keel to which the sail ,he commonest. This may be the fault has to be trimmed can only be found of the sailmaker, or of the first treat- out by experience, and it will be ment of the sail, or possibly the sling is generally found that in light winds .n the wrong position on the yard ; but and smooth water the boat will stand whatever the cause, it should be got rid having her sheets flattened aft better of at all hazards, for such a fault makes than she will in a seaway and strong the afterpart of the sail a " back " sail, wind. and consequently impedes the boat. A The sailmaker's art is a difficult one, shaking afterleach is not pretty, but far and is one in which this country has preferable to a baggy one. of late made very great progress. Mr. One more remark with regard to Ratsey's sails are admired all the world sails. All lug sails should be marked over, and there are now few sea-ports, on the head by the sailmaker, to show especially fishing ports, where a sailmaker the position of the sling, and it will be cannot be found capable of turning out generally found that the sailmaker's excellent work. But the sailmaker's position will only vary by a few inches art is thrown away if the proper manner from the actual position of the sling on of treating a new sail is neglected, and the yard found by subsequent experi- many a new sail is utterly ruined by ment. rough and improper treatment. If the SETTING SAILS. sailmaker's work is not to be spoiled All Life-boats' sails are " blown out" when the sail is first bent— first, and then carefully set (the sail- Don't haul the head taut out on the maker being present at the time) before yard. Haul it out hand taut, and in the boats are sent to the coast. In the " bringing the sail to" be very careful smaller Life-boats the slings are iron that the head rope is exactly under the bands screwed into position on the centre of the yard. yards. It was found absolutely neces- Don't sweat the halyards up to the sary to adopt this plan, for the old- last inch. fashioned rope slings were continually Don't rouse the sheet aft with all being moved about by careless men on handa on it; and above all, don't get a the coast and the set of the sails ruined. new sail wet unless it is unavoidable, The larger Life-boats have " fish-plate " and if so, be careful to ease in the head slings seized on to the yards. of the sail and check the halyards and Setting sail in a Life-boat is an opera- sheets. tion which never should be done in a Should the above points be neglected hurry, for if ever the saying " more the sail will be spoilt, because it will haste less speed" is appropriate, it is be unfairly stretched; it will probably here. be baggy, and neither the foot nor the Whether the boat is starting under afterleach will ever look a credit to the sail from a slipway, or has hauled out unfortunate sailmaker. It is a very on a warp, or has pulled clear of the good practice to hoist new sails on a broken water, the more care that is fine day with a light breeze, and le taken in setting sail the quicker will 578 THE LIFE-BOAT. [!ST FEBRUARY, 1906. the boat get to her destination. In the the smaller ones must use their jib for case of a Life-boat having pulled out staying the mast, consequently the jib through broken water and got clear of has to be set to attain this object, and

it, generally it is better to anchor and must be hoisted taut up, the tack being get the masts up and sails set than to hauled out as close as possible to the do this whilst the boat is being drifted fairlead on the fore-end box. Unless to leeward all the time. the fore-mast is well stayed the fore-lug It is quite unnecessary to address any will never set satisfactorily, the mast remarks to those who man the Life- will sag aft, the clew will drop, and boats fitted with dipping lugs (Fig. 1), the lead of the sheet be thrown out as to setting sails, for they are fully altogether. competent in the matter, and are accus- The mizen lug has a great disadvantage tomed to work their own boats, which to contend with in not being able to are rigged in a similar manner. Suffice have a stay to the mast, as such a fitting it to say that no boat should have a would be in the way of the fore-lug and dipping lug rig unless those who man its sheets when tacking, but to get as her are intimately acquainted with it; good a support as possible the halyards in the hands of skilled men it is a rig and shrouds are each taken as far ahead difficult to beat, but a great danger to of the mast as circumstances will admit. men ignorant as to how to properly In Fig. 3 the jib-headed mizen is fitted handle it. with a boom, and as it is laced both to In the standing-lug rigs (Figs. 2 and 3), the mast and boom great care must be the matter of first importance is to stay taken to see that it is properly " brought the fore-mast properly before hoisting to " before the mast is stepped. This is the fore-lug. The larger Life-boats are always a difficult sail to get to stand fitted with a fore-stay and purchase, but really well, but many coxswains like it IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 579 on account of the ease with which it can also), there is no need to lift the mast be got up and down, and the small space in order to point the heel for the step, it occupies when stowed in the boat. consequently it can be pushed up into The degree of flatness of the sheets position, using the jib halyards as a stay will depend on several circumstances, if necessary, without the need for anyone but if the masts are properly stayed, to stand up or move out of his place. and the sails properly hoisted, the chief This is a drill which should never step to having well-set sails will be be neglected, more especially in places attained. where there are large numbers of men It is of the greatest importance in to draw from, resulting in frequent getting the masts up and setting the sails changes in the boat's crew. that perfect order should be preserved in the boat. A Life-boat, like a man-of- TBIHMING AND STEERING. war's cutter, has such a large crew that It is difficult to overrate the impor- unless this evolution be made a regular tance of paying the strictest attention drill and the men accustomed to carry to the trim of the boat. The sailmaker's out the whole operation without standing art in cutting good sails and the crew's up and moving about the boat, they will trouble in carefully setting them is only get in each other's way and cause thrown away if proper steps are not confusion. The coxswain, assistant cox- taken to ascertain the best trim and swain, and bowman, are the only men to exercise proper skill in steering. that need stand up at all (this of course The normal trim of Life-boats in the does not apply to the largest sailing condition of having all their gear on Life-boats), all the crew should remain board and the crew in their places is seated on their thwarts, and the coxswain about 3 inches by the stern, for, generally should station them to attend to what- speaking, such a trim is found to be the

Fif.3. ever rope is nearest to them. The fore- best, but the exact trim for each boat mast being usually pivoted in a steel can only be found by experiment. No tabernacle (very often the mizen mast two boats behave exactly the same. It 580 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IsT FEBRUARY, 1906.

is a well-known fact that two boats may trim by moving the men have failed, be built alongside each other from the the water-ballast, being low down and same lines, and come out the same weight amidships, is in the best position, and when finished, and be to all intents consequently should, if possible, be left and purposes exactly the same until alone. In running the men should be they come to be tried under canvas, kept well aft so as to immerse the stern when the "personal equation" soon deeply, otherwise the boat will yaw makes itself apparent. Such being the about and have a tendency to broach to. case it will readily be seen how necessary When the Life-boat is fitted with two it is for coxswains to learn their boats. dvop-keels the coxswain will find that They should find out their best trim by she will stesr steadier in running if the experiment on every point of sailing and aft-keel is lowered and the fore-keel in different conditions of sea, for the triced up. He also will find that his trim which is found best in smooth boat will stay easier if, before putting water is not necessarily so good for his helm down, the after drop-keel be rough. triced up. He will then be able to sail Life-boats have an advantage over his boat round on to the other tack, other boats in regard to trim, because using comparatively little helm. on account of the air cases at the bow Whilst on the subject of drop-keels and stern in all types except the Norfolk it is as well to refer to the popular and Suffolk (where the men like free fallacy, which dies very hard, that drop- access to the extreme ends), the weights keels make a boat stiffer under sail. cannot be put into the ends. The reverse is the fact (unless, of course, To ascertain the best trim it is as the drop-keel is a very heavy metal one well after the sails are properly set to for the object of ballast), the boat is beat the boat to windward, care being cranker when the drop-keels are down. taken not to have the sheets too flat, She is more weatherly because the area and not to "pin" the boat by sailing of the drop-keel prevents her from being her too close. Then by moving the pressed to leeward, but the pressure is men about, the trim can be found which being exerted on the lee side, and being enables the coxswain to steer his boat below the centre of gravity it is obvious j with ease, but at the same time carrying that it must tend to make the boat heel sufficient weather helm to admit of the over. boat coming gradually up in the wind In conclusion, a few words on steering if the tiller is let go. In moving the may not be amiss. The sails are well crew about it is best to move the whole set and the boat properly trimmed, but of them a little further aft or a little she will not do her best unless her further forward according as to whether coxswain's hand is in sympathy with the boat is carrying too much or too her. Sailing a boat has often been little weather helm, of course moving compared with the management of a them aft if the boat " gripes " or carries horse's mouth, the man who is continually too much weather helm, and forward if jamming his helm up and down will soon the helm is too slack. If in boats fitted find that he will get his boat steering wild with water-ballast the requisite trim just like a heavy-handed man will spoil cannot conveniently be found by moving his horse's mouth and temper. The wind the crew, the trim can be assisted by never being quite steady, and the water pumping out or filling the tanks as not perfectly smooth, it is evident that necessary, but this should not be resorted two forces are always acting to prevent to, especially in beating to windward, the boat from remaining in the same con- until all attempts to obtain a perfect dition, consequently too much attention IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 581

cannot be exerted on observing and more pitiful sight than a boat " pinned" watching, so as to humour the boat by and sagging to leeward is not to be the slightest, sometimes almost imper- seen. ceptible, movement of the tiller. To Another frequent mistake is that of men whose lives are spent in sailing not reefing soon enough. In the smaller boats, this sympathy with the boat is classes of Self-righting Life-boats it is second nature, and is exerted quite un- not to be expected that they will stand consciously ; but to those who have not up to their canvas like the more beamy got it, and there are many such in Life- Watson and Liverpool boats, and the boats, they should strive to cultivate it. nearer a boat is kept to an upright The worst mistake in sailing a boat is position, the better will she sail; conse- to try and sail too close to the wind quently as soon as these boats begin to with the sheets dragged aft as flat as put their gunwales down, the sails possible; this is especially the case in should be reefed. In the Watson and Life-boats which are heavy boats and Liverpool boats it is equally necessary under-canvassed, and consequently re- to reef in time, otherwise the masts will quire all that can be given them to help be blown out of them. them through the water. There is a Much more of course could be said on happy medium between too close and the subject of boat sailing and sails, too far off the wind, but in a Life-boat but in a short article like this, it is only if an error has to be made, let it be by necessary to call attention to the salient having her too far off the wind. A points.

LIFE-BOAT SATURDAY. SUCH serious problems as the " Unem- great national work of life-saving which ployed " and the stagnation and alleged the Institution has assiduously carried decline of trade, added to the general on for upwards of fourscore years, and unrest throughout Europe on account of to assist which the Life-boat Saturday the Russo-Japanese war, now happily at Fund was originated and has since con- an end, one and all rendered the self- tinuously worked. We must cheerfully denying, although self-imposed, task of hope that the "bad times" are beginning those connected with the Life-boat to get behind us, and that the new Saturday Fund, a more than usually year may prove in every way a more difficult one during the past year. prosperous one than the last—for the Difficulties, however, and opposition Empire, for our people, and for the have been gallantly and bravely met, Life-boat cause. In any case, " come and taking all things into consideration, good or come bad," one thing is per- the hard work of 1905—given without fectly certain, namely, that " Life-boat stint or sparing—has in the aggregate Saturday " will not be allowed to suffer, produced far better results than might but that every effort will be made by well have been expected. The inspiring the Auxiliaries and Committees through- and patriotic objects of the ROYAL out the country to maintain and extend NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION are its operations, always bearing in mind excellent weapons to conjure with, but the never-to-be-forgotten fact that still even the best of weapons and the there is, and ever will be, "sorrow on grandest of objects become in them- the sea," which it is the duty as well selves almost powerless and useless as the privilege of every Britisher to unless wielded by those endued with endeavour to lessen by aiding and sup- unbounded enthusiasm and unflagging porting such excellent means for the effort. Congratulations are therefore purpose as those employed by THE due to those who have " laboured Jong ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE - BOAT LYSTI- and laboured well" to promote the TUTION. 582 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST FEBRUARY, 1906.

THE KING AND THE COXSWAIN. WHEN His Majesty the King was becoming a total wreck. The date of staying for a few days at Londeshorough the rescues was twenty-five years to a Park last October, John Owston, the day prior to his interview with His Coxswain superintendent of the Scar- Majesty. The King asked Owston borough Life-boat, was sent for by Lord several questions, who in reply stated Londesborough to assist the shooting that he had been the Coxswain of the parties. After the King had performed Scarborough Life-boat since 1872, and the ceremony of planting a tree in the that he had been Coxswain longer and park, he saw Owston standing by, and had saved more lives than any other noticing that he was wearing the silver \ Coxswain on the Yorkshire coast. medal of the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT " That's good ! that's good ! " exclaimed INSTITUTION, walked up to him, saying, the King. His Majesty appeared " That's a fine medal you've got, my interested in all that the gallant man. It's for saving life " The veteran Coxswain told him, and when he wound Life-boatman explained that it had been up with the remark that he felt it a given him by the Institution, in 1880, great honour to stand at the side for going out in the Scarborough Life- of his King that day, His Majesty boat five times in one day, and assisting laughed heartily and seemed to be to save 28 lives, each of the five vessels pleased.

THE WRECK REGISTER AND CHART FOR THE YEAR ENDED THE 30m JUNE, 1904. THE Blue Book recently issued by the recognising the services of their gallant Board of Trade furnishing abstracts of Life-boat crews and others. the shipping casualties which occurred The total number of the shipping on or near the coasts of the United casualties occurring on or near the Kingdom, from the 1st July, 1903, to coasts of the United Kingdom in the the 30th June, 1904, is not less inter- year 1903-4 was 4,668. a small increase esting than its predecessors. Its of 311 as compared with the total for the admirably arranged tables show only previous year. The number of lives too plainly and sadly, not simply the lost as the result of the casualties was terrible loss of property which the 269, a considerable decrease of 70 as casualties entailed, but—which is of compared with the corresponding figures paramount importance—the large num- : for the year 1902-3, when the number ber of lives which were in jeopardy and of the lost lives was 339. many of whom perished. The number The 4,668 casualties in question in- of those who lost their Jives would of cluded all descriptions of accidents course have been greatly increased had befalling vessels of any class, viz.— it not been for the excellent rescue collisions, founderings, strandings, miss- work done by the crews of the ROYAL ing vessels, etc., and are classified thus : NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION and (1) Total loss; (2) serious casualties; by the Rocket Brigades. (3) minor casualties. In the cases of In accordance with our usual practice, total loss and serious casualties there we think it desirable to draw the special was an unfortunate increase of 81 as attention of the public to the more im- j compared with the year 1902-3, the portant statistics which are furnished in total number being 1,371. There was the " Wreck Abstracts," and in doing : also an increase of 230 in the number of so are sure that the information given minor casualties, the total of these being will afford interest to all, but more 3,297. It is, however, very satisfactory especially to those who support the to note that, notwithstanding the in- LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION and aid it in crease in number under all the heads of IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 583 casualties, the number in which life was boats of the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT lost was only 88, a decrease of 6 aa INSTITUTION. compared with the preceding year. It will be seen that the Life-boats are The cases of collision, as usual, repre- so stationed as to be able to render the sented a large proportion of the 4,668 best and most ready assistance to the casualties, the total being 1,671, or 219 crews of distressed vessels. more than in the previous year. The Between 1861 and the 30th June, 1904, cases of total loss, excluding collisions, —6,524 British, Foreign and Colonial fell from 270 to 269, and, curiously vessels were wrecked on or near the enough, the number of serious casual- coasts of the United Kingdom, in each ties was 668, the same as that in case involving loss of life, the total the year 1902-3. The total number number of lives lost as the result being of minor casualties, also irrespective 28,040. Of the 269 lives which perished of collisions, increased from 1,967 during the year 1903-4, 218 were from to 2,060. British and Colonial vessels, and 51 from Of the 4,668 casualties, 4,210 befel Foreign vessels. As compared with the British and Colonial vessels, and 458 preceding year, these figures show a Foreign vessels, the former showing an decrease of 14 as regards British and increase of 304 as compared with the Colonial vessels, and 56 in connection previous year, and the latter a small with Foreign vessels. Of the 269 lives increase of 7 casualties. lost, 51 were in vessels which foundered, The localities of the casualties, ex- 100 in collisions, 34 in stranded vessels cluding collisions, were :—East coast of (a large decrease of 80), 40 in missing England, 739, or 57 more than in the vessels (a decrease of 17 as compared year 1902-3; south coast, 531, a large with the previous year), 44 in explosions, increase of 117 as against the preceding washed overboard, etc. It is interesting year; west coast of England and Scot- to note that of the 269 lives lost during land and east coast of Ireland, 1,118, a the year 1903-4,15 only were passengers, decrease of 98 as compared with the the great majority of those who perished year 1902-3; north coast of Scotland, being officers or members of the crews of 125, a decrease of 22; east coast of the shipwrecked vessels. Scotland, 170, an increase of 13; other Each year the number of vessels parts, 314, also an increase of 25; having casualties on or near the coasts of total, 2,997, or 92 more than the the United Kingdom must necessarily previous year. vary. The following table furnishes the The loss of life resulting from 'the i statistics for the last half-century :— 4,668 casualties, including all descrip- i 1854 (last six months), 458; 1855, tions of casualty, and allocated to the 1,141; 1856, 1,153 ; 1857, 1,143 ; 1858, several districts before-mentioned, was 1,170 ; 1859,1,416 ; 1860, 1,379 ; 1861, as follows :—East coast of England, 67, 1,494 ; 1862, 1,827 ; 1863, 2,001 ; 1864, or 1 less than in 1902-3; south coast I 1,741; 1865, 2,012 ; 1866, 2,289 ; 1867, of England, 46, or 2 more than the pre- 2,513; 1868,2,131; 1869, 2,594; 1870, vious year ; west coast of England and 1,865; 1871,1,927; 1872,2,381; 1873 Scotland and east coast of Ireland, 74, a (first six months), 1,206; 1873-4,2,191 ; decrease of 27 ; north coast of Scotland, 1874-5, 4,259 ; 1875-6, 4,554 ; 1876-7, 21, an increase of 7 as compared with 5,017 ; 1877-8, 4,436 ; 1878-9, 3,716 ; the corresponding figures for 1902-3 ; 1879-80,3,138; 1880-1,4,297; 1881- east coast of Scotland, 13, a decrease of 2, 4,367 ; 1882-3, 4,363 ; 1883-4, 4,405 ; 4 ; other parts, 48 : total, 269. 1884-5, 3,764 ; 1885-6, 3,596 ; 1886-7, It will be observed on reference to the 4,224 ; 1887-8, 4,004 ; 1888-9, 4,272 ; chart of the United Kingdom, issued 1889-90,4,344; 1890-1,4,198; 1891- year by year, that a black dot has been 2, 4,710 ; 1892-3,3,499 ; 1893-4, 4,951; entered against each spot on the coast 1894-5, 4,917 ; 1895-6, 4,620 ; 1896-7, where any serious shipping casualty oc- 5,277; 1897-8,4,964; 1898-9,5,040; curred during the year which ended the 1899-1900,4,067; 1900-1,4,008; 1901 30th June, 1904, and, in addition, the -2, 4,124; 1902-3, 4,357; 1903-4, 4,668. precis* position of each of the 282 Life- Total, 166,188.

2 M 3 To CLCc.ompa.nv t/<«? Life Boat

THE YJEAR 1903-1904.

SHOWIN& ALSO THE PILE LIFE BOAT STATIONS OT? THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE BOAT INSTITUTION.

Daring the. year enjrd t/iejfff' Jane 1902, the Number ofVessels last or dajnaged on t lie coizsts. attd in cft^ seas of th.e United cases oTninwt&Ttuijie was thz ioss o aj! far a~s caji^ be ascertained, was

STANOIOGE*C?,LlMITED,I.ITHO-56,OLOljEWftYAI0,WORSH1PST«eET,£.C. / To CLCc.ompa.nv t/<«? Life Boat

THE YJEAR 1903-1904.

SHOWIN& ALSO THE PILE LIFE BOAT STATIONS OT? THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE BOAT INSTITUTION.

Daring the. year enjrd t/iejfff' Jane 1902, the Number ofVessels last or dajnaged on t lie coizsts. attd in cft^ seas of th.e United cases oTninwt&Ttuijie was thz ioss o aj! far a~s caji^ be ascertained, was

STANOIOGE*C?,LlMITED,I.ITHO-56,OLOljEWftYAI0,WORSH1PST«eET,£.C. / 584 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1st FEBRUARY, 1906.

It is found, on examination of the their life-saving work, and there are "Wreck Abstracts" for the last 51 now 312 life-saving stations under their years, that, during those years, as many charge. The number of lives saved as 31,879 persons perished from ship- during the year 1904-5 by this means wreck on or near the coasts of the was 173, an increase of 31 as compared United Kingdom. These figures are with the total for the previous year. terrible indeed to contemplate, but it is The Committee of Management of well to note at the same time that this the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTI- sad total of lives lost would have been TUTION are at the present time greatly more than doubled had it not been for in need of increased financial support to the 35,224 lives saved by the Life-boats enable them to carry on efficiently the of the ROYAL, NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT IN- important and national life - saving STITUTION and the other means which it service committed to their charge. uses and recognises. It will be seen, They would urge all who have the therefore, that the total of lives saved interests of their country at heart to exceeded that of the lives lost by 3,345. assist them generously and promptly, H.M. Coastguard, by means of the and they feel that the grand result of rocket apparatus, assisted by the rocket the INSTITUTION'S work during the last brigades—all under the able manage- 81 years amply justifies the appeal ment of the Board of Trade—continue which they so confidently and earnestly to carry on efficiently and successfully make.

CIVIL SERVICE LIFE-BOAT FUND.

THE Thirty-Ninth Annual Meeting of penses it had entailed in the year in the Committee of this Fund was held i respect of the seven Civil Service Life- on the 26th ultimo, and was presided boats and Stations provided by the over by the Right Hon. Sir RALPH H. Fund, and including 600/. to strengthen KNOX, K.C.B. Mr. CHAELES DIBDIN, j the endowment funds of the Boats, the Hon. Secretary, reported that the ! which have been instrumentaf in Fund had continued to receive liberal saving 495 lives. The total amount support from the Civil Service during paid to the National Institution by the past year, the number of contribu- the Fund since its establishment in tors having again exceeded 26,000. The ; 1866 has been 33.726Z. 8s. 6«Z., all Fund had paid in 1905 to the ROYAL of which has been raised in half- NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, ; crown subscriptions and other small 1,536Z. 16s. 2d., to meet all the ex- amounts.

NEW LIFE-BOATS.

NORTH DEAL, KENT • AND FETHARD, in 1813, and of his great grandson, for Co. WEXFORD.—The Life-boats placed thirty-six years past its honorary sec- by the Institution on these stations have retary. The Life-boat is fully endowed. recently been replaced by new boats— The Fethard new boat is also of the the North Deal boat being a large sail- self-righting type, and is named, like her ing boat of the self-righting type, named predecessor, the Helen Blake, her cost the Charles Dibdin, her cost having been and endowment having been met from provided by the Civil Service Life-boat the munificent bequest of the late Mrs. Fund, and she is so named in memory Blake, of Handcross, Sussex, for this of the celebrated naval poet, who died particular part of the Irish coast. IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 585

SERVICES OF THE LIFE-BOATS OF THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. WALMER, KENT.—On the 1st October, There were seven hands all told on during hazy weather, the barquentine board and these were successfully rescued Juno, of Riga, stranded on the South and taken to Palling. The position of Goodwin Sands, whilst bound from the vessel was very critical, and she Portsmouth to Sunderland. Informa- subsequently became a wreck. tion reached the Coxswain of the Life- boat about 9 A.M., and with all speed the MARGATE, KENT.—During a moderate Civil Service No. 4 Life-boat was launched northerly gale and heavy sea, on the to her assistance. On arriving along- 6th October, a vessel was observed about side the Captain declined to leave his 7 A.M. to make signals denoting that vessel, but requested the Coxswain to she required help. She had been riding stand by in case they were unable to to anchor in the Princess Channel, but loat her. In this, however, they were in a heavy squall lost both anchors successful, and the Coxswain finding and chains. The Life-boat's crew that no further assistance was required were promptly summoned, and the returned to his station. Life-boat, Civil Service No. 1, was launched. In the meanwhile the vessel WINTERTON, NORFOLK. — The bar- was seen running down the channel, quentine Britannia, of Guernsey, whilst and the boat made for her. Three men bound from London to Hartlepool, with difficulty were put on board, but stranded on the Cockle Sand on the owing to the heavy seas no more could 4th October. There was a moderate be transferred. A second attempt en- N.W. gale blowing, increasing to a abled four more to board her, and steps heavy gale, and the sea on the sands were taken to set saris and get the craft was very heavy. A yawl was launched into safety, in this they were successful, at once and proceeded to the vessel, but the vessel, which was the schooner owing to the heavy sea it was thought Margaret Hobley, of Millom, being taken prudent to signal for the Life-boat. to Ramsgate Harbour. At the time of This was done, and in response the the accident, she was bound from Dover No. 1 Life-boat, Edward Sirlebeck, was to London in ballast and had four men promptly despatched. On arriving at the ou board. vessel both the Life-boat crew and the yawl's crew were engaged to try and POINT OF AYR, FLINTSHIRE.—Informa- save her. This they succeeded in doing tion having been received on the llth on the flood-tide, and the vessel, accom- October that a vessel was ashore on panied by the Life-boat, was taken into the West Hoyle Bank, steps were taken Yarmouth. Owing to the state of the to verify it, and at 5.35 P.M. signals weather the Life-boat men were unable were fired for the Life-boat. With all to regain their station, they therefore despatch the H. 0. Powell was launched returned home by train; and, five days and proceeded to the scene of the later, when the wind moderated, they casualty. She proved to be the barque took the Life-boat back to Winterton. Daniel, of Tvedestrand,bound for France, in ballast, and had stranded in the pre- vailing thick weather. As the prospect PALLING, NORFOLK.—At 3.30 A.M., on of re-floating the barque was good, the the 5th October, during a strong north- Life-boat stood by her in case her services westerly gale and a very heavy sea, the might be required, but later, when the Coastguardobservedavessel ashore about vessel came off, it was found that she half a mile to the north of Palling. He was not seriously damaged; the Life- reported the matter to the Coxswain, who boat therefore accompanied her to a at once summoned the crew and helpers. safe anchorage and then left for her With all despatch the No. 1 Life-boat, 54rt station. West Norfolk Regiment, was launched and proceeded to the distressed vessel—the DUNBAR, HADDINGTONSHIRE.—About Sarnian Gem, of Littlehampton. 6 o'clock on the morning of the 13th 586 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IsT FEBRUARY, 1906.

October, whilst a strong northerly gale sea, huge waves driving her nearer and was blowing, a steamer which proved nearer to the rocky shore, and as she to be the King Ja Ja, of Swansea, bound was lifted by each successive breaker, it from Newcastle to Methil, with a cargo looked as if both boat and crew would of steam rails, was sighted in a perilous be dashed to pieces; but aided by the position in close proximity to the rocks sails which had now been set, sea-room a few miles west of Cockburnspath. was ultimately gained, and the Life- The Life-boat, Willian Arthur Millward, boat made for the imperilled steamer, was promptly launched, but as it was which by this time was about half-way almost low water and the wind and sea between May Island and St. Abb's Head. were against the boat, the beachmen With such a sea running the rescue were compelled to haul her by ropes to of the crew was attended with mnch the mouth of the new harbour; there a danger, the Life-boat incurring great very strong swell was encountered, but risk of being dashed against the helpless the Life-boat behaved splendidly. On vessel. More than an hour was occu- reaching the steamer it was found that pied in establishing communication and her machinery had broken down. The drawing the crew—six in number—by

Copyright, Inserted (•!/ tintf permission 0} Mr. T. T. Riss'l Life-boat remained alongside for about lines through the sea to the Life-boat, four hours, and the machinery in the and directly this was accomplished the meantime having been repaired, the return journey was commenced. Hav- steamer was able to proceed to sea again. ing both wind and sea to contend with The Life-boat therefore returned to her it was nearly three hours later when station, arriving shortly before 1 o'clock; port was reached, and the excellent but in less than an hour the steamer seamanship displayed by the Coxswain, again sent up signals of distress, having Mr. Fairbairn, in crossing the bar, was become quite unmanageable. By this much admired by the many spectators time the northerly gale had caused the who awaited the return of the Life-boat. sea to rise tremendously, and it was The rescued men were at once taken in doubtful if the Life-boat would be able by the Shipwrecked Mariners Society, to again get to sea. No time however to whose care they were handed over was lost in making what proved to be not by Mr. Bertram, the energetic Honorary only a gallant but a successful attempt. Secretary at Dunbar, under whose super- The crew were got together and the intendence the rescue work had been boat was again hauled by the beachmen carried out. to the harbour mouth. Immediately The abandoned steamer had in the she got outside she was caught by the meantime drifted on to the rocks near FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 587

Thomtonlooh, •where she lay exposed to a special mark of their appreciation of the full fury of the elements, and shortly these splendid and gallant services — afterwards became a wreck. more particularly that to the S.S. Two days later—Sunday—a violent King Ja Ja—to confer the Silver Medal northerly gale, with blinding showers of of the Institution, accompanied by a snow and sleet prevailed, and at about framed copy of the vote, inscribed on 3 P.M. a barque was observed off Skate- vellum, upon the Coxswain Superinten- raw, displaying signals of distress. The dent, Mr. Walter Fairbaim, and granted Life-boat William Arthur Milhvard was him and each member of the crew an at once despatched and within an hour additional pecuniary reward. arrived alongside the distressed vessel. The Honorary Secretary, Mr. W. She proved to be the barque Ugunjeems, Bertram, was indefatigable during these of Riga, bound from Burntisland to four days, and his valuable services were Riga, with a cargo of coal and had been also suitably recognised by the Committee driven by the fury of the gale danger- of Management. ously near to the rocks. Her anchors CAISTER, NORFOLK.—Signals of dis- were then holding, but there was great tress were seen shortly after 7 P.M. on risk of their dragging at any minute; the 19th October from the Barber Sands, the Master notwithstanding declined and in response the No. 2 Life-boat the help of the Life-boat, and desired Nancy Lucy was launched. When near that the Coxswain would send for the the sands the brigantine Primula of assistance of tugs. Accordingly the Istorp, was seen with heavy seas break- Life - boat returned to Dunbar ; but ing over her; the masts had gone by about 7 P.M. the same evening the j the board and her crew of eight were in weather became worse, and she was | considerable danger. To approach the again launched and stood by the barque | wreck was attended with much risk, throughout the night. At 5 o'clock the i and it was only after three unsuccessful next morning the vessel was still hold- j attempts that the men were rescued. ing to her anchors and the crew declined j During the operation the sea dashed to leave her, hoping that tugs would '• over both vessel and Life-boat, wetting come to their help; the Life-boat men j everyone through. When the work of by this time were suffering severely j rescue was completed the Life-boat made from the cold and want of food; sail [ for Yarmouth and the shipwrecked men was therefore made to return home. were landed soon after midnight in an The boat was seen off Dunbar about exhausted condition due to the cold and 8 A.M., and signals were at once made to exposure. Caister was then made for, warn the crew from attempting to come and when there was sufficient daylight in, as the breakers were much too heavy the boat was hauled up. for her to cross the harbour entrance in safety. The signals were observed and ARDROSSAN, AYRSHIRE.—Late on the the Life-boat put to sea again. After night of the 25th October the s.a. beating about the Firth of Forth all the Araucania of Glasgow stranded on the morning, they made for Cockenzie, and rooks known as the " Inches," outside shortly after 2 P.M. that port was reached Ardrossan harbour. The vessel had in safety. The crew were in a very ex- left dock with a cargo of coals for hausted condition, having suffered much Genoa, and broke down shortly after from the heavy seas which continually putting to sea. The weather was com- broke over their boat, leaving them in a paratively fine when the accident wet and pitiable condition. They were occurred, but towards morning the immediately cared for and received great S.W. wind increased to a strong breeze, kindness at the hands of the inhabitants. and the Life-boat James Stevens No. 8 As there was no abatement in the storm was launched and took off part of the the men remained at Cockenzie for the crew and landed them. The vessel lay night and returned home with the Life- in a bad position, and the weather, as boat next day. the morning went on, got worse, the The Committee of Management at wind increasing to a gale and bringing up their meeting next following decided, as heavy breaking seas. As towards mid- 588 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isr FEBRUARY, 1906. day the position of the men on board ing to St. Andrew's, which had been was one of decided danger, the Life- waiting for the tide, were observed in boat was again launched and pro- a position of considerable danger, and ceeded to the steamer. On coming along- as any attempt to come into harbour side, the task of taking off the captain would be attended with great risk, the and the remainder of the crew was one Life-boat Louisa was launched and sent ef the utmost difficulty, heavy seas to stand by them. A man was placed sweeping over the steamer to windward, on each of the boats, and life-belts were and the rocks to leeward preventing the lent to those already on board. A start boat taking shelter. At length the rescue was then made, the Life-boat remaining was accomplished, bat whilst the crew closely in attendance, in case the small were being taken off a wave drove the boat crafts should be swamped. Consider- against the wreck and stove her bows. able difficulty was experienced, but hap- When the wreck was cleared it was pily both boats reached shelter in safety, found that the boat was almost unwork- and the Life-boat was able to return able, the Coxswain therefore with good ashore. judgment, made no attempt to regain WEXFORD, IRELAND.—During a S.E. the harbour, but put about and with gale on the 9th November signals of considerable skill beached her on the distress were seen in the direction of south beach. The service was an excel- the Dogger Bank, and with all haste lent one and resulted in the saving of the Life-boat James Stevens No. 15 was twenty-three lives. launched to render assistance. When NEWHAVEN, SUSSEX.—At 7 o'clock on crossing the bar rough and broken the morning of the 2nd November, a seas were encountered and considerable message was received from the Coast- difficulty was experienced in reaching guard, stating that a vessel was in dis- the vessel owing to the set of the tide tress about four miles to the east of across the bank. The Life-boat went Newhaven. The signal was fired, and alongside the vessel, which proved to be within a quarter of an hour the Life- the ketch Elizabeth, of Bude, and suc- boat was launched and proceeded to the ceeded in rescuing the crew of three place indicated, where they found the hands, together with their dog, and s.s. Millgate, of Manchester, riding with landed them at the Life-boat station. a heavy list to port, her cargo having The ketch was bound from Saunders- shifted. There was a moderate S.W. foot to Wexford, and had a cargo of gale blowing, with a heavy sea, and at coal on board. the request of the Captain, the Life- YARMOUTH, NORFOLK. — The Yar- boat stood by. Half an hour later, the mouth Life-boat men were exposed for position of the ten persons on board be- more than eleven hours to the fury of came perilous and all were taken into a strong S.S.E. gale and heavy sea, in the boat. She then stood by the connection with the wreck of the barque steamer for another hour to see whether Erna, of Arendal, which became un- it would be possible to save her, but manageable when off Yarmouth, on the suddenly the vessel turned completely llth November. The barque was bound over and foundered. The Life-boat then from Kramfors, Sweden, to Yarmouth, returned to Newhaven, and landed the with a cargo of timber, and had practi- rescued men. This was a good service, cally reached her destination when mis- in a heavy sea, and smartly performed, fortune overtook her. About 10.30 A.M. the boat behaving very well indeed and her anchors parted, and she commenced the Committee of Management granted to drive towards the beach. The Life- an additional reward to each of the boat John BurcJi was promptly launched, crew. and shortly after she reached the barque ST. ANDREW'S, FIFESHIRE.- -A mode- a tug also arrived. Communication was rate easterly gale was blowing on the effected, and an attempt made to tow 3rd November, and with the flood-tide the distressed vessel clear, but in the the sea increased considerably. During gale which was raging and the strong the afternoon two fishing boats, belong- ebb tide, the vessel took charge, and IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 589 both vessel and tug, with the Life-boat yacht was riding off Winspit, about a in attendance, drifted towards the Bar- mile to the east of St. Alban's Head, ber Sands. Happily they cleared the with a man on board and that the Life- sands, but the tug being unable to hold boat was wanted. A whole N.E. gale the barque, they drifted eleven miles up was blowing and the sea was very heavy. the coast. In the evening, when the The Life-boat William Erie was launched wind had moderated somewhat, and the and proceeded to the place indicated, tide had turned, another tug went to the and there found a small cutter yacht vessel, and she was brought back to the named the Florinda in distress, her sails Yarmouth Roads. An attempt was having blown away in the gale. Soon made to enter the harbour—it was then after rescuing the man the wind veered shortly after 9 P.M.—but the hawsers to west, the Coxswain therefore decided were carried away, and before anything to try and save the vessel; he accordingly further could be done, the barque took her in tow and brought her safely stranded on the North Sand, and even- to Swanage. tually became a total wreck. Directly SUNDERLAND, DURHAM.—During the she stranded, the Erna commenced to evening of the 14th November the s.s. bump heavily ; the Life-boat, therefore, Mary Ada Short, of Sunderland, whilst without delay, took off eight of the crew attempting to enter the harbour, became and landed them about 10 P.M. on the unmanageable and drove ashore behind north beach. Four hours later, when the old South Pier. At the request of the men were somewhat rested, the the owners the South Outlet Life-boat Life-boat was re-launched, and taken Richard and Nellie Hodges was launched back to her station, having performed to assist the tugs in salving the vessel. an excellent service. The Life-boat was launched about AEKLOW, co. WICKLOW.—On Sunday 11.30 P.M., and some four hours later morning, the 12th November, the the stranded vessel was fortunately schooner Minnie Coles, of Chester, with refloated. The weather at the time of a cargo of coal from Kuncorn, arrived off the casualty was rough, a gale blowing Arklow harbour, and was compelled, from E.N.E. owing to the heavy seas, to anchor HAYLE, CORNWALL.—The schooner about a mile outside. During the after- Welcome Home, of Plymouth, was noon an easterly gale sprang up and observed about 7 A.M. on the 19th increased considerably. About 10 P.M. November running for Hayle in an signals of distress were noticed from the E.N.E. gale, and when attempting to schooner, and steps were immediately cross the bar she stranded. The assembly taken to launch the Life-boat Frances signal for the Life-boat crew was at once and Charlotte. In the heavy gale the fired, and within twelve minutes the efforts of the crew to pull the boat out Life-boat E. F. Harrison was launched of harbour proved unavailing, a rope and on her way to the rescue—a very from the shore was then made fast and smart piece of work. The schooner was the boat towed by many willing hands bound from Garston to Hayle with a to the end of pier ; here very heavy seas cargo of coal when disaster overtook were encountered, the boat being con- her, and her crew were disinclined at tinually driven back, but after repeated first to leave their craft. They asked efforts the boat was got clear, and after the Coxswain of the Life-boat to stand a hard struggle reached the distressed by them, and this was done. In the mean- schooner. They found that her anchors time two of the men on board took the were dragging and that the heavy waves ship's boat, but the great risk they incurred broke continuously over her. By the in the heavy sea prevented them from aid of ropes the crew, four in number, attempting to land. Shortly after the were rescued and conveyed in safety to remaining men decided to abandon their Arklow. craft, and having been taken into the SWAXAGE, DORSET.—A telephone mes- Life-boat, she picked up the other two, sage was received about 9.15 A.M. on and all five were conveyed in safety to the 13th November, stating that a small Hayle. 590 THE LIFE-BOAT. [!ST FEBRUARY, 1906.

SUMMARY OF THE MEETINGS OF THE COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT.

THURSDAY, 12th October, 1905. Honorary Secretary of the Withernsea Branch of the Institution, which office she had just Sir EDWABD BIBKBECK, Bart., V.P., resigned. in the Chair. Paid 6,035Z. for sundry charges in con- Bead and confirmed the minutes of the nection with various Life-boat establishments. previous meeting. Voted 471. Is. 6d. to pay the expenses of the following Life-boat services :— " Also read those of the Building, Finance Lives and Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward Life-boat. Vessel. saved. Sub - Committees, and ordered that their Palling No. 1 . Barquentine Sarnian recommendations be carried into effect. Oein of Littlehampton. 7 Read the reports of the District Inspectors Walmer . . Barquentine Juno, of of Life-boats on their recent visits to the Riga, stood by vessel. following Life-boat Stations :— Also 196J. 2s. to pay the expenses of launches Northern District—Lossieinouth, Maryport, of Life-boats, or assemblies of crews, &c., with Workingtou, Whitehaven, Buckie, Stromness, the view of assisting the crews of vessels in Longhope, Nairn and Montrose (two boats). distress at the following places:—Brancaster, Eastern District — Blakeney, Brancaster, Caister No. 2, Clacton-on-Sea, Dunbar, Dun- Hunstanton, Cromer, Sheringham, Yarmouth, geness No. 1, Fishguard No. 2, Greencastle, Gorleston (three boats), Caister (two boats), Hunstanton, Kingsdowne, Lowestoft No. 2, Hasborough, Palling (two boats), Lowestoft Palling No. 1, Penzance, Point of Ayr, (two boats), Winterton (two boats), Pakefield, Pwllheli, St. Agnes, (Scilly), Wells, and Win- Sunderland (two boats), Staithes, Whitby terton No. 1. (two boats), Flamborough and Hornsea. Voted 11. to two men for saving, at mode- Western District—Port Isaac, Padstow (two rate risk to themselves, two brothers, whose boats and a steam-tug), Newquay (Cornwall), boat was capsized in a south-west gale and Polkerris, Looe and Mevagissey Stations. choppy sea off Innisfree, co. Donegal, on the Irish District—Blackrock, WicMow, Clogher 7th September. A third brother was in the Head, Drogheda, Kingstown (two boats), boat at the time of the accident, and before Skerries, Howth, Tramore and Dunmore East. help could reach them he was unfortunately drowned. Reported the receipt of the following special Also 41. 10«. to twelve men for rescuing the contributions since the last meeting:— crew of seven hands of the lugger Ariel Gaselle, £ s. d. of Eyemouth, on the 16th September. " M. E. A." (annual subscription) 25 - - The vessel ran on to the Bush rock, Fame Harvest Offertory in Aldringham Islands, and was severely holed ; by the Church, Suffolk, per the Rev. efforts of the salvors in four cobles she was C. DU G. MAKEPEACE, M.A. . . 6 11 4 got off, but whilst being towed to North Christ's Hospital, Hertford, OSer- Sunderland she sank, but happily all on tory in Chapel of Girls' School, board were saved. per Mr. J. F. B. SHABPE ... 5 •- - Contents of "Garramor" contri- THURSDAY, 9th November, 1906. bution box, per Mrs. F. BOWMAN 25- Sir EDWARD BIBKBBCK, Bart., V.P., Share of Harvest Festival Offertory in the Chair. in Market Deeping Church, per Read and confirmed the minutes of the the Rector and Churchwardens 1 1 - previous meeting. —To be severally thanked. Also read those of the Building, Finance and Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward Alao the receipt of the following legacies:— Sub-Committees, and ordered that their recom- The late Mrs. SARAH HALFOK, of £ s. d. mendations be carried into effect. Paris, one moiety of her bequest Read the .report of the Chief Inspector of for a Life-boat to ba named the Life-boats on his recent visits to the Sun- Sarah Halfon and placed as near derland, Tynemouth, and Cullerooats Life- the Port of Ramsgate as ad- boat Stations. visable 400 - - Also the report of the Deputy Chief In- The late Mrs. ELLEN ANN RIDYAED, spector of Life-boats on his visits to the of Little Hulton, near Bolton . 91 7 6 Penarth and Barry Dock Stations. The late Miss LOUISA ASHMOBD, of i Also the reports of the District Inspectors Heaton Norris, Lancashire (value of Life-boats on their visits to the following of 60 shares in the Isle of Man Stations:— Steam Packet Company, Limited 45 - -- Northern District—Kirkcudbright, Balcary, The late Mr. ROBBBT KEATING, of Port Logan, Port Patrick, and Whithoru. Newton Grange, co. Wexford . 10 - - Eastern District—Kessingland (two boats), Voted the best thanks of the Committee to Donna Nook, Sutton, Mablethorpe, Skegness, Miss VIOLET J, AYRB, in recognition of her Scarborough, Flamborough (two boats), and long and valuable services as Assistant Filey. IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 591

Southern District—Dungeness (two boats), Paid 1,710Z. for sundry charges in connec- New Romney, Folkestone, Bembridge, Swan- tion with various Life-boat Establishments. age, Poole, Southsea, Brighton, Hythe, Dover Voted 2iil. 13s. lid. to pay the expenses of and Ramsgate, and Southend-on-Sea. the following Life-boat services:— Western District—Portboustock, Cadgwith, T , Lives Coverack, The Lizard, Mullion, Porthleven, -Life-ijoatC . Vessel. saved. Hayle, St. Ives, Burnham, Watchet, Mine- Ardrossan . . S.S. Araucania, of Glas- head, Penarth, Barry Dock, and Weston- gow 23 super-Mare. Caister No. 2 . Brigantine Primula, of Irish District—Fethard, Wexford, Kosslare Istorp 8 Harbour, Kilmore, Cahore, Courtown, Arklow, Dunbar . . S.S. KingJaJa, of Swan- Hoylake, Helbre Island, Formby, and New sea. Stood by vessel Brighton (two boats). and saved .... 6 Reported the receipt of the following special Dunbar . . Barque Ugunjeems, of contributions since the last meeting:— Riga. Stood by vessel. £ s. d. Newhaveu . . S.S. Millgate, of Man- Ancient Order of Foresters (annual chester 10 subscription) 160 - - Point of Ayr . Barque Daniel, of Tvede- Widow and children of the late Mr. strand. Stood by Michaelis Hallenstein, in his vessel. memory, per Mr. Ernest M. St. Andrew's . Two fishing boats of St. Hallenstein 50 - - Andrew's. Rendered Newcastle - on - Tyne Co-operative assistance. Society, Limited (additional) . 25 - - The Margate No. 2 Life-boat saved the Proceeds of sale of work in aid of schooner Margaret Hobley, of Millom, and Lakes District Branch, per Mr. her crew of four, and the Winterton No. 1 W. Oscar Little, Chapel Ridding, Life-boat assisted to save the barquentine Windermere 21 - - Britannia, of Guernsey. Also 210L 5s. 9d. to pay the expenses of —To be severally thanked. Life-boat launches, assemblies of crews, etc., Also the receipt of the following legacies : — with the view of assisting the crews of £ s. d. vessels in distress, at the following stations:— The late Mr. THOMAS GHADWICK, Aldeburgh, Boulmer, Dunbar, Ferryside, of Warwick 150 - - Gorleston No. 2, Huna, Penmon, Peterhead, The late Mr. THOMAS WOBTHINGTON Port Erroll, Runswick, Southport, and OOOKSON, of Seaforth .... 100 - - Whitby No. 2. The late Mr. ABTHDH MORRIS, of Also conferred the Silver Medal of the Insti- Liverpool, per Liverpool Branch 833 tution, accompanied by a copy of the vote, The late Mr. EDMUND JOY, of inscribed on vellum and framed, on Mr. DAVID Nelson Square, Blackfriars . 55- JONES, Coxswain Superintendent of the Ferry- Reported that Her Royal Highness side Life-toat, for his gallantry and skilful PRINCESS HENRY OP BATTENBEBG had seamanship on the occasion of the attempted graciously opened a Fete organised at York service to the Barque Signe, of Ghristiania, on the 24th October, 1905, in connection with on the 15th March. the Life-boat Saturday Fund. Also conferred the Silver Medal of the Read letter from the Honorary Secretary Institution, together with a framed copy of of the Naval, Shipping, and Fisheries Exhibi- the vote, upon Mr. WALTER FAIBBAIBN, Cox- tion, 1905, stating that the following awards swain Superintendent of the Dunbar Life-boat, had been made to the Institution by the Jury for his gallantry and skill, on the occasion of for Awards for its exhibits :— the rescue of the crew, six in number, of the For the Life-boat—A Diploma of Honour S.S. King Ja Ja, of Swansea, in a N.W. gale (being the highest award). and very heavy sea, on the 13th October. An For Models, &c.—A Diploma for a Gold additional monetary grant was also made to | Medal. the Coxswain and each of the crew. I Voted the best thanks of the Committee to Voted an additional pecuniary reward to I Mr. ALFRED KENDRICK in recognition of his the crew of the Newhaven Life-boat for a very long and valuable services as Honorary prompt and good service on the 2nd November, ] Secretary of the Brixham Branch of the resulting in the saving of the crew of ten Institution, which office he had just resigned. hands of the S.S. Millgate, of Manchester. The Committee specially recognised the Also £6 15s. to nine men, who, at very good services rendered by Lieutenant H. E. considerable risk to themselves, put off in a BUBTON, R.E., Staff-Sergeant A. PAUL, R.E., boat with a view of rescuing the crew of the and the Royal Engineers stationed at Clifford's steam trawler Nile, of Hull, which stranded Fort, North Shields, in connection with the to the north of the Scaurs of Cruden, in a Motor Life-boat sent by the Institution to the moderate but squally breeze from S. and , Tynemouth Station. heavy sea, on the 29th October. '-• Decided to close the Penarth Life-boat Also £2 5s. to six men for putting ofi in Station, it being considered no longer neces- two boats, in a strong southerly breeze and sary to maintain the station in view of the rough sea, and at some risk rescuing three newer Life-boat Stations at Barry Dock and men. whose boat had capsized off Redcar on Weston-super-Mare. the 30th October. 592 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IST FEBRUARY, 1906.

THURSDAY, 14th December, 1905. Also the receipt of the following legacies:— Sir EDWARD BIBKBECK, Bart., V.P., The late Mrs. HANNAH FINNIE, of £ s. d. in the Chair. Malvern Wells 2,000 - - The late Mrs. EMMA FOLLETT Bead and confirmed the minutes of the CAMPBELL, of Weston - Super- previous meeting. Mare (on account) .... 500 - - Also read those of the Building, Finance The late Miss EMMA JONES, of and Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward Chester Place 470 - - Sub-Committees, and ordered that their recommendations be carried into effect. The late Mrs. SARAH HALFON, of Paris, second moiety for a Sarah Also the reports of the District Inspectors Hal/on Life-boat, to be placed as of Life-boats on their recent visits to the near Ramsgate as possible . . 400 - - following Life-boat stations :— The late Mr. THOMAS SHELDON, of Northern District—Newbiggin.Tynemouth, Clevedon 250 - - Alnmouth, North Sunderland, Hauxley, Boulmer, Blyth, Cambois, Cresswell and The late Mr. P. S. PEAT, of Glasgow Cullercoats. (per Glasgow Branch). . . . 100 - - Eastern District—Hartlepool (three boats), The late Mr. EDWARD BAYLY, of West Hartlepool, Sunderland (three boats), Weymouth 100 - - Gorleston (three boats), Yarmouth and The late Mr. WM. BYLAND of Lowestoft (two boats). Sheffield 62 8 - Southern District — Walton-on-the-Naze, The late Miss MARY ANN ROBINSON, Claeton-on-sea, Harwich (two boats), Brighton, of Saffron Walden .... 18 7 6 Salcombe, Hope Cove, Brixham, Torquay, Yealm Eiver, Plymouth, Teignmouth, Ex- Voted 2251. to the dependent relatives of mouth, Sidmouth, Lyme Regis and Ryde. two Lifeboat-men, who unfortunately lost their lives by asphyxiation on board the New Western District—Port Eynon, The Mum- Brighton Steam Life-boat, whilst she was bles, Ferryside, Burry Port, St. Agues (Scilly), under repair. St. Mary's (Scilly), Sennen Cove, Penzance, Rhoscolyn, Bull Bay, Cemaes, Cemlyn, Moelfre, Voted the best thanks of the Committee to Rhosneigir, Penmon, Holyhead (two boats), the Rev. D. BBYSON, Mr. H. BUBDEN, and Llanddwyn and Rhyl. Mr. HILL CHARLEY, in recognition of their long and valuable services as Honorary Secre- Irish District—Port Erin, Castletown, Port taries respectively of the Holy Island, Poole, St. Mary, Ramsey, Douglas, Lytham, Fleet- and Belfast and Groomsport Branches of the wood, St. Anne's (two boats), Blackpool, Piel Institution which they had just resigned. (Barrow), Southport, Skerries, Greenore, and Giles Quay. Reported the transmission to their stations of the North Deal and Fethard (Ireland), new Reported the receipt of the following special Life-boats. contributions since the last meeting :— Paid 5,8032. for sundry charges in connection Honorary Committee of Naval, £ s. d. with various Life-boat establishments. Shipping, and Fisheries Exhi- bition held at Earls Court, 1905, Voted 270Z. Is. 3d. to pay the expenses of out of Fund placed at their dis- the following Life-boat services:— posal for various Naval Charities 100 - - tires Miss MAKIA CLABK, to provide a Life-l>oat. Vessel. saved. Life-boat to be named the Arklow . Schooner Minnie Coles "Maria" 1,500 - - of Chester .... 4 Mrs. FRANCES ROGET, further Castletown. . Fishing boat of Castle- towards the endowment fund of town. Saved boat and 1 the Elinor Roget Life-boat, Harwich Brigantine Thirza of stationed at Clovelly . . 500 - - (Steam) Faversham. Assisted Independent Order of Odd Fellows to save vessel and . 7 (Manchester Unity) Annual Sub- Tug Spray, of Harwich. scription, £50; Donation, £5 8s. 55 8 - Rendered assistance. Havle Schooner Welcome Home, Mrs. J. SWAINSTOH 20 - - of Plymouth ... 5 Proceeds of a concert at Erroll, per Lowestoft No. 1 Smack New Boy, of Carse of Gowie (No. 871) Lodge Lowestoft .... 5 of Freemasons, in commemora- Moelfre . . Smack Pilgrim, of Beau- tion of the Battle of Trafalgar . 16 10 - maris 2 Offertory from Hadnall Church Schooner Conistol, of (Salop), per the Rev. BROOKE C. Barrow 4 MORTIMER 8 15 - Palling No. 1 . Smack Economy, of Half of a collection at Taunton by Lowestoft. Saved Naval Pensioners on Trafalgar smack and ... 5 day, per Mr. T. B. WILLIAMS . 7 - - South wold Smack Joseph and Yvonne —To be severally thanked. No. 1 of Dunkerque ... 4 IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 593 I Lives Also II. to A. Newson, who also incurred Life-boat. Vessel. saved, considerable risk in the rescue. Swanage Yacht Florinda, of Also granted an additional monetary reward Portsmouth. Saved to the crew of the Moelfre Life-boat for a very yacht and .... good service on the 26th November. Tenby . . S.S. Titan, of Hamburg. Also II. 10s. to three men for rescuing at Rendered assistance. some risk the crew of sixteen hands of the Wexford . Ketch Elizabeth, of S.S. Birtley, of Newcastle, which stranded in Bude. (Also a dog.) . 3 a fog on the rocks to the north of Flamborough Head on the 10th November. Whithorn . . S.S. Riverside, of Belfast 6 Also 21. 5s. to three men for rescuing, at Yarmouth . . Barque Erna, of Arendal 8 considerable risk to themselves, a man who The Margate No. 1 Life-boat assisted to was knocked overboard from the fishing-boat save the S.S. Leander of London, and her Press On, of Banff, when she was entering crew of 24; also the schooner Mary Fanny, of Lowestoft Harbour in a heavy sea, on the llth Bridgwater, and 3 lives. Margate No. 2 Life- November. The salvors, on seeing the accident, boat saved the cutter Bessie, of Whitstable. at once jumped into a small boat and made for Palling No. 2 and Winterton No. 2 Life-boats the man, who when picked up was very near assisted to save the S.S. Bushmills, of Dublin; the bar. Had it not been for the promptness and Sunderland, South Outlet, Life-boat shown the man would undoubtedly have been assisted to save the S.S. Mary Ann Short, of drowned. Sunderland. Also 11. 4s. to eight men for putting oft in Also voted 751Z. 17s. lid. to pay expenses of a coble and bringing four men in a small the following Life-boat launches or assemblies boat safely ashore in Robin Hood's Bay on of crews with the view of assisting persons on the 12th November. The rescued men vessels in distress : Appledore No. 1, Arbroath, belonged to the S.S. Victor, of Chester, Blakeney, Broadstairs, Broughty Ferry, which foundered about four miles off shore, Caister No. 2, Carrickfergus, Clacton-on-Sea, and had it not been for the timely aid they Dunbar, Dungeness No. 1, Flamborough No. 1, would probably have perished in the heavy Gorleston No. 1, Hornsea, Hythe, Kirkcud- sea when attempting to land. bright, Lowestoft No. 1, Margate No. 2, Peter- Also 1Z. 2s. 6d. to three fishermen for head, Palling No. 2, Bamsgate, Southend-on- attempting to save life after the collision Sea, Sunderland (N. Dock), Walmer and between S.S. Phillipville and S.S. Harloiv in Winehelsea. foggy weather, off Dungeness, on the night of Voted the Silver Second Service Clasp to the 2nd December. Mr. SIDNEY HABBIS, Coxswain Superinten- Also 10s. to four men for putting off in a dent of the Gorleston Life-boats, in recogni- boat and at slight risk rescuing three men tion of his gallantry in saving life on the whose boat was capsized when entering White- occasion of the wreck of the lugger Fruitful, haven Harbour in a fresh N.E. wind and of Wick, on llth November, when he swam moderate sea, on the 3rd November. When out at great risk in a heavy sea and established rescued, one of the men was clinging to the communication with the vessel, by which upturned boat, and the other two were taken means the crew of eight hands were saved. out of the water in an exhausted condition.

SUPPORT THE LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. OUR LIFE-BOAT HEROES. How came the might of England ? Not by Death when the fathers of little ones, and the tongue or pen; husbands of loving wives, Deeply it grew as a flower in the hearts of its For the sake of an unsung glory go out to the bravest men. saving of lives. And it scattered the seeds of heroes along the Dark the night when the storm breaks; fight- storm-swept shore, ing the blinding spray, That they might work for glory, for the Heedless of dazzling flashes that lighten the strange sea-love they bore. darksome way; Now, this is the joy of the Life-boat, that its On, on to the work of rescue! Hearts that joys be known anew; are weak may fail, Fearless and free at its launching, bearing its But souls in distress bear hope when the men gallant crew; of the Life-boat hail. Proudly it ploughs the billows, or joyously These are the men that labour—saviours and leaps the waves, heroes all; Clearing the sands and shallows, and spurn- Snatching the prey from the hunger of the ing the depths of the graves. treacherous ocean's thrall. And this is the dirge of the Life-boat; in the Sons of Old England, true to their trust; days of its stressful pride cherish their manhood well; There's death in the waters, brother, when For the duty they give to their brothers is wreckage comes in with the tide; such as no words may tell. ,Roy. 594 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST FEBRUARY, 1906.

Services of the Life-boats of the Institution during 1905.

Lives 1905. saved. Jan. 6. 2. 0 p.m. Barquentine Brazilian, of South Shields, Longhope Life-boat saved vessel and 8 „ 6. 4. 0 p.m. A small boat of Skegness. Skegness Life-boat saved .... 2 /S.S. Stella Maris, of Glasgow \ Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat „ 8. 0.32 a.m. \S.S. Oria, of Bilbao / landed 12. „ 8. 12.40p.m. S.S. Ole Bull, of Bergen. Ramsgate Life-boat rendered assistance. „ 9. 10.15 a.m. S.S. Domino, of Liverpool. Longhope Life-boat remained in attendance. „ 12. 9.10 a.m. Schooner Volunteer, of Carnarvon. Broadstairs Life-boat saved . 4 „ 12. 9.20 a.m. Ship Kalliope, of Hamburg. New Brighton (Steam) Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 13. 1.30a.m. S.S. M. 3. Hedley, of Penzance. Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat assisted to save vessel. „ 14. 9. 0 p.m. Ketch Advance, of Bideford. Appledore No. 1 Life-boat saved . 3 „ 15. 7. 5 p.m. Brig Celerity, of Lowestoft. Gorleston (Steam) Life-boat saved . 6 „ 15. 8.10p.m. Ketch Jane Anne Elizabeth, of Swansea. Clovelly Life-boat rescued 3 Ketch Thomas Edwin, of Plymouth. Clovelly Life-boat rescued . 3 „ 15. 3.50a.m. Ketch Malvoisin, of London. Margate No. 1 Life-boat saved . . 4 „ 17. G. 0 a.m. Ditto ditto ditto ditto assisted to save vessel. „ 16. Noon. Schooner Seven Brothers, of Beaumaris. Abersoch Life-boat rescued 3 „ 16. 5.15p.m. Schooner Gowerian, of Aberystwith. Abersoch Life-boat rescued . 5 Schooner Sarah Dames, of Dublin. Abersoch Life-boat rescued . 4 „ 16. 2.50p.m. Schooner Ensign, of Plymouth. Clovelly Life-boat rescued . . 5 (Also a dog.) „ 19. 1. 5p.m. Four-masted barque Optima, of Hamburg. Gorleston (Steam) Life-boat saved 11 „ 20. 1.30 p.m. Four-masted barque Optima, of Hamburg. Gorleston No. 1 Life- boat saved 5 „ 21. 8.15 a.m. Ship Jessomene, of Liverpool. Caister No. 1 Life-boat rendered assistance. „ 21. 4.32 p.m. Schooner Dashing Wave, of Fowey. Harwich (Steam) Life-boat assisted to save vessel. „ 26. 10.30p.m. Steam trawler Ulundi, of Grimsby. Newburgh Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 28. 5.15p.m. Schooner Helen Hutchison, of Peterhead. Thurso Life-boat rescued 3 ,, 28. 7.20p.m. S.S. Bencroy, of Liverpool. Winterton No. 2 Life-boat stood by vessel. JS.S. Sinloo, of Newcastle \ Gorleston (Steam) Life-boat landed „ 28. 7.25 p.m. \S.S. Douglas, of Sunderland / 33. „ 31. 10. 0 a.m. Six cobles of Cullercoats. Cullercoats Life-boat remained in attendance. Feb. 1. 5.20p.m. Fishing-boat Polly, of Girvan. Girvau'Life-boat saved .... 4 Fishing-boat Helen Walker, of Girvan. Girvan Life-boat rescued 4 IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 595

Lives 1905. saved. Feb. 2. 9. 0 a.m. Fishing-boat Helen Walker, of Girvan. Girvan Life-boat rendered assistance. „ 4. 1.30 a.m. S.S. Biso, of Hangesund. Dunbar Life-boat rescued .... 11 „ 6. 1.20 p.m. Barque Marianna, of Arendal. Port Patrick Life-boat landed 1. „ 15. 8.45 a.m. Steam ketch Dunnikier, of Kirkcaldy. Walton-on-Naze Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 18. 4.30 p.m. Three schooners. Thurso Life-boat landed 15. „ 18. 6.25 p.m. Lugger Magnificent, of Buckle. Stornoway Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 20. 10. 0 a.m. Ketch Myrtle, of Yarmouth. Hartlepool No. 2 Life-boat saved . 3 „ 23. 1.30 p.m. Fishing cobles, of Newbiggin. Newbiggin Life-boat stood by cobles. „ 26. 2. 5 a.m. Schooner Mary Annie, of Dublin. Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat rescued 3 Schooner Margaret Garton, of Castletown. Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat rescued 5 „ 26. 10.30 a.m. Barque Countess of Anglesey, of Liverpool. Weymouth Life-boat rescued 2 Mar. 1. 3. 0 p.m. Two cobles, of Flamborough. Flamborough No. 1 Life-boat stood by cobles. „ 2. 7.45 a.m. Brig Traen, of Christiania. Berwick-on-Tweed Life-boat saved . 7 ,, 7. 1.20 a.m. Schooner Maria, of Hull. Palling No. 1 Life-boat rendered assistance. „ 8. 6.20 a.m. Ketch Wesley, of Jersey. Ramsgate Life-boat saved .... 3 „ 8. 1.30p.m. Fishing-boat Irex, of Port Patrick. Port Patrick Life-boat saved . 3 „ 8. 10.25 p.m. Brigantine Clio, of Ardrossan. Yarmouth Life-boat assisted to save vessel. „ 12. 2.30 p.m. Schooner B. T. K., of Fowey. Margate No. 2 Life-boat stood by vessel. S.S. St. Vincent, of Glasgow. Margate No. 2 Life-boat landed one injured man. ,, 12. 2.45 p.m. Barque Eugene Schneider, of Nantes. Bembridge and Southsea Life-boats rendered assistance. „ 15. 2.30 a.m. Schooner Millom Castle. Tenby Life-boat saved 3 (Also a dog.) ,, 15. 5.45 a.m. Schooner Pluvier, of Aberystwith. Abersoch Life-boat rescued . 6 „ 15. 2.30 p.m. Schooner Jannet, of Carnarvon. Abersoch Life-boat rescued . . 5 ,, 15. 6.35a.m. Brigantine Minnie Eaton, of Lowestoft. Yarmouth Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 15. 7. 5 a.m. Brigantiue Imogene, of Liverpool. Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat saved 8 Schooner Harmony, of Padstow. Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat saved 5 „ 15. 9. 0 a.m. Schooner William Berey, of Port St. Mary. Port St. Mary Life- boat saved 4 „ 15. 10.40 a.m. Steam Hopper No. 3, of Liverpool. Formby Life-boat rendered assistance. ,, 15. 10.40 a.m. Barque Cannebiere, of Marseilles. Newcastle (co. Down) Life-boat saved 10 „ 15. 3. 0 p.m. Ketch C. E. C. G., of Jersey. Montrose No. 1 Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 15. 5.45 p.m. Barque Liburna, of Arendal. Shoreham Life-boat saved ... 10 ,, 16. 10.35 p.m. S.S. Innisfallen, of Liverpool. New Brighton (Steam) Life-boat stood by vessel. ,, 16. 10.45 p.m. S.S. Innisfallen, of Liverpool. Formby Life-boat stood by vessel. ,, 17. 5.15 p.m. Ketch Elizabeth, of Tenby. Appledore No. 1 Life-boat saved . . 3 „ 23. 10.45p.m. Schooner Julia, of Euncorn. Porthdinllaen Life-boat rescued. . 3 „ 24. 11.0a.m. Six cobles of Spittal. Berwick-on-Tweed Life-boat stood by cobles. „ 24. 12.15 p.m. Coble Two Brothers, of North Sunderland. North Sunderland Life-boat stood by coble. „ 24. 4. 0 p.m. Coble May Blossom, of Whitby. Whitby No. 1 Life-boat stood by coble. ,, 25. 1.45p.m. Fishing-boat Clupeidae, of Lowestoft. Pakefield Life-boat rendered assistance. Apl. 3. 1.10 p.m. Six cobles, of North Sunderland. North Sunderland Life-boat stood by cobles. ,, 7. 9. 0 a.m. Fishing-cobles, of Filey. Filey Life-boat stood by cobles. „ 11. 8.35 p.m. Three fishing-yawls, of Wick. Ackergill Life-boat landed 9. 596 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST FEBRUARY, 1906. Lives 1905. saved. Apl. 12. 9.30 p.m. S.S. Enriqueta, of Grangemouth. Whitburn Life-boat saved . 10 „ 13. 9.15 a.m. S.S. Enriqueta, of Grangemouth. Ditto ditto landed 10. „ 13. 5.38 p.m. Brigantine Amanda, of Newhaven. Yarmouth Life-boat stood by Caister No. 1 Life-boat. 13. 6.30 p.m. S.S. Royal Standard, of Stmderland. Flamborough No. 2 Life- boat stood by vessel. 14. 5.50 a.m. Schooner Gesine, of Oldersum. Arbroath Life-boat saved . . . 15. 11.20 a.m. Five cobles, of Newbiggin. Newbiggin Life-boat stood by cobles. 15. 5.30 p.m. Ketch Diana, of Bye. St. Andrew's Life-boat saved 17. 10. 0 a.m. Ditto St. Andrew's Life-boat assisted to save vessel. 19. 7. 0 a.m. S.S. Spring, of Christiania. Lowestoft No. 1 Life-boat assisted to save vessel. 2.40 p.m. Six fishing-cobles, of Whitby. Whitby No. 1 Life-boat attended cobles. „ 28. 1.50 p.m. Fishing-vessel Adalina, of Gravelines. Eamsgate Life-boat stood by vessel. May 1. 12.30 p.m. Ship Francesco Ciampa, of Castellamare. Tenby Life-boat rendered assistance. 6. 5 p.m. Ship Scottish Isles, of Liverpool. Broadstairs Life-boat rendered assistance. „ 20. 10. 0 a.m. S.S. Cogent, of Sunderland. Whitby Nos. 1 and 2 Life-boats assisted to save vessel. „ 23. 4. 0 p.m. Steam drifter Sonnet, of Wick. Stromness Life-boat rescued . June 2. 3.45 p.m. A fishing-boat, of Groomspott. Groomsport Life-boat attended boat. „ 3. G. 0 a.m. Barque St. Monan, of Stavanger. Atherfield Life-boat rendered assistance. 13. 11.45 a.m. Schooner Cicerone, of Falmouth. Eamsgate Life-boat landed 5 ' from a Light-vessel. 22. 8. 0 a.m. S.S. Clara, of London. Winchelsea Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 29-80. 10. 0 p.m. Ketch Amelia Ann, of Goole. Caister No. 2 Life-boat rendered assistance. July 5. 1. 0 a.m. Barge Amy, of Bideford. Appledore No. 1 Life-boat landed 3. „ 27-29. 5. 0 p.m. S.S. Trignac, of Nantes. St. Peter's Port Life-boat assisted to save vessel. „ 31. 1.10 p.m. Smack Fawn, of Yarmouth. Caister No. 2 Life-boat stood by boat. Aug. 3. 1.30 p.m. Fishing-boat Oneida, of Sennen Cove. Padstow No. 1 Life-boat saved boat and 3 „ 4. 9.40 a.m. Steam trawler Rosa, of Montrose. Montrose No. 1 Life-boat saved 7 (Afterwards assisted to save vessel.) „ 4. 10.30 a.m. Fishing-boats, of Gourdon. Gourdon Life-boat attended boats. „ 19. 4.35 a.m. Fishing lugger Mary Jane, of Campbeltown. Campbeltown Life- boat saved vessel and 3 Sept. 1. 9. 0 p.m. A ketch, of Buncranna. Greencastle Life-boat landed 2. „ 2. 4.45 p.m. Schooner Berthe, of Dunkerque. Gorleston (Steam) Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 7. 3.30 p.m. Yacht Lily, Aldeburgh No. 1 Life-boat saved yacht and ... 2 „ 8. 2.55 a.m. Fishing lugger St. Louise, of Boulogne. Dungeness No. 1 Life-boat 8 (Also assisted to save vessel.) Oct. 1. 9.10 a.m. Barquentine Juno, of Biga. Walmer Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 4. 5.10 p.m. Barquentine Britannia, of Guernsey. Winterton No. 1 Life-boat assisted to save vessel. ,, 5. 5.30 a.m. Barquentine Sarnian Gem, of Littlehampton. Palling No. 1 Life- boat saved 7 „ 6. |7.30 a.m. Schooner Margaret Hobley, of Millom. Margate No. 2 Life-boat saved vessel and 4 „ 11. 6. 5 p.m. Barque Daniel, of Tvedestrand. Point of Ayr Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 13. 6.30 a.m. S.S. King Ja Ja, of Swansea. Dunbar Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 13. 1. 0 p.m. Ditto ditto Dunbar Life-boat saved .... 6 „ 15. 7. 0 p.m. Barque Ugunjeems, of Biga. Dunbar Life-boat stood by vessel. „ 19. 7.30 p.m. Brigantine Primula, of Istorp. Caister No. 2 Life-boat saved . . 8 „ 26. 5.20 a.m. S.S. Araucania, of Glasgow. Ardrossan Life-boat saved ... 10 „ 26. Noon. Ditto ditto Ardrossan Life boat saved ... 13 Nov. 2. 7.20 a.m. S.S. Millgate, of Manchester. Newhaven Life-boat saved ... 10 „ 3. 3.30p.m. Two fishing-boats, of St. Andrew's. St. Andrew's Life-boat rendered assistance. IST FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 597

Lives 1905. saved. Nov. 9. 6.15 p.m. Ketch Elizabeth, of Bude. Wexford Life-boat saved . . 3 (And a dog.) 11. 11. 0 a.m. Barque Erna, of Arendal. Yarmouth Life-boat saved .... 8 12. 11. 0 p.m. Schooner Minnie Coles, of Chester. Arklow Life-boat saved . . 4 13. 9.40 a.m. A small yacht Florinda, of Portsmouth. Swanage Life-boat saved yacht and 1 14. 11.30 p.m. S.S. Mary Ada Short, of Sunderland. Sunderland, South Outlet, Life-boat assisted to save vessel. 19. [8. 0 a.m. Dredger Beaufort, of London. North Deal Life-boat assisted to save vessel and 10 19. 8.50 a.m. Schooner Welcome Home, of Plymouth. Hayle Life-boat saved . 5 23. 8. 8 a.m. Brigantine Thirza, of Faversham. Harwich (Steam) Life-boat assisted to save vessel and 7 Tug Spray, of Harwich. Harwich (Steam) Life-boat rendered assistance. 23. 2.10 p.m. Smack New Boy, of Lowestoft. Lowestoft No. 1 Life-boat rescued 5 24. 8. 0 a.m. S.S. Riverside, of Belfast. Whithorn Life-boat rescued .... 6 25-26. 12.30 a.m. S.S. Leander, of London. Margate No. 1 Life-boat assisted to save vessel and 24 26. 10. 0 a.m. S.S. Titan, of Hamburg. Tenby Life-boat rendered assistance. 2G. 9. 0 p.m. Smack Pilgrim, of Beaumaris. Moelfre Life-boat rescued ... 2 Schooner Conistol, of Barrow. Moelfre Life-boat rescued ... 4 27. 1.30 a.m. Schooner Mary Fanny, of Bridgwater. Margate No. 1 Life-boat saved vessel and 3 27. 3.40 a.m. Smack Economy, of Lowestoft. Palling No. 1 Life-boat saved smack and 5 27. 7.15 a.m. Cutter Bessie, of Whitstable. Margate No. 2 Life-boat saved vessel. 27. 7.30 a.m. Smack Joseph et Yvonne, of Dunkerque. South wold Life-boat saved 4 28. 1.10 p.m. A small fishing-boat, of Castletown. Castletown Life-boat saved boat and 1 Dec. 8-9. 10. 0 a.m. S.S. Bushmills., of Dublin. Winterton No. 2 Life - boat ,, 8-9. 10.10 a.m. and Palling No. 2 Life-boat assisted to save vessel. „ 17. 6.15 p.m. Schooner Annetta, of Dungarvan. Youghal Life-boat saved . . 3 ,, 19. 2. 5 a.m. Schooner Earl of Beaconsfleld, of Chester. Holyhead (Steam) Life-boat (also assisted to save vessel) 5 „ 27. 8.30a.m. S.S. Rockcliff, of West Hartlepool. Caister No. 1 Life-boat rendered assistance. „ 27. 10.35 a.m. Schooner Mary and Gertrude, of Wexford. Tenby Life-boat rescued 4 Schooner Denis Carty, of Wexford. Tenby Life-boat rescued . . 4 28. 4.40 a.m. Steam trawler Shamrock, of Hull. Cloughey Life-boat rendered assistance. 29. 10. 5 a.m. Schooner Dora, of Carnarvon. Eamsgate Life-boat rendered assistance. 31. 9.45 a.m. Schooner Harkaway, of Castletown. Carrickfergus Life-boat stood by vessel. 31. 10.30 a.m. Fishing smack Commodore, of Milford. Angle Life-boat rescued . 2 31. 11.30 a.m. Schooner Martha Ann, of Newry. Peel Life-boat stood by vessel. 31. 12.42 p.m. Schooner Elwood, of St. Ives. Howth Life-boat saved .... 4 31. 1.20 p.m. Schooner fanie, of Truro. Abersoch Life-boat rescued .... 5 Total lives saved by the Life-boats in 1905, in addition to 27 vessels and I oats 397 Life-boats also landed 91 persons, some of whom had taken refuge on light vessels, while others were brought ashore in the Life-boats as a precautionary measure. Howards were also granted by the Institution in the same period for saving by means of Fishing and other Boats, etc. . . . 153 Total for 1905 550

NOTICE. The next number of the LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL, containing the Annual Report, will be published on the 1st May. ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, SUPPORTED SOLELY BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS.

patron—gte Mast ffitarimw ffiajtstg tfje Sing. ?3restlrent—His ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G. ffiftaltman—SIR EDWARD BIRKBEOK, BART,, V.P. BqjutE=Cjiairman—COLONEL FiizEoY CLAYTON, V.P. itcretarg—CHARLES DIBDIN, ESQ., F.R.G.S.

Telegraphic Addrat: Telephone; "LIFE-BOAT No. 2964 INSTITUTION,- ("QERRARD LONDON." EXCHANGE.")

APPEAL. THE COMMITTEE OP MANAGEMENT have to state that during the past year (1905) the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION expended £68,715 on its Life-boat Establishments. GENERAL SUMMABT OF THE WOBK OF THE INSTITUTION DURING 1905. Number of Lives rescued by Life-boats, in addition to 27 ». d. Vessels and Boats saved by them and 91 persons landed from vessels in distress and lightships 397 Number of Lives saved by Shore-boats, &o 153 Amount of Eewards granted during the Year .... 8,736 3 3 Honorary Rewards:—Silver Medals and 1 Second Service Clasp 6 Binocular Glasses 13 Aneroid Barometers 6 Votes of Thanks on Vellum . . 21 Certificates of Service .... 11 Total .... 87 660 £8,736 3 3

The number of Lives saved either by the Life-boats of the Society, or by special exertions for which it has granted rewards since its formation in 1824 (to 31st Deo., 1905), is 45,439. The rewards and recognitions granted by the Institution in the same period comprise 99 Gold Medals and Clasps, 1,212 Silver Medals and Clasps, 63 Decorations, 870 Binocular Glasses, 15 Telescopes, 66 Aneroid Barometers, 1,776 Votes of Thanks, inscribed on vellum and framed, 174 Certificates of Service framed, and £257,513 in money. The Committee of Management earnestly appeal to the British Public for Funds to enable them to maintain their 282 Life-boats now on the Coast and their Crews in the most perfect state of efficiency. This can only be effected by a large and permanent annual income. The Annual Subscriptions, Donations and Dividends are quite inadequate for the purpose. The Committee are confident that in their endeavour to provide the brave Life-boatmen, who nobly hazard their lives in order that they may save others, with the best possible means for carrying on their great work, they will meet with the entire approval of the people of this the greatest maritime country in the world, and that their appeal will not be made in vain, so that the scope and efficiency of our great Life-saving Service, of which the Nation has always been so proud, may not have to be curtailed. Annual Subscriptions and Donations are earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully received by the Secretary, CHARLES DIBDIN, Esq., at the Institution, 20, CHARING CROSS ROAD, London, W.C.; by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. COUTTS AND Co., 440,Strand, London; and by all the other Bankers in the United Kingdom.—February, 1906.