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Lo Wer Wenlock Fa Unal and Floral Dynamics Vattenfallet Section, Gotland

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VALDAR JAANUS SON, SVEN LAUFELD AND ROLAND SKOGLUN D, EDITORS LOWER WENLOCK FAUNAL AND FLORAL DYNAMICS­ VATTENFALLET SECTION, GOTLAND UPPSALA 1979 SVERIGES GEOLO GISKA UN DERSÖKNIN G SERIE C NR 762 AVHANDLINGAR OCH UPPSATSER ÅRSBOK 73 NR 3 VALDAR JAANUSSON, SVEN LAUFELD AND ROLAND SKO GLUN D, EDITORS LOWER WENLOCK FAUNAL AND FLORAL DYNAMICS­ VATTENFALLET SECTION,GOTLAND UPPSALA 1979 ISBN 91-7158- 170-7 Kartan på s. 12 är ur sekretessynpunkt godkänd för spridning. Statens lantmäteriverk 1979-05-28. Fotografiet på s. Il är godkänt för spridning. Försvarsstabens säkerhetsavdelning 1979-05-30. Kristianstads Boktryckeri AB 1979 3 Contents Contributors . 4 Preface VALDAR JAANUSSON, SVEN LAUFELD and ROLAND SKOG- LUND . ... .. ... .. ... 5 Introduction VALDAR JAANUSSON . 7 Stratigraphical and environmental background V AL DAR JAANUSSON . Il Acritarchs FRITZ H. CRAMER, CARMEN DfEZ and GÖ RAN KJELL- STRÖM . .. .. ... .. ... 39 Calcareous algae ROBERT RIDING . 54 Sponges STEFAN BENGTSON . 61 Stromatoporoids HELDUR NESTOR . 63 Foraminifers SVEN LA UFELD . 65 Chitinozoans SVEN LAUFEL D . 70 "Chitinous" hydroids SVEN LAUFELD . 77 Melanosclerites SVEN LAUFELD . 79 Tabulate and heliolitid corals EINAR KLAAMANN . 81 Rugose corals BJÖRN NEDMAN and NILS-MARTIN HANKEN . 86 Polychaete jaws CLAES BERGMAN . 92 Coiled serpulid polychaetes KENT LARSSON . 103 Monoplacophorans JOHN S. PEEL and KRISTINA WÄ NGBERG- ERIKSSON . 104 Polyplacophorans KRISTINA WÄNGBERG-ERIKSSON . 104 Gastropods JOHN S. PEEL and KRISTINA WÄNGBERG-ERIKSSON . 105 Pelecypods JOHN POJET A, Jr. 109 Rostroconchs JOHN POJET A, Jr. 112 Cephalopods HARRY MUTVEI . 113 Trilobites DAVID L. BRUTON, VALDAR JAANUSSON, ROBERT M. OWENS, DEREK J. SIVETER, and RONALD TRIPP . 116 Eurypterids ERIK N. KJELLESVI G-W AERIN G . 121 Phyllocarids W. D. IAN ROLFE . 137 Leperditiid ostracodes ANDERS ANDERSSON . 138 Palaeocope and eridostracan ostracodes DALIP SETHI . 142 Metacope , platycope and podocope ostracodes ROBERT F. LUNDIN . 167 Bryozoans KRISTER BROOD . 172 Coenitids KRISTER BROOD . 181 Allonema (incertae sedis) KRISTER BROOD . 182 Conulariids KRISTER BROOD . 183 Brachiopods MICHAEL G. BASSETT . 185 Tentaculitoids KENT LARSSON . 207 Comulitids KENT LARSSON . 208 Machaeridians STEFAN BENGTSON . 211 Hereolepas (incertae sedis) STEFAN BENGTSON . 212 Graptolites ROLAND SKOGLUND . 213 Echinoderms CHRISTINA FRANZEN . 216 Conodonts LENNART JEPPSSON . 225 Agnathan vertebrates TOR (i')RVIG . 249 Phosphatic tubes STEFAN BENGTSON . 25 1 Organic tubes KRISTER BROOD . 252 Ecology and fauna! dynamics VALDAR JAANUSSON . 253 4 Contributors ANDERSSON, ANDERS, Lunds Universitet, Zoologiska Institutionen, Helgonavägen 3, S- 223 62 Lund, Sweden. BASSETT, MICHAEL G., National Museum of Wales, Department of Geology, Cardiff CFI 3NP, Great Britain. BENGTSON, STEFAN, Uppsala Universitet, Paleobiologiska Avdelningen, Box 564, S- 751 22 Uppsala l, Sweden. BERGMAN, CLAES, Lunds Universitet, Paleontologiska Institutionen, Sölvegatan 13, S- 223 62 Lund, Sweden. BROOD, KRISTER, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Paleozoologiska Sektionen, S-10405 Stock- holm 50, Sweden. BRUTON, DAVID L., Faleontologisk Museum, Sarsgate l, Oslo 5, Norway. CRAMER, FRITZ H., Instituto de Investigaciones Palinol6gicas, Apartado 244, Le6n, Spain. DiE Z, CARMEN, Instituto de lnvestigaciones Palinol6gicas, Apartado 244 , Le6n, Spain. FRANZEN, CHRISTINA, Uppsala Universitet, Paleobiologiska Avdelningen, Box 564, S- 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden. HANKEN, NILS-MARTIN, Universitetet i Oslo, Geologisk Institutt, Avd. C, Blindern, Oslo 3, Norway. JAANUSSON, VALDAR, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Paleozoologiska Sektionen, S- 104 05 Stockholm 50, Sweden. JEPPSSON, LENNART, Lunds Universitet, Paleontologiska Institutionen, Sölvegatan 13, 223 62 Lund, Sweden. KJELLESVIG-WAERING, ERIK N., Waering Exploration Associates, P.O. Box 699, Marco Island, Florida 33937, USA. KJELLSTRÖM, GÖRAN, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Box 670, S-751 28 Uppsala, Sweden. KLAAMANN, EINAR, Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituut, Estonia puiestee 7, 200101 Tallinn, Estonian SSR, USSR. LARSSON, KENT, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Box 670, S-75 1 28 Uppsala, Sweden. LAUFELD, SVEN, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Box 670, S-75 1 28 Uppsala, Sweden. LUNDIN, ROBERT F., Arizona State University, Department of Geology , Tempe, Arizona 85281, USA. MUTVEI, HARRY, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Paleozoologiska Sektionen, S-104 05 Stock­ holm 50, Sweden. NESTOR, HEL DUR, Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia lnstituut, Estonia puiestee 7, 200101 Tallinn,. Estonian SSR, USSR. NEUMAN, BJORN, Universitetet i Bergen, Geologisk Institut!, Avd. A, N-5000 Bergen, Norway. q)RVIG, TOR, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Paleozoologiska Sektionen, S-104 05 Stockholm 50, Sweden. OWENS, ROBERT M., National Museum of Wales, Department of Geology, Cardiff C Fl 3NP, Great Britain. PEEL, JOHN S., Grr,mlands Geologiske Unders'i'Jkelse, 0stervoldgade 10, DK-1350 K'i'Jbenhavn K, Denmark. POJETA, JOHN Jr. , U.S. GeologicaJ Survey, U.S. National Museum, Washington D. C. 20242, USA. RIDING, ROBERT, University College, Department of Geology, P.O. Box 78, Cardiff CFI 1XL, Great Britain. ROLFE, W. D. IAN, The University, Hunterian Museum, Glasgow Gl2 800, Great Britain. SETHI, DALIP, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Box 670, S-751 28 Uppsala, Sweden. SIVETER, DEREK J., Geological Conservatian Review Unit, Pearl House, Barthalornew Street, Newbury, Birkshire RG 14 5LS, U.K. SKOGLUND, ROLAND, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Box 670, S-751 28 Uppsala, Sweden. TRIPP, Ronald, High Wood, Botsom Lane, West Kingsdown, Sevenoaks, Kent TNI5 6BN , Great Britain. WÄNGBERG-ERIKSSON, KRISTINA, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Box 670, S- 751 28 Uppsala, Sweden. 5 Preface lt is increasingly evident that in order to understand the complex relationships affecting the distribution and succession of fossil faunas and floras, our knowledge of local distributional patteros at the species leve! must be consid­ erably expanded. This volume is airned at assessing data from a single section, some 30 m thick, through the latest Llandovery and early Wenlock (Silurian) in Visby on the Swedish island of Gotland. The section, known as Vattenfallet, was collected bed by bed in the early part of this century by G. Liljevall, who amassed over 10,000 macrofossils that form the main basis of this study: all this material, together with other collections (including countless microfossils) has been incorporated in an analysis of fauna! dynamics and general biotic relation­ ships to a degree that has not previously been attempted. In order to achieve the necessary precision at the species leve! a team of 32 specialists from throughout the world has investigated the material to give a reasonably com­ plete coverage of the whole fauna and flora. Their contributions are presented separately for each fo ssil group, and the results are then integrated in an overall analysis of the material. In editing the manuscripts for this volume a great degree of uniformity has had to be imposed on various contributions in order to relate the results in a meaningful way . The s pace available for presentation of the vas t amounts of data has been limited and this has therefore placed some restrictions on the scope of individual contributions. Most manuscripts have had to be cut from their original size, some of them con siderably. Documentation of man y of the species by photographs would have been most desirable, but this would have been unrealistic with regard to the total space available for publication. Only a limited number of new taxa are described and illustrated, mostly those which are important quantitatively and are frequently mentioned in the text. Dr. Michael G. Bassett has undertaken the time-consurning task of linguisti­ cally checking all manuscripts apart from those written by native English­ speaking authors. We are also very much indebted to him for useful editorial suggestions. We thank Mr. Stig Lindbom (Section of Palaeozoology, Riksmuseum) for obtaining samples from Vattenfallet below the base of Liljevall' s section, Mr. Arne Philip (Visby) for aerial photographs of the Vattenfallet area, Dr. Barrie Rickards (Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge) for examining specimens of Thai­ lograptus fr om Högklint d, Dr. Lembit Sarv ( Geoloogia lnstituut, Tallinn) for topotype specimens of various Silurian ostracodes from the East Baltic area, and Dr. Gunnar Svahnström, Landsantikvarie and Head of the Gotland Museum, for the loan of old photographs of Vattenfallet. Most of the illustrations have been drafted by the artists of the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU), namely Greta Hellström, Ingemar Kj ellberg, Inga 6 Palmaer, and Elin Pulkkinen. A minor part has been prepared at the Section of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riks­ museet) by Bo Bergman , Bertil Blueher and Celso Salgueiro . VALDAR JAANUSSON, SVEN LAUFELD and ROLAND SKOGLUND 7 Introduction VALDAR JAANUSSON The seetian at Vattenfallet in the southern outskirts of Visby on Gotland ( Vattenfallsprofilen l, Laufeld 197 4b) has received particular farnethrough the discovery of the scorpion Palaeophonus nuncius (Thorell & Lindström 1885) in the so-called Pterygotus Beds (uppermost 40 cm of the Högklint Limestone). To obtain additional specimens of the scorpion, as weil as eurypterids, these beds were literally quarried over a period of several years at the end of the 19th century. The rich collections assembled, including al so man y other in­ vertebrates, are housed in the
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    http://www.amfed.org/sfms/index.html The KYANA Geological Society video produced by member Dave Shuffett can also be found on KET EncyloMedia internet site: http://www.ket.org/itvvideos/offering/science/ksroc.htm Electronic Edition of "LODESTAR" http://www.amfed.org/sfms/pdf/lodestar_may-june09.pdf MEETING TIME: 3rd Tuesday of each month - Social/Swap at 7:00 p.m. Meeting Starts at 7:30. Go To: http://www.kyanageo.org LOCATION: The Louisville Nature Center 3745 Illinois Avenue, Louisville, KY 40213 handicap accessible facility - visitors welcome http://www.louisvillenaturecenter.org DIRECTIONS: From the Watterson Expressway (I-264) -Take Exit 14 to Poplar Level Road North. Take Poplar Level Road to Trevilian Way (1.0 mi). Turn Right on to Trevilian Way. Take Trevilian Way to Illinois Avenue (0.2 mile) (to your left, Illinois Avenue is the first intersecting KYANA’s mission is to provide educational, road just before the Zoo entrance). recreational and social opportunities to those Turn left on to Illinois Avenue. interested in geological sciences and lapidary arts. Take Illinois Avenue to the Louisville Nature Center parking lot on your right (0.2 mile). Except for items specifically copyrighted by authors, other non-profit societies may use material in this newsletter. KYANA GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Indiana and Kentucky / Volume 44, Number 9 THE GEMSCOOP c/o Sherry Lindle 6004 Highplace Dr Louisville, KY 40291 Revised July 7, 1999 at the AFMS Annual Meeting KYANA GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Member of the The Southeast Federation of Mineralogical Societies, Inc. and American Federation of Mineralogical Societies “Code of Ethics” I will respect both private and public property and will do no collecting I will cause no willful damage to collecting materials and will take home only on privately owned land without the owner’s permission.
  • Some Reflections on the Beginning of the Oldest Corals Rugosa

    Some Reflections on the Beginning of the Oldest Corals Rugosa

    Latypov Y, Archiv Zool Stud 2019, 2: 008 DOI: 10.24966/AZS-7779/100008 HSOA Archives of Zoological Studies Original Article form a calcareous skeleton could occur at the beginning of the Early Some Reflections on the Cambrian (skeletal evolution during the Cambrian explosion). And from that moment it began a rapid development rugosa and wide- Beginning of the Oldest spread dissemination. In the early Caradoc already known genera of 5-6 separate taxonomically and morphologically groups – streptelas- Corals Rugosa ma tin, Cystiphyllum and columnar in. On average, Caradoc number genera doubled and by the end of the Ordovician have risen to 30 with Yuri Latypov* the dominance of single forms [3-5]. National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia First rugosa had only simple septa and full bottom with single additional plates, but by the beginning of the Late Ordovician plate tabulae acquire the ability to very wide variation, and by the end of Abstract the Late Ordovician kaliko blastes basal surface polyp’s single rugosa acquired the ability to secrete peripheral convex skeletal elements - Provides a conceptual theory of origin Rugosa. Discusses the septum (Paliphyllum). By the beginning of the Late Ordovician all possibility of the oldest single corals from the Cambrian forebears. With specific examples showing ways of their development and types of microstructures - lamellar, fibrous, monakant, golokant, rab- transmission of hereditary traits. Discusses the validity of the terms dakant, dimorfakant participated in the construction of the tabulae, “Tetracorallia” and “Rugosa” and their bilaterally. septa, plate and akanthin septa. The ability to secrete lamellar scleren- chyma vertical and horizontal skeletal elements like thickening until Keywords: Cambrian; Development; Origin; Rugosa their mutual fusion, was developed from the beginning rugosa stories and observed in many genera, or lesser greater extent until the end of their existence.
  • Mass Occurrence of the Large Solitary Rugose Coral Phaulactis Angusta at the Boundary Lower/Upper Visby Formation in The

    Mass Occurrence of the Large Solitary Rugose Coral Phaulactis Angusta at the Boundary Lower/Upper Visby Formation in The

    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290510570 Mass occurrence of the large solitary rugose coral Phaulactis angusta at the boundary Lower/Upper Visby Formation in the... Article in Gff -Uppsala- · January 2016 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2015.1103780 CITATIONS READS 0 247 3 authors, including: Axel Munnecke Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg 116 PUBLICATIONS 2,597 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Paleobiology of graptolites View project All content following this page was uploaded by Axel Munnecke on 02 February 2016. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. GFF, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2015.1103780 Article Mass occurrence of the large solitary rugose coral Phaulactis angusta at the boundary Lower/Upper Visby Formation in the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden: palaeoecology and depositional implications FRIEDERIKE ADOMAT12, AXEL MUNNECKE1 and ERIKA KIDO3 Adomat F., Munnecke A.& Kido E., 2016: Mass occurrence of the large solitary rugose coral Phaulactis an- gusta at the boundary Lower/Upper Visby Formation in the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden: Palaeoecology and depositional implications. GFF, Vol 00, pp. 1–17. © Geologiska Föreningen. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1 1035897.2015.1103780. Abstract: The boundary between the Lower and Upper Visby formations on Gotland (Sweden), which roughly correlates with the Llandovery–Wenlock boundary, is characterised by a mass occurrence of the large solitary rugose coral Phaulactis angusta.