Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities (CIPA

THE FY’15 BUDGET: STRONG SUPPORT FOR UN COMMITMENTS

The FY’15 Budget:

Strong Support for UN Commitments

THE NEED FOR UN PEACEKEEPING REMAINS URGENT. THE U.S. CAN’T STAND ON THE SIDELINES. Contributions for International Peacekeeping dues. Specifically, it provided no funding for the UN’s new Activities (CIPA) - $2.625 billion peacekeeping mission in Mali (MINUSMA) and failed to address

arrears related to the UN peacekeeping constitutes the are eight times cheaper than U.S. peacekeeping cap, which second largest deployed military forces acting alone. Congress declined to lift from 27% force in the world, with nearly to 28% for either FY’13 or FY’14. by [Article120,000 Author] soldiers, police, and UN peacekeeping missions are This, combined with increased civilian personnel deployed on 15 currently facing a number of needs in several peacekeeping peacekeeping missions in critical and increasingly weighty operations—particularly the UN hotspots around the world. These demands, and it is therefore Mission in South Sudan operations are a boon to U.S. essential that they receive full (UNMISS)—has left a shortfall of interests, as they help promote funding through the CIPA account more than $350 million for UN our nation’s foreign policy and in FY 2015. While BWC’s CIPA peacekeeping in FY’14. national security goals and core request is higher than funding values without requiring the levels in the FY’14 omnibus We are pleased that the commitment of U.S. troops. They appropriations bill, this is because Administration’s FY’15 request for are also eight extremely cost- the FY’14 legislation significantly CIPA represents a significant effective, as UN missions overall underfunded our peacekeeping increase over the FY’14 omnibus

FY’15 President’s FY’15 BWC Account FY’13 Actual FY’14 Estimate Request Request

CIPA $1.913 billion $1.765 billion* $2.518 billion $2.625 billion

PKO $490.2 million $435.6 million $336.15 million $501.65 million**

Peacekeeping Response Mechanism __ __ $150 million $250 million

CIO $1.472 billion $1.34 billion $1.517 billion $1.517 billion

CIO-UN Regular Budget $568 million $618 million $620 million $620 million

*The FY’14 omnibus appropriations bill provided $194 million in PKO to pay U.S. assessments for the UN Office for AMISOM. **This amount includes $165.5 million to pay U.S. assessments for UNSOA. The Administration included UNSOA funding under its CIPA request. THE FY’15 BUDGET: STRONG SUPPORT FOR UN COMMITMENTS 2

and helps reduce the amount the compounds to escape the fighting; U.S. is in arrears to the UN. facilitate the delivery of However, this request does not humanitarian assistance to hundreds address all current peacekeeping- of thousands more who have been related funding shortfalls. As a forced to flee their homes; and result, BWC is requesting $2.625 monitor and document human rights billion for CIPA in FY’15. violations. In addition to fully funding FY’15 needs for CIPA and This amount will help ensure that mission-related shortfalls from the peacekeeping missions that are current fiscal year, BWC also FAST FACTS squarely in our national interest and requests that Congress include

that the U.S. voted to support in the language in the FY’15 SFOPS Security Council receive the appropriations bill allowing the U.S. resources necessary to carry out to pay its peacekeeping dues at the 15 their mandates. For example, full full assessed rate of 28.36%. Similar The number of funding is vital to ensuring that language has been included with MINUSMA is able to continue to help bipartisan support in State/Foreign peacekeeping missions in stabilize key population centers in Operations bills for fifteen of the last hotspots around the world. northern Mali that, up until early last twenty years. Failing to do so would year, were under the control of put the U.S. further into arrears; several radical Islamist groups, deny reimbursement to countries including an affiliate of al-Qaeda. like Bangladesh, Ghana, and Jordan, Full funding for CIPA will also be vital who contribute troops to to the ability of UNMISS to respond peacekeeping operations; and 120,000 to political and interethnic violence potentially deny critical resources to The number of UN soldiers, that broke out in South Sudan in missions that are squarely in our police, and civilian December 2013. Given the Security nation’s security interests. We also Council’s decision to temporarily request that the rate be lifted from personnel currently double UNMISS’s troop strength, 27% to 28.36% retroactively for deployed. robust CIPA funding is necessary to FY’13 and FY’14, given the lack of help peacekeepers protect over language in appropriations bills for 80,000 South Sudanese civilians who these years, allowing us to pay our have sought shelter at UN peacekeeping dues in full.

Peacekeeping used the PKO Account to fund increase AMISOM’s troop assessed contributions for the UN strength to 22,126 after a bloody Support Office for AMISOM attack in September in Nairobi, Operations (PKO) - (UNSOA), which provides Kenya raised fears about a $501.65 million equipment and logistical support resurgent al-Shabaab. This makes to the Somalia mission. AMISOM a strong and well-resourced has made significant military AMISOM and the more critical BWC also requests full funding for gains against the terrorist group over the coming year. As a result,

the PKO account. The funding al-Shabaab recently, driving its BWC requests $501.65 million requested for PKO supports fighters out of Mogadishu in 2011, for PKO in FY’15, which includes by [Article Author] several regional peacekeeping and subsequently their last urban the $165.5 million requested by missions, providing voluntary outpost in southern Somalia in the Administration to pay our funding for the African Union 2012. Nevertheless, the security UNSOA dues (in its budget

Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), as situation in Somalia remains request, the Administration well as other critical activities. In extremely volatile, and the included UNSOA funding under recent years, Congress has also Security Council voted last year to CIPA).

THE FY’15 BUDGET: STRONG SUPPORT FOR UN COMMITMENTS

Peacekeeping Response Mechanism (PKRM)

In addition to traditional deal with the budgetary challenges peacekeeping-related accounts, created by unanticipated new BWC also supports the peacekeeping needs. It is important Administration’s FY’15 request for a to point out, however, that the Peacekeeping Response Mechanism allocation of PKRM funding would be (PKRM) in OCO “to support initial subject to: (1) a determination by the urgent and unexpected Secretary of State that extra funding requirements of new UN and non- beyond the President’s UN missions without compromising FY’15 CIPA or PKO submission is support for existing U.S. needed, and; (2) in the case of CAR peacekeeping commitments.” or any other UN-led peacekeeping Among other things, this funding Last year, the President’s budget did operation, a vote in the Security could be used to support a new UN not include a request for MINUSMA, Council actually establishing such a peacekeeping mission in the Central and Congress declined to fund the mission. While the Administration is African Republic (CAR), which the mission in the FY’14 Omnibus. requesting $150 million for PKRM, Security Council could vote to Clearly, crises requiring the the cost of a CAR mission - by UN authorize in March or April. authorization of new or accounts - is likely to match the costs expanded peacekeeping operations of MINUSMA last year, which was The serious funding challenges can arise at any time, without regard $250 million for the United States. facing MINUSMA demonstrate the to our normal budgetary procedures. As a result, BWC is asking for $250 wisdom of creating a mechanism for As a result, we believe that the million for the account in FY’15. flexible peacekeeping funding. PKRM could be an effective way to

Contributions to UNESCO

International In late 2013, following two consecutive years of not paying our dues, the U.S. lost its vote in UNESCO. Organizations (CIO) – Some of UNESCO’s largest programs are in the Horn of Africa and Middle East promoting $1.517 billion education and free speech. The loss of our voice at UNESCO and the continuing cut-off of funds We also request full funding for the State Department’s CIO significantly dilutes our influence and weakens Account, which includes U.S. dues payments to the UN programs that are directly in our national interest. regular budget, at the level of $1.517 billion included in the We therefore request that Congress provide the President’s FY’14 request (with $620 million specifically for State Department with authority to waive the cut the regular budget). The UN Regular Budget supports a off of U.S. funding to UNESCO so that the U.S. can number of the body’s core functions, and serves as a pay its dues and regain its seat at the table. We do particularly effective example of the strategic and financial support the Administration’s request for value of U.S. engagement with the UN, as other UN Member conditional authority to transfer up to $160 million States pay nearly 80 percent of costs. The regular budget to CIO to pay our UNESCO dues should a waiver be finances, among other things, UN political missions in Iraq, passed by Congress, and the request to include Afghanistan, Central African Republic, and Israel that are $880,000 in the International Organizations and directly in our national interests and working to promote Programs account for UNESCO’s World Heritage stability in key regions of the world. Program.