2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Lecturers
Name: AHN, Heunghwan Department: Ministry of the Interior and Safety, Rep. of Korea Contact: (Office) +82-44-205-6367, (C.P.)+82-10-6403-5277 E-mail: [email protected]
∙ Master & Bachelor degree of Civil Engineering Structure - Korea university 1995~2004
∙ Professional Engineer Civil engineering Structure - 2013
∙ Land & Housing - Public Enterprise, 2005~2016 - Development of New urban city ; Paju new city, Seongnam Pangyo new city, Seoul gangnam & seocho new city, … - Development of Inter-city connecting Roads ; Seoul-Paju, Seoul-Seongnam, …
∙ Public servant in Ministry of the Interior and Safety - Government, 2016~ - Natural Disaster Response Division - Typhoon & Heavy rain, Flood, Winter storm, Drought, Heat wave, …. - Climate Disaster Response Division – Drought, Heat wave, Fine dust, Thunderstorms and Lightning, … 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning
Without Drought Early Warning ? With Drought Early Warning ? Overcame the drought without Residential water restriction Early warning point residential water restriction for a week in Gangneung city (No damage) (USD 4 million damage might have caused) Drought Warning Drought Countermeasure (Gangneung city) Meeting
Overcame the drought Preemptive Actions without damage Emergency water supply plan
- Agricultural water↓of Dam - Supplied by alternative water source CONTENTS
2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
What experts see as future disasters – Climate change & Natural Disaster Likelihood
순위 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Extreme Extreme 심각한 소득 지협적 문제로 대규모 weather weather 1 소득 불균형 불균형 국가간 분쟁 비자발적 이주 events events
Extreme Extreme Extreme 만성적 재정 대규모 Natural weather weather weather 2 불균형 비자발적 이주 disaster events events events
Failure of Greenhouse 실업 및고용 글로벌 Natural climate change 사이버공격 3 gas emission 불안정 거버넌스 실패 disaster mitigation
Failure of Water 지협적 문제로 대규모 테러 데이터 범죄로 climate change 국가붕괴/위기 4 crisis 국가간 분쟁 공격 대형사고 mitigation
Failure of 고령화 대응 실업 및고용 Natural 데이터 범죄로 사이버 공격 climate change 5 실패 불안정 disaster 대형사고 mitigation
Impact
순위 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Failure of 주요 금융체계 Water climate change 대량살상 무기 1 실패 재정위기 crisis 대량살상 무기 mitigation Failure of Extreme Water 감염병의 Extreme climate change weather 2 crisis 대량살상 무기 weather events mitigation 대규모 확산 events
만성적 재정 Water Water Water Natural 3 대량살상 무기 불균형 crisis crisis crisis disaster Failure of 대량 살상무기 실업 및 지협적 문제로 대규모 Natural climate change 4 확산 disaster 고용불안정 국가간 분쟁 비자발적 이주 mitigation
Failure of Failure of Failure of 주요 정보기설 심각한 에너지 Water climate change climate change climate change 5 crisis mitigation 붕괴 mitigation 가격 충격 mitigation 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
What experts see as future disasters – Climate change & Natural Disaster
Future Threating Disaster by Korean experts
Major Complex Disasters
Climate Change & Natural Disasters
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Nuclear plant Accident
Cyber Attack
Eco-system collapse
Capacity of disaster response of Korea Moderate Improved Not enough 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Rising temperatures & Increasing precipitation
Compared with the 1910s, the average temperatures have risen by 1.8 degrees and the average precipitation has increased by 17% in Korea.
Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources
• Frequent typhoons and floods • Change from temperate to subtropical climate • Increased occurrence of droughts & dried streams 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change
Spring
Winter Summer
Autumn 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change Fine Dust, Spring 2019
Spring
Distribution of Fine Dust concentration (PM2.5) ; Mar. 5th 2019.
Winter 500 Summer 451
400 주의보watch 경보warning 315 300
200 173 128 Standar Average Min~ Max 90 d Autumn100 52 th Average concentration on 5 Mar Atmosphere Standard 35 1 1 3 μg/m3 104 μg/m (Min. 44, Max.171) 0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change Heavy rainfall & Typhoon, Summer
Spring
Winter Summer
Autumn
1200 180% Frequency(over(over 30mm/50mm/hr)) 80 200 Ratio of summer precipitation to precipitation summer of Ratio 300 1000 150% 70 70s 80s 90s 00s 10s 250 800 120% 60 150 200 600 90%annual 50 40 150100 400 60% 30100 200 30% 20 50 50
Precipitaion Precipitaion in Summer(mm) 0 0% 10
0-
1996 2004 2012 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1998 2000 2002 2006 2008 2010 2014 2016 2018 1980 0 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 1973 1976 1979 1982 301985㎜/hr1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 200650㎜2009/hr 2012 2015 2018 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change Heat Wave, Summer, 2018
Heat Heat
rainfall rainfall ℃ Spring ℃ wave wave In 2018 In 1994
Winter Summer The day 33 over of waveday heatThe
Autumn 33 over of waveday heatThe Summer rainfall rate compared to average year(%) Summer rainfall rate compared to average year(%)
80 40 5000 2018년
4000
3000 40 30
2000 Casualties
1000
Daily Daily Maxium Temperature(℃) Daily Average Precipitaion(mm) 0 20 0 7/1 7/8 7/15 7/22 7/29 8/5 8/12 8/19 8/26 9/2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 The Average Day of Heat Wave over 33℃ 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change Drought, Spring~Autumn 2015-2018
Spring ‘81 ‘84 ‘91 ‘96 ‘94 ‘00 ‘04 ‘08 ‘10 ‘12 ‘14 ‘16 ‘18 Drought ‘82 ‘88 ‘92 ‘95 year ‘01 ‘06 ‘09 ‘11 ‘13 ‘15 ‘17
Winter Summer
We have been suffering drought damage every year since 2008, regardless of the season
* Frequency of drought in Korea 0.36 times/year(1904~2000, 35times) → 0.72times/year(2001-2018, 13times) Autumn
Precipitation in Monsoon Season, 2014 Water Reserve by Multi-purpose Dams, May ~ July 2014 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change Drought, Spring~Autumn 2015-2018
ㆍ농업피해 11,127ha ㆍ농업피해 7,626ha ㆍ농업피해 5,200ha ㆍ농업피해 7,513ha ㆍ농업피해 39,826ha ㆍ농업피해 22,509ha9,457ha ㆍ생활용수 2,587세대 ㆍ생활용수 14,262세대 ㆍ생활용수 7,497세대 ㆍ생활용수 53,638세대 ㆍ생활용수 6,560세대 ㆍ생활용수 48,3911,229세대세대
2012년 2013년 2014년 2015년 2016년 20182017년
1967년 1976년 1981년 1994년 2001년 2008년
ㆍ대도시 식수난 ㆍ농업/공업용수 부족 ㆍ저수지/하천고갈 ㆍ생/공용수 231,177명 ㆍ생활용수 304,900명 ㆍ농업피해 5,173ha ㆍ호남지방 이농사태 ㆍ서울 극심한 식수난 ㆍ도시용수 부족 ㆍ농작 피해 140,000ha ㆍ농업피해 19,010ha ㆍ생활용수 9,800세대 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅰ. The Risk from Climate Change
Recent Climate Disaster in Korea due to climate change Drought, Spring~Autumn 2015-2018
Drought
Apathy Awareness
Rain Concern
Panic
2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅱ. Frequency ; Drought Conditions
Records of Drought in Ancient Korean History
A Drought in Ancient Korea History ; Historically Drought management had been a important determinant of rise and fall of country - GOJOSEON DYNASTY(BC 2333~BC 108) : The king ruled the world with the god of wind, rain, cloud … - THREE KINGDOM PERIOD(~668) ; GOGURYEO 13, BAEKJE 27, SILLA 59, recorded practicing cannibalism due to famine - KOREA DYNASTY(949~1392) ; 36 times, recorded that people starved to death, The old and children abandoned by famine - JOSEON DYNASTY(1392~1910) ; Holding a ritual for rain, which king participated in personally A copper dragon put in the palace pond, which believed to control a rain 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅱ. Frequency ; Drought Conditions
Records of Drought in Modern Korean History
In modern times, there were also severe and frequent droughts in S. Korea (1939, 1949, 1962, 1968, 1978, 1982 …) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning
Ⅱ. Frequency ; Drought Conditions (1960s Drought damage) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅱ. Frequency ; Drought Conditions
Frequency of Drought in Korean History
▪ In literature, the frequency of typical drought case occurred 1.5t/10y on average
▪ but recently especially since 2000, it occurred 1t/3y
▪ The frequency has been shorten and damage has increased. Moreover regional variation has became severe
Lack of agricultural water Lack of agricultural water Depletion of power plant Lack of agricultural water Lack of drinking water in Lack in agricultural water Depletion of reservoir & Lack of drinking water Reduction of rice water & power plant water main city Lack in industrial water river water Homicide for water argue production (37%↓) Shortage of drinking water Abandonment of farming Lack of drinking water in Seoul
Lack of agricultural, Lack of agricultural water Lak of drinking water Lak of agricultural & Dry monsoon Lack of agricultural & drinking, industrial water Lak of drinking water (eastern& southern area) drinking water Lack of agricultural & drinking water Depletion of reservoir (central& western area) Damage of crop and (central& southern area) drinking water Depletion of reservoir livestock (centralarea) (centralarea) Frequency of drought
1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅱ. Influencing Factors ; Drought Conditions
Natural Factor : Unbalanced Distribution of Rainfall
Annual Precipitation & Renewable Water Resources Reason 3 Regional Differences & Geographical Conditions - Nakdong River 1,100mm vs. Southern coast 1,400mm - Increased runoff due to steep riverbeds
Reason 1 Wide Range of Annual Precipitation, 849~1,861mm
Reason 2 65% of Rainfall Concentrated in Summer
cross section
west east 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅱ. Influencing Factors ; Drought Conditions
Natural Factor : Unbalanced Distribution of Rainfall
Insufficient Precipitation
High Heat wave, Wind Meteorologic Low relative humidity al Drought Lots of sunshine Decline of cloud
Increasing amount of evapotranspiration
Reduction Soil Agricultural moisture Drought Reducing plant growth Crop production cuts
Decreasing river discharge Hydrological Decreasing in reservoir level Drought Decreasing in Ground water level
Economic Social Environmental Impacts Impacts Impacts
Social Drought 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅱ. Influencing Factors ; Drought Conditions
Human Factor : Absence of Control Tower in Government
President · National disaster management Local governments · Local government management Ministry of - finance, personnel, disaster, etc. the Interior and Safety Reservoirs Rivers 3,774 AWS 13,804 Streams 22,824 1,722
Prime KRC(public enterprise) Minister · Agricultural management - agricultural reservoirs and Ministry of Agriculture, irrigation channels Reservoirs Food and Rural Affairs 3,659
K-water (public enterprise) · Water supply management - water supply facilities, dams, Ministry of rivers, groundwater, etc. Environment Multipurpose 16 River Etc. Water supply 11 130 191
· Weather forecasting and monitoring Korea Meteorological ASOS(Automated Synoptic Observing System) 81 AWS(Automatic Weather System) 499 Administration
2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. General ; Disaster Management System
Definition of Disaster
Type Disasters (Article 3-1)
Disasters caused by a typhoon, flood, downpour, strong wind, wind and waves, tidal Natural wave, heavy snowfall, lightning, drought, heat wave, earthquake, sandy dust, hypertrephied of Disasters algae, ebb and flow, volcanic activity, crash or collision of a natural space object, such as an asteroid and meteoroid, and other natural phenomena equivalent thereto
Damage, beyond the scale prescribed by Presidential Decree, caused by a fire, collapse, explosion, traffic accidents, chemical, biological, and radioactive accidents, environmental pollution incidents, etc.; damage caused by the paralyzation of the Social national backbone systems, such as energy, communications, transportation, finance, Accidents medical treatment, and water supply and damage caused by the spread, etc. of infectious diseases under the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act or contagious animal diseases under the Act on the Prevention of Contagious Animal Diseases 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. General ; Disaster Management System
Disaster Management
Mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery are cyclically related.
Activities and results of each step influence the next step 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. General ; Disaster Management System
Major Activities in Disaster Management
Risk Mapping Developing EOP Establishing EWS
Before Insurance Setting up risk Land use planning communication system Re-engineering Preparing emergency disaster-prone areas resources
Finding out the root- causes of damage Activating EOP After Developing and Evacuating at-risk citizens Implementing long-term Search and Rescue recovery plan Implementing ESF 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. General ; Disaster Management System
Responsibility of Government 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Drought Management System
Background of TF Organization of Joint Government
The Government failed to establish a fundamental measures for The Worst drought, the shortage of industrial drought water… A Thirsty Korea Each Ministry and agency pushed for different measures for drought There was no early warning system for drought…
A government that expects nothing but the sky
Drought damage repeated every year, Is there any permanent measures? 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Drought Management System
Schematic diagram of water supply in livelihood water
Central Government? Local Government? Public enterprise? 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Drought Management System
Background of TF Organization of Joint Government
Need ▪ Drought is a natural disaster that affects people’s lives, health and industrial activities, both directly and indirectly. for ▪ Prevention and mitigation to minimize drought-related damage are the government’s key responsibility. government action ▪ There have been needs for comprehensive government support for scientific and long-term drought management.
✓ The President’s Initiative (July 2015) “Set up a control tower to coordinate water resources management” by the integration of drought monitoring system and information sharing
Sep 2015 National policy meeting led by the Prime Minister
Nov 2015 Set up of a taskforce representing relevant ministries
Feb 2016 Division of roles and responsibilities between relevant ministries
Mar 2016 Launch of government-integrated drought forecast-warning system 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Drought Management System
Background of TF Organization of Joint Government
Meteorological Drought Agricultural Drought Hydrological Drought Social-Economical Drought
Ministry Of the Interior and Safety
Composition of TF Organization of Joint Government Blue House Prime Minister TF Leader MOIS Director General for Disaster Response Policy Central Government
General Management Agriculture Management Living water Management Weather information Climate Disaster Response Water Resources Development Climate Extreme Analysis and Rural Infrastructure Division MOIS Division MAFRA ME Division KMA Assessment Team
Analyze information River, Groundwater information National Disaster Management Flood Control office NDMI Research Institute FCO Local Government & Public Enterprise Korea Rural community Local Government K-water Coporation Local Water Supply management Corporation Dam for living water management Reservoir for agriculture management 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Drought Management System
Main Activities of TF Organization of Joint Government
· Promote water saving campaign · Improvement of Law and System · Drought Forecast & warning · Annual Drought Statics · Adjust water supply plan · Comprehensive plan for drought · Drought Monitoring · Arrange alternative water supply · Disaster insurance support
· Measures to mitigate damage in · Establishing Cooperative System · Establish emergency budget plan · Property damage support · Operate Central Headquarters for areas prone to droughts · Investigation of water source · Cause Investigation & feedback Disaster for the cooperation of all · Analysis of capacity in Local Gov. ministries
Comprehensive plan for drought, 2019
· long-term measures for drought- · Subdivide and detail the Drought · Establish proactive monitoring · Link with diverse water resources and step-by-step response system prone areas forecast & warning system · Establish water supply adjustment · Secure alternative water resources · Make Drought vulnerability map · Publish annual drought statics · Repair old facilities (seawater desalination facility and multi · Training and education purpose reservoirs) · Expand the drought information · Expand water recycle system · Cooperatewith local expert consultant · Convert the use of reclaimed land
extend · Make standard waterrestrictprotocol · Change a crop redistribution · Expand Research & Development investment 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Drought Management System
Comprehensive plan for drought, 2019 * 4 SECTORS & 65 DETAILED TASK 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Information ; Drought Management System
The Process of Drought Forecast & Warning System
Step 1 Meteorological Drought Agricultural Drought Hydrological Drought
Meteorological data & Prediction for agricultural Prediction for water forecast information reservoirs and irrigation supply from rivers, dams channels & emergency drinking water system
Step 2 National Disaster Management Research Institute(NDMI) 1. Analyze drought forecast-warning information 167 Local Ministry of provided by each ministry using RDI (real-time drought index). governments the Interior and Safety 2. Review by 167 local governments 3. Address discrepancies between the forecast and actual situations 4. Draft a drought forecast and warning information for public announcement
Step 3 - Discuss the draft forecast and warning information - Assess potential damage - Establish countermeasures - Finalize announcement information 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Information ; Drought Management System
The Process of Drought Forecast Map
Meteorological Drought Agricultural Drought Hydrological Drought
Basic data Data Sharing Analysis Categorization
Weather Forecast Compare supply and demand of water Categorize data by resources based on hydrological data administrative district
Real time hydrologic data (storage, volume, water level) of dams, reservoirs & groundwater
Mapping Mapping based on drought category
Monthly issue for the media and on web portals 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Information ; Drought Management System
The provision of diverse drought information
Drought Status & Drought Index Prospect Frequency 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Information ; Drought Management System
Build a detailed Database Measuring a water containing volume 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Information ; Drought Management System
Build a detailed Database Measuring a water containing volume
<드론측량 경로 설정>
<등고선 추출> <3D 매핑> 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Information ; Drought Management System
Build a detailed Database Integration and Detail on DB
Local govern
【KMA weather observation equipment】 【KMA & Local governments’ equipment】
ASOS(Automated Synoptic Observing System) 81 Local govern. AWS 1,722 AWS(Automatic Weather System) 499 Other agencies. AWS 701
Climate change widens regional difference in precipitation
- To improve accuracy of measurement of precipitation - KMA integrates all weather observation equipment through standardization process - After test, data will be shared on NDMS(National Disaster Management System) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Capacity ; Drought Management System
Training & Support for local government Training for Local Government 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Capacity ; Drought Management System
Training & Support for local government Public Relation of water saving to Farmer 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Capacity ; Drought Management System
Training & Support for local government Public Relation of water saving
is a Smartphone-based text messaging service that uses wireless network of mobile operators (KT, SKT, LGU+) to send out Emergency Alerts to the public in the event of disasters and other emergencies.
Base Transceiver station Base Transceiver station
User 1 User 1 User 1 User 1 User 1 User 1 User 1 User 1
* SMS : Messages are sent to each phone based on 1:1 communication (takes long due to traffic) CBS : Messages are broadcast from the base Transceiver station to all phones at once (faster) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Capacity ; Drought Management System
Training & Support for local government Support for Local Government
Analysis of Local characteristics Cause Analysis and review Making Countermeasures
Repair old facilities & Adjust supply plan
Secure new water source : multi-purpose Groundwater Dam
Analyze Population, Cultivated area, Water source Secure new water source : groundwater development
Capacity and demand Analysis, Calculate additional needs
Capacity Daily supply amount Supply amount on restricted supply condition Required amount 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Efficiency ; Drought Management System
Link with diverse water resources Connect water to water
Water way Water way
RIVER DAM RESERVOIR
· Boryung Dam · Boryung Dam Waterway connection - Water storage capacity : 116.9 million m3 - L=22km, D=1,100mm - Watering population : 480 thousand - Correcting plant 1, Pumping Station 2 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Efficiency ; Drought Management System
Repair old facilities & leaking Pipe * 3,096 Billion won(‘17-’28)
Maintenance of old purification plants
Building Pipe block system
Lack of Diameter Leakage
Smart water supply pipe network maintenance system Replacing Level Quantity Quality old pipes gauge gauge gauge External corrosion
Pipe Break
Managing internal corrosion hydraulic pressure
Pump Pressure Decompression station gauge valve Before After 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Efficiency ; Drought Management System
Adjust water supply plan 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Efficiency ; Drought Management System
Repair old facilities & leaking Pipe Effect of support for local government
Reduction of water leak Operational efficiency 770 million m3
Modernization of 6.6 times of Water supply Saving water facilities Boryung of 6.3 million About 312 Dam people a day Billion won
Increase & manage Water flow rate
Water flow rate
Water supply rate 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Expansion ; Drought Management System
Expand water recycle system Rain water facilities 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Expansion ; Drought Management System
Drought prone area measure Construct Multi-purpose Dam
Lack of water resources New large scale Dam Opposition ? Small to middle size of Multi-purpose Dam
Multi-purpose Dam :Securing New water resource / Expand Storage Volume for flood / Attain closer water for wildfire 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Expansion ; Drought Management System
Secure new water resources Water source for Island province
① Undersea water pipe Install Water pipe using bridge ② Water bottle supply boat
③ Seawater desalination facility
Install Undersea water pipe ④ Underground irrigation
seawater desalination facility ⑤ New reservoir
⑥ Connect water pipe through bridge Water bottle supply boat 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅲ. Expansion ; Drought Management System
Expand Research and Development investment Development of Mega Drought Scenario
120yr
20yr
2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
Government’s Manual for Drought Response
Attention (blue) Monitored by all institution & Sharing information ① Launch inter-ministry task force ② Monitor precipitation and water storage level ③ Adjust water supply plans and arrange alternative water supply sources ④ Forecast expansion of water shortage and establish countermeasures ⑤ Promote water saving campaigns
Caution (yellow) Initially Responded by Local Government ① ~ ⑤ + ⑥ Operate a situation room to monitor damage ⑦ Establish a budget plan to support local governments ⑧ Check the availability of resources
Alert (Orange) Supported by Related Central Ministry ① ~ ⑧ + ⑨ Provide an emergency budget for local governments ⑩ Restrict the supply of river maintenance and agricultural water ⑪ Develop groundwater and establish water pumps to fill reservoirs
Emergency (red) Supported by All Central Ministries(Central Government) ① ~ ⑪ + ⑫ Operate Central Headquarters for Disaster Control and Safety ⑬ Increase the amount of emergency budget for local government ⑭ Restrict the supply of maintenance, agricultural, industrial and residential water ⑮ Utilize emergency water (dead storage in dams and water stored in river weirs) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
Operate Central Headquarters for Disaster Control and Safety
Normal circumstances
Ministry of the Interior and Safety 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
Main Activity for Drought Response
Monitor precipitation and water storage to prevent the spread of drought Restrict the supply of water based on water storage level
Attention Caution Warning Emergency Lowest level Normal
(blue) (yellow) (orange) (red)
)
3 Storage volume (million m Storage volume (million
Day Attention Monitor the situation to prevent Restrict water supply in 4 stages (blue) the spread of drought 1. Reduce maintenance water Caution 1. Monitor data daily (yellow) 2. + Reduce agricultural water 3. + Reduce industrial water 2. Identify key signals and share data Alert with local governments for action (Orange) 4. + Reduce living water
3. Perform water saving campaigns Emergency (red) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
Main Activity for Drought Response
Use of alternative sources and change of sources Cooperation & Development of groundwater
Use of alternative and Cooperation with other organizations new water sources 1. Borrow water supply equipment from army camps, fire stations 1. Analyze water shortage and construction sites 2. Use other dams, rivers, 2. Deliver bottled water for emergency supply reservoirs to fill the shortage Development of groundwater & installation of water 3. Use new water supply sources pumps to lift water from low-lying rivers/reservoirs 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
Atten · (Weather condition) SPI below -1.0(Accumulated Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 65% in average year) tion · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 70% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 60% (blue) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to manage the spare water in living & industry
In case of Sokcho city, Gangwon Province, Feb.~Mar. 2019
Decrease in level of main water resource, Sangchun underground Dam in Sokcho city
✓ Sangchun underground Dam(41,000 ton/day) level down under blue level(below 8m) * Feb. ~ Mar. 2018 restricted water supply area
✓ Alternative supply by other water source(Haksapyung reservoir), Emergency facility operation(groundwater 20,000ton/day)
✓ Long-term drought mitigation development(multi-purpose Dam, 9,000ton/day), Modernization of water supply facilities
(5,000ton/day)
Implement alternative water supply 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
Cauti · (Weather condition) SPI below -1.5(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 55% in average year) on · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 60% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 45% (yellow) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to restrict to river maintenance water
In case of Juam Multi-dam, Jeonnam Province, Jun. 2017- Jun. 2018 * Repeat Yellow → Normal → yellow → normal
Supply Reduction Reserved ✓ Reduce river maintenance water(160,000ton/day) Section (thousand Period (thousand ton/day) ton/day) amount 3th. Aug. 2017 ~ For living & 1,180 170 44,900 ✓ Reduce agricultural water(40,000ton/day) industry 9th.May. 2018 20th. June. 2017 Farm 130 35 2,500 ✓ Water supply in conjunction with surrounding dams ~ 20th.Sep. 2017 11th. June. 2017 River 120 160 45,700 maintenance ~ 9th.May. 2018 - Alternative water supply by Sua dam(100,000ton/day)
Total 1,430 365 93,100 - Other Alternative supply by Seomjindang
dam(70,000ton/day) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
· (Weather condition) SPI below -2.0(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 45% in average year) Alert · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 50% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 30% (orange) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need restrict to river maintenance & agricultural water
In case of Boryung Multi-dam, Chungnam Province, Mar. 2017- Apr 2018 Seochun distribution reservoir Gosan Purification Plant
8 Local Alternative supply government (4,000 ton/day) Yongdam Dam Alternative supply (21,000 ton/day)
Alternative supply (9,000 ton/day) Boryung Daechung Alternative supply (4,000 ton/day) Dam Dam
Geumgang Supply Reduction Reserved River Section (thousand Period (thousand ton/day) ton/day) amount 3th. Aug. 2017 ~ For living & 248 - 419,600 industry 9th.May. 2018 Boryung Purification Plant 20th. June. 2017 Reduce Farm 22 - th - river maintenance water ~ 20 .Sep. 2017 (27,000 ton/day) 11th. June. 2017 River 31 27 13,600 maintenance ~ 9th.May. 2018
Total 301 365 433,200 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
· (Weather condition) SPI below -2.0(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 45% in average year) Alert · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 50% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 30% (orange) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to restrict to river maintenance & agricultural water
In case of Boryung Multi-dam, Chungnam Province, Mar. 2017- Apr 2018
Pipe cleaning & pumping facility maintenance
Water quality control
· Boryung Dam Waterway connection for emergency
- L=22km, D=1,100mm(intake water plant 1, Pumping Station 2, Purification plant 1) - Government Determination due to Suffering extreme drought in 2015 - Construction Period : Oct. 2015 ~ Oct. 2016 - Construction Cost : 62,500 million won Water quality control ; Blocking green algae
· Pumping to dam & distributing in branching area for agriculture 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
· (Weather condition) SPI below -2.0(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 45% in average year) Alert · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 50% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 30% (orange) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to restrict to river maintenance & agricultural water
In case of Boryung Multi-dam, Chungnam Province, Mar. 2017- Apr 2018
Adjust water supply plan in southern area by youngdam Dam
2nd Adjust water supply plan in northern area by Daechung Dam Daechung Dam
Boryung Dam
Yongdam Dam 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
Emerg · (Weather condition) SPI below -2.0(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 45% in average year) & More than 20 day Continue ency · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 40% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 15% (red) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to restrict to the supply of living & industry water
In case of Unmun Multi-dam, Gyeongbuk Province, . 2017 - 2018
Intake Keumho River water plant
Nakdong River Alternative supply (30,000 ton/day)
Emergency Pumping facility from river (Max. 127,000ton/day)
Purification Reduce maintenance Plant water (78,000 ton/day)
Supply Reduction Reserved Section (thousand Period (thousand ton/day) ton/day) amount Unmun Purification 4th. Aug. 2017 ~ Purification Dam For living & 376 234 47,300 Plant industry 3th.Jun. 2018 Plant 1th~30th Sep. 2017, Farm 25 4 140 Alternative supply 1th~12th Apr. 2018 (77,000 ton/day) 21th. Jun. 2017 ~ River 78 78 19,400 maintenance 3th.Jun. 2018
Total 479 316 66,840 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
Emerg · (Weather condition) SPI below -2.0(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 45% in average year) & More than 20 day Continue ency · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 40% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 15% (red) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to restrict to the supply of living & industry water
In case of Unmun Multi-dam, Gyeongbuk Province, . 2017 - 2018
The worst drought, A Thirsty Daegu & Kyungbuk
Unmun Dam water storage rate 10%, Emergency in Daegu Daegu city, water storage rate 10%, Restrict water supply? The worst drought Daegu… water supply emergency
Red Alert in Daegu water supply… construct emergency facility Unmun dam water storage rate 14%, Daegu city “ No restriction on water supply”
· Unmun Dam Waterway connection for emergency
- L=3.0km, D=1,200mm(Correcting plant 1, Pumping Station 1) - Government Determination due to Suffering extreme drought in 2017 (Designate Urgent Emergency disaster prevent facilities ; construct without approval procedure - Construction Period : Nov. 2017 ~ Feb. 2018 (3 month) - Construction Cost : 27,500 million won 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ⅳ. Recent Response Case against Drought
The recent case of drought response according to steps
Emerg · (Weather condition) SPI below -2.0(Accumulate Precipitation in recent 6 months is less than or equal to 45% in average year) & More than 20 day Continue ency · (Agricultural water) Water storage rate in agricultural reservoir is below 40% of average year, Soil moisture rate in field is less than 15% (red) · (Living water) Water storage in multi-purpose dam is lower than usual and need to restrict to the supply of living & industry water
In case of Unmun Multi-dam, Gyeongbuk Province, . 2017 - 2018
Dam water supply management
· Reduce the river maintenance water : 78,000ton/day
· Reduce the agricultural water supply : 4,000ton/day
Alternative water supply
· Alternative supply from Maekok correcting water plant : 63,000
~77,000ton/day
· Alternative supply from Gyungsan correcting water plant : 7,000
~30,000ton/day
Emergency Pumping facility
· Construct emergency facility Nov. 2017~ Feb. 2018
· Operate the facility to supply water from the river(127,000ton/day) 2019 KOICA-UN ESCAP Capacity Building on Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Ministry of Interior and Safety