WHITE PAPER
An Overview of the PXI Platform
02 OVERVIEW OF A PXI SYSTEM
03 CHASSIS
06 CONTROLLER
10 PERIPHERAL MODULES
11 SOFTWARE
12 PROVEN CUSTOMER SUCCESS
ni.com AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Overview of a PXI System Overview of a PXI System PoweredPoweredOverview by software, by software, PXI ofis a PXI ruggeda isPXI a ruggedPC-based System PC -platformbased platform for measurement for measurement and automation and automation systems. systems. PXI combines PXI PCI electrical-buscombinesPowered PCIby features software, electrical with PXI-bus the is features a modular, rugged with PC Eurocard the-based modular, platform packaging Eurocard for measurement of packaging CompactPCI ofand CompactPCI andautomation then adds and systems. thenspecialized PXI synchronizationaddscombines specialized buses PCI electrical andsynchronization key-bus software features buses features. with and the key PXImodular, software is both Eurocard features.a high-performance packaging PXI is both of aCompactPCI andhigh -low-costperformance and deployment then and platformlowadds for-cost applications specialized deployment synchronization such platform as manufacturing for applications buses and test, keysuch military software as manufacturing and features. aerospace, PXI test, is machinemilitary both a highand monitoring, -aerospace,performance automotive, and machinelow-cost monitoring, deployment automotive, platform for and applications industrial suchtest. asDeveloped manufacturing in 1997 test, and military launched and in aerospace, 1998, PXI is an and industrialopmachineen industry test. monitoring, Developed standard automotive, governed in 1997 and byand thelaunched industrial PXI Systems in test. 1998, Developed Alliance PXI is an(PXISA), in open 1997 industry a and group launched ofstandard more in than 1998, governed 70 PXI is by an the PXI Systemscompaniesopen Allianceindustry chartered (PXISA),standard to a promotegoverned group of the bymore PXI the thanstandard,PXI Systems 70 companies ensure Alliance interoperability, chartered (PXISA), toa andgroup promote maintain of more the the PXIthan PXI standard, 70 ensure interoperability,specificationcompanies and charteredacross maintain its to mechanical,the promote PXI specification the electrical, PXI standard, acrossand software ensure its mechanical, architecturesinteroperability, electrical,. and maintain and software the PXI architectures. specification across its mechanical, electrical, and software architectures.
FIG TheFigure PXISA 1 defines. The PXISA requirements defines to requirements ensure interoperability to ensure between interoperability vendors, and between leaves vendors,flexibility for and leaves flexibility for vendor-defined functionality in areas. 1 vendor-definedFigure 1. The functionality. PXISA defines requirements to ensure interoperability between vendors, and leaves flexibility for vendor-defined functionality in areas. PXI systems are composed of three main hardware components: chassis, controller, and peripheral modules.PXI system Thes arehardware composed systems of three are drivenmain hardware by software, components: often with chassis,individual controller, portions ofand LabVIEW, periphera l PXI systemsC/C++,modules. are .NET, composed The or hardware Python of threecode systems being main are organizedhardware driven by bycomponents: software, test management often chassis, with softwareindividual controller, ( forportions example,and peripheral of LabVIEW, TestStand) modules. . The hardwareC/C++, systems .NET, are or driven Python by code software, being oftenorganized with byindividual test management portions of software LabVIEW, (for C/C++, example, .NET, TestStand) or Python. code being organized by test management software (for example, TestStand).
FIG A PXI system includes a chassis, controller, instrumentation, and software. 2 Figure 2. A PXI system includes a chassis, controller, instrumentation, and software. Figure 2. A PXI system includes a chassis, controller, instrumentation, and software.
ni.com/pxi 02 ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Chassis ChassisThe PXI chassis is the backbone of a PXI system and compares to the mechanical enclosure and motherboard of a desktop PC. It provides power, cooling, and a communication bus to the system, and The PXI chassissupport is sthe multiple backbone instr ofumentation a PXI system modules and compares within to the the same mechanical enclosure. enclosure PXI anduses motherboard commercial of PCa desktop-based PC. It providesPCI and power, PCI cooling, Express and bus a communication technology while bus to combining the system, rugged and supports CompactPCI multiple instrumentationmodular packaging, modules as within well the same asenclosure. key timing PXI usesand commercialsynchronization PC-based features. PCI and Chassis PCI Express range bus in sizetechnology from four while to combining 18 slots torugged fit the CompactPCI needs of modular packaging,any application, as well aswhether key timing its andintentions synchronization are to be features. a portable, Chassis a benchtop, range in size a rackfrom- fourmount, to 18 or slots an toembedded fit the needs of any application,system. whether its intentions are to be a portable, a benchtop, a rack-mount, or an embedded system.
FIG NI PXI chassis vary in size from fourFigure to 18 3. slots. NI PXI chassis vary in size from four to 18 slots. 3 PCI and PCI Express Communication PCI andThe PCI PCI Express bus gained Communication adoption as a mainstream computerdata bus pipeline. in the mid Data-1990s is sent as serially a parallel in packets bus withthrough a pairs theoretical maximum of 132 MB/s shared bandwidth. PCIof Expresstransmit-and-receive was introduced signals in called2003 lanes,as an which enable The PCI busimprovement gained adoption to the as PCI a mainstream standard. computerThe new busstandard replaced250 MB/s the theoretical shared bus bandwidth used for per PCI direction, with a sharedper lane for in the mid-1990sswitch, aswhich a parallel gives bus each with device a theoretical its own maximum direct access toPCI the Express bus. 1.0. Since the introduction of PCI Express, the of 132 MB/s shared bandwidth. PCI Express was introduced in standard has continued to evolve to allow faster data rates while 2003 as anUnlike improvement PCI, which to the divides PCI standard. bandwidth The new between standard all devicesmaintaining on the bus, backward PCI Express compatibility. provides PCI eachExpress device 2.0 doubles replaced thewith shared its own bus dedicated used for PCI data with pipeline. a shared switch,Data is which sent seriallythe in per-lane packets theoretical through pairs bandwidth of transmit to 500- andMB/s-receive per direction, gives eachsignals device calledits own lanes,direct access which toenable the bus. 250 MB/s theoretical andbandwidth PCI Express per direction,3.0 doubles per this lane again for to PCI1 GB/s Express per direction, 1.0. Since the introduction of PCI Express, the standardper has lane. continued Multiple tolanes evolve can alsoto allow be grouped faster togetherdata rates into x2 Unlike PCI,while which maintaining divides bandwidth backward between compatibility. all devices onPCI the Express 2.0(“by doubles two”), x4, thex8, x12,per and-lane x16 theoretical lane widths bandwidth to further increase to bus, PCI Express500 MB/s provides per direction, each device and with PCI its Express own dedicated 3.0 doubles thisbandwidth again to capabilities. 1 GB/s per direction, per lane. Multiple lanes can also be grouped together into x2 (“by two”), x4, x8, x12, and x16 lane widths to further increase bandwidth capabilities.
ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi 03 AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
FIG PCI Express providesFigure a high data4. PCI throughput Express and provides low communication a high data throughputlatency bus, andideal low for testcommunication and measurement applications. 4 latency bus, ideal for test and measurement applications.
Equivalently, the PXI Express standard evolved from the PXI standard to incorporate the PCI Express Equivalently,bus. the This PXI Expressincreased standard bandwidth evolved allows from thePXI PXI Express to mTimingeet even and more Synchronization application needs like high-speed standard todigitizer incorporate data the streaming PCI Express to disk, bus. Thishigh increased-speed digital protocol analysis, and large-channel-count DAQ bandwidthsystems allows PXI for Express structural to meet and even acoustic more applicationtest. One of the key advantages of a PXI system is the integrated needs like high-speed digitizer data streaming to disk, high- timing and synchronization. A PXI chassis incorporates a speed digitalBecause protocol the analysis, PXI Express and large-channel-count backplane integrates DAQ PCI Expressdedicated while 10 stillMHz preserving system reference compatibility clock, PXI with trigger PXI bus, star systems formodules, structural users and acoustic benefit test.from increased bandwidth whiletrigger maintaining bus, and backward slot-to-slot compatibility local bus to address with legacy the need for PXI systems. PXI Express specifies PXI Express hybridadvanced slots to delivertiming and signals synchronization. for both PCI These and timing PCI signals are Because theExpress. PXI Express With backplane PCI Express integrates electrical PCI Expresslines connecting thededicated system signals slot controller in addition to to the communicationhybrid slots of architecture. the while still preservingbackplane, compatibility PXI Express with provides PXI modules, a hig usersh-bandwidth pathThe from 10 MHzthe controller clock within to thebackplane chassis canslots. be Using exported a or PCI Express-to-PCI bridge, PXI Express provides PCI signaling to all PXI and PXI Express slots to benefit from increased bandwidth while maintaining backward replaced with a higher stability reference. This allows the sharing ensure compatibility with hybrid-compatible PXI modules on the backplane. In doing so, these PXI compatibility with legacy PXI systems. PXI Express specifies of the 10 MHz reference clock between multiple chassis and Express hybrid slots provide backward compatibility that is not available with desktop PC card-edge PXI Express hybrid slots to deliver signals for both PCI and other instruments that can accept a 10 MHz reference. By connectors, in which a single slot cannot support both PCI and PCI Express signaling. PCI Express. With PCI Express electrical lines connecting the sharing this 10 MHz reference, higher sample rate clocks can system slot controller to the hybrid slots of the backplane, phase-lock loop (PLL) to the stable reference, improving the PXI ExpressTiming provides and a high-bandwidth Synchronization path from the sample alignment of multiple PXI instruments. In addition to controller Oneto backplane of the key slots. advantages Using a PCI ofExpress-to-PCI a PXI system is the integratedthe reference timing andclock, synchronization. PXI provides eight A transistor-transistor PXI chassis bridge, PXIincorporates Express provides a dedicated PCI signaling 10 MHzto all PXIsystem and PXI reference clock,logic PXI (TTL) trigger lines bus,as a triggerstar trigger bus. This bus, allows and anyslot module-to-slot in local bus to address the need for advanced timing and synchronization. These timing signals are Express slots to ensure compatibility with hybrid-compatible the system to set a trigger that can be seen from any other dedicated signals in addition to the communication architecture. The 10 MHz clock within the chassis can PXI modules on the backplane. In doing so, these PXI Express module. Finally, the local bus provides a means to establish be exported or replaced with a higher stability reference. This allows the sharing of the 10 MHz reference hybrid slots provide backward compatibility that is not available dedicated communication between adjacent modules. with desktopclock PC between card-edge multiple connectors, chassis in which and aother single instruments that can accept a 10 MHz reference. By sharing slot cannotthis support 10 MHz both reference, PCI and PCI higher Express sample signaling. rate clocks can phase-lock loop (PLL) to the stable reference, improving the sample alignment of multiple PXI instruments.Building In on addition PXI capabilities, to the reference PXI Express clock, also providesPXI a 100 MHz provides eight transistor-transistor logic (TTL) lines as adifferential trigger bus. system This clock, allows differential any module signaling, in the and system differential to set a trigger that can be seen from any other module.star Finally, triggers. the By local using bus differential provides clocking a means and to synchronization, establish dedicated communication between adjacent modules.PXI Express systems benefit from increased noise immunity for instrumentation clocks and the ability to transmit at higher- Building on PXI capabilities, PXI Express also provides frequencya 100 MHz rates. differential PXI Express system chassis clock, provide differential these more signaling, and differential star triggers. By using differentialadvanced clocking timing and and synchronization, synchronization capabilitiesPXI Express in addition systems benefit from increased noise immunity for instrumentationto all the standard clocks PXI and timing the and ability synchronization to transmit signaling.at higher-frequency rates. PXI Express chassis provide these more advanced timing and synchronization capabilities in addition to all the standard PXI timing and synchronization signaling.
ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi 04 AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
The timing and synchronization capabilities of PXI and PXI Express chassis FIG The timingFigure and synchronization 5. capabilities of PXI and PXI Express chassis provide the best-in-class integration of provide the best-in-class integration of instrumentation and I/O modules. 5 instrumentationFigure 5.and The I/O timingmodules. and synchronization capabilities of PXI and PXI Express chassis provide the best-in-class integration of instrumentation and I/O modules. In addition to the signal-based methods of synchronizing PXI and PXI Express, these systems can also leverage synchronization methods using absolute time. A variety of sources including GPS, IEEE 1588, In additionIn additionto the signal-based to the signal methods-based of methodssynchronizing of synchronizing PXI and PXI Express, PXI and these PXI systems Express, can thesealso leverage systems synchronization can also methods leverageor IRIG can synchronization provide absolute methods time usingwith the absolute use of time.an additional A variety timing of sources module. including These GPS,protocols IEEE transmit 1588, using absolute time. A variety of sources including GPS, IEEE 1588, or IRIG can provide absolute time with the use of an additional timing ortime IRIG information can provide in aabsolute packet sotime systems with the can use correlate of an additional their time. timing PXI systemsmodule. Thesehave been protocols deployed transmit over module. These protocols transmit time information in a packet so systems can correlate their time. PXI systems have been deployed over timelarge information distances withoutin a packet sharing so systems physical can clocks correlate or triggers. their time.Instead, PXI theysystems rely onhave sources been deployedsuch as GPS over to large distances without sharing physical clocks or triggers. Instead, they rely on sources such as GPS to synchronize their measurements. largesynchronize distances their without measurem sharingents. physical clocks or triggers. Instead, they rely on sources such as GPS to synchronize their measurements. Power Powerand Cooling and Cooling PowerThe I/O andand instrumentationCooling modules that populate a PXI chassis vary in their amount of required power. The I/O TheandNI PXIinstrumentation I/O Expressand instrumentation chassis modules provid that modules populatee at least that a PXI38.25 populate chassis W of varya power PXI in theirchassis and amount cooling vary of into required their every amount power.peripheral NIof PXIrequired sl Expressot; some power. chassis provide at least NI38.25chassis PXI W Express of pus powerh slot chassis and cooling cooling provid capacity to everye at least evenperipheral 38.25 further slot; W and of some power can chassis provide and pushcooling 58 slotW orto cooling every82 W capacityoperipheralf cooling even tosl otfurthera ;single some and slot. can provide 58 W or chassis82Th Wis ofextra cooling pus powerh slot to a coolingsingleand cooling slot. capacity This make extra even advanced power further and cooling capabilitiesand can make provide ofadvanced high 58-performance W capabilities or 82 W ofof modules, high-performancecooling tosuch a single as modules, slot. such as digitizers,Thdigitizers, high-speedis extra powerhigh digital-speed and I/O, coolingand digital RF modules, I/O,make and advanced possible RF modules, in capabilities applications possible of that inhigh mayapplications-performance require continuous that modules, may acquisitionrequire such continuous asor high-speed testing. Chassisdigitizers, varyacquisition in total high power, or -highspeed so-speed it isdigital always testin I/O, a bestg. and Chassis practice RF modules, vary to perform in totalpossible a power,system-level in applications so it poweris always budget that a maybest when requirepractice configuring continuous to perform a new system. a acquisitionsystem-level or powerhigh-speed budget testing. when Chassisconfiguring vary a innew total system. power, so it is always a best practice to perform a system-level power budget when configuring a new system.
FIG The PXIe-1085 24 GB/s chassis includes high-performance, field-replaceable fans. 6 Figure 6. The PXIe-1085 24 GB/s chassis includes high-performance, field-replaceable fans. Figure 6. The PXIe-1085 24 GB/s chassis includes high-performance, field-replaceable fans.
ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi 05 AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Controller PXI embedded controllers are typically built using standard PC components in a small PXI package. Performance benchmarking As defined by the PXI Hardware Specification, all PXI chassis done by NI R&D also ensures the development of controllers contain a system controller slot located in the leftmost slot that are optimized for test and measurement applications to of the chassis (slot 1). Controller options include remote guarantee that code and algorithms run faster. For example, the control modulesController that allow PXI system control from a desktop, PXIe-8880 has a 2.3 GHz eight-core Intel Xeon E5-2618L v3 workstation,As defined server, orby laptop the PXI computer Hardware as well Specification, as high- all PXI chassisprocessor contain (3.4 a GHz system maximum controller in single-core, slot located Turbo in Boost performancethe leftmost embedded slot controllers of the chassis with either (slot a 1).Microsoft Controller optionsmode), include up remote to 24 GB control of DDR4 modules RAM, solid-state that allow drive, PXI two Gigabit OS (Windowssystem 7/10) control or a real-time from a OSdesktop, (LabVIEW workstation, Real-Time). server, or laptopEthernet computer ports, SMBas well trigger, as highand standard-performance PC peripherals like embedded controllers with either a Microsoft OS (Windowstwo 7 USB/10) 3.0or aports, real -fourtime USB OS 2.0 (LabVIEW ports, DisplayPort, Real-Time). and GPIB.
PXI EmbeddedPXI Embed Controllersded Controllers When NI releases a new PXI embedded controller, it offers the PXI embeddedPXI embedded controllers controllers eliminate the eliminate need for thean external need for an externalcontroller PC and shortly provide after amajor high computer-performance, manufacturers yet like Dell PC and providecompact a high-performance, in-chassis embedded yet compact computer in-chassis solution for youror PXI HP releaseor PXI Expresscomputers measurement featuring the same system. high-performance These embedded controllers have extended temperature, shock, and vibration specifications and come embedded computer solution for your PXI or PXI Express embedded mobile processor. Because NI has been in the with an extensive feature list such as the latest integrated CPUs, hard drive, memory, Ethernet, video, measurement system. These embedded controllers have business of releasing PXI embedded controllers for more serial, USB, and other peripherals. By providing these peripherals on the controller’s front panel, overall extended temperature, shock, and vibration specifications and than 15 years, the company has developed a close working system cost is minimized because you don’t need to purchaserelationship individual with key PXI processor or PXI Express manufacturers cards such to gain as Intel and come withsimilar an extensive functionality. feature Thelist such control as theler latest comes integrated pre-configured with LabVIEW Real-Time or Microsoft CPUs, hard drive, memory, Ethernet, video, serial, USB, and other Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). For example, NI is an associate Windows and all the device drivers pre-installed. NI’s embeddedmember ofcontrollers the Intel Embedded also have Alliance, managed which life offers access to peripherals.cycles By providingand offer these vendor peripherals support on to the ensure controller’s test system longevity and compatibility with the PXI ecosystem. front panel, overall system cost is minimized because you don’t the latest Intel product roadmaps and samples. need to purchasePXI embedded individual controllers PXI or PXI areExpress typically cards built to gain using standard PC components in a small PXI package. similar functionality.Performance The benchmarking controller comes done pre-configured by NI R&D with also ensures the development of controllers that are LabVIEWoptimized Real-Time for or Microsofttest and measurementWindows and all applicationsthe device to guarantee that code and algorithms run faster. For drivers pre-installed.example, the NI’s PXIe embedded-8880 has controllers a 2.3 GHz also haveeight -core Intel Xeon E5-2618L v3 processor (3.4 GHz maximum managedin life single cycles-core, and offerTurbo vendor Boost support mode), to up ensure to 24 test GB of DDR4 RAM, solid-state drive, two Gigabit Ethernet system longevityports, SMB and trigger,compatibility and standardwith the PXI PC ecosystem. peripherals like two USB 3.0 ports, four USB 2.0 ports, DisplayPort, and GPIB.
FIG The PXIe-8880 embedded controller, featuring the eight-core Intel Xeon E5 processor, is ideal for high-performance, high-throughput, Figure7 and7. The computationally PXIe-8880 embeddedintensive test controller, and measurement featuring applications. the eight-core Intel XeonE5 processor, is ideal for high-performance, high- throughput, and computationally intensive test and measurement applications.
When NI releases a new PXI embedded controller, it offers the controller shortly after major computer manufacturers like Dell or HP release computers featuring the same high-performance embedded mobile processor. Because NI has been in the business of releasing PXI embedded controllers for over 15 years, the company has developed a close working relationship with key processor manufacturers suchni.com/pxi as Intel 06 and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). For example, NI is an associate member of the Intel Embedded Alliance, which offers access to the latest Intel product roadmaps and samples.
ni.com/pxi AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
In additionIn toaddition computing to computing performance, performance, I/O bandwidth I/O plays bandwidth a critical playsrole in adesigning critical rolinstrumentatione in designing systems. instrumentation As modern In addition to computing performance, I/O bandwidth plays a critical role in designing instrumentation test and systems.measurement As modern systems testbecome and more measurement complex, there systems is a growing become need more to exchange complex, more there and is more a growing data between need to systems. As modern test and measurement systems become more complex, there is a growing need to the instrumentsexchange and more the system and more controller. data With between the introduction the instruments of PCI Express and the and system PXI Express, controller. NI embedded With the controllersintroduction exchange more and more data between the instruments and the system controller. With the introduction have metof this PCI need Express and now and deliver PXI upExpre to 24ss, GB/s NI embeddedof system bandwidth controllers to the have PXI met Express this chassisneed and backplane. now deliver up to 24 GB/sof PCI of systemExpress bandwidth and PXI Expre to thess, PXI NI Expressembedded chassis controllers backplane. have met this need and now deliver up to 24 GB/s of system bandwidth to the PXI Express chassis backplane.
FIG NI has continued to deliverFigure the 8. latest NI has and continued most powerful to deliver processing the latest technology and most to the powerful PXI platform processing for the last 20 years. 8 Figure 8. NI technology has continued to the to PXI deliver platform the latest for the and last most 20 yearspowerful. processing technology to the PXI platform for the last 20 years. Rack-Mount Controllers Rack-Mount Controllers To provide an alternative computing and control option, NIhigh offers data external storage capacity1U rack -andmount high-speed controllers. streaming Rack-MountTo provide Controllers an alternative computing and control option, NI offers external 1U rack-mount controllers. They feature high-performance multicore processors for intensiveto disk. These computation controllers and are multiple designed removable to be used with To providehardThey an alternativedrives feature for highcomputinghigh- performancedata storageand control multicorecapacity option, and processors high-speed for intensivestreaming computation to disk. These and controllers multiple removable are hard drives for high data storage capacity and high-speedMXI-Express streaming and to MXI-4disk. Theseremote controllers controllers forare interfacing NI offersdesigned external 1U to rack-mount be used with controllers. MXI-Express They feature and MXI -4 remoteto controllers PXI or PXI Expressfor interfacing chassis. to In PXI this orconfiguration, PXI Express the high-performancechassis.designed In multicore tothis be configuration, used processors with MXI the for-Express intensivePXI/PXI and Express MXI-4 devices remote incontrollers the PXI system for interfacing appear toas PXI local or PCI/PCI PXI Express chassis. In this configuration, the PXI/PXI Express devicesPXI/PXI in the Express PXI system devices appearin the PXI as system local appearPCI/PCI as local computationExpress and devicesmultiple removablein the rack hard-mount drives controller. for Express devices in the rack-mount controller. PCI/PCI Express devices in the rack-mount controller.
FIG Rack-mount controllers with MXI-Express or MXI-4 remote controllers can be used to
9 control PXI or PXI Express chassis. Figure 9. Rack-mount controllers with MXI-Express or MXI-4 remote controllers can be used to control PXI or PXI Express chassis. Figure 9. Rack-mount controllers with MXI-Express or MXI-4 remote controllers can be used to control PXI or PXI Express chassis.
ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi 07 ni.com/pxi AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
PC ControlPC Control of PXI of PXI (up to 100 meters), but may have lower data throughput Through MXI-Express technology, PXI Remote Control Modulescapability. provide Most PCs a simple, are immediately transparent compatible connection with Through betweenMXI-Express a host technology, machine, PXI like Remote a desktop Control PC, and the PXIPXI chassis remote and control instruments. solutions. DuringFurthermore, start-up, compatibility the Modules computerprovide a simple, recognizes transparent all peripheral connection modules between in the PXI systemwith MXI-Express as PCI boards, devices al lowingis ext ended further to interactioneven more PCs a host machine,withPC theseControl like a devices desktop of PXI throughPC, and thethe PXI controller. chassis and PC control of PXIthrough consists NI’s MXI-Express of a PCI/PCI Bios Express Compatibility board Software in your . instruments.computerThrough During MXI and start-up,- Expressa PXI/PXI the computertec Expresshnology, recognizes module PXI Remote in slot Controlone of yourModules PXI system,provide connecteda simple, transparent by a copper connection or fiber- all peripheralopticbetween modules cable. a host Copper in the machine, PXI cab systemles like offer asa desktopPCIhigher boards, data PC, throughputand the PXI capability, chassis and but instruments.are generally During shorter start (1 to-up, 10 the allowing furthermeters),computer interaction while recognizes fiber with-optic these all peripheralcables devices are through modules available the in in the much PXI longersystemLaptop options as ControlPCI (up boards, to of10 0alPXI meters)lowing further, but may interaction have controller.lowerwith PC controlthese data devicesthroughput of PXI consists through capability. of athe PCI/PCI controller. Most Express PCs PC are control immediately of PXI consistscompatible of awi PCI/PCIth PXI remote Express control board solutions. in your You can equivalently control a PXI Express system from a board in Furthermore,yourcomputer computer and compatibility anda PXI/PXI a PXI/PXI Express with Express MXI module -moduleExpress in slot devices one ofis yourextended PXI system, to even connectedmore PCs bythrough a copper NI’s orMXI fiber- - laptop computer using the PXIe-8301 remote control module in slot oneExpressoptic of your cable. BiosPXI Coppersystem, Compatibility connectedcables Softwareoffer by higher a copper. data or throughput capability, but are generally shorter (1 to 10 from National Instruments. Laptop control of PXI Express fiber-opticmeters), cable. Copper while cablesfiber-optic offer highercables data are throughput available in much longer options (up to 100 meters), but may have capability, but are generally shorter (1 to 10 meters), while consists of a PXI Express module in slot one of your chassis lower data throughput capability. Most PCs are immediately compatible with™ PXI remote control solutions. fiber-opticFurthermore, cables are available compatibility in much with longer MXI options-Express devices is extendedand a Thunderbolt to even 3more cable PCs connected through to NI’s your MXI laptop.- Express Bios Compatibility Software.
Figure 10. Remote control modules enable desktop control of one or more PXI chassis.
Laptop Control of PXI You can equivalently control a PXI Express system from a laptop computer using the PXIe-8301 remote FIG control module fromFigure RemoteNational 10. controlRemote Instruments. modules control enable modules Laptop desktop enable control control desktop of ofone controlPXI or more Express of PXI one chassis. or consistsmore PXI chassisof a PXI. Express module in slot one10 of your chassis and a Thunderbolt 3™ cable connected to your laptop. Laptop Control of PXI You can equivalently control a PXI Express system from a laptop computer using the PXIe-8301 remote control module from National Instruments. Laptop control of PXI Express consists of a PXI Express module in slot one of your chassis and a Thunderbolt 3™ cable connected to your laptop.
FIG Figure 11. The PXIe-8301 remote control module is ideal for ultra-portable applications. Thunderbolt is a The PXIe-8301 remote control module is ideal for ultra-portable applications. 11 trademark of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and/or other countries.
ni.com/pxi Figure 11. The PXIe-8301 remote control module is ideal for ultra-portable applications. Thunderbolt is ni.com/pxia 08 trademark of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and/or other countries.
ni.com/pxi AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Multichassis Configurations MultichassisMulticMultichassis hassisConfigurations configurations Configurations allow two or more PXI chassis to be managed by a single master controller. MultichassisMultiAs configurations achassis unified configurationssystem, allow twomultiple or moreallow chassis PXI two chassis or can more take to bePXI advantage managed chassis by toof a be benefitssingle managed master such controller.by as a cross single As-chassis master a unified co system,ntroller. multiple chassis canAssynchronization, take a unified advantage system, of separation benefits multiple such ofchassis iasnstrument cross-chassis can take types advantage synchronization, to optimize of benefitsdata separation throughput, such of as instrument crossand peer-chassis types-to-peer to optimize transfers data throughput,synchronization,between and peer-to-peer instruments separation transfers in separate between of instrument chassis. instruments types in toseparate optimize chassis. data throughput, and peer-to-peer transfers between instruments in separate chassis. The most commonThe most method common of forming method a multichassis of forming asystem multichassis is through system daisy chaining. is through A daisy-chain daisy chaining. topology A consistsdaisy-chain of one or more slave (downstream)Thetopology most chassis cconsistsommon connected ofmethod one or in of moreseries forming slaveto a amaster multichassis(downstream) (upstream) system chassis chassis is thatconnectedthrough is controlled daisy in series chaining. through to a APCmaster daisy or PXI -(upstream)chain embedded controller.topology chassisWhen using consiststhat a daisy-chainis controlled of one topology, or through more eachslave a PC slave (downstream) or chassisPXI embedded is visible chassis tocontroller. and connected controllable When in byseriesusing the host ato daisy a machine. master-chain (upstream) topology, chassiseach slave that chassisis controlled is visible through to and a PC controllable or PXI embedded by the host controller. machine. When using a daisy-chain topology, each slave chassis is visible to and controllable by the host machine.
FIG A PXIe-8364 host interface module is placed in a peripheral slot of the master chassis containing an embedded controller. An Figureadditional 12. A chassis PXIe-8364 is daisy host chained interface by connecting module is the placed PXIe-8364 in a peripheral to a PXIe-8360 slot ofin thethe system master controller chassis slotcontaining of the slave an embeddedchassis. 12 Additional modules may be used to daisy chain up to eight chassis. controller.Figure 12 An. A additional PXIe-8364 chassis host interface is daisy modulechained isby placed connecting in a peripheral the PXIe-8364 slot of to the a PXIe-8360master chassis in the containing system controller an embedded slot of the controller. An additional chassisslave chassis. is daisy Additional chained bymodules connecting may thebe usedPXIe-8364 to daisy to chaina PXIe-8360 up to eight in the chassis. system controller slot of the slave chassis. Additional modules may be used to daisy chain up to eight chassis. While the aboveWhile solutionthe above requires solution an additional requires anmodule additional in a peripheral module slotin a forperipheral daisy chaining, slot for some daisy PXI chaining, Remote Controlsome PXI Modules WhilecontainRemote the built-in Controlabove daisy-chaining solution Modules requires contain capability anbuilt additional through-in daisy the -modulchaining inclusione in capability ofa peripheraltwo ports—one through slot forforthe daisyan inclusion upstream chaining, of connection two s omeports PXI –and one one for a Remotedownstreamfor an upstream Control connection. M connectionodules contain and onebuilt -forin daisya downstream-chaining capabilityconnection. through the inclusion of two ports – one for an upstream connection and one for a downstream connection.
A desktop PC with a PCIe-8375 is connected to a master PXI Express chassis through a PXIe-8375 remote control module. The FIGFigure 13. A desktop PC with a PCIe-8375 is connected to a master PXI Express chassis through a PXIe-8375 remote control module.PXIe-8375 The PXIe-8375 features an features additional an port additional for daisy portchaining, for daisy requiring chaining, only an requiring additional only PXIe-8375 an additional in the slave PXIe-8375 chassis. Thein the last slave chassis. 13Figuredownstream 13. A desktop chassis PC in this with system a PCIe-8375 will have anis connectedunused port. to a master PXI Express chassis through a PXIe-8375 remote control module. The PXIe-8375 featuresThe an lastadditional downstream port for chassis daisy chaining, in this system requiring will haveonly anan additionalunused port. PXIe-8375 in the slave chassis. The last downstream chassis in this system will have an unused port. Some host interface cards contain two downstream ports allowing for a star topology. Rather than Some hostSomeconnecting interface host cards interface two contain slave cards chassistwo downstreamcontain in series two ports,downstream (daisy allowing chain) forports, the a star allowingstar topology. topology for Rather a connectsstar thantopology. connecting two slaveRather two chassis than slave chassisin in series (daisy chain),connectingparallel, the star allowing topology two slave each connects chassis chassis two in slavetoseries communicate chassis (daisy in chain) parallel, directly, the allowing tostar the eachtopology host chassis rather connects to than communicate through two slave an directly chassisintermediary to thein host rather than throughparallel,chassis. an intermediary allowing each chassis. chassis to communicate directly to the host rather than through an intermediary chassis.
ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi ni.com/pxi 09 AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
FIG The PCIe-8362 host interface card contains two MXI-Express connections, allowing two PXI Express chassis to be controlled through a desktop PCFigure using a14 star. The topology. PCIe-8362 host interface card contains two MXI-Express connections, allowing two 14 PXI Express chassis to be controlled through a desktop PC using a star topology. Peripheral Modules It is important to understand that the PXI platform can offer Peripheral Modules this space savings not by lowering performance but by NI offers more than 600 different PXI modules. Because PXI is modularizing the system. Every traditional boxed instrument an open industryNI offers standard, more than nearly 600 1,500 different products PXI are modules. available Because requiresPXI is an a separate open industry processing standard, circuitry nearly system, 1,500 display, and from moreproducts than 70 differentare availableFigure instrument 14. Thefrom PCIe-8362PCIe vendors.more-8362 than host In addition, 70interface different card containsinstrumentphysical two MXI-ExpressMXI vendors. interface.-Express In connections, For addition, PXI-based allowingsince instrumentation PXI two is directly systems, since PXIcompatible is directly compatible with CompactPCI, withPXI ExpressCompactPCI, you chassis can you to use be can controlled any use 3U throughCompactPCIthese a desktop functions module PC using are in a designated astarstar PXI topology. system to specific as well. components shared any 3U CompactPCI module in a PXI system as well. among multiple instruments. A PXI embedded controller acts like a central processing and control hub for all the different A commonPeripheral misconception regarding Modules the small PXI footprint instruments in the PXI chassis. It also provides a human interface is that this space savings comes at the cost of performance. through its connectivity to external peripherals such as a video NI offers more than 600 different PXI modules. Because PXI is an open industry standard, nearly 1,500 monitor, keyboard, and mouse. products are available from more than 70 different instrument vendors. In addition, since PXI is directly compatible with CompactPCI, you can use any 3U CompactPCI module in a PXI system as well.
Figure 15. NI offers over 600 different PXI modules.
A common misconception regarding the small PXI footprint is that this space savings comes at the cost of performance. It is important to understand that the PXI platform can offer this space savings not by lowering performance but by modularizing the system. Every traditional boxed instrument requires a separate processing circuitry system, display, and physical interface. For PXI-based instrumentation
systems,FIG these functions are designated to specific components shared among multiple instruments. A PXI emNIbedded offers over controller 600 different acts PXI modules. likeFigure a central 15. NI offersprocessing over 600 and different control PXI modules.moduleshub for. all the different instruments in 15 the PXI chassis. It also provides a human interface through its connectivity to external peripherals such asA common a video monitor,misconception keyboard, regarding and mouse. the small Software PXI footprint running is on that the this embedded space savings controller comes interacts at the with cost the of performance. It is important to understand that the PXI platform can offer this space savings not by lowering performance but by modularizing the system.system. Every traditional boxed instrument requiresni.com/pxi a separateni.com/pxi processing circuitry system, display, and physical interface. For PXI-based instrumentation 10 systems, these functions are designated to specific components shared among multiple instruments. A PXI embedded controller acts like a central processing and control hub for all the different instruments in the PXI chassis. It also provides a human interface through its connectivity to external peripherals such as a video monitor, keyboard, and mouse. SoftwareSoftware running on the embedded controller interacts with the
ni.com/pxi AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Software running on the embedded controller interacts with test management software such as TestStand. Test with the different PXI instruments to define the actual management software includes not only a test executive, functionality of the test system. With these standard but also a fully featured test architecture that provides you functions designated to an embedded controller that offers the flexibility to customize behavior to meet specific needs state-of-the-artdifferent performance, PXI instruments PXI instruments to define the need actual to functionalitylike of sequencing,the test system. branching/looping, With these standard report generation, and contain onlyfunctions the actual designated instrumentation to an embedded circuitry, which controller that offersdatabase state-of integration.-the-art performance, Test management PXI instru softwarements along providesneed effective to contain performance only the in aactual small footprint.instrumentation circuitry, withwhich PXI provides modular instrumentationeffective performance provides in an a integrated small footprint. solution that can both simplify test development and reduce maintenance for long-term success. Software As an alternative to Windows-based systems, you can use a The development and operation of a Windows-based PXI or Software real-time software architecture for time-critical applications PXI Express system is no different from that of a standard The development and operation of a Windows-based PXIrequiring or PXI deterministicExpress system loop ratesis no anddifferent headless from operation that Windows-based PC. Therefore, you do not have to rewrite of a standard Windows-based PC. Therefore, you do not(no have keyboard, to rewrite mouse, existing or monitor). application Real-time software OSs help or you existing application software or learn new programming learn new programming techniques when moving betweenprioritize PC- and tasks PXI so- thatbased the systems. most critical Using task PXIalways, you takes techniques when moving between PC- and PXI-based systems. can reduce your development time and quickly automatecontrol your instruments of the processor, by using reducing G in jitter. LabVIEW, You can ansimplify the Using PXI, you can reduce your development time and quickly intuitive graphical programming language that is the industrydevelopment standard of real-timefor test, orsystems NI LabWindows™/CVI by using real-time versions automate your instruments by using G in LabVIEW, an intuitive for C development. You can also use other programmingof languages industry-standard such as development those that areenvironments part of Visual such as graphical programming language that is the industry standard Studio .NET, Visual Basic, Python, and C/C++. In addition,the PXILabVIEW controllers Real-Time can and run LabWindows/CVI applications developed Real-Time for test, or NI LabWindows™/CVI for C development. You can with test management software such as TestStand. Testmodules. management Engineers software building includes dynamic not or hardware-in-the-only a test also use other programming languages such as those that are executive, but also a fully featured test architecture that providesloop PXI test you systems the flexibility can use to real-time customize testing behavior software part of Visual Studio .NET, Visual Basic, Python, and C/C++. to meet specific needs like sequencing, branching/looping,such report as VeriStand generation, to further and databasereduce development integration. time. In addition,Test PXI management controllers can software run applications along with developed PXI modular instrumentation provides an integrated solution that can both simplify test development and reduce maintenance for long-term success.
FIG Figure 16TestStand. TestStand manages manages a PXI asystem’s PXI system’s test code test regardless code regardless of the programming of the programming language used. language used. 16 As an alternative to Windows-based systems, you can use a real-time software architecture for time- critical applications requiring deterministic loop rates and headless operation (no keyboard, mouse, or monitor). Real-time OSs help you prioritize tasks so that the most critical task always takes control of the processor, reducing jitter. You can simplify the development of real-time systems by using real-time versions of industry-standard development environments such as the LabVIEW Real-Time and LabWindows/CVI Real-Time modules. Engineers building dynamic or hardware-in-the-loop PXI test systems can use real-time testing software such as VeriStand to further reduce development time.
ni.com/pxi 11
ni.com/pxi AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Proven Customer Success The redefined instrumentation approach provided by NI uses open software and modular hardware with key elements (multicore CPUs, user-programmable FPGAs, PCI Express, data converters, and LabVIEW system design software) to address the most demanding challenges. As instrumentation evolves to meet newer standards, more complex protocols, and higher bandwidths, these tools form the foundation of a test approach that can stand the test of time. Here are some examples of companies from various industries that redefined their test system by making the switch from box instruments to a software-defined approach with PXI. They realized increased software development productivity, faster test execution and throughput, lowered capital expenses, and increased scalability, which dramatically reduced their total cost of test.
Analog Devices Reduces MEMS Test Costs The PXI platform provided a high level of flexibility and modularity to develop a targeted MEMS test system that was with PXI and LabVIEW reconfigurable for various test needs. For multisite testing, As a leading microelectromechanical (MEMS) systems innovator ADI could duplicate test resources by plugging in additional and a pioneer in micromachine technology, Analog Devices modules without changing any of their software, allowing Inc. (ADI) faced several challenges for the MEMS production them to scale their test equipment as needed based on test process. They needed an automated test equipment (ATE) throughput demands. The added flexibility and ease of use system that met the demands of their product test plan with the for test development also led to the teams using the same lowest possible cost while ensuring product quality. For their system in other phases outside of production, including needs, their traditional “big iron” ATE solution was far too costly, design, characterization, and metrology. This helped ADI too highly featured, and physically too large to efficiently meet reduce their time to market and increase product quality their requirements of a dedicated MEMS tester. ADI needed a while dramatically reducing their total cost of MEMS testing. test platform that was flexible enough to accommodate custom MEMS test requirements while not sacrificing instrumentation speed or performance.
Using PXI and LabVIEW, we were able to test our MEMS devices at a fraction of the cost, weight, power consumption, and footprint of our previous ATE system.
Woody Beckford Analog Devices Inc.
PXI TESTER REDUCTION PREVIOUS ATE
COST $40k USD 11X $450k+ USD
FOOTPRINT 18 by 24 by 7 in. 15X 98 by 66 by 74 in.
WEIGHT 60 lbs. 66X 4,000 lbs.
FACILITY 600 W 16X 10 KW
TBL The new system offered a dramatic reduction in capital equipment expenditures, footprint, weight, and power requirements for MEMS production test using 1 PXI and LabVIEW.
ni.com/pxi 12 AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM
Qualcomm Atheros Improves WLAN Test Speed by 200X For more than two decades, Qualcomm Atheros has been a leader of next-generation wireless technologies for networking, consumer electronics, computing, and mobile device communications. As wireless standards become more complex, the number of operational modes for these devices increases exponentially, which can make the characterization of WLAN transceivers especially challenging. Multiple gain settings at each gain stage of a transceiver drive a geometric increase in the number of possible setting combinations, resulting in hundreds of thousands of data points for a single operational mode. The number of permutations continues to increase for multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) configurations in which the system uses multiple antennas, which poses a significant challenge in preventing test times from increasing as well.
UsingQualcomm the software-designed Atheros Improves WLAN Test Speed by NI 200X PXI Vector Signal For more than two decades, Qualcomm Atheros has been a leader of next-generation wireless technologies for networking, consumer electronics, computing, and mobile device communications. As Transceiverwireless standards and become m theore complex, NI the WLANnumber of operational Measurement modes for these devices increases Suite, exponentially, which can make the characterization of WLAN transceivers especially challenging. Multiple gain settings at each gain stage of a transceiver drive a geometric increase in the number of possible we improvedsetting combinations, testresulting inspeeds hundreds of thousands by ofmore data points for than a single operational 200 mode. times The number of permutations continues to increase for multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) configurations in which the system uses multiple antennas, which poses a significant challenge in preventing test times comparedfrom increasing to as well.traditional rack-and-stack instruments while"Using significantly the software-designed NimprovingI PXI Vector Signal T ransceivtester coverage.and the NI WLAN Measurement Suite, we improved test speeds by more than 200 times compared to traditional rack-and-stack instruments while significantly improving test coverage." Doug Johnson Qualcomm Atheros - Doug Johnson, Qualcomm Atheros
To tackle these test time challenges, Qualcomm used the PXIe-5644R vector signal transceiver (VST) to program the FPGA on the To tackle these test time challenges, Qualcomm used the PXIe-5644R vector signal transceiver (VST) to VST for device-under-testprogram controlthe FPGA and on data the VSTprocessing. for device The-under processing-test control can andtake data place processing. within the The instrument processing itself can rather than requiring transfers back andtake forth place over within the bus the to instrument the controller. itself ratherAfter switchingthan requiring to the transfers PXI VST, back they and could forth perform over the full bus gain to the table sweeps instead of using the iterative estimationcontroller. After approach switching they to had the toPXI use VST, with they traditional could perform rack-and-stack full gain table measurements. sweeps instead The of team using could the then characterize the entire range of iterativeradio operation estimation in oneapproach test sweep they had per to device use with to acquiretraditional all rack 300,000-and-stack data me pointsasurements. for better The determination team of the optimal could then characterize the entire range of radio operation in one test sweep per device to acquire all operational settings300,000 empirically. data points By synchronizing for better determination the timing ofof digitalthe optimal control operational directly with settings the RFempirically. front end By of the instrument, Qualcomm saw test times improvesynchronizing by more thethan timing 20X overof digita theirl control previous directly PXI solutionwith the RFand front up to end 200X of the over instrument, the original Qualcomm solution sawthat used traditional instruments. The VSTtest timesprovided improve freedom by more and than flexibility 20X over for developing their previous wireless PXI solution solutions and for up theirto 200X customers, over the andoriginal it significantly improved their test throughput.solution that used traditional instruments. The VST provided freedom and flexibility for developing wireless solutions for their customers, and it significantly improved their test throughput.
FIG By synchronizing the timing of digital control directly with the RF front end of the instrument, Qualcomm improved Figuretest times 18. Byby synchronizing20X over their the previous timing of PXI digital solution control and directly up to 200Xwith the over RF traditionalfront end of instruments. the instrument, Qualcomm 18 improved test times by 20X over their previous PXI solution and up to 200X over traditional instruments ni.com/pxi 13
ni.com/pxi Boeing Measures Reduced Aircraft Noise Emissions with PXI and LabVIEW As part of the Quiet Technology Demonstrator 2 (QTD2) project, Boeing flight tested new technologies intended to reduce noise generated by its aircraft. Measuring the improvement these technologies provide required a flexible, accurate, and scalable test system to perform phased array acoustic imaging during the tests. They needed a distributed system architecture with the ability to expand to up to 1,000 channels or more while still maintaining tight timing and synchronization between channels. They used an array of microphones to acquire noise data, which was then processed into noise-level maps showing from where and at what frequencies the noise was generated and how loud it was. Using NI tools, they could then validate several advanced noise-reduction concepts, including chevrons on the engine exhaust ducts, new acoustic treatment for the engine inlet, and aerodynamic fairings for the main landing gear.
"Using NI software and hardware, we were able to create a high-end, low-cost system that could distribute the acquisition system across multiple chassis, tightly synchronize all channels, provide high channel count with full bandwidth on all channels simultaneously, and allow virtually unlimited channel-count expansion." - James Underbrink, Boeing Aero/Noise/Propulsion Laboratory
In the first stage of their project, Boeing had deployed a test system that introduced challenges including time delays when synchronizing multiple instruments, significant cost per channel, and significant time required for data retrieval. Using the flexibility and modularity of PXI, they were able to create a scalable system with virtually unlimited channel-count capability. In addition, by taking advantage AN OVERVIEW OF THE PXI PLATFORM of NI timing and synchronization cards, they could distribute the DAQ hardware into the microphone array, decreasing cabling by nearly 80 percent while maintaining within one degree of phase match between channels. With increased performance from NI dynamic signal acquisition modules and an unlimited, distributed architecture, Boeing cut the cost of microphone systems by 30:1 for flyover test applications. Boeing Measures Reduced Aircraft Noise Emissions with PXI and LabVIEW As part of the Quiet Technology Demonstrator 2 (QTD2) project, Boeing flight tested new technologies intended to reduce noise generated by its aircraft. Measuring the improvement these technologies provide required a flexible, accurate, and scalable test system to perform phased array acoustic imaging during the tests. They needed a distributed system architecture with the ability to expand to up to 1,000 channels or more while still maintaining tight timing and synchronization between channels. They used an array of microphones to acquire noise data, which was then processed into noise-level maps showing from where and at what frequencies the noise was generated and how loud it was. Using NI tools, they could then validate several advanced noise-reduction concepts, including chevrons on the engine By using a PXI architecture configured for mass synchronization exhaust ducts, new acoustic treatment for the engine inlet, and FIG across multiple chassis, Boeing synchronized more than 600 aerodynamic fairings for the main landing gear.Figure 19. By using a PXI architecture19 ground-based configured microphones for mass for synchronizationdata acquisition while across reducing multiple chassis, Boeing synchronized more than 600 ground-basedcabling microphones and cost per forchannel. data acquisition while reducing cabling and cost per channel.
In the first stage of their project, Boeing had deployed a test system that introduced challenges including©2018 time National delays Instruments. All rights reserved. LabVIEW, National Instruments, NI, NI TestStand, and ni.com are trademarks of when synchronizing multiple instruments,National significant Instruments. cost per Other productmicrophone and company array, names decreasing listed cablingare trademarks by nearly or 80trade percent names of their respective companies. The mark LabWindows is used under a license from Microsoft Corporation. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation channel, and significant time required for data retrieval. Using while maintaining within one degree of phase match between in the United States and other countries.channels. The With contents increased of this performance Site could contain from NI technical dynamic inaccuracies, signal typographical errors or out- the flexibility and modularity of PXI, they wereof-date able information. to create Informationa may be updated or changed at any time, without notice. Visit ni.com/manuals for the latest scalable system with virtually unlimited channel-countinformation. capability. acquisition modules and an unlimited, distributed architecture, In addition, by taking advantage of NI timing and synchronization Boeing cut the cost of microphone systems by 30:1 for flyover cards, they could distribute the DAQ hardware14 August into 2018 the test applications.
ni.com/pxi Using NI software and hardware, we were able to create a high-end, low-cost system that could distribute the acquisition system across multiple chassis, tightly synchronize all channels, provide high channel count with full bandwidth on all channels simultaneously, and allow virtually unlimited channel-count expansion.
James Underbrink Product Line Manager, ON Semiconductor
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