Hand & Finger Strength Info E

Occupational Therapy – Kids health information

Hand and finger strength Sheet E

Definition

Muscle strength of the hands and fingers increases ◗ Encourage as many strengthening activities through- as children grow and participate in everyday activities. out the day. Any activity that involves gripping against Activities such as climbing, playing with toys or scribbling resistance will increase hand strength when used over with crayons all help to develop and strengthen the time. For example, playing with playdough, or build- muscles of the hands and fingers. ing with duplo or lego. As your child’s hand strength Hand and finger strength is important as it is required for improves, increase the amount of resistance in the many everyday activities such as doing up buttons and activity. For example, encourage your child to squeeze zips, climbing monkey bars or cutting up a piece of steak a soft ball 10 times. As strength increases encourage at mealtimes. It also helps to develop the endurance to her to squeeze a firmer ball. complete activities such as writing a full page. Grip strength refers to whole hand strength. Pinch strength involves the thumb and index finger (and the middle finger if required).

Helpful strategies

◗ Encourage your child to do everyday activities by herself and only assist if necessary.

◗ The number of times or repetitions that your child does an activity can be increased as hand strength improves. For example, once your child can comfort- ably squeeze a ball 10 times then encourage her to squeeze it 20 times.

Please talk to your occupational therapist if you have ◗ Encourage your child to do fine motor activities as any queries about the above information. much as possible. For example, drawing, craft activities, playing with playdough, building with blocks. ◗ Encourage your child to draw and to do activities on a vertical surface. This helps develop and strengthen your child’s arms, hands and fingers. For example, encourage your child to draw on a blackboard, colour in at an easel or put stickers on a piece of paper taped to a wall.

Activity ideas for grip strength Sheet E1

Fine-motor activities

◗ Play with playdough, biscuit dough or exercise putty – knead, squeeze, roll, cut out using cutters, squeeze playdough through a garlic crusher. ◗ Make as many playdough sausages as you can in one minute. Then cut up the sausages with scissors or a plastic knife. ◗ Make a bird’s nest by pinching the playdough between the thumb and fingers, then make eggs for the nest by rolling the playdough into balls. ◗ Pop beads, duplo or construction sets can be pulled apart and pushed together. ◗ Squeeze soft balls (or squeeze toys) – squeeze 10 times or as many times as you can in one minute to make it fun. Progress to using firmer rubber balls as strength increases. ◗ Newspaper scrunch – scrunch up sheets of newspaper into balls. Once a few balls have been made throw them into a bin or at a target. ◗ Tong relay – pick up small toys or objects with a pair of tongs and run and place them in a container. Time your child and see if he can do it quicker next time. ◗ Hammering activities. ◗ Hold and use a stapler for art and craft projects such as making paper chains or a book. Use thicker paper or cardboard to increase the strength demands. ◗ Take lids on and off jars that are filled with fun objects such as stickers, stars, small plastic animals or bugs. ◗ Sharpen a packet of colouring pencils.

Please talk to your occupational therapist if you have any queries about the above activity ideas.

Activity ideas for grip strength Sheet E2

Everyday activities

◗ During bath-time squeeze water out of a face washer, or play with water toys that require squeezing. ◗ Squeeze out a sponge before wiping down the kitchen table or bench. ◗ Use a spray bottle to water plants. ◗ Get dressed and undressed by yourself. ◗ Carry shopping bags. ◗ Cooking – mixing, sifting, kneading or use a rolling pin or cutters. ◗ Peel and cut up fruit or vegetables. Start with easier to cut foods such as bananas or cucumbers and build up to harder foods such as carrots or potatoes. ◗ Grate cheese or carrots. ◗ Make toast or sandwiches – open jars of vegemite, peanut butter or jam and use a knife for spreading and cutting. ◗ Use a knife and fork to cut up food at mealtimes. Start with easier to cut foods such as potatoes or sausages and gradually build up to harder foods such as a steak. ◗ Squeeze juice from an orange or lemon. ◗ Pour milk, water or cordial from a container to a cup.

Please talk to your occupational therapist if you have any queries about the above activity ideas.

Activity ideas for grip strength Sheet E3

Gross-motor and outdoor activities

◗ Play tug of war using a dressing gown cord or twist a towel to make a rope. (This activity requires supervision). ◗ Carry toolboxes, handbags or buckets with water or sand. ◗ Climb monkey bars, ladders or hang on a trapeze swing. ◗ Play in a sandpit or garden using spades, rakes and other digging tools. ◗ Squeeze out a sponge to help wash the car, cubby house or outdoor toys such as balls, bats and bikes. ◗ Woodwork activities – hammering, sawing, sanding. ◗ Ride a bike or scooter. ◗ Cricket, tennis and other bat and ball games. ◗ Stand opposite your child and place the palms of your hands against your child’s hands. Try pushing each other over. ◗ Fly a kite on a windy day.

Please talk to your occupational therapist if you have any queries about the above activity ideas.

Activity ideas for pinch strength Sheet E4

Fine-motor activities

Encourage your child to do these activities with her ◗ Use sticky tape for art and craft projects. thumb and index finger (and middle finger if required). ◗ Knit using needles or a knitting nancy. ◗ Tear up coloured paper for pasting, paper-mache or ◗ Threading activities such as beads or lacing cards. collage activities. ◗ Make friendship bands using colourful cotton ◗ Make ten small balls from playdough or Blu-Tack and or thread. then squash the balls between your thumb and index ◗ Play with wind-up toys. finger. (Pretend the playdough is a bug or egg.) ◗ Deal out the cards when playing card games such Repeat with the thumb and middle finger, and then as Uno, Fish, Snap or Solitare. with the thumb, index and middle fingers all together. ◗ Tie up a balloon. ◗ Art activities that require colouring or scribbling with crayons or pencils for long periods. For example, trace around your child’s body on a large piece of paper and get her to draw and colour in all her features and clothing.

◗ Squeeze clothes pegs to remove them from the rim of a peg basket (or ice-cream container). Hang out doll’s clothes or dress ups on a clotheshorse. ◗ Scribble or colour over coins, templates or other ◗ Duplo, lego and other construction toys. textured surfaces. ◗ Undo and do up nuts and bolts. ◗ Squirt a water pistol at a target. Please talk to your occupational therapist if you have ◗ Use tweezers to pick up small beads, smarties or toys any queries about the above activity ideas. and put them into a container. ◗ Use an eye-dropper and food colouring to change or mix colours. ◗ Use stamps and ink pads. ◗ Draw with chalk on a blackboard or on concrete. ◗ Peel off and stick stickers.

Activity ideas for pinch strength Sheet E5

Everyday activities

Encourage your child to do these activities with his thumb and index finger (and middle finger if required). ◗ Do up buttons on pyjamas and clothing. ◗ Do up zips on pencil cases, bags or clothes. ◗ Squeeze toothpaste onto a toothbrush. ◗ Peel an orange or mandarin. ◗ Open up pop-top drink bottles and lunch boxes. ◗ Open yoghurt containers, biscuit, chip or lolly packets. ◗ Open a can of tinned fruit or vegetables with a can opener. ◗ Use an eye-dropper to transfer cordial into a glass of water. ◗ Writing is a good strengthening activity, however, get your child to stop when his hand is tired. Gradually build up the length of time he writes. School home- work can be a good time for practicing writing. Write birthday cards, shopping lists, lists of favourite movies or sportspeople, or make a football ladder.

Please talk to your occupational therapist if you have any queries about the above activity ideas.