Voprosy Obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow No 2, 2019
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National Research University Higher School of Economics Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow No 2, 2019 established in 2004, is an academic journal published quarterly by the Higher School of Economics (HSE) ISSN 1814-9545 (Print) ISSN 2412-4354 (Online) The mission of the journal is to provide a medium for professional discus- sion on a wide range of educational issues. The journal publishes original research and perceptive essays from Russian and foreign experts on edu- cation, development and policy. “Educational Studies Moscow” strives for a multidisciplinary approach, covering traditional pedagogy as well as the sociology, economics and philosophy of education. Conceptually, the journal consists of several parts: • Theoretical materials and empirical research aimed at developing new approaches to understanding the functioning and development of edu- cation in modern society • Papers on current projects, practical developments and policy debates in the field of education, written for professionals and the wider public • Statistical data and case studies published as “information for reflection” with minimal accompanying text • Information about and analysis of the latest pedagogical projects • Reviews of articles published in international journals Target audience: Leading Russian universities, government bodies responsi- ble for education, councils from federal and regional legislatures, institutions engaged in education research, public organizations and foundations with an interest in education. All papers submitted for publication in the “Educational Studies Moscow” journal undergo peer review. Distributed by subscription and direct order Subscription Index: “Rospechat” Agency—82950 “Pressa Rossii” Agency—15163 Address National Research University Higher School of Economics 20 Myasnitskaya St., Moscow, Russia 101000 Tel: +7 (495) 772 95 90 *22 037, *22 038 E-mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://vo.hse.ru/en/ National Research University Higher School of Economics Educational Studies Moscow Yaroslav Kuzminov Editor-in-Chief, Rector, HSE, Russian Federation Editorial Council Mark Agranovich, Federal Institute of Education Development, Russian Federation Alexander Asmolov, Moscow University, Russian Federation Michael Barber, Pearson Affordable Learning Fund, Great Britain David Berliner, Arizona State University, United States Vladimir Briller, Pratt Institute, United States Martin Carnoy, Stanford University, United States John Douglass, University of California in Berkely, United States Vladimir Filippov, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia Sergey Filonovich, Graduate School of Management, HSE, Russian Federation Alma Harris, University of Malaya, Malaysia Josh Hawley, Ohio State University, United States Manuel Heitor, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal Steve Kerr, University of Washington in Seattle, United States David Konstantinovsky, Institute of Sociology RAS, Russian Federation Vitaly Kurennoy, HSE, Russian Federation Oleg Lebedev, Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences, Russian Federation Prashant Loyalka, Stanford University, United States Lev Lubimov, HSE, Russian Federation Simon Marginson, Institute of Education, University of London, Great Britain Igor Remorenko, Moscow City Teachers’ Training University, Russian Federation Alexey Semenov, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Russian Federation Jussi Välimaa, University of Jyväskylä, Finland Pavel Zgaga, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Editorial Board Isak Froumin, Deputy Editor-in-Chief, HSE, Russian Federation Elena Penskaya, Deputy Editor-in-Chief, HSE, Russian Federation Irina Abankina, HSE, Russian Federation Viktor Bolotov, The Eurasian Association on Educational, Russian Federation Andrey Podolsky, MSU, Russian Federation Alexander Sidorkin, College of Education, CSU Sacramento, USA Alla Tryapicina, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia Maria Yudkevich, HSE, Russian Federation Editorial Staff Executive Editor Y. Belavina Literary Editor T. Gudkova Proof Reader E. Andreeva Pre-Press S. Zinoviev http://vo.hse.ru/en/ Table of contents No 2, 2019 THEORETICAL AND APPLIED RESEARCH Hans de Wit Evolving Concepts, Trends, and Challenges in the Interna- tionalization of Higher Education in the World . 8 Mikhail Sokolov Transformative and Selective Systems: A Study in Compara- tive Sociology of Academic Markets Careers . 35 Maria Novikova, Arthur Rean Influence of School Climate on Bullying Prevalence: Russian and International Research Experience . 78 Elena Varshavskaya, Elena Kotyrlo Graduates in Engineering and Economics: Between Demand and Supply . 98 Pavel Zhdanov, Irina Trostyanskaya, Andrey Barsukov, Nadezhda Polikhina The Modern Rector: Competencies Required in the Global Academic Marketplace . .129 PRACTICE Aleksander Veraksa, Margarita Gavrilova, Daria Bukhalenkova Association between the Quality of Teacher-Child Interac- tion and Language Development . .159 Mikhail Vandyshev To Include or Not to Include? Immigrant Children Education as Perceived by the Teaching Community in Sverdlovsk Region . 179 http://vo.hse.ru/en/ Olga Boytsova, Dmitry Nosov, Valeriya Torop The Justice of Inequality, or Who Wins the Social Theory Olympiad and How . 199 EDUCATION STATISTICS AND SOCIOLOGY Lyubov Dukhanina, Aleksandr Maksimenko Enlightenment Demands of Russians . 226 Kseniya Pavlenko, Katerina Polivanova, Alexandra Bochaver, Elizaveta Sivak Extracurricular Activities of School Students: Functions, Parental Strategies, and Expected Outcomes . 241 HISTORY OF EDUCATION Lidia Okolskaya Liberal and Conservative Trends in Post-Soviet Social Poli- cies for Children . 262 BOOK REVIEWS AND SURVEY ARTICLES Kseniya Belik Raising a Professor, or How Higher School Teachers Were Trained in the Russian Empire Review of the book: Ivanov A. Uchenoe dostoinstvo Rossi- yskoy imperii. XVIII — nachalo XX veka. Podgotovka i nauchnaya attestatsiya professorov i prepodavateley vyss- hey shkoly [Scientific Dignity in the Russian Empire. 18th to Early 20th Century. Training and Qualifying Professors and Higher School Teachers]. 294 http://vo.hse.ru/en/ Evolving Concepts, Trends, and Challenges in the Internationalization of Higher Education in the World Hans de Wit Received in Hans de Wit tion that are impacted by and impact this October 2018 PhD, Director of the Center for Inter- phenomenon? How do we understand national Higher Education (CIHE) and its evolution as a concept? What nation- Professor of the Practice at the Lynch al policies are developed to enhance the School of Education at Boston Col- international competitiveness of higher lege. Address: 140 Commonwealth Ave, education? What are the implications for Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467. institutional strategies for international- E-mail: [email protected] ization? It concludes with some lessons and recommendations for Russian high- Abstract. Internationalization as a con- er education to learn from these trends cept and strategic agenda is a relatively and issues concerning internationaliza- new but broad and varied phenomenon, tion in higher education. driven by a dynamic combination of po- Keywords: internationalization, histori- litical, economic, socio-cultural and aca- cal dimensions, international higher ed- demic rationales and stakeholders. This ucation, internationalization concepts, article addresses the following points: national policies, institutional strategies, What are the historical dimensions of Russian higher education internationalization? What are the key factors in international higher educa- DOI: 10.17323/1814-9545-2019-2-8-34 Internationalization as a concept and strategic agenda is a relatively new but broad and varied phenomenon, driven by a dynamic combi- nation of political, economic, socio-cultural and academic rationales and stakeholders. Its impact on regions, countries and institutions var- ies according to their particular contexts. This implies that there is no single model for internationalization that fits all. What are the histori- cal dimensions of internationalization? What are the key factors in in- ternational higher education that are impacted by and impact this phe- nomenon? How do we understand its evolution as a concept? What national policies are developed to enhance the international compet- itiveness of higher education? What are the implications for institu- tional strategies for internationalization? And what lessons can Rus- sian higher education learn from these trends and issues concerning internationalization in higher education? http://vo.hse.ru/en/ THEORETICAL AND APPLIED RESEARCH 1. Historical One can argue that higher education by its nature always has been Dimensions of international. Altbach [1998] refers to the university as an institution Internationa- that is global by nature and history. Kerr (1994) states that universi- lization1 ties are essentially international, but at the same time acknowledges that “they have been living, increasingly, in a world of nation-states that have designs on them.” (p. 6). As de Wit and Merkx [2012: 43] (see also [de Wit 2002: 3–18]) re- mark though, references to the global nature of universities ignore the fact that universities mostly originated in the 18th and 19th century and had a clearly national orientation. Neave [1997] and Scott [1998] also refer to the myth of the international university. The international orientation of universities has changed dramat- ically over the centuries and takes substantially different and more complex forms and approaches today. What now