Cross-border Public Services (CPS) Targeted Analysis Final Report Scientific Report – Annex IV Case study report – EuRegio Salzburg- Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein Version 16/11/2018 This targeted analysis is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinions of members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Stumm, Thomas (EureConsult) Advisory Group ESPON EGTC Nicolas, Rossignol Technical Support Schürmann, Carsten (TCP international) Acknowledgements Steffen Rubach, director of the EuRegio Salzburg-Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2018 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. Contact: [email protected] Cross-border Public Services (CPS) Final Report Scientific Report – Annex IV Case study report – EuRegio Salzburg- Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein Table of contents 1 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1 2 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 2 3 The case study region at a glance .................................................................................... 3 3.1 Context conditions for CPSP at the border of the EuRegio .............................................. 3 3.1.1 Key features of the EuRegio Salzburg-Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein .............. 3 3.1.2 Border-related effects with relevance for a development of CPS ............................. 5 3.2 Summary overview on CPS currently provided in the EuRegio ...................................... 10 4 CPS provided in the EuRegio .......................................................................................... 15 4.1 Cross-border public local passenger transport services ................................................. 15 4.1.1 Cross-border needs and opportunities motivating the setup of CPS ...................... 15 4.1.2 General and/or theme specific legal framework conditions for CPS ....................... 18 4.1.3 The production base for a provision of CPS ........................................................... 22 4.1.4 CPS tasks and intervention approaches to address cross-border needs ............... 26 4.1.5 Organisational structures and processes for delivering CPS ................................. 34 4.1.6 Conclusions, elements of good practice and outlook ............................................. 35 4.2 Cross-border wastewater treatment ................................................................................ 37 4.2.1 Cross-border needs and opportunities motivating the setup of CPS ...................... 37 4.2.2 General and/or theme specific legal framework conditions for CPS ....................... 40 4.2.3 The production base for a provision of CPS ........................................................... 41 4.2.4 CPS tasks and intervention approaches to address cross-border needs ............... 44 4.2.5 Organisational structures and processes for delivering CPS ................................. 45 4.2.6 Conclusions, elements of good practice and outlook ............................................. 47 4.3 Cross-border healthcare and emergency medical care services .................................... 48 4.3.1 Cross-border needs and opportunities motivating the setup of CPS ...................... 48 4.3.2 General and/or theme specific legal framework conditions for CPS ....................... 50 4.3.3 The production base for a provision of CPS ........................................................... 58 4.3.4 CPS tasks and intervention approaches to address cross-border needs ............... 63 4.3.5 Organisational structures and processes for delivering CPS ................................. 65 4.3.6 Conclusions, elements of good practice and outlook ............................................. 67 5 The future of CPS in the EuRegio ................................................................................... 69 5.1 Perspectives for cross-border wastewater treatment ...................................................... 69 5.1.1 CPS as a response to changing legal and political context conditions ................... 69 5.1.2 Necessary adaptations of local wastewater treatment plants ................................. 70 5.1.3 Disposal and re-use of municipal sewage sludge ................................................... 73 5.1.4 Micro-pollutants in effluents of wastewater treatment plants .................................. 77 5.1.5 Potential next steps in the EuRegio ........................................................................ 79 5.2 Perspectives for joint healthcare and emergency medical services ............................... 82 5.2.1 Possibilities for setting up new CPS and for improving existing CPS ..................... 82 5.2.2 Optimising the provision of cross-border healthcare services ................................ 82 5.2.3 Optimising the provision of cross-border emergency medical services .................. 84 5.2.4 Potential next steps in the EuRegio ........................................................................ 87 5.3 Assessment of future CPS development in general ........................................................ 87 6 Lessons learned, recommendations and transferability .................................................. 90 References .............................................................................................................................. 94 ESPON 2020 ii Literature and other documentary sources .............................................................................. 94 List of interviews .................................................................................................................... 103 Workshop participants ........................................................................................................... 103 List of Figures Figure 4–1 Network plan for the S-Bahn Salzburg (September 2017) ............................ 24 Figure 5–1 Nexus diagram - development path for optimising CPSP in the EuRegio and likely impact of improvements ................................................................. 89 List of Maps Map 3–1 Territorial delineation of the cross-border “core region Salzburg” within the EuRegio ..................................................................................................... 4 Map 3–2 Location of individual CPS along the border of the EuRegio ......................... 13 Map 3–3 Intensity of CPS along the border of the EuRegio ......................................... 14 Map 4–1 Itineraries of cross-border bus lines within the EuRegio ............................... 28 Map 4–2 Austrian wastewater treatment associations (RHV) along the EuRegio border ............................................................................................................. 39 Map 4–3 Availability of and access to different healthcare services in the EuRegio .... 49 Map 4–4 The “Small German Corner” (grey square) and the sourrounding border zone ............................................................................................................... 50 Map 5–1 Municipalities, Berchtesgadener Land ........................................................... 70 Map 5–2 Already existing and currently discussed CPS on wastewater treatment ..... 81 List of Tables Table 3–1 CPS existing in the EuRegio Salzburg-Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein .. 10 Table 4–1 Specific legal framework for cross-border public local transport in the EuRegio ......................................................................................................... 19 ESPON 2020 iii Abbreviations AEBR Association of European Border Regions CESCI Central European Service for Cross-Border Initiatives CJEU Court of Justice of the European Union CoR European Committee of the Regions CPS Cross-border public services CPSP Cross-border public service provision EC European Commission EEA European Economic Area EEC European Economic Community EFTA European Free Trade Association EGTC European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation ESPON European Territorial Observatory Network EU European Union EURES European Employment Services MOT Mission Opérationnelle Transfrontalière ESPON 2020 iv 1 Summary Like the other case studies of the ESPON 2020 Targeted Analysis project on “Cross-border Public Services”, the case study “EuRegio Salzburg-Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein” pursues three main objectives. (1) Inventorying existing cross-border public services (CPS) in the case study region and analysing in-depth the practical functioning of some CPS that are of particular interest for the concerned stakeholders. (2) Assessing potentials for a further