Die Ökumene Im Krieg Und Im Frieden Dissertation Zur Erlangung Des

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Die Ökumene Im Krieg Und Im Frieden Dissertation Zur Erlangung Des Die Ökumene im Krieg und im Frieden Der katholisch-orthodoxe Dialog in Kroatien bis 1995 mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der ökumenischen Bemühungen und Initiativen aus dem Ausland während des Krieges von 1991 bis 1995 Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Theologie Dissertationsgebiet Fachtheologie (kath.) eingereicht an der Universität Wien von MMag. Čekolj Željko unter Betreuung von Univ. Prof. Dr. Rudolf Prokschi Wien, April, 2008 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis 2-9 Vorwort 10-11 I.Teil: Kriegsgott oder doch ein Friedensfürst: Gewalt und Krieg im Christentum 1.Die Bedeutung des Krieges im Christentum 1.1.Einführung 12-14 1.2.Definition des Krieges 14 1.3.Heiliger Krieg und Gewalt im Alten Testament 15-17 1.4.Verständniszugänge 17-18 1.5.Gewalt und Krieg im Neuen Testament 1.5.1.Evangelien 19-20 1.5.2.Andere Schriften des Neuen Testaments 20-21 1.5.3. Verständniszugänge 21 1.6.Gewalt und Krieg durch die Kirchengeschichte 1.6.1.Konstantinische Wende 22-23 1.6.2.Die großen Kirchenväter 23-26 1.6.3.Das frühe Mittelalter 26-28 1.6.4. Die Päpste und ihre Einstellung zu den Kriegen 28-29 1.6.5.Kreuzüge:Ein sehr grausames Beispiel für die heiligen Kriege 29-33 1.6.6.Bernhard von Clairvaux und seine Rolle in den Kreuzzügen 33-34 1.6.7. Papst Innozenz III. und die Ketzer 35 1.6.8.Die Inquisition 35-36 1.6.9. Die Konzile und Corpus iuris canonici 37-38 1.6.10.Ein streng religiöser König 38-39 1.6.11. Franz von Assisi 39 1.6.12.Die Heiligen und der Krieg im Mittelalter 39-42 1.6.13.Die Hexenjagd 42-43 1.6.14.Hussitenkriege und Religionskrieg von 1618 bis 1648 43-44 1.6.15.Das 18. und 19. Jahrhundert 44-45 1.6.16.Die Zeit zwischen dem I. und II. Vatikanischen Konzil 45-47 3 1.6.17.Die Situation nach dem II. Vatikanischen Konzil 47-48 1.6.18.Die Orthodoxen 48-49 1.6.19.Ein heiliger Krieg in Kroatien zwischen 1991 bis 1995? 49-52 1.7.Zusammenfassung 52-55 1.8.Die Bedeutung des Friedens im Christentum 1.8.1.Einführung 55-56 1.8.2.Zum Begriff des Friedens im Alten Testament 57 1.8.3.Der Friede im Alten Testament 57-59 1.8.4.Die Bedeutung des Friedens im Neuen Testament 59-61 1.8.4.1.Zusammenfassung 61 1.8.5.Die Einstellung der Kirche zum Frieden in der Kirchengeschichte 1.8.5.1.Die Situation in den ersten drei Jahrhunderten 61-62 1.8.5.2.Das Friedensthema bei Augustinus 62-63 1.8.5.3. Der Friedensgedanke durch die weitere Kirchengeschichte 64-65 1.8.5.4.Der Friede in der Praxis der katholischen Kirche in neuester Zeit 65-68 1.8.6.Der Kardinal von Zagreb als Friedensbote im Kriegsgewirr!? 69-74 1.8.6.1.Die Kritik 74 1.9.Zusammenfassung 75-76 II. Teil: Die Mythen und die kroatisch-serbische Geschichte 2.1.Einführung 77 2.2.Mythos als Begriff 77-78 2.3.Einige kroatische Mythen 2.3.1.Ruhmreiche kroatische Geschichte 78-79 2.3.2.Der Staatsrechtsmythos 79-80 2.3.3.Die Weltmission und die ständige Bedrohung der kroatischen Nation 80-81 2.3.4.Der Bleiburgmythos 81-82 2.4.Die serbischen Mythen 2.4.1.Glorreiche serbische Geschichte und die Bedrohung des serbischen Volkes 82-84 2.4.2.Vidovdan- und Kosovomythos 84-86 4 2.4.3.Svetosavlje und Theodulliemythos 86-88 2.4.4.Opferrolle, Jasenovacmythos und Schutzrolle 89-91 2.5.Jugoslawische „gefärbte“ Mythen 2.5.1.Aufgesetzte jugoslawische Identität als Mythos 91-92 2.5.2.JVA-mythos als Garant des Jugoslawentums 92-93 2.6.Eine kurze Geschichte der Serben und Kroaten in Jugoslawien 2.6.1.Jugoslawien: ein Vielvölkerstaat 93-95 2.6.2.Vorgeschichte 94-96 2.6.3.Kroaten und Serben in Jugoslawien 95-100 2.6.4.Die Serbisch-orthodoxe Kirche und die katholische Kirche 101-103 2.6.5.Die Serbisch-orthodoxe und die katholische Kirche unter dem Kommunismus 103-105 2.7.Die größten politischen Konflikte zwischen Serben und Kroaten zwischen 1918 und 1991 2.7.1.Probleme und serbische Hegemonie im ersten Jugoslawien 105-106 2.7.2.Ermordung von Stjepan Radić 106-108 2.7.3.Attentat auf den König 109 2.7.4.Der Fall „NDH“ und Ustaše 109-111 2.7.5.Der „kroatische Frühling“ und der kroatische Separatismus 112-113 2.8.Streitigkeiten zwischen der katholischen Kirche Kroatiens und der Serbisch-orthodoxen Kirche 2.8.1.Die Serbisch-orthodoxe Kirche als Staatskirche 113-114 2.8.2.Die Konkordatsfrage 1937 114-115 2.8.3.Die Rolle der katholischen Kirche im NDH 115-118 2.8.4.Die mangelnde christliche Solidarität in der Kosovofrage 118-119 2.8.5.Die Unierten in Kroatien als Hindernis in der Ökumene mit den Orthodoxen 119-120 2.9.Unmitelbare Folgen für den Krieg von 1991 bis 1995 2.9.1.SANU und Kosovobesuche von Milošević 120-122 2.9.2.Antibürokratische Revolution 123-124 2.9.3.Franjo Tuđman und serbische Bevölkerung in Kroatien 124-125 5 2.9.4.Medienhetze 125-126 2.10.Zusammenfassung 126-128 III.Teil: Die geschichtliche Entwicklung der ökumenischen Idee in Kroatien 3.1.Juraj Križanić (1618-1683) und seine Mission in Moskau 129-133 3.2. Josip Juraj Strossmayer (1815-1905) und der Kampf für die slawische Solidarität 134-135 3.3.Strossmayer und sein Ökumenismus in den Rundbriefen und Predigten 135-142 3.3.1. Strossmayer, der Papstprimat und das Unfehlbarkeitsdogma 142-143 3.4.Strossmayers Methoden zur Verwirklichung der Kirchenunion 144-146 3.5.Die Analyse der ökumenischen Bemühungen von Strossmayer 147-149 3.6. „Die Idee von Cyrill und Methodius“ in Kroatien und der weitere Versuch der Annäherung an die Serbisch-orthodoxe Kirche 3.6.1.Vorgeschichte 149-152 3.6.2. „Die Idee von Cyrill und Methodius“ im 20. Jahrhundert 152-153 3.6.3. Bischöfe, Rom und das cyrillo-methodianische Apostolat 153-154 3.6.4. „Die Idee von Cyrill und Methodius“ und unierte Idee 154-155 3.6.7. Weitere Inhalte und Entwicklungen der „Idee von Cyrill und Methodius“ 155-156 3.6.7.1.Das geschichtliche Element: Leben und Werk von Cyrill und Methodius 156 3.6.7.2.Das ekklesiologische Element: die Vision der Kirchenunion 156-157 3.6.7.3. Das slawische Element: die Botschaft an die Slawen 158-159 3.6.7.4.Das dogmatische Element: die Auseinandersetzung mit der Orthodoxie 159-160 3.6.8.Das Ende einer Idee 160-161 3.6.9.Die Kritik der Serbisch-orthodoxen Kirche 161-163 3.7.Die Bewertung des Wirkens des heiligen Cyril und Methodius 164-166 3.8. Verständniszugänge 166 3.9.Die Entwicklung der Ökumene in der römisch-katholischen Kirche 167-169 6 3.10.Die Ökumene und das II. Vatikanum 169-171 3.11.Die Ökumene in den Dokumenten des II. Vatikanums 171-173 3.12.Die Ökumene in der römisch-katholischen Kirche nach dem II. Vatikanum 173-176 3.13.Die orthodoxe Ökumene 177 3.13.1. Orthodoxen und Katholiken im Gespräch 177-181 3.14.Die weiteren ökumenischen Entwicklungen in der katholischen Kirche Kroatiens 181-188 3.14.1.Die ökumenische Problematik in Kroatien 188-193 3.14.2.Die Vorgangsweise in der ökumenischen Arbeit 193-195 3.15.Die Entwicklung des ökumenischen Geistes bei der Serbisch-orthodoxen Kirche aus katholischer und orthodoxer Sicht 195-201 3.16 .Die katholische Bischofskonferenz Jugoslawiens und ihr „ökumenisches Manifest“ 201-204 3.17.Die katholisch-orthodoxe Ökumene in der Diözese von Đakovo und Srijem 3.17.1.Veröffentlichte Artikel zum Thema „Ökumene“ in „Vjesnik Đakovačke biskupije“ und „Okružnice i obavijesti Biskupijskog ordinarijata u Đakovu“ 204-211 3.17.2.Die ökumenischen Begegnungen mit den Vertretern der Serbisch-orthodoxen Kirche anlässlich wichtiger Ereignisse in der Diözese Đakovo und Srijem 211-214 3.17.3.Die gegenseitigen Besuche 215-218 3.18.Die Begegnungen zwischen den Katholiken und den Orthodoxen auf Fakultätsebene 218-220 3.18.1.Das 1.ökumenische Symposium in Maribor 220-222 3.18.2.Das 2. ökumenische Symposion in Lovran 222-224 3.18.3.Das dritte ökumenische Treffen der Theologiefakultäten 225-226 3.18.4.Die 4. interfakultäre Begegnung 226-227 3.18.5.Das 5. ökumenische Treffen in Zagreb 226 3.18.6.Das 6.ökumenische Symposium im orthodoxen Kloster Studenica 227-228 3.18.7.Das 7.ökumenische Symposium 228-229 7 3.18.8.Die letzte gemeinsame Begegnung auf Fakultätsebene in Đakovo 229-231 3.18.9.Das internationale ökumenische Treffen in Vodice 1973 231-232 3.18.10.Ein Überblick über die ökumenische Literatur in Kroatien bis zum Krieg 1991 232-235 3.19.Die Begegnungen auf der Bischofsebene bis zum Krieg 3.19.1.Die erste Begegnung überhaupt: Der Erzbischof Franić von Split und der orthodoxe Priester Plavšo am 25.Jänner 1966 235-236 3.19.2.Der Erzbischof von Zagreb Šeper und der Metropolit von Zagreb Damaskin am 17.April 1968 236-237 3.19.3.Der Kardinal Šeper und der serbische Patriarch German am 25.April 1968 238-240 3.19.4.Der Karidinal Kuharić und orthodoxer Bischof Andrej am 14.August 1971 240 3.19.5.Erzbischof Kuharić und Patriarch German am 22.Novomber 1975 241 3.19.6.Kardinal Kuharić und Metropolit von Zagreb Pavlović am 7.Oktober 1977 241 3.19.7.Erzbischof Kuharić und Patriarch German am 25.Mai 1985 242-243 3.19.8.Kardinal Kuharić und Patriarch German am 16.Februar 1987 243-244 3.20.Die Ökumene am Ende? 3.20.1.Der aufgewachte Uniatismus und Proselytismus auf der katholischen Seite? 244-245 3.20.2.Der Versuch einer Erklärung 245-246 3.20.3.Die Vorgeschichte zur Erklärungen der orthodoxen Würdenträger 246-248 3.20.4.Die „Gemischte Kommisison“ und der misslungene Versuch der Intensivierung der ökumenischen Gespräche 248-251 8 3.20.4.Einige Erklärungen der orthodoxen Würdenträger 251-254 3.20.5.Die immer „wiederkehrende“ Schwierigkeiten im Dialog zwischen der katholischen Kirche in Kroatien und Serbisch-orthodoxer Kirche vor dem Krieg 254-255 IV.
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