Final Proofread Thesis

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Final Proofread Thesis The London School of Economics and Political Science Talking through Difference: Everyday Ethics Across Borders in an Israeli-Palestinian Community Liat Tuv A thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, January 2018 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 74,599 words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Richard Knight. !2 of 209! Abstract At the centre of one of the most well-known and seemingly intractable societal conflicts in modern history, a movement of Jewish and Palestinian Israelis has tried over the decades to work towards equality, a shared society, and positive inter-group relationships. Within this movement is the community of Wahat al-Salam - Neve Shalom (‘Oasis of Peace’ in Arabic and Hebrew), where 30 Jewish families and 30 Palestinian families have chosen to live together and run educational outreach projects to share their theories about peace and equality with others in Israel-Palestine. Key to this moral endeavour is dialogue, which really means being able to talk through difference; villagers believe in talking with each other despite the political and social barriers that may stand in their way, and making those very socio-political differences into objects of discussion. This thesis, based on 17-months fieldwork in Wahat al-Salam - Neve Shalom, explores three puzzles with implications for the mission of the community as well as anthropological theory. First, what kind of language ideologies underlie the idea of talking as a tool for peace? Second, what concept of difference do community members have, given the potentially negative implications of either emphasizing or downplaying difference? Third, what motivates people in social movements to live their ethical ideals in the everyday? Given the highly politicised context in which the villagers live, and the moral objectives they live by, even seemingly banal linguistic choices can affect relationships. Friendships across difference can be formed, strengthened, or fall apart as the result of verbal and non-verbal interactions — energising those involved when they go well and producing feelings of discomfort or embarrassment when they do not. In sum, this thesis suggests that everyday ethical approaches to difference draw on a mixture of political awareness and sensitivity, explicit theories about the way to engage with others, and the internal dynamics of interactions. These internal dynamics bring up moments of ambiguity that require reflection but also provide the potential for people to challenge their differences and how best to deal with them. !3 of 209! Contents Acknowledgements 6 Introduction 7 Introducing the Oasis 12 Methodology and Ethical Considerations 20 A Volunteer Anthropologist 20 A Jewish-Israeli in a Jewish-Palestinian Community 23 A Note on Language 24 Working in a Much-Studied Field-Site 25 Chapter I: Living with the Conflict 29 Two Narratives 29 A Context of Inequality 33 ‘Hollowed-out’ Citizenship 34 Language Asymmetry 37 A Militarised Society 41 Addressing the Conflict — Different Approaches in the Peace Movement 43 Conclusion: A Peace Village in Context 51 Chapter II: Ethical Life in an Intentional Community 52 An Intentional Community 52 Commemorating the Nakba 60 From ‘Moral Education’ to Everyday Ethics of Difference 67 Chapter III: From Dialogue to Action 72 Strategic Meetings 73 Talk into Action and Talking for Talking’s Sake 77 Expressing Unity through Difference 83 “Jews and Arabs refuse to be enemies”: A Rally 89 Conclusion 94 !4 of 209! Chapter IV: Between Translation and Repetition 96 Translating in Practice: A Film-Screening and Discussion at WASNS 97 Acts of Translation to Promote Equality 101 The Difficult Position of Translator 104 The Dilemma of Substance or Form 109 Chapter V: From Bilingualism to Code-Switching 112 The Place of Arabic in WASNS 114 Code-switching at a Village Celebration 119 Code-switching as a Source of Humour 122 Phatic Communication and Language of the Heart 126 Chapter VI: Dialogue without Words 131 Dialogue through Dance 135 Dance as Interaction Ritual 139 Friendship as an Alternative Dialogue 143 Productive Ambiguity: Wordless Encounters and the Ethics of Friendship 147 Chapter VII: Dark Humour as a Shared Language 151 WASNS Friendships: Growing Up ‘Together with the Village’ 154 Mockery in Joking Friendships 156 The Ambiguity of ‘Dark’ Humour: Considering a ‘Failed’ Joke 160 Coping with Conflict: The 2014 Gazan-Israeli ‘War’ 163 Humour as Way to Talk Through Difference? 168 Conclusion 175 Conclusion 177 On Dialogue 178 On Difference 182 On Ethics 186 Looking Ahead 189 References 191 !5 of 209! Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank all the villagers of Wahat al-Salam - Neve Shalom, for hosting me, and making me feel like part of the community. I will be forever grateful to all who invited me into their homes, their lives, and their friendship groups. I would also like to thank the many volunteers I encountered and befriended during my time in the village; they played a more crucial role in my fieldwork than I had anticipated. The village was always a safe and accepting place to talk about, and process, the often upsetting context we found ourselves in. I have such admiration for all the labour involved in keeping a place like WASNS going. At LSE, I would first like to thank my supervisors Rita Astuti and Mathijs Pelkmans. Their thorough feedback on my drafts always pushed me to better frame my ideas, so too their excellent recommendations for further reading. I am grateful for the time and effort they both devoted to critiquing and discussing the drafts, especially at the most difficult moments in the writing process. I am also grateful to my cohort at the writing-up seminar, and to all who attended the Friday Seminar I gave on dark humour, for such insightful questions that helped me clarify certain theories, and gave me new ideas. I would like to thank all my family and friends in Israel-Palestine for all their support while I was out there. In particular, I would like to thank my uncle, Adi Toov, who not only introduced me to WASNS in the first place but was always looking out for events, articles, books, or contacts that could be useful. I am also indebted to my late grandfather Michael Rosenblatt, who always supported my academic ventures and was keen to follow and support the progress of my PhD. Sadly, he died before I began my fieldwork, and could not see this final work. This thesis is dedicated to him. Last, but definitely not least, I would like to thank my partner Richard Knight for his diligent copy-editing, numerous visits to the village, and general moral support. I would like to thank Margaret Francis for her moral support also. !6 of 209! Introduction “The idea of Wahat al-Salam - Neve Shalom is to stand as an example, for the rest of [Israel-Palestine] and the world, that peace is possible if we – you know – respect our differences, learn about our differences, and not fight out our differences, and if we come together to have a dialogue and find a peaceful way.” – The village of Wahat al-Salam - Neve Shalom as explained by one of its villagers, Rita Boulos, in a recent news-report1 Israelis and Palestinians are engaged in one of the world’s most bitter, intractable, and internationally divisive conflicts. Decades of societal strife, and military occupation of the Palestinian territories, have entrenched inequality between the two peoples. Within the state of Israel the conflict causes strained relations and inequalities between Jewish and Palestinian Israelis. Over years of conflict, a movement of Jewish and Palestinian Israelis has tried to work towards ending inequality, promoting a shared society, and fostering more-positive inter-group relationships. This mission is complicated by the great degree of segregation in Israeli society, and put under great additional strain during occasional episodes of open warfare. This thesis examines the experiences of a group of Jewish and Palestinian Israelis within the peace and social justice movement, a group that jointly founded a village in which they could live out their ideals. The village, which was also the site of my fieldwork, is known as Wahat al-Salam - Neve Shalom (meaning ‘Oasis of Peace’ in Arabic then Hebrew), or WASNS (pronounced wasnas) for short. The villagers of WASNS are attempting to “live with the conflict” (WASNS website’s FAQ) – to mitigate its consequences on their lives – by talking. The villagers are committed to talking through difference; by which I mean both talking despite differences but also making difference a topic of conversation itself. Their plight poses three puzzles with challenges for both for the mission of the community and theoretical anthropological principals. Firstly, what kind of ideas about language do people need to have for it to make sense for them to emphasise 1 The report on i24 News – an Israeli-American 24-hour news network – was broadcast in June 2017 and centred on a communal Iftar meal at the village.
Recommended publications
  • Memory Trace Fazal Sheikh
    MEMORY TRACE FAZAL SHEIKH 2 3 Front and back cover image: ‚ ‚ 31°50 41”N / 35°13 47”E Israeli side of the Separation Wall on the outskirts of Neve Yaakov and Beit Ḥanīna. Just beyond the wall lies the neighborhood of al-Ram, now severed from East Jerusalem. Inside front and inside back cover image: ‚ ‚ 31°49 10”N / 35°15 59”E Palestinian side of the Separation Wall on the outskirts of the Palestinian town of ʿAnata. The Israeli settlement of Pisgat Ze’ev lies beyond in East Jerusalem. This publication takes its point of departure from Fazal Sheikh’s Memory Trace, the first of his three-volume photographic proj- ect on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Published in the spring of 2015, The Erasure Trilogy is divided into three separate vol- umes—Memory Trace, Desert Bloom, and Independence/Nakba. The project seeks to explore the legacies of the Arab–Israeli War of 1948, which resulted in the dispossession and displacement of three quarters of the Palestinian population, in the establishment of the State of Israel, and in the reconfiguration of territorial borders across the region. Elements of these volumes have been exhibited at the Slought Foundation in Philadelphia, Storefront for Art and Architecture, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, and the Pace/MacGill Gallery in New York, and will now be presented at the Al-Ma’mal Foundation for Contemporary Art in East Jerusalem, and the Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center in Ramallah. In addition, historical documents and materials related to the history of Al-’Araqīb, a Bedouin village that has been destroyed and rebuilt more than one hundred times in the ongoing “battle over the Negev,” first presented at the Slought Foundation, will be shown at Al-Ma’mal.
    [Show full text]
  • Jerusalem: Facts and Trends 2005/2006
    The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies Founded by the Charles H. Revson Foundation Jerusalem: Facts and Trends 2005/2006 Maya Choshen, Michal Korach 2008 Jerusalem: Facts and Trends 2005/2006 Maya Choshen Michal Korach This publication has been produced with the support of the Charles H. Revson Foundation of New York and the Pratt Foundation. The statements made and the views expressed in this document reflect solely the opinions of its authors. Translation from Hebrew: Laura Wharton © 2008, The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies The Hay Elyachar House 20 Radak St., 92186 Jerusalem http://www.jiis.org.il - Table of Contents - About the Authors .............................................................................................. 7 Preface ................................................................................................................. 9 Area ....................................................................................................................11 Population ..........................................................................................................11 Population Size ...................................................................................................11 The Legal Status of the Arab Population ........................................................... 12 The Geographical Distribution of the Population .............................................. 13 Population Growth ............................................................................................. 14 Sources
    [Show full text]
  • Jewish Communal Affairs
    Jewish Communal Affairs American Jews and the Middle East ISRAEL, IRAN, IRAQ In December 2006, AJC issued a pamphlet, 'Progressive' Jewish Thought and the New Anti-Semitism, by Prof. Alvin Rosenfeld of Indi- ana University, which pointed to specific examples of left-of-center Jew- ish critics of Israel who went so far as to question the right of the Jewish state to exist, a position that Rosenfeld considered anti-Semitic. Few knew of the publication until an article about it appeared in the New York Times on January 31, 2007, and then it became a focus of public dispute. A number of discrete issues were debated back and forth, such as in- accuracies in the Times characterization of AJC and of Rosenfeld's the- sis, whether Rosenfeld had erred in lumping together friendly critics of Israel with virulent foes, and whether, as some critics alleged, his real agenda was to push an alleged Jewish neoconservative alliance with the Bush administration and Christian conservatives in support of the Iraq war. The most serious charge was that 'Progressive' Jewish Thought was meant to censor all liberal criticism of Israel by tarnishing it with the label of anti-Semitism. Rosenfeld countered that he could not see how point- ing out the anti-Semitic implications of those who wanted Israel dis- mantled amounted to censorship, and suggested that those making the charge were themselves engaging in censorship by seeking to silence Is- rael's defenders. As 2007 began American Jewish groups were focused on a potentially nuclear Iran whose president made no secret of his intention to destroy Israel.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia in Syria and the Implications for Israel Israel's Imagined
    Volume 19 | No. 2 | July 2016 Russia in Syria and the Implications for Israel Amos Yadlin Israel’s Imagined Role in the Syrian Civil War Tha‘er al-Nashef and Ofir Winter Will Russia and Iran Walk Hand in Hand? Ephraim Kam Changes in Hezbollah’s Identity and Fundamental Worldview Roman Levi No Magic Solution: The Effectiveness of Deporting Terrorists as a Counterterrorism Policy Measure Adam Hoffman A Troubling Correlation: The Ongoing Economic Deterioration in East Jerusalem and the Current Wave of Terror Amit Efrati Troubles in Paradise: The New Arab Leadership in Israel and the Challenges of the Hour Doron Matza, Meir Elran, and Mohammed Abo Nasra Selective Engagement: China’s Middle East Policy after the Arab Spring Wang Jin China and Turkey: Closer Relations Mixed with Suspicion Galia Lavi and Gallia Lindenstrauss Israel and the International Criminal Court: A Legal Battlefield Bar Levy and Shir Rozenzweig Israel’s Second War Doctrine Ron Tira Strategic ASSESSMENT Volume 19 | No. 2 | July 2016 CONTENTS Abstracts | 3 Russia in Syria and the Implications for Israel | 9 Amos Yadlin Israel’s Imagined Role in the Syrian Civil War | 27 Tha‘er al-Nashef and Ofir Winter Will Russia and Iran Walk Hand in Hand? | 41 Ephraim Kam Changes in Hezbollah’s Identity and Fundamental Worldview | 53 Roman Levi No Magic Solution: The Effectiveness of Deporting Terrorists as a Counterterrorism Policy Measure | 67 Adam Hoffman A Troubling Correlation: The Ongoing Economic Deterioration in East Jerusalem and the Current Wave of Terror | 81 Amit Efrati Troubles
    [Show full text]
  • War and Pride: “Out Against the Occupation” and Queer Responses to the 2006 Lebanon War
    War and Pride: “Out Against the Occupation” and Queer Responses to the 2006 Lebanon War Natalie Kouri-Towe Department of Art History and Communication Studies McGill University, Montreal August 2008 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in Communication Studies © Natalie Kouri-Towe 2008 ABSTRACT In this thesis, I examine the role of queerness, solidarity and movement in anti-war activism relating to the 2006 Lebanon War. I investigate two events called “Out Against the Occupation” that were organized during the summer of 2006 in response to the war. These events emerged as a queer response to the context of various gay pride events held throughout the war that failed to develop an anti-war response to the war in Lebanon. These gay pride events include the Divers/Cité festival held annually in Montreal, the first World OutGames held in Montreal, the World Pride events held in Jerusalem and the Queeruption gathering held in Tel Aviv. I argue that we must rethink the role of movement, queerness and solidarity in order to understand how movements of resistance emerge. I do so by examining the role of subjectivity in how we come to move and orient ourselves towards others. RESUME Dans ce mémoire, j'examine le role de la sexualité queer, la solidarité et le movement dans les mobilisations contre le conflit israélo-libanais de 2006. J'examine deux événements appelés “Out Against the Occupation,” organisés durant l'été de 2006 en reaction à la guerre. Ces événements émergaient d'une réaction allosexuelle au contexte de plusieurs événements se rapportant à la fierté gaie qui ont été organisés durant la guerre au Liban.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020: 76 Anni Di Dibattito Politico E Culturale
    2020: 76 anni di dibattito politico e culturale c’è un ponte sulla rete www.ilponterivista.com facebook: ilponterivista twitter: PonteRivista google+: Il Ponte Editore Rivista di politica economia e cultura fondata da Piero Calamandrei Anno LXXVI n. 1 gennaio-febbraio 2020 PALESTINESI a cura di Lanfranco Binni, Riccardo Bocco, Wasim Dahmash e Barbara Gagliardi 7 Questo speciale LA QUESTIONE PALESTINESE OGGI 9 Jamil Hilal, La questione palestinese 15 Gian Paolo Calchi Novati, Israele e Palestina fra guerra e politica 31 Caterina Roggero, Gian Paolo Calchi Novati e la “Questione isra- eliana” 37 Enrico Bartolomei, «Il sionismo è una struttura, non un evento». Forme ed evoluzione della logica sionista di eliminazione 47 Diana Carminati, Il progetto sionista di insediamento coloniale. Il contributo degli studi di «Settler Colonialism» 61 Ibrahim Saïd, Alcuni sono piú uguali degli altri: i cittadini palesti- nesi nello Stato ebraico coloniale di insediamento 75 Richard Falk e Virginia Tilley, Pratiche israeliane nei confronti del popolo palestinese e questione dell’apartheid 85 Chiara Cruciati, Palestinesi d’Israele e rifugiati: sono loro a svelare l’apartheid. Intervista a Virginia Tilley 88 Basil Farraj, Le carceri israeliane e l’invisibilità delle nuove moda- lità di tortura 100 Atwa Jaber, La corsa di Israele all’annessione della Valle del Giorda- no: un’analisi storica 114 Alaa Tarir e Filip Ejdus, La missione di polizia dell’Unione euro- pea nei Territori palestinesi 129 Michele Giorgio, La Palestina nello scenario geopolitico RIFUGIATI PER RITORNARE 137 Ruba Salih, I rifugiati e la politica catartica: dai diritti umani al diritto di essere umani 156 Sergio Bianchi, «Vogliamo vivere in dignità per tornare»: le Ong palestinesi e la rappresentazione simbolica dei rifugiati palestinesi in Libano 168 Luigi Achilli, Alla ricerca della dignità.
    [Show full text]
  • Master Thesis in History University of Oslo
    HIS4090 Autumn 2018 Candidate 317 A Convergence of Narratives: The Holocaust & Israeli historiography since 1982 Master Thesis in History Torstein Kvernvold Myhre University of Oslo Department of Archeology, Conservation and History (IAKH) Autumn 2018 1 HIS4090 Autumn 2018 Candidate 317 Acknowledgements I would like to thank the faculty at IAKH at the University of Oslo, and in particular my supervisor Douglas Rossinow for giving me invaluable feedback at critical stages during the writing of this thesis from January 2017 to November 2018. His guidance has been crucial in helping me do research that made this paper possible. My fellow students at UiO have contributed greatly to stirring some of the journey this writing process has taken me through. My dear father has also continued to give me crucial guidance in the art of argumentation. I would also like to thank mr. Norman Finkelstein for indulding in a personal correspondence with me, both in person and in writing. His answers to questions have greatly contributed to helping me place this thesis in a political-ideological context. I would lastly give a dearest thank you to my dearest Kristine, for her unrelenting patience on my behalf. 2 HIS4090 Autumn 2018 Candidate 317 Abstract This master thesis is a historiographic analysis of how the Holocaust has been utilized to strengthen and legitimize Israel as a Jewish state, and how this push has shaped academic, cultural and political discourse on the Israeli/Palestinian conflict since 1983. By analysis of secondary literature on Israel's relationship to the Holocaust, this thesis will explore how perceived links between the two play a key role in the shaping of academic and political discourse on the Israeli/Palestinian conflict.
    [Show full text]
  • 15-8 the Situation in the Middle East 11 February 2009 Advance
    Advance version 11 February 2009 The situation in the Middle East Table of Contents A. United Nations Disengagement Observer Force B. United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon and developments in the Israel- Lebanon sector C. Security Council resolution 1559 (2004) D. Security Council resolution 1595 (2005) E. The report of the Secretary-General on the Middle East A. United Nations Disengagement Observer Force Decisions of June 2004 – December 2007: eight resolutions and eight statements by the President At each of its 4998th, 5101st , 5205th, 5339th, 5456th, 5596th, 5698th, and 5802nd meetings,1 the Security Council adopted unanimously without a debate a resolution extending the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observations Force (UNDOF) for periods of six months on the basis of the reports of the Secretary-General.2 In his reports, the Secretary-General observed that the situation in the Israel-Syria sector had remained generally quiet. He noted that between 12 July and 14 August 2006, rockets originating from the area of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) had hit close to UNDOF positions in the Shab’a area.3 In general, UNDOF continued to perform its role as supervisor of the ceasefire between the Syrian and Israeli 1 Held on 29 June 2004, 15 December 2004, 17 June 2005, 21 December 2005, 13 June 2006, 15 December 2006, 20 June 2007, and 14 December 2007, respectively. During this period in addition to these meetings, the Council also held a number of meetings with the troop-contributing countries to the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force in private, pursuant to annex II, sections A and B of resolution 1353 (2001).
    [Show full text]
  • PALESTINE: STATES, AL Rightscourt
    Solidarity Solidarity& Workers’ Liberty For a workers’ government For social ownership of the banks and industry ISRAEL-PALESTINE: FOR TWO STATES, Pic: @G_for_Gemma FOR EQUAL RIGHTS By Colin Foster One of the slogans of the Soon the postponed court protest was: “The answer to the hearing will come on plans to housands protested in Tel- Right is Israel and Palestine”. evict six Palestinian families in TAviv-Jaffa on Saturday 22 On the other side of Israeli the Sheikh Jarrah district of East May, in Israel’s biggest peace politics, Benjamin Netanyahu Jerusalem from their tenancies demonstration for many years. WIN OUR plans on a further spell in prime in now Jewish-owned (since : Breaking The Silence, an as- minister, helped by the fall- 1972) houses. sociation of Israeli ex-soldiers ing-apart during the bloodshed Netanyahu now faces a which co-organised the pro- of negotiations for an anti-Ne- stronger opposition. Too much test with the Jewish-Arab social tanyahu coalition. Having Net- of the generally pro-Palestinian Right to protest movemement Standing To- anyahu as their opponent suits protest in Britain has sided im- gether, declared: Hamas; having Hamas ruling in plicitly or explicitly with Hamas. ≫ “The ceasefire [on 21 May, Gaza and a surging force in the That is a dead end. after 15 days of rockets and West Bank suits Netanyahu; the The way to a democratic bombs] is of course good news, symbiosis obstructs workers’ peace and towards workers’ Right to strike See page 2 and we hope it will hold out for unity, a democratic way out, unity in Israel-Palestine lies in as long as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Gone with the Wind
    WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 43rd year No.13949 Sunday MAY 23, 2021 Khordad 2, 1400 Shawwal 11, 1442 IRGC chief: Palestinian Iran’s Nahid Kiani Jask terminal ready to Operation al-Quds Sword a resistance leads to secures taekwondo receive crude oil from blow to those normalizing heroic epic Page 2 berth at Olympics Page 3 Gulf of Oman Page 4 ties with Israel Page 5 Leader says malicious Zionist regime will become even weaker TEHRAN— In a message to the Palestinian against occupation and injustice, fi- nation on Friday evening, Leader of the nally the Zionist regime agreed to an Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Ali Khamenei unconditional ceasefire. The ceasefire Gone with the wind congratulated the “powerful, oppressed brought a wave of joy and happiness to Palestine” for their victory against the the Palestinians, who poured into the Zionist regime in the 12-day war. streets showing V signs and waved flags. How Netanyahu botched the normalization hype In the 12-day war the Palestinian The following is the full text of the resistance groups succeeded to fire message posted on the khamenei.ir: missiles all across the lands occupied “In the Name of God, the Beneficent, by Israel. Failing to make resistance the Merciful groups to give in in their missile war Continued on page 2 Over 1,600km of freeways, highways to be inaugurated by Mar. 2022 TEHRAN – Iranian Deputy Transport and Ur- “Two of the mentioned projects were ban Development Minister Kheirollah Khademi put into operation in the previous year has said 440 kilometers (km) of freeways and and 221 kilometers of freeways were com- 1,200 km of highways will be added to the coun- pleted across the country,” he told IRIB.
    [Show full text]
  • Dictionary of Palestinian Political Terms
    Dictionary of Palestinian Political Terms PASSIA Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, Jerusalem PASSIA, the Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, is an Arab, non-profit Palestinian institution with a financially and legally indepen- dent status. It is not affiliated with any government, political party or organization. PASSIA seeks to present the Question of Palestine in its national, Arab and interna- tional contexts through academic research, dialogue and publication. PASSIA endeavors that research undertaken under its auspices be specialized, scientific and objective and that its symposia and workshops, whether interna- tional or intra-Palestinian, be open, self-critical and conducted in a spirit of har- mony and cooperation. Copyright PASSIA 3rd updated and revised edition, December 2019 ISBN: 978-9950-305-52-6 PASSIA Publication 2019 Tel.: 02-6264426 | Fax: 02-6282819 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.passia.org PO Box 19545, Jerusalem Contents Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………………………………………. i Foreword …………………………………………………………………….….…………..……………. iii Dictionary A-Z ………………………………………………………………………….………………. 1 Main References Cited…………………………………………..……………………………… 199 Abbreviations ACRI Association for Civil Rights in PCBS Palestinian Central Bureau of Israel Statistics AD Anno Domini PFLP Popular Front for the Liberation AIPAC American Israel Public Affairs of Palestine Committee PFLP-GC Popular Front for the Liberation ALF Arab Liberation Front of Palestine – General ANM
    [Show full text]
  • Television and Cross-Media Culture Master Thesis
    Faculty of Humanities M.A. Media Studies: Television and Cross-Media Culture Master Thesis Redefining the Narrative: An Exploration of the Palestinian Citizens of Israel and the Reconstruction of Identity through Filmmaking Dina Maria Farag Student Number: 12431168 Supervisor: Emiel Martens Second Reader: Reza Kartosen-Wong Date of Completion: 28.06.2019 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Culture as a Matter of Media 3 1.2 Historical Context –The Nakba & the Palestinian citizens of Israel 6 2. THE PALESTINIAN MINORITY: OTHERING AND COLLECTIVE IDENTITY 10 2.1 Israel–A Contradictory State 10 2.2 The ‘Trapped Minority’ 13 2.3 Otherness of Palestinians: Orientalism 15 2.4 The Collective Memory of the Palestinian Minority 19 2.5 Israeli Media Strategies & Palestinian Identity Construction 23 3. PALESTINIAN FILMMAKING: TAKING CHARGE OF THE NARRATIVE 27 3.1 In Between – An Overview 28 3.1.1 Behind the Scenes: The Funding and Production 29 3.1.2 Three Palestinians in Tel Aviv 36 3.2 Junction 48 –– An Overview 44 3.2.1 Behind the Scenes: The Funding and Production 46 3.2.2 Palestinian Resistance: Separate but Equal 49 3.2.3 Reception in Israel and Palestine 54 4. CONCLUSION 56 1 Abstract The Palestinian citizens of Israel are an indigenous minority living within Israeli territory. Succeeding the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 and the resulting immigration of Jews, the Palestinians living within the newly set borders of Israel were reduced to a minority. While there are various fiction and documentary films produced on the general issue of the Israeli-Palestinian contention, the Palestinian minority and their ongoing struggles to coexist within a hegemonic host state are often neglected.
    [Show full text]