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Departamento De Física Aplicada +55 11 3091-0814 / Secfap@If.Usp.Br Departamento de Física Aplicada +55 11 3091-0814 / [email protected] FAP/020/2020 HMJB/es São Paulo, 04 de maio de 2020. Prezado Diretor, Em reunião realizada nesta data, o Conselho do Departamento de Física Aplicada aprovou a solicitação do Profº Dr. PAULO EDUARDO ARTAXO NETTO para continuar colaborando com o DFAP dentro do Programa Professor Sênior da USP. A aprovação levou em conta o Parecer favorável emitido pelo Prof. Dr. Iberê Luiz Caldas. Atenciosamente, Profº Dr. Henrique de Melo Jorge Barbosa Chefe do Deptº de Física Aplicada do IFUSP Ilmo. Sr. Profº Dr. Manfredo Harri Tabacniks Diretor do IFUSP Rua do Matão, 1371 - Butantã - CEP 05508-090 - São Paulo (SP) - Brasil UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE FÍSICA Docente: Paulo Eduardo de Artaxo Neto Assunto: Proposta de Professor Senior Departamento: Física Aplicada Parecer O Prof. Paulo Artaxo foi docente do Instituto de Física de 1980 até a sua aposentadoria em abril de 2018, quando iniciou a sua colaboração como professor sênior. A formação acadêmica e a súmula curricular do docente evidenciam a sua grande contribuição ao desenvolvimento das pesquisas em ciências atmosféricas, a formação de recursos humanos e o estabelecimentos de muitas colaborações e convênios com as principais instituições de ciências atmosféricas em vários países. A sua atuação em pesquisa tem tido uma grande repercussão no meio acadêmico mundial (evidenciada pela intensa citação de seus artigos científicos) e na imprensa brasileira. Essa atuação tem sido reconhecida com a atribuição de vários prêmios de grande prestígio ao docente. Em decorrência do êxito alcançado, o docente participa de vários comitês científicos internacionais e coordena vários grupos de pesquisa. Nos dois anos como professor sênior, de 2018 a 2020, o Prof. Artaxo manteve o seu excepcional desempenho, com pesquisas muito importantes para o diagnóstico e conhecimento de fatos de relevância mundial sobre a poluição atmosférica urbana, mudanças climáticas globais, meio ambiente na Amazônia e física de aerossóis atmosféricos. Nesse periodo ele publicou 57 artigos científicos, sendo vários em revistas de grande impacto. Atualmente ele orienta 8 alunos de pós-graduação e supervisiona uma bolsista de pós-doutoramento. Pelo plano de pesquisa proposto o docente continuará a desenvolver a sua atividade de pesquisa e formação de pesquisadores, com ênfase na investigação dos Ciclos de Vida de Aerossóis e Nuvens na Amazônia, com diagnóstico sobre o impacto no ecossistema das emissões biogênicas naturais e emissões de queimadas. A renovação proposta pelo Prof. Artaxo, para um novo período como professor sênior, é de grande interesse do Departamento de Física Aplicada e imprescindível para manter as atividades de pesquisa do departamento em física aplicada às ciências ambientais. Assim, recomendo fortemente a aprovacão do contrato proposto. 13 de abril de 2020 Iberê Luiz Caldas Prof. Paulo Artaxo Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo Rua do Matão, Travessa R, 187 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil FAX: +[55] (11) 3091 6749 Phone: +[55] (11) 3091 7016 e-mail: [email protected] São Paulo, 8 de abril de 2020 Prof. Henrique M. J. Barbosa Chefe de Departamento Departamento de Física Aplicada Instituto de Física da USP Prezado Prof. Henrique Tenho a satisfação de encaminhar ao Conselho da FAP uma solicitação de renovação de Professor Colaborador Senior junto à FAP, para o período de abril de 2020 a abril de 2022. Segue em anexo o relatório de atividades do período anterior (abril e 2018 a abril de 2020), e o plano de trabalho correspondente ao próximo período. Neste período de 2 anos publiquei 57 trabalhos científicos, vários nas revistas do grupo Science e Nature. Também apresentei 88 trabalhos em reuniões científicas internacionais e estou orientando 8 alunos de Pós-Graduação. Atenciosamente, Prof. Paulo Artaxo Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo Relatório de Atividades Prof. Senior FAP-IFUSP - Paulo Artaxo - Abril 2018-2020 1 Relatório de Atividades Abril 2018-Abril 2020 Paulo Artaxo - Professor Colaborador Senior Departamento de Física Aplicada, FAP- IFUSP Data 08 de abril de 2020 Ciclos de vida de aerossóis e nuvens na Amazônia: impacto no ecossistema das emissões biogênicas naturais e emissões de queimadas. Índice 1 - Resumo da proposta original ............................................................................................... 2 2 – Resumo das atividades realizadas no projeto ..................................................................... 2 3 – Publicações realizadas até o momento ............................................................................... 3 4 – Trabalhos apresentados em congressos ........................................................................... 11 5 – Orientações de alunos ...................................................................................................... 18 6 – Resultados científicos: Operação e resultados da estação amostradora em Chacaltaya, Bolívia ..................................................................................................................................... 19 6.1 – Resultados das medidas da composição química do aerossol de Chacaltaya .......... 20 7 – Resultados de medidas da torre ATTO .............................................................................. 22 7.1 – Propriedades físicas do aerossol da torre ATTO na estação chuvosa de 2019 ......... 23 7.2 – Composição do aerossol orgânico na torre ATTO .................................................... 27 7.3 – Espessura ótica de aerossóis medidas na torre ATTO .............................................. 28 7.4 – Variabilidade da composição de aerossóis no ATTO, Manaus, Hotel Tiwa e Manacapuru ....................................................................................................................... 30 8 – Resultados das medidas de caracterização química de aerossóis de queimadas ............. 32 9 – As nuvens e a interação floresta-atmosfera no balanço de energia, água e gases ........... 35 10 – Interação aerossóis-nuvens ............................................................................................ 41 11 – Modelamento regional com BRAMS e WRF-Chem e integração com as medidas .......... 43 11.2 – Simulação com o uso de BRAMS e WRF-Chem e integração com as medidas ....... 44 12 – Preparação para o experimento CAFÉ-Brazil .................................................................. 48 Relatório de Atividades Prof. Senior FAP-IFUSP - Paulo Artaxo - Abril 2018-2020 2 1 - Resumo da proposta original A Amazônia é um excelente laboratório para estudar processos críticos que regulam a física e química atmosférica tropical. A floresta é uma importante fonte global de aerossóis, gases traços e vapor de água, e os complexos processos não lineares que regulam estes diferentes componentes ainda não são totalmente compreendidos. Neste projeto, estudaremos ciclo de vida do aerossol (ALC), o ciclo de vida de nuvens (CLC) e as interações entre nuvens-aerossóis-radiação e precipitação (CAPI) na Amazônia. Utilizaremos uma combinação de abordagens que permitem pesquisas inovadoras nos trópicos. O projeto envolve 4 esforços de medidas: 1) Novas observações de longo prazo na torre ATTO (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory); 2) Expedições fluviais na Amazônia Ocidental em áreas ainda não investigadas do ponto de vista atmosférico; 3) Um experimento para investigar a atmosfera amazônica em altas altitudes (14 km), com o avião alemão HALO G5; e 4) campanhas de medição de aerossóis e gases traços transportados da Amazônia para Chacaltaya, Bolívia, a 5.240 metros de altitude nos Andes. Esses esforços de medição, que vão da torre ATTO de 325 metros de altura, através de navios fluviais e aviões até amostragens nos Andes na estação Chacaltaya, permitirão estudar um grande espectro de processos críticos na ligação entre biosfera-atmosfera-clima em regiões tropicais. Nesses sites e plataformas, nós avaliaremos, entre outras coisas, propriedades ópticas de aerossol como espalhamento e absorção espectral de radiação, distribuição de tamanho de aerossol, composição de aerossol para componentes orgânicas e inorgânicas, profundidade óptica de aerossóis e nuvens, balanço de radiação, núcleos de condensação de nuvens, tamanho de gota de nuvem e perfis verticais de aerossóis, nuvens, precipitação e variáveis termodinâmicas. Um grande conjunto de instrumentação avançada fará essas medidas em difíceis condições logísticas. A modelagem em nuvens em alta resolução integrará aerossóis, CCN e vapor de água para uma variedade de condições termodinâmicas e permitirá a integração de análises de aerossóis com processos em nuvens. A modelagem regional em alta resolução utilizando BRAMS e WRF-Chem serão realizadas para ajudar a entender os processos e o transporte regional. Com esses novos conjuntos de dados e esforços de modelagem associados, planejamos contribuir no entendimento das interações entre nuvens-aerossol-precipitação e os feedbacks entre biosfera e atmosfera em condições naturais e em condições dominadas por emissões de queimadas. Esperamos que essas medidas e esforços de modelagem proporcionem novos conhecimentos em processos críticos e importantes que regulam a química atmosférica tropical e a física de nuvens e radiação. A análise também fornecerá importantes informações sobre como a Amazônia está sendo perturbada pelas emissões de queima de biomassa e como ela influencia o clima regionalmente e globalmente. 2 – Resumo das atividades realizadas no projeto Este projeto
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