14/TOBACCO COMPANIES CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK
ICELAND 14 Tobacco Companies FINLAND NORWAY
SWEDEN ESTONIA British American RUSSIAN Tobacco LATVIA FED. Philip Morris is the world’s UNITED DENMARK LITHUANIA largest transnational tobacco KINGDOM IRELAND BELARUS company, whose Marlboro brand NETH. POLAND BELGIUM Reemsta is the world leader. In 1999 the CZECH UKRAINE LUX. GERMANY REPUBLIC company had sales of over FRANCE AUSTRIA HUNGARY SWITZ. US$47 billion. However, ROMANIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION CANADA CROATIA excluding the US domestic Altadis BULGARIA ITALY market, BAT sells the most SPAIN PORTUGAL cigarettes worldwide and has the GREECE largest network in the most KAZAKHSTAN Japan Tobacco Philip Morris MOROCCO TUNISIA countries. UZBEKISTAN DPR International ALGERIA The tobacco industry is a UNITED STATES KOREA JAPAN OF AMERICA TURKEY REP. mixture of some of the most KOREA CYPRUS LEBANON TUNISIA CHINA powerful transnational Philip Morris IRAQ ISL. REP. MOROCCO ISRAEL IRAN R J Reynolds commercial companies in the $47.1 billion JORDAN PAKISTAN ALGERIA LIBYAN BAHRAIN ARAB world. Tobacco companies, MEXICO JAMAHIRIYA EGYPT UAE CUBA DOMINICAN which frequently merge, own REPUBLIC SAUDI ARABIA BANGLADESH Hong Kong SAR JAMAICA INDIA MYANMAR OMAN VIET NAM other huge industries and run an HONDURAS GUATEMALA THAILAND PHILIPPINES EL SALVADOR intricate variety of joint ventures. NICARAGUA BARBADOS
State tobacco monopolies have COSTA RICA TRINIDAD & VENEZUELA TOBAGO A NIGERIA PANAMA GUYANA N SIERRA LEONE A been in decline since the 1980s. H SRI LANKA SURINAME G COLOMBIA CAMEROON About 7,000 medium to large MALAYSIA ÒWe see the new UGANDA state-owned enterprises were KENYA SINGAPORE markets opening up ECUADOR DEM. REP. privatised in the 1980s and a in Central Asia and CONGO UNITED REP. BAT INDONESIA further 60,000 in the 1990s after the Commonwealth of TANZANIA BRAZIL $31.1 billion the collapse of the former Soviet Independent States as really being the PERU MALAWI Union. From the late 1990s, the ZAMBIA future of BAT well BOLIVIA ZIMBABWE IMF has pressurised countries into the next FIJI MAURITIUS such as the Republic of Korea, the century.Ó CHILE Republic of Moldova, Thailand AUSTRALIA BAT, 1994 SOUTH and Turkey to privatise their state AFRICA tobacco industry as a condition of URUGUAY JTI $21.6 billion loans. ARGENTINA 16.4% The remaining monopolies Leading manufacturer by country 15.4% represent a combined NEW ZEALAND consumption of 2 billion cigarettes or 40 percent of the world’s total headquarters location of The Big Five major transnational cigarette consumption. tobacco companies Since the early 1990s, the Leading transnational tobacco companies 1999 cigarette companies have Philip Morris Austria Tabak massively increased their 7.2% Reemsta manufacturing capacity in British American Tobacco (BAT) Gallaher $6.1 billion developing countries and eastern Japan Tobacco International (JTI) state monopoly Europe. Where once the rich percentage of global Altadis market share Reemsta countries exported “death and other $2.3 billion disease”, increasingly these are 2.6% Altadis no data 1.9% manufactured locally. revenue US$ billions 50 Philip Morris BAT JTI Reemsta Altadis 51