ROCZNIK MUZEUM GÓRNOŚLĄSKIEGO W BYTOMIU PRZYRODA Vol. 23 (online 005): 1–27 ISSN 0068-466X, eISSN 2451-0467 (online) Bytom, 6.12.2017
Christel Hoffeins1, Hans Werner Hoffeins1, Ryszard Szadziewski2, 3
Checklist of Macromycetes (Fungi) from the Wyskok village in Masurian Lakeland, NE Poland http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1095044
1 Liseistieg 10, D-22149 Hamburg, Germany 2 University of Gdańsk, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, PL 80-309 Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, Poland 3 e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: From a small village Wyskok and its surroundings 324 species of Macromycetes are recorded in years 1998–2017. Among the species reported 38 are Polish red-listed mushrooms: rare (23), vulnerable (8), endangered (3), extinct (1) and of indetermined threat (3). Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus are partially protected by law in Poland. At present in the vicinity of the Oświn lake (Nature Reserve of the Seven Islands Lake) 325 species of Macromycetes are known to occur.
Key words: Fungi, Macromycetes, Poland, Masurian Lakeland, Oświn lake, Nature Reserve of the Seven Islands Lake.
INTRODUCTION Wyskok is a small village situated at the Oświn Lake (Fig. 1) in north Masurian Lakeland on the area protected by Natura 2000 covered by two bird’s refuges: western part – Ostoja Warmińska PLB 280015; eastern part – Jezioro Oświn i okolice PLB 280004. In northern Masuria distribution of Macromycetes is poorly studied. In the vicinity of the Oświn Lake (Nature Reserve of the Seven Islands Lake) only 18 species of Macromycetes were reported earlier by Kloss & Kucharski (2005). Senior authors Christel and Hans W. Hoffeins of Hamburg during their holidays spent in the Wyskok village, dokumented findings of mushrooms year by year. During a long period from 1998 to 2017 they were able to identify 324 mushrooms to species level herewith presented.
1 MATERIAL AND METHODS Mushrooms were collected in the Wyskok village 10 km north of Srokowo, 15 km north- west of Węgorzewo, at the Oświn Lake (Fig. 1). Study area stretches between longitudes 21°31’ – 21°33’ E and latitudes 54°16’ – 54°19’ N. Forests and fields with wooden patches here are typical of Masuria. Forests usually mixed with Picea, Pinus, Quercus, Betula, Populus, Tilia, Fraxinus, Carpinus, Acer, Sorbus, Corylus, etc. Macromycetes were collected in the following periods: 19 June – 2 July 1999, 28 August to 25 September 1998, 2000 – 2017. In September 2002 no mushrooms at all were found except of perennial Polyporales because of extremely high aridness without any rain since June. For identification we used keys by Gerhardt (2001), Lange & Lange (1973) and Peter (1960). The classification and systematics we follow www.mycobank.org. If a taxon name was not on display, information was drawn from https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Fungi. Of course, some species found in forests and fields remained unidentified, especially those of the Cortinariaceae family and mushrooms growing on faeces of wild animals. Photos of mushrooms were made with Nikon E4500, Nikon Coolpix S8000, Canon IXUS 140 and Samsung Android 5.0. Abbreviations for Polish red list of fungi (Wojewoda & Ławrynowicz 2006) are as follows: Ex – extinct or lost, E – endangered, V – vulnerable, R – rare, I – indetermined threat.
RESULTS Systematic list of species
Ascomycota Pezizomycetes Pezizales Discinaceae
Gyromitra infula (Schaeff.) Quél.
Helvellaceae
Helvella bulbosa (Hedw.) Kreisel Helvella crispa Bull. Helvella elastica Bull. Helvella lacunosa Afzelh. (R) Helvella macropus (Pers.) P. Karst.
Pezizaceae
Humaria hemisphaerica (Hoffm.) Fuckel
2 Otidea alutacea (Pers.) Massee Otidea onotica (Pers.) Fuckel Peziza badia Pers. Peziza endocarpoides Berk. Peziza repanda Pers. Peziza varia (Hedw.) Alb. & Schwein. Scutellina scutellata (L.) Lambotte
Sordariomycetes Hypocreales Clavipitiaceae
Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. Elaphocordyceps capitata (Holmsk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung & Spatafora (R) (Fig. 2)
Nectriaceae
Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr.
Leotiomycetes Helotiales Leotiaceae
Leotia lubrica (Scop.) Pers.
Bulgariaceae
Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr.
Dermataceae
Chlorosplenium aeruginosum (Oeder) De Not.
Pyronemataceae
Aleuria aurantica (Pers. Fr.) Fuckel
Xylariales Xylariaceae
Hypoxylon deustum (Hoffm.) Grev. Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev.
3 Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Geastrales Geasteraceae
Geastrum rufescens Pers. (E)
Agaricales Agaricaceae
Agaricus arvensis Schaeff. Agaricus augustus Fr. Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. Agaricus bisporus var. hortensis Lange Agaricus campestris (L.) Agaricus silvaticus Schaeff. Bovista plumbea Pers. Bovistella radicata (Durieu & Mont.) Pat. Calvatia gigantea (Batsch) Lloyd Calvatia utriformis (Bull.) Jaap Chlorophyllum rhacodes (Vittad.) Vellinga Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers. Coprinus silvaticus Peck Coprinopsis atramentaria (Bull.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Cystoderma amiantinum Fayod Lepiota aspera (Pers.) Quél. Lepiota erminea (Fr.) P. Kumm. (Ex) (Fig. 3) Lepiota excoriata (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Lepiota fulvella Rea Lycoperdon echinatum Pers. (R) Lycoperdon molle Pers. Lycoperdon perlatum Pers. Lycoperdon pusillum Batsch Lycoperdon pyriforme Willd. Lycoperdon umbrinum Pers. Macrolepiota mastoidea var. rickenii (Velen.) Gminder Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer
Amanitaceae
Amanita citrina (Schaeff.) Pers. (R)
4 Amanita crocea (Quél.) Singer Amanita excelsa (Fr.) Bertill. Amanita fulva Pers. Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam. Amanita phalloides (Fr.) Link Amanita phalloides var. alba Costantin & L.M. Dufour Amanita rubescens Pers. Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertill. (R) (Fig. 4) Amanita vaginata (Bull.) Lam. Limacella guttata (Pers.) Konrad & Maubl.
Bolbitiaceae
Panaeolus acuminatus (Schaeff.) Quel. Panaeolus papilionaceus (Bull.) Quél. (R) Panaeolus semiovatus (Sowerby) Lundell & Nannf.
Clavariaceae
Clavaria argillacea Pers. (R) Clavaria helvola var. dispar Per.
Cortinariaceae
Cortinarius alboviolaceus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius anomalus (Fr.) Fr. Cortinarius bolaris (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius caninus (Fr.) Fr. Cortinarius caperatus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius cinnamomeus (L.) Gray Cortinarius infractus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius paleaceus (Weinm.) Fr. Cortinarius semisanguineus (Fr.) Gillet Cortinarius sphagneti Orton Cortinarius spilomeus (Fr.) Fr. Cortinarius subtortus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius subvalidus Henry Cortinarius trivialis J.E. Lange Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray (V) (Fig. 5)
5 Crepidotaceae
Crepidotus variabilis (Pers.) P. Kumm.
Entolomaceae
Entoloma rhodopolium (Fr.) P. Kumm.
Hydnagiaceae
Laccaria amethystea (Bull.) Murrill Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke Laccaria proxima (Boud.) Pat.
Hygrophoraceae
Ampulloclitocybe clavipes (Pers.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Hygrocybe conica (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Hygrophorus cerasinus Berk. Hygrophorus nemoreus Fr. Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus (Fr.) Fr. Hygrophorus pustulatus (Pers.) Fr.
Inocybaceae
Inocybe adaequata (Britzelm.) Sacc. Inocybe dulcamara (Pers.) P. Kumm. Inocybe flocculosa Sacc. Inocybe geophylla (Sowerby) P. Kumm. Inocybe lacera (Fr.) P. Kumm.
Lyophyllaceae
Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull.) Ditmar (R) (Fig. 6) Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer
Marasmiaceae
Gymnopus androsaceus (L.) Mata & Petersen Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill Gymnopus foetidus (Sowerby) Mata & Petersen Gymnopus perforans (Hoffm.) Antonín & Noordel. Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer Marasmius alliaceus (Jacq.) Fr.
6 Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr. Marasmius rotula (Scop.) Fr. Marasmius torquescens Quél. Marasmius undatus (Berk.) Fr. Rhodocollybia maculata (Alb. & Schwein.) Singer
Mycenaceae
Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray Mycena galopus var. nigra Rea Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. (Fig. 7) Mycena polygramma (Bull.) Gray Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm. Mycena vitilis (Fr.) Quél. Panellus serotinus (Pers.) Kühner Panellus stypticus (Bull.) Karst. Xeromphalina campanella (Batsch) Kühner & Maire
Nidulariaceae
Crucibulum laeve (Huds.) Kambly Cyathus striatus (Huds.) Willd.
Pleurotaceae
Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland (V) (Fig. 8) Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus sapidus Quél. Pleurotus sapidus var. albidum Kalchbr.
Pluteaceae
Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Pluteus romellii (Britzelm.) Sacc. Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer (R) (Fig. 9) Volvariella gloiocephala (DC.) Boekhout & Enderle
Psathyrellaceae
Coprinellus disseminutus (Pers.) Lange Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Johnson
7 Coprinopsis atramentarius Fr. Coprinopsis cinerea (Schaeff.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinopsis radiata (Bolton) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Lacrymaria lacrymabunda (Bull.) Pat. Panaelus fimicola (Fr.) Quel. Panaeolina foenisecii (Pers.) Maire Parasola plicatilis (Curtis) Redhead, Vilgalys & Hopple Psathyrella berolinensis Ew. Gerhardt Psathyrella spadicea (Schaeff.) Singer Psathyrella piluliformis (Bull.) Orton
Physalacriaceae
Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. Flammulina fennae Bas Strobilurus esculentus (Wulfen) Singer Xerula radicata (Relhan) Dörfelt
Schizophyllaceae
Schizophyllum commune Fr.
Strophariaceae
Alnicola melinoides (Bull.) Kühner Deconica coprophila (Bull.) Karst. Galerina hypnorum (Schrank) Kühner Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühner Hebeloma crustuliniforme (Bull.) Quél. Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Quél. Hemipholiota populnea (Pers.) Bon Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma radicosum J.E. Lange Hypholoma sublateritium (Fr.) Quél. Kuehneromyces mutabilis (Schaeff.) Singer & Sm. Pholiota carbonaria (Fr.) Singer Pholiota flammans (Batsch) P. Kumm. Pholiota spumosa (Fr.) Singer Pholiota squarrosa (Oeder) P. Kumm
8 Stropharia aeruginosa (Curtis) Quél. Stropharia coronilla (Bull.) Quél. Stropharia rugosoannulata Farl. ex Murrill Tubaria conspersa (Pers.) Fayod
Tricholomataceae
Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich (V) (Fig. 10) Clitocybe candicans (Pers.) Fayod Clitocybe fragrans (With.) P. Kumm. Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) P. Kumm. Clitocybe odora (Bull.) P. Kumm. Clitocybe phyllophila (Pers.) P. Kumm. Clitocybe splendens (Pers.) Gillet Collybia cirrhata (Schumach.) Quel. Hemimycena cucullata (Pers.) Singer Lepista flaccida( Sowerby) Pat. Lepista nuda (Bull.) Cooke Lepista saeva (Fr.) Orton Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer (Fig. 11) Phyllotopsis nidulans (Pers.) Singer (V) Tricholoma album (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Tricholoma atrosquamosum Sacc. (I) Tricholoma columbetta (Fr.) P. Kumm. (R) Tricholoma equestre (L.) P. Kumm. (I) Tricholoma imbricatum (Fr.) P. Kumm. Tricholoma myomyces (Pers.) J.E. Lange Tricholoma populinum J.E. Lange Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél. Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull.) P. Kumm. Tricholomopsis rutilans (Schaeff.) Singer
Aphyllophorales Coriolaceae
Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) Karst. Gloeophyllum sepiarium (Wulfen) Karst.
9 Auriculariales Exidiaceae
Exidia nigricans (With.) Roberts Exidia saccharina (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Pseudohydnum gelatinosum (Scop.) P. Karst.
Boletales Boletaceae
Boletus edulis Bull. Boletus luridus Schaeff. (R) (Fig. 12) Boletus pinophilus Schaeff. Boletus pulverulentus Opat. (R) (Fig. 13) Chalciporus piperatus (Bull.) Bataille Leccinum aurantiacum (Bull.) Gray Leccinum duriusculum (Schulzer ex Kalchbr.) Singer Leccinum griseum (Quél.) Singer (I) Leccinum quercinum (Pilát) Green & Watling Leccinum scabrum (Bull.) Gray Leccinum versipelle (Fr. & Hök) Snell Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) Karst. Xerocomus badius (Fr.) Gilbert Xerocomus chrysenteron (Bull.) Quél. Xerocomus rubellus (Krombh.) Quél. Xerocomus subtomentosus (L.) Quél.
Gomphidiaceae
Chroogomphus helveticus (Singer) Moser (E) Chroogomphus rutilus (Schaeff.) Mill. Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. (R) (Fig. 14)
Gyroporaceae
Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. (R) (Fig. 15) Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. (R) (Fig. 16)
Hygrophoropsidaceae
Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen) Maire
10 Paxillaceae
Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. Paxillus rubicundulus Orton (R)
Sclerodermataceae
Scleroderma areolatum Ehrenb. Scleroderma citrinum Pers. Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers.
Suillaceae
Suillus granulatus (L.) Roussel Suillus grevillei (Klotzsch) Singer Suillus luteus (L.) Gray Suillus variegatus (Sw.) Kuntze
Tapinellaceae
Tapinella atrotomentosa (Batsch) Sutura
Cantharellales Cantharellaceae
Cantharellus amethysteus (Quél.) Sacc. Cantharellus cibarius Fr. Cantharellus cibarius var. pallens Pilát Cantharellus cinereus Pers. Cantharellus ianthinoxanthus (R. Maire) Kühner Cantharellus tubaeformis Fr. Cantharellus tubaeformis var. lutescens Fr. Craterellus cornucopioides (L.) Pers.
Clavulinaceae
Clavulina coralloides (L.) Schröt.
Hydnaceae Hydnum repandum L. Hydnum repandum var. albidum Fr. Hydnum repandum var. rufescens (Pers.) Barla Sistotrema confluens Pers. (E)
11 Dacrymycetales Dacrymycetaceae
Calocera viscosa (Pers.) Fr.
Gomphales Gomphaceae
Ramaria stricta (Pers.) Quél.
Hymenochaetales Hymenochaetaceae
Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél. Phellinus igniarius var. trivialis (Bres. ex Killerm.) Niemelä Phellinus nigricans (Fr.) Karst. Phellinus pini (Brot.) Ames (R) Phellinus tuberculosus (Baumg.) Niemelä Onnia triquetra (Pers.) Imazeki
Rickenellaceae
Rickenella fibula(B ull.) Raitelh.
Schizoporaceae
Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk
Phallales Phallaceae Phallus impudicus L.
Polyporales Coriolaceae
Trametes suaveolens (L.) Fr. Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr.
Fomitopsidaceae
Climacocystis borealis (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar (R) Grifola umbellata (Pers.) Pilát Ptychogaster albus Corda Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk (V) (Fig. 17)
12 Ganodermataceae
Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) Karst. Partially protected (Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska 2014) (R).
Meruliaceae
Phlebia radiata Fr.
Polyporaceae
Antrodia serialis (Fr.) Donk Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. (R) (Fig. 18) Hapalopilus rutilans (Pers.) Murill Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill Lenzites betulinus (L.) Fr. Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. (R) (Fig. 19) Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.) Karst. Polyporus badius (Pers.) Schwein. Polyporus brumalis (Pers.) Fr. Polyporus leptocephalus (Jaqc.) Fr. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Partially protected (Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska 2014) (V) (Fig. 20). Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr. Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilát Trametes suaveolens (L.) Fr. Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd Spongiporus tephroleucus (Fr.) David
Sparassidaceae
Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. (R) (Fig. 21)
Russulales Albatrellaceae
Albatrellus ovinus (Schaeff.) Kotl. & Pouzar
Auriscalpiaceae
Auriscalpium vulgare Gray
13 Russulaceae
Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray Lactarius camphoratus (Bull.) Fr. Lactarius deterrimus Gröger Lactarius helvus (Fr.) Fr. Lactarius pyrogalus (Bull.) Fr. Lactarius quietus (Fr.) Fr. Lactarius rufus (Scop.) Fr. Lactarius semisanguifluus R. Heim & Leclair Lactarius subdulcis (Pers.) Gray Lactarius thejogalus (Bull.) Gray Lactarius torminosus (Schaeff.) Pers. Lactarius turpis (Weinm.) Fr. Russula adusta (Pers.) Fr. Russula aeruginea Lindblad Russula amoenolens Romagn. (R) Russula aurea Pers. Russula badia Quél. Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr. Russula decolorans (Fr.) Fr. Russula delica Fr. Russula fellea (Fr.) Fr. Russula foetens Pers. Russula grata Britzelm. Russula graveolens Romell Russula nigricans Fr. Russula nobilis Velen. Russula ochroleuca Pers. Russula paludosa Britzelm. Russula queletii Fr. Russula solaris Ferd. & Winge Russula turci Bres. Russula vesca Fr. Russula vinosa Lindblad Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fr. Russula xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fr.
14 Stereaceae
Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers.
Thelephorales Bankeraceae
Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) Karst. (V) (Fig. 22)
Thelephoraceae
Thelephora caryophyllea (Schaeff.) Pers. (V) Thelephora palmata (Scop.) Fr.
Tremellales Tremellaceae
Tremella mesenterica (Schaeff.) Retz.
CONCLUDING REMARKS
Most of 324 species of mushrooms collected in Wyskok are common in Poland (Kujawa 2017). They belong to Ascomycota (25 spp.) and Basidiomycota (299 spp.). More than ten percent species (38) are Polish red-listed mushrooms with two partially protected by law (Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus). The red-listed species of mushrooms reported from Wyskok are included to the following groups of threat (Wojewoda & Ławrynowicz 2006): Extinct or lost (1) Lepiota erminea. Vulnerable (8): Artomyces pyxidatus, Cortinarius violaceus, Phyllotopsis nidulans, Pleurotus cornucopiae, Polyporus umbellatus, Pycnoporellus fulgens, Sarcodon imbricatus, Thelephora caryophyllea. Rare (23): Amanita citrina, Amanita strobiliformis, Asterophora lycoperdoides, Boletus luridus, Boletus pulverulentus, Clavaria argillacea, Climacocystis borealis, Elaphocordyceps capitata, Ganoderma lucidum, Gomphidius glutinosus, Gyroporus castaneus, Gyroporus cyanescens, Helvella lacunosa, Lycoperdon echinatum, Panus conchatus, Panaeolus papilionaceus, Paxillus rubicundulus, Phellinus pini, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Russula amoenolens, Sparassis crispa, Tricholoma columbetta, Volvariella bombycina. Endangered (3): Chroogomphus helveticus, Geastrum rufescens, Sistotrema confluens. Indetermined threat (3): Leccinum griseum, Tricholoma atrosquamosum, Tricholoma equestre. At present, the Oświn lake surroundings include 325 species of Macrofungi as among 18 species previously reported by Kloss & Kucharski (2005) in the Oświn lake vicinity Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. is not recorded in present studies.
15 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are deeply grateful to Dr Elżbieta Sontag of University of Gdańsk for help in preparing the illustrations. and to Prof. Wiesław Fałtynowicz of University of Wrocław for comments on the manuscript. REFERENCES
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Fig. 1. Geographic position of the Wyskok village. Study area within elliptic line. Position of Wyskok 2 marked with red dot. Ryc. 1. Położenie geograficzne wsi Wyskok. Obszar badawczy zaznaczony linią eliptyczną. Położenie Wyskok 2 zaznaczone czerwonym punktem.
16 Fig. 2. Elaphocordyceps capitata (Holmsk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung & Spatafora. Mixed forest, near Quercus and Populus, 2009. Ryc. 2. Elaphocordyceps capitata (Holmsk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung & Spatafora. Las mieszany, koło dębu Quercus i topoli Populus, 2009.
Fig. 3. Lepiota erminea (Fr.) P. Kumm. Edge of forest, in grass, 2012. Ryc. 3. Lepiota erminea (Fr.) P. Kumm. Skraj lasu, w trawie, 2012.
17 Fig. 4. Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertill. Wyskok 2, orchard, under Corylus and Tilia, 2016. Ryc. 4. Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertill. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, pod leszczyną Corylus i lipą Tilia, 2016.
Fig. 5. Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray. Wyskok 2, orchard, 2017. Ryc. 5. Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, 2017.
18 Fig. 6. Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull.) Ditmar on Russula nigricans Fr. Riparian zone, 2006. Ryc. 6. Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull.) Ditmar na Russula nigricans Fr. Strefa nadbrzeżna, 2006.
Fig. 7. Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Mixed forest, 2010. Ryc. 7. Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Las mieszany, 2010.
19 Fig. 8. Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland. On Populus, 2013. Ryc. 8. Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland. Na topoli Populus, 2013.
Fig. 9. Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer. Grove with Populus, Betula and Malus domestica, on Populus, 2009. Ryc. 9. Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer. Zagajnik z topolami Populus, brzozami Betula i jabłoniami Malus domestica, na topoli Populus, 2009.
20 Fig. 10. Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich. Mixed forest, on rotting Populus, 2010. Ryc. 10. Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich. Las mieszany, na próchniejącej topoli Populus, 2010.
Fig. 11. Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer. Wyskok 2, orchard, 2015. Ryc. 11. Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, 2015.
21 Fig. 12. Boletus luridus Schaeff. Wyskok 2, orchard, 2006. Ryc. 12. Boletus luridus Schaeff. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, 2006.
Fig. 13. Boletus pulverulentus Opat. Mixed forest, under Fagus, 2006. Ryc. 13. Boletus pulverulentus Opat. Las mieszany, pod bukiem Fagus, 2006.
22 Fig. 14. Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. Mixed forest, under Picea, 2016. Ryc. 14. Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. Las mieszany, pod świerkiem Picea, 2016.
Fig. 15. Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. Mixed forest, 2008. Ryc. 15. Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. Las mieszany, 2008.
23 Fig. 16. Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. Mixed forest, 2008. Ryc. 16. Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. Las mieszany, 2008.
Fig. 17. Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk. Grove with Populus and Betula, on Populus, 2006. Ryc. 17. Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk. Zagajnik z topolami Populus i brzozami Betula, na topoli Populus, 2006.
24 Fig. 18. Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. On Populus, 2006. Ryc. 18. Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. Na topoli Populus, 2006.
Fig. 19. Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. On Betula, 2006. Ryc. 19. Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. Na brzozie Betula, 2006.
25 Fig. 20. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Mixed forest, under Quercus, 2010. Ryc. 20. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Las mieszany, pod dębem Quercus, 2010.
Fig. 21. Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. Marszałki, under Pinus, 2007. Ryc. 21. Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. Marszałki, pod sosną Pinus, 2007.
26 Fig. 22. Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) Karst. Wayside, near Pinus and Betula, associated with Vaccinium; 2015; a – dorsal view, b – ventral view. Ryc. 22. Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) Karst. Pobocze drogi, w pobliżu sosny Pinus i brzozy Betula, wraz z borówkami Vaccinium; 2015; a – widok z góry, b – widok od spodu.
STRESZCZENIE Wykaz grzybów wielkoowocnikowych (Fungi: Macromycetes) miejscowości Wyskok na Pojezierzu Mazurskim W najbliższej okolicy wsi Wyskok na Mazurach zanotowano występowanie 324 gatunków grzybów wielkoowocnikowych w latach 1998–2017. Wśród nich 38 znajduje się na polskiej czerwonej liście grzybów: rzadkich R (23), narażonych V (8), wymierających E (3), wymarłych i zaginionych Ex (1), i o nie oznaczonym zagrożeniu I (3). Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus są w Polsce objęte ochroną częściową. Obecnie w otoczeniu Jeziora Oświn objętego Rezerwatem Przyrody Jezioro Siedmiu Wysp liczba gatunków Macromycetes wzrosła do 325.
Accepted: 25 November 2017; published: 6 December 2017 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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