ROCZNIK MUZEUM GÓRNOŚLĄSKIEGO W BYTOMIU PRZYRODA Vol. 23 (online 005): 1–27 ISSN 0068-466X, eISSN 2451-0467 (online) Bytom, 6.12.2017

Christel Hoffeins1, Hans Werner Hoffeins1, Ryszard Szadziewski2, 3

Checklist of Macromycetes (Fungi) from the Wyskok village in Masurian Lakeland, NE Poland http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1095044

1 Liseistieg 10, D-22149 Hamburg, Germany 2 University of Gdańsk, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, PL 80-309 Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, Poland 3 e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: From a small village Wyskok and its surroundings 324 species of Macromycetes are recorded in years 1998–2017. Among the species reported 38 are Polish red-listed : rare (23), vulnerable (8), endangered (3), extinct (1) and of indetermined threat (3). Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus are partially protected by law in Poland. At present in the vicinity of the Oświn lake (Nature Reserve of the Seven Islands Lake) 325 species of Macromycetes are known to occur.

Key words: Fungi, Macromycetes, Poland, Masurian Lakeland, Oświn lake, Nature Reserve of the Seven Islands Lake.

INTRODUCTION Wyskok is a small village situated at the Oświn Lake (Fig. 1) in north Masurian Lakeland on the area protected by Natura 2000 covered by two bird’s refuges: western part – Ostoja Warmińska PLB 280015; eastern part – Jezioro Oświn i okolice PLB 280004. In northern Masuria distribution of Macromycetes is poorly studied. In the vicinity of the Oświn Lake (Nature Reserve of the Seven Islands Lake) only 18 species of Macromycetes were reported earlier by Kloss & Kucharski (2005). Senior authors Christel and Hans W. Hoffeins of Hamburg during their holidays spent in the Wyskok village, dokumented findings of mushrooms year by year. During a long period from 1998 to 2017 they were able to identify 324 mushrooms to species level herewith presented.

1 MATERIAL AND METHODS Mushrooms were collected in the Wyskok village 10 km north of Srokowo, 15 km north- west of Węgorzewo, at the Oświn Lake (Fig. 1). Study area stretches between longitudes 21°31’ – 21°33’ E and latitudes 54°16’ – 54°19’ N. Forests and fields with wooden patches here are typical of Masuria. Forests usually mixed with Picea, Pinus, Quercus, Betula, , Tilia, Fraxinus, Carpinus, Acer, Sorbus, Corylus, etc. Macromycetes were collected in the following periods: 19 June – 2 July 1999, 28 August to 25 September 1998, 2000 – 2017. In September 2002 no mushrooms at all were found except of perennial because of extremely high aridness without any rain since June. For identification we used keys by Gerhardt (2001), Lange & Lange (1973) and Peter (1960). The classification and systematics we follow www.mycobank.org. If a taxon name was not on display, information was drawn from https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Fungi. Of course, some species found in forests and fields remained unidentified, especially those of the family and mushrooms growing on faeces of wild animals. Photos of mushrooms were made with Nikon E4500, Nikon Coolpix S8000, Canon IXUS 140 and Samsung Android 5.0. Abbreviations for Polish red list of fungi (Wojewoda & Ławrynowicz 2006) are as follows: Ex – extinct or lost, E – endangered, V – vulnerable, R – rare, I – indetermined threat.

RESULTS Systematic list of species

Ascomycota Pezizomycetes Pezizales Discinaceae

Gyromitra infula (Schaeff.) Quél.

Helvellaceae

Helvella bulbosa (Hedw.) Kreisel Helvella crispa Bull. Helvella elastica Bull. Helvella lacunosa Afzelh. (R) Helvella macropus (Pers.) P. Karst.

Pezizaceae

Humaria hemisphaerica (Hoffm.) Fuckel

2 Otidea alutacea (Pers.) Massee Otidea onotica (Pers.) Fuckel Peziza badia Pers. Peziza endocarpoides Berk. Peziza repanda Pers. Peziza varia (Hedw.) Alb. & Schwein. Scutellina scutellata (L.) Lambotte

Sordariomycetes Hypocreales Clavipitiaceae

Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. Elaphocordyceps capitata (Holmsk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung & Spatafora (R) (Fig. 2)

Nectriaceae

Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr.

Leotiomycetes Helotiales Leotiaceae

Leotia lubrica (Scop.) Pers.

Bulgariaceae

Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr.

Dermataceae

Chlorosplenium aeruginosum (Oeder) De Not.

Pyronemataceae

Aleuria aurantica (Pers. Fr.) Fuckel

Xylariales Xylariaceae

Hypoxylon deustum (Hoffm.) Grev. Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev.

3 Geastrales Geasteraceae

Geastrum rufescens Pers. (E)

Agaricales

Agaricus arvensis Schaeff. Agaricus augustus Fr. Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. Agaricus bisporus var. hortensis Lange Agaricus campestris (L.) Agaricus silvaticus Schaeff. Bovista plumbea Pers. Bovistella radicata (Durieu & Mont.) Pat. Calvatia gigantea (Batsch) Lloyd Calvatia utriformis (Bull.) Jaap Chlorophyllum rhacodes (Vittad.) Vellinga Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers. Coprinus silvaticus Peck Coprinopsis atramentaria (Bull.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Cystoderma amiantinum Fayod Lepiota aspera (Pers.) Quél. Lepiota erminea (Fr.) P. Kumm. (Ex) (Fig. 3) Lepiota excoriata (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Lepiota fulvella Rea Lycoperdon echinatum Pers. (R) Lycoperdon molle Pers. Lycoperdon perlatum Pers. Lycoperdon pusillum Batsch Lycoperdon pyriforme Willd. Lycoperdon umbrinum Pers. mastoidea var. rickenii (Velen.) Gminder (Scop.) Singer

Amanitaceae

Amanita citrina (Schaeff.) Pers. (R)

4 Amanita crocea (Quél.) Singer Amanita excelsa (Fr.) Bertill. Amanita fulva Pers. Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam. Amanita phalloides (Fr.) Link Amanita phalloides var. alba Costantin & L.M. Dufour Amanita rubescens Pers. Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertill. (R) (Fig. 4) Amanita vaginata (Bull.) Lam. Limacella guttata (Pers.) Konrad & Maubl.

Bolbitiaceae

Panaeolus acuminatus (Schaeff.) Quel. Panaeolus papilionaceus (Bull.) Quél. (R) Panaeolus semiovatus (Sowerby) Lundell & Nannf.

Clavariaceae

Clavaria argillacea Pers. (R) Clavaria helvola var. dispar Per.

Cortinariaceae

Cortinarius alboviolaceus (Pers.) Fr. anomalus (Fr.) Fr. Cortinarius bolaris (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius caninus (Fr.) Fr. Cortinarius caperatus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius cinnamomeus (L.) Gray Cortinarius infractus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius paleaceus (Weinm.) Fr. Cortinarius semisanguineus (Fr.) Gillet Cortinarius sphagneti Orton Cortinarius spilomeus (Fr.) Fr. Cortinarius subtortus (Pers.) Fr. Cortinarius subvalidus Henry Cortinarius trivialis J.E. Lange Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray (V) (Fig. 5)

5 Crepidotaceae

Crepidotus variabilis (Pers.) P. Kumm.

Entolomaceae

Entoloma rhodopolium (Fr.) P. Kumm.

Hydnagiaceae

Laccaria amethystea (Bull.) Murrill Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke Laccaria proxima (Boud.) Pat.

Hygrophoraceae

Ampulloclitocybe clavipes (Pers.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Hygrocybe conica (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. cerasinus Berk. Hygrophorus nemoreus Fr. Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus (Fr.) Fr. Hygrophorus pustulatus (Pers.) Fr.

Inocybaceae

Inocybe adaequata (Britzelm.) Sacc. Inocybe dulcamara (Pers.) P. Kumm. Inocybe flocculosa Sacc. Inocybe geophylla (Sowerby) P. Kumm. Inocybe lacera (Fr.) P. Kumm.

Lyophyllaceae

Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull.) Ditmar (R) (Fig. 6) Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer

Marasmiaceae

Gymnopus androsaceus (L.) Mata & Petersen Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill Gymnopus foetidus (Sowerby) Mata & Petersen Gymnopus perforans (Hoffm.) Antonín & Noordel. Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer Marasmius alliaceus (Jacq.) Fr.

6 Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr. Marasmius rotula (Scop.) Fr. Marasmius torquescens Quél. Marasmius undatus (Berk.) Fr. Rhodocollybia maculata (Alb. & Schwein.) Singer

Mycenaceae

Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray Mycena galopus var. nigra Rea Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. (Fig. 7) Mycena polygramma (Bull.) Gray Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm. Mycena vitilis (Fr.) Quél. Panellus serotinus (Pers.) Kühner Panellus stypticus (Bull.) Karst. Xeromphalina campanella (Batsch) Kühner & Maire

Nidulariaceae

Crucibulum laeve (Huds.) Kambly Cyathus striatus (Huds.) Willd.

Pleurotaceae

Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland (V) (Fig. 8) Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus sapidus Quél. Pleurotus sapidus var. albidum Kalchbr.

Pluteaceae

Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Pluteus romellii (Britzelm.) Sacc. Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer (R) (Fig. 9) Volvariella gloiocephala (DC.) Boekhout & Enderle

Psathyrellaceae

Coprinellus disseminutus (Pers.) Lange Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Johnson

7 Coprinopsis atramentarius Fr. Coprinopsis cinerea (Schaeff.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinopsis radiata (Bolton) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Lacrymaria lacrymabunda (Bull.) Pat. Panaelus fimicola (Fr.) Quel. Panaeolina foenisecii (Pers.) Maire Parasola plicatilis (Curtis) Redhead, Vilgalys & Hopple Psathyrella berolinensis Ew. Gerhardt Psathyrella spadicea (Schaeff.) Singer Psathyrella piluliformis (Bull.) Orton

Physalacriaceae

Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. fennae Bas esculentus (Wulfen) Singer Xerula radicata (Relhan) Dörfelt

Schizophyllaceae

Schizophyllum commune Fr.

Strophariaceae

Alnicola melinoides (Bull.) Kühner Deconica coprophila (Bull.) Karst. hypnorum (Schrank) Kühner Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühner Hebeloma crustuliniforme (Bull.) Quél. Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Quél. Hemipholiota populnea (Pers.) Bon Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma radicosum J.E. Lange Hypholoma sublateritium (Fr.) Quél. Kuehneromyces mutabilis (Schaeff.) Singer & Sm. Pholiota carbonaria (Fr.) Singer Pholiota flammans (Batsch) P. Kumm. Pholiota spumosa (Fr.) Singer Pholiota squarrosa (Oeder) P. Kumm

8 Stropharia aeruginosa (Curtis) Quél. Stropharia coronilla (Bull.) Quél. Stropharia rugosoannulata Farl. ex Murrill Tubaria conspersa (Pers.) Fayod

Tricholomataceae

Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich (V) (Fig. 10) Clitocybe candicans (Pers.) Fayod Clitocybe fragrans (With.) P. Kumm. Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) P. Kumm. Clitocybe odora (Bull.) P. Kumm. Clitocybe phyllophila (Pers.) P. Kumm. Clitocybe splendens (Pers.) Gillet Collybia cirrhata (Schumach.) Quel. Hemimycena cucullata (Pers.) Singer Lepista flaccida( Sowerby) Pat. Lepista nuda (Bull.) Cooke Lepista saeva (Fr.) Orton Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer (Fig. 11) Phyllotopsis nidulans (Pers.) Singer (V) Tricholoma album (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Tricholoma atrosquamosum Sacc. (I) Tricholoma columbetta (Fr.) P. Kumm. (R) Tricholoma equestre (L.) P. Kumm. (I) Tricholoma imbricatum (Fr.) P. Kumm. Tricholoma myomyces (Pers.) J.E. Lange Tricholoma populinum J.E. Lange Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél. Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull.) P. Kumm. Tricholomopsis rutilans (Schaeff.) Singer

Aphyllophorales Coriolaceae

Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) Karst. Gloeophyllum sepiarium (Wulfen) Karst.

9 Exidiaceae

Exidia nigricans (With.) Roberts saccharina (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Pseudohydnum gelatinosum (Scop.) P. Karst.

Boletales

Boletus edulis Bull. Boletus luridus Schaeff. (R) (Fig. 12) Boletus pinophilus Schaeff. Boletus pulverulentus Opat. (R) (Fig. 13) Chalciporus piperatus (Bull.) Bataille aurantiacum (Bull.) Gray Leccinum duriusculum (Schulzer ex Kalchbr.) Singer Leccinum griseum (Quél.) Singer (I) Leccinum quercinum (Pilát) Green & Watling Leccinum scabrum (Bull.) Gray Leccinum versipelle (Fr. & Hök) Snell Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) Karst. Xerocomus badius (Fr.) Gilbert Xerocomus chrysenteron (Bull.) Quél. Xerocomus rubellus (Krombh.) Quél. Xerocomus subtomentosus (L.) Quél.

Gomphidiaceae

Chroogomphus helveticus (Singer) Moser (E) Chroogomphus rutilus (Schaeff.) Mill. Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. (R) (Fig. 14)

Gyroporaceae

Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. (R) (Fig. 15) cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. (R) (Fig. 16)

Hygrophoropsidaceae

Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen) Maire

10 Paxillaceae

Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. Paxillus rubicundulus Orton (R)

Sclerodermataceae

Scleroderma areolatum Ehrenb. Scleroderma citrinum Pers. Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers.

Suillaceae

Suillus granulatus (L.) Roussel Suillus grevillei (Klotzsch) Singer Suillus luteus (L.) Gray Suillus variegatus (Sw.) Kuntze

Tapinellaceae

Tapinella atrotomentosa (Batsch) Sutura

Cantharellales

Cantharellus amethysteus (Quél.) Sacc. cibarius Fr. Cantharellus cibarius var. pallens Pilát Cantharellus cinereus Pers. Cantharellus ianthinoxanthus (R. Maire) Kühner Cantharellus tubaeformis Fr. Cantharellus tubaeformis var. lutescens Fr. Craterellus cornucopioides (L.) Pers.

Clavulinaceae

Clavulina coralloides (L.) Schröt.

Hydnaceae Hydnum repandum L. Hydnum repandum var. albidum Fr. Hydnum repandum var. rufescens (Pers.) Barla Sistotrema confluens Pers. (E)

11 Dacrymycetales Dacrymycetaceae

Calocera viscosa (Pers.) Fr.

Gomphales Gomphaceae

Ramaria stricta (Pers.) Quél.

Hymenochaetales Hymenochaetaceae

Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél. Phellinus igniarius var. trivialis (Bres. ex Killerm.) Niemelä Phellinus nigricans (Fr.) Karst. Phellinus pini (Brot.) Ames (R) Phellinus tuberculosus (Baumg.) Niemelä Onnia triquetra (Pers.) Imazeki

Rickenellaceae

Rickenella fibula(B ull.) Raitelh.

Schizoporaceae

Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk

Phallales Phallaceae Phallus impudicus L.

Polyporales Coriolaceae

Trametes suaveolens (L.) Fr. Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr.

Fomitopsidaceae

Climacocystis borealis (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar (R) Grifola umbellata (Pers.) Pilát Ptychogaster albus Corda Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk (V) (Fig. 17)

12 Ganodermataceae

Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) Karst. Partially protected (Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska 2014) (R).

Meruliaceae

Phlebia radiata Fr.

Polyporaceae

Antrodia serialis (Fr.) Donk Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. (R) (Fig. 18) Hapalopilus rutilans (Pers.) Murill Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill Lenzites betulinus (L.) Fr. Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. (R) (Fig. 19) Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.) Karst. Polyporus badius (Pers.) Schwein. Polyporus brumalis (Pers.) Fr. Polyporus leptocephalus (Jaqc.) Fr. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Partially protected (Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska 2014) (V) (Fig. 20). Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr. Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilát Trametes suaveolens (L.) Fr. Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd Spongiporus tephroleucus (Fr.) David

Sparassidaceae

Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. (R) (Fig. 21)

Russulales Albatrellaceae

Albatrellus ovinus (Schaeff.) Kotl. & Pouzar

Auriscalpiaceae

Auriscalpium vulgare Gray

13

Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray Lactarius camphoratus (Bull.) Fr. Lactarius deterrimus Gröger Lactarius helvus (Fr.) Fr. Lactarius pyrogalus (Bull.) Fr. Lactarius quietus (Fr.) Fr. Lactarius rufus (Scop.) Fr. Lactarius semisanguifluus R. Heim & Leclair Lactarius subdulcis (Pers.) Gray Lactarius thejogalus (Bull.) Gray Lactarius torminosus (Schaeff.) Pers. Lactarius turpis (Weinm.) Fr. adusta (Pers.) Fr. Russula aeruginea Lindblad Russula amoenolens Romagn. (R) Russula aurea Pers. Russula badia Quél. Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr. Russula decolorans (Fr.) Fr. Russula delica Fr. (Fr.) Fr. Russula foetens Pers. Russula grata Britzelm. Russula graveolens Romell Russula nigricans Fr. Russula nobilis Velen. Russula ochroleuca Pers. Russula paludosa Britzelm. Russula queletii Fr. Russula solaris Ferd. & Winge Russula turci Bres. Russula vesca Fr. Russula vinosa Lindblad Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fr. Russula xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fr.

14 Stereaceae

Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers.

Thelephorales Bankeraceae

Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) Karst. (V) (Fig. 22)

Thelephoraceae

Thelephora caryophyllea (Schaeff.) Pers. (V) Thelephora palmata (Scop.) Fr.

Tremellales Tremellaceae

Tremella mesenterica (Schaeff.) Retz.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

Most of 324 species of mushrooms collected in Wyskok are common in Poland (Kujawa 2017). They belong to Ascomycota (25 spp.) and Basidiomycota (299 spp.). More than ten percent species (38) are Polish red-listed mushrooms with two partially protected by law (Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus). The red-listed species of mushrooms reported from Wyskok are included to the following groups of threat (Wojewoda & Ławrynowicz 2006): Extinct or lost (1) Lepiota erminea. Vulnerable (8): Artomyces pyxidatus, Cortinarius violaceus, Phyllotopsis nidulans, Pleurotus cornucopiae, Polyporus umbellatus, Pycnoporellus fulgens, Sarcodon imbricatus, Thelephora caryophyllea. Rare (23): Amanita citrina, Amanita strobiliformis, Asterophora lycoperdoides, Boletus luridus, Boletus pulverulentus, Clavaria argillacea, borealis, Elaphocordyceps capitata, Ganoderma lucidum, Gomphidius glutinosus, Gyroporus castaneus, , Helvella lacunosa, Lycoperdon echinatum, Panus conchatus, Panaeolus papilionaceus, Paxillus rubicundulus, Phellinus pini, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Russula amoenolens, Sparassis crispa, Tricholoma columbetta, Volvariella bombycina. Endangered (3): Chroogomphus helveticus, Geastrum rufescens, Sistotrema confluens. Indetermined threat (3): Leccinum griseum, Tricholoma atrosquamosum, Tricholoma equestre. At present, the Oświn lake surroundings include 325 species of Macrofungi as among 18 species previously reported by Kloss & Kucharski (2005) in the Oświn lake vicinity Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. is not recorded in present studies.

15 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are deeply grateful to Dr Elżbieta Sontag of University of Gdańsk for help in preparing the illustrations. and to Prof. Wiesław Fałtynowicz of University of Wrocław for comments on the manuscript. REFERENCES

Gerhardt E. 2001. Der große BLV Pilzführer für unterwegs. BLV Verlagsgemeinschaft mbH, München Wien Zürich 2. durchgesehene Auflage: 720 pp. Kloss M., Kucharski L. 2005.Appendix 2. List of fungi and plant species found in Oświn lake vicinity in years 1998-1999, In: Gromadzki M., Wiśniewski R.J. (Eds.), Oświn lake and its surroundings, Natural and cultural monograph. Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań: 325–340. Lange J.E., Lange M. 1973. Pilze. BLV Bestimmungsbuch. BLV Verlagsgemeinschaft mbH, München Wien Zürich, 5. Auflage Überarbeitet für Mitteleuropa von Prof. Dr. Meinhard Moser, Innsbruck: 242 pp. Peter J. 1960. Pilze. Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Lizenzausgabe für die Mitglieder des Deutschen Bücherbundes Stuttgart; C by Büchergilde Gutenberg, Zürich: 465 pp. Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska. 2014. z dnia 9 października 2014r. w sprawie ochrony gatunkowej grzybów. Wojewoda W., Ławrynowicz M. 2006. Czerwona lista grzybów wielkoowocnikowych w Polsce, pp. 53–70, In: Mirek Z., Zarzycki K., Wojewoda W., Szeląg Z. (Eds.), Red list of plants and fungi in Poland (3rd ed.), W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków. Kujawa A. 2017. Grzyby makroskopijne Polski w literaturze mykologicznej, In: Snowarski M., Atlas grzybów Polski. http://www.grzyby-makroskopijne-Polski-w-literaturze-mikologicznej.htm

Fig. 1. Geographic position of the Wyskok village. Study area within elliptic line. Position of Wyskok 2 marked with red dot. Ryc. 1. Położenie geograficzne wsi Wyskok. Obszar badawczy zaznaczony linią eliptyczną. Położenie Wyskok 2 zaznaczone czerwonym punktem.

16 Fig. 2. Elaphocordyceps capitata (Holmsk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung & Spatafora. Mixed forest, near Quercus and Populus, 2009. Ryc. 2. Elaphocordyceps capitata (Holmsk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung & Spatafora. Las mieszany, koło dębu Quercus i topoli Populus, 2009.

Fig. 3. Lepiota erminea (Fr.) P. Kumm. Edge of forest, in grass, 2012. Ryc. 3. Lepiota erminea (Fr.) P. Kumm. Skraj lasu, w trawie, 2012.

17 Fig. 4. Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertill. Wyskok 2, orchard, under Corylus and Tilia, 2016. Ryc. 4. Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertill. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, pod leszczyną Corylus i lipą Tilia, 2016.

Fig. 5. Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray. Wyskok 2, orchard, 2017. Ryc. 5. Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, 2017.

18 Fig. 6. Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull.) Ditmar on Russula nigricans Fr. Riparian zone, 2006. Ryc. 6. Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull.) Ditmar na Russula nigricans Fr. Strefa nadbrzeżna, 2006.

Fig. 7. Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Mixed forest, 2010. Ryc. 7. Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Las mieszany, 2010.

19 Fig. 8. Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland. On Populus, 2013. Ryc. 8. Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland. Na topoli Populus, 2013.

Fig. 9. Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer. Grove with Populus, Betula and Malus domestica, on Populus, 2009. Ryc. 9. Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer. Zagajnik z topolami Populus, brzozami Betula i jabłoniami Malus domestica, na topoli Populus, 2009.

20 Fig. 10. Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich. Mixed forest, on rotting Populus, 2010. Ryc. 10. Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich. Las mieszany, na próchniejącej topoli Populus, 2010.

Fig. 11. Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer. Wyskok 2, orchard, 2015. Ryc. 11. Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, 2015.

21 Fig. 12. Boletus luridus Schaeff. Wyskok 2, orchard, 2006. Ryc. 12. Boletus luridus Schaeff. Wyskok 2, sad owocowy, 2006.

Fig. 13. Boletus pulverulentus Opat. Mixed forest, under Fagus, 2006. Ryc. 13. Boletus pulverulentus Opat. Las mieszany, pod bukiem Fagus, 2006.

22 Fig. 14. Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. Mixed forest, under Picea, 2016. Ryc. 14. Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. Las mieszany, pod świerkiem Picea, 2016.

Fig. 15. Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. Mixed forest, 2008. Ryc. 15. Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. Las mieszany, 2008.

23 Fig. 16. Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. Mixed forest, 2008. Ryc. 16. Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. Las mieszany, 2008.

Fig. 17. Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk. Grove with Populus and Betula, on Populus, 2006. Ryc. 17. Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk. Zagajnik z topolami Populus i brzozami Betula, na topoli Populus, 2006.

24 Fig. 18. Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. On Populus, 2006. Ryc. 18. Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. Na topoli Populus, 2006.

Fig. 19. Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. On Betula, 2006. Ryc. 19. Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. Na brzozie Betula, 2006.

25 Fig. 20. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Mixed forest, under Quercus, 2010. Ryc. 20. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Las mieszany, pod dębem Quercus, 2010.

Fig. 21. Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. Marszałki, under Pinus, 2007. Ryc. 21. Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. Marszałki, pod sosną Pinus, 2007.

26 Fig. 22. Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) Karst. Wayside, near Pinus and Betula, associated with Vaccinium; 2015; a – dorsal view, b – ventral view. Ryc. 22. Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) Karst. Pobocze drogi, w pobliżu sosny Pinus i brzozy Betula, wraz z borówkami Vaccinium; 2015; a – widok z góry, b – widok od spodu.

STRESZCZENIE Wykaz grzybów wielkoowocnikowych (Fungi: Macromycetes) miejscowości Wyskok na Pojezierzu Mazurskim W najbliższej okolicy wsi Wyskok na Mazurach zanotowano występowanie 324 gatunków grzybów wielkoowocnikowych w latach 1998–2017. Wśród nich 38 znajduje się na polskiej czerwonej liście grzybów: rzadkich R (23), narażonych V (8), wymierających E (3), wymarłych i zaginionych Ex (1), i o nie oznaczonym zagrożeniu I (3). Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus są w Polsce objęte ochroną częściową. Obecnie w otoczeniu Jeziora Oświn objętego Rezerwatem Przyrody Jezioro Siedmiu Wysp liczba gatunków Macromycetes wzrosła do 325.

Accepted: 25 November 2017; published: 6 December 2017 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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