Sept. 1St Led by Ralph Meagher and Rabin Abraham H

Neumann architecture [June 10] Michael Oser machine, developed in a project Sept. 1st led by Ralph Meagher and Rabin Abraham H. Taub who had both Born: Sept. 1, 1931; worked with von Neumann at William Stanley Breslau, Germany IAS. Jevons Rabin and Dana Scott [Oct 11] It used 2,800 vacuum tubes, authored the 1959 paper “Finite measured 10 ft. by 2 ft. by 8.5 ft., Born: Sept. 1, 1835; Automata and their Decision and weighed 4,000 pounds. It Liverpool, UK Problems” which introduced the employed an early form of Died: Aug. 13, 1882 idea of nondeterministic hexadecimal notation where the machines, which has proved to letters K, S, N, J, F, and L stood Jevons was best known as an be enormously valuable in for 10 to 15. Programmers used economist, and in particular for computing theory. to remember them with the his theory linking sunspots and catchphrase “King Sized economics cycles. However, he A second groundbreaking paper, Numbers Just For Laughs.” also wrote a popular textbook “Degree of Difficulty of on logic, and created the logic Computing a Function and a The ILLIAC I could perform piano (aka logical abacus) Partial Ordering of Recursive 11,000 operations per second. utilizing Boolean logic [Nov 2]. Sets” (1960), grew out of a ILLIAC II, a transistor-and-diode He had a clockmaker construct a puzzle that John McCarthy [Sept machine completed in 1963, working version for him in 1869. 4] posed about spies, guards, could perform 500,000 and passwords: operations per second. The ILLIAC III was a special-purpose "The spies have passwords that computer designed for the allow them to pass from enemy automatic scanning of large territory to their own. The quantities of visual data. The guards cannot be trusted to keep ILLIAC IV [Sept 7] was a SIMD the passwords secret, so some (Single Instruction, Multiple method had to be found to verify Data stream) parallel computer, that even if the enemy gains essentially an array processor. knowledge of the password, the spies can safely return but In 1956, Lejaren Hiller and enemy infiltrators are kept out." Leonard Isaacson used the ILLIAC I to compose the Illiac This started Rabin thinking Suite [Aug 9], one of the first about functions that were pieces of music written with the difficult to invert, and the aid of a computer. resulting paper provided the foundation for many subsequent The first version of the PLATO advances in cryptography. education system [Aug 22] was W. Stanley Jevons. Photo by the implemented on the ILLIAC I in Rutherford Journal. His other work includes the 1960, by a team led by Donald Miller-Rabin primality test Bitzer [Jan 1]. (which has been called The device displayed all the true revolutionary) and the Rabin- The ILLIAC had an identical and false combinations of up to Karp string search algorithm. brother, the ORDVAC (Ordnance four logical terms as a series of Discrete Variable Automatic wooden boards mounted in a Rabin’s students at Harvard Computer), which made them case. Its keyboard of black and have posted some of his more the first machines to use the white piano keys was then memorable quotes online. Two same instruction set. The pressed to exclude true/false examples: ORDVAC was built for the Ballistic Research Lab [July 29] combinations which didn’t fit “And now if I have an enormous at the Aberdeen Proving Ground the logical statements using p…” those terms. In essence, the in Maryland, and became fully device modelled inference as a “The theorem, I don’t know operational on March 6, 1952. process of truth table exactly the genealogy, but let’s This makes it the older of the elimination. say Karp [Jan 3], he’s a friend of two siblings. mine.” The logic piano inspired Charles Peirce [Sept 10] and Allan Marquand’s [Dec 10] device of RFC 791 Released 1886. For other logic machines, ILLIAC I Runs see those by Stanhope [Aug 3] Sept. 1, 1981 and Pastore [Nov 13]. Sept. 1, 1952 Prev: [Nov 27] Next: [Jan 1] The ILLIAC I (Illinois Automatic Computer) was an early von

RFC 791 defines Internetwork A format war was averted after right marketing and software, Protocol version 4 (or IPv4), one representatives of twelve won out. of the core networking protocols hardware manufacturers of the Internet. It was first (including DEC, Microsoft, deployed by the ARPANET on Hitachi, and Apple) gathered at [Jan 1] 1983. the High Sierra Hotel and Casino The Mercury near Lake Tahoe in Nov. 1985. However, it wasn't always a star. The High Sierra Group (HSG) Project When the ARPANET went live proposed the High Sierra Format on [Oct 29] 1969, file transfer, Sept. 1, 1994 (HSF), which was accepted as an remote login, and email were international standard on this The Mercury Project was a robot supported by the NCP (Network day. arm ﬁtted with a camera and a Control Protocol). pneumatic hose, positioned over The venue (currently called the However, NCP was quite a sandbox containing buried "Hard Rock Hotel and Casino") resource hungry and complex, items. A user could remotely was originally the Sahara Tahoe, and in 1973, Vinton Cerf [June move the arm via a Web page where Elvis performed regularly 23] and Robert Kahn [Dec 23] interface to a particular spot from 1971 to 1976. began working on a new above the sand, and shoot a networking protocol, which they short burst of compressed air called TCP (Transmission from the hose to clear away the Control Protocol) [Sept 9]. Atari Lynx sand. The task was to identify all the buried artifacts, which Kahn and Cerf’s work went Sept. 1, 1989 collectively related to a 19th through three revisions after century text, and thereby deduce The Atari [June 27] Lynx was the their original [May 5] 1974 its name. paper (that's why its IP version first 16-bit handheld game 4). It was only in version 3 that console to use a color LCD. The Mercury was the first tele- TCP was split into TCP/IP. system was also notable for its operated arm connected to the advanced graphics, including Web, and by the start of Feb. IPv4 is deliberately low-level. hardware support for zooming 1995, it had been accessed over For example, it doesn't and sprite transformations. 50,000 times. guarantee the delivery of messages (packets), nor does it The Lynx was developed by two The project leads were Ken assure the proper sequencing of former Amiga [July 23] Goldberg and Michael Mascha. packets or the avoidance of designers, R. J. Mical and Dave Goldberg went on to create the duplicate delivery. These Needle, and originally called the Telegarden in June 1995, aspects are instead "Handy Game". another robot arm with a addressed by higher level webcam, mounted above a protocols, such as TCP. trough of soil. The objective this time was to plant seeds TCP/IP use of 32-bit and water them. In its first addresses seemed year, over 9000 people reasonable back in the cultivated plants. 1970s (it provides approximately 4.3 billion Earlier Web systems different names), but typically involved just a concerns about them An Atari Lynx. Photo by webcam, to watch coffee running out grew in the early Tjansen. pots [Nov 22], fish tanks [Aug 1990s, even before the Web was 00], coke machines [?? 1982], invented. IPv6 [Dec 00] was the and a hot tub [Dec 3]. result, with 128-bit addresses, Its main competitor was the which offers around 8×1028 Nintendo Game Boy [April 21], times more names than IPv4. which had been released a few months earlier. However, the imHalal.com Lynx offered superior technology, so much so that one Sept. 1, 2009 reviewer said that the Lynx CD-ROMs for PCs AZS Media Group, a Dutch “throws the Game Boy into the company, launched the world’s Sept. 1, 1988 prehistoric age.” first Islamic search engine, At the 1980s progressed, Atari reported sales of 90% of ImHalal.com. Compact Discs [Aug 17] were the 50,000 units it had shipped The search engine differentiated being used ever more frequently in the launch month. between material that was to store data, but every CD-ROM Unfortunately, Atari’s poor “halal” (allowed) and “haram” maker was offering their own marketing and lackluster third- (forbidden) in Islam. For storage method. party support spelt eventual instance, the engine didn’t index doom. The Game Boy, with the images that contained nudity or

portrayals of the prophet Muhammad. The site was closed in 2011 due to financial difficulties.