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Crusaders and Georgia: a Critical Approach to Georgian Historiography1
David Tinikashvili Ilia State University Ioane Kazaryan Unaffiliated researcher Crusaders and Georgia: A Critical Approach to Georgian Historiography1 Keywords: Georgia, Iberia, Crusades, David the Builder (King of Georgia), Jerusalem, Antioch, Roman Church, Pope I. Introduction In the present article we consider military relations between Latins and Georgians (Iberians) in the period of the Crusades. The research draws on Georgian and non-Georgian medieval sources as well as relevant secondary historical publications and reassesses some of the opinions expressed in the works by Georgian researchers. One of the first mentions of Georgians (Iberians2) in the Medieval Latin sources is a letter of a 12th century Latin clergyman, Ansellus, the Cantor of the Holy Sepulchre, addressed to Gallon the Bishop of Paris [Ansellus 1902: 729-732]. However, the major source of information about the Georgians is Historia Orientalis by Jacques de Vitry, bishop of Acre (†1240) [Jacques de Vitry 2008]. The chronicle was written at the time of the Fifth Crusade. Since then Georgians become widely known to Latin authors, who portrayed them 1 The authors are grateful to Dr Peter Halfter for his helpful comments on the article. 2 In this period “Iberia” and “Georgia” were synonyms [Skylitzae 1973: 339, 74-80; 340]. It should be mentioned that when Emperor Basilius arrived in Georgia, it was not eastern but south-western Georgia, which Skylitzae likewise calls Iberia. Besides, under the reign of David the Builder and King Thamar, Georgia (Saqartvelo) was a single kingdom called by the Latins Iberia in the 12th-13th centuries; e.g. crusader G. De Boys writes: “quodde Hiberia quidam Christiani” (“Christians from Iberia”). -
15 Day Georgian Holidays Cultural & Sightseeing Tours
15 Day Georgian Holidays Cultural & Sightseeing Tours Overview Georgian Holidays - 15 Days/14 Nights Starts from: Tbilisi Available: April - October Type: Private multy-day cultural tour Total driving distance: 2460 km Duration: 15 days Tour takes off in the capital Tbilisi, and travels through every corner of Georgia. Visitors are going to sightsee major cities and towns, provinces in the highlands of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus mountains, the shores of the Black Sea, natural wonders of the West Georgia, traditional wine- making areas in the east, and all major historico-cultural monuments of the country. This is very special itinerary and covers almost all major sights in Tbilisi, Telavi, Mtskheta, Kazbegi, Kutaisi, Zugdidi, Mestia, and Batumi. Tour is accompanied by professional and experienced guide and driver that will make your journey smooth, informational and unforgettable. Preview or download tour description file (PDF) Tour details Code: TB-PT-GH-15 Starts from: Tbilisi Max. Group Size: 15 Adults Duration: 15 Days Prices Group size Price per adult Solo 3074 € 2-3 people 1819 € 4-5 people 1378 € 6-7 people 1184 € 8-9 people 1035 € 10-15 people 1027 € *Online booking deposit: 60 € The above prices (except for solo) are based on two people sharing a twin/double room accommodation. 1 person from the group will be FREE of charge if 10 and more adults are traveling together Child Policy 0-1 years - Free 2-6 years - 514 € *Online booking deposit will be deducted from the total tour price. As 7 years and over - Adult for the remaining sum, you can pay it with one of the following methods: Bank transfer - in Euro/USD/GBP currency, no later than two weeks before the tour starts VISA/Mastercard - in GEL (local currency) in Tbilisi only, before the tour starts, directly to your guide via POS terminal. -
On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi
Official Digitized Version by Victoria Arakelova; with errata fixed from the print edition ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI YEREVAN SERIES FOR ORIENTAL STUDIES Edited by Garnik S. Asatrian Vol.1 SIAVASH LORNEJAD ALI DOOSTZADEH ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies Yerevan 2012 Siavash Lornejad, Ali Doostzadeh On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi Guest Editor of the Volume Victoria Arakelova The monograph examines several anachronisms, misinterpretations and outright distortions related to the great Persian poet Nezami Ganjavi, that have been introduced since the USSR campaign for Nezami‖s 800th anniversary in the 1930s and 1940s. The authors of the monograph provide a critical analysis of both the arguments and terms put forward primarily by Soviet Oriental school, and those introduced in modern nationalistic writings, which misrepresent the background and cultural heritage of Nezami. Outright forgeries, including those about an alleged Turkish Divan by Nezami Ganjavi and falsified verses first published in Azerbaijan SSR, which have found their way into Persian publications, are also in the focus of the authors‖ attention. An important contribution of the book is that it highlights three rare and previously neglected historical sources with regards to the population of Arran and Azerbaijan, which provide information on the social conditions and ethnography of the urban Iranian Muslim population of the area and are indispensable for serious study of the Persian literature and Iranian culture of the period. ISBN 978-99930-69-74-4 The first print of the book was published by the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies in 2012. -
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G. Phd, Mphil, Dclinpsychol) at the University of Edinburgh
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Desire for Perpetuation: Fairy Writing and Re-creation of National Identity in the Narratives of Walter Scott, John Black, James Hogg and Andrew Lang Yuki Yoshino A Thesis Submitted to The University of Edinburgh for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English Literature 2013 Abstract This thesis argues that ‘fairy writing’ in the nineteenth-century Scottish literature serves as a peculiar site which accommodates various, often ambiguous and subversive, responses to the processes of constructing new national identities occurring in, and outwith, post-union Scotland. It contends that a pathetic sense of loss, emptiness and absence, together with strong preoccupations with the land, and a desire to perpetuate the nation which has become state-less, commonly underpin the wide variety of fairy writings by Walter Scott, John Black, James Hogg and Andrew Lang. -
Wiccan Handbook
DPC DRAGON PALM CIRCLE Wiccan Handbook WiccanHandbook DRAGON PALM CIRCLE Wiccan Handbook Dragon Palm Circle Sevierville, TN 4th Edition July 2002 Compiled by Dreamweaver 1st edition January 1998 2nd edition March 2000 3rd edition August 2001 Table of Contents Introduction i Day 17 Lunar Magick 17 C H A P T E R 1 Lunar Cycles 17 Wiccan Rede 1 Lunar Month 18 Blessing for a Child 2 Witches Rune 2 Witches Creed 2 Charge of the Goddess 3 C H A P T E R 2 Signs 5 Number, planets, and signs 5 Number system for letters 6 C H A P T E R 3 Wiccan Rede 7 Three Fold Law 7 Wiccan Code of Chivalry 7 C H A P T E R 4 Calling Quarters 10 C H A P T E R 5 Colors 12 C H A P T E R 6 Herbs, stones, and colors 13 Eleminals 16 C H A P T E R 7 Introduction This is a book of information that include laws, poems, and what different things mean. This book is not a book to learn Wicca, but a handbook that contains some things that can be useful in putting together spells and rituals. The Wiccan Handbook This handbook has been put together to give you information you may need in forming rituals and participating in rituals. This will not include everything, but enough to get you started. Note about edition: Items are added and taken away depending upon the usefulness of the items. This is a good book to have in Circles for the Rede and Rune. -
PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL of KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N O 27 — 2017 2
1 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N o 27 — 2017 2 E DITOR- IN-CHIEF David KOLBAIA S ECRETARY Sophia J V A N I A EDITORIAL C OMMITTEE Jan M A L I C K I, Wojciech M A T E R S K I, Henryk P A P R O C K I I NTERNATIONAL A DVISORY B OARD Zaza A L E K S I D Z E, Professor, National Center of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Alejandro B A R R A L – I G L E S I A S, Professor Emeritus, Cathedral Museum Santiago de Compostela Jan B R A U N (†), Professor Emeritus, University of Warsaw Andrzej F U R I E R, Professor, Universitet of Szczecin Metropolitan A N D R E W (G V A Z A V A) of Gori and Ateni Eparchy Gocha J A P A R I D Z E, Professor, Tbilisi State University Stanis³aw L I S Z E W S K I, Professor, University of Lodz Mariam L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emerita, Tbilisi State University Guram L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emeritus, Tbilisi State University Marek M ¥ D Z I K (†), Professor, Maria Curie-Sk³odowska University, Lublin Tamila M G A L O B L I S H V I L I, Professor, National Centre of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Lech M R Ó Z, Professor, University of Warsaw Bernard OUTTIER, Professor, University of Geneve Andrzej P I S O W I C Z, Professor, Jagiellonian University, Cracow Annegret P L O N T K E - L U E N I N G, Professor, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena Tadeusz Ś W I Ę T O C H O W S K I (†), Professor, Columbia University, New York Sophia V A S H A L O M I D Z E, Professor, Martin-Luther-Univerity, Halle-Wittenberg Andrzej W O Ź N I A K, Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 3 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES No 27 — 2017 (Published since 1991) CENTRE FOR EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES FACULTY OF ORIENTAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW WARSAW 2017 4 Cover: St. -
Istanbul Bids Final Farewell to Mesrob II
MARCH 23, 2019 Mirror-SpeTHE ARMENIAN ctator Volume LXXXIX, NO. 35, Issue 4579 $ 2.00 NEWS The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 INBRIEF Guns Used by New Zealand Terrorist Had Armenian, Georgian Writing YEREVAN (Armenpress) — Armenia’s Foreign Ministry was in contact with the authorities of New Zealand regarding the note in Armenian and other languages found on one of the weapons used for the attack on the two mosques in the city of Christchurch, on Friday, March 15, MFA spokesper- son Anna Naghdalyan noted. “We are in contact with New Zealand’s relevant authorities on all issues linked with the incident,” Naghdalyan said. Brenton Tarrant, a 28-year-old Australian, was charged with the deadly attacks on two mosques in the city, which killed 50 and injured as many. One of the weapons used for the attack on the two mosques in New Zealand was covered with notes in different languages, including Armenian and Georgian, the videos released from the incident show. The Georgian state security service has already The funeral of Armenian Patriarch Mesrob II reacted to these reports, stating that it is cooperat- ing with its partners. The gun covered in white lettering featured the names of King Davit Agmashenebeli and Prince Istanbul Bids Final Farewell to Mesrob II David Soslan, the second husband of Queen Tamar, in Georgian, the Battle of Kagul 1770 (Russian- ISTANBUL (Public Radio of Armenia) referred to the Sisli Armenian cemetery in Zeytinburnu district on March 8 where he Turkish war) and the Battle of Bulair 1913 were — Archbishop Mesrob II Mutafyan, the 84th an area designated for patriarchs for burial. -
This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from Explore Bristol Research
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: O Lynn, Aidan Anthony Title: Ghosts of War and Spirits of Place Spectral Belief in Early Modern England and Protestant Germany General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. Ghosts of Place and Spirits of War: Spectral Belief in Early Modern England and Protestant Germany Aidan Anthony O’Lynn A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts School of History August 2018 Word Count: 79950 i Abstract This thesis focuses on themes of place and war in the development of ghostlore in Early Modern Protestant Germany and England. -
A Reconsideration of Some Fourth-Century British Mosaics
Originalveroffentlichung in: Britannia 11, 1980, S. 289-301 A Reconsideration of some Fourth-Century British Mosaics By REINHARD STUPPERICH oman Britain in late antiquity is an area of special interest to the archaeologist, because life was flourishing peacefully there at a time when we hear about disorder and destruc R tion afflicting the nearby provinces on the continent. Nevertheless - and this perhaps increases the interest - we know very little about cultural life, about the state of education and knowledge in the British provinces at this time. The Channel, which protected Britain from the majority of the invaders, might seem to have had its effect also on the cultural influx from Gaul. The literary sources, which very seldom mention Britain after the Severi, provide scarcely any useful information. There is virtually no one prominent in literary or even political life known to have come from Britain. Nor do we know anything about the cultural effect of the court of the British usurpers or of the presence of Constantius Chlorus and his son Constantine.1 A. A. Barrett has recently considered this problem and has rehearsed all the quotations and reminiscences which give evidence of the influence of classical literature in Britain.2 This is very helpful, but is too restrictive for the general question of the degree of education to be found in fourth-century Britain. One has to look for more than purely literary reflections, for other traces indicating knowledge ultimately derived from traditional education or the reading of classical authors. A wider formulation of the question will necessarily lead to a less precise yet nonetheless interesting answer. -
Kvemo Kartli Üzrə
Müvəkkil 1 M№6 (12) İyun 2014 üvəkkil VƏTƏNDAŞ CƏMİYYƏTİ - CƏMİYYƏT MARAĞI AVROPA BİRLİYİ VƏ GÜRCÜSTAN- 2 ASOSİYASİYA HAQQINDA RAZILIQ- SUALLAR VƏ CAVABLAR YERLİ BƏLƏDİYYƏ VƏ RAYON İCRA 3 HAKİMİYYƏTİNƏ SEÇKİLƏR ƏRƏFƏSİNDƏ... NGOs ADDRESS TO THE SELF-REGULATORY 4 BODY OF KAVKASIA TV CHANNEL GÜRCÜSTAN AZƏRBAYCANLILARI 5 ALLAHIN ÜMİDİNƏ QALIB ГРУЗИНСКАЯ МЕЧТА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЦЕВ 6 2013-cü ildə Ümumi Səhiyyənin Qorunmasının Dövlət proqramının altkomponentləri ilə nəzərdə tutulmuş 7 xidmətin təşkil edilməsi üçün qeydiyyat haqqında ərizə formasının doldurulması və təqdim edilməsi qaydası KAXETİ BÖLGƏSİNDƏ SAQARECO RAYONUNU QARAÇÖP 8 MAHALINDA YAŞAYAN AZƏRBAYCANLILARIN SOSİAL-İQDİSADİ, MİLLİ-MƏNƏVİ VƏ TƏHSİL PROBLEMLƏRİNİN VƏZİYƏTİ SİYASİ PARTİYALARIN NAMİZƏDLƏR 9 HAQQINDA MƏLUMAT BORÇALI – KVEMO KARTLİ ÜZRƏ Majoritar namizədlər haqqında məlumat 18 Borçalı – Kvemo Kartli üzrə MRMG №12 Human Rights Monitoring Group of Ethnic Minorities 2 Müvəkkil AVROPA BİRLİYİ VƏ GÜRCÜSTAN-ASOSİYASİYA HAQQINDA RAZILIQ-SUALLAR VƏ CAVABLAR Razılıq Gürcüstana təklif edir: idarəçilik Doğrudurmu ki, “Asosiyasiya haqqında razılıq” standartlarını Avropa Birliyinin idarəçilik qüvvəyə minəndən sonra Avropa Birliyində təhsil standartları üzərində qursun, eləcədə Avropa Birliyi almaq mümkün olacaq? vətandaşlarımn olduğu kimi seçimləri olsun. Bu konkret məsələ razılıqda verilməyib. Ancaq, “Asosiyasiya haqqında razılıq” Gürcüstan Avropa Birliyinin maliyyəsi ilə artıq xüsusi demokratiyasına necə kömək edecək? ümumtəhsil proqramları fəaliyyət göstərir, hansı Razılıq deyir ki, Gürcüstan -
Packet 4.Pdf
Pre-ICT and Nationals Open/Minnesota Open 2019 (PIANO/MO): “What about bad subject matter? Or a bad title drop, even? That could kill a tournament pretty good.” Written and edited by Jacob Reed, Adam Silverman, Sam Bailey, Michael Borecki, Stephen Eltinge, Adam S. Fine, Jason Golfinos, Matt Jackson, Wonyoung Jang, Michael Kearney, Moses Kitakule, Shan Kothari, Chloe Levine, John Marvin, and Derek So, with Joey Goldman and Will Holub-Moorman. Packet 4 Tossups 1. The original designs for a highway in this city involved the destruction of its namesake Life Insurance Company, its largest black-owned business. Bill Dedman won the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for the series “The Color of Money” about redlining in this city. Its redlining was also described in Kevin Kruse’s White Flight. This city tripled in size under its 1952 “Plan of Improvement,” though it never annexed Sandy Springs, a community founded during the “cityhood” movement in its suburbs. This city was supposedly “too (*) busy to hate” while its white majority was being maintained by Mayor William Hartsfield. In a 1964 Supreme Court case, the use of the Commerce Clause to implement the Civil Rights Act was upheld after a motel in this city refused to take black customers. In the ‘60s and 70s, many whites moved to Fulton, Gwinnett, and DeKalb counties from—for 10 points—what Georgia city? ANSWER: Atlanta [accept Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States] <MB> 2. At the end of a story by this author, the narrator says that he considers another man’s confusion to be “quite my revenge,” following a disappointing conversation with Drayton Deane. -
Greek Mythology
Greek mythology Mythical characters Gods and goddesses Zeus is the king of the gods, ruler of Mount Olympus and god of the sky. His name means ‘bright’ or ‘sky’. His royal animals are the eagle and bull. Zeus’s favourite weapon is a lightning bolt made for him by the Cyclops. Zeus can be a greedy and dishonest god. If he desires something, he is unlikely to let anything stop him from gaining it. Because of this, he often lies about his behaviour to Hera, his wife. Hera is the queen of the gods and wife of Zeus. She is the goddess of women, marriage, childbirth, heirs, kings and empires. She often carries a lotus- tipped staff. Hera never forgets an insult or injury and can be cruel or vengeful. Poseidon is the god of rivers, seas, floods, droughts and earthquakes. Brother to Zeus, he is the king of the sea and protector of all waters. Poseidon carries a trident: a spear with three points. His sacred animals are the dolphin and the horse. Athena is the goddess of wisdom, intelligence, skill, peace and warfare. According to legend, she was born out of Zeus’s forehead fully formed and fully armoured. She looks over heroes such as Odysseus and Hercules. Athena is often accompanied by a sacred owl. Her symbol is the olive tree. KS2 | Page 1 copyright 2019 Greek mythology Gods and goddesses Aphrodite is the goddess of love and beauty, who can cause gods or mortals to fall in love with whomever she chooses. Aphrodite’s sacred animals include doves and sparrows.