PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL of KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N O 27 — 2017 2

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PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL of KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N O 27 — 2017 2 1 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N o 27 — 2017 2 E DITOR- IN-CHIEF David KOLBAIA S ECRETARY Sophia J V A N I A EDITORIAL C OMMITTEE Jan M A L I C K I, Wojciech M A T E R S K I, Henryk P A P R O C K I I NTERNATIONAL A DVISORY B OARD Zaza A L E K S I D Z E, Professor, National Center of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Alejandro B A R R A L – I G L E S I A S, Professor Emeritus, Cathedral Museum Santiago de Compostela Jan B R A U N (†), Professor Emeritus, University of Warsaw Andrzej F U R I E R, Professor, Universitet of Szczecin Metropolitan A N D R E W (G V A Z A V A) of Gori and Ateni Eparchy Gocha J A P A R I D Z E, Professor, Tbilisi State University Stanis³aw L I S Z E W S K I, Professor, University of Lodz Mariam L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emerita, Tbilisi State University Guram L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emeritus, Tbilisi State University Marek M ¥ D Z I K (†), Professor, Maria Curie-Sk³odowska University, Lublin Tamila M G A L O B L I S H V I L I, Professor, National Centre of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Lech M R Ó Z, Professor, University of Warsaw Bernard OUTTIER, Professor, University of Geneve Andrzej P I S O W I C Z, Professor, Jagiellonian University, Cracow Annegret P L O N T K E - L U E N I N G, Professor, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena Tadeusz Ś W I Ę T O C H O W S K I (†), Professor, Columbia University, New York Sophia V A S H A L O M I D Z E, Professor, Martin-Luther-Univerity, Halle-Wittenberg Andrzej W O Ź N I A K, Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 3 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES No 27 — 2017 (Published since 1991) CENTRE FOR EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES FACULTY OF ORIENTAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW WARSAW 2017 4 Cover: St. Mamai, Gelati Tondo (silver, gilt silver), 11th century © by Pro Georgia. Journal of Kartvelological Studies, Warsaw 2017 © by Centre for East European Studies, Warsaw 2017 EDITORIAL ADDRESS Centre for East European Studies University of Warsaw Pa³ac Potockich, Krakowskie Przedmieœcie 26/28 PL 00-927 Warsaw tel. 48 22 55 22 555, fax 48 22 55 22 222 e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] PRINTING: Duo Studio ISSN 1230-1604 Edition of 500 Copies The printed version is the basic version of the journal CONTENTS 5 I. ARTICLES AND STUDIES LEONTI MROWELI, Żywoty królów gruzińskich. Z języka starogruziń- skiego przełożył i komentarzem opatrzył David Kolbaia ................ 8 BERNARD OUTTIER, An Atypical Translator from Armenian to Georgian? .............................................................................................. 155 JOST GIPPERT, Kartvelology in the Digital Age: On the Trail of Mzečabuk. .......................................................................................... 163 OSKAR KUBRAK, Stone Projectiles from Roman Fort Apsaros, Georgia .................................................................................................. 191 GIORGI ALIBEGASHVILI, Georgian Monastery of Mount Athos .......... 209 IRMA MAKARADZE & TAMAR MELIKIDZE, Specific Features - The Main Characters of Rustaveli’s “The Man in the Panther Skin” ............. 217 KETEVAN MANIA, Deda Ena as Symbol of Georgian Identity According to Iakob Gogebashvili’s Letters ............................. 225 II. MATERIALS, DOCUMENTS, MEMOIRES OTAR JANELIDZE, Three States in One City .......................................... 239 GIORGI SOSIASHVILI, The Oppression of the Georgian Population in Tskhinvali Region During the First Years of Soviet Occupation ..... 253 MAKA KHUTSISHVILI, The Unknown Fate of Melania Wohl-Lewicka, Polish Prima Donna of Tbilisi .............................................................. 265 LALI TSOMAIA, New Materials Concerning Secret Operations of the “Caucasian Group” in 1938-1939 ................................... 279 III. REVIEWS AND COMMENTAIRES NINO JANASHVILI, Engraved Depictions in Bronze (Georgian National Museum) .............................................................................. 291 IV. CHRONICLE IN MEMORIAM, Jan Braun (1926-2015) ................................................ 297 6 7 IAKOB GOGEBASHVILI (1840 –1912) Photograph from the Archive of the National Parliamentary Library of Georgia 8 cxovreba qarTuelTa mefeTa leonti mroveli cxovreba qarTuelTa mefeTa viwyo moTxrobad cxovrebasa qarTuelTa mefeTasa da pirvelTaganTa mamaTa da naTesavTa teqsti Zveli qarTulidan polonur enaze Targmna da komentarebi daurTo daviT yolbaiam [Tavi pirveli] [ambavi rvaTa ZmaTa] pirvelad vaÃsenoT ese, rameTu somexTa da qarTvelTa, ranTa da movaknelTa, herTa da lekTa, megrelTa da kavkasianTa - amaT TÂsTa erTi iyo mama, saxeliT Targamos. ese Targamos iyo Ze TarSisi, Zis- wuli iafeTisi, Zisa noesi. da iyo ese Targamos kaci gmiri. da Semdgo- 5 mad ganyofisa enaTasa, odes aRaSenes babilons godoli, da ganeyvnes mun enani da ganibnines muniT yovelsa queyanasa. da warmovida ese Tar- gamos naTesaviT-urT misiT, da daemkÂdra orTa maT mTaTa Sua kacSeu- valTa, araratsa da masissa. da iyo naTesavi misi didi da uricxÂ, rame- Tu esxnes colmraval Zeni da asulni, da Svilni da SvilisSvilni ZeTa 10 da asulTa misTani, rameTu cxovnda igi equsas wel. da verRara itevda queyana araratisa da masisisa. xolo queyana igi, romeli wiliT xdomoda, ese ars sazRvari quey- anisa misisa: aRmosavliT zRua gurgenisa, dasavliT zRua pontosa, da samxriT zRua oreTisa, da CrdiloT mTa kavkasia. 15 xolo SvilTa Soris misTa gamoCndes kacni rvani, gmirni Zlier- ni da saxelovanni, romelTa saxelebi ese ars: pirvelsa erqua haos, meoresa qarTlos, mesamesa bardos, meoTxesa movakan, mexuTesa lek, meequsesa heros, meSvidesa kavkas, mervesa egros. ese rvani iyvnes gmirni. xolo haos umetes gmiri iyo yovelTasa, rameTu egeviTari 20 araodes yofil iyo arca wylis-rRunis winaT da arca Semdgomad tani- Ta, ZaliTa da simÃniTa. Pro Georgia, 2017, t. 25, s. 8-154 9 ARTICLES AND STUDIES Leonti Mroweli ŻYWOTY KRÓLÓW GRUZIŃSKICH ROZPOCZNĘ OPOWIEŚĆ O ŻYWOTACH KRÓLÓW GRUZIŃSKICH OJCÓW I O ICH POTOMSTWIE Z języka starogruzińskiego przełożył i komentarzem opatrzył David Kolbaia [ROZDZIAŁ PIERWSZY] [Opowieść o ośmiu braciach] Na początku przypomnimy, że Ormianie1 i Kartwelowie, mieszkańcy Ranu2 i Mowakanu,3 Herowie4 i Lakowie,5 Megrelowie6 i Kaukazczycy,7 wszyscy ci bracia mieli jednego ojca o imieniu Targamos.8 Ów Targamos był synem Tarszisa, wnukiem Jafeta, syna Noego. I był Targamos mocarzem. Gdy potomkowie Noego zbudowali wieżę w Babilonie9 i języki zostały podzielone, a budowniczowie wieży rozproszyli się po całym świecie, wyruszył ów Tar- gamos ze swym ludem i osiadł między dwiema niedostępnymi dla człowieka górami – Ararat i Masis. Jego lud był ogromny i niezliczony, miał on bowiem synów z żonami i córki, dzieci i wnuki od swych synów i córek, a przeżył on sześćset lat. I nie mieściła ich wszystkich ziemia Araratu i Masisu.10 Bowiem kraj znajdujący się pod panowaniem Targamosa miał następujące granice: od wschodu – Morze Gurganskie,11 od zachodu – Morze Pontyjskie12, od południa – Góry Oreti,13 od północy – góry Kaukaz. Wśród synów Targamosa wyróżniało się ośmiu – potężnych i sławnych hero- sów. Imiona ich były następujące: pierwszego nazywali Haos,14 drugiego – Kar- tlos,15 trzeciego – Bardos,16 czwartego – Mowakan,17 piątego – Lek,18 szóstego – Heros,19 siódmego – Kawkas,20 ósmego – Egros.21 Wszyscy oni byli bohatera- mi, ale Haos był bohaterem, który przewyższał swych braci tym, że nie było mu równych - ani do potopu, ani nigdy później - w budowie ciała, sile i męstwie. Jak góry Ararat i Masis rozdzielały plemię, tak i Targamos podzielił kraj i plemię swoje pomiędzy ośmiu herosów. Połowę plemienia i najlep- szą część swego kraju oddał on Haosowi, a pozostałych siedmiu synów 10 cxovreba qarTuelTa mefeTa xolo verRara itevda queyana araratisa da masisisa, ganuyo Targamos queyana da naTesavi TÂsi rvaTa amaT gmirTa: naxevari naTesavisa misisa da naxevari da umjobesi queyanisa misisa misca haoss, xolo SÂdTa amaT misca xuedri maTi arZangebisaebr maTisa: warmoiyvanna SÂdni igi CrdiloT ke- 5 rZo da ganuyvnna queyanani Rirsebisaebr maTisa misca qarTloss da uCi- na sazRvari: aRmosavliT hereTi da mdinare berdujisi; dasavliT zRua pontosi; samxriT mTa, romeli mihyvebis berdujis mdinaris Tavsa, da mTa, romeli mihyvebis dasavliT kerZo, romlisa wyali gardmodis CrdiloT kerZo da mierTvis mtkuarsa, romel mihyvebis mTa Soris klarjeTsa da 10 taos vidre zRuamdis; da CrdiloT sazRvari Rado, mTa mcire, romeli gamovlis Stod kavkasisagan da mohkidavs wueri dasasrulsa Radosa, ro- melsa aw hqvan lixi. da amaT sazRvarTa saSual misca yoveli qarTloss. xolo bardoss misca mtkuars samÃriT, berdujis mdinariTgan vidre sada Sekrbebian mtkuari da raÃsi. aman bardos aRaSena qalaqi bardavi 15 da daeSena mun. xolo movakans misca mtkuarsa CrdiloT, mcirisa alaznisa SesaTaviT- gan vidre zRuamde. da aman aRaSena qalaqi movakneTi, da daemkÂdra mun. xolo heross misca queyana mtkurisa CrdiloT, mcirisa alaznisa SesarTaviTgan vidre tyetbamde, romelsa aw hqÂan gulgula. da aman 20 heros aRaSena pirvelad qalaqi SesakrebelTa Soris orTave alazanTa- sa. da uwoda saxeli TÂsi hereTi. da mis gamo hqÂan hereTsa hereTi. da aw mas adgilsa hqÂan xoranTa. xolo egross misca queyana zRÂs yurisa, da uCina sazRvari: aRmosavliT mTa mcire. romelsa aw hqÂan lixi; dasavliT zRua; [CrdiloT] mdinare 25 mcirisa xazareTisa, sada warswuTebis wueri kavkasisa. xolo aman egros aRaSena qalaqi da uwoda saxeli TÂsi egrisi. aw mas adgilsa hqÂan bedia. xolo kavkasiaTa CrdiloT ara iyo xuedri Targamosisa, aramed arca iyo kaci kavkasiasa CrdiloT; da umkÂdro iyo queyana igi ka- vkasiiTgan vidre mdinaremde didad, romeli Sesdis zRuasa darubandi- 30 sasa. amisTÂs gamoiyvanna
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