DES PLAINES FIRE DEPARTMENT New Developments

2/6/2014

1. Laminated fluid specs on the rigs 2. Maintenance repair request updates 3. FDC hose packs in service 4. New locations for reserve apparatus 5. Vehicle color code change 6. Removal of all 1 hour packs ENGINEER PROGRAM 7. Both Trucks respond to Pin‐ins Lt.’s Palenik, Gross, Owen, Butenschoen

8. 6 cones per rig per roadway policy 1. FH code‐ PUMPREF1 to log todays class 9. Slope evac. bag added to Trucks 2. Review Power Point 10. Engineer policy revisions 3. Review new developments 4. Review class A foam 4. Hydraulics problem solving

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Trigate = 10psi

FDC Hose Pack = 10psi

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 Ambulance 74 – Station 3 61‐Blue 62‐Orange 63‐Yellow  Engine 64 – Station 1 64‐White 65‐Green 81‐Black  Truck 84 – Station 3  Ambulance 75 – Station 2 New color codes  Engine 65 –EMA garage 83‐Red 84‐Light Blue  Squad 55 –EMA garage 

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Communications WATER MEASUREMENTS

1. Positions vs Names 1 cubic ft. of water weighs? ? lbs. 2. Terms‐ Shut down, idle down, 1 cubic ft. of water contains ? cubic in. Good hydrant, positive water. 1 cubic ft. of water contains ? gallons 3. Engineer calls when he’s ready to be 1 gallon of water weighs ? lbs. relayed to 1 gallon of water contains ? cubic in. 4. Use Class A system , valuable tool. 1 gallon of water converts to approx. 200 cu/ft of steam

HEAD & ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

1 ft. of water exerts a back pressure of ? psi 1 psi will elevate water? ? ft. Atmospheric pressure at sea level = ? psi Maximum lift = 34’ Practical = 20’ (Atmospheric pressure)(Number of ft. each psi lifts water) 1” mercury = ? lift

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AVAILABLE WATER FROM A HYDRANT ESTIMATING WATER AVAILABLE

1. Note static reading 2. Note drop after discharging first line 3. Multiply the drop the first line by the square of velocity to see if the original flow may be doubled, tripled, etc. 4. Multiply by 4 if doubling flow 5. Multiply by 9 if tripling flow 6. Multiply by 16 if quadrupling flow 7. Multiply by 25 if quintupling flow

ESTIMATING WATER AVAILABLE

• Subtract total drop from original static 1. How can it be done? Options pressure, but do not take Compound Gauge lower than 10 psi. 2. When should it be done? • Product from #3 and your original flow rate will determine total flow • Assume 50 static in Des Plaines

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PUMP TESTS CERTIFICATION TESTS

Pre‐service tests – Certification tests ( acceptance) Service tests Pump tests

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PUMP TESTS NET ENGINE PRESSURE

Net engine pressure (NEP) is the measurement of the total work performed by the pump – To lift water into the pump – Discharge water from the pump Allowances are made for – Friction loss in intake hose – Height of lift

NEP OF A POSITIVE PRESSURE PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE WATER SOURCE

N.E.P. = Suction side work + Discharge • No work is being performed on the side work suction side of the pump Pump discharge pressure (PDP) = • Incoming pressure added to the discharge NEP ‐ Suction side work pressure, produced by the pump, produces the total discharge pressure NEP = PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE (PDP) ‐ INTAKE PRESSURE (IP)

ANGLE OF DEFLECTION & HAND LINES/MASTER STREAMS EFFECTIVE REACH

• Handlines flows up to 350 GPM • Two variables • Master streams flows over 350 GPM • Air resistance • Nozzle Pressures • Gravity • Smooth Bore • Air resistance increases at an accelerated • Handline = 50 psi or 75psi • Master = 80 psi rate as the pressure is raised with the • Fogs (combination) same tip • Handline = 50psi or 75psi • Master = 100psi

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ANGLE OF DEFLECTION & Formula for measuring EFFECTIVE REACH penetration into building?

• Greater horizontal reach occurs at elevations  Feet from building / # of floors of 30‐34 degrees • Maximum effective vertical reach of fire stream occurs at 60 ‐ 75 degrees • 3rd floor may be said to be the highest floor to which streams may be thrown effectively from street level • Moderated head & tail winds decrease reach 10% to 15%

ONE EIGHTH (1/8”) RULE SOLID STREAM NOZZLES Hand Lines 50 psi nozzle pressure • 1/8” change in nozzle diameter at 50 psi nozzle pressure changes the flow by 1” 200 approximately 50 GPM • 1/8” change in nozzle diameter at 80 psi 1 1/8” 250 (or 75psi on handline) nozzle pressure changes the flow by approximately 100 1 ¼” 300 GPM up to and including 2” tip

SOLID STREAM NOZZLES SOLID STREAM NOZZLES Master stream 80 psi nozzle pressure Master stream 80 psi nozzle pressure (gpm) (gpm) 1 ¼” 400 (75 psi handline) 1 5/8” 700

13/8” 500 1¾” 800

1 ½” 600 1 7/8” 900

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FRICTION LOSS FOR 100 FT OF HOSE FRICTION LOSS FOR 100 FT OF HOSE

Q= gpm divided by 100 3”hose FL +(2Q2 + Q) X .4

2 2” hose FL = (2Q2 + Q) X 3 4” hose FL = (2Q + Q) X .1 5” hose FL =(2Q2 + Q) X .03 2 ½” hose FL =(2Q2 + Q)

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FRICTION LOSS per 100’ FIELD HYDRAULICS

• DPFD 2 “ is ? psi at 160 GPM • 250 GPM fog nozzle on a 2 1/2” line = ? • DPFD 2 ” is ? psi at 200 GPM lbs. per 100’ friction loss? • DPFD 2 “ is ? psi at 250 GPM • 160 GPM through 2 ½”= ? 3”= ? (amb 73) • What nozzle/pack should NOT have a stream shaper on it?

ELEVATION APPLIANCES

• Add 5 psi for each floor of elevation • Add ? psi for standpipe system & siamese (exclude one floor) • Add ? psi for gated wyes & siamese • Subtract 5 lbs. for each floor below grade • Add ? psi for relay operations • Add ? psi for deluge gun

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Snorkel Operations

Three questions to ask? – Pump or saddle – Size tip (GPM) – Loss factor- includes piping, gun and saddle 6”waterway = 35 4” waterway = 80 (desirable climbing angles = 35 to 80 degrees) Add 25 psi for elevation Add 80 for NP

SPRINKLER SYSTEMS Pressure reducing valves • Combination Sprinkler systems shall be maintained at 150 psi pump discharge pressure. • PIV’s- Everleigh on River Rd set at 130 psi. Why is that? • Check pressure gauge at the wye, give info to your • If heads are flowing and we have 2 inch lines in officer. place, check gauge at wye for correct PSI. • At lower levels you may have to gate the system. • 160gpm = 90psi • Per NFPA 14- PIV’s are required when static • 200gpm = 130psi system pressure is over 175psi. • 250gpm = 140psi • Field adjustable- means nothing to us under fire • At lower floors you may have to gate down outlet, NOT the wye handle conditions.

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HYDRANT RESIDUAL PRESSURE TRANSFER VALVE SETTINGS

• Recommended minimum of 10 psi should • Pump in CAPACITY when you are going to be maintained on the compound gauge discharge over 50% of your pumpers when taking water from a hydrant capacity • Pump in PRESSURE when you are going to have to develop a net pump pressure over 200 psi

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• Discussion • What pressure do Trigates relief at?

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SUPPLY & SUPPORT OF SPINKLERS SUPPLYING A STANDPIPE & STANDPIPES SYSTEM

• Indicators that you are not getting into a sprinkler or standpipe system with a supply line: • The following procedures should be used – In warm, humid weather, lack of condensation on if the fire department connection is not hose coupling usable – Discharge port & hose butt supplying the line is or – Stretch a line from the pumper to a gated outlet becomes warm on the first floor – Lack of drop in residual pressure on the compound – Remove any house lines, reducer connections, gauge as this line is charged and/or pressure reducers – Inability to gate & feather various pressures on – Connect the pumper supply to the discharge the discharge port outlet using a double female adapter

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SUPPLYING A STANDPIPE SYSTEM

• No fire dept. connection cont. – When water is started in the supply line, the outlet valve is opened fully to allow water to flow into the riser – Why do we want to be on positive water versus sending tank water? Are outlets open? broken? – Additional lines can be similarly stretched to hose outlets on other floors

FIRE SERVICE BASIC HYDRAULICS Siamese operations • Siamesing lines is one way of reducing the excessive friction loss created by large volume lines • When it becomes necessary to siamese • Divide the GPM by the number of lines the pump is supplying • Compute the friction loss for 1 line at the reduced GPM flow & disregard the other lines • All that remains is to add either the nozzle pressure if supplying a deluge gun or 20 psi for residual pressure if supplying another Engine • If supplying a deluge gun flowing 800 gpm 400’ from the Engine

EQUAL SIZE LINES UNEQUAL SIZE LINES

• Divide the total GPM by two lines. This will give 400 • Divide the total GPM by two lines, this will GPM through each line give 400 GPM through each line • Compute the friction loss for one line of 3” hose • Compute the friction loss for one line of 2 delivering 400 GPM 1/2” hose delivering 400 GPM – 4 x 4 x 2 + 4 = 36 x .4 = 14.4 or 15 lbs. F.L. per 100’ of hose – 4 x 4 x 2 + 4 = 36 x .4 = 14.4 or 15 lbs. F.L. per 100’ • Multiply the F.L. for 100’ by length of the lay in of hose hundreds of feet – 15 x 4 = 60 psi F.L. for the total lay • Add the Two F.L. answers together & divide • To the 60 lbs. F.L., add 80 lbs. NP + 20 lbs. by two approximate loss for deluge set and this will the – 36 +15 = 51 : 2 = 25.5 lbs. F.L. per 100’ of hose engine discharge pressure

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UNEQUAL SIZE LINES FIRE SERVICE BASIC HYDRAULICS

• Multiply the F.L. for 100’ by the length of • Wye operations the lay in hundreds of feet – Common & are used in one way or another, on – 25 x 4 = 100 lbs. F.L. for the total lay just about any fire of consequence • To the 100 lbs. F.L., add 80 lbs. N.P. + 20 – Uses lbs. approximate F.L. in deluge set • Extend hand lines to the fire where the reach is too long for preconnect • Used for overhaul from 2 1/2” lines rather than laying longer & additional 2’ lines

FRICTION LOSS CALCULATIONS FRICTION LOSS CALCULATIONS • Friction loss factor pre‐piped waterways • When it is necessary to supply a pre‐piped will include the friction loss in the waterway – Piping – Supply the water to the pump inlets, or aerial – Turret gun intake – Intake at the GPM flow provided – When by‐passing the pump & supplying the total • Standard flow for pre‐piped waterways operation you should on DPFD trucks: 1‐3/8”=125, 1‐1/2=130, – Know the size tip that is intended for use in 1‐3/4=145, 2”=165, 2‐1/4”= 185 , Combination order to calculate pressure, determine the = 150psi number of lines required & their diameter

FRICTION LOSS CALCULATIONS ELEVATED STREAMS

• Ways to supply a pre‐piped waterway • Recommended procedures for obtaining – Ladder truck pumps through internal piping to good elevated stream ladder – Nozzle pressure should be 80 psi for solid – Ladder truck pumps through hose into the streams & 100 psi for fog nozzles ladder intake • Each foot of elevation, the weight of – Engine companies pumps into ladder intake water produces a pressure of .434 pounds – Relay to ladder truck pump operator (refer to per square inch relay operations)

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GENERAL OPERATIONS FOR ELEVATED STREAMS CENTRIFUGAL FIRE PUMP

• Good elevated streams are possible if • Designed for a specific duty & ordinarily – Proper size tip or fog nozzle is used for the will perform this duty satisfactorily over a available water supply & pumping capacity long period of time – Sufficient lines or sufficient diameter are run • If pump will not prime or loses prime from pumper to the base of the elevated – Air Leaks apparatus • Faulty Connection – Sufficient pressure is maintained • Faulty pump packing • Leaky pump gaskets

GENERAL OPERATIONS FOR GENERAL OPERATIONS FOR CENTRIFUGAL FIRE PUMP CENTRIFUGAL FIRE PUMP

• Pump will not prime or loses prime cont. • Pump will not prime or loses prime cont. – Detecting air leaks • Dirt in suction screens • Connect suction hose to the pump with a cap on the • Engine speed too low opposite end of the hose • Primer not operated long enough • Close all pump openings • Lack of oil primer reservoir • Opening the priming valve & operate the primer until a • Improper clearance in rotary primer vacuum of from 20‐22 inches of mercury is shown on the • Excess carbon on exhaust primer valve seats vacuum gauge • Defective priming valve • Close the priming valve, shut off the primer, & shut off • High point in suction line the engine • Suction lift too high • End of suction hose not under water

Prime Time HYDRANT COLORS

• 1500 GPM or greater = 45 sec. • 0‐500 (4”) = RED • Less than 1500 GPM =30 sec. • 500 – 1000 (6”) = ORANGE • 1000 > (8”) = GREEN‐ standard install now • 1500 + (10” or >) BLUE • We now have hydrants at 815 Oakton

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Various Numbers Various Numbers (cont.)

• EP for 160 GPM crosslay = • SWP off the tower at 160 GPM = • EP for 200 GPM crosslay = • SWP off the tower at 200 GPM = • EP for piercing nozzle = • 1‐1/8” or Comb. at 50 psi = ? GPM • Eductor intake pressure = • Stairwell Pack at 160 GPM = • 1‐1/8” or Comb. at 75 psi = ? GPM • Stairwell Pack at 200 GPM = • 1‐1/4” at 50 psi = ? GPM • Stairwell Pack at 250 GPM = • 1‐1/4” at 75 psi = ? GPM

RAM NOZZLE Various numbers (cont.)

• 7/8” skid load @ 160 GPM = • 7/8” skid load @ 200 GPM = • 1‐1/8” skid load @ 250 GPM = • 1‐1/8” tip on 200’ of 2 ”= • RAM nozzle @ 400 GPM = • RAM nozzle @ 500 GPM=

Husky Foam System

• Normal Class A ops • Turn foam system “ON” with control switch on Red Husky panel. • Open water discharge valve and begin to flow from hose line.

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Husky Foam System Husky Foam System

3. Normal default is Class A onboard tank • TO SHUT DOWN AFTER CLASS A FOAM @ 0.3%. You are now making foam. • Turn foam system “OFF” with control 4. When beginning overhaul phase, turn switch on Red Husky control panel. the system OFF; use the foam in the hose • Open the water discharge valve on the for mop up. discharge(s) that were used and begin to flow from hose line until water from the hoses runs clear.

Husky Foam System Draft Class B

3. Disengage water pump and open both • Turn foam system “ON” with control manifold drains to relieve any trapped switch on Red Husky control panel (if pressure. system not already in operation). (Have “B” 4. Close manifold drains. The system is buckets and pick-up tube ready) now ready to be put back in service. • Open water discharge valve and begin to • Use the DISPLAY button to scroll flow water. through to “Total Class A Used”. Note amount used and the date in hose book

Draft Class B Shut Down Class B

• Push “MODE” button on Red Husky control • Continue flowing water through discharge(s) panel until “DRAFT CLASS B” comes up, hit used ENTER to make selection. An automatic flush • Draft 5‐gallon bucket of clear water through will occur for 15 seconds. (Water must be foam inlet. flowing to prevent pressure buildup). Put • On display go to “Flush Mode”, push Enter and pickup tube in pail and open foam inlet valve to release. Push Enter a second time and hold. draft foam. • Continue flowing through discharges until they are clear water. (Approx 2 min.) Release Enter • You are now making Class B foam solution. button. Drop down to single discharge line.

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Shut Down Class B Filling Class A Tank

• On Red Husky panel press MODE button until 1. Connect draft hose to Foam Inlet “CLASS A FOAM” appears. Press ENTER. Flow foam discharge (15 second flush will occur) until connection, and open the Foam Inlet foam appears. Shut off Husky 12. Continue valve. Place hose in square (green) Class flowing through discharge until it is again clear A bucket(s) of foam. 2. Turn the yellow selector valve to the TANK • Disengage water pump and open all manifold drains to relieve any trapped pressure. FILL position. (Up) • Close manifold drains (and foam inlet). System is ready to be put back in service.

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Filling Class A Tank Filling Class A Tank

3. Turn foam system “ON” with control 6. Once the tank has reached the upper float switch on Red Husky panel. switch, and automatically shut off the fill 4. Press the MODE button until display reads process, TANK A FULL will briefly appear TANK A FILL. (full tank will read TANK A on the screen and then switch to CHECK FULL) SELECTOR VALVE. 5. Press ENTER. The display should read TANK A FILL.

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Filling Class A Tank Filling Class A Tank

7. Return the yellow selector valve to the 8. Turn off foam system. Take engine out of INJECT MODE position.(Down) pump and drain both manifold drains. • NOTE: To reduce entrance of air into 9. Rinse out pick‐up hose with water. system the operator should be prepared • NOTE: Any time engine is put into pump, to transfer the pick‐up tube from one pail both manifold drains should be relieved to the next before the pail is completely of pressure after system is taken back out empty. of pump.

Foam Calculations Foam Calculations

•HUSKY 10 CAPACITY 1% x 1000 gpm = 10*(depending (10gpm foam concentrate) on plumbing restrictions) • 6%x166gpm=10gpmfoam 0.5% x 2000 gpm = 10* concentrate 0.3% x 3333 gpm = 10* Husky 10 • 3% x 333 gpm = 10 0.3% x 4000 gpm = 10 Husky 12 @0.3%=8,333 gallons finished foam

Know Truck Stuff

• Operational capacities @various grades • Sequence for setting outriggers & leveling • Steps for positioning aerial • Short jacking • Icings effects on capacity • Basket capacity(flowing water‐no water)

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Rig # Water 5” bedded hose T81 300 gal. 200 ft.

T83 400 gal. 200 ft.

T84 200 gal. 300 ft.

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WE ARE PROUD OF OUR ENGINEERS