DOCSLIB.ORG

Review of Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC), Vol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Review of Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC), Vol Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Faculty Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Research and Scholarship 1990 Review of Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC), vol. 4 (Eros-Herakles) Brunilde S. Ridgway Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/arch_pubs Part of the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, and the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Custom Citation Ridgway, Brunilde S. 1990. Review of Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC), vol. 4 (Eros-Herakles). American Journal of Archaeology 94:504-505. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/arch_pubs/43 For more information, please contact [email protected]. 504 BOOK REVIEWS [AJA 94 Over 60 m long and with fine mosaic floors (Albanien127, early Ottomanperiod. Accordingto this Illyrianhypothesis fig. 85), this buildingwas set on fire during the battlebetween the Byzantinebelt-buckles and jewelry amount to no more Alexius I Comnenus and the Norman Robert Guiscardon than a receptionof "external"manufactures. Yet a series of 18 October 1081. detailed studies by V. Popovik (e.g., in Garaganin,op. cit. Much effort has been devoted to the origins and devel- 269-83) leaves it a near certainty that the Komani burials opment of the major native settlements during the pre- represent a Romanizedpopulation survivingin the former Roman period. The results of this work are summarizedby provinceEpirus Nova-in effect the ancient Greek Illyris- Selim Islami in the Clermont-Ferrandvolume (65-69). A and hemmed in on all sides by new Slav settlements, and dry-stone wall enclosing ca. 4.5 ha at Gajtannear Shkodra where in the ninth centurywas to be establishedthe Theme is seen to represent a "pre-"or "proto-"urban settlement of Dyrrachium.As with prehistoryso with the MiddleAges; already established in the fifth century. Similar enclosures the hypotheses forced upon the archaeologicalrecord ap- are known at more than two dozen places, mainly in north- pear devised to sustainsimplistic ideas of a nationalcontinu- ern and central Albania but also around the Korpabasin. ity and identityand do littlejustice to the real achievements The move from this stage to a true urban center is dated in of an outstandinggeneration of Albanianarchaeologists. the South, notably at sites around the lower Aous (Vijosi) J.J. WILKES valleyto the fifth century.In the North the growthof Illyrian "cities"at Lissus (Lezha), Shkodra, and Antipatreia(Berat) INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY is dated to after the middle of the fourth century. Selca e UNIVERSITY COLLEGE Poshteme in the upper Shkumbivalley has been identified LONDON WC1H OPY as Pelion in Dassaretia,a fortified strongholdwell placed for ENGLAND attackingMacedonia, which figures in Alexander'sIllyrian campaign(Arrian 1.5.5). This is the locationof the princely LEXIKON ICONOGRAPHICUMMYTHOLOGIAE CLASSI- tombs,cut into the rock behind facadesof Classicalarchitec- CAE IV (Eros-Herakles). Vol. I: Pp. xxix + 951, ture (Albanien51-57), which some have with the compared with 222 line in Vol. II: contemporary Macedonian burials at Vergina. The early drawings text; Pp. 716, third century B.C., when the Epirus of King Pyrrhusdom- pls. 630 (3660 photographs). Artemis, Zurich, inated the region, witnesseddramatic development in some and Munich 1988. of the older Illyriansettlements. The Byllionesmoved their town to a nearby but more commodioushill location where The volumes of the LIMC are now appearing with re- it expanded to cover ca. 40 ha (Albanien74-79). Elsewhere markableregularity, every two years, despite the enormous defenses were refurbishedin dressed and coursed masonry, effort this schedule must involve, and they have become the with ditches and gates designed for the new techniquesof establishedsource of iconographic information and refer- siege warfare. Several places away from the coast acquired ence withinthe scholarlyworld. The numberof contributing the characterof cities, with public buildings and amenities, nations is still increasing, this time with the addition of in the Hellenisticand Roman periods. The suggestion that Egypt-a fitting tribute and undoubtedly a source of per- this was due to a relativelyindependent advanceto urbani- sonal satisfactionto the moving spiritof the enterprise,Prof. zation on the part of the Illyrians-rather than cities being LillyKahil. Two previousvolumes (II and III) have received a mainly Hellenistic implantation-rests on the question of specialprizes bestowed by the FrenchAcad6mie des Inscrip- conditions in the fifth and early fourth centuries. So far no tions et Belles-Lettres(the GustaveMendel and the Le Fevre remains of permanent structuresor the like have come to Deumier de Pons prize respectively),and the volume cur- light to disprove the view that many of the early enclosures rently under review is bound to be a serious contender as were refuges for shepherds or the populations of nearby well. As on previousoccasions, I shalllimit myself to pointing villages. While not overlooking the value of prompt sum- out its main features, since it is impossibleto provide an in- maries and interim reports, we still look to our Albanian depth reviewof its many entries within the brief compassof colleagues for fully documented excavation reports, with this assignment. plans, photographs, and analyses of stratifieddeposits (as The alphabeticalrange "Eros-Herakles"of the title is we now have for the settlement of the Illyrian Daorsi at somewhatmisleading, since "Eros"appears only as a supple- Osanidinear Stolacin Hercegovinaby Z. Marikin the Glasnik ment to the treatment in the previous issue, as "Eros in of the SarajevoMuseum 30/31 [1977] 5-99). Etruria."As for "Herakles,"of the 12 sections outlined in The continuity from Illyriansunder Roman and Byzan- the Plan of the Catalogue,only three are covered here, and tine rule to the MediaevalArber is the subjectof a contri- the rest will be publishedin Vol. V. Thus all his Laborsare bution to the Hildesheim volume by Skender Anamali (148- missing, his expeditions, his principaladversaries and com- 55). The hypothesis rests on an interpretation of the Ko- panions, and other mythologicalevents connected with his mani-Kruja culture which is represented by the contents of mature life and death. Here we see only the hero's early around 25 burial grounds in central and northern Albania years and his main iconographictypes in isolation. By way (see the map in Albanien 122). Dated to the seventh and of compensation,the Addenda are numerous and impor- eighth centuries, these inhumations, some with grave goods tant: "Cernunnos,""Demeter," "Ceres," "Bacchus (in peri- of Byzantine origin along with local imitations, are held to pheria occidentali)," and "Erechtheus" (which includes represent the indigenous Illyrian population that, having "Erichthonios").Even one subjecttreated in full within the been freed from imperial rule represented by the coastal main text, "Helene,"has one more example cited on the last cities, were destined to become the Albanian speakers of the page (951): a remarkablemarble egg with the heroine carved 1990] BOOK REVIEWS 505 within, from a Metapontinetomb of ca. 400 B.C., discussed third-centurydate for the coffers of the Athenaionat Priene for the first time by M. Torelli in a newspaper article as (no. 26), although I had understoodhim to believe that they recent as 16 July 1988! The find is connected with Orphic were by the sameworkshop active at the HalikarnassosMaus- beliefs and practicesso popularin MagnaGraecia and there- solleion.The entry on "Geryoneus"should be supplemented fore carriesmore than purely iconographicsignificance. by a reference to the articleby B. Kilerich,OpAth 17 (1988) Majordivinities treated in this volume comprise Hades/ 123-36, who believes that the so-calledBluebeard from the Pluto, Hera and Hephaistos,although Iuno/Uni and Vulcan Athenian Hekatompedoncan only be the one famous three- are postponed to a later issue. Hekate and Helios are also in bodied characterin Greek mythology. It would be helpful the future, although Helios/Solis included here. Some non- to have Lilly Kahil's expert opinion, s.v. "Helene," on Greek divinities can also be considered major: Eshmoun, whether the Archaic terracottaplaques from near Sparta Harpokrates,Hathor, and the HeliopolitaniDei, with their can trulyshow the return(or the kidnapping)of the heroine, peculiar iconography.Of the minor divinities, Ganymedes as part of the metopal decorationof a local shrine: G. Stein- and Hebe, Ge and Eubouleusshould be mentioned. Among hauer,ASAtene 60 n.s. 44:2 (1982) 329-40. I would be more the more intriguingentries are those on "Fluvii"and "Fons," inclined to read them as individual votive pinakes,compa- as general categories, although individualaccounts on spe- rable to the Lakonian Hero reliefs, especially given their cific rivers are also given throughout the opus. There is the relative thinness, the apparent purity of their clay, and the usual sprinkling of satyrs',Maenads', and Nereids' names, lack of decoratedmetopes elsewhere in the Peloponnesosat and obscure Homeric heroes, especiallyif they appearin the that time. Finally,could the so-called Pseudo-SenecaType visual record, but I am more intrigued by two entries ("Eu- (the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Baziaki Pokolenia
    JOLANTA BAZIAK BAZIAKI POKOLENIA BYDGOSZCZ 2017 1 1 JOLANTA BAZIAK BAZIAKI POKOLENIA BYDGOSZCZ 2017 2 3 JOLANTA BAZIAK BAZIAKI POKOLENIA Stara dusza pamięta o przodkach BYDGOSZCZ 2017 2 3 Biblioteka Bydgoskiego Oddziału Stowarzyszenia Pisarzy Polskich Zrealizowano dzięki wsparciu finansowemu miasta Bydgoszczy Projekt okładki, opracowanie graficzne, skład: Ewa Widacka-Matoszko Okładka na podstawie fotografii Tomasza Baziaka z Wierchomli Wielkiej Wydawca: Towarzystwo Inicjatyw Kulturalnych w Bydgoszczy Instytut Wydawniczy „Świadectwo” e-mail: [email protected] Copyright by Jolanta Baziak, Bydgoszcz 2017 ISBN 978-83-7456-484-7 Dłuższe fragmenty cytatów zaznaczono kolorem zielonym, pomniejsze – opatrzono znakiem cudzysłowu. Porządkujące dane encyklopedyczne oznaczono kolorem granatowym. Fotografie, o ile nie podano inaczej, wykonała autorka. 4 5 Szczególne podziękowania zechcą przyjąć: ks. kard. Marian Jaworski, ks. dr Jacek Waligóra – autor książki Cierpiący Pasterz, ks. prof. dr hab. Jacek Urban – Dyrektor Archiwum Kurii Metropolitalnej w Krakowie, Artur Kinasz – Archiwum im. Eugeniusza Baziaka w Krakowie, ks. dr Stanisław Kowalik – kapelan Zarządu Głównego i wszyst- kich oddziałów Związku Podhalan Diecezji Tarnowskiej, Jadwiga Jastrzębska – sekre- tarz Towarzystwa Miłośników Ziemi Łąckiej, redaktor Almanachu Łąckiego, Bogusława Stanowska-Cichoń – twórczyni filmu dokumentalnego Wygnaniec o abp. Eugeniuszu Baziaku, prof. Henryk Jankowski, ks. Stanisław Pietrzak... Dziękuję serdecznie: Mamie, Genowefie Baziak, Józefie Sądel, Genowefie Chromczak, Teresie Chmielak oraz wszystkim Baziaconkom, Bożenie i Andrzejowi z Nowego Sącza, Bożenie i Tomkowi z Wierchomli Wielkiej, Monice i Andrzejowi „Pychotkom”, Wojtkowi Baziakowi, Baziakom z Maszkowic, Jasła, Jelnej, Przydonicy, Wieliczki, Zabrzeży, Nowego Sącza, Wałcza, Staszkowi Kuligowi, Jerzemu Niecio, Bronisławowi Staniszowi, Stanisławowi Nowakowi oraz wszystkim Osobom, dzięki którym mogłam ubogacić publikację o fotografie rodzinne i pomieszczoną cenną korespondencję. Dziękuję za rozmowy i ciepłe przyjęcie w czasie podróży.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Bibliography As .Pdf
    BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SITE A Aetos http://www.yppo.gr/0/anaskafes/pdfs/LB_EPKA.pdf Agia Kyriaki Dakaris, S. (1972), Θεσπρωτία (Athens: Athens Centre of Ekistics). Agioi Apostoloi http://www.yppo.gr/0/anaskafes/pdfs/IB_EPKA.pdf Agios Donatos Forsén, B. (2011), 'Catalogue of Sites in the Central Kokytos Valley', in B. Forsén and E. Tikkala (eds.), Thesprotia expedition II, Environment and settlement patterns (Helsinki), 73-122. http://www.finninstitute.gr/en/thesprotia# 'Thesprotia Expedition 2004-5, Reports' Agios Georgios Dakaris, S. (1971), Cassopaia and the Elean colonies (Athens: Athens Center of Ekistics). Agios Minas Dausse, M.P. (2007), 'Les villes molosses: bilan et hypothèses sur les quatre centres mentionnés par Tite-Live', in D. Berranger-Auserve (ed.), Épire, Illyrie, Macédoine: Mélanges offerts au Professeur Pierre Cabanes (Clermont-Ferrand), 197-233. http://listedmonuments.culture.gr/fek.php?ID_FEKYA=12769 Agora (fortification and graves) Dakaris, S. (1972), Θεσπρωτία (Athens: Athens Centre of Ekistics). Agora PS29, PS30 and PS49 Forsén, B. (2011), 'Catalogue of Sites in the Central Kokytos Valley', in B. Forsén and E. Tikkala (eds.), Thesprotia expedition II, Environment and settlement patterns (Helsinki), 73-122. Almoutses Youni, P., Katsadima, I., and Faklari, I. (2001-4), 'Θέση Αλμούτσες, Κοινότητα Σελλάδων', Archaiologikon Deltion, 56-59 (B), 131-33. Alpochori Dakaris, S. (1971), Cassopaia and the Elean colonies (Athens: Athens Center of Ekistics). Amantia Anamali, S. (1972), 'Amantia', Iliria, II, 67-148. Cabanes, Pierre, et al. (2008), Carte archéologique de l'Albanie (Tirana: Klosi & Benzenberg). Ceka, N. (1990), 'Städtebau in der vorrömischen Periode in Südillyrien', Akten des XIII. Internationalen Kongresses für klassische Archäologie, Berlin, 1988 International Congress of Classical Archaeology (Mainz: Philipp von Zabern), 215-29.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    INTRODUCTION Sur la romanisation La romanisation représente pour les archéologues un problème complexe qui rassemble à la fois des questions d’identité et d’in- terprétation de la culture matérielle. Le concept de romanisation a évolué avec le temps ; il est aujourd’hui perçu par l’archéologie européenne comme un processus double, composé à la fois d’in- teractions et de l’intégration des peuples indigènes dans l’Empire. La notion de romanisation demeure en revanche encore étrangère à l’archéologie albanaise. Cette absence fut le premier motif de ce travail, centré sur la mise en évidence des éléments fondamentaux à travers lesquels le processus de la romanisation peut être appré- hendé. Le terme de romanisation n’est pas utilisé par les auteurs anciens pour désigner le contrôle et les conséquences de la politique romaine sur les territoires et les peuples conquis. Au contraire, ce terme a été utilisé pour la première fois au XIXe siècle pour décrire l’appropriation de la civilisation classique par les peuples indigènes dans l’Empire romain. Dès lors, la romanisation demeura le terme privilégié pour décrire les échanges culturels entre les provinces de l’Empire. L’expression elle-même débouche sur plusieurs problèmes historiographiques1. De nos jours, les spécialistes 1 Le terme, forgé dans les contextes impérialistes et colonialistes de la fin du XIXe et du début du XXe siècle, renvoie au climat intellectuel de cette période. L’intérêt pour le sujet s’accrut vers le milieu du XXe siècle quand l’Empire britannique entra en décadence et que les milieux intellectuels firent usage de la méthode comparatiste pour s’intéresser aux anciennes structures étatiques.
    [Show full text]
  • Illyrian Policy of Rome in the Late Republic and Early Principate
    ILLYRIAN POLICY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC AND EARLY PRINCIPATE Danijel Dzino Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Classics University of Adelaide August 2005 II Table of Contents TITLE PAGE I TABLE OF CONTENTS II ABSTRACT V DECLARATION VI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS VII LIST OF FIGURES VIII LIST OF PLATES AND MAPS IX 1. Introduction, approaches, review of sources and secondary literature 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Rome and Illyricum (a short story) 2 1.3 Methodology 6 1.4.1 Illyrian policy of Rome in the context of world-system analysis: Policy as an interaction between systems 9 1.4.2 The Illyrian policy of Rome in the context of world-system analysis: Working hypothesis 11 1.5 The stages in the Roman Illyrian relationship (the development of a political/constitutional framework) 16 1.6 Themes and approaches: Illyricum in Roman historiography 18 1.7.1 Literature review: primary sources 21 1.7.2 Literature review: modern works 26 2. Illyricum in Roman foreign policy: historical outline, theoretical approaches and geography 2.1 Introduction 30 2.2 Roman foreign policy: Who made it, how and why was it made, and where did it stop 30 2.3 The instruments of Roman foreign policy 36 2.4 The place of Illyricum in the Mediterranean political landscape 39 2.5 The geography and ethnography of pre-Roman Illyricum 43 III 2.5.1 The Greeks and Celts in Illyricum 44 2.5.2 The Illyrian peoples 47 3. The Illyrian policy of Rome 167 – 60 BC: Illyricum - the realm of bifocality 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Prelude: the making of bifocality 56 3.3 The South and Central Adriatic 60 3.4 The North Adriatic 65 3.5 Republican policy in Illyricum before Caesar: the assessment 71 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Dieux, Épiclèses Et Panthéons En Épire
    https://lib.uliege.be https://matheo.uliege.be Dieux, épiclèses et panthéons en Épire Auteur : Vadjaraganian, Manon Promoteur(s) : Pirenne, Vinciane; Berthelet, Yann Faculté : Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres Diplôme : Master en histoire, à finalité approfondie Année académique : 2019-2020 URI/URL : http://hdl.handle.net/2268.2/10259 Avertissement à l'attention des usagers : Tous les documents placés en accès ouvert sur le site le site MatheO sont protégés par le droit d'auteur. Conformément aux principes énoncés par la "Budapest Open Access Initiative"(BOAI, 2002), l'utilisateur du site peut lire, télécharger, copier, transmettre, imprimer, chercher ou faire un lien vers le texte intégral de ces documents, les disséquer pour les indexer, s'en servir de données pour un logiciel, ou s'en servir à toute autre fin légale (ou prévue par la réglementation relative au droit d'auteur). Toute utilisation du document à des fins commerciales est strictement interdite. Par ailleurs, l'utilisateur s'engage à respecter les droits moraux de l'auteur, principalement le droit à l'intégrité de l'oeuvre et le droit de paternité et ce dans toute utilisation que l'utilisateur entreprend. Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, lorsqu'il reproduira un document par extrait ou dans son intégralité, l'utilisateur citera de manière complète les sources telles que mentionnées ci-dessus. Toute utilisation non explicitement autorisée ci-avant (telle que par exemple, la modification du document ou son résumé) nécessite l'autorisation préalable et expresse des auteurs ou de leurs ayants droit. Université de Liège Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres - Département d’Histoire Dieux, épiclèses et panthéons en Épire Mémoire présenté en vue de l’obtention du grade de Master en Histoire à finalité approfondie par Manon Vadjaraganian Sous la direction de Madame Vinciane Pirenne-Delforge et Monsieur Yann Berthelet.
    [Show full text]
  • New Inscription of Ilirian City Amantia As Political-Historical Source
    E-ISSN 2281-4612 Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol 4 No 2 ISSN 2281-3993 MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy July 2015 New Inscription of Ilirian City Amantia as Political-Historical Source Aleks Trushaj, Prof. Asooc «I. Qemali » University of Vlora, Albania, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Education [email protected] Ermal Sina, Msc «I. Qemali » University of Vlora, Albania, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Education [email protected] Lavdosh Jaupaj, Msc Archeological Institution, Tirane, Albania [email protected] Doi:10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n2p387 Abstract The Southwest of Albanian region, in Vlora region has lived in antiquity the Illyrian tribe of Amant. Amante developed their civic life by building cities and castles that identify their region. Their main town was Amantia, a political-administrative center from which depended even other civic centers Olympia, Treporti, Kanina or quays as Cerja, Matohasanaj etc.This was accomplished through a federal political form that was known as koinon. Self koinoni formed a separate state pyramid, because each unity that federates there ,also had local government power. Amanties City is located near the present village of Ploce, in south-east of Vlora, between flow Valley Shushica in the right, and Valley Vjosa(Aos) in the river left. Regarding the etymology of the name Amantia, in English has a native word "stream, source ", which N.Joklin means" shore-river man"(bregalumas in Albanian). In the fourth century B.C, Amantia is definitely an important city in south of Illyria, in addition to his neighbor Bylys. In the III-rd century , Amante shed a coin in their own market.
    [Show full text]
  • The Name of Damastion1
    Ujes Morgan: The Name of Damastion Num. vijesti, no. 73., Zagreb, 2020. Dubravka Ujes Morgan (Newark, USA) UDK 737.1.041(398Damastion):81’373.21]”-04” Original scientific paper e-mail: [email protected] THE NAME OF DAMASTION1 Damastion was a mining and minting town in the interior of the Balkans near abundant silver mines founded by fugitives from Aegina and Mende, after they had been expelled from their native cities by the Athenians during the turmoil of the Peloponnesian War (Strabo 7.7.8 and 8.6.16). Founded shortly after the Peace of Nicias of 421 B.C., in challenging times of restructuring of powers and regrouping of fugitives and exiles on both sides, and during an acute shortage of silver required for financing the impending war operations, the town seems to have been exceptional in several respects, including its name. It appears that Damastion was named after its founder, Damastas or Damastes, considerably earlier than the practice of naming a foundation after its founder became common in Hellenistic times. In this paper I address the circumstances that likely prompted or perhaps encouraged such a choice for the new foundation’s name. Key words: Damastion, Greek colonization, Peloponnesian War, Aegina, ancient silver mines, Greek coinage, Olynthus Ancient Greek cities mentioned in the text. The area of probable location of Damastion is darkened. 1 I wish to express my gratefulness to John D. Morgan III, a professor at the University of Delaware, epigraphist and historian, and my husband, for his suggestion about the origin of the name of Damastion, which goes back to 2002, and for our productive discussion of this topic.
    [Show full text]
  • Liria Propriamente Detta È Quella Che Fu Designata Come Illyria Graeca E Fu Detta Poi Epirus Nova
    — 350 — liria propriamente detta è quella che fu designata come Illyria Graeca e fu detta poi Epirus Nova. L'Illyricum dell’epoca im­ periale, ebbe varia estensione secondo i tempi, e fu piuttosto una denominazione di carattere politico. L’Illiria che al nord verso il 4° sec. a. C. ebbe confinanti i Celti ( Scordisci), al sud la Gre­ cia col suo Epiro, e àll’est la Macedonia e la Tracia, era com­ presa tra la foce del Drino fino all’eòo (Vojusa) lungo la costa, e nell’interno, dal mare penetrava fino allo Scardo. I due suoi focolari di cultura greca furono Epidamno (Durazzo) e A pollo­ nia che aveva come porto, Aulona. In altre parole l’antica Illiria comprendeva press’a poco il territorio dell’Albania d’oggi. Sue tribù principali furono gli Enchelèi, i Bylliones (Byllis), i Tau- lanti (intorno a Epidamnos) a cui successero i Partini, e nel­ l’interno i Dassareti con capitale Lychnidos (= ’Ocrida), e i Pi- rusti (sul lago che oggi è denominato da ’Ocrida stessa). V. Miil- ler, nell 'Mandò, der Klass. Altertumsiv. I li, 227-228; e Onoma- slicon totius Latinitatis del (1) Dr. Ios. Perin - Patavii, 1913. Durante l’epoca imperiale si dissero Illiri tutte le popola­ zioni che abitavano le sponde orientali dell’Adriatico, e Illyrium come denominazione politico-amministrativa che variò conse­ guentemente nei vari tempi, passò a designare tutto il territorio che si stendeva dal fiume Arsa fino all’Acroceramo (Himara), cioè fino ai confini dell’Epiro propriamente detto e della Mace­ donia. Anzi dopo Costantino Magno la Prefettura dell’illirico si estese dal Danubio fino all’ isola di Creta.
    [Show full text]
  • Aus: Zeitschrift F¸R Papyrologie Und Epigraphik 84 (1990) 231–295 © Dr
    ROBERT K. SHERK THE EPONYMOUS OFFICIALS OF GREEK CITIES. MAINLAND GREECE AND THE ADJACENT ISLANDS aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 84 (1990) 231–295 © Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn 231 The Eponymous Officials of Greek Cities* Mainland Greece and the Adjacent Islands 8. CHALCIDIC PENINSULA Geographically separated from the Greek states to the south by the kingdom of Macedo- nia, this peninsula was a very early area of colonization by Chalcis, Corinth, Eretria, and An- dros. With such an origin and because of the opportunities afforded for communication and trade with the north its historical role before the time of Philip II was played out in the context of Athenian and Spartan events. Its vulnerable position and the consequent need for unity caused its cities to form a Chalcidic Confederacy at the beginning of the Peloponnesian War. Olynthus became its capital. Unlike most Greek federal states, the Chalcidians were a group of cities that united into a kind of tribal state, rather than the reverse, and then formed a federal state. After an expansion of the Confederacy into Macedonia early in the fourth century it found itself confronted by Sparta in 382 BC. Sparta besieged the city of Olynthus and the Confederacy was disbanded. With the collapse of Spartan power, however, the Confederacy was reformed. Then, in 348 BC, Olynthus fell to Philip II. All semblance of the Confeder- acy disappeared and its cities lost their freedom. Little is known about the Confederacy's type of government, but it is reasonable to conclude that there was a federal boule.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts 22.09.10
    ABSTRACTS Claudia Antonetti Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia THE AITOLIAN KOINON IN THE CLASSICAL ERA: INTERNAL DYNAMICS AND PAN-HELLENIC RELATIONS Classical sources on Aitolia are desperately few in number, yet some original remarks can be developed as to the formative phase of the koinon among 5 th and 4th centuries BC and its Pan-Hellenic recognition, which was achieved mainly through international relations involving Peloponnesian shrines and Athens. The historical period under study begins with a positive, traditional relationship with Korinth and Sparta during the years of the Archidamic War, and closes with the alliance with Athens at the end of the 4th century BC. In between, the decisive widening of the Aitolian political horizon in relation to the events of ‘big’ history stands out pat- ently: the koinon concluded far-sighted alliances with Thebes and Philip II, but also constantly pursued a policy of autonomy whose first signs are to be found in the so- called ‘War of Elis’, in which the Aitolians fought against the Spartans. Independ- ence from external powers is mirrored within Aitolia itself by a brand new sense of self-affirmation. Besides the Messenians in Naupaktos, the case is known of Aito- lian Aiolis, namely the area of Kalydon and Pleuron and their surroundings, that in 426 seems to enjoy a certain autonomy both from the koinon and the adjacent cen- tres. On the religious level, recognizing the sacred Eleusinian truce and receiving the Epidaurian theoroi were crucial steps for Aitolia to enter the Hellenikon : both cults, that of the Great Goddesses and that of Asclepius, could actually have been borrowed from Athens, thanks to a wide-spread religious policy which should also include Thesprotia and Dodona.
    [Show full text]
  • The Greek Minority in Albania in the Aftermath of Communism
    Conflict Studies Research Centre G97 The Greek Minority in Albania In the Aftermath of Communism James Pettifer This paper examines the history of the Greek Minority in Albania in the light of the development of the Cameria dispute between Greece and Albania and traces the main events as they have affected the Minority since the end of communism. It examines the main trends in Minority politics and social and economic identity, the nature of Minority representation and influence in national governments and politics, the attitudes of different Albanian political parties towards the Minority, and the likelihood of the Minority becoming a cause of conflict between the two countries. Introduction Bilateral relations between Greece and Albania have often been severely strained since the demise of communism in Albania, with breaks in diplomatic relations, violent border incidents involving military fatalities, and the expulsion of tens of thousands of Albanian migrant workers from Greece. At the heart of these growing tensions is the fate of the sizeable ethnic Greek community in southern Albania. This paper examines the historical basis of this national minority, its status and political behaviour during the communist period, and the current factors contributing to ethnic tension in post-communist Albania. The dynamic interplay between Greek-Albanian bilateral relations, the sub-national divide among ethnic Albanians themselves, and domestic inter-ethnic politics, it will be argued, hold the key to determining the ethnic Greek minority’s ability to pursue and achieve its interests, and thus to the development of a stable Albanian polity. The emergence of ethnic tension, it should be noted, stands in sharp contrast to traditional western understandings of Albania.
    [Show full text]
  • Ucin1186753260.Pdf (729.84
    UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:___________________ I, _________________________________________________________, hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: in: It is entitled: This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Isotopic Study of Migration: Differentiating Locals and Non-Locals in Tumulus Burials from Apollonia, Albania A thesis submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Department of Anthropology of the College of Arts and Sciences August 2007 By Jennifer Rose Stallo B.S., University of Cincinnati, 2005 Committee Chairs: Dr. Vernon Scarborough Dr. Lynne Schepartz Dr. C. Jeffrey Jacobson Jr. ABSTRACT Strontium isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr) analysis has been applied in archaeology since the 1980s to reconstruct patterns of migration. Analysis of the 87Sr/86Sr ratios from burial mounds (tumuli) excavated near the site of Apollonia, Illyria (modern day Albania) was performed to differentiate ‘locals’ and ‘non-locals’. The Greek colony founded at Apollonia around the beginning of the sixth century B.C.E. included a mixture of Greek colonists and native Illyrian people. As tumulus burials are the only burial features identified and excavated at Apollonia it was hypothesized that both Greek and Illyrian individuals would be represented in tumuli. If the Greek and Illyrian burials could be differentiated using 87Sr/86Sr ratios then insight into the changing interaction of Greeks and Illyrians at Apollonia is possible. 87Sr/86Sr ratio analysis of a sample of teeth from Apollonia reveals that non-locals were incorporated into tumulus 10 along with members of the local population.
    [Show full text]